WDmen ~ Defense find EdutflfiDn CDmmittee Marcia Elayne, Chairwoman Christine Struminiski, Treasurer .: Donna Curry, Secretary Sandy Mullins, "Defense Benefit" Producer Loretta Akers . Valley Jones Valorie Angers Eleanor Josaitis Joanne Parrent Diane Keller Lydia Arreola Marion Kellog Ventra Asana White Odessa Komer Dottie Battle Linda Logan-LaPorte Honorable Barbara Rose Collins Judith Magid Ann R. Beser Angela Martinez Jane Bodish Councilwoman Maryann Mahaffey Christine Brown Jane Mannette Elizabeth Burch Alexandra McCoy Grace D. Carrothers Claudia Morcom Marcia Cron Beth Noonan Shirley Cucchi Virginia B. Nordby Louise Cusumano Suzanne O'Neil J. B. Dixson Marcia Palof Enid Eckstein Rosa Parks Dr. Marion Edman Deborah Paquette Hazel Edwards Sara Lee Pearl Angie Espino-McGhee Sarah Power Cindy Felong Patricia Proctor Win Frederick Allyn Ravitz SaSandra Fischer Laura Reves Rosella Gonzales Dorothy Richmond Jane Grier Faye E. Roberts Maria Gundianna Sandra Robson Mary Clare Hall Beverly Salters Lillian Hatcher Jeannette Salters Councilwoman Erma Henderson Ester Shapiro Alice Hines April Smith Sandra Hines Rosalie Sullivan Mabel Holleran Carrie Thompson Helen I. Howe Anne Trebilock Laurene Hyman Mary Anne Tschannen Joan Israel Cindy Urban Helen Irving Edith Van Horn Mary Jo Walsh Dauris Jackson Wendy Weinberg Mildred Jeffrey Marley Weiss Clarice Jobes Ennetta Wellman Grace Johnson Gyneze Williams Johnnie Jones Rose Williams LaVerne Jones Tina Zipser Dear Friends,
The Women's Defense and Education Committee would like to extend a special "Thank You" to . the Hotel Pontchartrain, Chrysler Corporation, Portable Audio, Odessa Komer and the UAW, Linda Logan-LaPorte, the hard working members of the Committee, the talented and generous performers and speakers here tonight, and. especially you, for making this Benefit possible and profitable.
Sincerely,
Women's Defense and Education Committee WfJmen 's Defense and Education CfJmmittee
presents
(in order of appearance)
MARCIA ELAYNE
THE DEADLY NIGHTSHADE
FLORENCE BALLARD-CHATMAN
MARGRET SLOAN
LINDA FURLOW
GLORIA STEINEM
LILY TOMLIN - flaAonJ - @e/enJe $eneft1 6JfedneJday, Jane 25, 1915
Association of Black Educators Ann R. Beser BZack Causes Association~ Inc. Basil Brown~ State Senator Elizabeth Burch~ Attorney
Howard B. Camden~ Agency John Conyers~ Jr.~ U.S. Congress Edgar G. Davis WaZt Douglas Dr. Julia C. Fitzpatrick~ Grand Matron Rising Sun Grand Chapter, O.E.S. LiZZian Censer~ Center for Teaching About Peace and War
He Zen M. Graves Walter R. Greene Duke Harris~ N.E. Concerned Citizens Council LiZZian Hatcher Erma Henderson~ Councilwoman MabeZ HoZZeran~ Co-Chairperson~ Coalition of Labor Union Women Raymond W. Hood~ State Representative
Joan Israel Dauris Jackson Virginia Jeffries, Realtor Jim's Garage Clara S. Jones Odessa Komer, UAW International Vice Pre si dent Jeanne L. Kretschmer> Detroit Business Institute Maryann Mahaffety> Councilwoman Michigan Health Maintenance Plans>Inc. Dr. Romallus 0. Murphy
National Organization for Women> Detroit Chapter David B. Nelson New Detroit> Inc.
Jeffrey D. Padden> State Representative Lynn Pekkarinen> LV.O.W. Detroit Chapter Treasurer Sarah Power Fred Prime Harold Richmond
Ray Rickman Jordan Rossen Earl Ruby Dick Sandhaus Tom Turner> President> Wayne County AFL-CIO UAW Michigan CAP UAW Regions 1> lA> lB> lE Women's Committee UAW SEMCAP Mr. & Mrs. Roosevelt Wise Mayor Coleman A. Young> City of Detroit ... '
·ainmeni ] De.troit Feminists Recruit Steinem, Tomlin for Benefit
BY CHRISTINE BROWN senlatives of over 30 organiza short of death than rape " Free Press Stall Writer tions. They believe that principle is Feminist Gloria Steinem, Although the committee was •at stake in both cases. Detroit's Lily Tomlin .and ex formed to raise funds for the Tickets for the benefit show Supreme Florence Ballard defense of Miss Little and Chapman will be among the are priced from $3.50 to $12.50. Mrs. Garcia, Ms. Van Horn They are available now at the speakerll> and performers at a said it has brought other bene June 25 benefit for Joan Little Ford Auditorium box office fits. and, starting Monday, will be ffld Tnez Garcia, both central "Feminists haven't been figures in controversial rape available at Hudson's and very organized in the Mid Grinnell's. killing cases west," she said. "Now we're The benefit show, at 8 p.m. meeting each ollher for the in Ford Auditorium, also will first time. We should have feature poet Linda Furlow and done it two years ago." -author Margaret Sloan. The Ms. Van Horn said the coali Deadly Nightshade, a fema.le tion will keep working after rock band from New York, the benefit on other conscious will back Mrs. Chapman in ness-raising proiects dealing l1er first performance in sev with the problems of welfare, eral years: proverty, joh discrimination The project began last Feb GLORIA STEINEM: and rape. rua,ry when Edith Van Horn S[1eaking out for the rape Regarding the Little and sent a clipping on the Littl_e victims. Garcia cases, the committee case to Sandy Mullins with a members said, "There is no note that read: "We must grea,ter assault on a woman <:s:nr~ n"'. , X DETROIT FREE PRESS Thursday, May 29, '75 7-B !. 1'
another in that competition is viol,ative of the equal protec- ·-- -- in my v i ~w_' invidio~~a ~l~ ~~~- _0~~se." UNITED SHIRT JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN 11·!1: $3.99 NEW NAVY IN SPORT SHIRTS 1RtlilOr~ - I'IOODhAVLII See Yellow Pages 1 l.Al l 67 5-8025 for Nearest Store 1 ··---·-1 · ~~~~------r ~======~-==-~--~~ WEED '\ ··I ASYOU f fEED_ I I TER I RGE ., . iS& size 'ICE . UL ~ One application does two big jobs : 'I ~ 1 - \ll-.-...1 1..:11_...._ '""-+ .,• ..l,.._n_,.,_....l;_,..n.-. '"'~ r.'\ _ ~ 1"\.+hn..- The SAIN Voice
