2019 TD 218-19(2) TABLED ON NOVEMBER1 3, 2020 2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

For mines operating in the

RAPPORT SUR LES ACCORDS SOCIOÉCONOMIQUES

Mines de diamants des Territoires du Nord-Ouest

Le present document contient la traduction française du résumé et du message du ministre If you would like this information in another official language, call us. English

Si vous voulez ces informations dans une autre langue officielle, contactez-nous. French

Kīspin ki nitawihtīn ē nīhīyawihk ōma ācimōwin, tipwāsinān. Cree

Tłı̨chǫ yatı k’ę̀ę̀. Dı wegodı newǫ dè, gots’o gonede. Tłı̨chǫ

Ɂerıhtł’ıś Dëne Sųłıné yatı t’a huts’elkër xa beyáyatı theɂą ɂat’e, nuwe ts’ën yółtı.

Edı gondı dehgáh got’ı̨e zhatıé k’ę́ę́ edatł’éh enahddhę nıde naxets’ę́ edahłı.́ South Slavey

K’áhshó got’ı̨ne xǝdǝ k’é hederı ɂedı̨htl’é yerınıwę nı ́dé dúle. North Slavey

Jii gwandak izhii ginjìk vat’atr’ijąhch’uu zhit yinohthan jì’, diits’àt ginohkhìi. Gwich’in

Uvanittuaq ilitchurisukupku Inuvialuktun, ququaqluta. Inuvialuktun

ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑎᑎᕐᒃᑲᐃᑦ ᐱᔪᒪᒍᕕᒋᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᓕᕐᒃᓯᒪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᖄᓚᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᑦ. Inuktitut

Hapkua titiqqat pijumagupkit Inuinnaqtun, uvaptinnut hivajarlutit. Inuinnaqtun

Indigenous Languages and Education Secretariat: 867-767-9346 ext. 71037 Francophone Affairs Secretariat: 867-767-9343 billbradenphoto Contents

INTRODUCTION...... 6 ECONOMIC OVERVIEW AND CURRENT NWT ECONOMY...... 11 THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MINING...... 12 STATE OF THE MINING INDUSTRY...... 13 Supply...... 13 Investment...... 13 Exploration...... 13 ESTIMATED MINE LIFE...... 14 STATE OF THE MINING INDUSTRY AND CURRENT NWT ECONOMY...... 15 Six SEAs Are Currently in Force in the NWT...... 15 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT...... 17 WHAT ARE THE PROCUREMENT TARGETS FOR CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND CLOSURE PHASES?...... 19 1996 – 2019 CUMULATIVE MINE PROCUREMENT...... 20 2019 MINE PROCUREMENT...... 21 ROYALTIES AND REVENUE SHARING...... 22 Royalties...... 22 Taxes...... 23 DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE REVENUE SHARING SINCE DEVOLUTION, BY SIGNATORY ($) ����������������������������������������������������24 TOTAL DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE REVENUE SHARING...... 24 RESOURCE REVENUE SHARING ALLOCATION 2018-2019...... 25 SHAYNE PAUL...... 26 HOW A SHARK TANK-STYLE PITCH IS LEADING TO TOURISM OPPORTUNITIES AT DIAVIK ������������������������������������������������28 EMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION...... 31 Introduction...... 32 Employment Targets...... 32 Jobs Held By Northerners...... 32 WHAT ARE THE MINIMUM EMPLOYMENT TARGETS?...... 33 1996-2019 CUMULATIVE MINE EMPLOYMENT...... 34 2019 MINE EMPLOYMENT...... 35 JOB CATEGORIES...... 36 JOBS HELD BY NWT RESIDENTS...... 37 DIAMOND EMPOWERMENT FUND CREATES SCHOLARSHIP FOR NWT STUDENTS ������������������������������������������������������������38 TRAINING...... 41 Apprenticeships...... 42 2019 TRAINING INVESTMENTS BY IMPACTED COMMUNITY...... 43 TRAINING FOR ENTRY LEVEL ROLES...... 44 YKDFN Operator Course...... 44 Mine Training Society...... 44 TRAINING FOR SEMI-SKILLED ROLES...... 44 Skills 4 Success...... 44 Labour Market Agreements...... 44 TRAINING FOR SKILLED ROLES...... 45 Apprenticeship, Trades and Occupational Certification...... 45 Northern Leadership Development Program...... 45 TRAINING FOR PROFESSIONAL ROLES...... 46 Student Financial Assistance Program...... 46 Mine Industry Support...... 46 THE MINE TRAINING SOCIETY...... 47 WELLNESS...... 49 Community Well-Being...... 50 Mental Health First Aid...... 50 COMMUNITY WELL-BEING INDEX...... 51 EMPLOYEE FAMILY ASSISTANCE PROGRAM...... 52 CREATING A CULTURE OF MENTAL HEALTH WELLNESS...... 53 WOMEN IN MINING...... 55 Supports STEM...... 56 Women in Mining...... 56 WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION...... 57 DE BEERS CANADA IMPACT CAMP FOR INDIGENOUS GIRLS SHINES LIGHT ON STEM ������������������������������������������������������58 CONCLUSION...... 60 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION AND SUMMARY DATA TABLES...... 61 6 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

This document is a reporting Major resource developments in the Northwest and accounting of the state of Territories (NWT) have a significant impact on its Socio-economic Agreements lands, resources and people. To mitigate these, and the Northwest Territories diamond industry for the year as a proposed project goes through the necessary 2019. regulatory reviews and approvals process, the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) As such, it does not address requires a follow-up program called a Socio- or reflect the impacts of COVID-19 (including the Economic Agreement (SEA) be instituted. action by Dominion to apply for Creditor These agreements formalize provide a healthy, trained workforce Protection). commitments and reflect from which NWT projects can draw. predictions made by a company The GNWT collects and analyzes data For the best possible context, during its regulatory review. annually to identify and understand this report should be read and Importantly, SEAs provide NWT changes and trends related to mining considered as if it was written residents a clear picture of impacts activity important to lasting benefits and benefits that will accrue to of the SEA. on December 31, 2019. them, their community or region, and to the NWT overall. The Department of Industry, Tourism Three SEAs were active in and Investment (ITI) is responsible the NWT in 2019; for the Commitments made in an SEA for negotiating these agreements on currently operating Ekati are comprehensive and normally behalf of the GNWT. It also oversees Diamond Mine (Ekati), Diavik include employment and their implementation, monitors Diamond Mine (Diavik),and business opportunities; training how well each party carries out programs; cultural well-being and its respective responsibilities, and the Gahcho Kué Diamond traditional economy opportunities; coordinates reporting activities. Mine (Gahcho Kué). community, family, and individual Partly guided by the information well-being; net effects on compiled and presented in this government; and sustainable document, ITI partners with the development. Department of Health and Social Services (HSS) and Education, Culture In addition to industry and Employment (ECE) and others commitments, SEAs also include to mitigate potential or anticipated commitments by the GNWT to risks to a community or region while maximizing benefits to NWT residents and their communities. 7

