Virtual Earthquake Reconnaissance Team (VERT): Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Earthquake

By: Wael Hassan, Angel Perez-Irizarry, Christine Wittich, Manny Hakhamaneshi, Vishal Joshi, Gabby Haro, Alex Julius, David Yoo, Yolanda Alberto

for questions contact VERT co-chairs: Erica Fischer ([email protected]) Manny Hakhamaneshi ([email protected]) 1 VERT Immediate Response to “Loloan” Earthquake

VERT Member Assignments https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wsLqnxAmFPBP7xgW07Hw4kgqAkE1AHdNQqN8MW-6tZw/edit?usp=sharing

Topic Curator 1 Name Curator 1 email Curator 2 Name Curator 2 email Curator 3 Name Curator 3 email

Overview of [email protected] Angel Perez-Irizarry [email protected] Manny Hakhamaneshi Wael Hassan [email protected] Earthquake om [email protected] Wael Hassan [email protected] Angel Perez-Irizarry [email protected] Vishal Joshi Schools & m [email protected] Buildings David Yoo om Hospitals [email protected] /Emergency Gabby Haro [email protected] Vishal Joshi Alex Julius [email protected] m Response

Social Media [email protected] [email protected] David Yoo Vishal Joshi Response om m

Lifelines Christine Wittich [email protected] Yolanda Alberto [email protected]

Geotechnical [email protected] Yolanda Alberto [email protected] Manny Hakhamaneshi structures/issues om

3 Topic #1: Overview VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake Ángel Perez-Irizarry Manny Hakhamaneshi Wael Hassan

4 Summary of Earthquake Magnitude, Fatalities, Location, etc VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #1: Overview Nusa Tenggara Barat Region:

● Magnitude Mw 6.9 (05 Aug 2018)- 3km - SSE of Loloan, North , Indonesia (8.287°S 116.452°E)

● Depth of 31.0km. Local time 19:46:35.

● Main Foreshock: Mw 6.4, 29 July 2018.

● Aftershock: Mw 5.9, 9 Aug 2018.

● Fault: Back Arc Thrust Fault.

References: 5 ● https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us1000g3ub#executivei Summary of Earthquake Magnitude, Fatalities, Location, etc VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #1: Overview Translated from National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) posting:

● Most affected areas are North Lombok, East Lombok and City.

● Report from the (NTB) Province Regional Disaster Management Authority (BPBD): 82 fatalities thus far. ○ 65 in , 9 in West Lombok, 2 on Central Lombok and East Lombok, and 4 in the City of Mataram. Most of the victims died from being hit by collapsed buildings.

● The Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) will dispatch additional troops and assistance, especially health assistance, medical personnel, medicine, logistics, tents and communication equipment on the morning of 8/6/2018.

● Current main focus is search & rescue, assistance to affected people, and fulfillment of basic needs. Current urgent needs: medical personnel, clean water, food, blankets, mats, tents, trauma healing services and other basic needs.

● Schools in the areas of North Lombok, East Lombok, and Mataram are closed on 8/6/2018 because it is feared that school buildings can be a threat to students and personnel.

References: 6 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/en/82-orang-meninggal-dunia-akibat-gempa-7-sr-ribuan-warga-mengungsi Summary of Earthquake Magnitude, Fatalities, Location, etc VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #1: Overview

● Death toll as of Aug 12 tops 392, injured (varied 1353 to 13,000 and displaced 165,000 to 387,000.)

References: ● https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2018/08/05/world/asia/ap-as-indonesia-earthquake.html ● https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/earthquake-felt-in--which-hit---region/news-story/27661e896472b5cf3 34795b5a127226a ● https://www.firstpost.com/world/lombok-earthquake-387-dead-thousands-displaced-after-6-9-magnitude-quake-authorities-fear-toll-will-increase-4 7 943571.html Summary of Earthquake Magnitude, Fatalities, Location, etc VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 ● This website is hosted by BNPB - National Disaster Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake Management Agency. TOPIC #1: Overview ● It contains online library that can be future resource. It also contains “Disaster information data”, “Geospatial disaster”, and many more interesting information that may be useful for EERI VERT team.

