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Brick Masonry Brick
Brick Masonry Brick • Brick is a basic building unit which is in the form of rectangular block in which length to breadth ratio is 2 but height can be different. • Normal size (nominal size) • 9''×4½" ×3" • Architectural size (Working size) • 81⅟16" x 4⁵⁄₁₆" x 21⅟16" • Brick Masonary The art of laying bricks in mortor in a proper systematic manner gives homogeneous mass which can withstand forces without disintigration, called brick masonary. Terminology: The surfaces of a brick have names: Top and bottom surfaces are beds. Ends are headers and header faces. Sides are stretchers or stretcher faces. Bricks are the subject of British Standard BS 3921. Brick Sizes A standard metric brick has coordinating dimensions of 225 x 112.5 x 75 mm (9''×4½" ×3“) called nominal size and working dimensions (actual dimensions) of 215 x 102.5 x 65 mm (8.5“ * 4 *2.5) called architectural size Brick Sizes Brick Sizes The coordinating dimensions are a measure of the physical space taken up by a brick together with the mortar required on one bed , one header face and one stretcher face. The working dimensions are the sizes to which manufacturers will try to make the bricks. Methods of manufacture for many units and components are such that the final piece is not quite the size expected but it can fall within the defined limits. This can be due to the things like shrinkage, distortion when drying out, firing etc. The difference between the working and coordinating dimensions of a brick is 10mm (0.5“)and this difference is taken up with the layer of mortar into which the bricks are pressed when laying. -
American Title a Sociation ~ ~
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION AMERICAN TITLE A SOCIATION ~ ~ VOUJME XXXVI JUNE, 1957 NUMBER 6 TITLE NEWS Official Publication of THE AMERICAN TITLE ASSOCIATION 3608 Guardian Building-Detroit 26, Michigan Volume XXXVI June, 1957 Number 6 Table of Contents Introduction-The Federal Highway Program ......... ... ................ .. .................... 2 J. E. Sheridan Highway Laws Relating to Controlled Access Roads ..... .. ....... ........... 6 Norman A. Erbe Title Companies and the Expanded Right of Way Problems ...... ............. .. 39 , Daniel W. Rosencrans Arthur A. Anderson Samuel J. Some William A . Thuma INTRODUCTION The Federal Highway Program J. E. SHERIDAN We are extremely grateful to Nor veloped its planning sufficiently to man A. Erbe, Attorney General of the show to the satisfaction of the dis State of Iowa, for permission to re trict engineer the effect of the pro print his splendid brief embracing posed construction upon adjace.nt the highway laws of various states property, the treatment of access con relating to the control in access roads. trol in the area of Federal acquisi Mr. Erbe originally presented this m tion, and that appropriate arrange narrative form before the convention ments have been made for mainte of the Iowa Title Association in May nance and supervision over the land of this year. As is readily ascertain to be acquired and held in the name able, this is the result of a compre of the United States pending transfer hensive study of various laws touch· of title and jurisdiction to the State ing on the incidents of highway regu or the proper subdivision thereof." lations. Additionally, we are privi It is suggested that our members leged to carry the panel discussion bring this quoted portion to the at of the American Right of Way Asso tention of officers of the Highway ciation Convention held in Chicago, Department and the office of its legal May 16 and 17, dealing with "Title division, plus the Office of the Attor Companies and the Expanded Right ney General within the members' ju of Way Problems". -
Wall Tiling Installation Guide
Wall Tiling Installation Guide February 2017 1 Important Notes 3 Internal Wall Substrates 4-5 Planning 6 General Information 7-8 Installing: Glass tiles. 9-11 Glass tiles with Painted backs & Protective Layers. Installing: Installing Glass Mosaics. 12-15 Installing Glass & Slate Mosaics. Installing Crackle Glaze tiles. 16-17 Installing Glazed Ceramic & Porcelain tiles. 18-19 Installing Mother of Pearl. 20-21 Installing Floor tiles on a wall. 21 Product Notes. 22 Glossary. 22 Substrate Preparation Guide. 23 Tile Essentials Product Selector – Glazed Wall Tiles. 24-26 Tile Essentials Product Selector – Stone / Slate / Mother of Pearl. 27-28 Tile Essential Product Selector – Glass Wall Tiles. 29-30 Tile Essential Product Selector – Floor Tiles. 30 Sealants and Finishes. 31 2 Important Notes The purpose of this booklet is to outline the basic principles of installing Fired Earth wall tiles. This is intended as a guide, we would always recommend you refer to British Standard BS 5385 Wall and Floor Tiling for more detailed technical information. Prior to installation please ensure the tiles purchased are suitable for the application and thoroughly inspected. Ensure your tiler is aware of the expected finish of the tiles and there are sufficient tiles for the area. The tiles must be well shuffled by drawing tiles from all the boxes. Dry lay an area in suitable light as a final check before installation. For further information or if any doubt exists, please telephone our Technical Department for advice prior to commencing any tiling. Fired Earth have tested our range of adhesives, grout and sealants to ensure compatibility with all of our tiles (see our Product Selector on pages 25 to 31). -
