Early Middle Devonian
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A New Species of Tiaracrinus from the Latest Emsian of Morocco and Its Phylogeny
A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny CHRISTIAN KLUG, KENNETH DE BAETS, CAROLE JUNE NAGLIK, and JOHNNY WATERS Klug, C., De Baets, K., Naglik, C.J., and Waters, J. 2014. A new species of Tiaracrinus from the latest Emsian of Morocco and its phylogeny. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 59 (1): 135–145. We describe a new species of the unusual crinoid Tiaracrinus, T. jeanlemenni sp. nov. from the latest Emsian of the fa- mous mudmound locality Hamar Laghdad, Morocco. It differs from the previously known species in the higher number of ribs and the vaulted rib-fields, which is corroborated by the comparison of simple quantitative characters and ratios as well as by the results of a cluster analysis and a Principal Component Analysis. Based on the new material and the published specimens, we discuss the phylogeny of the genus and suggest that T. oehlerti and T. moravicus represent the ancestral forms of this small clade. Key words: Crinoidea, mudmounds, phylogeny, morphometry, symmetry, Devonian, Morocco. Christian Klug [[email protected]] and Carole J. Naglik [[email protected]], Paläontologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich, Karl Schmid-Strasse 4, CH-8006 Zürich, Switzerland; Kenneth De Baets [[email protected]], GeoZentrum Nordbayern, Fachgruppe PaläoUmwelt, Universität Erlan- gen, Loewenichstr. 28, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; Johnny Waters [[email protected]], Department of Geology, Appalachian State University, ASU Box 32067, Boone, NC 28608-2067, USA. Received 30 November 2011, accepted 4 June 2012, available online 6 June 2012. Copyright © 2014 C. Klug et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
New Siberian Islands Archipelago)
Detrital zircon ages and provenance of the Upper Paleozoic successions of Kotel’ny Island (New Siberian Islands archipelago) Victoria B. Ershova1,*, Andrei V. Prokopiev2, Andrei K. Khudoley1, Nikolay N. Sobolev3, and Eugeny O. Petrov3 1INSTITUTE OF EARTH SCIENCE, ST. PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITETSKAYA NAB. 7/9, ST. PETERSBURG 199034, RUSSIA 2DIAMOND AND PRECIOUS METAL GEOLOGY INSTITUTE, SIBERIAN BRANCH, RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, LENIN PROSPECT 39, YAKUTSK 677980, RUSSIA 3RUSSIAN GEOLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (VSEGEI), SREDNIY PROSPECT 74, ST. PETERSBURG 199106, RUSSIA ABSTRACT Plate-tectonic models for the Paleozoic evolution of the Arctic are numerous and diverse. Our detrital zircon provenance study of Upper Paleozoic sandstones from Kotel’ny Island (New Siberian Island archipelago) provides new data on the provenance of clastic sediments and crustal affinity of the New Siberian Islands. Upper Devonian–Lower Carboniferous deposits yield detrital zircon populations that are consistent with the age of magmatic and metamorphic rocks within the Grenvillian-Sveconorwegian, Timanian, and Caledonian orogenic belts, but not with the Siberian craton. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test reveals a strong similarity between detrital zircon populations within Devonian–Permian clastics of the New Siberian Islands, Wrangel Island (and possibly Chukotka), and the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago. These results suggest that the New Siberian Islands, along with Wrangel Island and the Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago, were located along the northern margin of Laurentia-Baltica in the Late Devonian–Mississippian and possibly made up a single tectonic block. Detrital zircon populations from the Permian clastics record a dramatic shift to a Uralian provenance. The data and results presented here provide vital information to aid Paleozoic tectonic reconstructions of the Arctic region prior to opening of the Mesozoic oceanic basins. -
Appendix 3.Pdf