References: ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/ 8 Summary of Earthquake Magnitude, Fatalities, Location, etc VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #1: Overview The latest news published by BNPB states that 392 people have died so far due to 6.9 earthquake.

● North Lombok District: 339 fatalities ● West Lombok: 30 fatalities ● City of Mataram: 9 fatalities ● East Lombok: 10 fatalities ● Central Lombok 2 fatalities ● City of Lombok: 2 fatalities ● Injured victims are now 1,353 people, of which 783 people were seriously injured and 570 people were slightly injured. ● Physical Damage: 67875 damaged houses; 606 damaged schools; 6 damaged bridges; 3 damaged hospitals; 10 damaged health centers; 15 damaged mosques; 50 damaged prayer rooms; 20 damaged office units.

References: ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/ 9 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/korban-gempa-lombok-terus-bertambah-392-orang-meninggal-dunia Topic #2: Schools & Buildings VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake Wael Hassan Ángel Perez-Irizarry David Yoo Vishal Joshi

10 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

SCHOOLS: ● Tens of thousands of building are damaged, including at least 67,000 houses, 606 schools, three hospitals, 65 mosques and six bridges. ● A number of schools were affected by the earthquake disaster in Lombok, according to Minister of Education and Culture, Muhadjir Effendy. The Ministry of Education and Culture has sent 65 tents be used as classrooms so that education can be resumed. ● The City Government is focusing on rebuilding schools that collapsed due to the earthquake that occurred in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Surabaya Mayor Tri Rismaharini said the City Government had sent a team to survey damaged school buildings and needed at least Rp. 880 million to rebuild and repair the schools.

References: ● https://www.news.com.au/world/breaking-news/indonesian-quake-death-toll-rises-to-392/news-story/d024008179aecc473e18fc24ea562c16 ● https://news.detik.com/jawatengah/4155917/mendikbud-pastikan-anak-anak-di-lombok-tetap-sekolah 11 ● http://kabar24.bisnis.com/read/20180807/15/825528/gempa-lombok-pemkot-surabaya-fokus-bangun-kembali-sekolah Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings SCHOOLS: ● Many buildings were damaged in Buleleng Region. One of them is a building at Depeha 3 Elementary School, Kubutambahan District, the ceiling in the entire school classroom collapsed (non-structural). ● School Principal , Wayan Seridana said: “losses were estimated at hundreds of millions of rupiah. Students cannot take lessons because the classrooms are all damaged. We are worried that the building will collapse and endanger students.“

References: 12 ● http://bali.tribunnews.com/2018/08/06/plafon-sd-negeri-3-depeha-ambruk-usai-diguncang-gempa-siswa-dipulangkan-lebih-awal Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings BUILDINGS: ● Tens of thousands of building are damaged, including at least 67,000 houses, 606 schools, three hospitals, 65 mosques, 429 public facilities and six bridges. Partial damage at International Airport. Various structural system types experienced damage. ● 80% of buildings in Lombok damaged/collapsed. ● Percentage of damage by district are as follows: ○ District of Tanjung 85 percent damaged. ○ District of Kayangan 80 percent damaged. ○ Bayan District reaches 75 percent damaged. ○ District of Gangga 65 percent damaged. ○ Pemenang sub district 55 percent damaged

References: ● https://www.news.com.au/world/breaking-news/indonesian-quake-death-toll-rises-to-392/news-story/d024008179aecc473e18fc24ea562c16 ● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_2018_Lombok_earthquake ● https://reliefweb.int/report/indonesia/indonesia-earthquake-situational-report-no-4-august-10-2018 13 ● https://news.okezone.com/read/2018/08/06/340/1932199/gempa-7-0-sr-guncang-lombok-3-jembatan-putus?utm_source=dlvr.it&utm_medium=twitter Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings BUILDINGS:

● Damage to Non-Structural components Bali Airport. ● National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) spokesman Sutopo Purwo Nugroho stated: thousands of homes were damaged and most of the fatalities are attributed to collapsed houses. (susceptible family dwellings?) ● BNPB reports a housing unit damaged in both Indonesian regencies (kabupaten) of West Sumbawa and Badung. (translated)

References: ● https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/05/asia/indonesia-earthquake/index.html2 ● http://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-08-06/indonesia-issues-tsunami-warning-after-7.0-quake-off-lombok/10076088 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/en/kondisi-dampak-gempa-7-sr-di-lombok-timur 14 ● https://twitter.com/Bali_chris/status/1026092542536822784 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings Collapsed house in Gunung Sari District, West Lombok. Partially collapsed Balinese temple in Badung.

