DOCSLIB.ORG

Oxford Medicine Newsletter December 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Oxford Medicine Newsletter December 2020 Oxford Medicine THE NEWSLETTER OF THE OXFORD MEDICAL ALUMNI OXFORD MEDICINE • DECEMBER 2020 Professor COVID Vaccines Frontline Osler Rowing Ledingham Perspectives Revival 91 Not Out! And much more... Pictured: Professor John Ledingham 2 / OXFORD MEDICINE DECEMBER 2020 President’s Piece Vaccines for COVID-19 3 So much is at stake. We stand at an extraordinary Prof Charles Bangham inflection point. But where to start? Professor John GG Ledingham - 7 ‘I would adopt an A to E approach’ is the phrase 91 Not Out! currently used by young doctors when faced with a catastrophic problem, or when they have The Spirit of Brexit: Past, Present and 10 no idea what to do. I tried it with this edition: Future - Prof Alastair Buchan A - Anatomy and Augmented Reality; B -Brexit; Augmented Reality for Anatomy C - COVID…then I thought about an approach I 12 Dr Matthew Williams and Mr Tom Cosker Dr Lyn Williamson used as a young house physician - ‘What would OMA President J Led do?’ Frontline Perspectives - Prof Chris 14 Professor John Ledingham is one of Oxford’s Conlon (Oxford Update), Prof Neil Mortenen great clinicians and teachers. He has inspired generations of doctors, (Surgery), Dr Sarah Lowndes (Oncology), Dr including many who have contributed to this edition. He shares Will Seligman (ICU Reg), Dr Hannah Thould memories of his career in an interview which is warm and honest, (SHO), Dr Bernard Bukala (F1) spiced with pithy anecdotes and words of wisdom. This interview Alumni Letters 21 introduces ‘Recollecting Oxford Medicine,’ a 10-year project by Dr 'Memories from the Wittery' (Dr Carole Derek Hockaday and Dr Peggy Frith to preserve an oral history of Robertson) Oxford medicine through interviews, archived as podcasts in the Bodleian library. 'An Old Duffers Tale' (Dr Tim Crossley) 'Tingewick Remembered' (Prof Sir Terence We pay tribute to another great Oxford clinician - Professor Peter Stephenson) Sleight who died earlier this year. Through extracts from his ROM interview, he shares his story in his own words. 'Finding Your Own Voice' (Dr Mary Ryan) Dr Adam Our frontline clinicians have learned to adapt to the constancy of Tales from the Land of Oz - 24 change. Their voices are important. We hear from different specialities Skinner and Dr Luke Williamson and different generations of doctors. Recollecting Oxford Medicine 26 Professor Charles Bangham tackles the issue at the forefront of our Dr Derek Hockaday and Dr Peggy Frith minds – a vaccine for COVID. His elegant summary of immunology and vaccinology is a must-read for those of us who need help making The Oxford Textbook of Medicine, 27 sense of the many vaccines just around the corner. Sixth Edition - Dr John Firth Augmented Reality for anatomy teaching? Mr Tom Cosker and Matt Osler House Rowing Club Revival 28 Williams whet our appetites for this new teaching aid for surgeons and Jennifer Holmes, Prof Simon Smail CBE, medical students. Dr Patrick Carroll, Dr Graeme Rocker, Dr Lesley Starr, Dr Sally Hope, Dr Tim Crossley, Osler House in Berlin is something to look forward to in Europe post- Dr Lyn Williamson Brexit and we are grateful to Professor Alastair Buchan for his update. Dr Catherine Swales (DME) describes her mission to maintain Congratulations 33 excellent teaching at the medical school. The Osler Medical student reports are full of infectious energy, not least from the Osler House Obituaries Rowing Club revival. 34 There is much to be thankful for. Oxford scientists and researchers have News from the Medical School 38 led the world in their response to the pandemic. The world looks forward Dr Catherine Swales their results. We congratulate Dr Keith Hawton on his CBE for work on suicide prevention, Dr Sarah Walker on her OBE for services to Academia Osler House News - Thomas Brockwell 40 and the CV response, Dr Ravi Gupta listed Times Top 100 for his work on HIV. There is a new edition of the Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Tingewick News - Madeleine Oliver 41 We feature contributions from forty alumni spanning EIGHT decades and by ‘clicking on the links’ you will be able to hear voices of OMA Christmas Quiz & Crossword - Dr Neil 42 members, past present and future. Thank you all. Snowise and Mr David Williamson As the nights draw in and the second wave does its worst, I prescribe Optimistic Poem - Dr Lesley Starr combination therapy: 44 • A heavy dose of nostalgia provided by early Osler House rowers OMA Update 45 and other Alumni letters Quiz and Crossword Answers • A cocktail of clever, witty and thought-provoking pieces provided 46 my family and friends from the 79-81 graduates. Cartoons - Dr Chris Mason In my 64th year, ‘I got by with a little help from my friends’. 