DOCSLIB.ORG

Lamiaceae) in Turkey with a Taxonomic Note

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Lamiaceae) in Turkey with a Taxonomic Note Biologia 67/4: 663—672, 2012 Section Botany DOI: 10.2478/s11756-012-0049-2 Anatomical and micromorphological studies on Teucrium sect. Isotriodon (Lamiaceae) in Turkey with a taxonomic note Muhittin Dinc¸1 &S¨uleyman Dogu˘ 2 1Department of Biology Education, Ahmet Kele¸so˘glu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erkaban University, 42090 Meram, Konya, Turkey; e-mail: [email protected] 2Department of Science Education, Ahmet Kele¸so˘glu Education Faculty, Necmettin Erkaban University, 42090 Meram, Konya, Turkey Abstract: In this study, the anatomical features of the leaf and stem, besides the nutlet characteristics of some Teucrium sect. Isotriodon (Lamiaceae) taxa in Turkey, T. montbretii Betham subsp. montbretii, T. montbretii subsp. pamphylicum P. H. Davis, T. odontites Boiss. & Bal., T. cavernarum P. H. Davis, T. antitauricum T. Ekim, along with an isolated population of T. montbretii (T. montbretii subsp.) were investigated. The anatomical studies revealed that the taxa share generally similar anatomical characters, such as thicker upper leaf cuticles and larger upper leaf epidermal cells compared to lower ones and diacytic to anomocytic stomata on the leaves. However, the portion of the mesophyll occupied by palisade parenchyma and the occurrence of mucilage cells in leaf epidermis shows difference among the taxa. Furthermore, the studied taxa have general stem characteristics of the Lamiaceae family, except for having poorly developed collenchyma at the corners. With the amphistomatic leaves and developed sclerenchymatic tissue in the leaf median vein, T. cavernarum is seperated from the other taxa. Trichome types on the vegetative organs and nutlet shape and sculpturing are generally the same or similar in the studied taxa, but trichomes on the nutlets are different among them. Based on nutlet characteristics and some morphological ones, it was revealed that the isolated population of T. montbretii represent a new subspecies, T. monbretii subsp. yildirimlii M.Din¸c&S.Do˘gu subsp. nov. Key words: Teucrium; Isotriodon; anatomy; micromorphology; taxonomy; Lamiaceae; Turkey Introduction (Duman 2000; D¨onmez 2006; Ozhatay¨ & K¨ult¨ur 2006; Parolly & Eren 2007; D¨onmez et al. 2010; Din¸cet Family Lamiaceae has a cosmopolitan distribution al. 2011a). Sect. Isotriodon is characterized by dwarf, and consists of 236 genera and about 7000 species suffrutescent, fragile, saxatile, and herbaceous habitus; (Stevens 2001). Many species of Lamiaceae family terete stems with dentate or entire margined leaves; have economic importance because of the essential oil simple and secund recemes; gibbous-based and bilabiate production. Lamiaceae was divided into seven sub- calyces; and small nutlets (Ekim 1982). It is represented families: Symphorematoideae, Viticoideae, Ajugoideae, by seven species in Turkey (Din¸c et al. 2011a). Prostantheroideae, Nepetoideae, Scutellarioideae, and Studies on nutlet in Lamiaceae have shown it to Lamioideae (Harley et al. 2004). be useful to varying degrees at different levels of the Teucrium L. is one of the largest genera of the sub- taxonomic hierarchy (Marin et al. 1994; Navarro & El family Ajugoideae. It is polymorphic genus including Oualidi 2000; Moon & Hong 2006; Din¸c&Do˘gan 2006; about 300 species in the world (Cramer 1981). The Kaya & Kutluk 2007; Kaya & Dirmenci 2008; Din¸cetal. genus has cosmopolitan distribution, mainly in Eu- 2009a; Eshratifar et al. 2010). The absence or presence rope, North Africa and in the temperate parts of Asia and types of trichomes on the nutlets and the vegetative (K¨astner 1989; Abu-Assab & Cantino 1993). It has been parts have taxonomic value in clarification of sectional divided into ten sections, identifiable through the