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Ebb and Flow System Versus Overhead Sprinkler and Microirrigation for Container-Grown Woody Ornamental Production in Florida
EBB AND FLOW SYSTEM VERSUS OVERHEAD SPRINKLER AND MICROIRRIGATION FOR CONTAINER-GROWN WOODY ORNAMENTAL PRODUCTION IN FLORIDA By LUIS CARLOS NOGUEIRA A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2005 Copyright 2005 by Luis Carlos Nogueira This dissertation is dedicated to my beloved parents, Luiz Nogueira and Ana Colli Nogueira, who always showed love, patience, understanding and hard work. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is always a good time to thank GOD! for the beautiful and powerful nature, full of all resources, for us to work with and learn from. I am very thankful to Dr. Dorota Zofia Haman, a great person and a smart adviser, for the guidance, opportunity, friendship and huge support. Many thanks go to the professors of my committee, Dr. Michael Dukes, Dr. John Schueller, Dr. Robert Stamps and Dr. Thomas Burks, for all the valuable teachings, patience, understanding, and encouragement at all times. I thank them all so much for always telling me to move forward despite the obstacles I faced during my journey here. Also many thanks go to the technician Danny Burch and engineers Larry Miller and Wayne Williams, for lending me their dedicated expertise, patience, and willingness, during all phases of my research. We enjoyed many hours of good times together in lab work, fieldwork, and traveling. I need to express my gratitude to all of my friends, in and out of the University, people with whom I shared good and bad times, reminding me that there are other things in life. -
*Ponics (Why Google Is Suspects That My Kids Are Drug Dealers and Why We’Re Looking for a Food-Safe Fencepost)
*ponics (Why Google is suspects that my kids are drug dealers and why we’re looking for a food-safe fencepost) Roger Meike (pronounced “Mike,” FYI) PARC - but not what this project is about Saturday, July 20, 13 Roger Meike • Currently working at PARC • Technologist/Maker/Entrepreneur... Dork! • ..and I have the ham radio license to prove it! Saturday, July 20, 13 keyword: spaughts Saturday, July 20, 13 The challenge • Advice from Mike: Pick a topic that interests you • I now work on a software project at PARC, so I don’t have HW to talk about • I’m busy so I don’t do as much fun stuff at home as I would like • Everything I do in hardware these days is more sketchy than a sketch Saturday, July 20, 13 Slow Jam Sketch • If you use really slow material, is it still sketching? • i.e. working with biological and chemical constraints • The story: Why Google is pretty sure my kids are drug dealers and why I’m looking for a food-safe fencepost • Let the children lead the way • And so the story begins... Saturday, July 20, 13 Items of Interest KE6HFO KE6HFP Saturday, July 20, 13 Saturday, July 20, 13 Saturday, July 20, 13 Saturday, July 20, 13 Saturday, July 20, 13 Items of Interest KJ6KEB KI6TGN KE6HFO KE6HFP Saturday, July 20, 13 Saturday, July 20, 13 Hydroponics System Reservoir with pump and float switch Saturday, July 20, 13 Types of Hydroponic Systems • Ebb and flow system o Water level is fluctuated • Wick System o Simplest System • Drip system or Dutch Bucket o Bucket with a drip system type water supply • Deep water culture (DWC) o Roots -
Risk of Human Pathogen Internalization in Leafy Vegetables During Lab-Scale Hydroponic Cultivation
horticulturae Review Risk of Human Pathogen Internalization in Leafy Vegetables During Lab-Scale Hydroponic Cultivation Gina M. Riggio 1, Sarah L. Jones 2 and Kristen E. Gibson 2,* 1 Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA; [email protected] 2 Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-479-575-6844 Received: 13 February 2019; Accepted: 7 March 2019; Published: 15 March 2019 Abstract: Controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is a growing industry for the production of leafy vegetables and fresh produce in general. Moreover, CEA is a potentially desirable alternative production system, as well as a risk management solution for the food safety challenges within the fresh produce industry. Here, we will focus on hydroponic leafy vegetable production (including lettuce, spinach, microgreens, and herbs), which can be categorized into six types: (1) nutrient film technique (NFT), (2) deep water raft culture (DWC), (3) flood and drain, (4) continuous drip systems, (5) the wick method, and (6) aeroponics. The first five are the most commonly used in the production of leafy vegetables. Each of these systems may confer different risks and advantages in the production of leafy vegetables. This review aims to (i) address the differences in current hydroponic system designs with respect to human pathogen internalization risk, and (ii) identify the preventive control points for reducing risks related to pathogen contamination in leafy greens and related fresh produce products. Keywords: hydroponic; leafy greens; internalization; pathogens; norovirus; Escherichia coli; Salmonella; Listeria spp.; preventive controls 1. -
