DOCSLIB.ORG

Development of Genetic Improvement in the African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus, Burchell, 1822)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Development of Genetic Improvement in the African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) Development of Genetic Improvement in the African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Suleiman Ihiabe Isa Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK January 2019 Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture 1 Declaration I declare that this thesis has been compiled entirely by me based on research I carried out. It has not been submitted for award of another degree or certificate elsewhere. All information and other sources of assistance have been duly acknowledged. Suleiman Ihiabe Isa January, 2019 Signature of Candidate ---------------------------------------------------------- Signature of First Supervisor ---------------------------------------------------------- Signature of Second Supervisor -------------------------------------------------------- 2 Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture Acknowledgements I give praises and gratitude to God Almighty, for preserving my life and giving the ability to complete this journey. What a journey! This journey would not be complete and memorable without acknowledging the people that made the journey possible and rewarding. I am indeed very indebted to my Principal Supervisor, Dr David James Penman, who to me is more than supervisor, but also considered guardian, a mentor and a father. Without your patience, generous support, guidance, scholastic supervision, empathy and encouragement, this experience would never have been the same. I sincerely acknowledge and appreciate your of depth of knowledge, enthusiasm, quick, constructive and valuable feedbacks, and contribution to this research. Words cannot express my appreciation for your kindness. Thank you for always being there for me. I will like to thank my supervisor Dr John Taggart. Sir, permit me to call you “Stirling’s father of molecular biology”. You thought me a lot in the lab, including how to think – yes, how to think about causes of problems and possible solutions in molecular biology. I am indeed very grateful for your intellectual stimulation, time and involvement in my studies. Thank you both for the assistance during illness and bereavement. My sincere appreciation goes to my supervisor –retired, Prof. Brendan McAndrew for the support during the PhD and for the books. Thank you for your kindness. I will also like to also thank Prof. Graham Mair (External Supervisor) and Dr Andrew Davie (Internal Supervisor) for doing a very thorough job of enriching this research work with very constructive and valuable inputs. Thanks vey much for the details. Many thanks to Dr Michael Bekaert, for all the bioinformatics and timely support. I really appreciate your assistance. My special gratitude goes to Dr Kerry Bartie. You taught me how to take the first step in a molecular biology lab (DNA extraction), and assisted me all through to the end of my PhD. I owe a lot to you, thank you. I will like to express my profound gratitude to Dr Sarah-Louise Counter Selly. Your commitment, patience, and ability to simplify stuff for a beginner is exceptional, and I am indeed very grateful. I will also like to thank all the staff and students of the reproduction and genetics group Prof. Harve Migaud, Dr Andrew Davie, Dr John Taylor, Dr Stefano Carboni, Jacquie Ireland, Dr Robyn Harris, Mikey Clarkson and Yewah Jin for the good time and for the valuable inputs at one stage or the other in my PhD. A special thanks to Melanie Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture 3 Cruikshan, Prof. David Little, Prof. Simon Mackenzie, Prof. Brett Glencross, Prof. T. C. Telfer, Prof. Sandra Adams, Prof. James Bron, Mr William Leschen, Dr John Bostock, Dr Francis Murray, Dr Armin, Dr Monica Betancor, James Dick, Fiona, Keith, Greme, Anda Kilpatrick, Sandra Tulloch and all the other staff of the institute who have made my stay here a memorable one. Thank you. Having spent such a long time here, my list of people to acknowledge is equally very long. I will like to thank the following friends and families with whom this experience was shared. My profound gratitude goes to Mr Merajuddin and his family for such a wonderful time, Mr Ian Hogg and family, Dr Ma’amun Abdullah and family, Dr Taslima Khanam and family, Dr Aisha Ambu Ali and family, Dr Aliya Al-Gapshi and family, Dr Geuseppe Paldini, Dr Olga R. and their lovely kid, Dr Khalid Shahin and family, Dr Ahmed El-Keish and family, Dr Munnever Oral, Dr janielle Wallace, Dr Amjad Ullah, Dr Kamran and family, Dr Sayfudden, Dr Julliet Nattabi, Khalfan, Atif Al-Balusi, Aqila Junaid, Claudia, Carolina, Jadwiga and others, whose name I have unintentionally omitted. Thank you all for the amazing experience. My Nigerian folks, Dr Angela Oboh, Isah Lawal, Elizabeth Buba and family, Suleiman Yakubu Omale and family, Ekpeki Akpo and family, thank you so much for the wonderful time. “I dey hail una”. To my beloved parents Late Alhaji Isah Ihiabe and Maryam Isa Ihiabe, I am very grateful for the sacrifice, upbringing, wisdom, patience