ca- boundaries in Teucrium. Teucrium sect. Isotriodon is lyx shape and the inflorescence structure (McClintock characterised by the elongated thick-walled trichomes & Epling 1946; Tutin & Wood 1972). These sections on the vegetative parts and subsessile glandular tri- are Teucropsis Benth., Teucrium Benth., Chamaedrys chomes on the nutlets (Navarro & El Oualidi 2000). (Mill.) Schreb., Polium (Mill.) Schreb., Isotriodon In addition, in description of Teucrium pseudaroanium Boiss., Pycnobotrys Benth., Scorodonia (Hill) Schreb., as a new species fom sect. Teucrium,trichometype Stachybotrys Benth., Scordium (Mill.) Benth., and and density were used as additional diagnostic char- Spinularia Boiss. acter from its close relatives (Parolly & Eren 2007). The genus Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) is represented Many anatomical studies were carried out in the by 46 taxa included in 34 species and 8 sections in family Lamiaceae. The anatomical characters have Turkey. Twelve species and two subspecies are endemic shown it to be important at different systematic lev- c 2012 Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences 664 M. Dinc¸ &S.Dogu˘ Table 1. Studied materials of sect. Isotriodon taxa. Locality Collection data T. montbretii subsp. C6 ADANA: Feke, Feke-S¨uphandere arası, S¨uphandere’ye 5 km kala, M.Din¸c 3310 & S. Do˘gua,d Sencan Dere kenarı, kayalık yama¸clar, 750–850 m, 6 Jul 2010 C6 ADANA: Feke, Feke-S¨uphandere arası, S¨uphandere’ye 5 km kala, M.Din¸c 3344b,c,d Sencan Dere kenarı, kayalık yama¸clar, 750–850 m, 28 Jul 2010 T. montbreti subsp. C6 HATAY: Antakya, St. Peter Kilisesi civarı, kayalık yama¸clar, 100 M.Din¸c 3322 & S. Do˘gua,b,c,d montbretii m, 07 Jul 2010 C6 HATAY: Samanda˘g, sahile bakan kayalık yama¸clar,50m,07Jul M.Din¸c 3315 & S. Do˘gua,d 2010 T. montbretii subsp. C3 ANTALYA: Konyaaltı, T¨uneller B¨olgesi, kayalık yama¸clar, 100 m, M.Din¸c 3336 & S. Do˘gua,b,c,d pamphylicum 23 Jul 2010 T. odontites C3 MERSIN:˙ A¸sa˘gıke¸slik K¨oy¨u, G¨uzeldere, kayalık yama¸clar, 280 m, S. Do˘gu 2456a,b,c 25 Jul 2010 T. cavernarum C4 KARAMAN: Ermenek, Teke¸catı mevkii, 1400 m, kayalık yama¸clar, S. Do˘gu 2052a 19 Aug 2009 C4 KARAMAN: Ermenek, Teke¸catı mevkii, 1400 m, kayalık yama¸clar, S. Do˘gu 2476 & M. Din¸cb,c 11 Oct 2010 T. antitauricum C6 ADANA: S¸aimbeyli, Obruk Ielalesi˙ civarı, kayalık yama¸clar, 1100 M.Din¸c 3308 & S. Do˘gua m, 06. Jul 2010 C6 ADANA: Saimbeyli, Saimbeyli-Feke arası, Saimbeyli ¸cıkı¸sı, kayalık M.Din¸c 3309 & S. Do˘gub,c yama¸clar, 1000 m, 06 Jul 2010 aThe specimens used for anatomical studies bThe specimens used for the nutlet studies using stereo-microscope cThe specimens used for the nutlet studies using SEM dThe specimens used for the general morphological studies els. The systematic value of leaf epidermal micromor- taxon. The cross-sections were stained with basic fuchsine. phological characteristics was useful only subtribal level All sections were covered by glycerin gelatin and made into in Mentheae. But, the combination of the anatomical permanent slides as described by Vardar (1987). Preparats characters has taxonomic value in segregation of some were observed through an Olympus BX-50 microscope and related species in Lamiaceae. These characters have di- photographed using “kameram” apparatus attached to the microscope. Anatomical characteristics and trichome mor- agnostic value in separation of the related Teucrium phology was defined by observations of the preparats under species from the same section (Din¸c et al. 2009b). More- the light microcope. Trichome terminology follows Navarro over, they were used as additional diagnastic characters & El Oualidi (2000). The stomatal index was calculated ac- in reinstatement of Teucrium andrusi Post from its sib- cording to Meidner & Mansfield (1968). When the stomata ling species T. paederotoides Boiss. & Hausskn. in Teu- and the epidermal cells number