The Yamasee Indians: from Florida to South Carolina" (St

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

H-South Conference: "The Yamasee Indians: From Florida to South Carolina" (St. Augustine, April 17-18) Discussion published by Denise I. Bossy on Wednesday, April 1, 2015 The Yamasee Indians: From Florida to South Carolina April 17-18, 2015 Flagler College, St. Augustine, FL Please join us for the first conference on the history and archaeology of the Yamasee Indians. We will meet at Flagler College, just blocks away from eighteenth-century Yamasee sites in historic St. Augustine. April 2015 marks the 300th anniversary of the Yamasee War, a war that transformed the history of the southeast leading to the end of the Indian slave trade and the rise of the Old South. Using the tercentenary of the Yamasee War as inspiration, the conference examines the Yamasee Indians before and after the war. Presenters include: Amy Turner Bushnell, Keith Ashley, Eric C. Poplin, Chester B. DePratter, William R. Ramsey, Alex Sweeney, Jane G. Landers, Steven C. Hahn, Denise I. Bossy, Susan Parker, Amanda Hall, Andrea Paige White, and Carl D. Halbirt. The sessions will be chaired by: John E. Worth, Charles Cobb, Alan Gallay, and Gifford Waters. Registration is $25 through April 10 and is limited to the first 120 registrants. After April 10, attendees may register for $35 at the door if spots are still available. For more information and to register, please go to: http://yamaseeconference.weebly.com/ The conference is organized by Dr. Denise I. Bossy (History Department, University of North Florida) and Dr. Chester B. DePratter (South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology at the University of South Carolina). It is sponsored by the University of North Florida, the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology at the University of South Carolina, the St. Augustine Historical Society, and Flagler College. Citation: Denise I. Bossy. Conference: "The Yamasee Indians: From Florida to South Carolina" (St. Augustine, April 17-18). H-South. 04-01-2015. https://networks.h-net.org/node/512/discussions/65514/conference-yamasee-indians-florida-south-carolina-st-augustine Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. 1.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

A Study of an Eighteenth-Century Yamasee Mission Community in Colonial St Augustine Andrea Paige White College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2002 Living on the Periphery: A Study of an Eighteenth-Century Yamasee Mission Community in Colonial St Augustine andrea Paige White College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Indigenous Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation White, andrea Paige, "Living on the Periphery: A Study of an Eighteenth-Century Yamasee Mission Community in Colonial St Augustine" (2002). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539626354. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-whwd-r651 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LIVING ON THE PERIPHERY: A STUDY OF AN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY YAMASEE MISSION COMMUNITY IN COLONIAL ST. AUGUSTINE A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Anthropology The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Andrea P. White 2002 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of aster of Arts Author Approved, November 2002 n / i i WJ m Norman Barka Carl Halbirt City Archaeologist, St. Augustine, FL Theodore Reinhart TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vi LIST OF TABLES viii LIST OF FIGURES ix ABSTRACT xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 2 Creolization Models in Historical Archaeology 4 Previous Archaeological Work on the Yamasee and Significance of La Punta 7 PROJECT METHODS 10 Historical Sources 10 Research Design and The City of St.
[Show full text]
The Creek "Migration Legend"
UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2qm3x2bd Author Koons, Ryan Abel Publication Date 2016 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 © Copyright by Ryan Abel Koons 2016 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Dancing Breath: Ceremonial Performance Practice, Environment, and Personhood in a Muskogee Creek Community by Ryan Abel Koons Doctor of Philosophy in Ethnomusicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2016 Professor Tara Browner, Chair This dissertation presents an ethnography utilizing a multispecies perspective of the "busk" ritual cycle as performed by the southeastern Muskogee Creek American Indian community, Pvlvcekolv (Apalachicola). Humans construct humanity and personhood partially via interactions with other-than-human persons, such as animals, plants, and objects. I examine ritualized interactions between humans and others-than-human in a southeastern Indigenous "natureculture," exploring the intersections of ontology, personhood, and performance practice. Pvlvcekolv, an animistic Florida-based tribal town with a ceremonial Fire that pre-dates European Contact, maintains a centuries-old ritual tradition, the busk. Sometimes known as "Green Corn Ceremonialism," many Native communities share this tradition, including ii Cherokee, Chickasaw, Seminole, Yuchi, and other Creek peoples historically and in the present day. Performing the songs, dances, and ritual actions of the busk places participants into dialogue with other-than-human persons.