A Geoconservation perspective on the trace fossil record associated with the end – Ordovician mass extinction and glaciation in the Welsh Basin Item Type Thesis or dissertation Authors Nicholls, Keith H. Citation Nicholls, K. (2019). A Geoconservation perspective on the trace fossil record associated with the end – Ordovician mass extinction and glaciation in the Welsh Basin. (Doctoral dissertation). University of Chester, United Kingdom. Publisher University of Chester Rights Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Download date 26/09/2021 02:37:15 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10034/622234 International Chronostratigraphic Chart v2013/01 Erathem / Era System / Period Quaternary Neogene C e n o z o i c Paleogene Cretaceous M e s o z o i c Jurassic M e s o z o i c Jurassic Triassic Permian Carboniferous P a l Devonian e o z o i c P a l Devonian e o z o i c Silurian Ordovician s a n u a F y r Cambrian a n o i t u l o v E s ' i k s w o Ichnogeneric Diversity k p e 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 S 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 n 23 r e 25 d 27 o 29 M 31 33 35 37 39 T 41 43 i 45 47 m 49 e 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 93 Number of Ichnogenera (Treatise Part W) Ichnogeneric Diversity 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 n 23 r e 25 d 27 o 29 M 31 33 35 37 39 T 41 43 i 45 47 m 49 e 51 53 55 57 59 61 c i o 63 z 65 o e 67 a l 69 a 71 P 73 75 77 79 81 83 n 85 a i r 87 b 89 m 91 a 93 C Number of Ichnogenera (Treatise Part W) -
Plate Tectonic Regulation of Global Marine Animal Diversity
Plate tectonic regulation of global marine animal diversity Andrew Zaffosa,1, Seth Finneganb, and Shanan E. Petersa aDepartment of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706; and bDepartment of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Edited by Neil H. Shubin, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, and approved April 13, 2017 (received for review February 13, 2017) Valentine and Moores [Valentine JW, Moores EM (1970) Nature which may be complicated by spatial and temporal inequities in 228:657–659] hypothesized that plate tectonics regulates global the quantity or quality of samples (11–18). Nevertheless, many biodiversity by changing the geographic arrangement of conti- major features in the fossil record of biodiversity are consis- nental crust, but the data required to fully test the hypothesis tently reproducible, although not all have universally accepted were not available. Here, we use a global database of marine explanations. In particular, the reasons for a long Paleozoic animal fossil occurrences and a paleogeographic reconstruction plateau in marine richness and a steady rise in biodiversity dur- model to test the hypothesis that temporal patterns of continen- ing the Late Mesozoic–Cenozoic remain contentious (11, 12, tal fragmentation have impacted global Phanerozoic biodiversity. 14, 19–22). We find a positive correlation between global marine inverte- Here, we explicitly test the plate tectonic regulation hypothesis brate genus richness and an independently derived quantitative articulated by Valentine and Moores (1) by measuring the extent index describing the fragmentation of continental crust during to which the fragmentation of continental crust covaries with supercontinental coalescence–breakup cycles. The observed posi- global genus-level richness among skeletonized marine inverte- tive correlation between global biodiversity and continental frag- brates. -
Teixeira Et Al Paleoproterozoic Record.Pdf
2019 ASGBC 2019 Annual Symposium on Geology of Brazil and China The Paleoproterozoic record of the São Francisco Craton Paleocontinent and Late Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic covers Field Workshop Brazil, 13-25 August, 2019 W. Teixeira (IGc-USP), F. Chemale Jr. (PPGEO- UNISINOS), E. P. Oliveira (IG-UNICAMP) (Organizers) São Paulo, August - 2019 2019 ASGBC 2019 Annual Symposium on Geology of Brazil and China Institutional support: 2019 ASGBC 2019 Annual Symposium on Geology of Brazil and China Field trip 1 – The Mineiro belt and the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Southern São Francisco Craton by W. Teixeira, E. Oliveira, F. Alkmim, L. Seixas Field workshop 1 Brazil, 13-18 August, 2019 2019 ASGBC 2019 Annual Symposium on Geology of Brazil and China 1. Introduction The field workshop on the Paleoproterozoic record of the São Francisco craton (SFC) has been designed to provide a view on the aspects of the Paleoproterozoic geology with emphasis on the Mineiro belt and the Minas Supergroup in Minas Gerais state, and thus afford the opportunity to discuss outcrop evidence for the issues such as: i) Significance of the Paleoproterozoic orogenic domains of the SFC; ii) Supercontinent assembly in the context of the Columbia Supercontinent; iii) Paleoproterozoic orogenic architecture as a transition between Archean tectonic styles; iv) Differential response of the Paleoproterozoic lithosphere to extensional tectonism. The first part of field trip traverses the Paleoproterozoic orogenic domain of the southern portion of the SFC in Minas Gerais state, emphasizing its most representative rock assemblages, geochronological and geochemical constraints and tectonic features of the Mineiro belt. This part of the field workshop ends in the mining district of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero where it traverses the Minas Supergroup, which corresponds to the foreland domain of the Paleoproterozoic Mineiro belt. -