is given, the unit are refers crium sect. Isotriodon. the view area under the objective × 20. Each quantitive The objective of this study is to investigate the anatomical character was measured 20 times, and the data anatomical and nutlet macro-micromorphological char- was given as minimum-maximum (mean ± standart devia- acters of some species of sect. Isotriodon and to deter- tion). For micromorphological studies on the nutlets, mature mine the systematic value of these characters in spe- nutlets were mounted directly on stubs with double-side cific and infraspecific segregation of the taxa. Beside, adhesive tape and coated with gold. The nutlets were ex- it is to clarify the taxonomic position of T. montbretii amined by SEM, and the best representatives were pho- samples collected from an isolated area and showing tographed in general and in detail. For each taxon, 20 nut- some morphological differences from Teucrium mont- lets were measured, and the data was given as minimum- bretii subspecies in Turkey. maximum (mean ± SD). Nutlet sculpture terminology fol- lows Punt et al. (1994). Features similar in the studied taxa were not emphasized when presenting the results. Material and methods The samples belonging to Teucrium sect. Isotriodon were Results collected from different parts of Turkey in 2010. The collec- tion data of the populations is given in Table 1. The sam- Anatomy ples were dried according to standard herbarium technics Stem anatomy: The stem is more or less terete in trans- and conserved at the herbarium of the Necmettin Erkaban verse section. The epidermis is single-layered and con- University Ahmet Kele¸so˘gluEducation Faculty. sists of angular and ovoid cells whose walls are thick- Some of the specimens were put in 70% alcohol for ened, and is covered by a thick layer of cuticle. On anatomical studies. Anatomical studies were carried out on 10 samples, on average, of each population. In these samples, the epidermis there are glandular and non-glandular leaves and stem cross-sections were studied with the lower trichomes. The type of glandular trichome is simple and upper surface sections of the leaves. On average, twenty short and long clavate and subsessile glandular. Clavate preparations were made of each type of sections for each glandular trichomes have a single secretory head cell, Anatomical and morphological studies on Teucrium sec. Isotriodon in Turkey 665 Table 2. Important anatomical characters of the studied taxa (1.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal Uses of Volkameria Glabra
    264 Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10, 264-273 Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal uses of Volkameria glabra Alfred Maroyi* Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa Abstract: Volkameria glabra (E. Mey.) Mabb. & Y.W. Yuan is a deciduous shrub or a small tree widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of V. glabra. Documented information on pharmacological properties, phytochemistry and medicinal uses of V. glabra was collected from several online sources such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications obtained from the university library. This study revealed that the bark, leaf and root infusion and/or decoction of V. glabra are mainly used as immune booster, protective charm, anthelmintic and ethnoveterinary medicine, and traditional medicine for convulsions, fractured bones, fever, wounds, gastro-intestinal problems, snake bite and respiratory diseases. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include aliphatic glycosides, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, iridoid, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpenoids. The V. glabra and compounds isolated from the species exhibited acaricidal, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, antimycobacterial,
    [Show full text]
