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St. Paul Waterway Area Remedial Action and Habitat Restoration Project

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St. Paul Waterway Area Remedial Action and Habitat Restoration Project ST. PAUL WATERWAY AREA REMEDIAL ACTION AND HABITAT RESTORATION PROJECT FINAL 1998 MONITORING REPORT Prepared for SIMPSON TACOMA KRAFT COMPANY P.O. Box 2133 Tacoma, Washington 98421 and CHAMPION INTERNATIONAL One Champion Plaza Stamford, Connecticut 06921 Prepared by PARAMETRIX, INC. 5808 Lake Washington Blvd. N.E. Kirkland, Washington 98033-7350 February 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. SUMMARY AND OVERVIEW .......................................................................................1-1 1.1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................1-1 1.2 THE PROJECT...................................................................................................1-3 1.3 1998 RESULTS AND FIVE/TEN YEAR REVIEW ........................................1-5 1.3.1 Physical Monitoring ............................................................................1-6 1.3.2 Chemical Monitoring ..........................................................................1-6 1.3.3 Biological Monitoring .........................................................................1-7 1.3.4 Second Five Year Overview and Ten Year Review...........................1-9 1.4 EXPLANATORY NOTES ON THE MONITORING ANALYSIS...............1-16 1.4.1 Monitoring Methods Appendix.........................................................1-16 1.4.2 Apparent Effects Thresholds (AETs)................................................1-16 1.4.3 Performance Standards......................................................................1-17 1.4.4 Biological Performance .....................................................................1-19 2. PHYSICAL MONITORING..............................................................................................2-1 2.1 CAP ELEVATION MONITORING ..................................................................2-1 2.1.1 Methods ...............................................................................................2-1 2.1.2 Results and Discussion........................................................................2-3 2.2 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH AND VISUAL INSPECTION ...............................2-7 2.2.1 Methods ...............................................................................................2-7 2.2.2 Results and Discussion........................................................................2-7 3. CHEMICAL MONITORING ............................................................................................3-1 3.1 METHODS .........................................................................................................3-1 3.1.1 Surface Sediment.................................................................................3-1 3.1.2 Subsurface Sampling...........................................................................3-1 3.2 RESULTS............................................................................................................3-3 3.2.1 Quality Assurance Review ..................................................................3-7 3.2.2 Surface Sediment...............................................................................3-10 3.2.3 Subsurface Sediment .........................................................................3-11 3.3 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................3-12 3.3.1 Project Performance ..........................................................................3-12 3.3.2 The Effect of Quality Assurance on Results.....................................3-13 4. BENTHIC INFAUNA MONITORING.............................................................................4-1 4.1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................4-1 4.2 METHODS .........................................................................................................4-4 4.2.1 General Methods..................................................................................4-4 4.2.2 Field and Data Analysis Methods .......................................................4-4 4.3 RESULTS............................................................................................................4-4 4.3.1 Station Physical Characteristics ..........................................................4-4 4.3.2 General Biological Characteristics....................................................4-14 4.3.3 Statistical Analyses of Benthic Data .................................................4-32 Final i February 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page 4.4 DISCUSSION ...................................................................................................4-48 5. MACROPHYTES ..............................................................................................................5-1 5.1 METHODS .........................................................................................................5-1 5.2 RESULTS............................................................................................................5-1 5.3 DISCUSSION .....................................................................................................5-6 REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................R-1 Final ii February 1999 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1-1 Project Location and Areas .......................................................................................1-4 2-1 Project Site Topography and Location of Benchmark Stations ...............................2-2 2-2 Project Site Elevation Profiles 1998 Monitoring......................................................2-5 3-1 Surface and Subsurface (Coring) Sediment Chemical Sampling Locations............3-2 3-2 Subsurface Coring Profiles with Sampling and Archive Sampling Locations ........3-4 4-1 Benthic Infaunal Sampling Stations..........................................................................4-5 4-2 Example Dendrogram ...............................................................................................4-9 4-3 Similarity Dendrogram for Sediment Grain Size Distribution...............................4-10 4-4 Percent Fines at Surface Sediment Stations 1989 to 1998 .....................................4-12 4-5 Total Volatile Solids as a Percentage of the Total Sediment Dry Weight for Stations Sampled from 1989 through 1998 ............................................................4-13 4-6 Typical Benthic Organisms.....................................................................................4-15 4-7 Proportional Similarity Index for Abundance by Station Replicate.......................4-40 4-8 Proportional Similarity Index for Abundance by Station Replicate (log ­ transformed).............................................................................................................4-41 4-9 Proportional Similarity Index for Mean Abundance by Station.............................4-43 4-10 Proportional Similarity Index for Mean Abundance by Station (log­ transformed).............................................................................................................4-44 5-1 Typical Macrophytes .................................................................................................5-2 5-2 Distribution of Aquatic Macrophytes in 1998 ..........................................................5-4 Final iii February 1999 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1-1 Elevation changes (ft MLLW) monitored on the Project site at five intertidal transects between 1988 and 1998............................................................................1-11 1-2 Summary of chemical detections over early warning levels in 10 years at the Project ......................................................................................................................1-13 1-3 Abundance of benthic infauna and number of taxa (see Appendix Section 4.4) at Project Stations, by year, since 1991 ...........................................................1-14 2-1 Elevation changes (ft MLLW) monitored on the Project site at five intertidal transects between 1988 and 1998..............................................................................2-4 3-1 Chemical results for the Project surface sediment samples, 1998 (on a dry weight basis)..............................................................................................................3-5 3-2 Chemical results for the Project subsurface sediment samples from corings, 1998 (on a dry weight basis) .....................................................................................3-6 4-1 Analyses for the biological indicators. The analyzed data set includes all taxa (identified to the lowest practical taxonic level) except where otherwise defined. For each statistical test, the general criterion is: No significant difference between the samples tested; a = 0.05; b = 0.2, MDD = the lowest Minimum Detectable Difference possible. ...............................................................4-3 4-2 Sampling depths (feet MLLW) of the 1998 benthic sample replicates. The water depth was taken from the field logs and adjusted for tidal height. “B” stations are Project stations and “R” stations are background stations. ...................4-6 4-3 Mean station depths (±1 sample standard deviation) (ft MLLW)............................4-6 4-4 Sediment grain size distribution at 1998 Project and background benthic infauna stations..........................................................................................................4-8
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