Freeway Management and Operations Handbook September 2003 (See Revision History Page for Chapter Updates) 6
FREEWAY MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS HANDBOOK FINAL REPORT September 2003 (Updated June 2006) Notice This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade and manufacturers’ names appear in this report only because they are considered essential to the object of the document. 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. FHWA-OP-04-003 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Freeway Management and Operations Handbook September 2003 (see Revision History page for chapter updates) 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Louis G. Neudorff, P.E, Jeffrey E. Randall, P.E., Robert Reiss, P..E, Robert Report Gordon, P.E. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Siemens ITS Suite 1900 11. Contract or Grant No. 2 Penn Plaza New York, NY 10121 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Office of Transportation Management Research Federal Highway Administration Room 3404 HOTM 400 Seventh Street, S.W. 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Washington D.C., 20590 15. Supplementary Notes Jon Obenberger, FHWA Office of Transportation Management, Contracting Officers Technical Representative (COTR) 16. Abstract This document is the third such handbook for freeway management and operations. It is intended to be an introductory manual – a resource document that provides an overview of the various institutional and technical issues associated with the planning, design, implementation, operation, and management of a freeway network. -
Using Pricing to Reduce Traffic Congestion © Jupiterimages Corp
CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE A CBO STUDY MARCH 2009 Using Pricing to Reduce Traffic Congestion © JupiterImages Corp. Pub. No. 3133 A CBO STUDY Using Pricing to Reduce Traffic Congestion March 2009 The Congress of the United States O Congressional Budget Office Preface Congestion costs highway users billions of dollars every year. Although policymakers have adopted a variety of strategies for reducing or mitigating congestion, relatively little attention has been paid to policies to promote more efficient use of the highway system. One such pol- icy is congestion pricing, under which drivers are charged a higher price for use of a highway at times or places with heavy traffic and a lower price in the opposite circumstances. This study—prepared at the request of the Chairman of the House Committee on the Bud- get—explains how congestion pricing works, reviews the best available evidence on projects that make use of such pricing in order to assess the benefits and challenges of the approach, and discusses federal policy options for encouraging congestion pricing. In keeping with the Congressional Budget Office’s (CBO’s) mandate to provide objective, impartial analysis, this study makes no recommendations. Scott Dennis of CBO’s Microeconomic Studies Division wrote the study, with research assistance from Jacob Kuipers and under the supervision of Joseph Kile and David Moore. Kenneth Buckeye of the Minnesota Department of Transportation; Ross Crichton of the Department of Transportation’s Federal Highway Administration; -
SP 20 (1991): Handbook on Masonry Design and Construction [CED 13: Building Construction Practices Including Painting, Varnishing and Allied Finishing]
इंटरनेट मानक Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public. “जान का अधकार, जी का अधकार” “परा को छोड न 5 तरफ” Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru “The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New” SP 20 (1991): Handbook on Masonry Design and Construction [CED 13: Building Construction Practices including Painting, Varnishing and Allied Finishing] “ान $ एक न भारत का नमण” Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda “Invent a New India Using Knowledge” “ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी चराया नह जा सकताह ै”ै Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam “Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen” HANDBOOK ON MASONRY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (First Revision) BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 SP 20(S&T) : 1991 FIRST PUBLISHED NOVEMBER 1981 FIRST REVISION MARCH 1991 0 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS 1991 UDC 693 ISBN 81-7061-029-X PRICE Rs 200.00 PRINTED IN INDlA AT KAPOOR ART PRESS, A3813 MAYAPURI, NEW DELHI AND PUBLISHED BY BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS, NEW DELHI 110002 . -
Design Policy Manual