Newsletter of the Sexual Assault Information Confidentiality Statute Under Challenge Network of Michigan, Inc. Except as provided by section 11 ofth e child protection to the Court as to whether evidence exists to justify a law, a confidential communication, or any report, work new trial. ing paper, given or made in connection with a consulta tion between a victim and a sexual assault or domestic The Center objected, and the in camera examina violence counselor, shall not be admissible as evidence in tion has not yet occurred. They asserted various bases Vol. 7, No.3 any civil or criminal proceeding without the prior written for privilege of confidentiality, saying that to tum December, 1992 consent of the victim. over records without prior written consent of the (Michigan Compiled Laws, Section600.2157a( 1985)). victim would violate her rights under the confidenti ality statute, as well as violate the rights of sexual In what is believed to be the first challenge to assault counselors to protect such communication. Michigan's 1985 confidentiality Ia w covering the They fear that this precedent would discourage other communication between domestic violence and victims from seeking counseling and support at rape sexual assault counselors and their clients, the Michi crisis centers. gan Supreme Court in May ordered the Marquette Inside ... The Women's Center thanks those individuals Management issues ... 2 County Circuit Court to subpoena the Women's and programs which submitted amicus briefs in Focus on programs ... 3 Center's records in a case. support of their position. They also appreciate dona Harassment poster ... 4 tions to help with their expenses; contributions may Dear therapist ... 5 The Center subsequently did receive a subpoena be sent to 1310 S. Front St., Marquette, 48955. Legislation ... 6 for all documents concerning their client, a victim of Conference sexual assault whose assailant was tried and found See page 8 for comments from summary ... 7 guilty on three counts of third degree criminal sexual parties in the case. conduct in 1990 and who is now appealing the verdict. The Center has not complied with the sub poena and is protesting the order. W ashtenaw County Case Similar In a similar case, Community Mental Health in The defendant, Brian Stanaway, was charged with Washtenaw County, the parent program of the As involving the girl, a 14-year-old who babysat esc sault Crisis Center (ACC), is refusing to hand over for his children. The victim testified in court and subpoenaed ACC counseling files. At issue are the underwent cross-examination, and a jury found records of a girl who accused a man of squeezing her Stanaway guilty. breasts and buttocks last August when she was 12 years old. Due to the age of the victim, the only defense is to prove that nothing of a sexual nature occurred be The defendant's attorney has subpoenaed the tween the accuser and accused. The Women's Center records, saying they may contain information that feels that the defendant, though having no reason to would help in his client's defense against the charges believe the victim told her counselor this, wished to of second degree criminal sexual conduct. The pros go on a "fishing expedition" in the records. ecutor argued in pre-trial proceedings against release of the records, saying they are protected under the In August, 1991 the Michigan Court of Appeals state's confidentiality and rape shield statutes. (The s A I N upheld Stanaway's conviction and ordered the latter blocks inquiries into the past sexual experi victim's counseling records kept confidential. When ences of sex crime victims.) But the judge ordered a the case reached the Michigan Supreme Court, that subpoena, citing the Marquette case. court did not hear the case in full , but remanded the case back to the trial court, ordering Marquette The Circuit Court Judge hearing the case post County Circuit Court Judge Edward A. Quinnell to poned the trial of retired auto worker Otis McDaniel review the records from the Center, decide if the until the outcome of the Marquette case has been girl's statements in counseling contradicted what she decided. said in court, and then submit a sealed opinion back Comments on the pending Marquette confidentiality case: The public policy of the state fa voting confiden There's no doubt that such a precedent would chill tiality has been stated by the legislature, such that the virtually all ptivileged relationships. What would real issue is the balancing of that policy against the stop a judge from ordering doctors, lawyers, or defendant's constitutional tight to confront witnesses. ptiests to turn over their records in similar circum stances? Such a threat can only discourage all man Judge Edward A. Quinnell ner of clients from getting the professional help, Editor's Note: I have been a prosecutor for more than 20 years ... advice, and counseling the need. and I've never seen a request for psychological Similar confident Editorial, The Mining Journal, August 9, 1992 records of a victim of a robbery, a forgery, a breaking iality laws have been and entering, a car theft. I see them in one case and upheld by the highest one case only, and that's sexual assault. courts in illinois and Pennsylvania. Marquette County Prosecutor Gary Walker April is . .. The only victim who will be safe to come forward Sexual Assault is a person with no past, present, a nonentity. Awareness Month Suzanne Kensington, Executive Director, Women's Center
Calendar DATE SUBJECT SPEAKERILOCATION INFORMATION Feb. 1-5 Grantsmanship Dearborn The Grantsmanship Center Training 1/800/421-9512 Mar.6 International Women's Day Dearborn Maureen Sheahan Celebration 313/841-6948 or 313/291-1474 Mar. 12 Managing: East Lansing Michigan League for Human Services The Issues 517/487-5436 Apr. 23 Healing from the Shame Acme Child & Family Services of of Sexual Abuse Northwestern Michigan 616/946-1597 Aug. 3-8 NCASA Conference Chicago Illinois Coalition Against Sexual Assault 2171753-4117
Board of Directors: • Merle Reisinger, Reed City, Chair • Debi Cain, West Bloomfield, Vice-chair • Joyce Wright, Bloomfield Hills, Secretary • Karla Hudson, Lansing, Treasurer • Charlene Batchelor, Detroit • Kathy Constantinides, Ann Arbor • Katherine Kenebrew, Flint • Lynn l.L!rkin , Flint • JejJe1y l.L!ng, Lansing • Pam Mays, Saginaw • Midge Merritt, East Lansing • Lisa Page, Grand Rapids • Lori Tarrant, Mt. Pleasant
Staff: • Judy Trompeter, Executive Director • Amy Irwin, Administrative Assistant
Sexual Assault Information Network of Michigan Nonprofit Org. P.O. Box 1011 U .S. Postage Midland Ml48641- 10ll PAID 517 . 832 . 0662 Lansing, MI Forwarding and address correction requested. Permit No. II Management Issues These articles appeared in the Fall, 1992 issue The postal rate increases remove dollars from ofThe Forum, newsletter of the valuable programs and stand as one more policy Michigan Non-Profit Forum. obstacle for nonprofits which carry an ever-increas ing load in services to American communities. Insurance Package Available Senate and House conferees put the finishing for Nonprofits touches on the Treasury-Postal Appropriations Bill on September 25. After full house and Senate ap The Michigan League for Human Services proval, the final bill sent to the President will likely (MLHS) announces the creation of an insurance provide only $122 million for revenue foregone. project for interested nonprofits in Michigan. With However, the measure retains a freeze on nonprofit the help of a start-up grant from the Kellogg Founda postal rates for FY 1993. tion, the project has been designed to meet the particular needs of small and medium-sized chari The further reduction in the revenue foregone table