References: ● https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/earthquake-felt-in-bali-which-hit-indonesias-sumbawa-region/news-story/27661e896472b5cf3 34795b5a127226a 15 ● https://twitter.com/palangmerah/status/1026265866944446464 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Screenshots: Collapsed unreinforced masonry wall and partially collapsed house in Poh Gading, Pringgabaya, East Lombok.

Indonesian Red Cross Twitter

References: 16 ● https://twitter.com/palangmerah/status/1026290353760960512 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Damaged hotel in Lombok. Damaged tiles and cladding, diagonal cracking on hotel wall. ● Photos published by K. Shanmugam, Law and Home Affairs Minister.

References: ● https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/shanmugam-caught-in-lombok-quake-the-room-shook-violently-walls-cracked-it-was-quite 17 ● https://www.facebook.com/k.shanmugam.page/?ref=br_rs Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Collapsed mosque in Pemenang, North Lombok. Seems to be an out-of-plane wall collapse of the mosque wall. Likely due to a lack of anchorage capacity. ● Photos published by Adek Berry/AFP/Getty Images.

References: 18 ● https://www.livescience.com/63264-what-caused-indonesia-earthquake.html Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Collapsed shopping mall building in , Bali. ● Photos published by Made Nagi/EPA-EFE.

References: 19 ● https://www.upi.com/69-magnitude-earthquake-kills-at-least-37-in-Indonesia/1011533478390/ Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Collapsed house in North Lombok. Wood structure collapsed. Is there any seismic system defined for wood buildings in this region? ● Photos published by Ani / AP.

References: 20 ● http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2018/aug/09/death-toll-jumps-to-347-in-indonesia-earthquake-1855568.html Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Houses in Kayangan were damaged significantly. It looks like most of the roofs are made up of wood “joists” and tiles on top. Also, walls are typically CMU. ● Photos published by AP.

References: ● https://www.news.com.au/technology/environment/earthquake-felt-in-bali-which-hit-indonesias-sumbawa-region/news-story/27661e896472b5cf3 21 34795b5a127226a Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● A collapsed mosque at Kayangan region in North Lombok. ● Photos published by Sonny Tumbelaka/AFP/Getty Images.

References: ● https://www.thv11.com/article/news/nation-world/death-toll-rises-to-more-than-130-in-indonesia-earthquake-as-aid-effort-intensifies/507-580683 22 843 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Jamiul Jaamah Mosque in Bangsal, Lombok.

BEFORE AFTER

References: ● https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/rescuers-scramble-in-search-for-survivors-in-lombok-as-scale-of-disaster-becomes-clear 23 ● http://www.bostonherald.com/news/international/2018/08/indonesia_quake_deaths_top_130_aid_effort_intensifies Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Jabal Nur Mosque, Lombok.

BEFORE AFTER References: ● https://www.dailysabah.com/asia/2018/08/07/dozens-buried-under-collapsed-lombok-mosque-indonesian-earthquake-survivor-says ● https://www.bloomberg.com/news/videos/2018-08-07/lombok-survivor-pulled-from-debris-video ● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qc46u1gZCU8 24 ● https://www.businessinsider.com/lombok-indonesia-earthquake-video-shows-mosque-destroyed-2018-8?r=UK&IR=T Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #2: Schools & Buildings

● Temple, Bali.