Design Policy Manual 10/4/2021 Revision 6.5 Atlanta, GA 30308 This document was developed as part of the continuing effort to provide guidance within the Georgia Department of Transportation in fulfilling its mission to provide a safe, efficient, and sustainable transportation system through dedicated teamwork and responsible leadership supporting economic development, environmental sensitivity and improved quality of life. This document is not intended to establish policy within the Department, but to provide guidance in adhering to the policies of the Department. Your comments, suggestions, and ideas for improvements are welcomed. Please send comments to: State Design Policy Engineer Georgia Department of Transportation One Georgia Center 600 W. Peachtree Street, 26th Floor Atlanta, Georgia 30308 DISCLAIMER The Georgia Department of Transportation maintains this printable document and is solely responsible for ensuring that it is equivalent to the approved Department guidelines. Design Policy Manual Revision History Revision Number Revision Date Revision Summary 1.0 5/12/06 Original Manual 2.0 5/21/07 General reformatting to provide a user-friendly online version 3.0 6/11/10 Editorial and formatting changes to Chapter 1-7 and the addition of Chapter 8, Roundabouts. 4.0 8/11/14 Reformatted manual to new standard template 4.1 8/25/14 Removed list paragraphs throughout manual Chapter 3 - Added “Easement for Temporary Bridge Construction Access” to Section 3.8.3 Special Types of Right-of-Way Chapter 9 - Removed "FHWA Requirements for Curb Ramps" from Section 9.4.1; Added reference to Section 11.1 (ADA Requirement to Provide Curb Ramps) under "Curb Ramps" in Section 9.5.1; Added "Mid-Block Crossing" to Section 9.5.1 Chapter 11 - Added “ADA Requirements to Provide Curb Ramps” to Section 11.1 Chapter 14 - Updated Section 14.3.3 to include the 80' criteria from RP-22-11 4.2 9/23/14 This edit updated the language in Section 9.5.1 that references Section 11.1. -
Brickwork and Modern Methods of Construction
January 2020 BRICKWORK AND MODERN METHODS OF CONSTRUCTION Brick Development Association www.brick.org.uk BRICKWORK & MMC 2 Contents Page INTRODUCTION 03 MMC DEFINITIONS 04 HISTORY OF BRICKWORK MMC 05 SLIP PANEL SYSTEMS - INDIVIDUAL SLIPS 06 - PANEL SYSTEMS 07 - RAIL AND TILE 08 PRECAST CONCRETE 09 PRE FABRICATED COMPONENTS 10 ROBOTICS 11 DESIGN & SPECIFICATION 12 REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING 15 SEVERELYBRICKWORK EXPOSED & MMC BRICKWORK 3 INTRODUCTION In construction there is a continuous desire to build projects to a higher quality, on a shorter timescale and at a reduced cost. The government's Construction Sector Deal challenges the industry to reduce construction cost by 1/3 and construction time by 1/2, whilst improving quality. One of the key drivers identified to achieve these targets is the development and expansion of Modern Methods of Construction. Brick manufacturers have been at the forefront of developing MMC systems for several years. Clay brick has undergone a dramatic transformation during the 20th century. From solid wall construction to the modern cavity wall, with improved levels of insulation and reduced water penetration. CAUTION REQUIRED The sector needs to be mindful that during the push for quicker and cheaper we don't compromise the quality of what is built, as has happened with previous attempts to develop MMC. One of the principal benefits of hand laid clay brick is that it has a very long history of quality performance with a large and proven supply chain. Assessing when it is appropriate to use a MMC system, to gain maximum Traditional solid wall construction benefits, has historically been a complex issue. -
Rowan County Department of Planning & Development
Rowan County Department of Planning & Development 402 North Main Street – Suite 204 – Salisbury, NC 28144 Phone: (704) 216-8588 – Fax: (704) 216-7986 www.rowancountync.gov/planning MEMORANDUM TO: Rowan County Planning Board FROM: Shane Stewart, Assistant Planning Director DATE: October 17, 2019 RE: STA 02-19 SUGGESTED PLANNING BOARD ACTION Receive staff report Conduct public hearing Close hearing & discuss Motion to Approve / Deny / Table STA 02-19 At the June 3, 2019 Board of Commissioners meeting, the BACKGROUND Rowan County Fire Marshal requested the board consider adopting Appendix D of the North Carolina Fire Code into the Subdivision Ordinance (enclosed). After hearing concerns regarding pavement width and turnaround standards from the Fire Marshal, the Commission directed planning staff to prepare an ordinance amendment for consideration by the Planning Board. Section 7-60 (1) of the Rowan County Code of Ordinances references county adoption of the North Carolina State Building Code: Fire Code including appendix chapters B – H. However, the section further states that “if appendices conflict with local established ordinances, the local ordinances shall prevail as permitted by law”, which mirrors a similar statement at the top of Appendix D. With few exceptions, the Subdivision Ordinance CURRENT SUBDIVISION specifies new streets are required to meet NCDOT STREET STANDARDS right of way, pavement width, and applicable design standards to ensure the streets are eligible for future inclusion into the NCDOT secondary road maintenance system (see enclosed excerpt from 2010 NCDOT Subdivision Manual). NCDOT officials are not in favor of wider streets and cul-de-sacs as they are of the opinion current standards are sufficient and maintaining excess pavement will divert resources from the maintenance of other public roads. -
