DATA AND SUMMARY REPORT

ON THE BOARD

FISHERIES INVESTIGATIONS • 1962

By

FRASER RIVER BOARD BIOLOGICAL STAFF B. M. CHATWIN, P. COWIE and A. F. GILL -·:::. FINAL REPORT

DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES, CANADA VANCOUVER, B.C.

January, 1963 · SH 224 B7 F7 1962 c.2 C 0 N T E N T S

PAGE NO.

IlJTRODUCTIOlT 1

JUV];IJILE SALMON 3 Surveys 3 Fish Sampling, Fraser River 3

ADULT SALNON .5 Sampling by Fishwheel .5 Spawning Ground Surveys 6

POPULATION ESTU'.18.TES FOR CHINOOK SALHON, 1962 6 Upper Fraser River System 6 System / 8 Clearwater and North Thompson Rivers 8

CARIBOO RIVER, SALHON SURVEYS 9

SAIJ,10:H LENG'I'I:I DATA COLLJ!:CTIOlTS 20

SALMON SCALE DATA COLLECTIONS 20

WATER Till-!PEBii.TUIIB DATA COLLECTIOUS 21

Sffi.J1v1ARY 22

TABLES 23 ••••• 1

INTRODUCTION

This report is the third and final in a series of Fraser River Board Progress Summary and Data Reports, completed in connection with the fisheries investigations performed by the Board's biological staff under the direction of the Department of Fisheries. The Progress Summaries for the work in 1960 and 1961 were published by the Department of Fisheries, Canada, Vancouver, B.C., in April 1961 and February 1962. The revised system of proposed and existing dams now being studied by the Fraser River Board, primarily as a flood control measure, comprises the following and is known as System E.

Site No. Pro.iect Name River 58 Bridge River Bridge Existing 141 Clearwater Clearwater Head Only 194 Granite Canyon Clearwater Head Only 89 I Falls Cariboo Head and Storage lll .Grand Canyon Fraser Head and Storage 142 Hemp Creek Clearwater Head and Storage l42A Clearwater-Azure Clearwater Head and Storage 153 Clearwater Head and Storage 104 ·_\,_ Lower McGregor McGregor Storage Only

The bio-engineering fisheries investigations performed in 1962 were commenced in late-April and terminated in early-October. The biological program began with a qualitative sampling for young salmon in many widespread rivers and streams within the System's Study Area, to add to our biological knowledge on distribution and rearing. From late-

April until mid-June a 4 1x 4' inclined plane was operated in the Fraser River ••••• 2

:near Sfiefley B.C., to augment the information gained in 1960 on the temporal diistribution of juvenile chinook salmon. Sampling for young salmon in the System was carried out for short periods in each month from April through October, and further effort was made to determine the extent and possible destination of adult chinook salmon which might migrate upstream from Cariboo Falls. One fishwheel was operated in the Fraser River (at the site No .. 2 used in 1961) about one mile upstream from the mouth of the Salmon

River. The fishwheel was operated from July 11 through August 29 to provide further information on the timing of the adul.t migration of chinook and , and also to obtain data which could permit the computation of the chinook salmon escapement to the upper Fraser System above Prince George. A temporary fish weir was placed in Seebach Creek, a lower McGregor River tributary, to count the spalrming run to the tributary. It was intended. to obtain a total fish count in order to compare it with the result of estimating escapement by means of aircraft, but the weir was irreparably, washed out early in August. Spawning ground surveys were carried out in helicopters and some 50 hours were flown. Fisheries engineering surveys were conducted; under the direction of a Department engineer, downstream from Clearwater project site No. 141 between the dates of May 15 and June 9, July 15 and August 9, and a.t the Grand

Canyon site 111 during June 9 to July 13, and October 26 to 29. These surveys were performed to gather data in connection with proposed fishery requirements. To complete the 1962 field program, the Board's biological start were assisted by three casual employees; the Department engineer was assisted by one student and two casual employees. Competant riverm.en were engaged during the Grand Canyon Surveys .. "530 30 0 -(J ADULT SOCKEYE MIGRANiS ,,....\

0 I \ /•\ o 1961 · N = 91 I \ / \ -0 I •-" I - • 1962 N = 227 1520 I I 20 I I c I I -Q) (J I I .... I \ Q) 0.. I \ 10 • 0 ' 10 I II I \ I \ o/ \ 20 10 20 10 20 10 ,,,... ./ 10 20 0 --'--~-t-~--'-~~-i-~--1~~-'-~-..J..~~+-~~-=;.---=1~---+-~~.1...-~-l-~~~--iO April May June July August

CHINOOK FRY

1960 N = 74 2.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 16.1 17.5 17.5 419 r I I 1 1962 0 I 11.1 jssaj . N = 9 {Percent of total catch) CHINOOK SMOLT

1960 N = 146 69.1 25.3 1.4 0 4.0 0

19621 47.91 15.1 30.1 6.7 N = 119

20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 I April May June July August

Figure I ••••• 3

JUVENILE S.AL.\fON

Surveys The dates, locations and general results of the samplings surveys conducted during 1962 are arranged in chronological order and are given in

Table 1.

New inform.ation on the distribution of chinook salmon was obtained only from our surveys in the Cariboo River System, and this is considered in a later section of this report. Excepting this result, the general distribution of chinook salmon is that as given in the 1962 summary report.

By the capture of chinook juveniles at various times of the year, conclusive data was obtained which indicated that the young sfl.m.on may rear in some of the major upper Fraser River tributaries. The capture of smelts migrating from Seebach Creek, and Slim Creek was made during May, and later in the season young-of-the-year were caught from the Torpy and Slim Creek systems. The rearing of juvenile chinook salmon was found to occur in Cariboo ( I Lake and in Slim and Tumuch Lakes. I

Fish Sampling, Fraser River A 4 'x 4 • inclined plane was operated in the

Fraser River about one mile upstream from the mouth of the Salmon River from

April 25 to· June 16. As a result of this sampling, and that done in 1960, a summary is given of the probable nature of the migration and rearing of juvenile chinook salmon within the upper Fraser River system.

The re~ults of the sampling by inclined plane are given in Table 2 and are reproduced as in the bottom panel of Figure 1. In Figure l the numbers enclosed 'Within segments of e~ch bar diagram. are the per cent of the total season's catch. It is indicated that in the late-April to early-June period, smolts predominate in the catch and are taken more frequently than during July or August. The fry, or young-of-the-year, are almost absent from •..•. 4 the early season catches but appear more frequently as the swmner progresses.

The inclined plane located in a fixed position off one bank of the river

fishes a very limited cross-sectional area of the total flow. However, from

the results of this operation and our sampling in the tributaries it is

suggested that rearing of upper Fraser chinook salmon plays a major role in

the early life history of this species. The time from hatching to migration

seaward, as smolt yearlings, is approximately one year. It is considered

that the bulk of young fish would migrate seaward as yearlings, and they would

normally be present at the proposed Grand Canyon dam site in greatest numbers

from late-April until early-June. It is inferred from the ab.sence of fry in

early-spring catches in the Fraser, that no definite downstream movement of

fry occurs.\ It is also assumed that, with the passage of summer and increasing

young-of-the-year catches, no clearly defined or large-scale seaward migration

of fry occurs later in the season. But rather it is the opinion that the

late-summer increase in fry catch by the inclined. plane traps reflects the

non-volitional or passive movement of the young downstream duri.."lg their rearing

period.

It is concluded that the upper Fraser stocks of chinook salmon may be i comprised largely· of stream type fish as categorized by scale growth patterns \ and which are those that spend their entire first year of life rearing in fresh I . water. It is anticipated that our salmon scale collection, which have been ./l

made available to the Fisheries Research Board and will also be interpreted

by them will confirm this opinion. FRASER RIV ER DISCHARGE AT SHELLEY 120 120 .. .. ~ . ... ~- (/) ..1961 ... i+-: ..:• . 1962 :\ . . 0 .. :. . . 100 . . .. . 100 .._ : ~: : : . . . 0 . Ul . "'O . c 0 80 80 (/) :J . 0 ...... c .. ... ·... I- . .. 60 . .: 60 c . .. . . : ·. .. (l) ...... : . :::: Cl " : . . : l...... 0 . ":!\ :\ : : II : .c .e 0.. e 0 .. 40 : ;..... 0 ·..·: · ·. :··...... ~.; (/) ··.. ·· ... ·...... j . /~·.. .···· .: . . 0 . .. ·. . . ··.. ... ~ . 0. ..'· : rll.... ·..666 ·······.. .··· : •e" 0 •aeo : ! ~. : 00 e O' I\ e : •.'!, ,,, ..... 20 i1 '°,c t1I N 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 20 10 o.__~_._'--~'--~-'-~~--~_._~~-'-~--"~~-'-~--"~~_,_~__.~~_;.,,,~...-.i...... ~-i-~~..1-~----l'~~....1.-~...... J'--~-'----1 0 April May June Ju I y August September October ••••• 5

ADULT SAL..~ON

Sampling by Fishwheel A major part of the biological work in 1961 was the operation of two fishwheel traps designed to capture adult salmon. These were operated in the Fraser River near Shelley and the results obtained were given in the Report for 1961. Between July 11 and August 29, 1962, one fishwheel was operated and located at the same site No. 2 as used in 1961, for the purposes outlined in a previous section. The results are given in Table 3 and Figure 1. A total of 305 chinook and 227 sockeye salmon were captured. This represents about 2.5 times as many of each species captured in 1962 than in 1961. From our examination of adult fish on the upstream spawning grounds, in each year, we conclude that the increased catch, by the same fishwheel operated at the same location in each year, was attributed to an increased efficiency of the trap rather than due to a proportionate increase in escape­ ment. The possible cause for greater efficiency of the wheel in 1962 may be due to a larger river discharge during the migration period, as shown by the seasonal graph of discharge at the Shelley station in 1961 and 1962 in

Figure 2. Differences in the amount and. pattern of flow past the fishwheel, could cause the migrational paths of each species to be altered so that the migrants would become more vulnerable to capture.

