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A. National Monuments with Christian Symbols

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A. National Monuments with Christian Symbols THE NATIONAL MONUMENTS AT THE INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP GARDENS IN THUNDER BAY THAT DISPLAY SYMBOLS OF THE CHRISTIAN FAITH Lithuania ........... pg. 1 Poland .......... pg. 4 The Ukraine ....... pg. 2 Hungary .. .... pg. 5 Slovakia .............. pg. 3 Scotland ....... pg. 6 Commentaries by Msgr. Pat Stilla 2021 1 A Brief History LITHUA N IA The Monument Situated in Northeastern Europe, Housed in a niche in the Garden’s monu- Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia, form a ment is a stone sculpture of Christ, goup of nations known as the Baltic scourged before His own crucifixion and States. Of these three, Lithuania, which bearing an expression of exhaustion and has a total population of three million, grief. He is depicted as One Who is con- has the highest density of templating His own unjust Catholics, (about 79%) and treatment and the many in- continues today to be a vi- justices that have been brant Christian nation. waged against other inno- Many Persecutions cent victims in world history. Since the end of the 18th cen- Symbol of the Persecuted tury and until 1991, Lith- As Christianity spread in uanians have suffered much Lithuania in the 16th and 17th injustice at the hands of hos- centuries, so did images of tile neighbouring states. this suffering Christ, as wan- ¨ In 1795 the country was dering woodcarvers of na- taken over by Russia; tive folk culture carved it into ¨ then, in 1915, it was oc- hollowed-out tree trunks. cupied and controlled by Ger- Today it is found through- mans for a short time before out Lithuania (and where it gained independence once Lithuanian immigrants now again after W.W. I in 1918; live) in churches, homes and ¨ in 1940, it was annexed by shrines. It has become the the Soviet Union, resulting in iconic symbol of the inhab- mass executions and deporta- itants of this nation who re- tions of many; late the suffering of Christ to ¨ then again, in June 1941 their own trials as a perse- this small state was captured cuted people. by German Nazis, who practi- The “Lithuanian” Cross cally exterminated the entire An ornate cross, which Jewish population; Lithuanians designed and now identify as ¨ after this, Lithuania was again occu- their own, is at the top of the niche. It is pied by the Soviet Union in July 1944, be- called, the Cross of Divine Redemption, coming a country under Communist rule, surrounded by three symbols of different before gaining independence once again objects found in nature: a radiant sun, a in 1991. crescent moon and tree branches. 2 A Faith History THE UKRAINE The Monument While pockets of Christianity existed in Two dates and three Christian symbols the territory of ‘Kieven Rus’ which we grace this imposing monument, which now know as the Ukraine, the wisespread celebrates the 1, 000 year anniversary of official governmental acceptance of the Christianization of the Ukraine. Christianity did not occur until 988 A.D.. The Cross, A Trident and Icons Olga, regent of ‘Kievan Rus’ ¨ An ornate 3 dimensional iron cross When Igor, the Prince of Kiev was killed is the symbol which dominates the in 945 A.D., the crown passed to his son monument. Its large size and position Sviatoslav who was too young at the time denote how important and how cher- to rule. As a result, his ished Christianity is in mother, Olga, acted as the lives of Ukrainians. regent to her son until ¨ Placed in front of 960. During her regency the cross is a trident, an she travelled to Con- ancient and now readily stantinople, then the recognized Ukrainian centre of the Byzantine symbol that was used Empire. There, she by the original rulers of chose to convert to the ‘Kieven Rus’ nation Christianity and to be and was officially baptized. When she re- adopted as the coat of turned home, she urged arms of the Ukrainian her son, Sviatoslav to be Republic in 1918. This baptized as well, but to medieval symbol not no avail. Despite this only depicts the Trinity setback Olga still sowed the seeds of but it also resembles a descending dove, Christianity by having churches built in which represents the Holy Spirit. many cities in her nation. ¨ Icons of Saints Olga and Vladimir Prince Vladimir the Great Below the 1, 000 year span of Christian- When Sviatoslav died, Olga’s grandson, ity represented by the two dates, are the Vladimir, who succeeded his father, did figures of St. Olga and St. Vladimir. True convert to Christianity and, in 988 A.D. to historical facts, Olga is depicted, pre- officially Christianized his nation. Be- senting the cross to her people (introduc- cause of their efforts, both Olga and ing Christianity) and Vladimir, firmly Vladimir are venerated today, as Saint planting the cross in his land (officially champions of the Faith by Ukrainians. establishing the Faith there). 