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Phylogeny, Morphology and the Role of Hybridization As Driving Force Of
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/707588; this version posted July 18, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Phylogeny, morphology and the role of hybridization as driving force of evolution in 2 grass tribes Aveneae and Poeae (Poaceae) 3 4 Natalia Tkach,1 Julia Schneider,1 Elke Döring,1 Alexandra Wölk,1 Anne Hochbach,1 Jana 5 Nissen,1 Grit Winterfeld,1 Solveig Meyer,1 Jennifer Gabriel,1,2 Matthias H. Hoffmann3 & 6 Martin Röser1 7 8 1 Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical 9 Garden, Dept. of Systematic Botany, Neuwerk 21, 06108 Halle, Germany 10 2 Present address: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher 11 Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany 12 3 Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical 13 Garden, Am Kirchtor 3, 06108 Halle, Germany 14 15 Addresses for correspondence: Martin Röser, [email protected]; Natalia 16 Tkach, [email protected] 17 18 ABSTRACT 19 To investigate the evolutionary diversification and morphological evolution of grass 20 supertribe Poodae (subfam. Pooideae, Poaceae) we conducted a comprehensive molecular 21 phylogenetic analysis including representatives from most of their accepted genera. We 22 focused on generating a DNA sequence dataset of plastid matK gene–3'trnK exon and trnL– 23 trnF regions and nuclear ribosomal ITS1–5.8S gene–ITS2 and ETS that was taxonomically 24 overlapping as completely as possible (altogether 257 species). -
Co-Extinction of Mutualistic Species – an Analysis of Ornithophilous Angiosperms in New Zealand
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES CO-EXTINCTION OF MUTUALISTIC SPECIES An analysis of ornithophilous angiosperms in New Zealand Sandra Palmqvist Degree project for Master of Science (120 hec) with a major in Environmental Science ES2500 Examination Course in Environmental Science, 30 hec Second cycle Semester/year: Spring 2021 Supervisor: Søren Faurby - Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences Examiner: Johan Uddling - Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences “Tui. Adult feeding on flax nectar, showing pollen rubbing onto forehead. Dunedin, December 2008. Image © Craig McKenzie by Craig McKenzie.” http://nzbirdsonline.org.nz/sites/all/files/1200543Tui2.jpg Table of Contents Abstract: Co-extinction of mutualistic species – An analysis of ornithophilous angiosperms in New Zealand ..................................................................................................... 1 Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Samutrotning av mutualistiska arter – En analys av fågelpollinerade angiospermer i New Zealand ................................................................... 3 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5 2. Material and methods ............................................................................................................... 7 2.1 List of plant species, flower colours and conservation status ....................................... 7 2.1.1 Flower Colours ............................................................................................................. -
Download the Gardens Victoria
TRILEPIDEA Newsletter of the New Zealand Plant Conservation Network NO. 152 When labels get mixed – lessons to be learned from a study of the July 2016 Th omas Kirk ‘herbarium’ and historical Simplicia collections Deadline for next issue: Peter J. de Lange Principal Science Advisor, Northern Terrestrial Ecosystems Unit, Monday 15 August 2016 Department of Conservation, ([email protected]) SUBMIT AN ARTICLE Introduction TO THE NEWSLETTER Whilst engaged in the fi nal stages of preparing for scientifi c publication a paper Contributions are welcome describing a new species of Simplicia (Poaceae), an issue arose as to whether S. laxa to the newsletter at any time. The closing date for sens. str. had been collected from the North Island. Currently, there are two Simplicia articles for each issue is species accepted: S. buchananii (a North-West Nelson endemic) and S. laxa (the type approximately the 