BEFORE AFTER

References: ● https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2018/08/06/indonesia-magnitude-6-9-earthquake-leaves-lombok-in-rubble-and-thousands-without-home s/#5e3ebc233327 25 Topic #3: Hospitals/Emergency Response VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake Gabby Haro Vishal Joshi Alex Julius

26 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #3: Hospitals / Emergency Response

● At least three regional hospitals are damaged [1]. ● Hospitals are filled to capacity and overwhelmed [2]. ○ Injured people were being treated in car parks and makeshift medical tents. ○ Impossible to do surgery and treat patients with severe injuries [3].

References: ● https://www.smh.com.au/world/asia/death-toll-in-the-hundreds-rises-from-earthquake-that-hit-indonesia-20180812-p4zx31.html [1] ● https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/after-lombok-quake-a-new-worry-deadly-aftershocks/news-story/ecca70a4d0494f9c0eee3f80175ccabf [2] 27 ● https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/after-lombok-quake-a-new-worry-deadly-aftershocks/news-story/ecca70a4d0494f9c0eee3f80175ccabf [3] Links to key media articles discussing Hospitals / Emergency Response VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #3: Hospitals / Emergency Response

EMERGENCY RESPONSE:

● Evacuation boats were sent to the island of Gili Trawangan as an emergency response in the wake of the earthquake in order to transport the injured and the stranded tourists off the island. [1]

● The Indonesian Officials were however not prepared to deal with the large crowds and the panic that ensued. The rescue and emergency boats were less in number as compared to the hoards of people flooding the beach leading to total chaos. [3]

References: ● https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/10/world/asia/indonesia-lombok-earthquake-tourism.html [1] ● https://www.express.co.uk/news/world/1000591/bali-earthquake-map-gili-islands-where-earthquakes-affecting-gili-islands-lombok-bali [2] ● https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/chaos-in-indonesia-as-tourists-scramble-to-get-evacuated-after-massive-earthquake/news-story/13d88f734b 28 4013c8e21d21dcb040e18f [3] Topic #4: Social Media Response VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake

David Yoo Vishal Joshi

29 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #4: Social Media Response ● NOAA Satellites: 6.9 magnitude earthquake resulted in power outages along the northern coast of Lombok Island. ● See link below for twitter videos from social media. Panic ensues as the earthquake hits.

References: ● https://www.ibtimes.co.in/indonesia-earthquake-least-82-killed-6-9-magnitude-quake-hits-lombok-island-777036 ● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=65d5Lc4S5lU 30 ● https://twitter.com/NOAASatellites/status/1026574518565982212 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #4: Social Media Response ● Evacuation from Gili island. This video shows the confusion and panic among tourists trying to get off the island.

References: ● https://twitter.com/_helenbrady/status/1026360131297193984 31 Links to key media articles discussing Social Media Response VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #4: Social Media Response

● Gili Trawangan: After the panic ensued numerous tourists flocked to the beach for rescue boats. However, the rescue boats were less in number as compared to the large crowd and a Dunkirk movie like scene ensued. Social media captures this. [1,2,3] ● Gary Barlow tweeted about the earthquake. [1] ● Model Chrissy Teigen gave a minute by minute update on Twitter. [1] ● An imam who continued praying even after the earthquake struck has gone viral on social media. [6]

References: ● https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/6946098/lombok-earthquake-indonesia-holidaymakers-evacuation-boats/ [1] ● https://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2018/aug/06/hundreds-of-tourists-in-lombok-evacuated-after-quake-video [2] ● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sCwurxpF450 [3] ● https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/07/29/indonesiaearthquake-least-three-dead-tourist-island-lombok-shaken/ [4] ● https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/aug/11/lombok-earthquake-leaves-idyllic-gili-islands-facing-uncertain-future [5] ● http://www.newindianexpress.com/world/2018/aug/06/indonesia-earthquake-imam-leading-namaz-prayer-as-earthquake-hits-goes-viral-on-social- media-1854089.html [6] 32 Topic #5: Lifelines VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake

Christine Wittich Yolanda Alberto

33 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines ELECTRIC POWER ● Blackouts reported in several areas including Lombok Utara (North Lombok), Lombok Timur (East Lombok), and Mataram Regencies, according to the Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management). ● Blackouts noted to be partially due to damage to the electric network infrastructure and numerous electric utility poles that collapsed (throughout Lombok as well as Bali and other nearby islands ()). ● Power restoration began about 2 days after the event (hotels noted in , north of Mataram). Approximately 75% of Lombok Island had power as of August 6 (partially due to generators), though the most heavily damaged regions in Lombok Utara (North Lombok) still did not have power as of August 10. TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ● Telecommunications reportedly down throughout Lombok, including: Mataram City, Lombok Utara (North Lombok), Central Lombok, West Lombok, and East Lombok as well as particular cities Madayin, Sembalun, Bayan, Sambik Elen. ● Cause of telecommunications outages reportedly linked to electric power inadequacies. Telecommunications slowly recovered due to portable networks brought in by the Ministry of Communication and Information to enable emergency crews.

References: ● http://www.china.org.cn/world/Off_the_Wire/2018-08/12/content_58482123.htm ● https://bnpb.go.id/en/impact-of-the-7-richter-scale-earthquake-in-lombok-timur ● https://bnpb.go.id/en/update-on-the-magnitude-7-earthquake-lombok-utara ● https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-we-are-out-of-hope-indonesia-quak ● https://www.developingtelecoms.com/business/humanitarian-comms/7978-net1-ind e-victims-still-wait-for-help/ onesia-delivers-quick-response-to-lombok-earthquake.html ● https://reliefweb.int/report/indonesia/indonesia-death-toll-continues-rise-thousands ● http://www.en.netralnews.com/news/currentnews/read/23182/post.lombok.earthq -remain-displaced 34 uake..telecom.services.gradually.improve ● https://twitter.com/Kemlu_RI/status/1026484769515655168 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ● Airports: Ngurah Rai International Airport had non-structural damage, notably ceiling tiles. Airport continued normal operations. ● Bridges: 6 bridges in Lombok considered severely damaged or collapsed, according to Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management). Damaged bridges included: Bayan to Kayangan; Lokok Duren Bridge (Kayangan to Gangga); Luk Bridge, Sokong Bridge; Lokok Tampes Bridge. ● Roadways/Highways: Many roads reported to be cracked/split apart making them impassable. One example of heavily damaged road is the Kokokputek Route, on which trucks were overturned due to cracks. ● Roadways/Highways: Additional landslides and fallen utility poles, trees, or debris blocked many routes. One example is the Pusuk Sembalun Highways, on which casualties and accidents are attributed to the landslide.

References: ● https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/bali-earthquake-live-indonesia-rocked-13035517 ● https://bnpb.go.id/en/update-on-the-magnitude-7-earthquake-lombok-utara ● https://twitter.com/BNPB_Indonesia 35 ● https://mataramnews.co.id/peristiwa/item/8674-tanah-longsor-di-jalan-pusuk-sembalun-telan-satu-korban-jiwa Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines WATER

● On the first days there was a lack of drinking water. ● Reports of turbidity started immediately after the earthquake in in Labuapi. Water coming, both from the Regional Water Company (PDAM) and from wells, was muddy. ● In Mataram City, after water turned turbid, residents started using river water from Sungai Jangkuk. ● Underground water sources are inaccessible due to the earthquake and drinking water is scarce due to dry weather. ● One of the most affected areas, West Pemenang, was still in lack of clean water as of August 8. ● Oxfam dispatched a mobile treatment plant and is providing clean water to 5000 survivors in Lombok. ● PDAM cut the water in Giri Menang, North Lombok due to pipeline breaks. ● Toilets still lack water in Obel-obel Village, East Lombok. ● Ministry of Public Works dispatched 4 units of public hydrants, 2 units of portable toilets, and 16 hydrants in Eastern Lombok.

