The Problem Why Does Wool Outperform Other Fibers?

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The Problem Why Does Wool Outperform Other Fibers?

PROVIDES PROTECTION THE PROBLEM THE RESEARCH KEY MEASURES OF FLAMMABILITY FOR COMMON TEXTILE FIBERS The fire performance When the flame performance of wool of carpets is extremely carpets are compared to carpets made from Fiber Limiting Heat of Ignition Melting Oxygen combustion temperature temperature important for the safety of man-made fibers, wool demonstrates a higher Index (%) (Kcal/g) (°C) (°C) the entire building envelope. Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), higher ignition Wool 25.2 4.9 570–600 Does not melt The key safety criteria for an interior temperature and lower melting temperature. Cotton 18.4 3.9 255 Does not melt Nylon 20.1 7.9 485–575 160–260 textile is it’s ignitability, the rate of Wool carpets also require more energy to flame spread once ignited and it’s Polyester 20.6 5.7 485–560 252–292 ignite and they demonstrate a lower smoke Rayon 19.7 3.9 420 Does not melt smoke emission. emission compared to man-made carpets. NBS FLOORING RADIANT PANEL TESTS LIMITING OXYGEN INDEX (LOI) ENERGY REQUIRED WHY DOES WOOL RESULTS FOR TOTAL SMOKE EMISSION OF COMMON TEXTILE FIBERS TO IGNITE CARPETS 100% WOOL WOOL CARPET ONLY OUTPERFORM WOOL CARPET & UNDERLAY OTHER FIBERS? NYLON WOOL/NYLON 100% NYLON POLYESTER NYLON ACRYLIC 100% POLYPROPYLENE POLYPROPYLENE Wool carpet is naturally flame resistant POLYPROPYLENE and outperforms all other common carpet textile fibers. The flame BEST WORST WORST BEST WORST BEST retardancy of wool is due to wool’s unique chemical structure, • When combustion occurs, wool fiber • Wool textile fibers require more • Wool fiber carpets require more and high nitrogen and water contents. carpets emit less smoke compared to oxygen to support combustion energy to ignite compared to This means wool carpet has the man-made fiber carpets. compared to man-made textile fibers. man-made fiber carpets. following benefits: • It takes a very high temperature to ignite KEY POINTS • A low rate of heat release WHY • Wool is naturally flame resistant, and it’s performance exceeds that = • Doesn’t melt or stick upon burning WOOL IS of all other commonly encountered textile fibers • It is self extinguishing A GOOD • Wool has a low energy release (heat of combustion) once combusted CHOICE • It forms an insulating char when and a result is the low rate of heat release it burns • If wool comes into direct contact with another burning surface it won’t melt Wool carpets have exceptionally • Evolution of less smoke and or stick. It is also self extinguishing once the ignition source is removed low levels of flammability and are a toxic gases formed during • Wool forms an insulating char when it burns and produces less smoke and sensible choice for creating safe and combustion compared to most man- toxic gases than are formed during the combustion of most man-made fibers. healthy indoor environments. made fibers..

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Nylon Wool Fiber Columns
U.S. Corporate Headquarters Polysciences Europe GmbH Polysciences Asia-Pacific, Inc. 400 Valley Rd. Badener Str. 13 2F-1, 207 DunHua N. Rd. Warrington, PA 18976 69493 Hirschberg an der Taipei, Taiwan 10595 1(800) 523-2575 / (215) 343-6484 Bergstrasse, Germany (886) 2 8712 0600 1(800)343-3291 fax +(49) 6201 845 20 0 (886) 2 8712 2677 fax [email protected] +(49) 6201 845 20 20 fax [email protected] [email protected] TECHNICAL DATA SHEET 425A Page 1 of 2 Nylon Wool Fiber Columns BACKGROUND NYLON WOOL FIBER VS. SHEEP RBC ROSETTING METHODS Researchers have been using nylon wool fiber procedures to separate T-cell and Wong and Mittal (1981)9 did extensive research comparing the methods of Nylon B-cell lymphocytes for more than 20 years. In the early 1970’s M. H. Julius et al Wool Fiber separation and the commonly- used and well-studied sheep RBC (1973),1 Eisen et al (1972),2 and Greaves & Brain (1974)3 described specific (SRBC) rosetting.10,11 Wong and Mittal were interested in isolating B-cells for conditions for the use of Nylon Wool Fiber in columns or plastic straws. These serologic typing of HLA-DR antigen. protocols resulted in yields of 50-90% T-cell recovery and 10-100 fold B-cell depletion. Wong and Mittal concluded that “Due to its simplicity and reliability, nylon wool adherence may be preferred over the SRBC rosette method for the routine pheno- These early researchers found it necessary to scrub or wash their Nylon Wool Fiber typing of B-cells.” Their findings are illustrated in Table 1.
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