United States
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES ISTo. 146 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT Pit IN TING OFFICE 189C UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHAKLES D. WALCOTT, DI11ECTOK BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INDEX NORTH AMEEICAN GEOLOGY, PALEONTOLOGY, PETEOLOGT, AND MINERALOGY THE YEA.R 1895 FEED BOUGHTON WEEKS WASHINGTON Cr O V E U N M K N T P K 1 N T I N G OFFICE 1890 CONTENTS. Page. Letter of trail smittal...... ....................... .......................... 7 Introduction.............'................................................... 9 List of publications examined............................................... 11 Classified key to tlio index .......................................... ........ 15 Bibliography ............................................................... 21 Index....................................................................... 89 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL DEPARTMENT OF THE INTEEIOE, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, DIVISION OF GEOLOGY, Washington, D. 0., June 23, 1896. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith the manuscript of a Bibliography and Index of North American Geology, Paleontology, Petrology, and Mineralogy for the year 1895, and to request that it be published as a bulletin of the Survey. Very respectfully, F. B. WEEKS. Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director United States Geological Survey. 1 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND INDEX OF NORTH AMERICAN GEOLOGY, PALEONTOLOGY, PETROLOGY, AND MINER ALOGY FOR THE YEAR 1895. By FRED BOUGHTON WEEKS. INTRODUCTION. The present work comprises a record of publications on North Ameri can geology, paleontology, petrology, and mineralogy for the year 1895. It is planned on the same lines as the previous bulletins (Nos. 130 and 135), excepting that abstracts appearing in regular periodicals have been omitted in this volume. Bibliography. The bibliography consists of full titles of separate papers, classified by authors, an abbreviated reference to the publica tion in which the paper is printed, and a brief summary of the con tents, each paper being numbered for index reference. -
Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian Mass Extinction: Comparing Brachiopod Faunas
Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction: Comparing brachiopod faunas PAUL COPPER Copper, P. 1998. Evaluating the Frasnian-Famennian mass extinction: Comparing bra- chiopod faunas.- Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 43,2,137-154. The Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinctions saw the global loss of all genera belonging to the tropically confined order Atrypida (and Pentamerida): though Famen- nian forms have been reported in the literafure, none can be confirmed. Losses were more severe during the Givetian (including the extinction of the suborder Davidsoniidina, and the reduction of the suborder Lissatrypidina to a single genus),but ońgination rates in the remaining suborder surviving into the Frasnian kept the group alive, though much reduced in biodiversity from the late Earb and Middle Devonian. In the terminal phases of the late Palmatolepis rhenana and P linguifurmis zones at the end of the Frasnian, during which the last few Atrypidae dechned, no new genera originated, and thus the Atrypida were extĘated. There is no evidence for an abrupt termination of all lineages at the F-F boundary, nor that the Atrypida were abundant at this time, since all groups were in decline and impoverished. Atypida were well established in dysaerobic, muddy substrate, reef lagoonal and off-reef deeper water settings in the late Givetian and Frasnian, alongside a range of brachiopod orders which sailed through the F-F boundary: tropical shelf anoxia or hypońa seems implausible as a cause for aĘpid extinction. Glacial-interglacial climate cycles recorded in South Ameńca for the Late Devonian, and their synchronous global cooling effect in low latitudes, as well as loss of the reef habitat and shelf area reduction, remain as the most likely combined scenarios for the mass extinction events. -