References: ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/82-orang-meninggal-dunia-akibat-gempa-7-sr-ribuan-warga-mengungsi ● https://www.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-quake/as-death-toll-on-indonesias-lombok-tops-100-thousands-wait-for-aid-idUSKBN1KS094 ● http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-indonesia-quake-20180808-story.html ● https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/oxfam-provides-drinking-water-and-shelter-to-thousands-hit-by-indonesia-earthquakes/ ● https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/3611897/pasca-gempa-lombok-air-pdam-berubah-kecokelatan ● https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20180807110810-20-320154/air-pdam-keruh-akibat-gempa-warga-mataram-ambil-air-sungai 36 ● https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/AHA-Situation_Update_no_1_M-7.0-Lombok-Earthquake-final.pdf Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines GAS • Pertamina found the facilities of Fuel Oil Terminal (TBBM) in West Nusa Tenggara and the Aircraft Charging Depot (DPPU) in Denpasar to be safe after the earthquake. • There is a short supply of fuel in West Lombok. • Pertamina had distributed 5,000 liters of diesel fuel, with 2,500 liters each for the National Assisting Post, and 2,500 liters for Tanjung Emergency Command Post. • Pertamina provided 5.5 kg bright gas tubes, 50 kg LPG, and 1,400 liters of fuel in Sambelia District, in Pamancang Subdistrict and Tanjung District, North Lombok. • All important Pertamina facilities, both BBM and LPG facilities, were declared safe. In North Lombok Regency, Pertamina continues distributing fuel and stock won't decrease. • Pertamina contributed with 5.5 kg LPG and 12kg of gas for the public kitchens established by BNBP. • As Friday (10/8), Pertamina has distributed 9,400 liters of fuel oil (BBM), 3,000 liters of diesel and 1,000 liters of gas for East Lombok and 5,400 liters of diesel for North Lombok.

References: ● https://www.pertamina.com/id/news-room/news-release/penyaluran-bahan-bakar-aman-pertamina-cek-sarfas-tbbm-dan-dppu-pasca-gempa-di-lombok-utara ● https://www.wsj.com/articles/drinking-water-fuel-in-short-supply-in-indonesian-quake-zone-1533650119 ● https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4157594/pertamina-salurkan-bantuan-lpg-dan-bbm-untuk-korban-gempa-di-lombok ● https://finance.detik.com/energi/d-4155031/pertamina-gerak-cepat-pasok-bbm-dan-lpg-ke-posko-gempa-lombok ● https://www.timesindonesia.co.id/read/179626/20180809/104545/pasca-gempa-pertamina-normalisasikan-bbm-dan-gas-elpiji-di-klu/ 37 ● https://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/daerah/18/08/11/pd9crl335-pertamina-salurkan-bantuan-untuk-korban-gempa Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines

EMERGENCY RESPONSE • The Indonesia National Agency for Disaster Management (BNBP) established the National Assisting Post (POSPENAS) in North Lombok to handle the emergency. • The Ministry of Social Affairs, Ministry of Public Works, Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Communication and Information, have coordinated to send aid for evacuation, shelter, food, water, transportation and telecommunication services. • A meeting between the Indonesia National Agency for Disaster Management, police, ministries, and institutions and local governments was held in Tanjung Lombok to discuss victim's data and reporting mechanisms. • A total of 1,033 people were seriously injured and hospitalized in hospitals and health centers. • Sub-districts and village government officials are collaborating with NGOs to establish service posts to provide food, clean water and public kitchens. • Oxfam is providing water and tarpaulins for shelter to 5000 survivors, but other rescue projects have stopped their regular operations due to aftershocks. • The Main Emergency Command Post coordinated disaster data with all the agencies involved, on August 9th so the government can provide an assistance package for affected people.

References: ● https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/AHA-Situation_Update_no_1_M-7.0-Lombok-Earthquake-final.pdf ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/evakuasi-korban-dan-distribusi-bantuan-ke-pengungsi-terus-dlakukan-intensif-259-orang-meninggal-dunia ● https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/oxfam-provides-drinking-water-and-shelter-to-thousands-hit-by-indonesia-earthquakes/ 38 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/saat-darurat-bencana-data-korban-berbeda-beda-itu-biasa Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #5: Lifelines