15th of of the genus and, as currently circumscribed, a species of both the North and South each month. Islands) (Edgar & Connor 2010). Articles may be edited and used in the newsletter and/ However, Smissen et al. (2008) suggested that or on the website news page. there might be a third species. Th eir DNA-based The Network will publish investigation revealed that the majority of North almost any article about plants and plant conservation Island specimens (and one South Island specimen with a particular focus on the from northern Otago) were genetically and (for the plant life of New Zealand and most part) morphologically distinct from both S. Oceania. buchananii and S. laxa. However, historical Simplicia Please send news items 1 or event information to specimens lodged in WELT , collected by Th omas [email protected] Kirk (Fig. -
Systematics and Phylogeny of Cordyceps and the Clavicipitaceae with Emphasis on the Evolution of Host Affiliation
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Gi-Ho Sung for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Botany and Plant Pathology presented on December 1. 2005. Title: Systematics and Phylogeny of Cordyceps and the Clavicipitaceae with Emphasis on the Evolution of Host Affiliation Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy Cordyceps is a genus of perithecial ascomycetes. It includes over 400 species that are pathogens of arthropods and parasites of the truffle genus Elaphomyces. Based on the morphology of cylindrical asci, thickened ascusapices and fihiform ascospores, it is classified in the Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales), which also includes endophytes and epiphytes of the grass family (e.g., Claviceps and Epichloe). Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses rejected the monophyly of the Clavicipitaceae. Clavicipitaceous fungi formed three strongly supported clades of which one was monophyletic with the Hypocreaceae. Furthermore, the monophyly of Cordyceps was also rejected as all three clades of Clavicipitaceae included species of the genus. These results did not support the utility of most of the characters (e.g., ascospore morphology and host affiliation) used in current classifications and warranted significant taxonomic revisions of both Cordyceps and the Clavicipitaceae. Therefore, taxonomic revisions were made to more accurately reflect phylogenetic relationships. One new family Ophiocordycipitaceae was proposed and two families (Clavicipitaceae and Cordycipitaceae) were emended for the three clavicipitaceous clades. Species of Cordyceps were reclassified into Cordyceps sensu stricto, Elaphocordyceps gen. nov., Metacordyceps gen. nov., and Ophiocordyceps and a total of 147 new combinations were proposed. In teleomorph-anamorph connection, the phylogeny of the Clavicipitaceae s. 1. was also useful in characterizing the polyphyly of Verticillium sect. -
Rare Plant Propagation and Reintroduction
Rare Plant Propagation and Reintroduction Questions and Considerations for Natural and Historic Resources Lands in New Jersey New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Parks and Forestry Office of Natural Lands Management [Type here] May 2021 Rare Plant Propagation and Reintroduction: Questions and Considerations for Natural and Historic Resources Lands in New Jersey By Elizabeth K. Olson New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection New Jersey Forest Service Office of Natural Lands Management The author wishes to acknowledge the following persons who contributed to this manuscript: Elena Williams, Robert J. Cartica, Dr. Jay F. Kelly, Jason Hafstad, Roman Senyk, Lee Minicuci. This report should be cited as follows: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. 2021. Rare Plant Propagation and Reintroduction: Questions and Considerations for Natural and Historic Resources Lands in New Jersey. New Jersey Forest Service, Office of Natural Lands Management. 77 p. Cover Landscape Photo: Webbs Mill Bog by Kathleen Walz Cover Inset Photo: Bog Asphodel (Narthecium americanum) by Jason Hafstad Contents 1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................... 2 2. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1. Purpose of this Document ........................................................................................................... -