Controlled Environment Agriculture City Council Study Session August 1, 2017 Topics for Discussion
Controlled Environment Agriculture City Council Study Session August 1, 2017 Topics for discussion • Environment • Operations • Market & Economics What is hydroponics? Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture, the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent. Why hydroponics? Utilize our resources • Take advantage of our abundant resources (sunlight and water) and turn them into a revenue source. Increased growth rate • Plants will mature up to 25% faster and produce up to 30% more than the same plants grown in soil. Controlled environment • Climate • Nutrients • Year-round growing season Fewer problems with disease, funguses, and bug infestations Will it work here? Yes!!! We have: • Abundance of sun and water • Level ground and room to scale • Climate conducive to optimal growth and production (example- Ontario, Canada) Tomatoes are grown on about 7,000 ha across the country, producing from 500,000 to 550,000 tons, valued at between $75 and $80 million. Ontario accounts for more than 98% of the production. Canada is the main producer of greenhouse tomatoes in North America. Our average temperatures and solar energy are comparable to that of Ontario. Average High and Low Temperature John Day Ontario, Canada The daily average high (red line) and low (blue line) temperature, with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. The thin dotted lines are the corresponding average perceived temperatures. Average Daily Incident Shortwave Solar Energy John Day Ontario, Canada The average daily shortwave solar energy reaching the ground per square meter (orange line), with 25th to 75th and 10th to 90th percentile bands. -
Shallow Aggregate Ebb-And-Flow System for Greenhouse Lettuce Rp Oduction Joseph Chidiac University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 12-2017 Shallow Aggregate Ebb-and-Flow System for Greenhouse Lettuce rP oduction Joseph Chidiac University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, and the Horticulture Commons Recommended Citation Chidiac, Joseph, "Shallow Aggregate Ebb-and-Flow System for Greenhouse Lettuce Production" (2017). Theses and Dissertations. 2514. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2514 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Shallow Aggregate Ebb-and-Flow System for Greenhouse Lettuce Production A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Horticulture by Joseph R. Chidiac University of Arkansas Bachelor of Science in Biological Engineering, 2011 December 2017 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council _____________________ Dr. Michael R. Evans Thesis Director _____________________ _____________________ Dr. Craig Rothrock Dr. M. Elena Garcia Committee Member Committee Member _____________________ Dr. Douglas Karcher Committee Member ABSTRACT A novel soilless technique for the production of lettuce was developed and evaluated for its viability for ornamental greenhouse growers adapting their ebb-and-flood irrigation benching systems to diversify into growing lettuce, without having to purchase the conventional nutrient film technique (NFT) or deep flow technique (DFT) hydroponic systems. The experimental design was a three by four factorial, with three treatments for aggregate depth (19, 38, and 57 mm) and four treatments for irrigation frequency (once every 1, 2, 4, or 8 hours), for a total of twelve treatment combinations. -
HOW to BUILD a SMALL EBB & FLOW SYSTEM Simplified.Com
HOW TO BUILD A SMALL EBB & FLOW SYSTEM This is a great, dependable little unit. You can grow four- 6” to 8” pots or several smaller plants. It costs about $90 in early 2009 (not including a lamp and food). Most of the materials are available from Home Depot or Walmart. A few items must come from a hydroponics supplier (but we give you a good cheap source). SUPPLY LIST: Rubbermaid Black Storage Tote Bin with lid- 18 gallon [Walmart] (Or similar sturdy tote bin of 16-20 gallon volume) Rubbermaid Snaptoppers Clear Tote- 30 qt. [Lowe's or Home Depot] (Or similar flat bin that will fit on top of the tote bin) Timer, mechanical garden; 15 minute increments [Walmart] Aquarium air pump, 6 feet of airline tubing, “T” connector & 5 inch airstone [Walmart] 4 cheap flower pots, 8” [Home Depot or Walmart] Small bag of perlite [Home Depot or garden center] Black irrigation tubing, ½ “ I.D. (inner diameter) about 18” long, [Home Depot] Small submersible pond pump- 120 gph [heres one cheap: http://www.hydroponics- simplified.com/cheap-hydroponics-supplies.html#ebb] Fill and drain fitting set with one extension [order below] One brick of coco coir & small bag of LECA (Hydroton or clay balls) More on this and ordering info later in the Tips 'N Techniques section. © 2009 http://www.hydroponics-simplified.com All rights reserved. Page 1 TOOLS NEEDED: Power drill; 1-1/4” hole saw & 3/8” regular or spade drill bit (Borrow a hole saw kit or buy one, you will definitely use it again). -
Design of a Shallow-Aero Ebb and Flow Hydroponics System and Associated Educational Module for Tri Cycle Farms