47 To use the 2020 sign-off: Stay well and take care everyone. Back Cover Photos - Dr Chris Roberts 48 Dr Lyn Williamson Design by - Lucy Jonas (portfolio) 46 OXFORD MEDICINE DECEMBER 2020 / 3 Vaccines for COVID-19: a primer Professor Charles Bangham, Whereas the innate immune response is not specific to Professor of Immunology; Head, one virus, the acquired immune response consists of Division of Infectious Diseases, antibodies and T cells that are specific to the antigens Imperial College London. Lincoln in that virus. On first exposure to a new antigen, the College 1977-80 frequency of antibody-producing B cells and T cells specific to that antigen is very low (around one in a Charles qualified in medical million), and it takes around a week for the growth of sciences at Cambridge sufficient numbers of B and T cells specific to the new and clinical medicine at Oxford. In 1995, antigen to mount an effective immune response. This he was appointed Chair of Immunology, first week of a viral infection is of particular importance and since 2013, Head of the Division of in infection with SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College Faculty COVID-19. of Medicine. Since 1987, he has conducted research on the immunology and virology Antibodies are of critical importance in an efficient antiviral response. However, even in a secondary of persistent viral infections, especially the infection, antibodies alone are rarely sufficient to human retrovirus HTLV-1. Charles is a Wellcome completely prevent an infection. There is a frequent Trust Investigator and a Fellow of the UK misconception concerning the importance of Academy of Medical Sciences. He has chaired neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies are many national and international grant review those that inactivate a virus in a short-term assay in panels. He was awarded the BMC Retrovirology vitro. But the standard in vitro neutralization assays Prize 2007, the International Retrovirology fail to measure two major mechanisms by which Association Basic Science Prize 2015, and the an antibody can kill the virus in vivo: complement- David Derse Memorial Award from the National dependent lysis and antibody-dependent, cell-mediated Cancer Institute, USA, in 2018. He is a Visiting cytotoxicity (ADCC). Therefore, the protective value Professor, Kyoto University, Japan. In 2019, he of antibodies in vivo may correlate better with the was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. total titre of virus-specific antibody (including the neutralizing antibody) than with the titre of neutralizing What can we expect of an anti-viral antibody alone. vaccine? Many of the most effective antiviral vaccines are An effective anti-viral vaccine will prevent or diminish modified, attenuated viruses, derived either from the symptoms, severe disease, and onward transmission pathogenic virus itself or from a vector such as an of the virus. Vaccines rarely - if ever - completely adenovirus that expresses one of the genes of the block reinfection of an individual with the same virus, pathogen. The reason that attenuated viruses are as is shown by the production of a secondary immune particularly efficient vaccines is because they elicit, in response. The term “sterilizing immunity” is therefore addition to antibodies, both helper (CD4+) T cells and probably a misnomer. cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells. The helper T cells are essential both to help the antibody response and the cytotoxic T The immune response to viruses cell response, and to elicit a high frequency of memory lymphocytes - both B cells and T cells - which can The innate immune response is triggered within hours respond more rapidly to a reinfection with the same of infection. The most important component is the virus. It is the cytotoxic T lymphocytes that are usually interferon response: almost all nucleated cells in the essential to eradicate a virus from the body, by killing body are capable of producing type 1 (alpha or beta) virus-infected cells. interferons, which in turn activate the expression of a large number (c.300) of genes that combat the virus by How long does immune protection last? several parallel molecular pathways. The complement system, cytokines and chemokines also contribute to The duration of protection differs widely between the innate immune response. Finally, natural killer (NK) antiviral vaccines. Some, such as those against Yellow cells and dendritic cells (DCs) are the two main cellular Fever and Measles viruses, provide excellent protection components of innate immunity. for many years, even life-long. By contrast, the protection given by the influenza vaccine typically lasts The innate immune response has two chief functions. much shorter because the immune response that it First, it directly inhibits the growth and spread of the elicits wanes relatively quickly and the influenza viruses virus, via interferons, complement and NK cells. Second, continually evolve. it mobilizes and stimulates the acquired immune response, via DCs, complement, cytokines and chemokines. 4 / OXFORD MEDICINE DECEMBER 2020 Apart from the highly pathogenic coronaviruses SARS, MERS and SARS-CoV-2 that have recently emerged in the human population, four endemic coronaviruses have circulated widely for many years.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Medical Students in England and France, 1815-1858
