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Chapter 3: Priority Areas

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Chapter 3: Priority Areas CHAPTER 3: PRIORITY AREAS Water Quality Monitoring (Photo: Saltman) Eight priority lake and watershed areas of concern were identified 2½ years ago through municipal surveys, stakeholder discussion groups, public meetings, and input from county Water Quality Coordinating Committees. A group of community leaders and agency representatives then met on a regular basis as “Working Groups” during 2003 and 2004 to compile background information and identify short and long-term goals for each of these issues. Recommendations were also developed for the long-term protection and enhancement of Oneida Lake and its tributaries. The Working Group findings were then endorsed by the Watershed Advisory Council and were presented at six public meetings throughout the watershed. This chapter provides the findings from this grassroots effort. Chapter 3: Priority Areas page 27 GROUPS THAT PARTICIPATED IN COMPILING THE BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOUND IN CHAPTER 3 Atlantic Salmon Fish Creek Club Oneida County Sheriff’s Department Boating Industries Association Oneida County Soil and Water Conservation Certified Environmental Services, Inc. District CNY Boating Industry Association Oneida Lake Association, Inc. CNY Regional Planning and Development Oneida Lake Chamber of Commerce Board Oneida Lake Fishing Charters CNY Waterways Association Oneida Lake Watershed Advisory Council Cornell Cooperative Extension Oneida Shores County Park Cornell University Onondaga Community College Cornell University Biological Onondaga County Dept. of Water Field Station Environment Protection Eastern Ontario Anglers Association Onondaga County Flood Advisory Hamilton College Committee Herkimer-Oneida Counties Comprehensive Onondaga County Legislature Planning Program Onondaga County Office of the Madison County Dept. of Environmental Environment Health Onondaga County Parks Madison County Planning Department Onondaga County Soil and Water Madison County Soil and Water Conservation District Conservation District Oswego County Dept. of Promotion and Madison County Tourism Tourism New York Rural Water Association Oswego County Legislature New York Sea Grant Oswego County Sheriff’s Department North Shore Council of Governments Oswego County Soil and Water Northern Oneida County Council of Conservation District Governments Project Watershed of CNY NYS Assembly Restaurant and Marina Owners NYS BASS Federation Salmo Enterprise NYS Canal Corporation Salt City Bassmasters Club NYS Department of Transportation South Shore Association NYS Dept. of Environmental Conservation, Syracuse Convention and Visitors Bureau Regions 6 and 7 and the Albany office Town of Cicero NYS Emergency Management Office Town of Constantia NYS Office of Parks, Recreation and His- Town of Lenox toric Preservation Town of Pompey NYS Park Police Town of Stockbridge NYS Police Town of Sullivan NYS Tug Hill Commission Town of West Monroe Oneida City Wastewater Treatment Plant Tug Hill Resources Investment for Oneida County Convention and Visitors Tomorrow Bureau U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Oneida County Department of Public Works U.S. Geological Survey Oneida County Environmental Management Village of Cleveland Council Village of Sylvan Beach Oneida County Health Department page 28 Chapter 3: Priority Areas Reducing Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Program Goal Minimize the impacts of soil erosion and sedimentation in the Oneida Lake watershed without significantly impacting economic conditions Problem Identification watershed. To address those issues, there are numerous agricultural programs that encour- Accelerated erosion and the delivery of age farmers to incorporate soil conservation sediment and sediment-absorbed pollutants practices into the management of their opera- are issues of concern in the Oneida Lake tions in an effort to reduce soil erosion rates. watershed. Sediment from erosion and overland runoff is a major pollutant that Urban activities, such as construction, also transports organic compounds including cause soil erosion and downstream problems pesticides, nutrients from fertilizers or animal with sedimentation. Erosion on construction waste, heavy metals, and microbiological sites may affect a relatively small acreage of inputs. Erosion is of particular concern on land in the watershed, but development sites can contribute to erosion at rates 100 times agricultural land, in urban areas, on construc- 1 tion sites, along roadways, and along the lake greater than from agricultural land. Also, shoreline and tributary streambanks. Water is development that results from certain con- the principle driving force of erosion in the struction activities increases the amount of Oneida Lake watershed, but land use, soil