Wetland & Habitat.Indd
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Highland Park - Seattle yg Cloverdale Watershed: Westcrest Park West Seattle Reservoir History & t s White 1 Hydrology h t 5 3 D y e Center l n r i d lso g O e y Park Roxhill Playground amm m History of changes in H m a H e D watershed and current Roxbury watershed boundaries n h t w 7 o 1 White Center Pond Natural Area n Unk Ham m W h i te White Center Pond Natural Area C e n te r M White Center Pond Natural Area y North Shorewood Park e r s ace in White Center White Center Park White Center Heights Park White Center Heights Park ghts Park The Green/Duwamish River Lakewood Park Lake Garrett Watershed History Seola Park th 6 1 Evergreen Athletic Field h c 1851 - European settlement begins in the Duwamish River. a e B a l 1880-1910 - Logging occurs across much of the watershed and in o e S the lower river valley; agricultural land use expands. Salmon Creek Park Shorewood Park t s 1911 - White River is diverted from Green River to Puyallup River 1 for fl ood control, reducing watershed area by 30 percent. Salmon Creek Waterway Southern ek re 1916 - Black and Cedar Rivers are diverted from Duwamish C on lm Sa Arbor Lake River to Lake Washington to improve navigation, further reducing Arbor Lake Park m u a Wetlands & b watershed area by 40 percent from its original size. Salmon Creek Ravine m A Creating Community Open Sp 1900-1940 - Duwamish estuary tidelands are fi lled, drained and Puget Sound Puget Sound Park Habitats Hazel Valley Park dredged to support growing industrial and port activities. 128th 1939-1941 WW2 had large impact on housing, jobs, and land use. 1895-1980 - The Green/Duwamish River is channelized and diked Department of Land- for navigation and fl ood control. Nort scape Architecture, 1945-2000 - Residential, commercial, and industrial land uses University of Washington expand, largely replacing farmlands and forests in the western half Seahurst Park | Project Design Studio, of the WRIA. Winter 2007 | Instruc- Water Flow Directions: tor: Jeff Hou | Student • White Center Greenway and bog, composed of three cells, was originally a headwater Group: Savannah Hines- site that fl owed north to Longfellow Creek, but now is compacted fi ll and doesn’t drain. Elzinga & Tehia Kale- Salmon Creek Basin Plan baugh • Comliance with the Clean Water Act. Collects stormwater for slow infi ltration. • Increase habitat: salmon, trout, species migration. • Hydrology of cell three in the bog is controlled by Mallard Lake when it fl ows north. Landscapes: Tactical • Improve recreation and aesthetic values. • Flow moves from Lake Mallard to Lake Hicks to the Salmon Creek Ravine. N • Must meet requirements of the Endangered Species Act. • White Center Heights Park is a critical aquifer recharge area and fl ows toward Lake Hicks. • Cost effective solutions to surface water drainage problems. • The small wetlands north of Seola, were created by the mining of peat, and currently drain • Reduce fl ooding and increase capacity. toward the Seola Ravine area. • Stewardship programs to engage the community. • The recent creek daylighting at Roxhill playground is a headwater site to Longfellow Creek fl owing north. p. 1 e Roxhill Playground amm m H m Current a H Conditions Roxbury n h t w 7 o 1 White Center Pond Natural Area n Unk H Mapping of current am wetlands, water W h bodies, parks, & open i te White Center Pond Natural Area C e n spaces te r M White Center Pond Natural Area y North Shorewood Park e r s ace in White Center White Center Park White Center Heights Park Current Conditions White Center Heights Park Although some of the habitat zones are associated with the existing parks and open spaces; most are in ravines and left-over spaces. These spaces currently form a patch- work of unlinked sanctuaries for primar- ily urban species. Lakewood Park Lake Garrett Seola Park h t 6 1 Evergreen Athletic Field Wetlands & h c Creating Community Open Sp a e Habitats B a l o e S Salmon Creek Park Most of the wetlands associated with Shorewood Park Department of Land- t s scape Architecture, parks lack any sort of education and/or 1 programming. University of Washington | Project Design Studio, There are currently community groups Winter 2007 | Instruc- Salmon Creek Waterway that are actively taking a role in enhanc- tor: Jeff Hou | Student ek re Group: Savannah Hines- ing these areas (cleaning, weeding, and C on m Elzinga & Tehia Kale- keeping their eyes on the park’s activi- al Arbor Lake S baugh ties). Arbor Lake Park m u Tactical Landscapes: Tactical a b Salmon Creek Ravine m Habitat Zone A N N Puget Sound Puget Sound Park Waterbody Hazel Valley Park Wetland 128th Parks p. 2 a H m a 1) White Center Greenway 9 H Current Roxbury This area is located north of the White Center n h t w 7 o 1 Conditions Park. The ponds consist of three cells. At the n Unk H north end, cells one and two have been cleared am and replanted, but cell three is in the planning W 7 h i te 1 C e Taking a in depth stage. Crime has been greatly been reduced in n te the cleared areas. Currently, a connection from 8 r look at potential sites M y e r 98th Street through to the new Hope VI project s current conditions is desired and the city will build a pedestrian 10 bridge over the bog. Recent improvements 3 and opportunities for have provided improved habitat and given improvements native plants species a chance for survival. 