    FLORENT PALLUAULT D.E.A., archiviste paléographe MEDICAL STUDENTS IN ENGLAND AND FRANCE 1815-1858 A COMPARATIVE STUDY University of Oxford Faculty of Modern History - History of Science Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy Trinity 2003 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In the first instance, my most sincere gratitude goes to Dr Ruth Harris and Dr Margaret Pelling who have supervised this thesis. Despite my slow progress, they have supported my efforts and believed in my capacities to carry out this comparative study. I hope that, despite its defects, it will prove worthy of their trust. I would like to thank Louella Vaughan for providing an interesting eighteenth-century perspective on English medical education, sharing her ideas on my subject and removing some of my misconceptions. Similarly, I thank Christelle Rabier for her support and for our discussions regarding her forthcoming thesis on surgery in England and France. My thanks naturally go to the staff of the various establishments in which my research has taken me, and particularly to the librarians at the Wellcome Library for the History and Understanding of Medicine in London, the librarians in the History of Science Room at the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris, and to Bernadette Molitor and Henry Ferreira-Lopes at the Bibliothèque Inter-Universitaire de Médecine in Paris. I am grateful to Patricia Gillet from the Association d’entraide des Anciens élèves de l’École des Chartes for the financial support that the Association has given me and to Wes Cordeau at Texas Supreme Mortgage, Inc. for the scholarship that his company awarded me.
    [Show full text]
  • Transforming Our Research Base, Collaborative Projects Showcase
    #TCNPlus TRANSFORMING OUR RESEARCH BASE: COLLABORATIVE PROJECTS SHOWCASE FERGUS HARRADENCE Deputy Director, Construction, Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy ALISON NICHOLL Head of Constructing Excellence, BRE ##TCNPlusTCNPlus PUTTING PEOPLE AT THE HEART OF FUTURE SOCIAL HOUSING DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE DR HUDA DAWOOD Senior Research Associate, Teesside University PROFESSOR PAUL VAN SCHAIK Professor of Psychology, Teesside University ##TCNPlusTCNPlus THE PROBLEM • Social-housing occupants have limited choice over their living environment • Social-housing providers focus on low cost • User experience is not systematically addressed in social-housing design Existing work on requirements and design takes a technology-driven ‘deficit approach’: fixing problems rather than fulfilling human needs • Occupants’ quality of living environment may be compromised v The project addresses the lack of a systematic and theoretical approach to incorporating user experience (UX) research, tools and models to support social housing design • Social-housing occupants are more likely to experience fuel poverty v The project also focuses on occupants’ understanding and experience of energy systems #TCNPlus THE PLAN 1. Conduct a systematic literature review to identify design parameters that are relevant for housing and influence occupants’ UX 2. Conduct a systematic literature review to identify occupants’ user needs, convert these into requirements and establish their relevance 3. Develop a theoretical design matrix as a basis for subsequent
    [Show full text]
  • Paediatric Epilepsy Research Report 2019
    Paediatric Epilepsy 2019 Research Report Inside Who we are The organisations and experts behind our research programme What we do Our strategy, projects and impact youngepilepsy.org.uk Contents Introduction 1 Who we are 2 Research Partners 2 Research Funding 4 Research Team 5 What we do 10 Programme Strategy 10 The MEG Project 12 New Research Projects 14 Research Project Update 21 Completed Projects 32 Awarded PhDs 36 Paediatric Epilepsy Masterclass 2018 37 Paediatric Epilepsy Research Retreat 2019 38 Research Publications 40 Unit Roles 47 Unit Roles in Education 49 Professional Recognition and Awards 50 Paediatric Epilepsy Research Report 2019 Introduction I am delighted to present our annual research report for the period July 2018 to June 2019 for the paediatric epilepsy research unit across Young Epilepsy, UCL GOS - Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children. We have initiated 13 new research projects, adding to 20 active projects spanning the clinical, educational and social elements of paediatric epilepsy. We have published 110 peer-reviewed items of primary research and a further 54 chapters in books, reviews and commentaries of expert opinion. During this period, Young Epilepsy Chief Executive Carol Long caught the research bug and moved on to begin her PhD at Durham University. We welcomed our new Chief Executive, Mark Devlin at our Paediatric Epilepsy Research Retreat in January 2019. As an organisation, we are launching a new strategy This report features a spotlight on a truly which sets our research programme as one of innovative project which will change the UK’s the four key offers at Young Epilepsy, and we diagnostic and surgical evaluation imaging suite look forward to sharing our research more widely for childhood epilepsy.
