Index ABC see aneurysmal bone cyst basal cell naevus syndrome 127–128 abrasion of teeth 2, 60–61 benign cementoblastoma see cementoblastoma acromegaly 221 benign entities, pharyngeal airway impressions acute longus colli tendinitis 310–311 305–307 acute rhinosinusitis benign notochordal cell tumour 313–314 description 284 benign tumours differential diagnosis 285 involving the jaws 153–177 radiological features 284–286 nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses 296–298 adamantinoma see ameloblastoma bifid condyle 255–256 adenoid hypertrophy 307–308 bisphosphonate‐related ONJ see osteonecrosis of the jaws adenomatoid odontogenic tumour 3, 165 bone island AFO see ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma description 101 Agger nasi air cells 277, 279 differential diagnosis 102 allergic fungal rhinosinusitis 289–290 radiological features 101, 102–107 ameloblastic carcinoma 153 BRONJ see osteonecrosis of the jaws ameloblastic fibroma 2, 162–163 bruxism 59 ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma 2, 3, 163–164 buccal bifurcation cyst 2, 122–123 ameloblastoma 3, 153 differential diagnosis 153–154 calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour 3, 166 radiological features 153, 154–158 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour 159 subtypes 153–158 calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) see calcifying cystic amelogenesis imperfecta 48 odontogenic tumour aneurysmal bone cysts calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease of the TMJ description 204, 344 273–274 differential diagnosis 204, 344 canalis sinuosus 277 radiological features 204, 205, 344, 345 capillary malformations 193 ankylosing spondylitis caries 2, 54–59 description 268, 340 CCOT see calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour differential diagnosis 269, 340 cementifying fibroma see ossifying fibroma radiological features 268–270, 340, 341 cementoblastoma 1, 169 ankylosis (bony) of the TMJ 274 cemento‐osseous dysplasia 1, 2, 3, 130, 135 ankylosis (fibrous) of the TMJ 274, 275 description 145 anodontia, partial or complete see congenital absence of teeth differential diagnosis 145 antrochoanal polyps 293–294 radiological features 145, 146–150 AOT see adenomatoid odontogenic tumourCOPYRIGHTEDsubtypes MATERIAL 145–150 apical periodontitis see periapical inflammatory lesions cemento‐ossifying fibroma see ossifying fibroma arteriosclerotic calcifications central giant cell granuloma 3, 219 description 228 description 199 differential diagnosis 228 differential diagnosis 199–200 radiological features 228, 229–231 radiological features 199, 200–202 arteriovenous malformations 197–198 synonyms 199 attrition of teeth 59–60 CEOT see calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour avulsion of teeth 240 cephalocele 277 Atlas of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, First Edition. Bernard Koong. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 347 0002898561.INDD 347 11/28/2016 5:44:43 PM 348 Index cervical spine 333–346 dacryocystocele see nasolacrimal duct mucocele aneurysmal bone cysts 344–345 degenerative disease, cervical spine 336–339 ankylosing spondylitis 340–341 degenerative joint disease of the TMJ congenital variations 333–336 description 262 degenerative disease 336–339 differential diagnosis 263 diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis 337–338 radiological features 262, 263–268 discitis 341–342 synonyms 262 facetal septic arthritis 341 dens evaginatus 45 infections 341–342 dens in dente see dens invaginatus inflammatory and depositional conditions 339–342 dens invaginatus 1, 44 metastatic tumours 342–343 dental implants 282, 283–284 multiple myeloma 344 dentigerous cyst 2 neurofibroma 345–346 description 115 ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament 338–339 differential diagnosis 116 osteomyelitis 341–342 radiological features 115, 116–121 peripheral nerve sheath tumours 345–346 dentin dysplasia 50 rheumatoid arthritis 339–340 dentinogenesis imperfecta 49 Schwannoma 345–346 dentoalveolar alterations 221 spondylosis 336–337 dentoalveolar infections involving adjacent soft tissues tuberculosis 341 description 88 tumours and tumour‐like lesions 342–346 radiological features 88–91 CGCG see central giant cell granuloma desmoplastic fibroma 177 cherubism 203 diffuse idiopathic hyperostosis 337–338 chondrocalcinosis see calcium pyrophosphate deposition dilaceration of tooth roots 42 disease discitis 341–342 chondrogenic sarcoma see chondrosarcoma DJD see degenerative joint disease chondrosarcoma 185–186, 272, 324 ductal sialoliths 231 chronic osteomyelitis 1 chronic pericoronitis 1, 3 Eagle syndrome 225 chronic rhinosinusitis 286 ecchordosis physaliphora 313–314 cleft lip and palate 2 ectodermal dysplasia 30 description 216 ectopic teeth 1 differential diagnosis 217 description 32 radiological features 216–218 radiological features 32–35 