3 The Monument SLOVAKIA Close to the area adjoining St. Joseph’s of this land. It is used on the crest to rep- Hogarth-Riverview Manor is where we resent Slovakia as an heir and guardian find the large imposing Monument to of Christian Faith! missionaries from the the Slovak Nation. Byzantine Empire who brought the Chris- Mountain Ranges tian Faith to the peoples of this land. It is As we approach, we see three concrete used on the crest to represent Slovakia triangular pyramids, firmly planted close as heir and guardian of Christian Faith! together and reaching up Two Great Saints to the sky. They artisti- In the 9th century, Ratislav, cally depict the majestic the Moravian Prince re- mountain ranges that are quested that the Byzantine found in this part of East- Emperor send missionaries ern Europe. Two of the to Moravia, (which today three represent the Tatra encompasses Slovakia and and Fatra ranges in the other Eastern nations), “to Carpathian Mountains in explain the Christian truths what is present day, to his subjects, in their na- Slovakia. The third tive language”. The broth- monolith represents the ers, Cyril & Methodius “Matra” mountains, now were sent. They translated located in neighbouring Hungary. prayers and rituals in the language The Christian Crest of the people and Christianity be- Engraved on the face of the came well established thoughout middle stone pyramid is a blue the land. rectangle which contains the An Important Castle and Village coat of arms of Slovakia. At its Adjacent to the principle Monu- bolic of the mountain ment is a painstakingly ranges already mentioned fashioned replica of a castle above. Above them is a built in the thirteenth cen- double barred cross of tury on a mountain above Christ, which is often used the Orava river in the north- by Christians of Eastern ern Slovakian village of Europe. This double barred cross was in- Oravský Podzámok. According to the at- troduced to this region by the two mis- tached information plaque, the majority sionaries from the Byzantine Empire who of the original Slovak immigrants to Thun- brought the Christian Faith to the peoples der Bay came from this area. 4 “Polonia Semper Fidelis” POLAND A Memorial Prayer Shrine In 966 A.D., when Poland emerged as an ¨ The Black Madonna of Czestochowa independent state, its ruler at the time This famous icon of Mary, venerated as embraced Christianity with his entire na- the Queen of all Poles, has been inti- tion. Since then and, throughout much mately associated with Poland for the of Polish history, the Catholic Church has past 600 years. It has become a symbol continued to play a major role in Poland’s of protection and of the cultural identity education, culture and morality. Hence, of the entire population of Poland. the Latin phrase, Hence, it is not surpris- “Polonia Semper ing that her image Fidelis” (“Poland is For- would appear at the ever Faithful”) is the top of this second motto on the lips of monument in our lo- proud Poles all over cal Polish memorial! the world. It under- ¨ A Very Popular Pole lines their conviction A bronze plaque below that Poland will con- the Madonna pays tinue to always be a tribute to one of the Christian State! most famous and popular Poles of all The Polish Eagle time, St. John Paul II. Canonized a Saint The principle monu- shortly after his death, John Paul is the ment of Poland which only Pole who was ever elected to the Pa- stands on top of a pacy in the Church’s two thousand year grassy hill in the Park history. Under the Holy Father’s image displays the secular are engraved these lov- side of the Polish Re- ing and memorable public. There, between two stone pillars words: “ In Memory of is depicted a crowned white eagle, the Pope John Paul II, Be- centuries old and universally recognized loved son of the Polish image of the Polish State. The crown, as Nation; dedicated by well as the eagle's beak and talons, are grateful fellow citizens golden, its wings are outstretched and of Thunder Bay”. its head is turned to its right. Of course, Below, two other plaques complete this the Monument’s displayed dates, (1867 shrine. One commemorates Poland’s and 1967), pay tribute to Canada’s cen- millennium as a nation and the other cel- tennial of Confederation. ebrates its 1,050 th year of Christianity. 5 The Monument HUNGARY As we enter the Friendship Gardens from crown which was sent to him by the Pope. its western arched walkway, we encoun- It is still enshrined in their Parliament. ter this curved stone Monument, with its Christian Symbols Christ-centred coat of arms.
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