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses Biological and Agricultural Engineering 5-2020 Design of a Shallow-Aero Ebb and Flow Hydroponics System and Associated Educational Module for Tri Cycle Farms Julie Halveland Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/baeguht Part of the Agricultural Education Commons, Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering Commons, Elementary Education Commons, Engineering Education Commons, Horticulture Commons, Science and Mathematics Education Commons, and the Sustainability Commons Citation Halveland, J. (2020). Design of a Shallow-Aero Ebb and Flow Hydroponics System and Associated Educational Module for Tri Cycle Farms. Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/baeguht/76 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological and Agricultural Engineering at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Design of a Shallow-Aero Ebb and Flow Hydroponics System and Associated Educational Module for Tri Cycle Farms Julie Halveland Biological Engineering University of Arkansas Undergraduate Honors Thesis Spring 2020 Table of Contents List of Tables ......................................................................................................................... -
INDOOR SOILLESS FARMING: PHASE I: Examining the Industry and Impacts of Controlled Environment Agriculture
THE MARKETS INSTITUTE AT WWF | INNOVATION ANALYSIS INDOOR SOILLESS FARMING: PHASE I: Examining the industry and impacts of controlled environment agriculture © Valcenteau/CC-BY-SA-2.0 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS World Wildlife Fund (WWF) would like to thank John McDonnell for his generous support of the research described in this report; The Yield Lab Institute for their insights and research on St. Louis; Dr. Marty Matlock, University of Arkansas, for his invaluable feedback on the LCA; and Caroline Schulte, Jessica Hauda, Lana Grom, and Jon Schroder for their detailed research and key contributions to this report. CONTACT Published May 2020 WWF-US, Washington, DC For more information, please contact: Julia Kurnik, WWF Director, Innovation Startups - Markets [email protected] 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 Background 6 Controlled Environment Agriculture 7 Industry Landscape Life Cycle Analysis Summary 10 The Future of Indoor and Vertical Farming 12 Lighting 12 Fiber Optic Technology 13 AI And Machine Learning 13 Plant Breeding and Gene-Edited or GMO Seeds 14 Renewable Energy 14 Co-Location, Co-Generation, and Symbiotic Systems 14 Underground Farming 15 Waste And Recycling 16 Technologies and Optimal Conditions 18 Stakeholder Working Group 19 St. Louis Research 20 Markets 20 Distribution Channels 22 Soilless Greenhouses 23 Vertical Farms 24 Land And Policy 25 Next Steps 27 3 © Yein Jeon/Shutterstock.com EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Soilless vertical and indoor urban farming is a growing some key metrics. There were three main impact niche industry that aims to reduce many of the areas that the Markets Institute at WWF identified as environmental impacts of conventional agriculture. -
Hydroponic Farming
Hydroponic Farming A farmer’s guide booklet Introduction Hydroponic, also known as aquaculture is a method of cultivating and growing plants without soil. It is a subset of hydro-culture, in which plants are grown using mineral nutrient solutions, in water in total absence of soil. It is one of the most rapidly growing sectors of agriculture that has the capability of dominating food production in the nearby future. In natural conditions, it has been observed that soil acts as a mineral nutrient reservoir, but the soil itself is not essential for any plant’s growth. Thus, when the same mineral nutrients were dissolved in water, plant roots are able to absorb them. So the technique of aquaculture has been introduced for artificial supply of minerals and necessary nutrients to the plants in which soil is no longer required for plants to thrive. Hydroponic Farming Fact If you are new to this modern gardening technique, you will definitely find the following hydroponic farming facts useful. Hydroponics is a novel method used to cultivate plants and herbs. It has helped budget conscious gardeners reap stunning yields without any soil or fertilizers! Hydroponic farming doesn’t follow traditional gardening strategies. For instance, you don’t need to water the plants frequently or douse your pricey crops with expensive pesticides. These are prominent benefits of hydroponic farming methods. Conversely, you can grow different kinds of plants using this method! From ornamental flowers, to vegetables, to bloomers, to fruits you can use hydroponic systems to add more color and tang to your homes! Revealing Top 5 Interesting Facts about Hydroponic Systems There are number of advantages that one can get from aquaculture systems. -
Improving Lettuce Productivity While Suppressing Biofilm Growth and Comparing Bacterial Profiles of Root Area and Nutrient Solutions in Windowfarm Systems