Introduction. First Biennial Report of the Progress Sketch of the History of Geology of the in Michigan
Text extracted from a scan by Google Book Search. INTRODUCTION. FIRST BIENNIAL REPORT OF THE PROGRESS SKETCH OF THE HISTORY OF GEOLOGY OF THE IN MICHIGAN. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF MICHIGAN, Before entering upon the consideration of the subjects EMBRACING OBSERVATIONS ON THE strictly belonging to this Report, a brief notice of what GEOLOGY, ZOÖLOGY, AND BOTANY has heretofore been done in developing the Geology of Michigan, will undoubtedly be acceptable to the people OF THE of our State. LOWER PENINSULA The explorations and discoveries of the Jesuit Missionaries, prosecuted for many years along the borders of the great Lakes, may be passed over as too MADE TO THE GOVERNOR, DECEMBER 31, 1860. remotely connected with the history of Geology in BY AUTHORITY. Michigan, to justify their introduction into the present report. The record of the wonderful labors and LANSING: sufferings of these early christian missionaries, may be Hosmer & Kerr, Printers to the State. found embodied in the numerous volumes of a work 1861. entitled, “Relations de ce que s’est passe de plus Digitized by Google remarquable aux Missions des peres de la compagnie de Jesus, en la Nouvelle France.”* A condensed sketch REPORT OF THE STATE GEOLOGIST. derived from this source, is given in Foster and Whitney’s “Report on the. Geology and Topography of a portion of the Lake Superior Land District, in the State of TO HIS EXCELLENCY MOSES WISNER, Michigan, Part I.” Governor of the State of Michigan: The existence of copper in considerable quantity, upon the shores of Lake Superior, had all along attracted the I have the honor to submit herewith, the Report required attention of the Missionaries. -
The Eifelian Givetian Boundary (Middle Devonian) at Tsakhir, Govi Altai Region, Southern Mongolia
23rd Annual Keck Symposium: 2010 Houston, Texas THE EIFELIAN GIVETIAN BOUNDARY (MIDDLE DEVONIAN) AT TSAKHIR, GOVI ALTAI REGION, SOUTHERN MONGOLIA NICHOLAS SULLIVAN State University of New York at Geneseo Faculty Advisor: D. Jeffrey Over INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE GEOLOGIC SETTING The Devonian System (418.1±3.0 – 365.7±2.7 Ma) Badarch et al. (2002) argued that Mongolia consists is subdivided into three epochs, Lower, Middle, and of numerous terranes that were accreted onto small Upper, which are further subdivided into seven stag- Precambrian cratonic blocks in the Hangay Region es. The Middle Devonian is subdivided into the Eif- during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. The focus of elian (391.9±3.4 – 388.1±2.6 Ma) and the Givetian this investigation are strata in a region recognized (388.1±2.6 - 383.7±3.1 Ma; Kaufmann, 2006). The as part of one of these accretionary wedges, which stage boundary is defined by the first appearance is referred to as the Gobi Altai Terrane (Figure 1; Ba- of Polygnathus hemiansatus at the Eifelian-Givetian darch et al., 2002; Minjin and Soja, 2009a). Badarch Stage Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), et al. (2002) characterized the Gobi Altai Terrane as which is a section at Jebel Mech Irdane in the Tifilalt a backarc basin, as evidenced by abundant volcano- of Morocco (Walliser et al. 1995). At some sections, clastic sedimentary rocks. The volcanics within the the appearance of the goniatite Maenioceras undu- Gobi Altai Terrane are believed to be derived from latum has been used as a proxy for the boundary a prehistoric island arc represented by the Mandalo- (Kutcher and Schmidt, 1958). -
CINCINNATIAN GASTROPOD PRIMER by Ron Fine HOW DO SCIENTISTS CLASSIFY GASTROPODS?