organizations. The MLHS will sponsor health makes the FY 1994 appropriations process even care and liability insurance for non profits, as well as more critical. The $122 million figure represents the coverage for unemployment and worker's compen likely starting point for next year, and with the sation insurance. request for full-funding at $612 million, the math ematics do not favor the nonprofit community. The MLHS will be marketing three traditional health insurance plans and an HMO through Blue This development increases the importance of Cross/Blue Shield of Michigan; directors and offic your efforts locally. You may want to take the time to ers liability insurance as well as general and property contact your elected representatives to fmd out their liability through the Nonprofits Mutual Risk Reten position on maintaining and stabilizing preferred tion Group; unemployment insurance through the postal rates for nonprofit mailers. Voluntary Action Group; and workers compensation coverage through the Human Services Association Workers Compensation Fund. Land of Rising Sun Offers Funds The MLHS' s group health plan is similar to those by Amy Irwin offered by chambers of commerce and other trade When agencies apply for fmancial support, the associations. Since the MLHS will handle the admin least likely place to find it would be across the istration of the plan, a priority will be to provide Pacific. Until now. responsive service when members have a question, problem, or coverage change. Claims processing According to the Summer 1992 issue of The will be handled by BCBS. Grantsmanship Center Whole Nonprofit Catalog, Publication of this Japanese companies have made impressive moves in In addition to better service, the project will be newsletter is made philanthropic activities. Japanese corporate founda able to offer group health rates to the small nonprofit possible through tions operating in this country increased from three to agency staff person who has been unable to afford or donations, 25 in the last seven years. In 1991, six new founda even access coverage. As importantly, in this situa memberships, and tions were established. tion the project will be able to provide a broader Federal Rape package of benefits than would otherwise be avail Since Japanese companies have vested interests Prevention Block able. For more information contact Lary Wells or in their U.S. offices, contributing funds or consumer Grant monies Chuck Pryde at the MLHS Office 517/487-5436. products to agencies or programs helps build an distributed by the Michigan Continued on page 6
Department of Nonprofit postal rates frozen ADVERTISEMENT Social Services. for fiscal year 1993 Why are postal rates such big news fornonprofits? Printing: Because it is a hidden cost that can blindside organi Dornbos Press, zations by increasing administrative costs at a time Saginaw when the struggle for funding is desperate. Printed on recycled paper Nonprofit bulk mailing has traditionally been subsidized by Congressional appropriations. Because P.C. of the federal budget crunch, that subsidy has been gradually eroded, so the cost keeps increasing and 2400 LAKE LANSING ROAD, SUITE F more public donations or other income must be LANSING, Ml48912 (517) 371-5361 FAX (517) 371·1211 2 tapped to cover it. I Focus On Programs I Howell Monroe A complaint was filed with the Judicial Tenure The rape crisis program in Monroe began October Commission in early December against a visiting 1, 1990. The program, sponsored by Mercy Memo- judge who presided in the case against Howell attor- rial Hospital, is offered by health care professional ney Timothy Hensick. The action was taken by the and lay people who have completed training as rape You've missed The board of directors of the Livingston Area Council crisis advocates. SAIN Voice? We're Against Spouse Abuse (LACASA) on behalf of glad you find the publication helpful Sexual AssauJtRecovery Assistance (SARA), a pro- Pam VanCamp, from the Toledo, Ohio YWCA and apologize for the gram of LACAS A. rape crisis program, provided the training. All volun- teers in the Monroe program attended six three-hour lack of issues in the The complaint alleges that Eaton County Circuit sessions. Included in the training was information on recent past. Beginning with this issue, the CourtJ udge G. Michael Hocking violated the Michi- the Monroe system oflaw relating to the treatment of newsletter will be gan Code of Judicial Conduct regarding integrity, the crime of rape ~ coming out quarterly. impropriety, and impartiality. The complaint says Hocking displayed gender bias in his treatment of the Currently, the program operates with twelve vol- unteers who each take 24-hour call up to three times Perhaps you, the complainant, the prosecutor, and three witnesses reader, are saying to during the 1991 trial and sentencing. The complaint a month. A rape crisis hotline is now operating for victims looking for help and understanding, whether yourself "Gee, I also says he made it seem as if the victim, not the wonder ifl'm a they have reported the crime or not. defendant, were on trial. member of SAIN or subscribe to the Hensick was accused and convicted of three Volumes have continued to increase and it ap- pears that the actual reporting of this crime has grown newsletter." To find charges of first degree criminal sexual conduct in the out, check your sexual assaults of a woman he was representing in a within Monroe County. An increase in the number of children victimized by rape and incest has also been mailing label. If you divorce. are a paid-up member ' seen. The Monroe County community and its police or subscriber, there Hocking sentenced Hensick to 18 months to ten agencies have shown a great deal of acceptance to the will be an X on the years on the conviction, lower than both the Michi- rape crisis program. label. No X? To gan Supreme Court guidelines and the recommended subscribe, send $7.50, sentence of the county's probation department, the The hotline number, available 24 hours a day, is 313/241-6570 . or to join send $25 latter's suggesting being a sentence of 8-10 years. (indiv.) or $40 (org.). The judge is accused by the board of LACAS A, on behalf of SARA, of eroding public confidence Ann Arbor by failing to be dignified, courteous, and patient SAFE House in Ann Arbor succeeded in convinc- with those he dealt with during the trial, for example, ing Washtenaw County voters to approve a bond frequently interrupting the prosecutor. He interfered proposal to build and furnish a new domestic vio- with, was impatient toward, and had a severe attitude lence shelter. toward witnesses, preventing the proper presentation of the case to the jury, says the complaint.