impervious surfaces thus increasing runoff to type, slope, land cover, and conservation the lake. This heightened flow rate may result practices also influence erosion rates. Shore- in erosion and sedimentation problems down- line and streambank erosion is particularly stream. affected by wave action, exposure from As development increases, highway drainage drawdown, lack of vegetation buffers, and a systems can be subjected to increased flows lack of bank stabilization. that result in erosion and sedimentation. Results from the Oneida Lake Tributary Erosion around bridge structures, road pave- Monitoring Program (2002-2003) indicate that ments and drainage ditches can damage and Chittenango, Cowaselon, Oneida, Limestone, weaken these structures. During the winter and Fish Creek subwatersheds consistently season, sanding practices may leave substan- delivered greater amounts of suspended matter tial concentrations of these particles on the (a measure of soil erosion) compared to the road surface. Runoff from highways and other subwatersheds. Soil erosion was posi- other roads can contain large amounts of tively correlated with total phosphorus and sediment, not to mention other pollutants such total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) loss in all of the as heavy metals, pesticides, oil and grease, tributaries sampled (additional monitoring road salts and other debris. Road ditch information is provided below). Erosion and sedimentation resulting from 1 Brady, N.C., and R.R. Weil. 1999. The Nature and agricultural activities is a concern primarily in Properties of Soils. 12th ed. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle the southern and eastern portions of the River, NJ. Chapter 3: Priority Areas page 29 maintenance practices are also a significant suspended matter from the watershed. Soil source of sediment, as the ditches provide a erosion is one of the major sources of nutrient direct route to streams. Although the beaver loss from watersheds and is positively corre- provides various ecological benefits, the lated with total phosphorus and TKN loss in burrowing activities of beavers can cause all of the Oneida Lake tributaries studied. shoreline erosion, and the breaching or Additional information is available in the full breaking apart of beaver dams can result in report, “Nutrient and Suspended Sediment increased sediment loads downstream. Losses From Oneida Lake Tributaries, 2002- 2003,” which can be found at Identification of Priority Areas: www.cnyrpdb.org/oneidalake. For the next Priority areas for erosion and sedimentation phase of the monitoring program, additional were identified based on existing information sampling is being done on Oneida Creek. from four different sources: tributary monitor- Segment analysis, a technique to identify the ing results, Priority Waterbodies List, stream sources of pollutants along a stream, is being erosion surveys, and County Water Quality applied. In addition, research studies, includ- Strategy reports. These programs are fully ing the Analysis of the Oneida Creek Delta in described in the Oneida Lake State of the Lake South Bay project, will continue to analyze the and Watershed Report. bed load (sand fraction) contribution of Fish and Oneida Creeks to the total sediment load. Tributary Monitoring: The 2002-2003 Oneida Lake Tributary Monitoring Program involved Priority Waterbodies List: A summary of sampling at the base of 11 tributaries flowing waterbodies affected by sediment, as listed in into Oneida Lake to document nutrient and the NYS DEC’s 1996 Priority Waterbodies sediment loading to the lake and to prioritize List (PWL), is presented in the table below. streams. Of the 11 tributaries sampled, Efforts are currently underway to add sedi- Chittenango, Cowaselon, Oneida, Limestone ment as a primary pollutant of Oneida Lake in and Fish Creeks have the greatest loss of the next edition of the PWL. PWL Segment Summary for the Oneida Lake Watershed (1996) Primary Use Primary Segment Name Subwatershed Severity Primary Source Affected Pollutant* Chittenango Creek Chittenango Creek Fish Propagation Threatened Silt (Sediment) Construction Lower Oneida Ck. Oneida Creek Fish Propagation Impaired Silt (Sediment) Agriculture Wood Creek Wood Creek Fish Survival Stressed Silt (Sediment) Agriculture Jamesville Res. Limest./Butternut Bathing Impaired Silt (Sediment) Agriculture Limestone / Resource Limestone Creek Fish Propagation Impaired Silt (Sediment) Butternut Extraction Poolsbrook Chittenango Creek Fish Propagation Threatened Silt (Sediment) Construction Tributary Source: NYS DEC (1996) Priority Waterbodies List for the Oswego-Seneca-Oneida River Basin * Note: In the Oneida Lake watershed, the following segments are also listed on the PWL because silt/sediment is a secondary pollutant affecting water quality: Butternut Creek Tributary, Canada
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