How to Add Color to Your Ceramic Art
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7 Great Pottery Projects
ceramic artsdaily.org 7 great pottery projects | Second Edition | tips on making complex pottery forms using basic throwing and handbuilding skills This special report is brought to you with the support of Atlantic Pottery Supply Inc. 7 Great Pottery Projects Tips on Making Complex Pottery Forms Using Basic Throwing and Handbuilding Skills There’s nothing more fun than putting your hands in clay, but when you get into the studio do you know what you want to make? With clay, there are so many projects to do, it’s hard to focus on which ones to do first. So, for those who may wany some step-by-step direction, here are 7 great pottery projects you can take on. The projects selected here are easy even though some may look complicated. But with our easy-to-follow format, you’ll be able to duplicate what some of these talented potters have described. These projects can be made with almost any type of ceramic clay and fired at the recommended temperature for that clay. You can also decorate the surfaces of these projects in any style you choose—just be sure to use food-safe glazes for any pots that will be used for food. Need some variation? Just combine different ideas with those of your own and create all- new projects. With the pottery techniques in this book, there are enough possibilities to last a lifetime! The Stilted Bucket Covered Jar Set by Jake Allee by Steve Davis-Rosenbaum As a college ceramics instructor, Jake enjoys a good The next time you make jars, why not make two and time just like anybody else and it shows with this bucket connect them. -
Color in Salt Glaze
Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 8-1-1967 Color in salt glaze Daniel Lee Stevens Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Stevens, Daniel Lee, "Color in salt glaze" (1967). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 561. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.561 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Daniel Lee Stevens for the Master of Science in teaching in Cerami~s 'presented 0:0 August 7, 1967. Title: COLOR IN SALT GLAZE. , Abs tract approved: This thesis endeavors to bring a brief history of salt glaze to the reader, following i~s ge~esisin Germany to England and the American colonies and its continuation to the prese~t day. In order to conduct research on color in salt glaze~ a kiln had to be built for this purpose, meeting all the requirements 'that this tech- nique demands. Studies were ~ade on clay bodies to determine their throwing qualities as well as their ability to take a salt glaze. Finally, research was carried out 'in many serfes of tests studying the reactions of'various engobes and other coloring materials when ,fired in the salt glaze kiln. \ .' COLOR IN SALT GLAZE by Daniel Lee Stevens A THESIS submitted to .Portland State College, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Teaching August 1967 \ I PORTLAND STATE COL~EGE LIBRARY' . -
Clay Minerals Soils to Engineering Technology to Cat Litter
Clay Minerals Soils to Engineering Technology to Cat Litter USC Mineralogy Geol 215a (Anderson) Clay Minerals Clay minerals likely are the most utilized minerals … not just as the soils that grow plants for foods and garment, but a great range of applications, including oil absorbants, iron casting, animal feeds, pottery, china, pharmaceuticals, drilling fluids, waste water treatment, food preparation, paint, and … yes, cat litter! Bentonite workings, WY Clay Minerals There are three main groups of clay minerals: Kaolinite - also includes dickite and nacrite; formed by the decomposition of orthoclase feldspar (e.g. in granite); kaolin is the principal constituent in china clay. Illite - also includes glauconite (a green clay sand) and are the commonest clay minerals; formed by the decomposition of some micas and feldspars; predominant in marine clays and shales. Smectites or montmorillonites - also includes bentonite and vermiculite; formed by the alteration of mafic igneous rocks rich in Ca and Mg; weak linkage by cations (e.g. Na+, Ca++) results in high swelling/shrinking potential Clay Minerals are Phyllosilicates All have layers of Si tetrahedra SEM view of clay and layers of Al, Fe, Mg octahedra, similar to gibbsite or brucite Clay Minerals The kaolinite clays are 1:1 phyllosilicates The montmorillonite and illite clays are 2:1 phyllosilicates 1:1 and 2:1 Clay Minerals Marine Clays Clays mostly form on land but are often transported to the oceans, covering vast regions. Kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)2 Kaolinite clays have long been used in the ceramic industry, especially in fine porcelains, because they can be easily molded, have a fine texture, and are white when fired. -
Ford Ceramic Arts Columbus, Ohio
The Journal of the American Art Pottery Association, v.14, n. 2, p. 12-14, 1998. © American Art Pottery Association. http://www.aapa.info/Home/tabid/120/Default.aspx http://www.aapa.info/Journal/tabid/56/Default.aspx ISSN: 1098-8920 Ford Ceramic Arts Columbus, Ohio By James L. Murphy For about five years during the late 1930s, the combination of inventive and artistic talent pro- vided by Walter D. Ford (1906-1988) and Paul V. Bogatay (1905-1972), gave life to Ford Ceramic Arts, Inc., a small and little-known Columbus, Ohio, firm specializing in ceramic art and design. The venture, at least in the beginning, was intimately associated with Ohio State University (OSU), from which Ford graduated in 1930 with a degree in Ceramic Engineering, and where Bogatay began his tenure as an instructor of design in 1934. In fact, the first plant, begun in 1936, was actually located on the OSU campus, at 319 West Tenth Avenue, now the site of Ohio State University’s School of Nursing. There two periodic kilns produced “decorated pottery and dinnerware, molded porcelain cameos, and advertising specialties.” Ford was president and ceramic engineer; Norman M. Sullivan, secretary, treasurer, and purchasing agent; Bogatay, art director. Subsequently, the company moved to 4591 North High Street, and Ford's brother, Byron E., became vice-president. Walter, or “Flivver” Ford, as he had been known since high school, was interested primarily in the engineering aspects of the venture, and it was several of his processes for producing photographic images in relief or intaglio on ceramics that distinguished the products of the company. -
Industrial Arts Courses. It Was Include a Glossary of Ceramic Terms
DOCUMENT RESUME VT 002 002 ED 021 963 By-Hastings, James R., Ed CERAMICS, PROJECT IDEAS FORINDUSTRIAL ARTS. New York State Education Dept.,Albany. Bureau of SecondaryCurriculum Development. Pub Date 66 Note-185p. EDRS Price MF-$0.75 HC-$7.48 UNITS, Descriptors-*CERAMICS, HIGH SCHOOLS,*INDUSTRIAL ARTS, JUNIOR HIGHSCHOOLS, *RESOURCE *STUDENT PROJECTS This book of ceramic projectideas is for teacher orstudent use insecondary industrial arts courses. It wasdeveloped in a workshopby teachers. The content useful projects and unitsof instruction and togiVe direction objectives are to provide Forty-one to ceramics instructionwhich isin keeping with achanging technology. under these units: (1)Hand Forming, (2) SlabConstructing, project plans are presented Extruding, (8) (3) Free Forming, (4) PressMolding, (5) Solid Casting,(6) Slip Casting, (7) Throwing and Turning, and (9)Jiggering. Each unit givesproject plans,student activities, projectprocedures, related technicalinformation, teacher demonstrations, references. Similarly organized units cover13 tools or related- cultural information, and turning box. pieces of equipment such as...a.jiggerarm, stilts, anextrusion press, and a Information concerning the makingof glazes is also included.Supplementary materials include a glossary of ceramic terms, abibliography of books andperiodicals, and indexes to related technical andcultural topics. (EM) i, , U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. Cetaini,a, wied feaJ FOR INDUSTRIAL ARTS , THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK The State Education Department Bureau of Secondary Curriculum Development Albany, 1966 THE UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK Regents of the University (with years when terms expire) EDGAR W. -