Street Design Standards
Design and Procedures Manual Section 15 - Street Design Standards July 2009 Table of Contents 15.1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................. 4 15.2 RESIDENTIAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ............................................................... 4 15.2.1 PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY STREETS....................................................................... 4 15.2.2 DESIGN APPLICATIONS ......................................................................................... 4 15.2.3 TRAFFIC CALMING DEVICES................................................................................. 5 15.2.4 IMPLEMENTATION OBJECTIVES.......................................................................... 6 15.3 MODIFICATIONS TO STREET STANDARDS ........................................................ 6 15.4 PRE-DESIGN CONFERENCES............................................................................... 6 15.5 TYPICAL STREET DESIGNATIONS AND DESIGN CRITERIA .............................. 7 15.6 STREET DESIGN...................................................................................................... 7 15.6.1 TRAFFIC INDEX (TI) DETERMINATION.................................................................. 7 TABLE 15-6.1A MINIMUM TRUCK PERCENTAGE ........................................................8 TABLE 15-6.1B TRUCK SIZE DISTRIBUTION..................................................................8 TABLE 15-6.1C TRAFFIC INDEX FOR RESIDENTIAL STREETS ..................................9 -
Superfixall My
SUPERFIXALL MY HIGH STRENGTH CEMENT-BASED ADHESIVE KEY Features Performance Properties Typical properties conducted at 22oC and 50% RH – High bond strength Cementitious grey or white Appearance – No odour powder – Economical Wet Density approx. 1.55 g/cm3 – Easy to clean Mixing Ratio 6.5 to 7 litres of water – Non-toxic 25 kg powder – Easy to spread Pot Life 2 hours – Thick and thin bed applications Open Time 30 minutes Tensile Strength ≥ 0.5 MPa DESCRIPTION After Immersion ≥ 0.5 MPa Superfixall MY is normal cementitious adhesive with Heat Ageing ≥ 0.5 MPa extended open time. It is an exceptionally high strength Open time at 30 cement based adhesive developed to bond all types of ≥ 0.5 MPa minutes ceramic tiles. Ideal for bonding monocottura and fully vitrified tiles, as well as natural stone, marble, granite and mosaic tiles onto brickwork, cement render and MIXING concrete walls and floors. 25 kg of Superfixall MY powder requires approximately 6.5 to 7.0 litres of clean water. CLASSIFICATION / STANDARDS BS EN12004 CLASSIFICATION Add the measured amount of clean water into a clean C1 Normal Cementitious Adhesive container and gradually pour Superfixall MY into the E Adhesive with extended open time water while continuously mix using electric paddle mixer. Eliminate lumps. Mixed thoroughly until homogeneous, SUITABLE SUBSTRATES thick tooth paste consistency is obtained. Let it stand • Concrete for 2 minutes and mix again. The adhesive is now ready • Cement render to use. • Brickwork • Blockwork Superfixall MY can be used as two (2) part system especially for installation of difficult bonding tiles such as SUBstrate preparation mosaic, porcelain and vitrified tiles. -
ROAD NAME APPLICATION Town of Apex, North Carolina Last Updated February 2014
ROAD NAME APPLICATION Town of Apex, North Carolina Last updated February 2014 Submittal Date: Permit Number: Final Wake Co Approval Date: Project Information Project Name: Description of Location: Nearest Intersecting roads: Property PIN: Jurisdiction: ☐ Inside corporate limits ☐ In ETJ ☐ Outside corporate limits and ETJ Applicant Information Owner or Developer: Address: City: State: ZIP: Phone: Email: Contact: Address: City: State: ZIP: Phone: Email: Road Naming Guidelines No names duplicating or sounding similar to existing road names No individuals’ names No directions or numbers, e.g. West Road or Two Guys Drive No punctuation marks, e.g. periods, hyphens, apostrophes, etc. Limit names to 14 characters in length Avoid difficult to pronounce names Avoid proper names of a business, e.g. Microsoft Drive Avoid using double suffixes, e.g. Deer Path Lane Use only suffixes which are Town of Apex approved (see list at end of document) Suffixes must fit the character/design of the road being named, e.g. Court vs. Expressway The entrance roadway of a proposed subdivision/development shall contain the name of the subdivision/development where this name does not conflict with the abovementioned guidelines The Town of Apex has the right to deny any road name that is determined to be inappropriate Approved road names must be placed on final approved site plan. ROAD NAME APPLICATION Number of roads to be named: Please submit twice as many road names as needed, with those names of priority listed first. Proposed road names should be written exactly as one would want them to appear. The Town of Apex Planning Department will send all approved road names to the Wake County GIS Department for county approval.