He also is accused of having a premature judg- ment and stating it during sentencing when he said, "Let there be no question that had I tried this case Call for without a jury, I would have acquitted the defen- Presentation Proposals dant." And fmally, the complaint alleges that he allowed extensive delays in the case, thus eroding The organizers of the 15th Annual Conference of public confidence in the judiciary and promoting the the National Coalition Against Sexual Assault are appearance of impropriety. seeking presentation proposals for the meeting, sched- uled August 3-8 in Chicago. Hocking recently ordered a new trial, as requested by Hensick's attorney. The prosecuting attorney's All proposals will receive a response. There is no office is appealing the decision. honorarium for presenting; however, the conference registration fee will be waived for presenters (one waiver to be shared, in cases of multiple presenters). Houghton For a copy of the proposal fonn, contact the In response to last year's rape and murder of a lllinois Coalition Against Sexual Assault, 2171753- young woman in Houghton, Dial Help crisis center is 4ll7, or send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to
working with a committee to help reduce violence in J SAIN. Deadline for submission of proposals: Janu- the communitv. ary 25, 1993. 3 Vwlence Against Women What to Do in a Sexual
"More than 21,000 domestic assaults, rapes, and Harassment Emergency murders were reported to the police each week in l99l KNOW: lf something that is said or done to you - twice the number of reported robberies. " makes you feel uncomfortable, know that respectful From "A Week in the Life ofAmerica" flirtation and compliments don't make you feel un comfortable, but sexual harassment does. "A Week in the Life of America" is the name of a report recently prepared by the U.S. Senate Judiciary SAY: Simply tell the person, "What you are doing Committee. makes me uncomfortable." Perhaps describe in words what is happening while it is happening - for The committee's staff contacted rape crisis cen example, "You have your hands on my shoulders" or ters and domestic violence programs in several states, "This is the third time today that you have brushed including Michigan, asking for examples of the against my body when you walked by." violence faced by their clients during the week of September 1-7, 1992. They then chose assaults from FIND: Obtain a definition of sexual harassment, various times throughout the day and various places circle the part that describes what the harasser is in the nation, creating a vivid description of the doing to you, and leave it in the harasser's mailbox; human suffering which occurred. or, write a description of what the harasser is doing and deliver it to the harasser's office. The report is available on one-month loan from SAJN. There is a charge for postage/handling. TELL: Your co-workers should be told what is happening to you, because most harassers have more than one victim. LETTER TO THE EDITOR: REPORT: Find out if your workplace, institu Congratulations on your piece, "Alternative tion, or employee association has a sexual harass to 12-steps," by Chris Clark in the February, ment officer, and report the incident to them. 1992 issue of The SAIN Voice. This workplace rescue poster, similar to those Drawing from the two cited sources, her describing the Heimlich Maneuver, has been placed at reinterpretation of the original 12-step formula hundreds of work environments throughout Canada. tion in terms of self-empowerment and other psychological, introspective concepts is intended Copies are available for $4 (U.S. currency) from to be an improvement for incest survivors, par Women's Caucus Against Sexual Harassment, On ticularly females. However, there is a related but tario Institute for Studies in Education, 11th Floor, 252 unintended by-product of this reinterpretation, Bloor St. West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1V6. namely, it translates the "steps" or principles Condom use from a theistic framework to a non-theistic, or does not shield secular, framework. Ironically, it does a better Court Ruling: rapist's intent job of that, in my opinion, than a recent book Cross-examination of children But although an whose sole purpose is to do just that. By doing Letting a child testify on videotape about alleged assignation that begins so, it make the 12-steps relevant and valuable for sexual abuse is unconstitutional if attorneys are not by consent becomes rape as segment of society in the tradition of secular allowed to cross-examine the alleged victim, a court the moment one party humanism for whom powerlessness, surrender, ruling says. withdraws consent, the and dependency are counterproductive, and opposite is not true. An which strives instead for self-affmnation, self The Michigan Court of Appeals, in a ruling re encounter that starts with esteem, and self-control. leased April21, 1992, said cross-examination helps criminal imposition establish the reliability of testimony. cannot become consen Kenneth R. Gibson, Ph.D. sual, no matter who Northville The ruling reversed a Marquette Juvenile Divi persuades whom to wear sion decision by Judge Michael J. Anderegg to let a what during the act. 3-year-old girl be questioned on videotape about James Ricci, ADVERTISEMENT alleged abuse by her parents. An impartial examiner Detroit Free Press, interviewed the child without her parents' attorneys October 27, 1992, READ present, although they could submit questions and commenting on a DEFENSE STRATEGY FOR WOMEN: confer during breaks. Texas case. Be Your Own Risk Manager (Associated Press) Authors: David R. Locke & Kent Maurer (135 pages & illustrated) In the next issue... 'The book that evel)l woman should read!" The link between sexual abuse and gastrointestinal disorders. 4 Send$9.50to: D.S.F.W. • P.O. BOX 1901•Jackson, Ml49204 Survivors' voices Dear Therapist by Charlotte Davis-Kasl
A group ofsurvivors was asked what they thought have taken control of my life, because I buy into therapists should know about working with survivors my self-image as a totally needy, wretched little ofchildhood sexual abuse. Their responses form the person - which is utter nonsense. basis of the author's booklet, "Dear Therapist," 7. No pity ... but I'll take empathy. from which this article is excerpted. Pity has been one way I have conned people. Pity has been one of the payoffs that has kept me 1. Victims/survivors feel fragile. from taking responsibility for myself. It is im At a deep level, often hidden behind my hard portant not to shame me for this. I need to know ass, competent, tough, smiley-faced exterior, is I can bear my pain. I need to know I can push a sense ofbrittleness/fragileness like porcelain. through my fears and that when I do, I will heal. If dropped or pushed, I fear being broken into a Be kind when you refuse to buy into my whining thousand pieces. I go back and forth between for sympathy. Remind me .. .I need to respect my being open (and vulnerable), and slamming the journey and do my work. door shut to prevent feeling/experiencing my 8. Know and respect that I am doing the best I overwhelming neediness. can at any given moment. 