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State of the Logan River Watershed

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State of the Logan River Watershed State of the Logan River Watershed 2020–2021 Bethany T. Neilson Patrick Strong Jeffery S. Horsburgh March 1, 2021 In partnership with: Preface This report provides a summary of data collected within the Logan River Observatory as required by funds provided by the Utah State Legislature, which are managed and overseen by the Utah Division of Water Resources. The primary objectives of the report are to highlight the data types and availability within the Logan River Observatory, provide a brief overview of the data from 2020 –2021, and to summarize recent and ongoing research and outreach affiliated with the observatory. Cite this report as: Neilson, B.T., Strong, P., and Horsburgh, J.S. (2021). State of the Logan River Watershed. Utah Water Research Laboratory, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA. https://uwrl.usu.edu/files/pdf/2020-21-lro-annual-report.pdf Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables ................................................................................................................................................. v Background ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Origins ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Logan River Observatory Overview .......................................................................................................... 1 2020-2021 Summary of Accomplishments Based on LRO Data ................................................................... 2 Logan River Watershed Overview ................................................................................................................. 3 LRO Data Types and Availability .................................................................................................................... 4 Logan River Hydrology .................................................................................................................................. 8 State of the Logan River in Logan Canyon for WY2020 and WY2021 ....................................................... 8 State of the Logan River in Cache Valley for WY2020 and WY2021 ....................................................... 10 Logan River Water Quality .......................................................................................................................... 12 Summary of Key Findings ............................................................................................................................ 16 Data Availability, Research, Proposals, and Outreach Activities ................................................................ 16 Publicly Available Datasets ..................................................................................................................... 16 Completed and Ongoing LRO Research Findings/Outcomes: ................................................................. 17 Currently Funded LRO Research Projects ............................................................................................... 18 LRO Related Proposals ............................................................................................................................ 19 Education and Outreach ......................................................................................................................... 19 Faculty Involvement ................................................................................................................................ 24 Research Products .................................................................................................................................. 24 References .................................................................................................................................................. 26 Appendix A .................................................................................................................................................. 27 iii List of Figures Figure 1. LRO and other relevant monitoring locations that provide complementary data (find this navigable map at https://uwrl.usu.edu/lro/locations). ..................................................... 4 Figure 2. Simplified schematic of LRO mainstem and tributary site locations. The vertical line represents the Logan River, with flow from top to bottom. Arrows pointing toward the river (blue) indicate inflows, and arrows pointing away from the river (orange) indicate withdrawals. Lines that cross the river indicate the locations of continuous aquatic monitoring sites. Flow rates of all diversions are monitored by the Utah Division of Water Rights, but are included here to provide an overview of primary inflows and diversions that are monitored. .............................................................................. 5 Figure 3. Snow accumulation and melt, with increased stream flow at two locations in Logan Canyon for October 1, 2019 – Sept 30, 2020 (WY2020) and current snow accumulation as of January 31, 2021. ....................................................................................... 8 Figure 4. Logan Canyon site discharge and summary statistics from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 (WY2020). ................................................................................................ 9 Figure 5. Logan Canyon site discharge and summary statistics from October 1, 2014 (WY2015) to September 30, 2020 (WY2020). ................................................................................................ 9 Figure 6. Snow accumulation and melt for the Logan River Golf Course site along with increased stream flow at three locations in Cache Valley for October 1, 2019 – Sept 30, 2020 (WY 2020). Also shown is the current snow accumulation as of January 31, 2021. ............... 10 Figure 7. Cache Valley site discharge and summary statistics from October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020 (WY2020). ................................................................................................................. 11 Figure 8. Cache Valley site discharge and summary statistics from October 1, 2014 (WY2015) to September 30, 2020 (WY2020). .............................................................................................. 12 Figure 9. Logan River canyon site water temperature (°C) observations from July 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020. ...................................................................................................................... 13 Figure 10. Dissolved oxygen (mg/L) observations at Logan River sites in Logan Canyon from July 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020. .................................................................................................... 14 Figure 11. Logan River valley site water temperature (°C) observations and discharge at Main Street and Mendon from July 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020. .................................................... 14 Figure 12. Logan River valley site water temperature (°C) observations from October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2020. ............................................................................................................... 15 Figure 13. Logan River valley site dissolved oxygen (mg/L) observations from July 1, 2020 to August 31, 2020. Additional information regarding specific conductivity, turbidity, and pH are also available at these LRO locations. ................................................................... 15 Figure 14. Logan River valley site dissolved oxygen (mg/L) observations from October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2020. ............................................................................................................... 16 iv List of Tables Table 1. Aquatic sites and variables measured at each site within the Logan River Observatory*. ............ 6 Table 2. Average discharge (m3/s) at each gaging station within the Logan River Observatory for each water year on record. ..................................................................................................... 10 Table 3. Graduate students that use LRO data for part of their thesis/dissertation or worked on a project focused on some aspect of the Logan River watershed. ............................................ 21 Table A-1. Climate site and parameters measured at each site within the Logan River Observatory. ............................................................................................................................ 28 v Background Water is the lifeblood of Utah. Utah’s residents depend on a safe and adequate water supply, not only for drinking water, but for other municipal, agricultural, industrial, and recreational uses. Much of Utah's water supply comes from reservoirs or streams that are fed by snowmelt. Utah’s climate can be highly variable, with large changes in water availability from year to year. Furthermore, as Utah’s climate shifts, historical data may not be predictive of future water supply, raising new questions. For example: As weather patterns change to more rain and less snow, what will be the effect on springtime river flows that fill our reservoirs and summer flows crucial for meeting agricultural and urban demands? How will Utah’s rapidly growing population impact our already limited water supply? How
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