Color Chart Includes Those Colors Made from Inorganic Pigments, That Is, Metal Ores Dug from the Earth
GAMBLIN ARTISTS COLORS GAMBLIN ARTISTS OIL COLORS Artists Oil mineral inorganic colors modern organic colors Colors • All colors made from metals (Cadmium, Cobalt, Iron, etc.) are “inorganic” • Carbon based pigments are “organic” • 19th century colors of the Impressionists and the colors of Classical and Renaissance era painters • 20th century colors • High pigment load, low oil absorption • Most pigments available in a warm and cool version (ex. Phthalo Green, Phthalo Emerald) • Colors easily grey-down in mixtures, excellent for painting natural colors and light • Best choice for high key painting, bright tints • Mostly opaque with a few semi-transparent and transparent colors • Mostly transparent, with some semi-transparent colors Impressionist 20th Century CADMIUM CHARTREUSE CADMIUM LEMON CADMIUM YELLOW LIGHT CADMIUM YELLOW MEDIUM CADMIUM YELLOW DEEP HANSA YELLOW LIGHT HANSA YELLOW MEDIUM HANSA YELLOW DEEP INDIAN YELLOW CADMIUM ORANGE CADMIUM ORANGE DEEP CADMIUM RED LIGHT CADMIUM RED MEDIUM CADMIUM RED DEEP PERMANENT ORANGE TrANSPARENT OrANGE NAPTHOL RED NAPTHOL SCARLET PERYLENE RED white · grey · black ALIZARIN CrIMSON MANGANESE VIOLET COBALT VIOLET ULTRAMARINE VIOLET ALIZARIN PERMANENT QUINACRIDONE RED QUINACRIDONE MAGENTA QUINACRIDONE VIOLET DIOXAZINE PURPLE TITANIUM WHITE RADIANT WHITE TITANIUM ZINC WHITE QUICK DRY WHITE FLAKE WHITE REPLACEMENT ULTRAMARINE BLUE COBALT BLUE PrUSSIAN BLUE CERULEAN BLUE COBALT TEAL INDANTHRONE BLUE PHTHALO BLUE CERULEAN BLUE HUE MANGANESE BLUE HUE PHTHALO TURQUOISE FASTMATTE TITANIUM WHITE ZINC WHITE -
Ball Clay and Bentonite Deposits of the Central and Western Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain, United States
Ball Clay and Bentonite Deposits of the Central and Western Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain, United States GEOLOGICAL S O R ¥ E Y B 0 L L E T I N 1^ Ball Clay and Bentonite Deposits of the Central and Western Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain, United States By JOHN W. HOSTERMAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE GEO'LOGY OF MINERAL DEPOSITS GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1558-C Geology and geologic setting of ball clay and bentonite deposits UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1984 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WILLIAM P. CLARK, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hosterman, John W. (John Wallace), 1923- Ball clay and bentonite deposits of the Cen tral and Western Gulf of Mexico coastal plain, U.S.A. (Contributions to the geology of mineral deposits) (U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1558C) Bibliography: p. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:1558C 1. Ball clay Gulf Coast (U.S.) 2. Bentonite Gulf Coast (U.S.) I. Title. II. Series. III. Series: Geological Survey bulletin; 1558C. QE75.B9 no. 1558C 557.3s [553.6'1'0976] 83-600345 [QE471.3] For sale by the Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey, 604 South Pickett Street, Alexandria, VA 22304 CONTENTS Page Abstract,,__ ,___,_., _ _ , _,_,__ ,__,................................................... Cl Introduction...................................................................................................................... 1 Stratigraphic outline ........................................................................................................ -
C:\A Projects\AAA IBLA Decs\029IBLA\L357-415.Wpd