2. I don't need a judge. I don't need a parent. I get stuck sometimes. Don't shame me, but I live with the hardest judge in the world, please be honest. If I am stuck and you start to myself. I batter myself with my judgments. I feel angry at me, tell me. I need you as a model want your honesty, but I want it supported with One Survivor's of someone who doesn't fear honesty or imper love. Advice fection. Even though I throw up walls, please 3. I need to know I have choices. Actress Theresa Saldana know that I do want to get out of this circus, this Don't buy into my game of saying there is only the victim of a vicious ' merry-go-round. Keep responding to the posi one person to make me happy, only one job I slashing attack several tive intentions underlying my destructive be could do, only one place I could enjoy living. I years ago, offers haviors, and, of course, keep nudging me. guidance to others also need to know I have a choice not to work 9. I need things said more than once. overcoming the with you as my therapist, or not to feel my emotional crisis that Sometimes your words dance outside my head feelings today. I need to know my feelings are follows a personal and I don't understand them at all. Other times, affected by the things I tell myself. Remind me assault. my rational mind gets the information, but I feel of alternatives and know that this rigid box I live nothing in my gut. Other times I am off some The coping mechanisms in is my salvation, my protection, and my prison. she recommends are where else and I don't hear a word you are 4. You are not dealing with a specific trauma these: saying. The words need to be repeated again and for me the aftermath was more profound. Reach out to others again. Look for cycles, patterns, being sexually Get involved ... Add 10. You tell me you are afraid when you keep abused and abusing. something new and pressing me for the facts. I am still numbing out when I get close to positive to your life. I understand that you want me to tell my story. people. I push people away who care for me, yet Begin therapy But when you repeatedly press me for "the I long for them to reach out to me. Help me On your own or in a facts" and don't pay attention to my feelings, I make connections between the feelings I expe group, come to grips get the message that you don't believe me. If with an existence rience now and the ones I used for survival. Help you doubt me, don't work with me. I am doing radically altered by me know that this is my fear and I can push violent crime. everything I can to believe it myself. Your through it. empathy with my pain and validation that I was Seek out humor 5. Learn to recognize my seductive behavior, to wounded assuage the fear that I am making a big What makes you know it has nothing to do with care or inti deal out of nothing. laugh? ... For what is the macy. act of laughter if not an I use seduction to get close. It is the only To be continued next issue. exquisite form of release. behavior I know that brings attention or touch Copyrighted 1986. Not to be reproduced without Focus on the future and gives me the illusion that someone cares. It permission from the author. rather than the past. This is not forever. is terrifying to me to admit to anyone that I am To receive a full copy of "Dear Therapist ", send lonely, empty, and want comfort. Teach me to $3.00 to: Box 1302, Lolo, MT 59847. From Bevond Survival ask for what I want. by Theresa Saldana, 6. Respect the strength that comes from surviv In addition to "Dear Therapist", Kasl is the Bantam Books, 1986 ing. author of Women, Sex & Addiction: A Search for I have learned how to take care of myself and Love & Power and Many Roads. One Journey: make my own way. I have survived. I want Moving Beyond the Twelve Steps. validation for this. Sometimes I need to be Thanks to the Nebraska Domestic Violence Sexual reminded about my strengths and the wa s I Assault Coalition or ale rting--'u"'s""'t""o ...:::thc::t~·s ...:..r:::::es::,:;o~u~r!::.!ce:::..:.· -..l..-----=5:...... ____!.J Legislation
Rape Prevention Monies ti.rnidated, threatened, harassed, or molested. Passed by Congress and signed by the president Unconsented contact is any contact with another this fall was a reauthorization of the Federal Preven individual that is initiated or continued without that tion Health Block Grants, which include an increase individual's consent, or in disregard of that person's that nearly doubles the amount coming into Michi expressed desire that the conduct be avoided or gan for rape services! discontinued. For example: following or appearing within the other's sight, approaching or confronting In the recent past, federal rape prevention money in a public or private place, appearing at the work for Michigan has average $130,000 annually. The place or residence, entering or remaining on an new ailocation will be approximately $250,000. individual's property, contacting by telephone, or The Department of Social Services, which admin sending mail or electronic mail. isters these monies, has requested preliminary bids Generally these are constitutionally protected ac and anticipates awarding up to 18 grants of$10,500 tivities. However, when activities are done in a each to support rape crisis services to adult victims/ manner that hurt another person the behavior is Japanese Companies survivors. removed from constitutional protection. The bill also Ruben Valdillez Stalking A Crime specifically excludes constitutionally protected ac Manager of Media Relations tivities and activities unde1taken for a legitimate Michigan now has the strictest legislation against Mazda Motor of America purpose. 7755 Irvine Center Drive stalking in the United States! Irvine, CA 92718 Penalties: Up to 1 year imprisonment, fine up to (714) 727-1990 Proposed early in 1992 by Sen. Robert Geake (R $1,000, or both; up to five years probation. Hajime Hirai Northville) and Rep. Dianne Byrum (D-Onondaga), V.P. and Gen. Mgr. of this package of bills was revised with input from PA 261 This act wiii create a new crime of aggra Corporate Communications vated stalking. Aggravated stalking is stalking as Canon U.S.A., Inc. citizens, passed by both houses, and signed by the One Canon Plaza governor. The new laws took effect January 1, 1993. defined above when the stalker is in violation of a Lake Success, NY 11042 restraining order, pretrial release, or condition of (516) 488-6700, ext. 3271 bond; there is a threat of bodily harm or death; or the The anti-stalking package has four components: Felicia Lynch stalking is a repeat offense. Vice President PA 260 This act defines stalking as a willful course Penalties: Up to five years ,imprisonment, fine up The Hitachi Foundation 1509 22nd St., NW of conduct involving the repeated or continuous and to $10,000, or both; probation for any tenn of years, Washington, D.C. 20037 unconsented harassment of another individual that but no less than five years. (202) 457-0588 would cause a reasonable person to feel, and actually Cindy Lopez causes the victim to feel, terrorized, frightened, in- Continued on page 7 Corporate Communications Coordinator Fujitsu America, Inc. Rising Sun, continued from page 2 3055 Orchard Drive San Jose, CA 95134 (408) 432-1300 image of prutnership in promoting positive social you can tailor your proposal to benefit the com change in a diverse world. Supporting programs and pany and your program/agency. It's a good idea to Nippondenso America, Inc. 1 DensoRd. agencies can improve Japanese-Ame1ican relations also know who the company gave to in the past and Battle Creek, Ml49015 and provide a win-win situation for the corporation who they might give to in the future. and the community. John E. Pepper • Do not bypass the staff the company assigns you or Vice President Human Resources/Operations While most Japanese giving has focused on large try to utilize someone you know; it's considered an Alps Electric (U.S.A.), Inc. institutions, such as prominent universities, there is insult to Japanese executives. 3553 North First Street no limit to causes that can receive corporate funding. San Jose, CA 95134 • Appeal to Japanese values of honor and teamwork (408) 432-6508 Doing the necessary homework will given an agency a better chance of receiving support if the proposed by demonstrating that your staff is as worthy as its Denise L. Schwartz cause. Manager program fits in with company values. Subaru of America • Thank the company p1ivately. Each company has Foundation Past mcipients have found that the grant proposal Subaru Plaza, P.O. Box 6000 process is really no different than what it is in the its own policy regarding the publicity of its philan Cherry Hill, NJ 08034-6000 United States, but they offer these suggestions: thropic activities, and the company can decide (609) 488-5099 how much publicity it wants. • Use the designated proposal format if it's pro vided, or send a letter to the manager of the Listed in the sidebar are companies willing to give company's U.S. office or to its corporate founda to agencies dealing in social services and/or women's tions. Send all letters/proposals in English. issues, and to agencies in Michigan: 6 • Know the company's important philosophies so Amy Irwin is SAIN's Administrative Assistant. June Conference a Success Very positive evaluations were submitted by par sexual assault does not cry. A child who is lying or ticipants in the June conference in Gaylord. making up parts of the story often breaks down, due to the stress of telling a lie. (Diehl and Baker) The Michigan State Police, Office of Contract Man agement at the Crime Victims Compensation Board, Assailants' personalities determine their approach and SAIN co-sponsored the three-day meeting. One to victims: con, surprise, or