[Show full text]
The Archaeology of Indian Slavers and Colonial Allies: Excavations at the Yamasee Capital of Altamaha Town
The Archaeology of Indian Slavers and Colonial Allies: Excavations at the Yamasee Capital of Altamaha Town Alex Sweeney Brockington and Associates, Inc. SHA 2009 Between June 2006 and January 2007, Brockington and Associates conducted data recovery excavations at the Yamasee town of Altamaha, located in the lower coastal plain of South Carolina. This town served as the capital for the Lower Yamasee from as early as 1695, and was abandoned shortly after the start of the Yamasee War in 1715. Ethnohistorical research has traced the cultural origins of the Yamasee towns in South Carolina to Indian settlements within Spanish Florida along the Georgia coast during the mid to late 17th century; and earlier to Indian provinces located in the interior of Georgia from the 16th and 17th centuries (Figure 1). Altamaha, along with the other three Lower Yamasee towns, all derived from Indian provinces in the Oconee River Valley in central GA. In 1683, the Yamasee, along with much of the Guale population, migrated to South Carolina from coastal GA following attacks from other Indian groups and pirates, as well as enduring abuses in the Spanish repardimento labor drafts. Figure 1. Location of Yamasee migration between the Sixteenth and early Eighteenth centuries. While in South Carolina, the Yamasee become allies with the English colonists from Charleston during the late 17th and early 18th century. The Yamasee occupied the land between the English colonists in Charleston and the Spanish in Florida, providing a protective buffer between the two European colonies. The Yamasee fought along side the colonists during the Tuskarora war in North Carolina and against the Spanish in Florida.
[Show full text]
South Carolina the Portal of Native American Genocide in Southeast………….Still Haunts…The Southeastern Coastal State
South Carolina the Portal of Native American Genocide in Southeast………….Still Haunts…the southeastern coastal state By Will Moreau Goins Ph.D. Charleston has been called "the most haunted city in North America". I would like to think that the Ghosts haunting Charleston are not only the many pirates, endentured servants, European colonists and enslaved Africans that historically passed through this port city, but I would like to believe that many of those spirits that linger in this monumental city and throughout this state are those of the many indigenous people that once called South Carolina their home. Maybe it would be nice to think of these Native spirits as still here, at the coastline, to welcome newcomers as they did hundreds of years ago and to remind residents that South Carolina is still Native American Indian sacred land. Or even just to tell their stories from their grave as they rattle their chains. Possibly they are here to tell their haunting story of the American Indian Holocaust that took place on this soil. I know that one of those Natives that are hauntingly reminding us of this, is that of the famed Seminole Chief, Osceola. Yes, Osceola’s decapitated body is interred here in South Carolina today. It was on December 1837 that Captain Pitcairn Morrison of the 4th U.S. Infantry transferred Osceola and 202 other Seminoles to Fort Moultrie in South Carolina, after his capture from their stance in the Florida everglades. The steamship Poinsett landed the Seminoles on Sullivan's Island on New Year's Day 1838.
