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Bivalvia, Veneridae) Cainozoic Research, 7(1-2), pp. 69-72, April 2010 Globivenus barti n. sp. (Bivalvia, Veneridae) from the Neogene of The Netherlands ² Peter+W. Moerdijk¹ & George+F. Simons 'Kingstraat 14, 4336LG Middelburg, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Beneluxlaan 23, 4334 GH Middelburg, The Netherlands. Received 1 May 2009; revised version accepted 23 July 2009 Globivenus barti is described from material of the Westerschelde The Its strati- n. sp. dredged estuary (prov. Zeeland, Netherlands). has been recorded in boreholes but the it graphic provenance not yet or outcrops, given preservation state presumably derives from Early Pliocene deposits. KEY WORDS:: Globivenus, Neogene, Westerschelde, North Sea Basin, new species Introduction Other material studied - RGM 566382c, 3/2 from type locality, leg. A.C. Janse; n.n., 2/2 from Westerschelde near of book the fossil shells of the As part working on a on Baarland, coll. H.A.A. de Jong; 1/2 from same locality, Dutch beaches and estuaries, foreseen in 2010, venerid coll. G.F. Simons; 5/2 from same locality, coll. A.C. Rij- bivalves studied. fossil venerid shells 5/2 from coll. 1/2 were Some dredged ken; same locality, A.P. Goetheer; n.n., from the Westerschelde (The Netherlands) could not be Westerschelde, material from “Rug van Baarland”, 1/2, attributed to any of the known fossil or recent species of coll. A.P. Goetheer. Veneridae. The shells are attributed here to a new species, Globivenus barti - n. sp. Diagnosis A Globivenus with a protruding umbo and moderately impressed lunule. Systematic Palaeontology Description - The shell is very convex when viewed from the side; a pair would make a heart-shaped outline. The Veneroidea 1815 Superfamily Rafinesque, shell is about as long as high. The lunule is impressed, Veneridae 1815 Family Rafinesque, partly concave but convex near the beaks (outline s- Subfamily Venerinae Rafinesque, 1815 circumscribed shaped), by a narrow groove. The poorly Genus Globivenus Coen, 1934 Venus (type-species effossa delimitedescutcheon can be observed in the right valve, Philippi, 1836, Recent, Mediterranean) but is hard to determinefor the left valve because all ofthe studied right valves are too much decorticated and/or worn. The large protruding umbo is prosogyrate. The antero- Globivenus barti n. sp. dorsal margin is convex, the anterior margin is narrowly 1-3 Figures rounded. The ventral and posterior margins are evenly the outline of half circle rounded, describing nearly a (c. material - RGM 566382a valve, The is from the Type (holotype): right 170°). posterior margin separated postero- in Westerschelde near dredged Ellewoutsdijk (Zeeland, dorsal margin by a rounded edge. The delimitationof the The Netherlands), leg. A.C. Janse (Fig. 1); RGM 566382b, ventraland posterior margins is subrounded. The sculpture left A.C. Janse (paratype) valve, same locality, leg. (Fig. ofall studied valves is eroded to a considerableextent, but valve, in 3); RGM 566381 (paratype), right dredged as far as it can be observed it consists of robust irregular Westerschelde near Baarland (Zeeland, The Netherlands), commarginal ripples covered with microscopically fine leg. P.W. Moerdijk (Fig. 2). commarginal threads. - 70- 1-3. Globivenus bar 1 All Westerschelde and Figures barti n. sp. Scale cm. dredgedfrom the presumably of an Early Pliocene age. (1) RGM 566382a (holotype), RV, Westerschelde near Ellewoutsdijk (Prov. Zeeland,The Netherlands), leg. A.C. Janse: (a) external internal frontal detailoffrontal view. view, (b) view, (c) view, (d) (2) RGM 566381 (paratype), RV, Westerschelde near Baarland (Zeeland, The Netherlands), leg. P.W. Moerdijk: (a) external view, (b) internal view. (3) RGM 566382b (paratype), from type lo- cality, leg. A.C. Janse: (a) internal view, (b) external view, (c) frontal view. The commarginal sculpture is overlain by a pattern offaint developed. The left valve (LV) also contains three cardinal radial riblets of variable dimensions (Fig. Id). Where the teeth, the middle of which contains a radial groove. The outer layer is eroded, the surface of the shell is covered anterior lateral tooth on the LV has a reduced knob-like with a fine regular radial sculpture. The base of the hinge outline. Adductor scars are about equal in size. The pallial plate is markedly curved upward behind the cardinal part sinus is triangular and short. The interior of the ventral of the hinge. The right valve (RV) hinge contains three margin is finely crenulated. cardinal teeth of which the anterior lateral tooth is poorly - 71 - Dimensions -All dimensions are in mm. RGM 566382a: cies all fit the genus Globivenus. H W SD RGM 566382b: H In the the Westerschelde the Pliocene 27; 27; (semidiameter) 10; 34; deeper parts Late W 35.5; SD 14; RGM 566381: H 25; B 25; SD 12. OosterhoutFormation and the BredaFormation, consisting of Miocene as well as Early Pliocene sediments, are ex- Derivatio nominis - Named after mr. H.A.A. (Bart) de posed. Shell fishing in the Westerschelde supplies tertiary Jong (Middelburg, The Netherlands), a collectorof fossil fossil shells of mainly