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

This report presents 2019 statistics The statistics tell the success story. and data in four groupings: The procurement commitment to the NWT overall; ; spending in the NWT is resulting Small Local Communities (SLCs) in a significant contribution to its distinguished by their geographic economy, especially for Indigenous- proximity to the operating mines; owned enterprises. Between 1996 and Remaining NWT Communities. and 2019, roughly 70 per cent of the The eight SLCs include Behchokǫ̀, value of NWT mine procurement Dettah, , Gamètı̀, has been with Northern and NWT Łutselk’e, Ndilǫ̀, Wekweètı̀ and Indigenous Businesses—totaling Whatì. more than $23.2 billion. Of that, NWT mines contributed over $7.1 The importance of SEAs extends billion to Northern Indigenous to the economic benefits they enterprises. In 2019 alone, NWT generate. The entire sequence diamond mines spent $369.45 of any resource project stretches million on Northern Indigenous from the exploration phase through procurement. the production phase to closure and reclamation—often spanning Thanks in part to opportunities several decades. Over that time, a offered through SEAs, Indigenous large number of people, and huge enterprises continue to multiply and volumes of goods and services, are grow in NWT. They’re increasingly involved. playing pivotal roles in almost every business and industry sector, To back those needs, SEAs set out driving the development of a skilled targets for local procurement of and vibrant Northern workforce. goods and services, employment, training and other measures that This report presents the full story of serve to accrue benefits to NWT what was achieved by SEAs in 2019. Residents and Businesses including, in large part the Indigenous sector. 8 INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Le présent document dresse Les grands projets d’exploitation des ressources un portrait informatif réalisés en sol ténois ont d’importantes et financier des accords répercussions sur les terres, les ressources et socioéconomiques et du secteur des diamants aux les populations. Lorsqu’un projet est soumis Territoires du Nord-Ouest aux examens réglementaires et au processus pour l’année 2019. d’approbation prescrits, le gouvernement des Territoires du Nord-Ouest (GTNO) exige la mise en À ce titre, il ne prend pas en compte les répercussions de place d’un programme de suivi appelé accord socio- la COVID-19, notamment la économique (ASE) afin d’atténuer les répercussions demande de protection des du projet en question. créanciers par Dominion Diamonds. Ces accords officialisent les En plus des engagements de Il est tout indiqué de lire ce engagements et reflètent les l’industrie, les ASE comprennent rapport en tenant compte prévisions faites par les sociétés également des engagements selon au moment de leur examen lesquels le GTNO doit fournir une qu’il a été rédigé le 31 réglementaire. Il convient de noter main-d’œuvre solide et formée décembre 2019. que les ASE donnent aux Ténois pour la réalisation des projets visés. une image claire des répercussions Pour définir et comprendre les En 2019, trois ASE étaient qu’auront les projets sur eux, changements et les tendances liés à en vigueur aux TNO; un leur collectivité ou leur région et l’activité minière, le GTNO recueille pour la mine de diamant les TNO en général ainsi que des et analyse des données importantes actuellement en exploitation retombées auxquelles ils peuvent pour que les ASE aient des effets s’attendre. durables. Ekati (Ekati), un pour la mine de diamant Diavik (Diavik) et Les engagements pris dans le C’est au ministère de l’Industrie, un pour la mine de diamant cadre d’un ASE sont exhaustifs et du Tourisme et de l’Investissement Gahcho Kué (Gahcho Kué). comprennent habituellement des (MITI) qu’il revient de négocier occasions d’emploi et d’affaires, ces accords au nom du GTNO. Ce des programmes de formation, ministère supervise également des possibilités en lien avec le leur mise en œuvre en plus de bien-être culturel et l’économie surveiller la façon dont chaque partie traditionnelle, ainsi que le bien-être s’acquitte de ses responsabilités des collectivités, des familles et des respectives et de coordonner les personnes; ils ont des effets nets activités de production de rapports. sur le gouvernement et assurent un Guidé en partie par l’information développement durable. compilée et présentée dans le 9

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

présent document, le MITI Pour répondre à ces besoins, les un rôle essentiel dans presque s'associe au ministère de la Santé ASE établissent des objectifs en tous les secteurs commerciaux et et des Services sociaux (MSSS), matière d’achats locaux de biens et industriels, ce qui est favorable au ministère de la Culture, de de services, d’emploi, de formation au développement d’une main- l’Éducation et de la Formation et d’autres mesures qui servent d’œuvre territoriale qualifiée et (MÉCF) et à d’autres partenaires à accroître les retombées pour dynamique. pour atténuer les risques potentiels les résidents et les entreprises ou prévus pour une collectivité des TNO, notamment le secteur Le présent rapport brosse un ou une région donnée tout en autochtone. tableau complet des réalisations maximisant les avantages de attribuables aux ASE en 2019. l’exploitation minière aux TNO pour Les statistiques révèlent que les résidents et leurs collectivités. les ASE donnent des résultats. L’engagement de dépenses aux Le présent rapport contient des TNO se traduit par une contribution statistiques et des données de majeure à l’économie du territoire, 2019 qui sont divisées en quatre en particulier pour les entreprises groupes : l’ensemble des TNO, appartenant à des Autochtones. Yellowknife, les petites collectivités Entre 1996 et 2019, environ locales qui se distinguent par 70 % de la valeur des achats des leur proximité géographique des mines des TNO ont été effectués mines en exploitation et les autres auprès d’entreprises ténoises et collectivités ténoises. Les petites d’entreprises autochtones des collectivités locales, au nombre de TNO, ce qui représente plus de 23,2 huit, sont Behchokǫ̀, Detah, Fort milliards de dollars depuis 1996. Resolution, Gamètı̀, Łutselk’e, Ndilǫ̀, De ce montant, les mines ténoises Wekweèti et Whatì. ont versé plus de 7,1 milliards de dollars aux entreprises autochtones L’importance des ASE va jusqu’aux ténoises. En 2019 uniquement, les retombées économiques qu’ils mines de diamants des TNO ont génèrent. La séquence complète dépensé 369,45 millions de dollars de tout projet d’exploitation des pour s’approvisionner auprès ressources s’étend de la phase d’entreprises autochtones ténoises. d’exploration à la fermeture de la mine et à la remise en état des Grâce en partie aux possibilités lieux, en passant par la phase de offertes par les ASE, les entreprises production, et s’échelonne souvent autochtones continuent de se sur plusieurs décennies. Au cours de multiplier et de se développer aux cette période, un grand nombre de TNO. Elles jouent de plus en plus personnes et d’énormes volumes de biens et de services entrent en jeu. 10 11

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Economic Overview and Current NWT Economy BUSINESS AND ECONOMY AND BUSINESS Overall, diamond mining continues to be a foundation for the NWT economy. Mining is one of the largest industries in the NWT, con- tributing 27 per cent of the territory's GDP, with three operating diamond mines: Diavik, Gahcho Kué and Ekati. However, there are several upcoming projects currently in their planning stages. Nota- bly, consistently high predictions for zinc demand have encouraged rejuvenation of two previously-mined deposits: the Pine Point mine by Osisko Metals Inc. and NorZinc Ltd.’s Prairie Creek mine. $1,171,300,000 Mining Direct impact of mining in 2019 27% The rest of22% the NWT Economy 73%

Mining accounts for 27% of the NWT’s GDP

11 12 ECONOMIC OVERVIEW AND STATE OF THE MINING INDUSTRY

The Economic Impact of Mining

GDP, or Gross Domestic In 2019, NWT GDP totalled But that is not the entire Product, is a measure of the $4.30 billion. Of that, mining economic impact of the mining value of economic activity contributed more than $1.17 industry. NWT mines contribute within a region such as a billion, or 27 per cent. In significantly to other sectors province or country. It is fact, since 1999, mining has of the economy as well. The defined as the total market contributed $34.7 billion, or mining industry spends locally value of all goods and services 36 per cent, to the NWT’s GDP. and brings benefits to both produced by an economy during Diamond mining has been the the construction ($282.9 a specified period. To account largest direct contributor during million to GDP in 2019) and for inflation, GDP is measured in that period. transportation ($252.5 million real, or chained, 2012 dollars. to GDP in 2019) industries. And mining contributes indirectly to less obvious sectors like retail ($163.5 million in 2019) and real In 2019, Mining Accounts for 27% estate ($402.3 million in 2019). of the NWT’s GDP These sector contributions totalled an additional $1.10 billion to NWT’s GDP in 2019.