[Show full text]
The Spanish in South Carolina: Unsettled Frontier
S.C. Department of Archives & History • Public Programs Document Packet No. 3 THE SPANISH IN SOUTH CAROLINA: UNSETTLED FRONTIER Route of the Spanish treasure fleets Spain, flushed with the reconquest of South Carolina. Effective occupation of its land from the Moors, quickly extended this region would buttress the claims its explorations outward fromthe Spain made on the territory because it had Carrribean Islands and soon dominated discovered and explored it. “Las Indias,” as the new territories were Ponce de Leon unsucessfully known. In over seventy years, their attempted colonization of the Florida explorers and military leaders, known as peninsula in 1521. Five years later, after the Conquistadores, had planted the cross he had sent a ship up the coast of “La of Christianity and raised the royal Florida,” as the land to the north was standard of Spain over an area that called, Vasquez de Ayllon, an official in extended from the present southern United Hispaniola, tried to explore and settle States all the way to Argentina. And, like South Carolina. Reports from that all Europeans who sailed west, the expedition tell us Ayllon and 500 Conquistadores searched for a passage to colonists settled on the coast of South the Orient with its legendary riches of Carolina in 1526 but a severe winter and gold, silver, and spices. attacks from hostile Indians forced them New lands demanded new regulations. to abandon their settlement one year later. Philip II directed In Spain, Queen Isabella laid down In 1528, Panfilo de Navarez set out the settlement policies that would endure for centuries.
[Show full text]
The Yamasee War: 1715 - 1717
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Archaeology Month Posters Institute of 10-2015 The aY masee War: 1715 - 1717 South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/archmonth_poster Part of the Anthropology Commons Publication Info Published in 2015. South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology--University of South Carolina. Archaeology Month Poster - The aY masee War: 1715 - 1717, 2015. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, 2015. http://artsandsciences.sc.edu/sciaa/ © 2015 by University of South Carolina, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology This Poster is brought to you by the Archaeology and Anthropology, South Carolina Institute of at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Archaeology Month Posters by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE YAMASEE WAR: 1715 - 1717 Thomas Nairne, “A map of South Carolina shewing the settlements of the English, French, & Indian nations from Charles Town to the River Missisipi [sic].” 1711. From Edward Crisp, “A compleat description of the province of Carolina in 3 parts.” Photo courtesy of Library of Congress 24th Annual South Carolina Archaeology Month October 2015 USC • South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology • 1321 Pendleton Street • Columbia S
[Show full text]
Teacher's Guide to Florida's
Teacher’s Guide to Florida’s Native People Inquiry Boxes: Museum on the move FLORIDA MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY SW 34th Street & Hull Road on the University of Florida campus, Gainesville, FL Monday – Saturday 10 a.m. – 5 p.m. • Sunday & Holidays 1 p.m. – 5 p.m. (352) 846-2000 ext. 214 • www.flmnh.ufl.edu 2 www.flmnh.ufl.edu © 2002 Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, Florida This Teacher’s Guide is made possible by a grant from the Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, Historical Museums Grants-in-Aid Program Acknowledgments This guide was produced by the Florida Museum of Natural History under the direction of Marilyn M. Roberts, Education Programs Coordinator Graphic Designer . .Pat Klaus Writer and Copy Editor . .Jeanne Chamberlin Writer and Copy Editor . .Darcie MacMahon Copy Editor . .Dr. Betty Dunckel Camp Museum Artist . .Merald Clark Museum Photographers . .Jeff Gage, Tammy Johnson Seminole Photographers . .Ernie Tiger, Elrod Bowers Seminole Graphic Designer . .Melissa Sherman Canoe Race Illustration . .Andrew Works Cover Illustration . .Allen Cheuvront Florida Heritage Education Program, Department of State, Division of Historical Resources In addition, I would like to thank the following people at FLMHH for their contributions to the Museum on the Move: Inquiry Boxes program: Dr. Douglas S. Jones, FLMNH Director Division of Exhibits and Public Programs Kurt Auffenberg • Jeannette Carlisle • Brian Chamberlain Ron Chesser • Lorraine Duerden • Susan Jarzen Dale Johnson • Tom Kyne • Robert Leavy Dr. Bruce J. MacFadden • John Patterson • Erika Simons • Charlene Smith FLMNH Volunteers and Docents Division of Collections and Research Sarah Brix • Richard Franz • Dr. David M.