Pliocene age. Middle Miocene and shells who showed us the shell that convinced us that this older shells occur as well, but they are very scarce. Fossils is not identical with species Venus casina pseudoturgida of a Late Mioceneage are not rare, but less abundantthan (d'Orbigny, 1852). Pliocene shells. However, all alleged Late Miocenespecies calcitic are (e.g., pectinid and gryphaeid species). That - fauna lacks the Type locality and stratum typicum The holotype derives aragonitic species, such as studied venerids. This decalcificiation is feature in Miocene from the Westerschelde near Ellewoutsdijk (prov. Zeeland, common Late faunas found in in the The Netherlands), coordinates approximately 51°22’ N, outcrops Antwerp area (Belgium). The Westerschelde shells studied with- 3°50’ E. Since the material is suckerdredged, its strati- (18 specimens) are out bleached, decorticated and worn. This graphic provenance is uncertain. Based on the preservation exception type of of the shells is characteristic for fossil (see Discussion below) an Early Pliocene age is most preservation Westerschelde shells of Pliocene such likely, although a Late Miocene age cannot be ruled out. an Early age, as Glycymeris obovata ringelei Moerdijk & Van Nieulande, 2000, Astarte omalii omalii (De La Jonkaire, 1823) and Differentiation - Several authors have included Pliocene Venus casinapseudoturgida. Stratigraphic shells venerids from theNorth Sea Basin in their work (Sowerby, younger from the Westerschelde are generally much better 1812-1846;Nyst, 1845,1881; Wood, 1856; Heering, 1950; pre- served. A Mioceneorigin cannot be excluded, but the most Glibert, 1945,1958, Janssen etal., 1984). They all mention likely stratigraphic of G. barti in of the some venerid species resembling venerids found in the age consequence state of preservation is Early Pliocene. Dutch Westerschelde. These are Clausinella imbricata (Sowerby, 1826) forma gibberosa (Wood, 1853), Venus (Dosina) casina pseudoturgida (d'Orbigny, 1852) and Acknowledgements Venus (Ventricoloidea) multilamella (Lamarck, 1818). Globivenusbarti differs from all these species by the im- We thank A.P. Goetheer (Ovezande), H.A.A. de pressed, partly concave lunule and by the ornament. At Jong (Middelburg), F.A.D. van Nieulande and A.C. Rijken least in the anterior part of the shell commarginal ripples (Middelburg) for making theirmaterialavailable for study. instead of clear commarginal lamellae or ribs are present, We are thankful to A.C. Janse (Brielle) for providing two as well as a faintbut unmistakableradialpattern. The hinge ofthe type-specimens. Dr. F. Wesselingh (Naturalis, Lei- of G. barti is quite similar to that of V. casina forma den) is thanked for improvements ofearlier drafts of this pseudoturgida, but it is less robust and the nymph is com- for literature and for the excellent paratively shorter. The anterior lateral tooth of the left paper, photographs. valve is better developed in G. barti than in Clausinella imbricata, whereas it is shorter than in V. multilamella. References In extreme forms of Clausinella imbricata forma gib- berosa and Venus casinapseudoturgida the lunulecan also Coan, E.V., Valentich Scott, P. & Bernard, F.R. 2000. Bivalve be somewhat concave, but never to such a degree as in the seashells of Western North America. Marine Bivalve Mol- new species described here. lusks from Arctic Canada to Baja California.Santa Barbara Similarities with the extant Mediterranean and Eastern Museum ofNatural History. Monograph no. 2. Studies of Atlantic Globivenus effossa (Philippi, 1836) also exist. biodiversity no. 2. However, the lunula of the latter species is much deeper, Gilbert, M. 1945. Faune Malacologique du Miocene de la Bel- whereas the ventral margin follows about200° of a circle I. gique. Pelecypodes. Memoires duMusee royal d’histoire na- instead of 170° in G. barti. the umboof G. c. Furthermore, turelle de Belgique, 103.266 pp., 12 pis. is broad and and the shell is effossa depressed rather globu- Gilbert, M. 1958. Pelecypodes du Diestien, du Scaldisien et du lar than heart-shaped in frontalview. Merxemien de la Belgique: 3me note. Bulletin de Vlnstitut royal de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 44: 1-27, 2 pis. Janssen, A.W., Peelers, G.A. & Van der Slik, L. 1984. Defossiele - Discussion Globose Venerinae are attributed to the gen- schelpen van de Nederlandse stranden en zeegaten, tweede Ventricolaria and era Keen, 1945, Globivenus. According 8 serie, (slot). Basteria, Vol. 48, no. 4-5. 219 pp., 94 pis. to Keen (1969), Globivenus differs from Ventricolaria by Keen, A. M. 1969. In: Les- Superfamily Veneracea, pp. 670-690. its channeled lunule, whilethe escutcheon is not bevelled lie Reginald Cox et al.. PartN [Bivalvia], Mollusca6, vols. 1 in the left valve. Coan et al. consider Ventricolaria (2000) and 2: xxxvii Part C. + 952 pp. of Raymond Moore, ed.. to be a of Globivenus because ofthe minor dif- synonym Treatise on invertebrate paleontology. Lawrence, Kansas ferences between the followtheir ofview & genera. We point (Geological Society of America University of Kansas).
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