    [Show full text]
  • 1520 Cell Dynamics and Immune Response to BLV Infection
    [Frontiers in Bioscience 12, 1520-1531, January 1, 2007] Cell dynamics and immune response to BLV infection: a unifying model 1 1 2 1 1 1 Arnaud Florins , Nicolas Gillet , Becca Asquith , Mathieu Boxus , Catherine Burteau , Jean-Claude Twizere , Patrice Urbain 1, Fabian Vandermeers 1, Christophe Debacq 3, Maria Teresa Sanchez-Alcaraz 4, Isabelle Schwartz-Cornil 5, Pierre Kerkhofs 6, Genèvieve Jean 7, Andre Théwis 7, Jack Hay 8, Franck Mortreux 9, Eric Wattel 9, Michal Reichert 10, 1 1 2 1,11 Arsène Burny , Richard Kettmann , Charles Bangham and Luc Willems 1 Molecular and Cellular biology, FNRS-FUSAG, Gembloux, Belgium, 2 Department of Immunology, Imperial College, London, UK, 3 GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium, 4 Department of Medical Genetics and Microbiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,5 U892 INRA, Jouy-en-Josas, France, 6 Department of Virology, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, Uccle, Belgium, 7 Zootechny unit, FUSAG, Gembloux, Belgium, 8 Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 9 Unité d'oncogenèse virale, CNRS UMR5537 Centre Leon Bérard, Lyon, France, 10 Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. One pathogen in two different hosts developing related diseases 4. Strong but apparently inefficient humoral and cytotoxic immune response 5. Is the virus transcriptionally silent? The caveats of a dogma 6. How does the virus replicate? Viral replication cycle and cellular clonal expansion 7. Does the virus protect from apoptosis? The most straightforward and the alternative interpretations 8. Cell dynamics of pathogenesis in different models 9. Lymphocyte trafficking in lymphoid organs 10. Modulation of viral expression as therapy 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Epidemiology of Visual Impairment, Sight-Threatening Or Treatment-Requiring Diabetic Eye Disease in Children and Young People in the UK: Findings from DECS
    1 Title page Title: Epidemiology of visual impairment, sight-threatening or treatment-requiring diabetic eye disease in children and young people in the UK: findings from DECS. Authors: Maria C Ibanez-Bruron MD, PhD1,2,3; Ameenat L Solebo PhD, FRCOphth1,2,4,5,6; Phillippa M. Cumberland MSc1,2, Jugnoo S Rahi PhD, FRCOphth1,2,4,5,6, on behalf of the Diabetic Eye Disease in Childhood Study (DECS) group. Affiliations: 1 Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK 2 Ulverscroft Vision Research Group, London, UK 3 Department of Ophthalmology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile 4 Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK 5 Moorfields NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK 6 Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK. Corresponding author: Professor Jugnoo Sangeeta Rahi, PhD, FRCOphth. GOS Institute of Child Health UCL, 30 Guildford Street, London, WC1N 1EH. Tel: 020 7905 2250; email: [email protected] ORCiD: 0000-0002-5718-9209 Word count: 3134 Financial Support: This work was funded by the Ulverscroft Foundation, the Diabetes Research & Wellness Foundation. Maria Ibanez-Bruron is also funded by National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research in Chile (CONICYT). AL Solebo 2 received support from the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR BRC) based at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, and is funded by an NIHR Clinician Scientist award. JS Rahi receives support from the NIHR BRC based at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, and is also supported by an NIHR Senior Investigator award.