[Show full text]
Uga Lab Series 31.Pdf
University of Georgia Laboratory of Archaeology Series Report No. 31 Georgia Archaeological Research Design Paper No.8 mSTORIC INDIAN PERIOD ARCHAEOWGY OF THE GEORGIA COASTAL ZONE By David Hurst Thomas American Museum of Natural History March, 1993 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................ I II. STATEMENT OF PERSPECTIVE .................................................................. 2 III. THE COASTAL ZONE ENVIRONMENT .................................................... 7 IV. THE GUALE: ABORIGINAL PEOPLE OF THE GEORGIA COAST ...... 9 Patterns of Guale Subsistence Sociopolitical Organization V. HISTORY OF EUROPEAN-NATIVE AMERICAN CONTACTS ON THE GEORGIA COAST .................................................................. 12 The First European Settlement in the United States Where is San Miguel de Gualdape? Jean Ribaut First Missionaries on the Georgia Coast The Guale Rebellion of 1597 Restoration of the Franciscan Missions Spanish-British Conflicts The Dawn of Georgia's Anglo-American Period Native Americans during Georgia's Colonial Period VI. ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE HISTORIC [NDIAN PER[OD ON THE GEORGIA COAST ................................................................................... 22 The Ceramic Chronologies Mission-period Archaeology of the Georgia Coast VII. KEY RESEARCH DOMAINS ..................................................................... 40 Research Domain I. The Chronology Problem Chronlogy: Some Basic Concepts Research
[Show full text]
Native Americans Alabama, and Coushatta
History of Covington The early historic Creeks were probably descendants of the mound builders of the Mississippian culture along the Tennessee River in modern Tennessee[2] and Alabama, and possibly relat- County Alabama ed to the Utinahica of southern Georgia. More of a loose con- federacy than a single tribe, the Muscogee lived in autonomous Part 1 villages in river valleys throughout what are today the states of Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama and consisted of many ethnic groups speaking several distinct languages, such as the Hitchiti, Native Americans Alabama, and Coushatta. Those who lived along the Ocmulgee The Choctaw are a Native American people originally from the River were called "Creek Indians" by British traders from South Southeastern United States (Mississippi, Alabama, and Carolina; eventually the name was applied to all of the various Louisiana). They are of the Muskogean linguistic group. The natives of Creek towns becoming increasingly divided between word Choctaw (also known as Chahta, Chactas ,Chato, Tchakta, the Lower Towns of the Georgia frontier on the Chattahoochee and Chocktaw) may derive from the Castilian word "chato," River, Ocmulgee River, and Flint River and the Upper Towns of meaning flat; however, noted anthropologist John Swanton sug- the Alabama River Valley. gests that the name belonged to a Choctaw leader.[2] They were a part of the Mississippian culture which was located throughout The Lower Towns included Coweta, Cusseta (Kasihta, the Mississippi River valley. The early Spanish explorers, Cofitachiqui), Upper Chehaw (Chiaha), Hitchiti, Oconee, according to historian Walter Williams,encountered their Ocmulgee, Okawaigi, Apalachee, Yamasee (Altamaha), antecedents.[3] In the 19th century, Choctaws were known as Ocfuskee, Sawokli, and Tamali.