● There was an electric blackout in North Lombok district. [1] ● Power outage in across . [2] ● In Tanjung, there was no service of landline phone or cellphone services. [3] ● Service continued in the airports of Bali and Lombok, and they increased the number of flights for tourist to leave the island. [4] ● The hiking road of is closed. [5] ● Landslides blocked roads on the Pusuk Sembalun Highway. [6] ● There is a lack of drinking water. [7] ● Need for clean water. [8]

References: ● https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/08/indonesia-major-earthquake-rocks-lombok-island-180805123730164.html [1] ● https://reliefweb.int/report/indonesia/aha-centre-flash-update-no-1-m-70-lombok-earthquake-indonesia [2] ● http://www.crossroadstoday.com/story/38814440/69-magnitude-earthquake-hits-indonesia [3] ● https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-indonesia-quake/tourists-flee-indonesias-lombok-island-after-quake-kills-91-idUKKBN1KR07F [4] ● http://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20180806/15/824727/gempa-7-sr-lombok-akibatkan-longsor-dan-retakan-di-gunung-rinjani [5] ● https://mataramnews.co.id/peristiwa/item/8674-tanah-longsor-di-jalan-pusuk-sembalun-telan-satu-korban-jiwa [6] ● https://twitter.com/infobencana/status/1026206709201563648 [7] 39 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/82-orang-meninggal-dunia-akibat-gempa-7-sr-ribuan-warga-mengungsi [8] Topic #6: Geotechnical Structures/Issues, & Roads VERT Immediate Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake

Yolanda Alberto Manny Hakhamaneshi

40 Overview & and how it affected various regions

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #6: Geotechnical Structures/Issues & Roads

● Apparent landslides in Tiu Kelep Waterfall and Mount Rinjani. ● The earthquake caused landslides and cracks on Mount Rijani. ● Landslides in Sembalun. ● Landslides blocked roads on the Pusuk Sembalun Highway. ● Damage to three bridges Tampes bridge, Lokok Tampes bridge and Luk bridge. Mount Rinjani

References: ● https://twitter.com/euniceapril/status/1025962443451682816 ● https://twitter.com/NAWACIT4/status/1026380538188374016 https://twitter.com/insidelombok_/status/1025763181120040960 ● http://surabaya.bisnis.com/read/20180806/15/824727/gempa-7-sr-lombok-akibatkan-longsor-dan-retakan-di-gunung-rinjani ● https://kumparan.com/@kumparannews/ada-13-titik-longsor-di-sembalun-usai-gempa-lombok-1533295225512258348?utm_medium=post&utm_source=Twitter&utm_cam paign=int ● https://mataramnews.co.id/peristiwa/item/8674-tanah-longsor-di-jalan-pusuk-sembalun-telan-satu-korban-jiwa 41 ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/91-orang-meninggal-dunia-akibat-gempa-7-sr-di-ntb-bantuan-terus-dikirimkan Links to key media articles discussing Geotechnical Structures/Issues

VERT Response to Mw 6.9 August 5, 2018 Loloan, Indonesia Earthquake TOPIC #6: Geotechnical Structures/Issues, & Roads

● Landslides in the Pusuk Sembalun highway. ● A landslide affected the Dusun Indah, Kayangan Sub-regency, Lombok Utara. ● Several liquefaction spots were found in the Gangga and Kayangan districts. The head of the the head of earthquake and tsunami mitigation at the Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation Center (PVMBG) identified these liquefied places after the earthquakes.

● Liquefaction-induced failures in houses foundations in Selengen Village, Kayangan District, North Lombok.

● Landslides occurred in Dompu Indah Hamlet, Kayangan District, North Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara (NTB).

References: ● https://mataramnews.co.id/peristiwa/item/8674-tanah-longsor-di-jalan-pusuk-sembalun-telan-satu-korban-jiwa ● https://www.bnpb.go.id/en/victims-continue-to-rise-321-died-due-to-magnitude-7-earthquake ● https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2018/08/10/310920712/Soil-Liquefaction-Poses-Threat-to-Quake-torn-Lombok-Island ● https://twitter.com/Sutopo_PN/status/1027692178309402624 42 ● https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/3614987/akibat-gempa-7-sr-tanah-kaku-di-lombok-berubah-jadi-gembur-dan-berlumpur