discipline, care, unconditional love, support and prayers. You made me who I am today. Words cannot express my gratitude. Thanks for the grit Mom and I miss you Dad. To my siblings, thank you so much for the peace, love, sacrifice and wonderful kinship. To my beloved wife, my friend and my companion. Thank you so much for the patience, love, understanding and prayers. You stood by me during the highs and lows of this journey. I am really grateful. My daughter Maryam I. I. Suleiman and son Isa I. I. Suleiman, thanks for making me smile on a rough day. I will like to thank the UK Commonwealth Scholarship commission for funding mu PhD and taking care of me during my illness. To the doctors and nurses at Airthery Park Medical Centre and Forth-Valley Royal hospital, thank you for diagnosing and treating my illness. I am cured of cancer. Thank you. I will also like to thank the immediate past DGs of NABDA, Prof. Lucy Jummai Ogbadu, for your support and for believing in me. To the 4 Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture present DG, Prof. Alex Akpa and the management of NABDA, thank you for the study leave and for the funding received. To Abubakar Isah, Salihu Isa, Umar Isa, Abdulqadir Adam, Tahir Nuhu, Abubakar Alhassan Muhammad, Emmanuel Oje, Jibrin and Nnnake Agbam, thanks for the support. Finally, I will like to thank Prof. B.M.B. Ladu, Prof. A. Y. Ribadu, Prof. B. O. Solomon, Mal. Sadiq, Mr Segun Adeyemi, Dr Ilyasu Jauro, Prof. A. B. Haruna and once again Prof. Lucy Jummai Ogbadu for the tutorship during my undergraduate studies and guidance in my carrier. Thank you. Suleiman Ihiabe Isa January, 2019. Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture 5 Dedication Dedicated To The Departed Soul of My Beloved Father (Alh. Isah Ihiabe) 6 Suleiman I. Isa Institute of Aquaculture Abstract The African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, is the most important fish species for aquaculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite its long-standing history in aquaculture (since the 1950’s) and current rapid expansion, little work has been done on its genetics and the genetic management/improvement of different populations globally. The industry, currently worth over USD 720 million in Nigeria, and with so much more growth potential, is faced with numerous challenges. To understand the extent of these challenges and possible areas/types of intervention, the Nigerian catfish aquaculture industry was reviewed. Inadequate supply of good quality fingerlings/broodstock and feeds were notably the most significant challenges. As a step towards addressing the former, a survey of the current practise in catfish hatcheries was conducted, to identify problems and prospects therein. Over 90% of the hatcheries surveyed use shooters (fast growers) as broodstock, use only farmed broodstock and have no broodstock management/replacement programmes. Findings from these studies informed research on the development of genetic improvement for C. gariepinus. Just as in salmon, tilapia, carp, etc., the use of molecular markers as tools for genetic management and improvement of C. gariepinus was explored. Problem-solving markers, separating C. gariepinus from its closest relative, C. anguillaris, were developed. A total of 24 diagnostic SNP markers were identified from double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq). Following validation using KASP assay, 8 of the 24 SNPs were tested on a total of 291 Clarias catfishes and 7 Heterobranchus longifilis (out groups). The Clarias samples were separated into 259 putative C. gariepinus and 32 putative C. anguillaris. These are the first diagnostic markers for separating these species, for which morphological features perform poorly (effectively cryptic species). A set of eight new microsatellite markers was developed from the ddRADseq data and microsatellite enrichment. These microsatellite markers, together with four others sourced from the literature were optimised, multiplexed and used to genotype populations of C. gariepinus being evaluated for suitability for aquaculture. Although incomplete (due to problems with parental DNA quality), preliminary assessment of the assignment power by simulation shows that over 90% of the offspring could be assigned to a pair of parents. The high parentage assignment power and polymorphic information content (>0.5), suggest the usability and reliability of these markers in genetic management and improvement in the Clarias catfish industry, enabling parental assignment and kinship studies, and for evaluation of practices such as the use
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Two Strains of Clariid Fish Species in Kano State, Nigeria Using Microsatellite Markers
    MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO STRAINS OF CLARIID FISH SPECIES IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS BY Ibrahim Onotu SULEIMAN DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA, NIGERIA. AUGUST, 2017 MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TWO STRAINS OF CLARIID FISH SPECIES IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS BY Ibrahim Onotu SULEIMAN B. AGRIC (FUNAAB) 2004, MSc ANIMAL SCIENCE (BUK) 2011 (PhD/AGRIC/29738/12-13) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN ANIMAL SCIENCE (ANIMAL GENETICS AND BREEDING) DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA AUGUST, 2017 ii DECLARATION I declare that the work in this thesis entitled ―MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OFTWO STRAINS OF CLARIID FISH SPECIES IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS” has been carried out by me in the Department of Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Nigeria. The information derived from the literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and list of references provided. No part of this dissertation was previously presented for another degree at this or any other Institution. Ibrahim Onotu Suleiman ------------------------------------ --------------------------- Name of student Signature Date iii CERTIFICATION This dissertation entitled ―MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OFTWO STRAINS OF CLARIID FISH SPECIES IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA USING MICROSATELLITE MARKERS”by Ibrahim Onotu SULEIMAN meets the regulations governing the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science of Ahmadu Bello University, and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Afunctional Morphological Approach to the Cranial Ontogeny Ofthe African Catfish, Clarias Gariepinus (Siluriformes,Clariidae)
    Faculteit Academiejaar Wetenschappen 1997/1998 UNIVERSITEIT GENT On how a larva becomes an adult catfish a functional morphological approach to the cranialontogeny of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes, Clariidae) Van larvale tot adulte katvis eenfunctioneel-morfologische benadering vande craniale ontogenie van de Afrikaanse katvis, Clarias gariepinus (Siluriformes, Clariidae) PART I TEXT Dominique Adriaens Thesis submitted to obtain the degree of Rector: Prof. Dr. ir. J. Willems Doctor in Sciences (Biology) Decaan: Prof. Dr. W. De Breuck Proefschrift voorgedragen tot het bekomen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen (Biologie) Promotor: Prof. Dr. W. Verraes Contents i Acknowledgements - Dankwoord Part I - General introduction Chapter I.1 – History and aims..................................................................................................................................1 I.1.1 - HISTORY ............................................................................................................................................ 1 I.1.2 - AIMS ................................................................................................................................................ 2 Chapter I.2 - Material and methods.........................................................................................................................4 I.2.1 - ONTOGENETIC SERIES OF CLARIAS GARIEPINUS ............................................................................... 4 I.2.2 - MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTIONS.....................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Importance of Climate Change and Other Drivers Planning for Aquaculture
    FAO ISSN 2070-6103 47 FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE PROCEEDINGS FAO FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE PROCEEDINGS 47 47 Planning for aquaculture diversification: the importance of climate change and other drivers Planning for aquaculture FAO Technical Workshop diversification: the importance of Planning for aquaculture diversification: the importance of climate change and other drivers Planning for aquaculture 23–25 June 2016 FAO Rome, Italy climate change and other drivers Aquaculture is the world’s most diverse farming system in terms of number of species, methods and the environments where the FAO Technical Workshop farms are located. These proceedings report the results of a 23–25 June 2016 workshop convened by FAO and World Fisheries Trust (Canada) to FAO Rome, Italy summarize diversification successes and opportunities in North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Africa, and to identify general principles that can help guide diversification in aquaculture.The document includes an assessment of main strategies and future steps for aquaculture diversification, not only in terms of purely economic costs but also in development costs, including evaluation and mitigation of environmental and social impacts and establishment of species-specific biosecurity frameworks. ISBN 978-92-5-109788-5 ISSN 2070-6103 COMING SOON FAO 9 789251 097885 I7358EN/1/06.17 Cover design: José Luis Castilla Civit FAO FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE PROCEEDINGS 47 Planning for aquaculture diversification: the importance of climate change and other drivers FAO Technical Workshop 23–25 June 2016 FAO Rome, Italy Edited by Brian Harvey President Fugu Fisheries Ltd. Nanaimo, Canada Doris Soto Senior Scientist, INCAR, the Republic of Chile Former Senior Aquaculture Officer, FAO, Rome Puerto Montt, the Republic of Chile Joachim Carolsfeld Executive Director World Fisheries Trust Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Malcolm Beveridge Acting Branch Head, FIAA FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy and Devin M.