[Show full text]
The Evacuation of South Florida, 1704-1760
The Evacuation of South Florida, 1704-1760 John E. Worth Randell Research Center at Pineland Florida Museum of Natural History Abstract The fall of Spanish Florida’s western mission chain between 1704 and 1706 brought the ravages of the English-sponsored Indian slave trade into South Florida, which had previously remained isolated from intensive European contact for more than a century. The peninsula was quickly evacuated, with Indian refugees coalescing both to the south around present-day Miami and the Florida Keys and to the north around St. Augustine. Final remnants of both groups independently settled in Cuba in 1760 and 1763, leaving the entire southern peninsula under Creek domination. This paper presents newly-discovered details and ongoing analysis of this process. Paper presented at the 60th annual Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Charlotte, North Carolina, November 13, 2003. 1 For Southeastern archaeologists and historians studying the impact of the European colonial era on indigenous chiefdoms, South Florida has always remained something of an anomaly, a forgotten stepchild that doesn’t seem to fit in either with Spanish Florida and its missions, or with the rest of the Southeastern Indians who ultimately became trading partners with the English and French. Though most are at least aware of the Spanish ethnohistorical record of the Calusa and other South Florida Indians during the colonial era, there seems little obvious connection between these groups and the currents of change that ultimately swept across the colonial Southeast during the 16th through 18th centuries. Even researchers specializing in colonial Spanish Florida seem to find little common ground with South Florida, which was effectively tierra incognita throughout much of this era.
[Show full text]
Yamassee Origins and the Development of the Carolina-Florida Frontier
Yamassee Origins and the Development of the Carolina-Florida Frontier John E. Worth The Coosawattee Foundation Essay prepared for the fifth annual conference of the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, June 12, 1999, Austin, Texas. The Yamassee Indians have long figured prominently in historical accounts of the early history of the Southern colonies. Their short-lived tenure in the late 17th-century missions of Spanish Florida, and along the southern frontier of early 18th-century Carolina, ensured them a notable place in Southern history alongside other contemporaneous groups such as the Creek and Cherokee, despite their eventual exile and virtual extinction before the time of the American Revolution. In 1715, however, the Yamassee took center stage as they sparked a widespread and violent revolt that left hundreds of South Carolina settlers and traders dead, and that ultimately reconfigured the entire social landscape of the southeastern borderlands. Nevertheless, despite their relatively prominent historical visibility, the Yamassees have always remained something of an enigma for historians, anthropologists, and others searching for clues as to their origins. In recent years, substantial advances have been made in the archaeology and early colonial ethnohistory of the Southeastern Indians, and particularly regarding the many groups that inhabited the broad region that has been called the Spanish Borderlands, generally positioned between Spanish Florida and the southernmost English colonies of Carolina and Georgia. As a result of these advances, many of which are still ongoing, present-day scholars are now able to draw upon a far more complete and detailed database of archaeological and particularly documentary data than has ever been available before.
[Show full text]
The Forgotten Seminoles
The Forgotten Seminoles THE PALM BEACH POST Copyright (c) 2001 Used with permission Monday, August 20, 2001 By Scott McCabe Palm Beach Post Staff Writer Fortyfive minutes west of Walt Disney's makebelieve history, archaeologists dig for real artifacts. Hunched over a shallow, square excavation, they search for Peliklakaha, the largest Black Seminole village known to historians, a place where different cultures joined in a fight for freedom more than 200 years ago. Until now, say University of Florida archaeologists, Peliklakaha existed only in the writings of military leaders and a painting commissioned by the U.S. general who had burned it down. Archaeologists hope to unearth clues that documents can't provide, secrets about the life of a hidden people. They hope Peliklakaha will reveal whether the inhabitants developed a unique lifestyle with their new status as free people in Florida. "The story of the Black Seminoles is a tremendous story about a successful effort by slaves gaining their freedom before the Civil War," said Delray Beach archaeologist Bill Steele, who discovered the site in 1993. "That's why Peliklakaha is so significant." The dig could establish a new focus in archaeology on cultures that combine African and Native American influences, said Terry Weik, the UF graduate student heading the excavation. It could also bolster the Black Seminoles' lawsuit that seeks a share of the $56 million the United States government paid the Seminoles for reparations. To win their suit against the U.S. government, the Black Seminoles must prove they owned land in Florida. The story of the Black Seminoles is complex and controversial.
[Show full text]