Editor's note: 84 I.D. 137 UNITED STATES v. THOMAS J. PECK ET AL. IBLA 75-532 Decided March 31, 1977 Appeal from decision of Administrative Law Judge Harvey C. Sweitzer declaring mining claims null and void. Affirmed as modified. 1. Mining Claims: Generally--Mining Claims: Locatability of Mineral: Generally--Mining Claims: Specific Mineral Involved: Clay In determining whether a deposit of clay is locatable as a valuable mineral deposit under the mining laws, there is a distinction between a deposit considered to be a common or ordinary clay, which is not locatable, and a locatable deposit having exceptional qualities useful and marketable for purposes for which common clays cannot be used. 2. Administrative Procedure: Burden of Proof--Mining Claims: Contests--Mining Claims: Hearings--Mining Claims: Specific Mineral Involved: Clay--Rules of Practice: Evidence In a Government contest challenging the validity of mining claims located for a 29 IBLA 357 IBLA 75-532 clay-type material, an adequate prima facie case is established where there are expert witness opinions that the deposit is only a common clay or shale and it cannot meet refractory standards. The contestees then must go forward with evidence to rebut the Government's case with a preponderance of the evidence. 3. Mining Claims: Generally--Mining Claims: Locatability of Mineral: Generally--Mining Claims: Specific Mineral Involved: Clay--Words and Phrases "Common Clay." A "common clay" not locatable under the mining laws does not include clay having exceptional qualities which meets refractory and other quality standards for highgrade ceramic products or other products requiring a high refractoriness, or which is useful for certain industrial uses, such as in the oil and oil well drilling industries, outside the manufacture of general clay products. -
Microbial Interaction with Clay Minerals and Its Environmental and Biotechnological Implications
minerals Review Microbial Interaction with Clay Minerals and Its Environmental and Biotechnological Implications Marina Fomina * and Iryna Skorochod Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Zabolotny str., 154, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 13 August 2020; Accepted: 24 September 2020; Published: 29 September 2020 Abstract: Clay minerals are very common in nature and highly reactive minerals which are typical products of the weathering of the most abundant silicate minerals on the planet. Over recent decades there has been growing appreciation that the prime involvement of clay minerals in the geochemical cycling of elements and pedosphere genesis should take into account the biogeochemical activity of microorganisms. Microbial intimate interaction with clay minerals, that has taken place on Earth’s surface in a geological time-scale, represents a complex co-evolving system which is challenging to comprehend because of fragmented information and requires coordinated efforts from both clay scientists and microbiologists. This review covers some important aspects of the interactions of clay minerals with microorganisms at the different levels of complexity, starting from organic molecules, individual and aggregated microbial cells, fungal and bacterial symbioses with photosynthetic organisms, pedosphere, up to environmental and biotechnological implications. The review attempts to systematize our current general understanding of the processes of biogeochemical transformation of clay minerals by microorganisms. This paper also highlights some microbiological and biotechnological perspectives of the practical application of clay minerals–microbes interactions not only in microbial bioremediation and biodegradation of pollutants but also in areas related to agronomy and human and animal health. -
Salt Glazing Or How to Cope with a Dragon
Salt Glazing or How to Cope With a Dragon Aage Birck describes his process of salt firing Image 1: Sculpture with a Plane BRIEF HISTORY OF SALT GLAZING: Salt glazing dates back to the 15th (surrounded by found objects). century. The technique of salt glazing is a contribution – maybe Slip A. 40 cm high. the only contribution – from Europe to the evolution of glazes, Anot to forget the German, Herman Seeger, who invented the Seeger formula for calculating glaze recipes and their melting points. There are many theories of how it all started, from sabotage of a kiln while firing stoneware by throwing salt into the fireboxes to the observation that the unglazed woodfired stoneware carried shiny flashes possibly coming from the sodium content in the wood. Three factors are necessary in order to produce a salt glaze: – Kilns able to reach temperatures between 1200 and 1300 centigrade. – Clay being high in silica and low