Mining 27% Direct impact of mining in 2019 The rest of the NWT $1,171,300,000 Economy 73%

Jobs support other sectors Mines spend money locally so other industries benefit too of the economy

Real Estate Retail/Wholesale $402.3 $163.5 Transportation Construction million million $252.5 $282.9 million million 13

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

State of the Mining Industry

Diamond Supply Investment Exploration The NWT’s three operating In 2019-2020, the Government The Mineral Resources Act, mines, Ekati, Diavik, and Gahcho of Northwest Territories passed in August 2019, sets Kué make NWT the world’s third (GNWT) invested nearly $1 the stage for new incentives largest diamond producer by million in grassroots mineral to further encourage mineral value. exploration through its Mining exploration in the NWT by Incentive Program. establishing designated exploration zones. Establishing All season roads are needed zones enhances incentives for to link many of the NWT’s explorers willing to invest in communities to each other and priority or difficult-to-explore the South. Resource projects areas. also need roads to get ore to processing facilities and markets. There are two access projects currently at different stages of development: the Tłıchǫ̨ All-Season Road project, which will connect the community of Whatì to the NWT highway system while providing road access to southern processing facilities and markets for Fortune Minerals’ NICO project, and the Slave Geological Province Corridor which will open in the future, a large area of both NWT and Nunavut for mineral exploration and development. Preliminary studies are now underway for this project. 14 ECONOMIC OVERVIEW AND STATE OF THE MINING INDUSTRY

Estimated Mine Life The three operating diamond mines in the NWT are expected to produce for several more years. At Diavik, where open-pit operations began in 2003, the revised mine plan which now includes the A-21 pit, has extended production to 2025. Ekati’s production life is now extended to 2034. Gahcho Kué is estimated to operate until 2030 with the discovery of the new kimberlite pipe in 2019.

1996 Estimated 600 person years employment Ekati

Estimated 2001 1200 PY Diavik

2015 Estimated 300 person years employment Gahcho Kué

2021 Estimated 200 person years employment Prairie Creek

1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 2029 2034 2039 15

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

State of the Mining Industry and Current NWT Economy

Six SEAs are currently in force in NWT: •  (Signed in 1996)

• (Signed in 1999)

•  (Signed in 2004, on care and maintenance since 2015)

• Gahcho Kué Mine (Signed in 2014)

• NICO Project (Signed in 2019)

• Prairie Creek Mine (Signed in 2011)

Looking to potential future mining activity in the North, at least eight projects show promise for production this decade:

1. Cheetah and Avalon's Nehchalacho 2.0 (Rare Earth Minerals)

2. NorZinc’s Prairie Creek (Zinc, Lead, Silver)

3. Seabridge Gold’s Courageous Lake (Gold)

4. Nighthawk Gold’s Indin Lake and Colomac (Gold)

5. Osisko’s Pine Point Project (Zinc, Lead)

6. Cantung and Mactung (Tungsten)

7. Gold Terra's Yellowknife Gold Project (Gold)

8. Fortune Mineral's NICO (Cobalt, Gold, Bismuth, Copper) billbradenphoto Business and Procurement

It’s not all easily measured simply by looking at GDP. Mines also contribute a great deal to the economy though their support of NWT and Indigenous Businesses. With procurement targets set out in SEAs and projects backed by the evolution and growth of a strong, Indigenous and made-in-the significant buying power, the NWT’s mining industry has stimulated spent $813 million directly on local businesses. The cumulative totalNWT spend service on sector. local businessesThe figures by bear NWT this mines out. In is 2019, now an NWT estimated mines $16.24 billion.

1996-2019 2019 $16.24 B $813 M TOTAL HISTORICAL SPENDING AMOUNT SPENT ON NWT WITH NWT BUSINESSES BUSINESSES IN 2019

17 18 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

Business and Procurement Between 1996 and 2019, roughly 70% of the value of mine procurement has been with NWT and NWT Indigenous Businesses.

Cumulative Mine Procurement 1996-2019

This also means that 30% of procurement has gone South. 19

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

What are the procurement targets for construction, operation, and closure phases?

CONSTRUCTION OPERATION CLOSURE

Construction Operation Phase: 28% Phase: 70% Ekati

Construction Operation Closure Phase: 38% Phase: 70% Phase: 70% Diavik

Construction Operation Closure Phase: 30% Phase: 60% Phase: 60% Gahcho Kué 20 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

1996-2019* CUMULATIVE Mine Procurement

NWT mines have spent more than $23.2 billion in procurement from NWT and Indigenous NWT Businesses since 1996. Of that, NWT mines contributed over $7.1 billion to Northern Indigenous enterprises.

1996-2019 70%

Ekati Diavik Gahcho Kué Snap Lake

$7,182M (31%) $9,058M (39%) $6,974M (30%)

TOTAL NWT Mine Procurement: $23,214M (100%)

$2,339M (25%) $4,249M (45%) $2,814 M (30%)

Ekati Cumulative Mine Procurement: $9,402M (100%)

$3,645M (38%) $3,154M (33%) $2,717M (29%) Diavik Cumulative Mine Procurement: $9,516M (100%)

$267M (16%) $786M (45%) $656M (39%) Gahcho Kué Cumulative Mine Procurement: $1,710M (100%)

$931M (36%) $869M (34%) $787M (30%) Snap Lake Cumulative Mine Procurement: $2587M (100%)

LEGEND Purchasing from Purchasing from Purchasing from Total NWT Indigenous Businesses NWT Businesses non-NWT Businesses

* Cumulative mine procurement numbers are approximate. They are meant to show the proportion of procurement that stays local. These figures are not an exact accounting of every purchase from every mine. 21

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT 2019 Mine Procurement

In 2019, NWT diamond mines spent $369.45 million on Northern Indigenous procurement. Two of the three active diamond mines, Diavik and Gahcho Kué, met their commitments of 70 per cent and 60 per cent respectively on NWT procurement for the year. Ekati failed to meet its commitment of 70 per cent NWT procurement in 2019. Ekati fell short of its procurement target by 14 per cent with a contribution of $221.67 million. 2019 68% 2% below targets

Ekati Diavik Gahcho Kué TARGET 70% Fell 2% below procurement targets.

$370M (31%) $444M (37%) $378M (32%)

TOTAL NWT Mine Procurement: $1,191M (100%)

TARGET 70% Fell short of target by 14%

$143M (36%) $79M (20%) $176M (44%)

Ekati Total Mine Procurement 2019: $398M (100%)

TARGET 70% Exceeded procurement targets by 4%

$167M (33%) $204M (41%) $131M (26%)

Diavik Total Mine Procurement 2019: 501M (100%)

TARGET 60% Exceeded procurement target by 16%

$60M (21%) $161M (55%) $71M (24%)

Gahcho Kué Total Mine Procurement 2019: $292M (100%)

LEGEND Purchasing from Purchasing from Purchasing from Total NWT Indigenous Business NWT Businesses non-NWT Businesses 22 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

Royalties and Revenue Sharing

Resource revenues after land The GNWT raises revenues from Royalties are calculated on claim payments are shared resources in two primary ways: the basis of profits from each with the federal government taxes and royalties. mining operation. Income and indigenous governments. from mining is influenced by One-half of resource revenues Royalties numerous factors, for example: (subject to a cap) are retained market prices, the quality of by the GNWT, with the Royalties are charged by resources being extracted, cost remainder being offset by the the GNWT on the value of production, and exchange federal government against of the minerals that are rates. The higher the income, the GNWT’s Territorial Formula extracted from the ground. the more the NWT collects in Financing grant. The amount Non-renewable resources, royalties. retained by the GNWT after once extracted, are no longer this offset is called the Net available for future use. In 2018-19, the GNWT collected Fiscal Benefit. 25 per cent of Royalties serve to convert a $23 million in resource revenues the Net Fiscal Benefit is shared depleting resource into an (includes non-diamond with participating Indigenous income stream for the public revenues). governments. benefit of all NWT residents.