The overall timing of the migration of ea.ch species in the Fraser near Shelley between years is quite similar a.s shown in Figure 2. For chinooks the peak weeks of capture occurred 2-3 weeks later in 1962 than in 1961, which fact might be related to the time difference between the periods of peak water discharge. ••••• 6

Spawning Ground Surveys A total of 80 helicopter flying hours were allotted to perform. a systematic coverage of chinook salmon spawning ground areas.

Due to very poor physical conditions of the many tributaries of the upper

Fraser, only 50.5 hours were flmm. The extent of all the surveys of salmon spawning areas is given in Table 4. The table is arranged by three major areas.

In the upper Fraser area, only suitable conditions for the aerial obser..ration of fish were found in the Bowron River and in Sli.In Creek., Both these rivers are lake fed.

Complete aerial coverage was not given to the Quesn~l River system, because it is .felt that ground surveys could provide as complete information.

Aerial reconnaissances of the Clearwater River were completed satisfactorily as scheduled..

Population Estimates for Chinook Salmon, 1962

Upper Fraser River System - The only anadromous species of salmonids which frequent the Fraser system above Prince George are the sockeye and chinook salmon. The sockeye spawn in the Bowron River system and are not found elsewhere in the upper Fraser. The International Pacific Salm.on

Fisheries Commission usually operate a fish counting weir at the outlet to

Bowron Lake, but in 1962 it was inoperative. Chinook salmon utilize many of the upper Fraser's tributaries for spawning. An estimate of the total number of chinook salmon by visual counts was not possible to obtain in 1962.

In order to provide an estimate for total chinook salmon excapement, the catch data obtained by the fishwheel and the estimated number of sockeye spavmed in the upper Bowron system. are used. Some comparative results from the fishwheel sampling and calculations of chinook escapement are given in

Table A. ••••• 7

TABLE A: Some comparative results of fishwheel sampling for adult salmon in the uwer Fraser River near Shelley. B.C.

1261 1962

Period of operation June 20-Sept,. 2 July ll-Aug. 29 Per cent time fishing during period 91..4% 88.9%

Day of first capture, chinook July 1 July 13 Day of first capture, sockeye July 21 July 24

Peak week and number, -chinook July 16-22(44) Aug. 5-ll(98) Peak week and number,- sockeye Aug. 6-12(32) " II (64) .Final week and number, chinook Aug • 27-Sept. 2, nil Aug. 26-29(6) Final week and number, sockeye " u If II II (21) Total number captured, chinook 124 305 Total number captured, sockeye . 91 227 Fish capture ratio between years, 1961 : 1962 chinook ( l : 2.45 ) sockeye ( 1 : 2.49 ) Ratio of capture, sockeye to chinook l : 1.36 l : 1.34 *Bowron River sockeye escapement 7,460 6,250 Per cent sockeye caught by fishwheel 1.22% 3.63% ·Calculated total chinook escapement 10,164 8,402

Estimated total chinook escapement 14,000 No Estimate

*Fence count in 1961: IPSFC and Department of Fisheries estimated the 1962 Bowron escapement at 6000 - 6500 fish...... s

The ~alculated total chinook salmon escapement for the upper Fraser system in 1961 was 10,164 fish and in 1962 the calcula~d totaJ. was S,402. The calculations were based on the assumption that the numbers of chinooks captured in each year represent the same per cent of the total chinook run as do the sockeye catches of their total known escapement (1.22% and 3.63% of total in each year respectively)~ Ranked in order of importance to the contribution of the aggregate escapement, the tributaries may be considered as follows: 1. Bowron River 2. Slim Creek 3. or 4. Torpy River 4. or 3. McGregor River System 5 .. Fraser River, Tete Jaune 6. Morkill River 7. Holmes River 8. Willow, Goat, Salmon Rivers 9• Other Tributaries This ranking is based on the results obtained in 1961 and 1962, and reference is made to Figure 2 of the 1961 Summary Report for distribution of the speciess

Quesnel River System. Chinook salmon populations in this system are considered in a following section of this report. Clearwater and North Thompson Rivers The total number of adult chinook salriton in the Clearwater River in 1962 is estimated as 4-5 thousand. The escapement in 1962 was leas than the previous year and about one-half the maximum number ever reported in Department. records. The North downstreClill from the confluence of the Clearwater contained an estimated 1-2 thousand chinook salmon. Reference is made to our previous summary reports for timing, disiiri- bution and qualification of population estimates. Cariboo River, Salmon Surveys Part of tne Fraser River Board's initial developnent studies for flood control on the Fraser River first considered a series of three dams on the Cariboo River or north fork of the Quesnel River System.. Upon continuing studies by the Boa.rd, the revised studies, now known as System. E, includes one dam.site located near Cari.boo Falls on the Cariboo River about two miles below Cariboo Lake. · The North fork of the Quesnel River, some 16.5 miles in length, drains Cariboo Lake. The latter is 10 miles long, 1 mile wide and receives the discharge via. Swamp River {Ca.riboo River) of a chain of lakes consisting o{ Sandy, Long, McLeary and Isaac Lakes. Its drainage area extends into the western slope of the Rocky Mountains, the chain of lakes being in the Bowron Game Reserve. Above the outlet of Cariboo Lake, the total area drained is about 880 square miles at elevations of 2,-500 to 8,500 feet. The Cariboo

River carries an average discharge of 6-8 thousand cfs. in June and 5-6 hundred cfs. in March. The gradient of Cariboo River below Cariboo Lake is steep {500 feet drop in 16~ miles from CariQoo Lake to Quesnel River Forks) and for the most part it is a swift stream with much broken water. The banks and bottom are rocky in the upper part, bedrock being exposed in many places. In the lower section it flows between high gravel. banks, and has, in places, cut banks several hundred feet high. The valley is deep and narrow throughout its course. Above Cariboo Lake the Cariboo River {locally called the Swamp River) flows from Sandy Lake a distance or some 20-25 miles.. The river gradient here is less steep than in the lower section below Cariboo Lake and throughout the entire river to its confluence with the South fork of the Quesnel River it flows turbid with glacial melt. ~ea••lO

One helicopter reconnaissance survey of _the Cariboo system below

Sandy Lake was made by us on September 2, 1960. It was observed that:

1) Swamp River Falls, located about 4 miles below Sandy Lake would completely obstruct any fish migration upstream., 2) in Swamp River there a.re a series of rapids a mile or two below the confluence of Matthew Creek; below these the river flows through many islands, is quite turbid and there appears to be ample grayel bottom, 3) below the 40-50 foot falls in Matthew River a.t the outlet of Ghost Lake, the mean stream width for approximately 12 miles is

50 feet; the river on September 2, 1960, flowed turbid but many gravel areas were noted. ~4) in Little River, a clean, clear tributary of Cariboo River entering from. the east side just above Cariboo Lake, contains 6-8 miles of clean medium sized gravel. The first large tributary of the Little River entering from the north has an impassable falls i mile from its mouth. About 3 miles downstream from the tributary, Ishklo Creek, the Little River contains rapids and boulders. 5) Keithley Creek enters Cariboo Lake from the northwest near the lake outlet, forming an expansive alluvial fan of tailing deposits, and ~of a mile from the Lake is an impassable falls. 6) Some gravel bottom area. in Ca.cl.boo River is located just below the outlet of Ca.riboo Lake.

7) Visibility in.the Cariboo River below the lake is restricted to small areas adjacent to tributary creek mouths, such as, Spanish and Seller Creeks. 8) a

"rock cut" fishway on the right bank at Ca.riboo Falls contained. some water flow on September 2, 1960.

With respect to item No. S above, the following is extracted from the

B.C. Fisheries Commissioner's Report for 1902, wherein on page Cl8; 11There is a natural fall of about 20 feet in the North Fork of the Quesnel River that prevents the salmon from entering Ca.riboo Lake and its several tributaries. .•..•ll

Mr. Thomas Drummond, C.E., of , is of the opinion that this natural obstruction could be re.moved, or a fishway blasted in the rocks on one side, which, if done, would open up this lake region to the fish which annually congregate at the foot of the falls, and whose progress is obstructed by it; and that this work could be accompanied by the expenditure of $1,200.00.

This matter has been presented to the Dominion Authorities, and it is stated that they have decided to do the work."

At the proposed damsite located just at the head of Cariboo Falls the river is reported to drop 40 feet in 1,200 feet, according to the Fraser

River Board Preliminary Report, 1958, Appendix A & B.

The following photographs show the :immediate area of the Cari.boo

River at Cariboo Falls.

Both sockeye and chinook salmon frequent the Quesnel River, and to the greatest extent in the South Fork and System..