    [Show full text]
  • Subsistence Fish Farming in Africa: a Technical Manual
    ACF INTERNATIONAL Subsistence fish farming in Africa: a technical manual Yves FERMON In collaboration with: Aımara Cover photos: Ö Top right: Tilapia zillii - © Anton Lamboj Ö Top left: Pond built by ACF in DRC, 2008 - © François Charrier Ö Bottom: Beneficiaries in front of the pond they have built. Liberia, ASUR, 2006 - © Yves Fermon ii Subsistence fishfarming in Africa Subsistence fishfarming in Africa OBJECTIVES OF THE MANUAL Ö The objective of this manual is to explain how to build facilities that produce ani- mal protein — fish — using minimal natural resources and minimal external supplies. These fish are being produced for the purpose of subsistence. Ö It is possible to produce edible fish in a short time and at a low cost in order to to compensate for a lack of animal protein available in a community and to do so sustai- nably. However, facilities must be adapted to the environmental context. This manual is a guide for: ¾ Program managers and their technical teams; ¾ Managers at headquarters who are monitoring program success. This manual covers: Ö The different stages of starting of a «fish farming» program As soon as teams arrive on the ground, they must evaluate the resources available, the needs of the population, and existing supplies. This assessment is followed by the technical work of ins- talling fish ponds. When this is done, the next stage is to manage and monitor the ponds and the production of fish. Ö Constraints on field workers The determination of whether fish farming is appropriate in a particular location and if so, of which type, will depend upon many environmental variables.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetics and Aquaculture in Africa Actes Du Colloque Génétique Et Aquaculture En Afrique Abidjan, 1" - 4 Avril 1997
    Genetics and Aquaculture in Africa Actes du colloque Génétique et aquaculture en Afrique Abidjan, 1" - 4 avril 1997 Genetics and Aquaculture in Arica Éditeur scientifique Jean-François Agnèse Éditions de 1'Orstom INSTITUT FRANçAIS DE RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE POUR LE DNELOPPEMENT EN COOPERATION collection Colloqueset séminaires Paris, 1998 Mise en page SBbastien LavouB,Jean-Franpis Agnèse Traduction Suzanne 6tBm6, Ziriga OtBmB, Jean-FranqoisAgnkse Fabrication Catherine Plasse Maquette de couwerture Michelle Saint-LBger Maquette int6rieure Catherine Plasse Photo de couverture OrstomNean-Franpis Agnh : qt Sarotherodon melanotheron de Côte d'Ivoire 9>. La loi duler juillet 1992 (code lela proprieté intellectuelle, premibre partie) n'autorisant, aux termes des alinkas2 et 3 de l'article L. 122-5, d'une part, queles 4 copies ou reproductions strictement r6sewées B l'usage du copiste etnon destinees B une utilisation collective2% et, d'autre part, que les analyses les et courtes citations dansle butd'exemple ou d'illustration, ee toute repr6sentaltion ou reproduction intégrale ou partielle faite sans le consentement de l'auteur ou de se5 ayants droit ou ayants cause, est illicite>> (alin6a ler de l'article L. 122-4). Cette repr6sentation ou reproduction, par quelque procede que ce soit, constituerait donc une contrefaçon passible despeines prevues au titre 111 de la loi prkcitbe. 8 Orstsm Bditisns, 1998 ISSN 0767-2896 ISBN : 2-7099-1390-9 Remerciements La préparation et la réalisation communication cequi m’a de ces premières rencontres permis de réaliser cet ouvrage. intitulées a Génétique et La traduction des textes a été aquaculture en Afrique B ont été confiée à Suzanne OTEME assurées par leCentre de (secondée de Ziriga OTEME)qui recherches océanologiques a effectué avecrapidité (malgré d’Abidjan.