clival chordoma 320–321 empty sella syndrome 318–319 cocaine misuse, nasal cocaine necrosis 295 enamel pearls 1, 42 complex facial fractures 248–249 enameloma see enamel pearls compound/complex composite odontoma see odontoma enostoses see bone island compound/complex odontoma see odontoma eosinophilic granuloma 205 concha bullosa 277, 278 erosion of teeth 61 concrescence 47 esthesioneuroblastoma 301 condylar hyperplasia Ewing’s sarcoma 189, 271 description 250–251 exostoses 100–101 differential diagnosis 251 external resorption of teeth 62–63 radiological features 251–252 condylar hypoplasia face description 253 asymmetry 210 differential diagnosis 253 bone fractures 245–249 radiological features 253, 254–255 soft tissues, common opacities 222–237 cone beam computed tomography 11–27 vascular anomalies of the mid‐ and lower face 191–198 axial views 11–17 facetal septic arthritis 341 coronal views 22–27 falx cerebri, early calcification 127–128 sagittal views 18–22 familial colorectal polyposis see Gardner syndrome congenital absence of teeth 30 familial fibrous jaw dysplasia see cherubism coronoid hyperplasia 252–253 familial gigantiform cementoma 145 CPPD see calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease familial multilocular cystic disease of the jaw see cherubism Cushing syndrome 219, 221 FDI (Fédération Dentaire Internationale) identification of teeth cysts and cyst‐like lesions involving the jaws 108–139 8–10 0002898561.INDD 348 11/28/2016 5:44:43 PM Index 349 fibro‐osseous lesions of the jaws 140–152 idiopathic bone cavity see simple bone cyst fibrous dysplasia impacted teeth description 140, 327 definition 36 differential diagnosis 140, 327 radiological features 36–39 radiological features 140, 141–144, 327, 328 related conditions 36 florid osseous dysplasia 145, 148–150 incisive canal cyst see nasopalatine duct cyst focal cemento‐osseous dysplasia 145, 148, 150 inflammatory and erosive TMJ arthropathies follicular cyst see dentigerous cyst description 268 foreign body ingestion 307 differential diagnosis 269 fracture of teeth radiological features 268–270 description 241 inflammatory lesions differential diagnosis 241 of the jaws 64–91 radiological features 241–244 pharyngeal airway impressions 307–311 fractures see trauma and fractures inflammatory paranasal sinus disease 284–295 fungal rhinosinusitis 289–292 interclinoid ligament ossification 312–313 fusion of teeth 46 internal resorption of teeth 61–62 interproximal caries ganglion cysts of the TMJ 261–262 description 54 Gardner syndrome 173–174 differential diagnosis 54 gemination 47 radiological features 54, 55–57 giant cell reparative granuloma see central giant cell invasive fungal rhinosinusitis 291–292 granuloma gingivitis see periodontal inflammatory disease jaws glandular odontogenic cyst 130 adenomatoid odontogenic tumour 165 Gorlin cyst see calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour ameloblastic fibroma 162–163 Gorlin–Goltz syndrome see basal cell naevus syndrome ameloblastic fibro‐odontoma 163–164 granulomatosis with polyangiitis 294–295 ameloblastoma 153–158 granulomatous sinonasal inflammatory disease 293–295 aneurysmal bone cyst 204–205 gum disease see periodontal inflammatory disease basal cell naevus syndrome 127–128 benign tumours 153–177 haemangioma 191–192 bone island 101–107 haemangiopericytoma 193 buccal bifurcation cyst 122–123 haemorrhagic bone cyst see simple bone cyst calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour 166 haemorrhagic cyst see simple bone cyst calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour 159 Haller cells 277, 279 cementoblastoma 169 hamartomatous bony opacities and prominences involving cemento‐osseous dysplasia 145–150 the jaws 97–107 central giant cell granuloma 199–202 Hand–Schüller–Christian disease 205 changes to morphology 221 hemimandibular hyperplasia 210–211 cherubism 203 hemimandibular hypoplasia cleft lip and palate 216–218 description 212 cysts and cyst‐like lesions 108–139 differential diagnosis 212 dentigerous cyst 115–121 radiological features 212, 213–214 dentoalveolar alterations 221 histiocytosis X see Langerhans cell histiocytosis desmoplastic fibroma 177 histoplasmosis 224 exostoses 100–101 hypercementosis 1, 53 fibro‐osseous lesions 140–152 hyperdontia see supernumerary teeth fibrous dysplasia 140–144 hyperparathyroidism 219, 220 Gardner syndrome 173–174 hyperpituitarism 221 glandular odontogenic cyst 130 hyperplastic bony opacities and prominences involving hamartomatous bony opacities and prominences involving the jaws 97–107 the jaws 97–107 hyperthyroidism 221 hemimandibular hyperplasia 210–211 hypodontia see congenital absence of teeth hemimandibular hypoplasia 212–214 hypoparathyroidism 221 hyperplastic bony opacities and prominences involving hypophosphataemia 219, 221 the jaws 97–107 hypophosphatasia 219, 221 increased density of 221 hypopituitarism 221 infections involving adjacent soft