Spring salmon do not require a lake to perpetuate the race like sockeye salmon. The young will either migrate seaward as emergent fry or else remain in fresh water a year or more to rearo

Historically, countless thousands of sockeye-salmon annually frequented the Quesnel System. For a period of years around the turn of the centUI"T placer mining in the South Fork river,, which included a .dam structure at the outlet of Quesnel Lake that hindered and prevented salmon from entering the lake and also ter:mi.'lated river flows for extended periods of time, is judged responsible for decimating the sockeye stocks to extremely low levels. And, later in 1913 the slide at Hell's Gate in the Fraser River further added to the decline. However, remedial measures were ·taken at Hell's Gate and the barrier at Quesnel Lake was removed.. Followed by the effective management of • 8 ••• 12

CARIBOO FALLS

Looking upstream on the Cariboo River

August 26, 1962

CARIBOO FALLS

September 17, 1962

CARIBOO FALIS

Showing Fishway at extreme left

October 28, 1962 ...... 13

Looking upstream at Fishwa.y Entrance, lower left corner

June 20, 1962

CARIBOO FALLS FISHWAY

August 26, 1962

CARIBOO FALIS FISHWAY

Fishway outlet in center of photo

September 17, 1962 •..•.u.

CARIBOO FALIS FISHW.AY

Looking upstream. about half way through

Augtist 20, 1962

CARIBOO FALLS FISHWAY

Top end of Fishw~ looking downstream

August 20, 1962

CARIBOO FALIS FISHW.AY

Showing migrating chinook salmon entering lower portion of fishway

August 25, 1962 ••••• 15. the Fraser River sockeye stocks by the International. Pacific Salmon Fisheries Commission, the escapement of this species to the Quesnel River system., is being returned to form.er.population levels, and will possibly reach greater levels of abundance. The apparent escapement of spring salmon in the Quesnel River system, during the past 28 years from. Department of Fisheries records, has been report.ed, on the average, to be 1-2 thousand fish. These estimates are based on spawning ground surveys in the Quesnel River near Likely and.in the upper , and, in most years, do not include all the apparently suitable spawning ground areas within the system because o:f inaccessibility for surve.r. One Fraser River Board aerial survey of these inaccessible areas in 1960, added little new information on the distribution of spring salmon. However, it is known that spawning spring salmon are widely distributed in space and time; hence the result of one aerial survey of the area is inconclusive. Most emphasis of' the Board's biological field investigations have been in connection with the collection of basic biological data on spring salmon. In view of some of the results of Board surveys which added new information on the freshwater distribution of this species, particularly in the upper Fraser River area, it was considered desirable to perform sampling in the North Fork Quesnel River System. to augment biological information on spring salmon and to confirm, if possible, local reports we have received on the presence of "dead salmon" in Ca.riboo Lake in the fall months. The results of our surveys in 1961 and 1962 are given in Table B. Table B: Cariboo Lake and River Salm.on Sampling Surveys ••••• 16

Place Result

./ May 30-31 4 Left Bank Cariboo River 25 chinook fry caught in 1 (lx2) 200 yds. above Spanish Cr. size range 35 - 40 mm.

May 30-31 Right Bank Cariboo River 1 (lx2) Fyke Net - No catch. 300 yds. below lake outlet.

May 31 Spanish Cr. 200 yds .. upstream 14 chinook fry caught in 1 scoop from mouth. seine haul in small side channel of Spanish Cr. Velocity Spanish Cr. at mouth 12 - 14 fps. 1962 Apr. 27-28 v Right Bank Cariboo River 2 smolts (chinook) caughtin.l(lx2) Hy-Way bridge opposite mouth Fyke net in fishing position 21 hrs .. of Spanish Cr. Smelts size. 85 - 83 mm.

Apr. 27-28 Cariboo Lake Narrows Cariboo Lake still ice covered, 2 (lx2) Fyke nets set in open water at narrows, nets fishing 16 hrs. - No catch.

May 9-10 Outlet of Cariboo Lake 3 (lx2) Fyke Nets hung from high wire at Lake outlet - No catch. June 11-12 !~'· Left Bank Cariboo River 4 chinook fry - 2 suckers caught. 200 yds. above Spanish Cr. in: 1 (lx2) Fyke Net. Size range 35 mm. Net in same place as May 30/31/1961. June 11-12 Outlet of Cariboo Lake 3 Fyke nets hung from high wire at Lake outlet. - Catch 2 small suckers.

June 12 Right shore lower Cariboo L. 8 chinook fry caught in 2 sets with approx. l mL from outlet a 25' small mesh - beach seine, Size range 35 - 39 mm.

June 12 Right Shore Narrows, 1 chinook fry caught in 2 hauls Cariboo Lake with beach seine course fish caught in seine: 31 chub; 6 sculpin; 2 suckers.

July 19 Right shore lower Cariboo L. 29 chinook fry; 21 whitefish; approx. 1 mi. from. outlet. +6 sculpin caught. in one set with 200' beach seine. Size range chinooks 48 - 63 mm. · Aug. 22 Cariboo River, Falls and Fishway Falls observed from 0915-1130, no salmon sighted, Keithly-Rollie Crs. checked for adult chinooks - nil. Table B - contd.

Aug. 23 Cariboo River, Falls and Fishway Falls observed from 0830-to-1130 f 1330-1700, - no salmon sighted. Aug. 24 Keithly Creek Checked from bridge to lake. - no salmon sighted. Aug. 25 Cariboo River Falls and Fishway Falls observed 1300-1630, 25-30 attempts made at falls by chinooks, at least 5 successful, also 1 possible sockeye

Aug. 26 Cariboo River Falls and Fishway Falls observed 0830-0930, 2 attempts made at falls by chinooks. Gill net set in river at lake outlet. Aug. 27 Cariboo River Falls and Fishway Falls observed 1430-1630, 48 attempts by chinooks to enter fishway. Gill net checked - no catch: Aug. 28 Cariboo River Falls and Fishway Falls observed 1300-1500, JO attempts by chinooks to move up fishway.

Aug. 28 Outlet Cariboo Lake Gill net removed, - no catch, Net had been set 46 hrs.

Sept. 17 Cariboo Lake and River Both shores of Cariboo Lake, 2 mi. lower end·Swamp River .f ! mi. below Cariboo Lake outlet covered by boat, - no chinook salmon visible.

Oct. 8 Right shore lower Cariboo L. 46 chinook smolts, 23 whitefish, approx. 1 mi. from outlet 9 sculpin, and 8 suckers caught in l haul with 200 1 beach seine. Size range for chinooks 82-94 mm. Haul made same pl.ace as - June 12 and July 19, 1962. ••••• 18

It is apparent from the results of our surveys that some adult chinook

salmon proceed beyond Cariboo Falls and successfuly spawn. Young chinook

salmon captured in Cariboo Lake were found to be abundant in so far as our limited sam.pli:ngs are concerned. These young also exhibited an excellent physical condition and f avourabl.e rate of growth in length during the period of sampling.

No adult chinook salmon have been observed upstream from Cariboo Falls.

From the results of our surveys and from records held by the Department of Fisheries we present the following summary conclusions. 1. Unknown numbers of chinook salmon ascend the north fork of the Quesnel or Cariboo River and spawn. Small numbers of chinooks may

utilize the lower portion of Spanish Creek for spawning. The number of chinook fJalmon frequenting the Cariboo River system is difficult to ascertain, because of turbid water and turbulent flow. Some chinook salmon ascend above Cariboo River Falls.

2. The distribution of chinook salmon within the Cariboo River System

is difficult to define. Spawning is known to occur near Quesnel

River Forks, and off the mouths of Spanish and Sellers Creeks.

Chinook fey captured in Cariboo Lake in June, 1962, resulted from

spawn deposited the previous fall in areas unknown but possibly in

gravels located near the lake outlet, the mouth areas of lake

tributaries, or in the upper Cariboo River and tributaries.

3. From the captures of chinook salmon fry and smolts noted above, and on the basis of the assumption that the magnitude of Cariboo River

flows and gradient would prevent the upstream movement of young fish

originating from spawnings in the immediate vicinity of Spanish Creek ••••• 19 or downstream; the apparent migrational and rearing pattern of young spring salmon from the Cariboo River follows the general characteristic

order for the specie -- an exodus of smelts or yearlings first in early spring followed almost immediately by emergent fry migrants, with some young-of-the-year fish remaining within the system to rear to smelt stage until the following spring season. 4. The physical features of the Cariboo River and Lake would suggest that the system is not a substantial productive area for chinook salmon. $. Cariboo River Falls is not a complete obstruction to the upstream migration of adult chinook salmon. It is our opinion that salmon may

not proceed beyond the falls via the 11 fishway11 in every year if it is possible, since the timing of the adult chinook salmon migration is generally at a peak when river flows through this "rock-cut" are much

reduced or absent. However, it is conjectural if all chinook salmon are blocked by the fall, at all stages of river flow.

6. The total ejcapement of chinook salmon, unknown in any year, is considered light; the number of adult fish surmounting the falls must be considered extremely few from present evidence. 7. The proposed Fraser River Board development of the Cariboo Falls damsite would have the least detrimental effect on fisheries, insofar as only the obstruction to chinook salmon migration and spawning is concerned, than other dam.sites which might be considered for development within the Quesnel River system; this is the case provided planning and development upstream would not alter or obstruct flows in the Bowron River drainage which would affect sockeye and chinook salmon

stocks in that adjacent system. 8. Fish passage facilities at Carlboo Falls damsite are not presently

suggested, in view of Fraser River Board system developnent planning

which would, if implemented, inundate the majority of upstr~am

potential spawning grounds.