    [Show full text]
  • Medico-Chirurgical Transactions
    MEDICO-CHIRURGICAL TRANSACTIONS. PUBLISHED BY THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. VOLUME THE SIXTY-THIRD. LONDON: LONGMANS, GREEN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1880. i........OO.EOHTR:IJRQIOA .'.TRANSACTIONS.- THE ROYAL MEDICAL AND. CIUURGICAL SOCIETY * ~~~or LONDON. SECOND SERIES. VOLUME THE FORTY-PffmT LONDON: LONGMANS, G[REN, READER, AND DYER, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1880. PRINTED BY J. E. ADLARD, BARTHOLOXEW COSE. ROYAL MEDICAL AND CHIRURGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. PATRON. THE QUEEN. OFFICERS AND COUNCIL, ELECTED MARCH 1, 1880. 8resihet,t JOHN ERIC ERICHSEN, F.R.S. rCHARLES BLAND RADCLIFFE, M.D. ALFRED BARING GARROD, M.D., F.R.S. VICE-PRESIDENTS. BARNARD WIGHT HOLT. LJOHN BIRKETT. r WILLIAM WEGG, M.D. TREASURERS. l JOHN COOPER FORSTER. { REGINALD EDWARD THOMPSON, M.D. SECRETARIES. TIMOTHY HOLMES. GEORGE JOHNSON, M.D., F.R.S. LIBRARIANS. L l JOHN WHITAKER HULKE, F.R.S. r JOHN LANGDON H. DOWN, M.D. CHARLES HILTON FAGGE, M.D. SAMUEL FENVICK, M.D. JOHN HARLEY, M.D. OTHER MEMBERS J GEORGE ROPER, M.D. OF COUNCIL. ] FREDERICK JAMES GANT. CHRISTOPHER HEATH. FRANCIS MASON. JOHN MORGAN. ALFRED WILLETT. THE ABOVE FORM THE COUNCIL. RESIDENT ASSISTANT-LIBRARIAN. BENJAMIN ROBERT WHEATLEY. A LIST OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE SOCIETY FROM ITS FORMATION. ELECTED 1805. WILLIAM SAUNDERS, M.D. 1808. MATTHEW BAILLIE, M.D. 1810. SIR HENRY HALFORD, BART., M.D., G.C.H. 1813. SIR GILBERT BLANE, BART., M.D. 1815. HENRY CLINE. 1817. WILLIAM BABINGTON, M.D. 1819. SIR ASTLEY PASTON COOPER, BART., K.C.H., D.C.L. 1821. JOHN COOKE, M.D. 1823. JOHN ABERNETHY. 1825.