  • Computer-Aided Chemotaxonomy and Bioprospecting Study of Diterpenes of the Lamiaceae Family
    molecules Article Computer-Aided Chemotaxonomy and Bioprospecting Study of Diterpenes of the Lamiaceae Family Andreza Barbosa Silva Cavalcanti, Renata Priscila Costa Barros, Vicente Carlos de Oliveira Costa, Marcelo Sobral da Silva, Josean Fechine Tavares , Luciana Scotti and Marcus Tullius Scotti * Post-Graduate Program in Natural Synthetic Bioactive Products, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil; [email protected] (A.B.S.C.); [email protected] (R.P.C.B.); [email protected] (V.C.d.O.C.); [email protected] (M.S.d.S.); [email protected] (J.F.T.); [email protected] (L.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-83-998690415 Received: 4 October 2019; Accepted: 27 October 2019; Published: 30 October 2019 Abstract: Lamiaceae is one of the largest families of angiosperms and is classified into 12 subfamilies that are composed of 295 genera and 7775 species. It presents a variety of secondary metabolites such as diterpenes that are commonly found in their species, and some of them are known to be chemotaxonomic markers. The aim of this work was to construct a database of diterpenes and to use it to perform a chemotaxonomic analysis among the subfamilies of Lamiaceae, using molecular descriptors and self-organizing maps (SOMs). The 4115 different diterpenes corresponding to 6386 botanical occurrences, which are distributed in eight subfamilies, 66 genera, 639 different species and 4880 geographical locations, were added to SistematX. Molecular descriptors of diterpenes and their respective botanical occurrences were used to generate the SOMs. In all obtained maps, a match rate higher than 80% was observed, demonstrating a separation of the Lamiaceae subfamilies, corroborating with the morphological and molecular data proposed by Li et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Essential Oil Composition of Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) Collected from Different Locations in Libya
    THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BASIC SCIENCES & THEIR APPLICATIONS Code: Bota 115 Essential oil composition of Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) collected from different locations in Libya. Abdelbaset M.Asker*1, Salem A.Hassan2 and Baset E.S.Mohammed3 1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Omar Al Mukhtar University, Al Baida, Libya. 2Bioilogy Departmen( Botany ), Faculty of Science,Al-Margeb University 3School of Education,Biological Science, Omar Al Mukhtar University, Ghubah, Libya. Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT A The essential oil was extracted from the dried shoots of plant materials, twelve compounds were identified by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses revealed that essential oil contains mainly germacrene B, β-caryophyllene, Limonene, α-pinene, Germacrene D, β-Elemene, α-Copaene, α-Cadinol, Terpinen, Isoborneol, Camphene and Linalool. However, T. zanonii was specified by the presence of all assessed oils, while section Chamaedrys (T.barbeyanum) was characterized by the absence of α-pinene, α-cadinol and Isoborneol. Although, α- pinene and α-cadinol were also absent in T.polium subsp. flavovirens, these were detected in the two other forms of T.polium. Contrary, Linalool and Terpinen were detected in the two forms of T.polium and not detect in subspecies. The Terpinen is also undetected in T.brevifolium, T.campanulatum and T.fruticans, which are belonged to section Teucrium. Keywords: Teucrium, Lamiaceae Essential oil, GC/MS, Libya. Introduction Lamiaceae is a cosmopolitan family with more than containing about 236 genera and has been stated to contain 6900–7200 species [1]. Fifty percent of the known species restricted to ten genera; Clerodendrum, Hyptis, Nepeta, Plectranthus, Scutellaria, Salvia, Stachys, Thymus, Teucrium, and Vitex.