blitz. (David Minzey, Contrary to popular hundred twenty-five representatives of police, hospital, Michigan State Police) stereotypes, the typical rape crisis, and social service agencies attended. A Peeping Tom who taps on windows to scare rape occurs between typical men and Facts of particular interest which were learned women is more likely to ultimately rape and maybe women, under typical from the workshop speakers: kill. (Minzey) circumstances. In the In a child sexual assault court case, the victim Male victims are as overlooked as female offend minds of attorneys, doesn't have to see the alleged assailant, but the ers. (Minzey) police officers, rapists, the general public, and assailant must be able to see and hear the victim's When at burnout stage, protective service workers victims, the least testimony. (Ron Bretz, Michigan Appellate get overinvolved with clients, while police get more Defender's Office) common form of rape callous. (Minzey) sexual intercourse The rules of evidence are more perrnissi ve or Also presenting workshops were Kevin Hesselink forced by a stranger lenient when the victim is either a child or an adult of the Otsego County Prosecuting Attorney's Office, with a weapon is held with an intellectual developmental disability which Judy Trompeter of SAIN, and Frank Schehr of as the standard against occurred before age 18. (Bretz) Michigan State Police. (Note: Schehr is a forensic which all other rapes are judged. There has to date been no research on how to use scientist, not a pathologist, as stated in the last issue anatomically-correct dolls. Kathleen Faller, Social of The SAIN Voice.) From "Rape" by Work Department, University of Michigan. Patricia Harney and Charlene The legal definition of penetration: Any intrusion, Fair Housing Act Muehlenhard, in however slight, into the labia majora or outer lip area Prohibits Sexual Harassment Granerholtz or anal area by a body part or object. Adults often and Koralewski 's misinterpret a girl child's "He put his penis in my Sexual harassment has been deemed illegal under Sexual Coercion pee-pee" (meaning genital area) to mean "in my the Fair Housing Act, thanks to work done by the vagina," and then, when there are not the usual Toledo, Ohio, Fair Housing Center (FHC). medical signs ofpenetration, the child is seen as a liar. When one tenant of a Toledo landlord stepped (Nancy Diehl, Wayne County Prosecutor's Office, forward, saying she'd been sexually harassed by and Linda Baker, Wayne County Dept. of Public him, the FHC was not sure how to act. No case of this Health) sort had yet been won in this country, so they had The dolls should be called "anatomically-incor nothing to compare it to. rect," since the designated area of the vagina doesn' t Within months, other tenants of the same landlord represent in any way the genital area of a real female. called FHC, also complaining of harassment. FHC (Diehl and Baker) decided to probe further, and past and present tenants Usually, a child who is telling the truth about a began calling. In all, 27 women came forward to say the man had asked sexual favors of them, such as posing for nude I Legislation, continued from page 6 photos or performing sexual acts. Ifthey did not com An estimated 44.4% of ply with these requests, they faced certain eviction. the women and 13.1 % PA 251 This act will allow for a warrantless arrest of of the men in jail a stalker when there has been a restraining order filed Because of the testimony of these women, the reported that they had and a law enforcement official has reasonable belief landlord was found guilty of sexual harassment. In been physically or that the restraining order has been violated. additon, officials discovered he was running a por sexually abused at nography ring and a house of prostitution. The land some time in their lives PA 262 This act allows a victim to obtain a restraining lord has, by the end of the trial, sold many of his before their current order which specifically prohibits behavior as defined properties. Officials even suspect arson in some imprisonment. in the stalking laws. cases, as his properties "mysteriously burned to the Bureau of Additionally, the act creates a new civil cause of ground" if they could not be sold. Because of this, Justice Statistics: action of stalking, separate from any criminal charge although convicted and fined $7,410, he has not yet Special Report of stalking, and not requiring that the stalker be con paid the plaintiff the sum she was awarded by the (March, 1991) victed of a criminal charge. The civil cause of action court. Since he has no more property, he alleges he will allow a victim to sue their stalker for damages, has no more money with which to pay his fine. including exemplary damages. Thanks to the Toledo Fair Housing Center, there is now a benchmark case on which to base com plaints of sexual harassment in housing. 7 --,
·-1991·-2- . - AllnuaiRepert The. Year in Review, The Future
SEXUAL ASSAULT INFORMATION NETWORK OF MICHIGAN P.O. BQx 1011, M-idland, Michigan48641-101l,5l7/832-0662 .· - - . . . . i
·_. _)
The Sextial Assault Information Network of Michigan, isa statewide organization for providers ofSex,ua[ ass4ult services and others concerned with ., - the issue_ofsexual assault. The Year.in Review ,·· SAIN was founded in _attended the thi:ee-day June meeting in'Gaylord, co 1986 io provide ameans - I·. A_cti._ .viti_ • ~ I . for these.service providers . . . sponsored with the Michigan- S1tate .Police. and aiul others tO interact and · · · r · · Michigan Office o:t'Contract Management. . share information and •. IrtfQnnat;ion and referral, technical assistance: 487 expertise, as well as to - -. requests received. - . . ' • Evi~nce collection kits: 80 b'oxes (20 kits per box) increase awareness. ofthe • Public -awaren~ss materials: 14,196 <;:~pies of -- ·mailed ~o hospitals and72 boxes to rape crisis centers issue of sexual assault ar:ui - brochures and posters distributed. for
\ .-: \
·, r-' 1., ' FIN.-ANCIAL AC'l'IY~'EEs,contm~ea · 7 The~.Futu_-~ te -- <..-:- February and distributed to approximately 1300 .. . ,..;·,..;····------.-;..---.,...;;;;...... ;.--...... ;...... _-+-:"'~-.-~:'\
,'REPORT . __,. ... I individualsandorgilltizationsthroughoutthestate:- . _ . ~- . , · ·.. · · . · \ · L_~peeches/works~ops:Elev~ripres~ritatio!)~made;,· ·. J:.:Qoard c;J;lariges .. ·t: i -~.' , . ...• · m A.Ipen~. Lans_mg.J?aylord, Sagtnaw, Midl:md, ·rEJected- adhe AnnuM M~·~ovt<~ber · 13 and, Sterhng H~Ights. · ·. . _ .·.. _ ate these members Of SAIN' s 199.2-,:93 Board- of • ,Aw~eness,Monfu: Pul;>lic awarene~s ldeas,:g!!ne_!:T .Dtrecto:ts: - '· ' 1 ' ! ' • / • ' - -ated by two -MSU marlceting classes, C9ndensed . ' - . - ' . .. intoapacketandinaiiedtpalltapecrisisc~nters. NewD1einbers' / .... · . · (. __ . _ List of rape ~risis ~e~ters:~Updatedand mahed to ' Debi Cain of West Bloomfield, Executfve Director, ... : rape crisis centers and. 0thers reques'ting: Sexual A&saultPr~vention' and A,warene5s Center, -- . ,. · · ··· · · ,UpiVersit{of Mi,_~Wgan; ~athyConsiantinides of -Income'' -~ Cable-~C:qesstel~vision pr~gr~s:Twqabo:ritda~e ·Ann Arbor, aitist/educaior/activist; Lynn bafkin Qf /#1- Grants .• :'·':·~;:··~·'······:·$29,8~3 · rape created with the Miclland Chapter of the . _Flint, Project (:oordinatqr; Consortiinli' on Cbl1d #2.- Membership_Dttes ~.: ... $4,029 •·. · _National Org~ation for Women ~d aired re- .. Abuse aiJ,d-Negl~t; Midge Merritt ofEast Lansing, #3 - Cimference·Fees ·.: ...... ,$2,525 /~peatedly; .· · < ' '• , ' . : ·~- .: • .. DirectorforPrograms~flrldSei:Vic~,UnitedCerebral, _ #4 - Dmiatio~ ..... ,.::: .•.. :..... $2,461 #5- Fumlnlisi~g ..... :.: ... ,.•... $1,662 • >Legi~,latio.n: Ra~e crisis center$ 1.1otifj~d~f8eve~,:al . Pa}sy Asiopi(ltion QfMichigan; Lisa Page of Grand · #6- sales & Misc ..... : ...... $1,485 pending bill~ of mt~rest, ps~udonymbilfs opposed~ .Rapid._$, :&tfidtti()IJ. Speciaij.st; Planned Parenthood i #7 - PubliCIItions, Sales · · . l:l-Dd concern expressed to spoil_sot abol.lt · Centers of-WesrMicWgartfand Lori Tarrant of Mt:, 1&.interest...... :: ...... \;c;;$(m - '· ' •' . $42,(/12. strbrtcomings of bill ~onc:erning · 'statutt; o~ Pleasant,Falnilies, J;
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Law office of DAVID L. HARRISON 270 Wimberly • Rochester Hills, MI 48306 • (810) 651-8668 • Fax (810) 651-9676
Representing Children and Adult Survivors of Sexual Assault, Incest, Sexual Harassment, and Custody and Visitation Cases.