    [Show full text]
  • Covid-19 Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Are Attenuated and Decay Rapidly in Infliximab Treated Patients’
    Supplementary Information for ‘Covid-19 vaccine-induced antibodies are attenuated and decay rapidly in infliximab treated patients’ Table of Contents Supplementary Table 1: Contributors to the CLARITY IBD study ................................................................................. 2 Supplementary Table 2: Baseline characteristic of participants who had anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies measured 2 to 10 weeks following 2 doses of vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 .............................................................. 23 Supplementary Table 1: Contributors to the CLARITY IBD study Affiliation First name Surname Barts Health NHS Trust Klaartje Kok Farjhana Bokth Bessie Cipriano Caroline Francia Nosheen Khalid Hafiza Khatun Ashley Kingston Irish Lee Anouk Lehmann Kinnari Naik Elise Pabriaga Nicolene Plaatjies Kevin Samuels Barts Health NHS Trust (paediatric) Bessie Cipriano Kevin Samuels Nicolene Plaatjies Hafiza Khatun Farjana Bokth Elise Pabriaga Caroline Francia Basingstoke and North Hampshire Rebecca Saich Hospital Hayley Cousins Wendy Fraser Rachel Thomas Matthew Brown 2 Affiliation First name Surname Benjamin White Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital Nikolaos. Kirkineziadis Bernadette Tilley Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Rafeeq Muhammed Foundation Trust Rehana Bi Catherine Cotter Jayne Grove Kate Hong Ruth Howman Monica Mitchell Sophie Clayton Sugrah Sultan Melanie Rooney Charlotte Cottrill Bolton NHS Foundation Trust Salil Singh Chris Dawe Robert Hull Natalie Silva Borders General Hospital Jonathan Manning Lauren
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Preventing Ovarian Cancer Through Early Excision of Tubes and Late
    Preventing Ovarian Cancer through early Excision of Tubes and late Ovarian Removal (PROTECTOR): protocol for a prospective non-randomised multicentre trial Faiza Gaba,1, 2 Sadiyah Robbani,3 Naveena Singh,4 W Glenn McCluggage,5 Nafisa Wilkinson,6 Raji Ganesan,7 Gareth Bryson,8 Gareth Rowlands,9 Charlotte Tyson,3 Rupali Arora,6 Ertan Saridogan,10 Helen Hanson,11 Matthew Burnell,12 Rosa Legood,13 D. Gareth Evans,14 Usha Menon,12 Ranjit Manchanda*1, 2, 12 on behalf of the PROTECTOR** team. 1Wolfson Institute of Preventative Medicine, Barts CRUK Cancer Centre Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK 2Department of Gynaecological Oncology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London EC1A 7BE, UK 3Centre for Experimental Cancer Medicine, Barts CRUK Cancer Centre Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK 4Department of Pathology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whitechapel Road, London E1 1BB, UK 5Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Grosvenor Rd, Belfast BT12 6BA , UK 6Department of Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 235 Euston Rd, Bloomsbury, London NW1 2BU, UK 7Birmingham Women’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TG, UK 8NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, 1055 Great Western Rd, Glasgow G12 0XH, UK 9Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK 1 10Department of Gynaecology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, 235 Euston Rd, Bloomsbury,
    [Show full text]
  • List of Immunocovid19 Study Group Co-Authors
    BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance Supplemental material placed on this supplemental material which has been supplied by the author(s) BMJ Open Appendix A: List of ImmunoCOVID19 Study Group Co-authors Dr Hesham Abdalla Consultant Paediatrician Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust Moat Road, Walsall WS2 9PA Clinical Nurse Specialist Paediatric Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Ms Daniella Adams Rheumatology Foundation Trust Westminster Bridge Road London, SE1 7EH Consultant Paediatric Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Southampton Children’s Dr Nadeem A Afzal Gastroenterologist Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital and University Hospital Mr Nicolas Aldridge Lead Nurse R and D Coventry and Warwickshire 2nd Floor, PRI suit, UHCW, Clifford Bridge Road, CV2 2DX Consultant Paediatric Dr Paola Angelini Oncology Royal Marsden Hospital Downs Road, Sutton, SM2 7HE Paediatric Box 267 Children’s Services, Biomedical Campus, hills Road, Cambridge Dr Kate Armon Rheumatologist Paediatric Department, Addenbrookes hospital, Cambridge Cb2 0QQ Human Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Clinical Research Fellow Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Southampton Children’s Dr James Ashton in Paediatric IBD Hospital Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals Mrs Helen Baker Data Manager NHS Foundation Trust Hills Road, Cambridge,
    [Show full text]
  • Reducing the Global Burden of HTLV-1 Infection: an Agenda for Research and Action