The amount of revenues collected each year varies depending on the performance of operating mines. Over the past 5 years, the GNWT has collected an average of nearly $100 million annually in revenues from diamond mines. 23

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Taxes Taxes Paid by Employers Taxes Paid by Employees

The diamond mines provide the Corporate taxes Payroll taxes GNWT with significant revenues Corporate income tax rate is All employees in the NWT from corporate income tax, charged at a rate of 11.5% of (resident and non-resident) are property tax, fuel tax and corporate taxable income in the charged a flat 2% payroll tax on carbon tax. In addition, their NWT. their gross employment income. employees pay payroll tax and personal income tax. Property taxes Personal income tax Mines in the NWT are charged Resident employees of In the past three years, taxes on the value of their the diamond mines pay diamond mines have properties. Most of the personal income tax on their contributed about 40 percent of property tax revenue collected employment income. the GNWT’s corporate income, by the GNWT comes from the fuel, property, and payroll tax diamond mines. revenue. Fuel taxes Mines employ power generation facilities, haul trucks and processing equipment. This equipment uses a lot of fuel and this consumption (except heating) is taxed.

Carbon tax The diamond mines are subject to carbon tax on the fuel that is consumed in their operations (with offsetting rebate). 24 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

Distributed Resource Revenue Sharing Since Devolution, by Signatory ($)

Indigenous Group 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Acho Dene Koe First Nation $188,133 $135,105 $197,272 $174,755 $74,162

Deninu K’ue First Nation $238,226 $181,971 $265,450 $244,861 $102,559

Gwich’in Tribal Council $1,182,521 $942,063 $1,373,398 $1,254,427 $527,224

Inuvialuit Regional Corporation $1,815,566 $1,441,671 $2,101,856 $1,973,271 $821,920

Kátł’odeeche First Nation $131,661 $126,627 $184,153 $167,322 $70,503

Northwest Territory Métis Nation $627,601 $497,521 $725,368 $645,201 $273,568

Sahtu Secretariat Inc. $1,335,446 $1,067,134 $1,555,666 $1,448,762 $605,048

Salt River First Nation $250,542 $191,636 $279,544 $247,922 $105,205

Tłįchǫ Government $1,213,736 $961,408 $1,401,716 $1,269,178 $534,950

Totals $6,983,432 $5,545,136 $8,084,423 $7425,699 $3,115,139

Total Distributed Resource Sharing

$8,084,423 $7,425,699 $6,983,432

$5,545,136

$3,115,139

2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 2018-2019 25

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Resource Revenue Sharing Allocation 2018-2019 ($ Thousands)

Gwich’in Tribal Council ($527)

Sahtu Secretariat Inc.($605) 26 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

Shayne Paul

Shayne Paul, a Yellowknife local, increasingly aware of the career has seen his career in mining span opportunities that exist in mining. two decades, three mines and However, when Paul began his three countries. own career two decades ago, the path was not so well-tread. After starting his career with Diavik Diamond Mine, he had “When I went back to university for my engineering degree, I operations, meaning exploring wasn’t truly seeking a career unchartedthe chance territoryto work onwhere greenfield mineral in the mining industry. But the deposits are not yet known to timing worked out and before I exist. He helped start up the Oyu Tolgoi Mine in Mongolia, while mines started up and so came the navigating new cultural terrain for jobfinished opportunities university, - Ithe jumped diamond at the simple tasks like buying groceries chance with the Diavik project and and crossing the street. And most ended up in mining 18 years later,” recently he worked to usher the he says. NWT’s newest diamond mine, Gahcho Kué, into production – a Paul put his civil engineering degree to work, and moved up the ranks becoming mining operation.mine that produced more than five superintendent at Diavik and million carats in its first year of later Senior Mining Manager It’s a career that has been lengthy at De Beers’ Gahcho Kué. Over

included everything from remote Inas 2019,well as 1334 fulfilling. PY NWT Residents andthe years isolated his terrain,office view helicopters, has are employed by the diamond conferences, boardrooms, site mines. Thanks to facilities like the facilities, and everything in Kimberlite Career and Technical between. Centre, organizations like the Mine Training Society and leaders like Paul himself, NWT locals are 27

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

“I’m especially proud In 2019, Paul was recognized training development, business during the sold-out NWT Mining and infrastructure support, of my time with the and Exploration Awards Gala educational opportunities, and where he took home the award more,” Paul explains. Gahcho Kué mining and for Indigenous Achievement for maintenance teams his work at Gahcho Kué through Though his four-year expat role in construction and the first two Mongolia was an exciting venture and the efforts by all years of operations. for Paul and his family, IMAGEhe was eager to return to his roots in the in bringing the mine He’s a shining example of what North. to First Ore. As a new is possible when talent and a strong work ethic collide with “My roles at both Diavik and member with De Beers, mining industry opportunities. Gahcho Kué have been very rewarding but the best thing it was truly a start-up “Obviously, mining brings about working at the diamond for myself – both in a positive economic factors to the mines in the North have been North directly through jobs and the people I have been able to project sense and a business opportunities but it can meet along the way. The mining also drive positive change for the industry is a small world and new role with a new Northerners and communities this “mining” world is even company. It was a very if all areas are tapped into: smaller in the North.” rewarding process to make the company transition and being able to make the study work come to life at the Mine,” says Paul. It’s an achievement that didn’t go unnoticed. 28 BUSINESS AND PROCUREMENT

How a Shark Tank-style pitch is leading to tourism opportunities at Diavik

After 12 years working at destination and Yellowknife, pitch shows Shark Tank and Diavik Diamond Mine, Alex the diamond capital of North Dragon’s Den. He was a bit Clinton’s passion for mining America, receives the bulk of surprised by his win but saw hasn’t dimmed. “Mining is the visitors. It makes sense that that the “panel of judges interesting!” he says, “almost people visiting the Diamond recognized that tourism and everything we use in our daily capital of North America would mining can work together and life comes from mining. It is be interested to see a diamond both industries would benefit fascinating to learn where mine tour,” he says. from the relationship.” materials come from and how they are processed.” It was a The Pioneering Pitch contest Fast forward to 2019 and passion he wanted to share with is open to all 46,000 Rio Tinto Clinton was happily welcoming more people so when Rio Tinto employees to encourage the first-ever familiarization issued their call for a contest innovation in safety, resource tour to site. Familiarization called Pioneering Pitch Clinton stewardship, and partnerships. tours are designed to immediately knew what he Clinton pitched his idea of give local, national and wanted to pitch. developing tourism around international tourism industry the territory’s mining industry representatives an inside “The Northwest Territories in 2018 in front of a panel of glimpse into tours they can has become a popular tourist judges he compared to popular begin offering.