Improving Lettuce Productivity while Suppressing Biofilm Growth and Comparing Bacterial Profiles of Root Area and Nutrient Solutions in Windowfarm Systems THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Seungjun Lee Graduate Program in Food Science and Nutrition The Ohio State University 2014 Master's Examination Committee: Dr. Jiyoung Lee, Advisor Dr. Ahmed Yousef Dr. Luis Rodriguez-Saona Copyrighted by Seungjun Lee 2014 Abstract Hydroponic systems have gained worldwide popularity and are increasingly used in various purposes in different geographic areas. To improve and produce more hydroponic crops, a variety of hydroponic systems have been developed, such as: wick, drip, ebb- flow, water culture, nutrient film technique, aeroponic, and windowfarm systems. Numerous studies show that hydroponics have many advantages over culture systems; i.e., reuse of water, ease in controlling external factors, and reduction of traditional farming practices (e.g., cultivating, weeding, watering, and tilling). However, limitations include: high setup cost, rapid pathogen spread, and specialized management. The purpose of this Review (Chapter 1), ‘Introduction to Hydroponic Systems’ are to: 1) characterize the trends, advantages, and limitations of different systems; 2) introduce different types and methods of operation; and 3) discuss research being conducted in plant diseases and the role of beneficial bacteria. The Review (Chapter 1) provides a better understanding of hydroponics and newly applied systems and discusses their optimization to enhance food quality and quantity, and reduce plant diseases. In Chapter 2, the windowfarm is described, when plants are often prone to infections by phytopathogens that slow plant growth and reduce crop productivity and excessive biofilm build-up due to high concentration of nutrients in the system. -
Newrappresentazioni Carretto-1 2 Copia
RICH AIRED SERRA (RAS) RICH AIRED SERRA (RAS) RICH AIRED SERRA Rich Aired Serra Substrate as a concept, Substrate as a praxis | Aestetics micro-device for a Hydroculture contextual micro-environment Rich Aired Serra (RAS) is a sculptural support for gardenig. _Types: Aero Aquaponics Aquascaping Hydroponics passive Ispired to a Jimmie Durham sculpture and Richard Serra art's “Substrate definition: The surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or _Subtypes: Aquatic garden Bottle garden Deep water culture principles, the RAS is not a static sculpture. At first it is a obtains its nourishment (Oxford Dictionary)” Ebb and flow Fogponics Microponics Nutrient film technique semi-mobile device, second, it is for a variegated types of Organic hydroponics Organopónicos Sub-irrigated planter gardening or different uses. The basic structure is for sustain Substratum definition: _Substrates: Charcoal Coco peat Diatomaceous earth horizontal or vertical Substrates for greening. It could to be 1. Something that is spread or laid under something else; a stratum or layer lying under another. Expanded clay Gravel Growstones Lava rock Mineral wool used in a domestic enrvironment or in open air urban spaces. 2. Something that underlies or serves as a basis or foundation. Perlite Pumice Rice hulls Sand Vermiculite Wood fibre The concept desing of Supports and Substrates (structure 3. Agriculture. the subsoil. _Accessories: Grow light Hydroponic dosers Irrigation and infrastructure) is the rappresentation of relationship 4. Biology. the base or material on which a nonmotile organism lives or grows. sprinkler Leaf sensor Net-pot Spray nozzle Timers Ultrasonic between organism and environment as conditions for life. -
Intro to Hydroponics (PDF)
10/19/2017 INTRODUCTION TO What Is Hydroponics? HYDROPONICS Growing plants in JENNIFER MORGANTHALER, M.S. liquid nutrient MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY solutions instead DARR COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE of soil GREENHOUSE & HIGH TUNNEL WORKSHOP OCTOBER 12-13, 2017 https://www.citycrop.io/tag/hydroponics/ History of Hydroponics Advantages of Hydroponics •Grow crops where soil is unsuitable •Hydroponics comes from two Greek words ‘hydro’ meaning water and ‘ponos’ meaning labor •More control •1929 ‐ Word Hydroponics was 1st used by Dr. Gericke, •Faster growth rate University of California •Increased crop yields •1939‐1945 WWII –U.S. Army fed troops stationed in •Use less water than soil grown crops Pacific Islands •Reduce soil related disease and insects •1950‐Present ‐ Modern Technology •No weeding Disadvantages of Hydroponics Basics •Initial cost can be higher than soil culture •Additional knowledge is needed •Growing Systems •Constant monitoring •Growing Substrates •Disease spreads to all plants once it appears •Nutrient Solution •Water based micro‐organisms •Vulnerable to power outages 1 10/19/2017 Hydroponics Terminology Growing Systems •Growing System •Pump •Distinguished by the way the nutrient •Nutrient Solution •Airstone solution is applied •Nutrient Reservoir •Growing Substrate or •Liquid or Aggregate •Grow Tray Media/Medium •Open or Closed •Passive or Active Types of Systems Wick System •Wick •Simple Passive System •Deep Water Culture •Nutrient Solution is •Ebb and Flow drawn up to plant roots through a wick in •Drip the growing media