9. To maintain the natural run of chinook salmon that migrate to Cariboo

Falls and beyond, it is recommended that during and after development

o.f the Cariboo Falls site, that provisions be made to ensure adequate

seasonal water flows and water temperatures. Also, stream bed

improvement would be necessary in the area downstream from the dam.

Salmon Length Data Collections As a permanent data record, the length-frequency

distributions of adult sockeye and adult chinook salmon captured by the fish­

wheel in 1962 are given in Table 5.

Length measurements for 291 chinook salmon averaged. 67 .. 2 cm.; 219

sockeye averaged 60.2 cm. in fork length. The average fork lengths for 161

chinooks and 120 sockeye captured by the fishwheels in l961 were 65.4 cm. an'd

59.7 cm. for each species respectively.

The juvenile chinook salmon length data record is given in Table 6 ..

Salm.on Scale Data Collections A total of 1280 chinook and coho salmon scales

have been collect.ad during the course of our field surveys which began in 1960.

Table 7 summarizes these scale collections.

All scales have been impressed on cellulose acetate sheets and a

complete data record book prepared. Copies of all scale data have been given to the Fisheries Research Board in Nanaimo, B.C.

W:e have made no age analysis of any adult scale samples, since our

collections from particular areas were considered too few to yield interpretive ••••• 21

results. Our scale samples, however, provide the first colle.ction of such data from. fish sampled on the spawning grounds and in the up-river areas.

A number of juvenile chinook salmon scales have been examined in light of our interest in the rearing and over-winter residence of some of \ I these young fish. Some circulus counts have been made of both ·the total \ number present on the scale and of the number of circuli comprising the part\ of the scale from the locus to the region of the first annulus f orma.tion. Given in Table 8 are the results of our total circuli count ap.alysis which, we believe, will be a useful biological reference for other workers. We found the average number of total circuli to vary by less than one:half of one circulus in the results obtained between.different scale readers. Intrepre- tations of the first annulus on juvenile chinook salmon scales are more subjective, hence we do not include these results in this report but they are contained in the permanent scale data record book. Water Temperature Data Collections Water temperatures were collected. in 1962 by thermograph recorders for the Fraser River at Longworth; near mouth; Clearwater River near mouth and below Clearwater Lake outlet. These data are recorded in Table 9. Other water temperature data were collected. and are recorded. by Table 10 .. A detailed summary report on the possible effects of the proposed Fraser River Board dams on water temperature and its relation to salmon stocks was prepared in December 1962 and presented to the Department under their file, No. 31-1-4. It was concluded that ext.reme water temperature variations would result from discharging resevoir water through deeply submerged. orifices during critical periods of salmon migration, spawning, incubation and rearing. Some possible solutions to providing suitable outflow temperatures were suggested. •• ~ ... 22

SUMMARY

Rasul.ts of biological surveys performed in 1962 in connection with Fraser River Board development studies are presented. Basic biological and physical data collections are appended in tables as a means of a permanent data record. This report finalizes the documentation of the 3-year term period of fisheries investigations performed under the terms of reference of the Fraser River Board, dated 1959. ----- The Final Report of the Fraser River Board's over-all studies is called for completion by September 1963, and will include a section on the recommendations for the maintenance of salmon stocks as they relate to the proposed developnents. ••oea2J

LIST OF TABL~:;s AND :fiGUlES PAGE NO.

TABLJ~ A Some Comparative Results of Fishwheel Sampling for 7 .Adult Salmon in the Upper Fraser Near Shelley, B.C. in 1961 and 1962. TABLE: B Cariboo Lake and River, Salmon Sampling Surveys. 16

T.ABL~ 1 Chronological Order of Fisheries Sampling Surveys 24 in 1962. TABLE 2 Daily Catch of Juvenile Chinook Salmon by 4'x4' JO Inclined Plane Sampling Trap from the Upper Fraser H.iver, Near Shelley, between /i.pril 25 and June 16, 1962. TABLE 3 Fraser River Board .l!'ishwheel Catches, 1962 31 TABLE 4 Fraser lliver Board Salmon Spawning Ground Surveys, 1962. 34 TA]?LE 5 Length-Frequency Distribution of Chinook and Sockeye 39 Salmon Captured by ~1shwheel, 1962.

TABLE 6 Length-Frequency Distribution of Juvenile Salmon 40 Captured by Inclined Plane, 1962.

Til.BLlE 7 Suxnmary of Fraser River Board Salmon Scale Collections, 41 Chinook and Coho Salmon, 1960 - 1962.

TABLE 8 Chinook Salmon Smalt Scale Circuli Counts. 42

TABLE 9 River ~later Temperature Hecords Obtained in 1962 by 43 Taylor Recorders at: Fraser 11.iver (Longworth), Ncchako River (Prince George), and at Clearwater River (Outlet of Clearwater Lake and at 1:0uth).

TABLE 10 F:t.·aser H.iver Water Temperatures Obtained in 1962, in 47 Degrees Fa.hrenhei t, at Inclined Flane and Fishwheel Sampling Site, Seebach Creek, Willow River and Salmon lliver.

FIGURE 1 Temporal Distribution of Catches of Salmon Ila.de by Fishwheels and Inclined Planes in the Upper Fraser Hiver.

FIGURE 2 ~~aser River Discharge at Shelley, B. C. CHRONOLOGICAL ...Q[l.DER OF FISHERIES SAMPLING SURVEYS IN 1962

Str~~ :£simJ2. Catch Remarks April 25- Fraser River 1 mi. 119. Chinook Smolts All catches made by the use of a 4'x4' June 16 upstream Salmon R. 9 Chinook Fry inclined plane; water conditions were /.Coarse Fish 1muddy 1 throughout the operation; Fraser River and area were ice bound until late April.. Smalt size 10.5 - 7.2 cm. April 27-28 Cariboo River, right 2 Chinook Smelts 1 (lx2) fyke net fished for 20 hrs., water bank at bridge 1 Whitefish fairly clear~ Chinook size range 8.5 - 8.3 cm. April 27-28 Cariboo Lake at -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets set in open water between narrows 1 Upper 1 and 'Lower' Cariboo Lake; Cariboo Lake ice covered. May 2-3 Willow River 42 -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net swept away in the fast and turbid water conditions which prevailed.

May 4-5 Sebach Creek .34 l Chinook Smalt 1 (lx2) fyke net fished for 30 hrs~ water r t mi. upstream from high and fairly clear. Chinook size 7.0 cm. mouth May 4-5 Slim Cr. 100 yds. 1 Chinook Smolt 2 ( lx2) fyke nets fished for 28 hrs., water upstream from mouth l Dace; 1 Sculpin high and fairly clear. Chinook size 6.7 cm.

May 9-10 Cariboo River at -Nil- 3 (lx2) fyke nets hung from high wire across lake outlet Cariboo River at the lake outlet. Only 'Lower Caribop 1 Lake ice free. May 9-15 Willow River at foot -Nil- of Canyon

May 14-15 McGregor River 100 yds. 42 1 Small Squaw Fish 1 (lx2) fyke net set for 24 hrs. Water high upstream from Seebach and muddy. r ·~'"May 14-16 Seebach Cr. 300 yds. 42 1 Chinook Smolt 1 (2x3) small inclined plane. Water fairly from mouth 1 Squaw Fish clear and normal. Chinook size 8.2 cm. May 16-17 McGregor River 200 yds. -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets set for 26 hrs. Water from Herrick Cr. normaJ. and glacial. . • TABLE 1 (Cont'd) -CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF FISH.ERIES S1iMPLING SURVEYS IN 1962

~ Stream ,Iemp. Catch Remarks May 16-17 Fontoneko Cr. 200 yds 38 .3 Chinook Fry 1 (lx2) fyke net set for 17 hrs. Water from mouth fairly high and glacial. Much debris.

May 16-17 Herrick Cr. 200 yds. 42 -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net set for 14 hrs. Water -upstream from Fontoneko glacial. Large catch of stone fly larvae.

May 17 Spakwaniko Cr. 41. -Nil- Several beach-seine attempts in Spakwaniko Cr. and in Herrick Cr. around the mouth of Spakwaniko.

May 17-18 Seebach Cr. 300 yds. 40 1 Chinook Smolt 1 (2x8) inclined plane, water fairly high from mouth 1 Headwater Rainbow and muddy, Chinook size 8.7 cm.

May 16-24 Salmon River .300 yds. 50.25 19 Squaw Fish Water high and muddy, 1(2x3) inclined plane upstream from mouth Mean 3 Chub trap removed·. May 24; Fraser River .flooding 8 Suckers lower end o.f Salmon River.

May 18-24 Salmon River 400 yds. l Squaw Fish 1 (lx2) fyke net upstream from mouth " 7 Chub; l Dace 5 Suckers; 1 Shiner

~ May 20 Seebach Cr. l Chinook Smol t A'_· Water fairly high and muddy, caught in ( I' 1 (2x3) inclined plane. Size 8.2 cm~ May 23-24 Goat River -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net, swept away by drift, near mouth water high and glacial~

May 23-24 Morkill River 4.3 -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets. Water high and fairly near mouth muddy. May 23-24 Slim Creek 44 -Nil- l (lx2) fyke net lost in the rising muddy near mouth water. May 2.3-24 Torpy River -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets, fairly high and muddy. 4.3 • near mouth • • MBJ" 2.3-24 McKale Or. 41 -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets. Water clear and normal. at mouth. TABLE 1 (Cont 1d) CHRONOLOG.ICAL ORDER OF. .lJSHERIES SAMPLING §URVEYS IN 1962 Stre§.lll Temp. Catch Remarks

May 23-24 West Twin Cr. -Nil- 1 (1x2) fyke net. Water fairly high and 200 yds. from mouth murky.