    [Show full text]
  • Leaf Architecture of Some Species of Clerodendrum Linnaeus Found in Assam, India
    Pleione 10(2): 288 - 296. 2016. ISSN: 0973-9467 © East Himalayan Society for Spermatophyte Taxonomy Leaf architecture of some species of Clerodendrum Linnaeus found in Assam, India Nibedita Das1 and S. K. Borthakur Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati – 781014, Assam, India 1Corresponding author: [email protected] [Received 28.10.2016; Revised 14.12.2016; Accepted 17.12.2016; Published 31.12.2016] Abstract Leaf architectural attributes of six species of Clerodendrum Linnaeus (sensu lato) [C. bracteatum Wallich ex Walpers; C. indicum (Linnaeus) Kuntze; C. inerme (Linnaeus) J.Gaertner (i.e. Volkameria inermis Linnaeus); C. laevifolium Blumea; C. serratum Moon (i.e. Rotheca serrata (Linnaeus) Steane & Mabberley); and C. trichotomum Thunberg], occurring naturally in Assam, were studied to ascertain their taxonomic relationships using leaf architectural characters. Different parameters like leaf attachment, petiole length, blade class, laminar shape, margin, apex and base, 20 and 30 vein categories, spacing and angle were studied. A dichotomous key of these species was constructed and detailed description based on the architectural characters for each species are provided. From the produced data no sufficient difference could be identifies to isolate Rotheca serrata and Volkameria inermis from Clerodendrum Linnaeus. Key words: Clerodendrum, Leaf architecture, Blade class, Vein category, Assam INTRODUCTION The genus Clerodendrum Linnaeus was placed under Verbenaceae in most of the angiosperm classifications (Bentham & Hooker 1862–1883; Cronquist 1981). But, in recent classifications, based mostly on molecular data, has re-classified the genus as a member of Lamiaceae (Chase & Reveal 2009; Haston et al. 2009). The genus was established in 1753 by Linnaeus based on the type species Clerodendrum infortunatum Linnaeus from India (Shrivastava & Patel 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • Clerodendrum Serratum : a Clinical Approach Received On: 31-01-2012 Revised On: 06-01-2012 Accepted On: 09-02-2012
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science 02 (02); 2012: 11-15 ISSN: 2231-3354 Clerodendrum serratum : A clinical approach Received on: 31-01-2012 Revised on: 06-01-2012 Accepted on: 09-02-2012 Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi ABSTRACT Clerodendrum serratum Linn. (Family: Verbenaceae) is very widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ethno-medicinal importance of the plant has been reported in various indigenous systems of medicines like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani for the treatment of various life-threatening diseases such as syphilis, typhoid, cancer, jaundice and Mukesh Kr. Singh, Gaurav Khare, hypertension. Some of the chief constituents found in the plant are D-mannitol, hispidulin, Shiv Kr. Iyer, Gotmi Sharwan and D. K. Tripathi cleroflavone, apigenin, scutellarein, serratagenic acid, acteoside, verbascoside, oleanolic acid, Rungta College of Pharmaceutical clerodermic acid, γ-sitosterol, β-sitosterol, cholestanol, clerosterol, campesterol and 24-ethyl Sciences & Research, Kohka Road, cholesterol. Traditionally, it has been also used as anti-rheumatic, anti-asthmatic, febrifuge, in Kurud, Bhilai-491024, India. cephalagia and ophthalmia. The roots of C. serratum are also used as anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal. Besides these the antimicrobial value of this herbal plant have also been reported in its stems and leaves. These reports are very encouraging and indicate that herb should be studied more expensively for its therapeutic benefits. Keywords: Clerodendrum serratum, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-hypertensive, anti-cancer, anti-syphilis. INTRODUCTION According to World Health Organization (WHO), medicinal plants would be the best source to obtain a variety of drugs.