Molekulare Phylogenie Der Hafer-Gräser (Poaceae: Pooideae: Aveneae)
Molekulare Phylogenie der Hafer-Gräser (Poaceae: Pooideae: Aveneae) Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Biowissenschaften Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg von Frau Elke Döring Gutachter/in: 1. Prof. Dr. M. Röser, MLU Halle, Inst. f. Biologie 2. Prof. Dr. F. Albers, Uni Münster, Inst. f. Botanik und Bot. Garten 3. Dr. F. Blattner, IPK Gatersleben, Exp. Taxonomie Halle (Saale), 21.4.2009 Elke Döring: Molekulare Phylogenie der Hafer-Gräser 2 Inhaltsverzeichnis Danksagung .................................................................................. 3 1 Einleitung................................................................................ 4 2 Material und Methoden .......................................................... 8 2.1 Molekularbiologische Arbeiten...........................................................8 2.1.1 Herkunft und Aufbewahrung des Pflanzenmaterials ..........................8 2.1.2 Gewinnung und Aufbereitung der Daten............................................8 2.2 Phylogenetische Auswertung...........................................................10 2.2.1 Analyse der Sequenzdaten..............................................................10 3 Analyse I - Ergebnisse und Diskussion ............................. 12 3.1 Berechnungen, Indizes und Unterstützungswerte..........................12 3.2 PACCAD- und BEP-Clade .................................................................14 3.3 Ehrhartoideae -
New Zealand Indigenous Vascular Plant Checklist 2010
NEW ZEALAND INDIGENOUS VASCULAR PLANT CHECKLIST 2010 Peter J. de Lange Jeremy R. Rolfe New Zealand Plant Conservation Network New Zealand indigenous vascular plant checklist 2010 Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe New Zealand Plant Conservation Network P.O. Box 16102 Wellington 6242 New Zealand E-mail: [email protected] www.nzpcn.org.nz Dedicated to Tony Druce (1920–1999) and Helen Druce (1921–2010) Cover photos (clockwise from bottom left): Ptisana salicina, Gratiola concinna, Senecio glomeratus subsp. glomeratus, Hibiscus diversifolius subsp. diversifolius, Hypericum minutiflorum, Hymenophyllum frankliniae, Pimelea sporadica, Cyrtostylis rotundifolia, Lobelia carens. Main photo: Parahebe jovellanoides. Photos: Jeremy Rolfe. © Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe 2010 ISBN 978-0-473-17544-3 Published by: New Zealand Plant Conservation Network P.O. Box 16-102 Wellington New Zealand E-mail: [email protected] www.nzpcn.org.nz CONTENTS Symbols and abbreviations iv Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 New Zealand vascular flora—Summary statistics 7 New Zealand indigenous vascular plant checklist—alphabetical (List includes page references to phylogenetic checklist and concordance) 9 New Zealand indigenous vascular plant checklist—by phylogenetic group (Name, family, chromosome count, endemic status, conservation status) (Genera of fewer than 20 taxa are not listed in the table of contents) 32 LYCOPHYTES (13) 32 FERNS (192) 32 Asplenium 32 Hymenophyllum 35 GYMNOSPERMS (21) 38 NYMPHAEALES (1) 38 MAGNOLIIDS (19) 38 CHLORANTHALES (2) 39 MONOCOTS I (177) 39 Pterostylis 42 MONOCOTS II—COMMELINIDS (444) 44 Carex 44 Chionochloa 51 Luzula 49 Poa 54 Uncinia 48 EUDICOTS (66) 57 Ranunculus 57 CORE EUDICOTS (1480) 58 Acaena 95 Aciphylla 59 Brachyglottis 64 Carmichaelia 80 Celmisia 65 Coprosma 96 Dracophyllum 78 Epilobium 86 Gentianella 81 Hebe 89 Leptinella 69 Myosotis 73 Olearia 70 Pimelea 99 Pittosporum 88 Raoulia 71 Senecio 72 Concordance 101 Other taxonomic notes 122 Taxa no longer considered valid 123 References 125 iii SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS ◆ Changed since 2006 checklist. -
A Phylogenetic Analysis of Poaceae Tribe Poeae Sensu Lato Based On