May 26-27 Seebach Cr. 300 yds. -Nil- 1 (2x3) inclined plane, McGregor River from mouth flooding lower section of Seebach Cr. Velocity at Rig Site est. it - 2 fps. May 28-29 Sowchea Cr. 1 mi. 1 Sockeye Fry 6 (lx2) fyke nets set for 16 hrs. Nets from mouth fishing in main flow of current. May 29-30 Kazchek Cr. 1 mi. -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets fished for 22 hrs. from mouth Water fairly high and muddy. May 29-.30 Kuzkwa Cr. 1 mi. Sockeye Fry 3 (lx2) fyke nets fished for 26 hrs. from mouth Approx. 100 sockeye fry caught, yolk sacs still visible on many of the fry. . May 29-30 Tachie River 1 mi. 1 (lx2) fyke net fished for 27 hrs., net below Kuzkwa Cr. -Nil- set from overhanging tree on left bank. Est. velocity 4 fps. May 29-30 Middle River 100 yds. -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net swept away during night by below Kazcheck Cr. drift. May 26 Right side Fraser R. -Nil- 1 (2x.3) inclined plane, rig damaged and June 2 1 mi. above Salmon R. removed, water high and muddy. Much debris.

May .30-31 Willow River 3/4 mi. -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net. Water very high and muddy. from mouth Much small debris. Net damaged and removed. June 2-3 .39 -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets hung from bridge, water at Gosnel fairly high and muddy. June 2-3 North Thompson R. -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets, 1 net hung from bridge; Hy-way bridge at 1 net set from· right bank immediately • Gosnel. downstream from bridge. • • .• TABLE l.(Cont 1d) CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER OF FISHERIES SAMPLING SURVEYS IN 1962 llilte Stream Catch Remarks

June 4-.5 Fraser River at 42 -Nil- 1 (lx2) fyke net attached to old bri~ge Tete Jaune pilings approx. 1 mi. downstream from Tete J aune spawning grounds. June 4-5 Holmes River at -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets attached to bridge. Hy-way bridge Water muddy.

June 4-5 Nevin Cr. at -Nil- l (lx2) fyke net attached to bridge. Hy-way bridge Water level normal and fairly clear. June 5-6 Fraser River at -Nil- 4 (lx2) fyke nets hung from bridge. Fitzwilliam Water fairly clear. June 6-7 Blue River 200 yds. -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets attached to logging from mouth bridge. Water clear. ·

June 6-7 Bone Cr. near mouth 49 -Nil- 2 (lx2) fyke nets. Water clear and normal~ June 5-9 Fraser R. t mi. above -Nil- 1 (2x3) inclined plane, water high and muda.y. F.R.B. Fraser Ca~p

June 11-12 Cariboo River 200 yds~ 4 Chinook Fry 1 (lx2) fyke net, size range Chinook Fry 35 mm. above Spanish Creek 2 Sucker Fry

June 11-12 Cariboo River at 2 Sucker Fry 3 (lx2) fyke nets hung from high wire at lake outlet outlet of Cariboo Lake. June 12 Cariboo Lake 8 Chinook Fry Caught in 2 seine hauls, right shore Cariboo Lake ~ mi. from outlet. Size range 35-39 mm.

June 12 Oariboo Lake 1 Chinook Fry Caught in 2 seine hauls, at narrows between 1Upper 1 and· 1 Lower' Cariboo Lake. Total coarse caught in seine hauls; 31 Chub, 6 Sculpin, ·2 Suckers. • • • • • TABLE 1 (Cont'd) CHRONOLOGIC.AJ.. ORDER OF FISHERIES SAMPLING SURVEYS IN 1962

Stream TemR• Catch June 12-18 Salmon River JOO yds. 55.2 16 Squaw Fish 1 (2x3) inclined plane, water fairly high from mouth 24 Suckers; 14 Shiners and muddy. 2 Chub; 1 Dace June 18 Hudson Bay Slough 6 Chinook Smolts 2 hauls with a 25 1 small mesh beach seine, size range 5.1 - 6.0 cm. *Hudson Bay Slough murky and slow moving, enters Fraser at Prince George. July 11- Fraser River 1 mi. 305 Chinook Adults Caught in fishwheel, also captured; 242 Aug. 29 above Salmon River 227 Sockeye Adults Suckers; 172 Chub; 21 Dolly Varden; 98 Squaw Fish; 4 White Fish. July 5-31 Fraser River at 1 White Sturgeon Caught in gill net around end of July, mouth of Willow R. 80 inches in length.

July 5-31 Fraser River opposite ... 1 Chinook 98 cm • Caught in gill net in Fraser River. f ishwheel camp

July 13 Slim Creek 5 mi. 6 Fry? Caught in 1 haul with beach seine, preserved below Slim Lake samples, Deteriorated unidentifiable. July 13 Slim Lake t mi. 22 Chinook Fry Caught in l seine haul with 25' beach seine. from outlet 16 Sculpin Size Range 3.2 - 5.0 cm.

July 13 Tunuch Lake 6 Fry ? ·caught in 1 beach seine haul; badly deter­ top end iorated, not identifiable. July 13 Torpy River 1 mi. -Nil- 2 hauls with beach seine. Water clear below Keg Cr. and normal. July 13 Torpy River 20 mi. -Nil- 2 hauls With beach seine. below Keg Cr. July 13 Tarpy River 200 yds. 11 Chinook Fry 1 haul with beach seine. Size range 3.3 - below Walker Cr. 4.2 cm.

• I\) ()'.,). • --TABLE 1 (Cont'd) Qlill.OPOL0£1J£Mb ORDER OF FISHER;rns SAMPLING sug_~:;m..JN 1962

,...._.._Catch Remarks

July 19 Cariboo Lake 1 mi. 29 Chinook, 6 Sculpin 1 seine haul with 200 1 beach seine. Size from outlet 21 White Fish range 4.8 - 6.3 cm.

July 25- Seebach Cr. 500 yds., 11 Adult Chinook Captured and released at Seebach Salmon Aug. 5 from mouth Weir, mean length 61.22. Weir washed out and unserviceable Aug. 5th due to heavy rain. Aug. 7-9 McGregor River 2 mi. Gill net set main channel of river for 48 above Seebach Cr. hrs. Net removed, badly tangled and full of debris.

Aug. 26-27 Cariboo Lake Outlet -Nil- One 75 1 gill net set in the Cariboo River at the outlet to Cariboo Lake, net set for 46 hrs. No catch. ,,. . ' Oct. 8 Lower Cariboo Lake 46 Chinook Smol t 1 seine haul with 200 1 beach seine, haul right shore 23 Whitefish; 9 made same place as hauls on June 12, and ! Sculpin, 8 Suckers July 19, 1962.

. •

~ • • o •• "JO TABLE 2

DAILY CL.TCII OF JUVENILE CHINOOK SALHOI'T BY 4 'x4' IlICLINED PLANE SAJ:.:IPLilJG TRAP FROII THS UPPER FRASER RIVi.rn, :r-J}.JAR SHELLY, BETWEEl~ APRIL 25 and JUNE 16, 1962

Fr;i Smolts Total Accrim. Date and Time Set Date and Time Hauled Daily Accum. Daily Accum. Catch

Apr. 25 1720 Apr. 25 1810 0 0 1 l 1 Apr. 26 1400 Apr. 26 1800 0 0 0 1 1 J~pr. 27 1200 Apr. 27 1540 0 0 3 L~ 4 .Apr. 28 1300 Apr. 28 1735 0 0 ·2 6 6 Apr. 30 1500 Apr. 30 1630 0 0 1 7 7 liay 1 1300 I.lay 1 1700 0 0 0 7 7 }13,y 1 1730 Hay 2 1900 0 0 12 19 19 Hay 2 1930 Hay 3 1800 0 0 24 43 4J Hay 3 1830 May 4 2000 0 0 4 47 47 Nay 4 2015 Nay 5 1900 0 0 10 57 57 liay 6 1820 Nay 7 1800 0 0 1 58 58 Inclined Plane Sampling Trap not fished Hay 8 Hay 16, log drive on river. Hay 16 2000 Hay 16 2310 0 0 l .59 .59 nay 16 2320 Iiay 17 1800 0 0 2 61 61 Hay 17 1820 l'.fay 18 1930 0 0 8 69 69 La.y 18 2015 Hay 19 1800 0 0 .5 74 74 Nay 19 2030 Nay 20 1815 0 0 2 76 76 1-:iay 20 1850 Hay 21 1745 0 0 J 79 79 Hay 21 1800 Nay 22 1500 0 0 l 80 80 Hay 22 2000 Hay 23 2300 0 0 0 80 80 Nay 23 2310 Hay 24 1330 0 0 2 82 82 Hay 26 1115 May 26 1245 0 0 0 82 82 Inclined Plane Sa~pling 1'rap not fished Hay 26 -- Hay 29, water conditions very high and fast. Hay 29 1145 Nay 29 1705 0 0 2 84 84 Hay 29 1725 1-:Tay 30 2120 0 0 11 95 95 1i.'"l.y 30 2145 Eay 31 2115 0 0 5 100 100 Eay Jl 2130 June 1 2105 1 1 107 108 ,., 7 June 1 2120 June ~ 1800 0 1 4 111 112 June 3 2200 June 4 1930 0 l 1 112 llJ June 4 194-0 JuJ1e 5 2040 0 l 2 114 115 June 5 2100 June 6 2020 0 1 J 117 118 June 6 2030 June 7 2300 0 l 0 117 118 June 8 0825 Jlme 8 2015 0 l 0 117 118 June 8 20)0 June 9 1210 0 1 0 117 118 Inclined Plane 3.s.w.pling Trap not fished June 9-June 11, rig repairs, replace screens. June 11 1500 June 11 2100 0 1 1 118 119 June 11 2110 June 12 2100 2 J 1 119 122 June 12 2105 June 13 2200 3 6 0 119 125 June 13 2215 June 14 2100 2 8 0 119 127 June 14 2115 June 15 1700 1 9 0 119 128 Inclined l'lane Sampling Trnp ceased oper1c. ti on on June 15 at 1700 hrs.