    [Show full text]
  • Uticaj Smeša Koncentrata Sa Različitim Učešćem Proteina I Masti Na Prirast I Konverziju Hrane U Ishrani Mlađi Šarana (Cyprinus Carpio, L., 1758)
    UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU POLJOPRIVREDNI FAKULTET Marko B. Stanković Uticaj smeša koncentrata sa različitim učešćem proteina i masti na prirast i konverziju hrane u ishrani mlađi šarana (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) doktorska disertacija Beograd, 2013. UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE Marko B. Stanković Effects of mixtures containing different protein and fat levels on growth and feed conversion ratio of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) fry Doctoral Dissertation Belgrade, 2013 Komisija za ocenu i odbranu: Mentor: dr Zoran Marković, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu−Poljoprivredni fakultet Ĉlanovi komisije: dr Goran Grubić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu−Poljoprivredni fakultet dr Vesna Poleksić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu−Poljoprivredni fakultet dr Nada Lakić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu−Poljoprivredni fakultet dr Ivana Ţivić, docent Univerzitet u Beogradu−Biološki fakultet Datum odbrane: _____________________ Posebnu zahvalnost želim da izrazim svom mentoru, dr Zoranu Markoviću, red. prof., koji me je uveo u svet akvakulture i nesebično mi preneo svoje znanje iz ove oblasti. Zahvalan sam mu na strpljenju, razumevanju i prijateljskoj podršci koju mi je pružio tokom svih faza izrade ove doktorske disertacije. Zbog velikodušne mudrosti i neprocenjive pomoći i podrške u izradi ove disertacije veliku zahvalnost dugujem dr Vesni Poleksć, red. prof. Zahvaljujem i dr Ivani Živić, doc. i dr Goranu Grubiću, red. prof., na pomoći pri izvođenju eksperimentalnog dela, kao i korisnim savetima i sugestijama koji su doprineli poboljšanju kvaliteta završne verzije teksta. Najiskrenije se zahvaljujem dr Nadi Lakić, red. prof. tokom statističke obrade podataka i finalne verzije teksta. Posebno se zahvaljujem svojim kolegama, dr Zorki Dulić, doc., Božidaru Raškoviću, dipl. inž., Zorici Radović, teh.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of a Workshop on the Development of a Genetic Improvement Program for African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus
    PROCEEDINGS | 1889 Proceedings of a Workshop on the Development of a Genetic Improvement Program for African Catfish Clarias gariepinus Edited by R.W. Ponzoni and N.H. Nguyen Reducing poverty and hunger by improving fisheries and aquaculture www.worldfishcenter.org Proceedings of a Workshop on the Development of a Genetic Improvement Program for African Catfi sh Clarias gariepinus Accra, Ghana, 5-9 November 2007 Edited by Raul W. Ponzoni Nguyen Hong Nguyen The WorldFish Center 2008 This document should be cited as: Ponzoni, R.W. and N.H. Nguyen (eds). 2008. Proceedings of a Workshop on the Development of a Genetic Improvement Program for African catfish Clarias gariepinus. WorldFish Center Conference Proceedings Number 1889. The WorldFish Center, Penang, Malaysia. 130 p. Editors’ affiliations: Raul W. Ponzoni: The WorldFish Center, Penang, Malaysia Nguyen Hong Nguyen: The WorldFish Center, Penang, Malaysia ISBN: 978-983-2346-68-5 WorldFish Center Contribution Number: 1889 Cover photograph (front): Dr. Randall Brummett (rear): Dr. Mahmoud Rezk Layout and design by: CIMMYT Printed by: Delimax (M) Sdn. Bhd., Penang A PDF copy of the publication is available from: www.worldfishcenter.org © 2008 The WorldFish Center Published by: The WorldFish Center, P.O. Box 500 GPO, Penang, Malaysia All rights reserved. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without the permission of the copyright holders provided that due acknowledgement of the source is given. This publication may not be copied or distributed electronically for resale or other commercial purposes without prior permission, in writing, from The WorldFish Center.