in iron oxide contents such as grey burning stoneware clay or porcelain. – Access to inexpensive salt and wood. All of the these factors came together as the river Rhine in Germany passed through areas like Westerwald and cities like Siegburg, Köln and Frechen. Westerwald, as the name indicates, had a richness of wood. It was and still is the major area for excellent clays. The Rhine provided a major trading route in the Middle Ages and inexpensive salt was produced in the Netherlands and Austria (think of Salzburg and Slip A (%): Kaolin 58, ball clay 25, lithium Salzkammergut) at such a low price that it could be used to preserve a carbonate 8,5, titanium oxide large variety of foods in wooden barrels and vessels. -
Pigments Suitable for Ceramics Unless Stated Otherwise, the Following Pigments Are Stable for Temperatures up to 1000 °C
Pigments suitable for Ceramics Unless stated otherwise, the following pigments are stable for temperatures up to 1000 °C. As glazes and enamels can be very different in composition, all colors should be tested for stability before use. We definitely recommend tests prior to the final application. Kremer-made and historic pigments 10000 Smalt, standard grind 10110 Lead Tin Yellow, dark 10010 Smalt, extra fine grind 10120 Lead Tin Yellow II 10060 Egyptian Blue (stable up to 950 °C) 10150 Pinkcolor 10071 – 10072 Han blue 10154 Pinkcolor dark 10100 Lead Tin Yellow, light IWA-ENOGU Colors from Japan - all Glass powders (15221-15311) are suitable - all suitable, Melting point approximately 750 °C, Coloured Glass Powders expansion coefficient: 96+/-2 Earth Colors - all suitable, but may change hue 40010-40090 French Ochres 40490 Rosso Sartorius, natural 40195 Gold Ochre, from Poland 40510 Venetian Red 40200 Ochre AVANA, greenish yellow 40542 English Red Light 40214 Gold Ochre DD 40545 English Red Dark 40220 Italian Gold Ochre Light 40610 Raw Umber, from Cyprus 40231 Brown Ochre light 40611 Raw Umber, light, from Cyprus 40241 Fawn Ochre 40612 Raw Umber, greenish, from Italy 40260 Satin Ochre 40623 Manganese Brown Intense 40280 Amberg Yellow 40630 Raw Umber, greenish dark 40301 Iron Oxide Ochre 40650 Chromite 40310 Dark Ochre German 40660 Raw Umber, dark 40320 Dark Ochre Italian 40700 Burnt Umber reddish 40392 Raw Sienna, French 40710 Burnt Umber, brownish 40400 Raw Sienna, Italian 40720 Burnt Umber, dark brown 40404 Raw Sienna Badia 40723 Burnt -
Fining with Bentonite Clay Is One Way to Remove Proteins That Could Make Wine Hazy
Purdue extension FS-53-W Commercial Winemaking Production Series Fining with Bentonite Clay is one way to remove proteins that could make wine hazy By Christian Butzke The grape berry contains a large variety of nitrogen compounds, Enology Professor mainly amino acids, peptides Department of Food Science (short amino acid chains) and Purdue University proteins (long amino acid chains). They serve various [email protected] biological functions within the grape such as enzymes, cell wall components, etc. The nitrogen content of grapes varies greatly by variety, rootstock, vintage, climate, pruning and crop levels, fertilization practices, etc. Amino acids are soluble, and wine yeast can use them to Winery lab bench tests grow and ferment the grape’s sugars into alcohol. Amino acids, together with The winemaker’s options ammonium ions, are referred to as yeast- to prevent protein available nitrogen (YAN). Peptides and instabilities proteins are not considered YAN because • Bentonite clay in different forms can they cannot be metabolized by yeast. irreversibly adsorb various sizes of Their solubility decreases with the wine’s proteins and has been the protein- alcohol content. This may lead to fining agent of choice. It takes about precipitation of agglomerated proteins in six times the quantity of clay to take the form of a visible amorphous haze. out the relevant amounts of protein. This effect is accelerated or triggered by Since the protein content of wine exposure to elevated temperatures, e.g., ranges from around 10 to 300 mg/L, when a customer buys a bottle of wine bentonite additions range from 60 in the tasting room and leaves it in the to 1,800 mg/L.