    Antiviral Research 137 (2017) 41e48 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Antiviral Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/antiviral Review Reducing the global burden of HTLV-1 infection: An agenda for research and action * Luc Willems a, z, , Hideki Hasegawa b, z, Roberto Accolla c, Charles Bangham d, Ali Bazarbachi e, Umberto Bertazzoni f, Anna Barbara de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti g, Hua Cheng h, Luigi Chieco-Bianchi i, Vincenzo Ciminale i, Jordana Coelho-dos-Reis j, Jose Esparza h, Robert C. Gallo h, Antoine Gessain k, Eduardo Gotuzzo l, William Hall m, Joseph Harford n, Olivier Hermine o, Steven Jacobson p, Beatrice Macchi q, Calum Macpherson r, Renaud Mahieux s, Masao Matsuoka t, Edward Murphy u, Jean-Marie Peloponese v, Viviana Simon w, Yutaka Tagaya h, Graham P. Taylor d, Toshiki Watanabe x, Yoshihisa Yamano y a University of Liege, Belgium b National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan c University of Insubria, Varese, Italy d Imperial College, London, UK e American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon f University of Verona, Verona, Italy g Fundaçao~ Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil h Institute of Human Virology, Baltimore, USA i University of Padova, Padova, Italy j Rene Rachou Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Belo Brazil Horizonte, Brazil k Institut Pasteur, Paris, France l Tropical Medical Institute Alexander von Humboldt, Lima, Peru m Centre for Research in Infectious Disease, Dublin, Ireland n National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, USA o Hopital^ Necker, Paris, France p National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, USA q University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy r St. George's University, Grenada s Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, Lyon, France t Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan u University of California, San Francisco, USA v University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France w Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA x University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan y St.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors In
    The role of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors in HTLV-1 infection A thesis submitted to Imperial College London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Katie R. Twigger Imperial College London 2014 Section of Immunology Department of Medicine Wright-Fleming Institute Imperial College Norfolk Place London W2 1PG Declaration of originality and copyright Copyright The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives licence. Researchers are free to copy, distribute or transmit the thesis on the condition that they attribute it, that they do not use it for commercial purposes and that they do not alter, transform or build upon it. For any reuse or distribution, researchers must make clear to others the licence terms of this work. Declaration of originality All work presented in this thesis is the author’s own other than where clearly stated in the ‘Statement of Collaboration’. Signature________________ Date____________________ 2 Summary Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes the debilitating neuroinflammatory disease HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in a minority of infected individuals, while the majority are lifelong asymptomatic carriers (ACs). The effectiveness of the CD8+ T-cell response to HTLV-1 is a major determinant of the HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) and the associated HAM/TSP risk. Host genotype, particularly of HLA class I, strongly influences CD8+ T-cell effectiveness against HTLV-1. Furthermore, possession of the KIR gene 2DL2 was recently shown to enhance protective and detrimental HLA class I-associated immunity to HTLV-1 and HCV (Seich al Basatena et al., 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • 1942(March): HSC Subcommittee Meets and Makes Recommendations
    Establishing the Vision, and the Reality in 1945 A Brief History of the Institute of Child Health 1852: The Hospital for 1866 1910: Postgraduate Medical Background Sick Children (HSC). courses at HSC expanded • Lectures for undergraduates and 1853 Pupils at the hospital for bedside tuition. postgraduates in the hospital. Smallpox vaccination 1878 made1854 compulsory • The Charles West School of Nursing established at The Hospital for Charles West publishes his book Sick Children. Florence“How Nightingaleto nurse sick in children” the Crimea; 1857-61 1884-87 Pasteur describes origin of bacteria; • Lecture theatre and course prospectus at The Hospital for Sick Children. birth 1880-83of germ theory of infection 1895 Pasteur develops vaccines against • The Hospital for Sick Children Medical Koch discovers tubercule bacillus chicken pox, cholera and anthrax. School established; approved by and cholera bacillus the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons First Dean; Dr F.G. Penrose. Founder — Charles West 1900 First Dean — Dr F.G. Penrose By the turn of the century progress infection, its channels and preventative 1941: Board of Management of HSC began to discuss “new concept” of preventative medicine applied to children. included identification of causes of and Koch), Anaesthesia (Lister), methodsRadiography of containment (Reuntgen) (Pasteur 1942 (March): HSC Subcommittee meets and makes recommendations 1905 1. Preventative and curative work c) Practice of preventative with a Dean, a Professor, • Applied Psychology Bordet and Gengou isolate should be concerted by closer whooping cough bacillus cooperation between public health hospital is a convenient centre Puberty and Delinquency. services and children’s hospitals. methods for which a children’s part-time teachers and Home discipline, School life, e) Preventative paediatrics to be infant welfare, special clinics accommodation.
    [Show full text]