    [Show full text]
  • Canibalismo Em Peixes
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA DE AMBIENTES AQUÁTICOS CONTINENTAIS LARISSA STRICTAR PEREIRA Canibalismo em peixes Maringá 2016 LARISSA STRICTAR PEREIRA Canibalismo em peixes Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais do Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Ambientais. Área de concentração: Ciências Ambientais Orientador: Prof. Dr. Angelo Antonio Agostinho Maringá 2016 "Dados Internacionais de Catalogação-na-Publicação (CIP)" (Biblioteca Setorial - UEM. Nupélia, Maringá, PR, Brasil) Pereira, Larissa Strictar, 1987- P436c Canibalismo em peixes / Larissa Strictar Pereira. -- Maringá, 2016. 185 f. : il. Tese (doutorado em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais)--Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Dep. de Biologia, 2016. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Angelo Antonio Agostinho. 1. Peixes teleósteos - Canibalismo - Comportamento. 2. Peixes teleósteos - Canibalismo - Gradiente de diversidade. 3. Peixes teleósteos - Predação intraespecífica. I. Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. CDD 23. ed. -597.153 NBR/CIP - 12899 AACR/2 Maria Salete Ribelatto Arita CRB 9/858 João Fábio Hildebrandt CRB 9/1140 LARISSA STRICTAR PEREIRA Canibalismo em Peixes Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais do Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Ambientais pela Comissão Julgadora composta pelos membros: COMISSÃO JULGADORA Prof. Dr. Angelo Antonio Agostinho (UEM) Nupélia/Universidade Estadual de Maringá (Presidente) Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Aquaculture of African Catfishes (Teleostei, Siluroidei)
    Biodiversity and aquaculture ofAfrican catfishes (Teleostei, Siluroidei): an overview Guy G. Teugels lchthyologist Germain Gourène lchthyologist Catfishes are a large group ofpredominantly freshwater fishes. TEUGELS (1996) listed 33 fandies, with 416 generaand 2484 species. The systematics of catfishes however, are far from being completely known. Especially in South America and in South-East Asia, several new species and evennew genera are regularly being discovered. Therefore total taxa numbers continuously change. The most recent estimates include 32 fandies, 4i8 genera and 2612 species. Catfishes belong to the Siluriformes, one of the four orders of the Ostariophysi (Fm and Fm, 1981) includingalso Gonorynchiformes (ndkfkhes, etc.), Cypriniformes (carps, suckers, etc.) andCharaciformes (piranhas, etc). Ostariophysi are recognized in particular by a notable modification of the anterior four or five vertebrae (three in Gonorynchiformes) into the so-called Weberian apparatus,a conkection of alternating ligaments and smallbones between the gas bladderand the oticcapsule (CHARDON, 1968). It has an important role in sound perception and its developmentin Ostariophysi is undoubtedy related to their almost exclusive occurrence iniï-eshwater, where ofien limited visibility reduees Wsud perception. Within the Siluriformes, caffishes belongto the suborder Siluroidei. FI" and FNC (1981) md ARRATIA (1992) listeel several synapmorphies to demonstrate the monophyly of this group most of them based on osteological features. pin important variation exists in the externd nmphology of eatfishes and it is therefore di-ffieultto give a standard definition. General charaeters include the absence of seales (although in some South herican families the body is csvered with bony scutes), md the presence of up to four pairs 0.F ciremoral barbels, used for the deteetion of food.
    [Show full text]