    [Show full text]
  • Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Clerodendrum Serratum
    International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2018): 7.426 Anthelmintic Activity of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Clerodendrum Serratum Deepak J Kare Department of Pharmaceutics Shree Santkrupa Collage of Pharmacy, Ghogaon, Karad, Maharashtra, India - 415111 Abstract: Clerodendrum serratum Linn. (Family: Verbenaceae) is very widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ethno-medicinal importance of the plant has been reported in various indigenous systems of medicines like Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani for the treatment of various life-threatening diseases such as syphilis, typhoid, cancer, jaundice and hypertension. Some of the chief constituents found in the plant are D-mannitol, hispidulin, cleroflavone, apigenin, scutellarein, serratagenic acid, acteoside, verbascoside, oleanolic acid, clerodermic acid, γ-sitosterol, β-sitosterol, cholestanol, clerosterol, campesterol and 24-ethyl cholesterol. Traditionally, it has been also used as anti-rheumatic, anti-asthmatic, febrifuge, in cephalagia and ophthalmia. The roots of C. serratum are also used as anti-oxidant, anti- bacterial, and anti-fungal. Besides these the antimicrobial value of this herbal plant have also been reported in its stems and leaves. These reports are very encouraging and indicate that herb should be studied more expensively for its therapeutic benefits. Clerodendrum serratum is a shrub which is not much branched with stems. The root of the plant is attributed with various activities like anti- inflammatory, digestive and carminative and many more. It is used to treat the conditions like inflammations, anorexia, cough, asthma, hiccough, tubercular glands, skin diseases etc. Various minerals like Na, Mg, Al, Ca etc. saponins, terpenoids, D-mannitol are the phytoconstituents present in the plant.
    [Show full text]
  • A Remarkable New Species of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) from Madagascar
    A remarkable new species of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) from Madagascar Peter B. Phillipson & Lucile Allorge Abstract PHILLIPSON, P.B. & L. ALLORGE (2016). A remarkable new species of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) from Madagascar. Candollea 71 : 117-126. In English, English and French abstracts. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2016v711a14 A species new to science is formally described and named as Clerodendrum kamhyoae Phillipson & Allorge. It is the third species of Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) to be described from Madagascar that combines a long slender corolla tube with cauliflory, attributes that are uncommon in the genus. The prolific production of flowers along the trunk of the new species is quite extraordinary. Its possible relationships with other species of the genus are discussed and certain aspects of its reproductive biology are described. We provide line drawings, photographs and a distribution map for the new species, as well as an assessment of its conservation status using IUCN Categories and Criteria. Résumé PHILLIPSON, P.B. & L. ALLORGE (2016). Une remarquable nouvelle espèce de Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) de Madagascar. Candollea 71 : 117-126. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2016v711a14 Une espèce, nouvelle pour la science, est formellement décrite et nommée Clerodendrum kamhyoae Phillipson & Allorge. C’est la troisième espèce de Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae), décrite de Madagascar, qui combine une corolle à tube long et mince avec la cauliflorie, attributs qui sont rares dans le genre. La production prolifique de fleurs sur le tronc de la nouvelle espèce est tout à fait extraordinaire. Ses relations présumées avec d’autres espèces du genre sont abordées, ainsi que certains aspects de sa reproduction biologique y sont décrits.
    [Show full text]
  • Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-2018 Foraging Behavior, Taxonomy, and Morphology of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Zachary M. Portman Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons Recommended Citation Portman, Zachary M., "Foraging Behavior, Taxonomy, and Morphology of Bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), with an Emphasis on Perdita (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae)" (2018). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 7040. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7040 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FORAGING BEHAVIOR, TAXONOMY, AND MORPHOLOGY OF BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA), WITH AN EMPHASIS ON PERDITA (HYMENOPTERA: ANDRENIDAE) by Zachary M. Portman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Ecology Approved: _________________________ _________________________ Carol von Dohlen, Ph.D. Terry Griswold, Ph.D. Major Professor Project Advisor _________________________ _________________________ Nancy Huntly, Ph.D. Karen Kapheim, Ph.D. Committee Member Committee Member _________________________ _________________________ Luis Gordillo, Ph.D. Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2018 ii Copyright © Zachary M. Portman 2018 All Rights Reserved1 1 Several studies have been published previously and others remain to be submitted to peer-reviewed journals. As such, a disclaimer is necessary.
