A Learner's Guide to the Old Church Slavic Language
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Slavistische Beiträge ∙ Band 109 (eBook - Digi20-Retro) Philip J. Regier A Learner's Guide to the Old Church Slavic Language Teil 1 Grammar with Exercises Verlag Otto Sagner München ∙ Berlin ∙ Washington D.C. Digitalisiert im Rahmen der Kooperation mit dem DFG-Projekt „Digi20“ der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek, München. OCR-Bearbeitung und Erstellung des eBooks durch den Verlag Otto Sagner: http://verlag.kubon-sagner.de © bei Verlag Otto Sagner. Eine Verwertung oder Weitergabe der Texte und Abbildungen, insbesondere durch Vervielfältigung, ist ohne vorherige schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages unzulässig. «Verlag Otto Sagner» ist ein Imprint der Kubon & Sagner GmbH. Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access S l a v is t ic h e B eiträge BEGRÜNDET VON ALOIS SCHMAUS HERAUSGEGEBEN VON JOHANNES HOLTHUSEN UND JOSEF SCHRENK REDAKTION: PETER REHDER Band 109 Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access PHILIP J. REGIER A LEARNER’S GUIDE TO THE OLD CHURCH SLAVIC LANGUAGE Part 1 Grammar with Exercises VERLAG OTTO SAGNER • MÜNCHEN 1977 Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access ISBN 3-87690-130-8 Copyright by Verlag Otto Sagner, München 1977 Abteilung der Firma Kubon & Sagner, München Druck: Alexander Grossmann Fàustlestr. 1, D-8000 München 2 Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access 00050629 PREFACE This book is intended as a guide for those who wish to learn a language which is important for comparative Slavic studies (in order to facilitate subsequent study of more than one of the Slavic languages, just as Latin facilitates study of the Romance languages), for an understanding of the Church Slavic element of Russian (as important as the Latin element in English) , or for comparative Indo-European studies. The approach taken is that of generative grammar, which provides for the most cohesive and precise formulation of the principles of a language, enabling the student to learn the language from the inside out• It is suggested that learners with no prior knowledge of either linguistics or the grammar of another Slavic language read the Introduction carefully. In an effort to make the book as nearly self-teaching as possible I have included in the Introduction defini- tions of some of the most elementary linguistic terminology, as well as information on the prehistory of OCS and the particular linguistic approach taken in this book. Learners already familiar with the structure of Russian and who have the active aid of an instructor should be able to start Chapter I and the reading of Old Church Slavic texts immediately. For such students this book will gradually build an active knowledge of the underlying structure of Old Church Slavic and reinforce their understanding of the struetur« of Russian. V Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access 00050629 The outline of OCS grammar presented here, like any other lin- guistic theory, is clearly open to considerable disagreement regard- ing both items said processes. I have changed my mind quite often, especially in the choice of systematic forms for various morphemes. Persons using the book for any purpose may, of course, freely adjust underlying forms and insert, re-order, change, or delete rules to achieve greater descriptive elegance, keeping in mind the frequently opposing principles of maximum generality and minimum abstractness* I hope that I have at least provided an explicit and workable frame- work for future discussion of OCS in the generative view. The exercises are of five types (excluding the optional chapter on the Glagolitic alphabet): (1) identification of forns, (2) iden- tification and derivation of phonetic forms from systematic forms, (3) writing of systematic forms, (4) translation into English, and (5) translation into OCS. For students aspiring to a mere reading knowledge of the language, only the first and fourth types are recom mended. For the more truly serious learner, the other three types w ill offer the opportunity to learn actually to produce forms and utterances in OCS. Such an ability is no triv ia l skill? it is, rath an essential key to one of the great language families of the world. The study of "dead" languages is too often seen as boring and pointless, but these old tongues provide the key to our common past and prove that the "brotherhood of man” is no abstract concept but a lite ra l fact. I should like, therefore, to dedicate this book not only to my wife Janet but also to students of ancient languages and literatures, among whom the dearest to me is my brother B ill. vi Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access 00050629 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I am very grateful to the President's Circle of the University of Southern California for the grant which made publication of this book possible. This grant was made through the efforts of Dr. Anthony M. Mlikotin, Chairman of the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, Dr. Larry M. Hyman, Chairman of the Department of Linguistics, Dr. David H. Malone, Dean of the Division of Humanities, and Dr. John W. Marburger, Dean of the College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences. I should also like to acknowledge the inspiration and advice received from Professors Edward T. Purcell, Larry M. Hyman, Masayoshi Shibatani, and Anthony M. Mlikotin of the University of Southern California, Professors Lew R. Micklesen, James E. Augerot, and Herbert S. Coats of the University of Washington, Professors Henrik Birnbaum and Michael Flier of the University of California at Los Angeles, and Professor Winfred P. Lehmann of the University of Texas at Austin. I am also grateful to my friend Mr. Joel J. Lorimer, who, with no previous background in any Slavic language or in linguistics, did much of the firs t drafts of the Key to the Exercises and the Glossaries; to the Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Company, whose grant supported much of the research embodied in this work; and to my wife Janet, whose patience and encouragement were essential to the completion of this lengthy task. vii Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access 00050629 СВИТRAL EUROPE in later 9th Century (Slavic tribes are italicized) Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access CONTENTS PREFACE.................................................................................................................... V MAP OP EASTERN ЕОНОИ....................................................................▼ lii INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. x iii I. THE PRESENT TENSE OF SIMPLE VERBS ...................................... 1 II. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS 9V0U> +■, ■P, St.............................................. 7 III. THE INFINITIVE.............................................................................................. 8 IV. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS ë , Л» ...........................................................................10 V. VELAR ALTERNATIONS .................................................................................. 11 VI. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS X, >, tS. 1Г, .......................................... 14 VII. THE SIGMATIC AORIST..................................................................................15 VIII. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS A, 9, £, Я. U l...........................................................................18 IX. MORE ON THE SIGMATIC AORIST AND THE INFINITIVE..............................................................................................19 X. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS A. •»*, b, A, .....................................................................22 XI. THE O-DECLENSION: MASCULINE ........................................................ 23 XII. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS £4 Iģl,T , .....................................................................30 XIII. MORE VELAR ALTERNATIONS.....................................................................32 XIV. UNINFLECTABLE WORDS .................................................................................. 34 XV. THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS V, 0« T . ' i .............................................. 36 XVI. THE A-DECLENSION........................................................................................38 XVII. THE O-DECLENSION: NEUTER...............................................................40 Philip J. Regier - 9783954793013 Downloaded from PubFactory at 01/10/2019 05:51:31AM via free access THE EFFECT OF PALATALIZED CONSONANTS ON VOWELS; THE JA- AND JO- DECLENSIONS . 42 THE GLAGOLITIC ALPHABET: LETTERS .............................................................. 50 THE SIMPLE AORIST ................................................................................. 52 ATHEMATIC VERBS ....................................................................................... 53 ADJECTIVES: INDEFINITE FORM .................................................. 60 PRONOUNS ......................................................................................................... 64 SIMPLE VERBS WITH SONORANTS AFTER THE ROOT VOWEL ...................................................................