TOTAL Ci1.TCH 9 Fr;t 112 Smolts ••• "'931 TABLE 3 FRti.Sl;;R RIVER :SOARD FISIIWHEEL CATCHES 1962

Daily Catch Time Date Chinook Sockeye Pot Fishing Remarks

July 11 0 0 :3tarted 1500· hrs. vlheel operating at Site #2 of 1961 operation.

July 12 0 0 1 Chinook caught in gill net across the river from fishwheel. July 13 1 0

July 14 0 0 $hear net set from fishwheel to shore. July 15 0 0

July 16 1 0

July 17 0 0

July 18 0 0

July 19 0 0 Stopped 1000 - 1600 Metting repaired, water level up approx. 4 ft. since July 18. ·Shear net ruined.

July 20 1 0 Stopped 1800 - 1900 Netting repaired.

July 21 0 0 Water level down about J inches.

July 22 1 0 Shear net replaced.

July 2'.3 4 0

July 24 2 1

July 25 6 0

July 26 6 0

July 27 6 0

July 28 9 '.3

July 29 25 2

July JO 20 1

July Jl 13 0

August 1 8 0

August 2 10 1

August J 5 10 ••••• 32 Tii.BLE 3 (Cont 1 d) :c'I'u'i.S:;:m RIVER I301\RD FIS!f'i!IUEL CA'l.'CllliS 1962

Daily Catch Time Chinook Sockeye Not Fishing He marks

August 4 12 9 Stopped 1400 - 1500 A saw log smashed one side of live box allowing at least 1 Chinook to escape. Aue,'U.st 5 22 11

Lugust 6 16 0 Stopped ? - 08)0 Saw log in wheel undeter- mined length of time. Wheel completely stopped till 0830.

August 7 2 0 Stopried 1400 - 1800 Large number of saw logs caught in wheel causine it to surJmeree. Estimate 5 or 6 Chinooks escaped. ;~ugust 8 18 14

August 9 28 22

August 10 17 17 Netting repairs.

August 11 0 0 Fishwheel diving and submerged all night, all fish lost. netting and troughs damaged.

August 12 2 Started 1530 Fish.wheel repaired and operating by 1530 August 12.

August 13 8 11 Stopped 2400 Fishwheel jammed by saw log.

August 14 4 8 Started 0830 Repaired and operational by 0830 August 14.

August 15 6 5 Fishwheel diving during night. Some fish lost. August 16 7 10

August 17 1 10 Stopped 0930 - 1300 Wheel checked, one pontoon damaeed.

1.ugust 18 l 6 Fish.wheel diving all night, all fish caught during night had escaped. August 19 4 7

August 20 2 6 Stopped 0730 - 1100 End of live box smashed Stopped 1600 during night. All fish escaped. ••••• 33 TABLB 3 (Cont'd)

Daily Catch Time Chinook Sockeye Not Fishing Remarks

August 21 J 4 Started lJJO Fishwheel jammed by 40 1 log 1600 Aug. 20, repaired and fishing by lJJO .Aug. 21. August 22 15 15

August 23 J 1 Stopped 1500 - 1600 Chute to live box broken during night. Repaired by 1600 hrs. August 24 6 10

J'. llo"1l st 2 5 7 20

August 26 4 9 Stopped 16JO - 1645 ~:lb.eel stopped .for net repairs. August 27 l 6

August 28 1 2 Stopped 1100 - 1800 Log jam.11ed in fishwheel.

August 29 Stopped 1200 Fishwheel ceased oper­ ations 1200 hrs. Aug. 29

TOTALS: ••••• 34

(1) Fraser River and Tributaries above :?rince George:

Stream Rema.rks

July 12 Fraser River 1 0 Caught in gill net across river from fishwheel.

July 27 Seebach Creek 1 0 Caught in salmon weir 500 yds. upstream on Seebach Creek. Weir operational by 1500 hrs. July 25.

July 28 Seebach Creek 0 0 Fixed wing survey - no salmon seen above weir.

July 28 Seebach Creek 2 0 Sighted in pool between weir and mouth.

July 29 Seebach Creek 7 0 Sighted in I',)Ol between weir and mouth.

July JO Seebach Creek 4 0 Sighted in pool above weir, salmon had broken through the screen of the live box.

July Jl Seebach Creek 9 0 1 caught in weir, 8 in pool between weir and creek mouth.

August 1 Seebach Creek 5 0 Sighted immediately above the weir.

August 2 Seebach Creek 2 0 Caught in salmon weir, one had been previously tagged at Site /if2 on July 29.

August J Seebach Creek 0 CauGht in salmon weir.

August 4 Seebach Creek 2 0 Caught in salmon weir. 1 also seen below weir •

.August 5 Seebach Creek 2 0 Caught in salmon weir, weir washed out by heavy rains.

ii.ugust 17 Seebach. Creek 0 0 Helicopter flight, water conditions very poor for visual observations, high and muddy.

l:..ugust 25 Seebach Creek 0 0 Helicopter flight, water still high and muddy.

September lJ Seebach Creek 0 2 Helicopter flight, water clear and normal.

1:;.ugust 16 ':!illow :River 0 1 Unspa:\med female chinook, water high, nudely.

Au[;USt 17 Otter Creek 0 0 ':fa ter very high and muddy.

Septeuber lJ Otter Creek 0 0 1 'a ter clear and norn.nl (not floi,m) ••••• 35

TliBL:.:! 4 E'R::..;::'..ZR ll.IVB~ BOARD, SAIJ

(1) Fraser River a.nd Tributaries above Prince George: (Cont'd)

Date Stream Live Dead Remarks

Aue;ust 17 Captain Creek 0 0 ':!a ter very high and muddy.

September lJ Captain Creek 0 0 1:Ia ter clear and normal.

August 17 James Creek 18 0 no evidence of digging, water clear and normal.

September 13 James Creek 0 0 Water clear and normal.

August 17 Fontoneko Cr. 0 0 Water very high and muddy (not flown)

August 25 Fontoneko Cr. 11 1 Fair visibility Tag #J8207 recovered; had been tagged at Site #2 on July 26.

September lJ Fontoneko Cr. 0 1 Water clear and normal, no visible redds.

August 18 J:Iorkill · P..i ver _,t:; 0 Water high and muddy, salmon sighted at top end.

August 31 Morkill River 0 0 Lower end.only covered, water still high, muddy.

August 18 Goat TI.iver 11 0 Water clear and normal, salmon spa.·wning.

August 31 Goat River 0 0 Water clear and normal, lower portion only covered.

August 18 Hilk Hiver 0 0 Clear and normal. Uo evidence of salmon activity •

.August 18 Holmes ~Liver 1 0 Water high and muddy.

August Jl Holmes River 0 0 Clear and normal. Checked from mouth to falls.

August 31 Ra.ush River 0 0 River not flown, too high and riuddy.

j_ugust 18 Nevin Creek 1 0 Water conditions clear anq. normal.

August 18 Slim Creek 44 0 Sighted approx. 5 mi. below Slim Lake~ lower portion of stream very muddy.

Slim Creek 400-500 1 Sighted between Tumuch Lake and 3verett Cr. Peak spawning in progress, Est. nos. ••••• 36 FR.i18Ell RIVL;I-( 130MD, SLlLI:Ol'T SPAWNING GROUirn SURVBYS - 1962

(1) Fraser River and Tributaries above Prince George: (Cont 1d)

Stream Remarks

September 13 Slim Creek 9 0 Poor visibility, redds sighted between Tu.much Lake and L"'verett Creek.

August 25 Torpy River 4 0 ~xtremely poor visibility, covered from Keg Cr. to Walker Creek.

August 25 Keg Creek 0 0 Water clear and normal, entire stream covered.

August Jl Keg Creek 0 0 2 mi. covered by foot, no evidence of salmon visible.

August 29 Bowron River 6 0 ~fa ter high and muddy, covered from 13o·wron Lake to first canyon.

September 1 Bowron River 329 o· Stream covered from lake to Haggen Cr. Wa. ter high but fairly clear, possible peak spawning.