Courtesy of Diavik Diamond Mines 29

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Representatives from Industry, mined, colossal equipment at rich history of prospecting, Tourism and Investment; work and the wind farm. They’ll staking and mineral exploration, NWT Tourism; the Indigenous learn about the mining process it’s sure to be a hit. Tourism Association of Canada; from exploration and staking, to Air Canada; Yellowknife Tours; mining, through reclamation. “People that are interested in Arctic Tours Canada; and more unique destinations, remote took part in the experience. A fascinating educational wilderness, ice roads, cold component is also in store for weather expertise, responsible Diavik is located in a remote visitors. They’ll have the chance mining, technology, amazing part of the world that few to see kimberlite samples, photo ops, learning and people are lucky enough to cores, diamonds and pieces diamonds will enjoy a tour ever see, Clinton says as he of wood that are 50 million of Diavik. Did I mention the paints a picture of the aerial years old. “The wood samples diamonds?” scenery guests can enjoy on found in the kimberlite are their way to site: seemingly remnants of the tropical forest endless lakes and forests, the that covered the area 50 million tree-line, tundra, eskers, and years ago,” Clinton explains. crystal clear ice roads. Once they land, a guided tour shows It’s an innovative and guests the dikes that hold water educational tour that is new to back as the kimberlites are the NWT. With the territory’s

Courtesy of Diavik Diamond Mines 30 INTRODUCTION

Four SEAs were active in When a major resource development, that can the NWT in 2018; for the have an impact on Northwest Territories (NWT) currently operating Ekati lands, resources and people, makes its way through Diamond Mine (Ekati), Diavik Diamond Mine (Diavik) and regulatory reviews and approvals, the Government Gahcho Kué Diamond Mine of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) asks for a (Gahcho Kué) - and the Snap follow-up program to be put in place in the form of Lake Diamond Mine (Snap a Socio-Economic Agreement (SEA). Lake) which was placed under care and maintenance in These agreements formalize is responsible for negotiating December 2015. commitments and reflect these agreements on behalf of predictions made by a company the GNWT. It also oversees their during its regulatory review and implementation, monitors how give NWT residents a chance to well each party carries out its understand what the project will respective responsibilities, and mean to them, their community coordinates reporting activities. or region, and the NWT. This report presents statistics Commitments made in an SEA and data in four groupings: can include: the NWT overall, Yellowknife, Small Local Communities • Employment and business (SLCs) distinguished due to opportunities their geographic proximity to the operating mines; and • Cultural well-being and Remaining NWT Communities. traditional economy SLCs are identified to be • Community, family, and Behchokǫ̀, Detah, Fort individual well-being Resolution, Gamètı,̀ Łutselk’e, Ndilǫ̀, Wekweètı̀ and Whatì. • Net effects on government The SLCs are displayed on the • Sustainable development map on page 4.

SEAs also include commitments It is safe to assume that resource by the GNWT to provide a development will impact healthy, trained workforce communities. Guided, in part, by from which NWT projects the information compiled and can draw; and to collect and presented in this document, the analyze data to identify and GNWT is working to mitigate understand changes and trends potential or anticipated risks to related to mining activity. a community or region while billbradenphoto maximizing benefits from NWT The Department of Industry, mining to NWT residents and Tourism and Investment (ITI) their communities. SINCE 1996 RESIDENT EMPLOYMENT PERSON YEARS OF NWT 30,337 Residents. 1,184 person-years ofemployment to NWT Residents. In2019,mining operations produced over 30,337person-years ofemployment to NWT Since 1996,thesediamondmineshave provided Lake, was placedoncare andmaintenance in2015. NWT: Diavik, Ekati, andGahchoKué. Afourth, Snap Three diamondminescurrently operate inthe Employment and Participation REPORT 2019 AGREEMENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC 1996-2019 IN 2019 IN RESIDENT EMPLOYMENT PERSON YEARS OF NWT 1,184 2019

31 31

BUSINESS AND ECONOMY 32 EMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION

Employment and Participation

Introduction Despite the ongoing shortfalls, in 2019 the three operating diamond mines employed 2,884 Mining operations provide employment to NWT workers (person-years). Of these, 1,334 residents either directly, through employment at (46 per cent) were NWT Residents. the mine site, or indirectly, through companies and organizations that work with the NWT Jobs Held by Northerners diamond mines. Under current SEA reporting guidelines, NWT Under their SEA guidelines, mining companies mining companies are also obligated to report are required to set employment targets aimed at their employees according to job categories at ensuring the majority of job opportunities from their company. natural resource operations stay in the North. In 2019, the majority of the NWT workforce Employment Targets employed at mining operations was reported as either entry-level (85 per cent NWT) or semi- Each of the four NWT diamond mines and their skilled positions (65 per cent NWT). Positions contractors have different employment targets under the skilled category were divided evenly for their construction, operation and closure between NWT and non-NWT employees. phases. The four set their original targets as: Professional and management positions, earning the highest wages, were held mostly by southern • Ekati: construction - 33 per cent; workers. operation - 62 per cent Overall, 75 per cent of the skilled category • Diavik: construction - 40 per cent; positions were typically attained through post- operation - 66 per cent; closure - 66 per cent secondary education.

• Gahcho Kué: construction - 35 per cent; operation - 55 per cent; closure - 55 per cent

• Snap Lake: construction - 40 per cent; operation - 60 per cent; closure - 60 per cent

All four mines have historically fallen short of their SEA-agreement employment commitments. In 2019, none of the active mines met their Northern employment targets. Diavik last met targets in 2008, Ekati in 2004, and Gahcho Kué has yet to do so. Snap Lake last met its employment targets in 2005. 33

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

What are the minimum employment targets?

Employment Targets

CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS 33% NWT 62% NWT Ekati of which 44% is Indigenous of which 50% is Indigenous

CONSTRUCTION OPERATIONS CLOSURE 40% NWT 66% NWT 66% NWT Diavik of which 40% is Indigenous

CONSTRUCTION OPERATING CLOSURE

Gahcho Kué 35% NWT 55% NWT 55% NWT 34 EMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION

1996-2019* CUMULATIVE Mine Employment 1996-2019 51%

Ekati Diavik Gahcho Kué Snap Lake

Indigenous NWT 13,889 PY (25%) NWT 14,017 PY (26%) Southern Employment 27,063 PY (49%)

54,970 PY (100%) TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

Indigenous NWT NWT 8,215 PY (25%) Southern 16,190 PY (48%) Ekati 9,017 PY (27%) 33,422 PY (100%) TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

Indigenous NWT NWT 5,225 PY (28%) Southern 8,857 PY (48%) Diavik 4,360 PY (24%) 18,442 PY (100%) TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

Indigenous NWT NWT 577 PY(18%) Southern 2,016 PY (65%) Gahcho Kué 522 PY(17%) 3,115 PY (100%) TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

LEGEND Indigenous NWT NWT Southern Employment Employment Employment

* Employment is expressed in Person Years. Person Years (PY) is defined as 2,140 hours, an equivalent to a two weeks in and two weeks out rotation. 35

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

2019* Mine Employment 2019 46%

Ekati Diavik Gahcho Kué

NWT Indigenous Employment NWT Employment Southern Employment 697 PY (24%) 637 PY (22%) 1,550 PY (54%)

2,884 PY (100%) IN 2019

COMMITMENT MINING EMPLOYMENT 62% FELL 20% % below employment commitment

Ekati 304 PY (25%) 191 PY (16%) 691 PY (59%) 1,186 PY (100%) IN 2019

COMMITMENT MINING EMPLOYMENT 66% FELL 16% below employment commitment

Diavik 242 PY (22%) 313 PY (28%) 569 PY (50%) 1,124 PY (100%) IN 2019

COMMITMENT MINING EMPLOYMENT 55% Fell 5% below employment commitment

Gahcho Kué 151 PY (26%) 133 PY (23%) 290 PY (51%) 574 PY (100%) IN 2019

LEGEND NWT NWT Southern Employment and Southern Indigenous Employment Employment Gap between target and performance Employment

*Employment is expressed in Person Years. Person Years (PY) is defined as 2,140 hours, an equivalent to a two weeks in and two weeks out rotation. 36 EMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION

Job Categories

Professional & Management – Requires a University Degree and/or Professional Designation Positions may include: Engineers, Accountants, Lawyers