Member of: State Bar of Michigan Michigan Trial Lawyers Association Sexual Assault Information Network American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children Michigan Victims Alliance Michigan Intra-Professional Association
Handling Cases Throughout Michigan.
1627 Lake Lansing Road Suite 1 . Elizabeth B. Giese Lansing, M148912 Education Director
Barbara Thibeault, MSW, ACSW Michigan Women's Blstorical Center Clinical Social Worker and Hall of Fame Psychotherapy and ConsuHation 213 W. Main St., Lansing, Ml48933 Visitor Roan: 12:00 to 5:00 p.m. Wed. thru Frl. 2:00. to 4:00 p.m. Sunday Buslneaa Roan: 9:00a.m. to 5:00 p.m.• Mon. thru Frl. (517) 374-6577 617-484-1880 ...
You are not alone! CHAR KANGAS We Can Help! Executive Director A salute to the 1it visionaries who "A Home witii a Heart" radically improved Baraga County Shelter Home Michigan's rape laws and Women's Center, Inc. Open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. We provide shelter, individual, and group support counseling. Midge Merritt (906) 524-7023 (Crisis) 11 S. 4th Street (906) 524-5017 L'Anse, MI 49946
.-·- ~.
Bollll.orary Co-Clhlall.rs
Jan BenDor Gary Byker Carole Living William and Helen Milliken Earl Nelson Virginia Nordby
Board. or Directors ~amela Knight Mays, Saginaw - Chair Sexual Katherme Constantinides, AM Arbor - Vice-Chair Assault Midge Merritt, East Lansing - Secretary Barbara Boggess, Saginaw - Acting Treasurer Information Debra Cain, West Bloomfield Network of Lynn Larkin, Flint Rosanne Less, Grosse lie Michigan, Inc. Lisa Page, Grand Rapids 517/832-0662 Merle Reisinger, Reed City P.O. Box 1011 Judy Trompeter, Midland - President Midland. Michigan Starr 48641-1011 Judy Trompeter, Executive Director Carol Hargarten, Administrative Assistant ******************************************* *******************************************
W.C. Averill, M.D. and 2797 U.S. 31 South Serving Women and Families Brent D. Boggess, M.D. Traverse City, Ml 49684 . Throughout the Greater (616) 946-4180 Grand Traverse Area Congratulate those who have valiantly worked and continue to work.
Best wishes on the 20th anniversary Mediation Management Services of the Anne Smiley, MA Rape Reform Package. Customized Conflict Management Programs: Saginaw, Michigan School Community Mediation Violence Prevention ******************************************* Community &.. Divorce Mediation ******************************************* Facilitation
(5. 7) 485-6392
Join the MSU FederCll Credit Union
NANCY HAMIL TON, MSW, ACSW for Full Financial Service Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist Savings • Loans • VISA • Checking • ATMs Certified Social Worker ili§ll MIOIIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY FEDERAL CREDIT UNION 1627 Lake Lansing Rd., Suite 1 -th~ financial institution of thf! MSU community- Lansing, Ml48912 (517) 484·2736 Eut Lansin& Branch . Main Office Meridian Branch 611 East Grand River 600 East Crescent Road 1925 West Grand River East Lansing, Ml 48823 East Lansing, Ml 48823 Okemos, Ml48864 (517) 353-5565 (517) 353-2280 (51 7) 35 3-0886 800-MSU-4-YOU
PAMELA KNIGHT MAYS, MSW ~ p/oA!b~ o~ -,-t.~E.- FAMILY COUNSELOR vl ~77,..,..5 ILA£6 JK (!£,tF.8~/)e>N c~ -rNE L.UONJEN" u.JJ./C f.{t=;.,.P IJ.I&vJ ~~ fN&R_ PYt!.Ar.
Lutheran 6019 West Side Saginaw Road P.O. Box 48 Child &Family Bay City, Ml 48707 SerVICe o MI(HI(jl¥o< Phone (517) 686-7650 "The process of getting this law [CSCS of 1974] passed was an amazing experience Jan Ben Dor, from the opening panel at the 11/16/85 Maritial Rape Conference
"The Michigan Criminal Sexual Conduct Statute, enacted in 1975, continues to be the most important model for reform, although most states do not adopt the provision of the Michigan statue which totally precludes the admissibility of evidence of the prior sexual conduct of the victim with third parties." Leigh Bienen, Rape III - National Developments In Rape Reform Legislation, 1981
"These changes represent a shift away from laws containing misogynist assumptions and reflecting societal skepticism about the seriousness of rape and the veracity of women's accusations."
Patricia Searles and Ronald J. Berger, Women's Rights Law Reporter, 1987 The History of the Reform
Anti-rape activities grew out of and were closely tied to the women's movement of the 1960s and '70s. In 1971, one of the first two rape crisis centers in the U. S., the Women's Crisis Center, was founded in Ann Arbor by Jan BenDor and others to provide medical assistance and emotional support to victims of rape. Then in 1973, Ann Arbor City Council approved funds to create the Community Anti-Rape Effort, housing it in City Hall.