    [Show full text]
  • The Botanical, Chemical and Ethnobotanical Diversity of Southern African Lamiaceae
    molecules Review The Botanical, Chemical and Ethnobotanical Diversity of Southern African Lamiaceae Ryan D. Rattray and Ben-Erik Van Wyk * Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, P.O. Box 524, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +27-11-559-2412 Abstract: The Lamiaceae is undoubtedly an important plant family, having a rich history of use that spans the globe with many species being used in folk medicine and modern industries alike. Their ability to produce aromatic volatile oils has made them valuable sources of materials in the cosmetic, culinary, and pharmaceutical industries. A thorough account of the taxonomic diversity, chemistry and ethnobotany is lacking for southern African Lamiaceae, which feature some of the region’s most notable medicinal and edible plant species. We provide a comprehensive insight into the Lamiaceae flora of southern Africa, comprising 297 species in 42 genera, 105 of which are endemic to the subcontinent. We further explore the medicinal and traditional uses, where all genera with documented uses are covered for the region. A broad review of the chemistry of southern African Lamiaceae is presented, noting that only 101 species (34%) have been investigated chemically (either their volatile oils or phytochemical characterization of secondary metabolites), thus presenting many and varied opportunities for further studies. The main aim of our study was therefore to present an up-to-date account of the botany, chemistry and traditional uses of the family in southern Africa, and Citation: Rattray, R.D.; Van Wyk, to identify obvious knowledge gaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuytsia the Journal of the Western Australian Herbarium 28: 139–140 Published Online 12 April 2017
    K.A. Shepherd & K.R. Thiele, Teucrium disjunctum, a new name (Lamiaceae) 139 Nuytsia The journal of the Western Australian Herbarium 28: 139–140 Published online 12 April 2017 SHORT COMMUNICATION Teucrium disjunctum, a new name for Spartothamnella canescens (Lamiaceae) Teucrium disjunctum K.R.Thiele & K.A.Sheph., nom. nov. Spartothamnella canescens K.R.Thiele & K.A.Sheph., Nuytsia 24: 180–183 (2014). Type: Mount Riddock, Northern Territory, 13 September 1973, P.K. Latz 4310 (holo: DNA A0052527 (DNA 52527); iso: AD, BRI!, CANB!, NSW, PERTH 02527383!). Notes. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses of nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (ndhF, trnL intron + trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) sequences indicate that Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae) is paraphyletic with respect to the Australian genera Spartothamnella Briq. and Oncinocalyx F.Muell. and the New Zealand monotypic Teucridium Hook.f. (Salmaki et al. 2016). Only two samples of Spartothamnella were included in this study: S. teucrifolia (F.Muell.) Moldenke (G.J. Keighery & N. Gibson 1740, PERTH 04474341) and S. puberula (F.Muell.) Maiden & Betche (R.W. Purdie & D.E. Boyland 116, CANB 273128.1), the latter represented only by an ndhF sequence from a previous study by Steane et al. (2004). Despite the poor level of sampling, Spartothamnella was shown to be nested well within the ‘Teucrium core clade’ (which includes the type species T. fruticans L.) in the ndhF and combined trnL-F + ITS trees. Salmaki et al. (2016) highlighted shared synapomorphies among the four genera including: a similar pollen wall structure; radially symmetric, solitary flowers; an ovary that is lobed from a quarter to half its length; nutlets with an indumentum of hairs and glands.
