PT-365-SOCIAL-ISSUES-2018.Pdf
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SOCIAL ISSUES (May 2017 – February 2018) Table of Contents 3.1.1. National Council of Senior Citizens ____ 16 1. GENDER RELATED ISSUES _____________ 3 3.1.2. Policy Response to Aging ____________ 16 1.1. Misuse of Anti-Dowry Legislation ______ 3 3.2. Disabled _________________________ 17 1.2. Triple Talaq ________________________ 3 3.2.1. The Rights of Persons with Disability Act, 2016 _________________________________ 17 1.3. She-Box ___________________________ 4 3.2.2. Divyang Sarathi Mobile App __________ 18 1.4. Global Gender Gap Report 2017 _______ 4 3.3. Minority _________________________ 18 1.5. Women Set to be Inducted in Territorial 3.3.1. Garib Nawaz Skill Development Centres 18 3.3.2. Jiyo Parsi _________________________ 18 Army (TA) _____________________________ 4 3.4. Tribals ___________________________ 19 1.6. Schemes for Economic Empowerment of 3.4.1. Habitat Rights to PVTGS _____________ 19 Women ______________________________ 5 3.4.2. Eklavya Schools ___________________ 19 1.6.1. Kanyashree Prakalpa Scheme __________ 5 1.6.2. Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra 3.5. Other Issues ______________________ 20 (PMMSK) _______________________________ 5 3.5.1. Maharashtra Social Boycott Act _______ 20 1.6.3. 'SheMeansBusiness' Programme _______ 6 3.5.2. Manual Scavenging ________________ 20 3.5.3. Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood 1.7 Schemes in Context of Violence Against and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2017 __ 20 Women ______________________________ 6 3.5.4. Inclusive India Initiative _____________ 21 1.7.1. Swadhar Greh Scheme _______________ 6 3.5.5. 2016 Indian Exclusion Report (IXR) ____ 22 1.7.2. Nirbhaya Fund______________________ 6 4. EDUCATION _______________________ 23 1.8. Schemes to Deal with Son Preference & Girl Child Discrimination _________________ 6 4.1. Primary & Secondary Education ______ 23 1.8.1. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao _____________ 6 4.1.1. Integrated School Education Scheme __ 23 1.8.2. Mission for Protection and Empowerment 4.1.2. National Achievement Survey ________ 24 for Women _____________________________ 7 4.1.3. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Bill, 2017 25 1.9. Schemes Related to Women’s Health __ 8 1.9.1. Project Stree Swabhiman _____________ 8 4.2. Higher Education __________________ 25 1.9.2. Sub-Schemes Under ICDS _____________ 8 4.2.1. All India Survey on Higher Education ___ 25 4.2.2. Institutions of Eminence ____________ 26 1.10. Maternity Benefit Schemes__________ 9 4.2.3. Revitalization Infrastructure and Systems in 1.10.1. Vatsalya-Maatri Amrit Kosh __________ 9 Education _____________________________ 26 1.10.2. Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana 9 4.2.4. Technical Education Quality Improvement 1.10.3. Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 201710 Programme (TEQIP) _____________________ 26 1.11. Other Schemes ___________________ 10 4.2.5. Madhyamik and Uchchtar Shiksha Kosh 27 1.11.1. Online Portals ‘Nari’ and ‘E-Samvaad’ _ 10 4.3. Miscellaneous_____________________ 28 1.12. Developments Related to Transgender 11 4.3.1. Education Development Impact Bond __ 28 4.3.2. Creation of National Testing Agency ___ 28 2. CHILD RELATED ISSUES ______________ 12 4.3.3. Global Education Monitoring Report ___ 28 4.3.4. New Online Education Initiatives ______ 29 2.1. Child Labour ______________________ 12 5. HEALTH ___________________________ 30 2.2. Child Sex Abuse ___________________ 13 5.1. Healthcare Status in India ___________ 30 2.3. Safe Childhood Programme _________ 14 5.1.1. Healthy States, Progressive India Report 30 2.3.1. National Policy for Children 2013 ______ 15 5.1.2. Private Health Care ________________ 30 2.3.2. National Action Plan for Children, 2016 _ 15 5.1.3. Focus on Newborns ________________ 31 3. OLD AGE/DISABLED/VULNERABLE 5.1.4. Infant Mortality Rate _______________ 31 SECTIONS ___________________________ 16 5.1.5. Integrated Health Information Platform (IHIP)_________________________________ 32 3.1. Elderly in India ____________________ 16 1 DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD 8468022022 5.2. Nutrition _________________________ 32 5.5.3. Mental Healthcare Act ______________ 45 5.2.1. Global Hunger Index ________________ 32 5.5.4. Evin Project ______________________ 45 5.2.2. Global Nutrition Report 2017 _________ 33 5.5.5. Index for Tracking Performance of Hospitals45 5.2.3. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in 5.5.6. ECHO Clinic _______________________ 46 the World Report _______________________ 33 5.5.7. AMRIT Outlets ____________________ 46 5.2.4. Urban Nutrition in India _____________ 34 5.5.8. Janaushadhi Pariyojana _____________ 46 5.2.5. National Nutrition Strategy___________ 34 6. MISCELLANEOUS ___________________ 48 5.2.6. ‘Zero Hunger' Programme ___________ 36 5.2.7. Swasth Bachche, Swasth Bharat 6.1. Labour Ministry: Social Security Schemes48 Programme ____________________________ 36 5.2.8. Therapeutic Food __________________ 36 6.2. Indexes and Reports _______________ 48 6.2.1. Social Progress Index: State of India ___ 48 5.3. Family Planning ___________________ 37 6.2.2. Global Human Capital Index __________ 49 5.3.1. Fertility Trend in India _______________ 37 6.2.3. SDGS Index _______________________ 49 5.3.2. Mission Parivar Vikas _______________ 37 6.3. Programmes and Schemes __________ 50 5.4. Diseases _________________________ 38 6.3.1. Swatch Bharat Abhiyan _____________ 50 5.4.1. Global Burden of Disease Study _______ 38 6.3.2. Swacchta Hi Seva __________________ 50 5.4.2. India State Level Disease Burden Report 39 6.3.3. Arunachal Becomes Open Defecation Free 5.4.3. National Strategic Plan (2017-24) & Mission (ODF) ________________________________ 51 Sampark ______________________________ 40 6.3.4. India Youth Development Index and Report 5.4.4. National Strategic Plan for Malaria 2017 _________________________________ 51 Elimination ____________________________ 41 6.3.5. Vidyarthi Vigyan Manthan ___________ 52 5.4.5. Pictorial Warning on Tobacco Products _ 42 6.3.6. LPG Panchayat ____________________ 52 5.4.6. India Health Fund __________________ 42 6.3.7. Utkrisht Impact Bond _______________ 53 5.4.7. Joint Monitoring Programme 2017 _____ 42 6.3.8. National Rural Drinking Water Programme53 5.5. Government Schemes ______________ 43 6.3.9. Swajal Yojana _____________________ 53 6.3.10. World Inequality Report____________ 54 5.5.1. NHPS ____________________________ 43 5.5.2. Mission Indradhanush ______________ 44 Copyright © by Vision IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission2 of 8468022022Vision IAS. DELHI | JAIPUR | PUNE | HYDERABAD 1. GENDER RELATED ISSUES 1.1. MISUSE OF ANTI-DOWRY 1.2. TRIPLE TALAQ LEGISLATION Why in news? Why in News? The two recent developments related to triple Supreme Court has ordered a number of talaq are: safeguards to prohibit the misuse of the anti- • Recently, constitution Bench set aside the dowry provisions, under section 498a of IPC. practice of instant triple talaq (talaq-e-bid’a) Anti Dowry Act 1961 in Shayara Bano case. • It prohibits the giving and taking of dowry. • Also, Lok Sabha passed ‘The Muslim Women • It had consolidated the anti-dowry laws which (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Bill, 2017’. had been passed in certain states. Background • It defined dowry as any property or valuable • In 2002 case, a two-judge bench of the Apex Court security given or agreed to be given in had delegitimised this instant talaq (Shamim Ara connection with the marriage. case). However, it was invalid only when it was • It does not apply for the presents given at the not properly pronounced and not preceded by time of wedding. attempts at reconciliation. Changes by Supreme Court • This latest ruling completely and unconditionally invalidates talaq-e-bid’a • It called for involvement of civil society and • The Koranic procedure of talaq is the only way by sensitisation of investigation officers. which Muslim husband will be able to divorce his • The court ordered setting up of Family wife from now on. Welfare Committees (to be set up by District The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Legal Services Authorities) in every district to Marriage) Bill, 2017 look into complaints related to Section 498a of IPC. • It makes all declaration of talaq, including in • No arrest should normally be affected until written or electronic form, to be void and the committee submits its report on the illegal. It defines talaq as talaq-e-biddat or matter. any other similar form of talaq pronounced • There must be a designated officer to by a Muslim man resulting in instant and investigate such complaints who should be irrevocable divorce. Talaq-e-biddat refers to cautious in matters of bail. the practice under Muslim personal laws • The court also made it clear that these where pronouncement of the word ‘talaq’ directions will not apply in offenses in which thrice in one sitting by a Muslim man to his there is tangible physical injury or death. wife results in an instant and irrevocable divorce. Related Provisions of IPC • Offence and penalty- It makes declaration of • Section 498A- Whoever, being the husband talaq a cognizable and non-bailable or the relative of the husband of a woman, offence. A husband declaring talaq can be subjects such woman to cruelty shall be pun- imprisoned for up to three years along with a ished with imprisonment for a term which fine. may extend to three years and shall also be • Allowance- A Muslim woman, against whom liable to fine. It is separate from the Anti talaq has been declared, is entitled to seek Dowry Act. subsistence allowance from her husband for • Section 304B relates to Dowry Deaths. herself and for her dependent children. The amount of the allowance will be decided by a First Class Magistrate.