A group of southeastern Michigan women involved in these rape crisis projects met at BenDor's home in June of 1973 to discuss strategies to accomplish even more profound changes on behalf of rape victims. This group evolved into the Michigan Women's Task Force on Rape. The Task Force became a well-organized, vocal group whose main goal was reforming the law. Through their media outreach, newsletters, and lobbying, a new awareness and understanding of sexual assault developed among the general public.
An ambitious law reform proposal was drawn up by Virginia Nordby, and the Task Force members began a series of meetings with the Michigan House of Representatives' Judiciary Committee. In a short time, Senator Gary Byker, a Republican, introduced Senate Bill 1207 and Democrate Rep. Earl Nelson sponsored House Bill 5802. This bipartisan effort was critical to the bill's success.
The Michigan Rape Law Reform was passed in record time, as only five months elapsed between its introduction into the legislature and its passage. This remarkable success is
"Thank you, SAIN, for your voice and your leadership!"
State Representative Maxine Berman maximum sentence of 15 years. 4th degree is a misdemeanor with a maximum sentence of 2 years.
History of victim Courts permitted Victim's prior sexual testimony on victim's activities with persons sexual activities and other than assailant reputation. are not admissible.
Consent Female had to prove Victim does not have to she did not consent to prove resistance sexual intercourse and and/or lack of . consent. resisted "to the utmost end".
Corroboration Michigan courts did not The law state that require corroboration corroboration is NOT of victim's testimony. required. Jury can find that a sexual assault was committed based solely on testimony of victim.
attributed to a few concerned people including Carole Living, the aide to Senator Byker. Governor William Milliken signed the new law on August 12, 1974. Over the next several years 40 states followed Michigan's lead, reforming their antiquated rape laws.
During this celebration of the 20th anniversary, we thank and give special recognition to those individuals named here and the many others who assisted them in making rape law reform a reality.
Senate Bill 1207
Sponsored by Senators Byker Mack Rockwell Faust McCauley Richardson Zaagman Zollar Ballenger Hart O'Brien Faxon Lodge Cartwright Cooper Bowman Rozycki McCollough Toepp Davis DeMaso Novak Bouwsma Pittenger Pursell Brown Bishop Plawecki DeGraw Fleming
Signed into law August 12, 1974 by Governor William Milliken Public Act 266 of 1974 The Goals of the Reform
Prior to 1974, the intent of the rape laws was to protect female virginity and chastity and to regulate consensual sexual conduct~ Its purpose was not to prohibit the exploitation of young girls nor was it to promote the victim's right to freedom of movement or privacy. The pioneering 1974 legislation focused on the the assailant's behavior rather than the victim's conduct or character. It recognized both males and females as potential victims or perpetrators. Rape was redefined as criminal sexual conduct in order to emphasize the violence of the offense and the force and coercion associated with the crime. This new definition attempted to dispell the commonly held misconception of an . uncontrollable act of sexual passion; instead, it equated sexual assault · with other violent crimes. The objectives of the reform legislation were to: a) increase the number of reported crimes which, in turn, would increase the number of prosecutions and convictions of cases; b) improve the treatment of victims; c) prohibit a wider range of coercive sexual conduct; d) achieve comparability between legal treatment of rape and other violent crimes; e) expand the range of persons protected by the law; and t) provide an avenue for social change
Sex of victim Female only. Female and male.
Sex of offender Male only. Female and male.
Age of victim Previous age for l st and 2nd degree esc statutory rape was is committed if victim under 16 years of age, is under 13 years of regardless of consent. age OR when victim is under 16 years of age Note: The term and the assailant is a 'statutory rape' is no blood relative, lives in longer used. the same household, and/or holds a position of authority. 3rd degree esc is . committed when victim is under 16 years of age.
Use of force Must be committed Committed with the with use of force. threat of force, violence, or retaliation.
Sentencing Life or any term of 1st degree is a felony years. with a maximum sentence of life. 2nd and 3rd degrees are felonies with a Sexual Assault Law Reform
Pre-1974 Post-1974
Terminology Rape Criminal Sexu·al Carnal Knowledge Conduct
Definition of crime Vaginal-penile inter- Touching/contact and course. penetration via sexual intercourse, fellatio, cunnilingus, anal intercourse, and any other intrusion to any part of victim's body.
Categorization of One broadly-stated Four degrees of sexual the crime offense which assault which are required penetration, delineated into sexual however slight. contact and penetration. Severity of crime is based upon presence or absence Of a deadly weapon, incapacitation, and extent of injury to the victim.
*·- -- .0
The Effects of the Reform
Both the conviction rate and the number of reported crimes increased after the enactment of the new law (Michigan Department of Corrections, 19S7). In 197 4, the conviction rate was approximately 4%; in 1987, the conviction rate for CSCS 1 and CSCS 3 were 10.3% and CSCS 2 and CSCS 4 was 11.9%. There· were 3,166 cases of rape and attempted rape reported in 1974; after the reform, the number of reported cases climbed to 15,707 (not including attempts).
The Michigan State Police reported in 1977 that arrests for forcible rape increased faster than any other violent crime between 1973 to 1977. esc arrests were up 61%, as compared with 16% increases in both murder and aggravated assault and a decrease of 8% in robbery arrests.
According to a survey taken by Marsh et al in 1981 , the overwhelming majority (82%) of those working in the criminal justice system and crisis centers believed that the victims experience with the criminal justice system was less traumatic under the new law. -TOGETHER- Kalamazoo IT MAKES A DIFFERENCE
Sexual Assault Program 353 E. Michigan Ave. Kathy and Angelos Constantinides Kalamazoo, Ml 49007 Business 616 345-9412 Crisis Une 616 345-3036
MELVYN G. REISINGER BUSINESS MANAGER • """ Laura Baird salutes SAl N REED CITY AREA PUBLIC ScHooLs 829 s. CHESTNUT ST .• REED CITY, MI 49677 and the pioneers in PHONE: 616 I 832-2201 FAX: 616 I 832-2202 rape law reform 'Preparing For Tomorrow's Challenges"
Paid for by Laura Baird for State Representative P.O. Box 1183, Okemos, Ml 48805. (517)347-9094. Mark Meadows. Treasurer.
Special Recognition
Barbara Timmer Helen Friedman Karen Sundberg Joyce Bihari Lynn Tindal1 Nan Reynolds Jody Bisdee Joyce Hennessee Vivian Shaner Hon. Patricia and Terrence Boyle Mary Cay Sengstock Jackie Washington Mike Fried Elaine Milliken Susan Omilian Sue Temer Ina Zeemering Gail Wingard Misty Kuceris Ike McKinnon Lorna Dieter Georgia Clark Audrey Martini Barbara Simons Catherine McClary Nancy Hammond Bob O'Brien Jaye Spiro Alberta Tinsley-Williams Debbie Frederick Debi Cain Frank Schehr Althea Grant Pat Miller-Strauss Robert Leonard