    [Show full text]
  • Kladistische Untersuchung Mit Morphologischen Und Chemischen Merkmalen Zur Gliederung Der Lamiaceae
    Kladistische Untersuchung mit morphologischen und chemischen Merkmalen zur Gliederung der Lamiaceae Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau vorgelegt von Ulrike Linder aus Rathenow 2001 Dekan: Prof. Dr. R. Schubert Leiter der Arbeit: Prof. Dr. H. Rimpler Referent: Prof. Dr. H. Rimpler Korreferent: Prof. Dr. D. Vogellehner Tag der Bekanntgabe des Prüfungsergebnisses: 08. November 2001 Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde am Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie der Albert-Ludwigs- Universität Freiburg unter Leitung von Herrn Prof. Dr. H. Rimpler durchgeführt. Meinem Doktorvater danke ich sehr herzlich für die wissenschaftliche Betreuung. Er hat mit großem Interesse und Engagement den Werdegang meiner Arbeit verfolgt und mich in der Ausführung eigener Ideen unterstützt und gelenkt. Seine stete Diskussionsbereitschaft und die wertvollen Anregungen haben wesentlich zum Gelingen dieser Arbeit beigetragen. Herrn Prof. Dr. D. Vogellehner danke ich für sein Interesse an dieser Arbeit und die Übernahme des Korreferates. Bei Frau M. Schonhardt, Herrn Dr. M. Keller und besonders Herrn Dr. D. Hunkler (Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie) möchte ich mich herzlich für die Aufnahme der NMR-Spektren und die vielen praktischen Ratschläge im Umgang mit hydrolyseempfindlichen Substanzen bedanken. Herrn C. Warth und Herrn Dr. J. Wörth (Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie) möchte ich für die Aufnahmen der ESI-MS-Spektren und Frau M. Weber für die zahlreichen Aufnahmen der GC-MS-Spektren danken. Bei der Arbeitsgruppe für Zellbiologie unter Leitung von Herrn Prof. Dr. G. Neuhaus (Institut für Biologie II) möchte ich mich dafür bedanken, daß ich in ihren Räumen und mit ihren Geräten die Mikrotomschnitte anfertigen konnte.
    [Show full text]
  • Secondary Metabolites from Teucrium Creticum L
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE Rec. Nat. Prod. 15:6 (2021) 487-502 Secondary Metabolites from Teucrium creticum L. Azmi Hanoğlu 1, Duygu Yiğit Hanoğlu 2, Nilay Demirel 1, Hasan Soliman Yusufoğlu 3 and İhsan Çalış 1* 1Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Lefkoşa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus 2Near East University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Lefkoşa, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus 3Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Al-Kharj–11942, Saudi Arabia (Received December 29, 2020; Revised February 25, 2021; Accepted March 01, 2021) Abstract: From the aerial parts of Teucrium creticum L. (Lamiaceae) eight compounds, 1 – 8 were isolated using chromatographical methods. Based on the results of spectroscopical analysis such as UV, 1D-NMR (1H-, 13C-NMR, DEPT-135), 2D-NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) and HRMS, the structure of the compounds were determined as two iridoids, 8-O-acetylharpagide (1) and teuhircoside (2), two phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (= acteoside) (3) and lavandulifolioside (4), and four neoclerodane-type diterpenoids, teucrin H3 (= 19-acetylgnaphalin) (5), teucjaponin B (6), teucretol (7) and diacetylteumassilin (8). Keywords: Lamiaceae; Teucrium creticum; iridoids; phenylethanoid glycosides; neo-clerodane-type diterpenoids.© 2021 ACG Publications. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Lamiaceae, the sixth largest Angiosperm family, contains more than 245 genera and 7886 species, and it is distributed worldwide for numerous species economically and medicinally valued [1]. In the last two decades, an improvement has been presented for its subfamilial classification [2]. According to the recent reports, Ajugoideae, Lamioideae, Nepetoideae, Prostantheroideae, Scutellarioideae, Symphorematoideae, Viticoideae, Cymarioideae, Peronematoideae, Premnoideae, Callicarpoideae and Tectonoideae have been recognized as subfamilies of Lamiaceae.
    [Show full text]