September lJ Bowron River 55 7 Poor visibility, numerous redds visible.

August 29 Haggen Creek 0 0 Water clear and normal, first 3 mi. covered.

August 29 Indianpoint Cr. 0 0 ~1ater muddy first 2 mi. covered.

August 31 Fraser R. at 9 0 Water high and muddy, impossible Tete Jaune to see spawning gravel. Salmon appear spawned out.

August 31 :HcLennen River 0 0 Checked around mouth of Swift Cr.j water high.

August 31 Swift Creek 2 0 Clear and normal sighted below by-way bridge.

September 13 Sali71on River 0 1 4 redds and 1 dead sighted approx. J mi. above Muskeg Cr. confluence.

September 13 IICiuskeg River 0 0 High and muddy. No evidence of salmon.

September 13 Stuart River 45 0 Fair visibility, all salmon appear to be digging,numerous deQd sockeye visible.

September 13 Chilako River 2 0 Fair visibility, ) abandoned redds also seen between Butcher­ fla ts Cr. and Funchaw...... J7 TABLE 4 (Cont'd) FfucSER RIV.:;R BOARD, SALEON SPA'4.ffING GROUND SURVEYS - 1962

(2) ~uesnel River System:

Stream Live Remarks

September 1 Horsefly River 0 0 Fair visibility, covered from town to Quesnel Lake,approx. dozen dead sockeye visible.

September 1 Cariboo River 0 0 See Cariboo Lake section of this report.

September 1 Little River 0 0 Water clear. No salmon visible for J - 4 miles from mouth.

September 17 Quesnel River 0 0 Checked only at Likely. No salmon vi13ible.

(J) and Tributaries:

August Jl .Albreda · Iuver 0 0 Clear but higher than usual.

August Jl Blue River 0 0 Clear and normal, lower 5 mi. covered.

August Jl Finn Creek 5 0 SaL~on spawning. August Jl Raft River 21 0 Clear but fairly high, nll1!1erous sockeye visible.

August Jl Upper W. Thomp- 0 1 Fairly high and glacial. 1 son River. dead approx. 1 mi. below Finn Creek.

August Jl North Thompson R. 0 0 Covered Clearwater to Little Fort. No salmon visible on spa1ming grounds, 4 sockeye sighted.

September 26 North Thompson R. 11 Between and Little Fort, fish spaw-aed out.

September 26 North Thompson R. 6 26 Between Little Fort and Pumping St. Island.

September 26 North Thompson 500 156 Redds Rround Pumping River Zst. St. Island.

September 26 ]forth Thompson R. 260 Between Pumping St. and Clearwater P..iver confluence. 68 Redds all with live Iish on them. eo•oeJ8 T.ABLE 4 FRASER RIV.i!:R BOARD, SALEOlT Sl-'AWNING GROUND SURVEYS - 1962

(3) Worth Thompson River and Tributaries: (Cont'd)

Date Stream Live Dead Remarks

October 7 North Thompson R. 0 47 200-250 Redds around Pumping St. Island above Little Fort.

August 31 Clearwater River 0 0 Clear but high.

September 26 Clearwater River 23 0 From mouth to by-way bridge spawning.

September 26 Clearwater River 2 0 Sighted below Hemp Creek.

September 26 Clearwater River .502 28 Whitehorse Bluf'f Area. Peak spawning just :passed.

September 26 Clearwater River 989 69 Spawning just above Whitehorse Bluff Area.

September 26 Clearwater River 71 0 Salmon sighted at falls near mouth of Hurtle River.

September 26 Clearwater River 4Jl 0 Lower end of Horseshoe Spawning area, salmon appear fresh. Hot actively spawning as yet.

October 7 Clearwater River 1 4 Below by-way bridge, few vacated redds.

October 7 Clearwater River 32 .55 Whitehorse Bluf'f Area, numerous vacated redds.

October 7 Clearwater River 118 20-30 Horseshoe Area, no abundance of vacated redds.

·necember 1-2 Clearwater River 0 0 Horseshoe 1\.rea no.evidence of cohoe spa,ming.

11.ugust 31 Es.hood River 0 0 Clear but higher than usual.

September 26 Ha.hood River 230 2 Peak spawning in this stream.

December 3 Brookfield Cr. 0 0 Clear and low. Temp. 33°

December 3 Le:mie1L"'\: Creek 0 0 2 live and 19 dead coho· sighted. Temp. 34-0 TABLE 5 ••••• 39

Ll!;HGTH-FREQUfilfCY DISTRIBUTIOlTS O:l!"' CFJNOOK iJW SOCKEY.l.'.! SALE01T CAPTUPi.ED BY FISII1.'11IBE1- I962

Length (cm.) Chinook So eke ye Length (cm. ) Chinook 32 1 71 4 JJ 72 7 34 73 7 J5 2 74 5 36 2 75 7 37 76 7 J8 2 77 4 39 6 78 9 40 5 79 3 41 12 80 2 42. 7 81 2 4J 8 82 J 44 6 8J J 45 5 84 7 46 10 85 1 47 6 86 4 48 2 87 9 49 3 88 2 50 4 1 89 2 51 5· 1 90 3 52 6 1 91 4 53 2 3 92 8 54 1 3 93 2 55 6 94 7 56 3 6 95 2 57 1 11 96 2 58 J 24 97 1 59 2 27 98 6 60 6 JO 99 61 4 24 100 1 62 3 20 101 1 63 22 102 3 64 4 20 103 65 3 6 104 66 2 7 105 1 67 4 4 106 68 3 2 107 69 12 1 108 1 70 14 109 110 2 Goe•• .40

TABLl!~ 6 - LE1'TGTH-FREQ,1JENCY DISTRIBUTION OF JUVENILE CIIINOOK SA!J'lON CAPT~iED BY INCLINED PLiiNE FRO!~ :F'RASER RIV:ZR 1 HILE UPSTBEAl·~ FROE SALJ\fON RIVER.

Length (cm. ) (f.) Length (cm.)

2.5 10.0 3 2.6 10.1 2.7 1 10.2 2.8 10. 3 2 2.9 10.4 J.O 1 10.5 1 3.1 1 10.6 J.2 2 10.7 J.J 1 10.8 J.4 1 10.9 J.5 1 ll.O J.6 2 11.1 Sum fx = J26 11.2 f = 10 11.J x = 3.26 cm. 11.4 ll. 1 Sum fx = 10027 Length (cm. 2 (£) f = 118 x = 8.4;27 cm, 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 l 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.0 7.1 l 7.2 3 7.3 2 7.4 7.5 9 7.6 2 7.7 l 7.8 5 7.9 8.0 8.1 7 8.2 J 8.J 7 8.4 6 8.5 26 8.6 4 8.7 7 8.8 5 8.9 l 9.0 9 9.1 1 9.2 2 9.3 1 9.4 1 9 • .5. 9.() t 9.7 1 9.8 9.9 1 TABL~ 7 SUi-.:Jf.;,RY FikSER RIV.t'.;R BOARD SLLEOH SCALE CQLLBCTIOHS, CHIWOOK 1~UD COHO S..'llJ·:lON: 1960-1962

Acetate Sample Number Species Type Size Location Chinook 1 April 20-1-18,y 23 Smalt 50 Fraser R. at 11ission 1961 Co~o 2 }Jay 8-23 II II II 3 April 2-Hay 1.3 Chinook II It II II 4 Eay 1-16 II II II " ti 5 April 17-Hay 19 II II !I II II 6 J.Iay-October Chinook II II II Ii Coho 7 & 8 August-September Chinook Adult 40 Upper Fraser 1961 9 July-August Chinook II 24 Fraser River Fish Wheel II (near Shelley, B. C.) 10 July II II 6 II II 11 11 August-October " 50 Upper Fraser -' Clearwater 12 October " " 34 Clearwater River ii 12A Duplicates of Acetate #12 13 August Chinook Adult 18 Upper Fraser II lJA Duplicates of' Acetate #1.3 · 14 April 14-15 Chinook Smolt 5.0 Clearwater River Ii 15 April'.J6-18 II Ii II fl II 16 April 18-29 II II II n 17 .April 29-Hay 10 II II II 11 Ii 18 Nay 10 II Ii If Clearwater, Spanish Creek 1960-61 Slim Creek 19 July lJ-August 10 II II Clearwater River 1960 20 August-September Ii .9 II Ii 21 August 23 II 5 Fraser R. Seaplane Base II Prince George 22 April ·19 - JO II II 50 Fraser R. at Mission 1962 23 .April 26 - 30 II 50 II 2JA May 3 - 25 II II 35 II . II 24 April JO - I~y 21 II II 50 Fraser R. at Salmon Valley Ii 25 Hay 22 - Ju..-rie 12 II II 42 26 }'.fay 15, October 28 II II 14 Seebach Cr., Cariboo .Lake 11 27 July 11 - 29 II Adult 44 Fraser H. Salmon Valley Fish" Wheel near Shelley, B. Co 28 J~ly 29 - August 2 II II 50 II 29 .August 5 - 9 II II II JO b.ugu.st 12 - 19 II 34 It II Jl July 27 - August 9 II II 9 Seebach Cr. Fence 32 April 28 - August 16 Smolt 16 ~uesnel, Fraser, Slim Lk., II Willow R. 33 August 26 - Sept. 12 ti Adult 28 Upper Fraser - North Thomp- 1960 son II !I .34 ·sept. 12 - 18 37 Piaft ~- II 35 August 4 - Sept. 19 II II 21 Upper Fraser - J.ITorth Thomp- 11 son 36 July 27 - August 4 II 25 Ifouth of ~ficola River 11 37 July 27 - Oct. 13 II 22 Quesnel, Nicola, Clearwater 11 Rivers. TABLE 8 CHililOOK SALMON .SHOLT SCALE CIRCULI COUNTS z0 C+-1 . . . 0 fll s s ~ Q) 0 0 ~ 'ti s:: r-1 C+-1 r-1 0 Q) ell •r-1 § •r-1 +> 0 o~ cu~ r-1 . +> td tO Q) ..p ro +> td 0 Q) aj .µ Qo F-1 HE-! 5 .µ 0 s Q) . ~~s:: fi 0 o. 0 ~1 Ci-! ·r-1 ~ ....:! ~t ·~ z & ~] ~ .2l l 0 0 AJ2.ril-Ha;£ 1261 Fraser River at Nission 1 40 5.5-12.0 8.58 12.80 " fl II II 2 33 7.6-12.0 8.96 lJ.66 It II II Pl 3 35 6.8-9.8 8.41 12.25 II II 11 II 4 J6 4.8-10.2 7.91 11.13 " Ii II II 5 JO 4.7-10.1 8.15 12.06