Skilled Labour – Requires a journeyman certification, and years of experience in the role. Positions may include: Electricians, Plumbers, Industrial Mechanics

Semi-Skilled Labour – Includes some schooling and experience Positions may include: Apprentices, Front-line Supervisors, Operators

Entry-Level Jobs – Requires Grade 10-12 and can be trained on the job. Positions may include: Housekeeper, Cook’s Helper, Labourer 37

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Jobs Held By NWT Residents

Professional & Management 25% Jobs like: Engineers, Accountants and Lawyers

Skilled Labour 50% Jobs like: Electricians, Plumbers, Industrial Mechanics

Semi-skilled Labour 65% Jobs like: Apprentices, Front-line Supervisors, Operators

Entry-level Jobs 85% Jobs like: Housekeeper, Cook’s Helper, Labourer

Overall, mines are employing 50% NWT Residents, but the jobs are concentrated in entry level and semi-skilled labour. 38 EMPLOYMENT AND PARTICIPATION

Diamond Empowerment Fund Creates Scholarship for NWT Students

Thanks to the Diamond The announcement was made Empowerment Fund’s Empowerment Fund, pursuing at the Kimberlite Career education and training in and Technical Centre at mission. We are thrilled mining-related fields became Yellowknife’s École St. Patrick to be part of this easier for NWT students in 2019 High School – a fitting venue for with the announcement of a the message. Originally opened partnership with the new $25,000 scholarship, which in 2004 thanks to the support of has since been renewed for NWT diamond mines, it fosters Mine Training Society 2020. and produces pre-trades ready and to recognize the students for the Northern The GNWT facilitated the workforce. importance of Canada partnership in 2019 after receiving a Diamonds Do In a news release, Anna Martin, to the natural diamond Good award from the president of the Diamond mining industry.” Diamond Empowerment Fund Empowerment Fund stated for laying the groundwork The scholarship is available to for partnerships between “Creating education 18-30 year-olds in the NWT and governments, Indigenous Kitikmeot region of Nunavut to communities, and industry to and employment further their careers in mining- benefit the NWT. related fields. opportunities for youth who live in areas where The fund will be awarded by the Mine Training Society whose natural diamonds work is focused on building a strong, engaged and local are found is at the workforce in the NWT’s mining heart of the Diamond industry. 39

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Mine Training Society/billbradenphoto 40

Mine Training Society/billbradenphoto 41

Training

Under SEA guidelines, mining companies establish targets to support training and development of the NWT workforce. They are especially encouraged to support NWT individuals who are interested in pursuing a career in the mining industry and relevant

various levels of training programs. The GNWT worksfields by with employing the mines apprentices to encourage and these creating residents to explore different pathways for their education through post-secondary education, apprenticeships, and other training programs.

252 1,247 NWT Apprentices in NWT Students receiving Student mine-related trades Financial Assistance (SFA) 42 TRAINING

Training

Apprenticeships Ekati has committed under Gahcho Kué has committed its SEA to make available all to providing 10 apprentices opportunities of advancement throughout the life of the mine. to employees who are NWT They’ve completed 30 per Residents, including training cent of that commitment since and apprenticeship. It continues operations began in 2018 with to meet this commitment three apprentices. and employed 13 apprentices (person-years) in 2019. All of the diamond mines met their 2019 training Diavik has committed to commitments, employing a total provide for at least eight and of 44 apprentices for the year. up to 18 apprentice positions In fact, NWT diamond mines annually during the operation have consistently exceeded phase under their SEA. They’ve their commitments to employ continued to exceed these apprentices. commitments, training 22 new apprentices in 2019 alone. Sixty-one apprentices have successfully completed Diavik’s program since 2003. 43

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT 2019 Training Investments by Impacted Community

Gamtì TOTAL

CLDF - - - hatì SFA - - W SCES -

Great Bear TOTAL SFA - - kwetì Lae e SCEC - - W

Délınę Ekati TOTAL Tulita kwe T - - e tì Diavik W SFA - - tì SCES - - am G ehchokǫ hatì

TOTAL W cho Gahcho Kué TOTAL k Wrigley eh ǫ CLDF - - dilǫ selk N ut e tselke T - - Ł Łu - tta SFA - e h

Yellowknife TOTAL Fort Simpson SFA - - esol uti SCES - rt Great Bear o o Jean Marie River Fort n Lae Providence Great Slae Lae Nahanni Butte Kakisa Hay River Sambaa K’e Fort Smith Fort Liard Enterprise

LEGEND CLDF* Community Literacy Development Funds

Indigenous AT Apprenticeship Training-on-the-Job TOTAL TOJ Training-on-the-Job/Labour Market CLDF - Non-Indigenous Agreement – Work Experience AT - SFA Student Financial Assistance - Not Reported T BES Building Essential Skill/Labour Market SFA - Agreement – Skills Development - SEO Self-Employment Option/Labour Market Development BES Agreement and Canada Job Fund SEO - SCES Small Community Employment Support SCES - - 44 TRAINING

Training for Entry Level Roles YKDFN Mine Training Society Operator Course The Mine Training Society (MTS) supports the growth of In 2019, the Gahcho Kué Mine a stronger Northern workforce In the small local communities participated in supporting the with scholarships, job coaches impacted by the mines, high school Yellowknives Dene First Nation and training programs. achievement rates have gone up from (YKDFN) and the Mine Training Society (MTS) in a heavy Specific training programs equipment operator course. 41.8% delivered by the MTS include: in 2016 There were 13 participants in Introduction to the Mining to the program in 2019; two of the Industry, Safety Boot Camp, graduates were subsequently Geoscience Field Assistant, 48.6% hired to work at the Gahcho Kué Heavy Equipment Operator, and in 2019 Mine. Minerals Processing Operator. In 2019, a partnered initiative between the Diamond MTS Investment Empowerment Fund and MTS introduced a $25,000 scholarship Received $1.58 M in the 2018-2019 fund for 18-35-year-olds fiscal year from the GNWT interested in furthering careers in diamond-mining related fields. Training for Semi-Skilled Roles Labour Market Programs Skills 4 Success Labour Market Agreements

Skills 4 Success is a program The GNWT maintains various designed to improve labour market agreements employment success for with the federal government to NWT residents by closing skill deliver programs for individuals, gaps for in-demand jobs, and employers, and organizations more effectively responding that support training and to employer and industry employment for NWT residents. needs. Driving the initiative is labour market evidence, best practice research, and informed stakeholder feedback. Skills 4 Success is aimed at closing education and employment gaps and addressing recruitment and retention challenges in the NWT. 45

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Training for Skilled Roles Apprenticeship, Trades Northern Leadership and Occupational Development Program Certification Diavik Diamond Mines has The GNWT’s Department a Northern Leadership of Education, Culture and Development Program which is Employment (ECE) partners intended to help increase the with industries to provide the number of qualified Northern Apprenticeship, Trades and Indigenous people at the Occupational Certification supervisory and management (AOC) Program. ECE supports level. the development, maintenance and delivery of designated trade and occupation training programs that contribute to the development of a skilled Northern workforce. The Occupational Certification program provides an alternate route to certification for community government staff 63 50 44 37 21 as it recognizes the skills and CARPENTER CONSTRUCTION PLUMBER AND HEAVY EQUIPMENT WELDER knowledge gained through ELECTRICIAN PLUMBER/GASFITTER B TECHNICIAN work experience. Successful participants who complete the program receive a Certificate of Competence awarded under COOK – 6 PARTS TECHNICIAN – 15 the NWT Apprenticeship, Trades and Occupational Certification CRANE OPERATOR – 1 MACHINIST – 3 Act signed by the Minister of Education, Culture and INSTRUMENT TECHNICIAN – 2 POWER LINE TECHNICIAN – 5 Employment.