2 Opportunities for this site on page 6. 4 ace in White Center 2) Mallard Lake 11 Mallard Lake is located just south of White Center Park and sits behind the Coronado Apartments. There is a three foot chain link h t fence all around the lake and a small culvert in 6 1 h which water fl ows. This lake fl ows north to the c a e White Center Greenway bog when full. This has B a l o been an area of high crime and the reduced e 5 planting keep the view corridors open. Ducks S and geese heavily use the pond causing high t 12 s levels of fecal contamination. 1 Opportunities: Add low native plants to ek re encourage native habitat. Add lighting and C on m al outdoor furniture. S m u a b Salmon Creek Ravine m 3) White Center Heights Park A 6 Puget Sound Recently, this park received a $550,000 donation from Starbuck’s Coffee to renovate. 128th Currently, there is an extensive wetland and pond on this site that is not being used as Wetlands & productive open space. There are limited Habitats Creating Community Open Sp view corridors and dense invasive foliage that restricts movement through the site. Broad Opportunities Creation of cohesive community based stewardship and training Opprotunities: Wetland restoration, clear Pathways should be easy to follow and surfaces accessible for all pedestrians Department of Land- pathways, establish site identitiy, sittable Maps are provided at trailheads for wayfi nding scape Architecture, “SEA Street” like linkage from park to park spaces, and wayfi nding. University of Washington Green spaces are linked by sidewalks | Project Design Studio, Create Interpretive Signage / Education Winter 2007 | Instruc- 4) Lakewood Park Sittable Spaces tor: Jeff Hou | Student and Lake Hicks Viewing Platforms Group: Savannah Hines- Lighting in appropriate areas Elzinga & Tehia Kale- Lake Hicks, also called Lake Garrett, has a water quality issue. The phosphorous and fecal Safe walkways baugh cloriform levels are high in the lake. A treatment Water quality improvement of alum has been proposed to reduce the algae stormwater retention Landscapes: Tactical blooms and it is uncertain how to deal with the ducks. Recently, a swale system was put stormwater contaminate treatment in place near the parking lot, to fi lter and treat N stormwater runoff. This lake fl ows south toward the Salmon Creek Ravine. This is a popular park in the summer months. Opportunities: Lighting, accessibility, and reduce duck populations. p. 3 a H m a 5) Salmon Creek Park 9 H Current Roxbury This park consists of a wide open grass area n h t w 7 o and a forested area. The second growth forest 1 n Conditions Unk H is well limbed up to keep the site lines open, am W 7 h i te 1 but it is still a dim space. C e Taking a in depth n te 8 r M look at potential sites y e r Opportunities: Improve lighting, accessable 10 s current conditions path system, add low native plantings to and opportunities for stabilize slopes. 3 2 improvements 11 4 ace in White Center 6) Puget Sound Park and Hazelwood Park These two urban parks are mostly grass with h t 6 1 very little programming or habitat potential. The h c a e trees are widely spaced. B a l o e 5 Opportunities: Increase native plantings to S encourage more native spicies. t 12 s 1 ek re C on m al S m u a b Salmon Creek Ravine m 7) Freeway Greenbelt A 6 Adjacent to Hamm Creek, this linear space is a Puget Sound possible migratory corridor. Currently, invasive 128th english ivy and blackberry dominate. Wetlands & Opportunities: Increase native plantings and Habitats Creating Community Open Sp clear out invasive material to encourage more Broad Concerns: native species. • Trash • Maintenance Department of Land- • Lack of stewardship scape Architecture, • Safety in dark areas University of Washington • Limited view corridors | Project Design Studio, • Overgrowth / invasive plants Winter 2007 | Instruc- 8) North Shorewood Park • Lack of programming tor: Jeff Hou | Student This 6.27 acre park is surrounded by residential • Ducks and geese / fecal Group: Savannah Hines- streets and has had crime issues in the past.