KEW BULLETIN 62: 425-454 (2007) 425 A phylogenetic analysis of Poaceae tribe Poeae sensu lato based on morphological characters and sequence data from three plastid-encoded genes: evidence for reticulation, and a new classification for the tribe Robert J. Soreng1, Jerrold I. Davis2 & Monica A. Voionmaa2 Summary. Phylogenetic analysis of variation in 18 morphological characters and structural and nucleotide sequence variation in three plastid-encoded genes provides a well-supported hypothesis of relationships within Poaceae supertribe Poodae. This supertribe includes tribes Poeae, Aveneae and Hainardieae, and other small tribes. Of the circa 135 genera that are assigned to this group, 57 were sampled, representing all major groups and most of the minor groups that have been recognised as tribes or subtribes. Historical and modern classifications of Poodae are reviewed and examined with respect to relationships detected by the phylogenetic analyses. Two major plastid DNA lineages are detected, corresponding in general to groups traditionally recognised as Aveneae and Poeae, but about one fifth of the genera are placed in positions that conflict with traditional classifications. When comparing trees obtained from the morphological character set with those obtained from simultaneous analysis of the morphological and molecular character sets, the character distributions on the trees reveal substantial differences between homoplasy levels for several morphological characters. These results suggest the possibility of wide hybrid origins for some groups, especially the subtribe Airinae. A revised classification is provided for Poodae, with all previously recognised tribes subsumed within a broadly circumscribed Poeae sensu lato, in which accepted genera are accommodated in 21 subtribes. Aveneae and smaller groups that have been recognised previously as tribes, including Hainardieae, Phalarideae, Phleeae and Seslerieae, are reduced to subtribes. -
NZ Indigenous Vascular Plant Checklist
NEW ZEALAND INDIGENOUS VASCULAR PLANT CHECKLIST Peter J. de Lange; John W.D. Sawyer; Jeremy R. Rolfe New Zealand Plant Conservation Network July 2006 New Zealand indigenous vascular plant checklist July 2006 Peter J. de Lange, John W.D. Sawyer, Jeremy R. Rolfe New Zealand Plant Conservation Network P.O. Box 16-102 Wellington New Zealand E-mail: [email protected] www.nzpcn.org.nz Cover photos (by Jeremy Rolfe except where otherwise stated; clockwise from bottom left): Arthropodium cirratum (Monocot. herbs other than orchids etc.), Dactylanthus taylorii (Dicot. herbs other than composites; photo by Des Williams), Apodasmia similis (Monocot. herbs: rushes etc.), Ripogonum scandens (Monocot. lianes), Anarthropteris lanceolata (Ferns etc.), Pseudowintera axillaris (Dicot. trees & shrubs), Halocarpus bidwillii (Gymnosperm trees & shrubs; photo by John Smith- Dodsworth), Metrosideros diffusa (Dicot. lianes), Zotovia colensoi (Grasses; photo by John Smith- Dodsworth), Huperzia varia (Clubmosses etc.), Desmoschoenus spiralis (Monocot. herbs: sedges), Leucogenes leontopodium (Dicot. herbs: composites). Main photo: Winika cunninghamii (Monocot herbs: orchids). Title page: Cordyline banksii (Monocot. trees & shrubs). © Peter J. de Lange, John W.D. Sawyer, Jeremy R. Rolfe 2006 ISBN 0-473-11306-6 Published by: New Zealand Plant Conservation Network P.O. Box 16-102 Wellington New Zealand E-mail: [email protected] www.nzpcn.org.nz CONTENTS Introduction 1 New Zealand vascular flora – Summary statistics 2 New Zealand indigenous vascular plant checklist -
Conservation Status of New Zealand Indigenous Vascular Plants, 2017
NEW ZEALAND THREAT CLASSIFICATION SERIES 22 Conservation status of New Zealand indigenous vascular plants, 2017 Peter J. de Lange, Jeremy R. Rolfe, John W. Barkla, Shannel P. Courtney, Paul D. Champion, Leon R. Perrie, Sarah M. Beadel, Kerry A. Ford, Ilse Breitwieser, Ines Schönberger, Rowan Hindmarsh-Walls, Peter B. Heenan and Kate Ladley Cover: Ramarama (Lophomyrtus bullata, Myrtaceae) is expected to be severely affected by myrtle rust Austropuccinia( psidii) over the coming years. Because of this, it and all other indigenous myrtle species have been designated as Threatened in this assessment. Some of them, including ramarama, have been placed in the worst Threatened category of Nationally Critical. Photo: Jeremy Rolfe. New Zealand Threat Classification Series is a scientific monograph series presenting publications related