CINCINNATIAN GASTROPOD PRIMER By Ron Fine HOW DO SCIENTISTS CLASSIFY GASTROPODS? KINGDOM: Animalia (Animals) Mammals Birds Fish Amphibians Molluscs Insects PHYLUM: Mollusca (Molluscs) Cephalopods Gastropods Bivalves Monoplacophorans Scaphopods Aplacophorans Polyplacophorans CLASS: Gastropoda (Gastropods or Snails) Gastropods 2 HOW MANY KINDS OF GASTROPODS ARE THERE? There are 611 Families of gastropods, but 202 are now extinct Whelk Slug Limpet Land Snail Conch Periwinkle Cowrie Sea Butterfly Nudibranch Oyster Borer 3 THERE ARE 60,000 TO 80,000 SPECIES! IN ENDLESS SHAPES AND PATTERNS! 4 HABITAT-WHERE DO GASTROPODS LIVE? Gardens Deserts Ocean Depths Mountains Ditches Rivers Lakes Estuaries Mud Flats Tropical Rain Forests Rocky Intertidal Woodlands Subtidal Zones Hydrothermal Vents Sub-Arctic/Antarctic Zones 5 HABITAT-WHAT WAS IT LIKE IN THE ORDOVICIAN? Gastropods in the Ordovician of Cincinnati lived in a tropical ocean, much like the Caribbean of today 6 DIET-WHAT DO GASTROPODS EAT? Herbivores Detritus Parasites Plant Eaters Mud Eaters Living on other animals Scavengers Ciliary Carnivores Eat dead animals Filter feeding in the water Meat Eaters 7 ANATOMY-HOW DO YOU IDENTIFY A GASTROPOD? Gastropod is Greek, from “gaster” meaning ‘stomach’ and “poda” meaning ‘foot’ They are characterized by a head with antennae, a large foot, coiled shell, a radula and operculum Torsion: all of a gastropod’s anatomy is twisted, not just the shell They are the largest group of molluscs, only insects are more diverse Most are hermaphrodites 8 GASTROPOD ANATOMY-FOOT Gastropods have a large “foot”, used for locomotion. Undulating bands of muscles propel the gastropod forward, even on vertical surfaces. SLIME! Gastropods excrete slime to help their foot glide over almost any surface. -
GONDWANA I11 Du Toit
GONDWANA 503 i11 du Toit < Gondwana, Samfrau > ... the really important point is not so much to disprove Wegener’s particular views as to decide from the relevant evidence whether or not continental drift is a genuine variety of earth movement. —Holmes, 1944.1 A geologist who looked for geological evidence to test Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift was Alexander Logie du Toit (1878-1948). As a field geologist for the Geological Survey of South Africa he became familiar with the regional geology of that country. Curious to see firsthand how well, if at all, the geology either side of the Atlantic matched, he applied for and upon receiving a generous grant from the Carnegie Institution of Washington in 1923 he spent five months in South America familiarizing himself with the geology of Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil. His seminal paper, A Geological Comparison of South America with South Africa, was published in 1927. He wrote, “The concordance between the opposed shores, incidentally pointed out and discussed by others long before Wegener, has consistently been extended by each fresh geological observation until at present the amount of agreement is 5 In his book, Our Wandering Continents nothing short of marvellous.” Persuasive of a former (1937)2 is the statement: “from the proximity of the two continents are the discoverable linkages mid-Palaeozoic onwards the lands must have that “cross from coast to coast, not only directly but crept northwards for thousands of kilometers diagonally as well, and are furthermore of widely different to account for their deduced climatic ages.” In the map to illustrate this tectonic and phasal (lateral vicissitudes. -
GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE V
GSA GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE v. 4.0 CENOZOIC MESOZOIC PALEOZOIC PRECAMBRIAN MAGNETIC MAGNETIC BDY. AGE POLARITY PICKS AGE POLARITY PICKS AGE PICKS AGE . N PERIOD EPOCH AGE PERIOD EPOCH AGE PERIOD EPOCH AGE EON ERA PERIOD AGES (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) (Ma) HIST HIST. ANOM. (Ma) ANOM. CHRON. CHRO HOLOCENE 1 C1 QUATER- 0.01 30 C30 66.0 541 CALABRIAN NARY PLEISTOCENE* 1.8 31 C31 MAASTRICHTIAN 252 2 C2 GELASIAN 70 CHANGHSINGIAN EDIACARAN 2.6 Lopin- 254 32 C32 72.1 635 2A C2A PIACENZIAN WUCHIAPINGIAN PLIOCENE 3.6 gian 33 260 260 3 ZANCLEAN CAPITANIAN NEOPRO- 5 C3 CAMPANIAN Guada- 265 750 CRYOGENIAN 5.3 80 C33 WORDIAN TEROZOIC 3A MESSINIAN LATE lupian 269 C3A 83.6 ROADIAN 272 850 7.2 SANTONIAN 4 KUNGURIAN C4 86.3 279 TONIAN CONIACIAN 280 4A Cisura- C4A TORTONIAN 90 89.8 1000 1000 PERMIAN ARTINSKIAN 10 5 TURONIAN lian C5 93.9 290 SAKMARIAN STENIAN 11.6 CENOMANIAN 296 SERRAVALLIAN 34 C34 ASSELIAN 299 5A 100 100 300 GZHELIAN 1200 C5A 13.8 LATE 304 KASIMOVIAN 307 1250 MESOPRO- 15 LANGHIAN ECTASIAN 5B C5B ALBIAN MIDDLE MOSCOVIAN 16.0 TEROZOIC 5C C5C 110 VANIAN 315 PENNSYL- 1400 EARLY 5D C5D MIOCENE 113 320 BASHKIRIAN 323 5E C5E NEOGENE BURDIGALIAN SERPUKHOVIAN 1500 CALYMMIAN 6 C6 APTIAN LATE 20 120 331 6A C6A 20.4 EARLY 1600 M0r 126 6B C6B AQUITANIAN M1 340 MIDDLE VISEAN MISSIS- M3 BARREMIAN SIPPIAN STATHERIAN C6C 23.0 6C 130 M5 CRETACEOUS 131 347 1750 HAUTERIVIAN 7 C7 CARBONIFEROUS EARLY TOURNAISIAN 1800 M10 134 25 7A C7A 359 8 C8 CHATTIAN VALANGINIAN M12 360 140 M14 139 FAMENNIAN OROSIRIAN 9 C9 M16 28.1 M18 BERRIASIAN 2000 PROTEROZOIC 10 C10 LATE