INDUSTRIAL MECHANIC (MILLWRIGHT) – 5 46 TRAINING

Training for Professional Roles

Student Financial Assistance program

The Student Financial Assistance paths in the mining industry. In 2019, 1,247 students studying (SFA) program from ECE Through it, employers can ask in mine-related fields received provides financial support for information on students support under the program. for students to pursue their studying in relevant fields. To field of study. The program ensure confidentiality, students facilitates connections between fill out the Consent to Release interested students and mining Information form allowing SFA companies to build career to release the information to interested employers.

students received 1,247 SFA in 2019 Roughly half of the fields of study could prepare the student for a job in mining.

30+ 30+ 50+ 100+ ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL SKILLED TRADES BUSINESS SCIENCES ADMINISTRATION

Mining Industry Support

The NWT mining industry well, the company supports a STEM-( sciences, technology, offers several scholarship sustainable scholarship fund engineering and math) related programs to qualified Northern at the Yellowknife Community fields. students. Foundation. In 2019, Diavik awarded three scholarships to Ekati offers two scholarships Diavik provides two NWT students. to NWT residents every scholarships annually to Aurora year, each worth $2,500, for College students and various Gahcho Kué offers scholarships students looking to make a other scholarships for first to students with the aim positive impact on their home to fourth year students. As of promoting study into communities. 47

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

The Mine Training Society

The Mine Training Society is a assistance to MTS clients at unique partnership between each new stage in their training Indigenous governments, public and career. government and the mining industry. It has been helping For industry, the commitment Northerners find long-term to collaborate with MTS is part employment in the mining of SEA agreements. industry for more than a decade. Close collaboration with educational institutions and In addition to facilitating the many businesses and courses and training programs, organizations that comprise the Mine Training Society the North’s mining industry employs Job Coaches to has been instrumental to the provide one-on-one support, successes of the Mine Training mentorship and career Society and its clients.

Mine Training Society/billbradenphoto 48

billbradenphoto 49

Wellness

A key role of SEAs is to monitor and assess impacts from mining on the well-being of NWT residents. NWT mines work with the GNWT to provide programs to employees and their families in support of the many

- rivedfactors from that mines, define as wellness. required While under employment SEAs, the mines and alsobusiness make developments targeted contributions are prominent to communities benefits de and non-governmental organizations to support the health, education and safety of Northern residents. The mines are dedicated to supporting the health of their workers at home and at site. For example, 72.4

per cent of employees use on-site fitness centres.

7.8% 72.4% of families accessed of employees used on-site the Employee Family fitness centres Assistance Program (EFAP) 50 WELLNESS

Wellness

Community Well-being and economic changes that GNWT plays a major role too. have occurred since mining To increase awareness and skills Monitoring and assessing the activity began. to support mental well-being potential impacts of diamond for workers, the Department mining on the health and Comprehensive information of Health and Social Services, well-being of individuals, about NWT health, justice with assistance from the families, and communities is and housing programs is Department of Education, a key component of SEAs and available through the GNWT’s Culture and Employment, an important responsibility of Departments of Health and initiated the delivery of two, the GNWT. While economic Social Services and Justice and three-day workshops in 2019. independence gained from from the Northwest Territories Funding for this workshop was employment and business Housing Corporation. provided by Diavik Diamond opportunities may be a Mines. The workshop was significant contributor to In 2019 the Gahcho Kué designed to equip participants well-being, aspects such as Mine, in partnership with the with the necessary skills to help education, safety, health and Northwest Territories Housing someone who is developing good social relations are also Corporation and the Yellowknife a mental health problem or essential to well-being. Women’s Society, renovated a experiencing a mental health women’s shelter. The intention crisis. From the beginning, SEAs of the shelter project was to have included 14 social and create healthy communities that The GNWT is looking forward well-being indicators selected would last well beyond the life to extending these mental to monitor and assess impacts of a mine and acknowledge the health workshops to other NWT from mining activity. As new barriers for long-term housing diamond mines. agreements were completed for women in need. and new data became available, these indicators have expanded Mental Health First Aid to better monitor areas of concern. Some changes and NWT mines provide programs trends in well-being indicators to raise awareness and support cannot be linked exclusively for mental health. In 2019 for to the existence of mines but example, De Beers developed a are considered in the context new mental health and well- of diamond mining activity being program to better serve alongside the social, political their employees’ needs. 51

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Community Well-Being Index The Community Well- The Community Well-Being (CWB) index is a means Being Index shows that of examining the well-being of individual Canadian the socio-economic communities*. Various indicators of socio-economic well-being, including education, labour force activity, indicators for small income and housing are combined to give each community local communities have a well-being “score”. These scores are used to compare improved since the well-being across First Nations and Inuit communities with well-being in non-Indigenous communities over time. first socio-economic agreement was implemented.

Community Well-Being Index

100

80

60

40

20

1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016 1981

Northwest Territories Remaining NWT Communities Yellowknife Small Local Communities

Notes: - Yellowknife includes Ndilǫ̀ - When a community was not included in the index, the population of that community was excluded from the total population. - Small Local Communities are: includes Fort Resolution, Behchokǫ̀, Gamètı̀, Wekweètı̀, Whatı̀, Dettah, and Łutselk’e. * The CWB index is just one of many approaches to understanding well-being and is limited in scope.

Source: Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada 52 WELLNESS

Employee Family Assistance Program

Employee Family help employees through various challenges in life. Support is Assistance Program available by phone, online and in person. All NWT mines are required to pay and provide for Employee EFAP has benefitted many Family Assistance Program families: in 2019, 7.8 per cent (EFAP) support to mine of all families from all three employees and their families. operating mines received EFAP provides free, immediate, support through the Program. and confidential support to

Employee Assistance Program Counseling Services

7.8 % 6% 4.2 % 4.4 % USED NEED IT USED NEED IT the programs But did not use services But did not use the program the program

85.9 % 90.9 % DID NOT NEED DID NOT NEED to use the program to use the program

Source: 2019 NWT Survey of Mining Employees; NWT Bureau of Statistics 53

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Creating a Culture of Mental Health Wellness

When we think about health, The course addresses the four “If we can eliminate the eating vegetables, getting most common mental health a restful sleep and keeping disorders: substance-related stigma around mental active may be the first things disorders, mood-related that come to mind; but mental disorders, anxiety and trauma- illness, more people health also plays an enormous related disorders, and psychotic will seek help. The most role in our overall wellness. disorders. It also includes a focus on the northern context important thing that According to the Government and touches on historical of the Northwest Territories trauma such as residential we can do is to provide (GNWT)’s Department of schools. information around Health and Social Services, approximately one in three In 2019, at least 21 employees mental disorders and people experience some at Diavik learned how to form of mental illness in their provide support during a mental reinforce the message lifetime. It’s the reality that is health crisis. that it’s OK to reach behind new first aid training for mental health delivered With discussions, videos and out,” Villebrun says. last year at Rio Tinto’s Diavik group activities, their training, Diamond Mine. like the mental health concerns The Department of Health it addresses, is as applicable in and Social Services provides GNWT Mental Health their home communities as it is the three-day training free Specialist, Marlene Villebrun, in the mine site. of charge and also provides co-instructed both of the complimentary training for training sessions. Mental health first aid skills instructors. can be applied by anyone- “If a co-worker sprains their anywhere,” Villebrun explains. wrist, most of their colleagues “It can help family members, know how to care for them friends, colleagues or and get them the help they community members.” need,” she explains. “However, if a co-worker is suffering from a trauma-related disorder, their colleagues are probably far less aware or confident in offering or providing aid. That’s where this course comes in.”