to the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). Most will be lists providing NZTCS status of members of a plant or animal group (e.g. algae, birds, spiders), each assessed once every 5 years. After each five-year cycle there will be a report analysing and summarising trends across all groups for that listing cycle. From time to time the manual that defines the categories, criteria and process for the NZTCS will be reviewed. Publications in this series are considered part of the formal international scientific literature. This report is available from the departmental website in pdf form. Titles are listed in our catalogue on the website, refer www.doc.govt.nz under Publications, then Series. © Copyright May 2018, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISSN 2324–1713 (web PDF) ISBN 978–1–98–85146147–1 (web PDF) This report was prepared for publication by the Publishing Team; editing and layout by Lynette Clelland. -
Regional Endemism in New Zealand Grasses
New Zealand Journal of Botany ISSN: 0028-825X (Print) 1175-8643 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnzb20 Regional endemism in New Zealand grasses H. E. Connor To cite this article: H. E. Connor (2002) Regional endemism in New Zealand grasses, New Zealand Journal of Botany, 40:2, 189-200, DOI: 10.1080/0028825X.2002.9512782 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.2002.9512782 Published online: 17 Mar 2010. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 78 View related articles Citing articles: 10 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tnzb20 Download by: [Dept of Conservation] Date: 29 March 2017, At: 14:55 New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2002, Vol. 40: 189-200 189 0028-825X/02/4002-0189 $7.00 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2002 Regional endemism in New Zealand grasses H. E. CONNOR than in tribes Poeae and Danthonieae, primarily Department of Geography because of the lack of coherent morphological-geo- University of Canterbury graphic patterns in species of wide amplitude. Private Bag 4800 Christchurch, New Zealand Keywords regional endemics; disjunct dist- ribution; grasses; phytogeography; biogeography; New Zealand Abstract Regional endemism is evident in 60 grass taxa among the 182 species and infraspecific taxa that comprise the New Zealand endemic grass INTRODUCTION flora. The pattern of regional endemism matches that described earlier for dicotyledons with high frequen- Biogeographic analyses of the native New Zealand cies in Nelson-Marlborough of northern South Is- flora have revealed patterns of regional endemism land, and in southern South Island in Otago, attributed variously to the effects of glaciation, Southland, and Fiordland. -
Journal of Systematics and Evolution
Journal of Systematics and Evolution wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jse J S E J S E Journal of Systematics and Evolution Journal of Systematics and Evolution Volume 53 Number 2 March 2015 N D I N O I D E A E A R U I C R A I R O I M D E A E D A N T H O N I O I E D Andropogoninae Arundineae E Mi r A i a ieae E Molinieae INVITED REVIEW craire C Anthistiriinae c H h L Saccharinae n O 117 Robert J. Soreng, Paul M. Peterson, Konstantin Romaschenko, Gerrit Davidse, Fernando O. Zuloaga, Emmet J. Judziewicz, Germainiinae S R Rottboell org e I a a D Tarciso S. Filgueiras, Jerrold I. Davis, and Osvaldo Morrone A worldwide phylogenetic classifi cation of the Poaceae (Gramineae) e Ischaeminae hinae e O Isachneae tteinae Hubbard Danthonieae nae I Centropodieae Triraphideae D Dimeriinae Co E ii Uniolinae Chio nae Volume 53 Volume Number 2 March 2015 Pages 117–202 Eragrostidinae robolinae A RESEARCH ARTICLE ae Coicina e Eragr Zoysiinae E a E na e Spo 138 Robert J. Soreng, Lynn J. Gillespie, Hidehisa Koba, Ekaterina Boudko, and Roger D. Bull Molecular and morphological A Tripsacinaec n Zoy Aeluropodi ininae Arthraxoninaehnin o riodiin E Arundinelleae g T iinae evidence for a new grass genus, Dupontiopsis (Poaceae tribe Poeae subtribe Poinae s.l.), endemic to alpine Japan, and implications for e o ae D a p Eleus n I Arthropogoninae e o Orcutt ae the reticulate origin of Dupontia and Arctophila within Poinae s.l.