The Mental Health First Aid Canada for Northern Peoples course views a person’s wellness as wholly interconnected. That means that the mental, physical, social, emotional and spiritual parts of a person must be considered when providing aid. billbradenphoto 54 INTRODUCTION

Rio Tinto DiavikPHOTO Diamond CREDIT Mine NEEDED 55

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Women in Mining

Women have traditionally been far under-repre- sented in Canada’s mining industry. In the Statistics Canada 2016 Census, women comprised half of Canada’s population and about 48 per cent of its labour force, yet in the mining labour force women represent only 14 per cent. In the NWT, women match the national statistic, representing 14 per cent of the workforce in NWT mines in 2019. That year, NWT mines employed a total of 417 women (in person-years).

14 % 14 % Women in mining in the NWT Women in mining in Canada 56 WOMEN IN MINING

Women in Mining

The perception of a woman’s • Increase the representation of Women in Mining place in the mining workforce is women in the industry at all changing and it is increasingly levels; The annual Yellowknife recognized that women possess Geoscience Forum is the largest the skills and aptitudes that make • Provide networks that support mining and petroleum conference them ideal candidates for many coaching and mentoring of in the NWT, and in 2019 was held positions. Women in Mining; from November 19-21.

In 2019, the mines and the • Promote scholarships and The popular forum is held jointly GNWT took several steps towards employment opportunities by the NWT & Nunavut Chamber addressing the shortfall and across the industry; and of Mines and the GNWT’s improving the attractiveness of Department of Industry, Tourism mining careers to women. • Create a safe and comfortable and Investment. It brings together environment where women feel individuals interested in the future Diavik Diamond Mines supported and can contribute of mining and features various announced a Rio Tinto Diavik regardless of skill. accomplished guest speakers from Mine Community Scholarship for different lines of work. women in sciences, technology, De Beers Supports engineering and math (STEM) in Women were well represented at February 2019. The scholarship STEM the 2019 Forum*, and both NWT is for women in the NWT region Premier Caroline Cochrane and to support pursuits in post- De Beers has closely supported Hon. Katrina Nokleby, Minister of secondary education in STEM- the recruitment of women into Industry, Tourism and Investment, attended in support of mining development and initiatives in the Gahchorelated fields.Kué Mine awarded seven toSTEM remote fields. NWT The communities company offers to NWT. scholarships in 2019 to women distributea flying bookstore books with that an travels emphasis in the NWT. Each was valued on STEM to children. at $4,800 USD to support their continued education for the And partnering with UN Women, 2019/2020 school year. the University of Waterloo and the University of Calgary, De Beers is Working alongside industry, the awarding scholarships in science GNWT is establishing an NWT and engineering, with a particular Women in Mining Chapter in focus on supporting women 2019. The Department of Industry, from Indigenous communities in Tourism and Investment’s efforts the NWT and northern Ontario. towards forming the chapter had The aim is to sponsor more than four goals: 40 women over a three-year partnership.

* Further information can be found at: https://www.iti.gov.nt.ca/en/newsroom/ykgeo2019-leadership-inspires-women-mining- nwt-chapter-launches 57

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Workforce Participation

170 PY (14%) Ekati out of 1,186 PY

148 PY (13%) Diavik out of 1,123 PY

99 PY (14%) Gahcho Kué out of 574 PY

In Canada Women make up 14% of mine employees Women represent 14% of mine employees in the NWT. 58 WOMEN IN MINING

De Beers Canada Impact Camp for Indigenous Girls Shines Light on STEM

An open pit is outlined on the The camp is run in Waterloo, Camp activities include learning floor in tape while a young girl Ontario and was created in the science behind making ice from Norman Wells, Northwest 2018 as part of a three-year cream (using liquid nitrogen Territories maneuvers a robot USD$3 million program by De to cool cream), star-gazing in down its spiraling roadway. She Beers Group in partnership an observatory, designing and concentrates hard, adjusting the with the United Nations and building an escape room for coding that moves the robot like the University of Waterloo to their caregivers to maneuver a puppet. Citing the importance increase the representation of through, and building an LED of safety, she has the robot hug women in STEM fields. circuit within a beading project. the sides until it reaches the The inclusion of cultural bottom of the pit. Since then, 17 female practices play a large role in the Indigenous students in grades camp as well, with drum dances, For Kelly Brenton, Social 7-9 from across the NWT have feeding-the-fire activities and Performance Manager with De taken part, along with their the sharing of cultural teachings Beers, it was a moment that caregivers. The role of the and practices by elders. stood out during the Impact caregiver is an important one at Camp for Indigenous Girls; a the camp, which was designed “We feel that it’s important to two-day camp that specializes in to be rewarding for both child introduce STEM at a young age Science Technology Engineering and parent. so students are aware of what and Mathematics (STEM). is available to them,” Brenton “We provide sessions for explains. “It really helps to “That was a moment that really lay down that foundation for resonated with me. This young the caregiver on what academic success when you girl caught on immediately introduce it at a young age. and was ready to try creative they can do to support Rather than just reading about new techniques. I realized how their child’s interest in scientific theories in a text innovative young girls can be in book, the camp gives young what we would consider a very STEM and help them girls the chance to learn and male dominant environment,” experiment in a hands-on she explains. build connections with environment.” other parents so they have that support network established,” said Brenton. Courtesy of the University of Waterloo 60 CONCLUSION

2019 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGREEMENT REPORT

Conclusion

The six current SEAs hold transportation, retail, and to provide more services to our promise to ensure the socio- real estate, and spent $369.45 residents in need." The industry economic interests of residents million on Northern Indigenous funded EFAP helped 7.2 per continue to be addressed well procurement. Royalties to cent of Northern mine worker into the future. There is the Indigenous governments were families Funded by Diavik, potential that more SEAs will over $3 million in 2018-2019. the GNWT held workshops be developed in the future GNWT income from mining supporting mental well-being. for several mining projects, included corporate income tax, And the GNWT worked increasing the promise of this fuel tax, property tax, payroll alongside industry to develop tool in capturing benefits for tax, and personal income tax. the NWT Women in Mining the future. The 2019 activities Chapter. of the GNWT and the mining Training and academic funding industry demonstrates the programs were overall effective The Mineral Resources Act, value of these agreements as in furthering the education of passed into law in 2019, sets the right tool. mine workers in 2019. All of the stage for new incentives in the diamond mines met their the future, to further mineral Diamond mining continues to training commitments. The exploration and development in be a foundation of the current GNWT’s new Student Financial the NWT. NWT economy. Contributing 27 Assistance program supported per cent of GDP in 2019, it is the 1,247 students, and the These 2019 SEA results bolster largest private sector industry industry awarded several new the message that the NWT in the territory. scholarships. remains open and receptive to doing business with investors, Benefits are numerous. In Investing in health and well- and will work in partnership to 2019, over and above the direct being is critical to building ensure that benefits from major benefit of wages, the NWT stronger communities and development projects flow to mining industry contributed benefits. For example, Gahcho NWT Residents, businesses, and $1.1 billion to related Kue partnered with the GNWT governments. sectors like construction, to expand the women's shelter

Supplementary information and summary data tables are included as an appendix to this document. The set of indicators presented were agreed upon, after public consultation, to monitor social and economic differences between the pre and post diamond environment in the NWT. They are as provided, by the GNWT’s Departments of Health and Social Services, Education, Culture and Employment, Justice and the NWT Housing Corporation; and by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, NWT Bureau of Statistics and Statistics Canada. Due to the data collection timelines, not all data is current at the time of publication. Where applicable the date of the data collection is included in the charts. The GNWT takes no responsibility for any financial losses suffered as a result of reliance.