Total ~lission Sample - 174 4.7-12.0 8.40 12.38 .Hay-October 1960 Clearwater River 6 24 5.5-9.8 7.94 lJ.25 TABLE 2 1nv::.:;H. WAT.Im TEtIPBlw.TUR"U; R~CORDS OBTJ,IN:::::D IN 1962 BY TAYLOR RI<;COPJJERS Cont'd. ~t,.T: FRASER RIVER (Longworth), 1\ECHAKO HIVJ.'.:R (Prince George), AND AT CL:DARWATER IITVER (Outlet of Clearwater fo,ke and at mouth).

NECITAKO HIV.ER AT PRUTCE GEORGE

Date Hax. Hin. Hean 1962 June 4 Recorder installed and operating by 1500 hrs. June 4, 1962 June 5 55.0. 52.50 53. 75 June 6 54.5 52.50 53.50 June 7 56.0 53.50 54.75 June 8 58.0 55.00 56.50 June 9 57:0 54·.50 55.75 June 10 55.5 54.00 54.75 June 11 56.0 53.50 54-. 75 June 12 56.0 53.00 54.50 June 13 57.5 53.00 55.25 June 14 60.0 55.50 57.75 June 15 61.5 58.00 54·. 75 . June 16 62.0 59.50 60.75 June 17 61.5 59.00 60.25 June 18 61.5 58.50 60.00 June 19 61.00 5s.50 59. 75 June 20 61.0 58.00 59.50 June 21 62.5, 59.00 60.75 June 22 62.5 59.00 60.75 June 23 63.00 59.50 61.25 June 24 63.0 60.00 61.50 June 25 64.5 60.50 62.50 June 26 63.5 61.00 62.25 June 27 June 28 61.0 53.50 59. 75 June 29 61.5 5s.50 60.00 June JO 62.0 60.00 61.00 July 1 61.5 60.00 60.75 July 2 60.0 59.00 59.50 J:uly 3 60.00 59.00 59.50 July 4 --r July 5 59.0 57.00 58.00 July 6 61.5 58.00 59. 75 July 7 62.5 60.00 61.25 J1Jly 8 63.5 60.50 62.00 July 9 65.0 62.00 63.50 July 10 61.0 63.50 62.25 July 11 6(,.5 63.50 64.50 July 12 6·!-.0 62.00 63.00 July 13 62.0 61.00 61.50 July 14 62.5 60.50 61.50 July 15 62.0 60.00 61.00 July 16· 62.0 60.00 61.00 July 17 62.0 60.00 61.00 July 18 60.5 60.00 60.25 July 19 60.5 59.50 60.00 July 20 61.5 59.50 60.50 July 21 62.0 59.00 60.50 July 22 64.0 60.00 63.00 July 23 66.0 61.50 63.75 July 24 68.0 63.50 65.75 July 25 69.0 64.00 66.50 July 26 69.5 64.00 66.75 July 27 Hecorder removed...... 44 TABLE 9 H.IVEH. '.J.ii.T.lliR TBHPERLTUIU RECORDS OBTAIN.ED Ilii 1962 :SY 'foYLOR RZCORDJ<.:RS .AT: FR.i;S.SR RIV.CR (Longworth), 1lliCIIAKO HIV8R (Prince George), AND AT CLB~-ff:L..T:::;R RIVER (Outlet of Clear\io.ter Lake and at mouth).

Ffu._S3R RIVBR AT LOHG\lORTH

Date Vax. l·lin. FLean Date Ha.x. Ein. Hean 1962 July 4 45. 42.5 44.25 l'iay 2J Recorder installed at 1230 hrs. July 5 47. 41+.5 45. 75 }iay 24 43.5 43. 43.25 July 6 47.5 44.5 46.00 lfay 25 43. 42. 42.50 July 7 47.5 46. 46.75 Hay 26 42.5 41.5 42.00 July 8 48.5 46.5 47.50 Nay 27 42. 1+1.5 41.75 July 9 47.5 46. 1+6.75 :May 28 42. 40.5 41.25 July 10 47. 45.5 46.25 Hay 29 42.5 41.5 42.00 July 11 45.5 42.5 44.00 Nay 30 42. 41.5 41.75 July 12 to 28 recorder not working. Hay 31 42. 41.5 41.75 July 29 55.5 55. 55.25 July JO 55.' 54.5 54. 75 June 1 42.5 41. 41.75 July 31 56. 54.5 55.25 June 2 42.5 41.5 42.00 June 3 42. 41. 41.50 August l 56.5 55. 55.75 ·June 4 42.5 41. 41.75 .August 2 56. 55.5 55. 75 June 5 44. 42. 4).00 August 3 56. 55.5 55.75 June 6 45. 42.5 43.75 August 4 56. 54.5 55.25 June 7 46. 44.5 45.25 August 5 54. 53.5 53.75 June 8 46. 44.5 45.25 August 6 53. 52.5 52.75 June 9 44. 43. 43.50 August 7 52.5 51.5 52.00 .June 10 43. 42. 42.50 August 8 to 11 recorder not working June 11 L1-4 .. 42. L1-3.oo August 12 54.5 54. 54.25 June 12 44. 42.5 43.25 August 13 54.5 53.5 54.oo June lJ 46. 4J. L~4. 50 August 14 54. 53. 53.50 June 14 47. 44.5 45.75 August 15 53. 52. 52.50 June 15 ·48. 46. 47.00 .August 16 recorder bulb exposed June 16 47. 45.5 46.25 August 17 54.5 53.5 5l1-. 00 June 17 46 .. 45. 45.50 August 18 54.5 54. 54a25 June 18 45. 44. 44.50 August 19 54. 53. 53.50 June 19 45. 44. 44.50 August 20 52.5 52. 52.25 June 20 46. 44. 44.25 .August 21 52. ' 51.5 51.75 June 21 August 22 51.5 51.5 51.00 June 22 45. 43.5 44.75 August 23 51. 50.5 50.75 June 23 45.5 44 44.75 August 24 52. 50 .. 5 51.25 June 24 46. 45.5 45.25 August 25 52. 51.5 51.75 June 25 46.5 45. 45. 75 August 26 51.5 51. 51.25 June 26 45.5 4J. 45.00 August 27 51. 50.5 50. 75 June 27 44. 4J. 43.50 August 28 50. 49.5 49. 75 June 28 4J. 42.5 42.75 August 29 50. 1+9.5 49.75 June 29 44. 42.5 4J.25 .August JO 51.5 50 • 50.75 June JO 45.5 44. 44.75 August Jl recorder bulb exposed. July 1 45.6 45. 45.25 September 1 recorder bulb exposed July 2 45. 44. . 44.50 September 2 53. 52.5 52. 75 July J 44. 43.5 43.75 TABLE 2 RIVJ.<;H \IAT.ISR T.GHPER.ll.TUHE MCORDS OBTAIN.bD IF 1962 BY TAYLOR ID;CORDERS ••••• 45 Cont'd. LT: .F'HASER RIV.GR (Longworth), NECEAKO RIVER (Prince George), Alm AT C1Bii.R1JAT:CR RIV:ZR (Outlet of Clearwater Lake and at mouth).

CLBARWATER RIV'.wt AT OUTLZT OF CLEb.RWATER k_lffi

Date 1-Iax. Ein. Ee an D~:;. te l·Iax. Hin. Ee an 1962 June 6 45.0 44.5 44. 75 .August 10 52.0 49.5 50.75 June 7 44.0 43.5 43.75 August 11 53.3 51.5 52.50 June 8 1+4.0 43.5 43.75 ~-,ugust 12 53 .. 0 50.5 51.75 June 9 43.5 43.0 4-3.25 August 13 53.0 50.5 51.75 June 10 44.5 43.5 44.oo August 14 55.5 .51.5 53.50 June 11 51.0 44·._5 47.75 August 15 .55.0 52.5 53. 75 June 15 44.0 43.5 43.75 .6.ugust 16 52.5 52.0 52.25 June 16 44.5 L1-3.0 43. 75 .Lugust 17 53.0 .51.0 52.00 June 19 44.0 43.0 43.50 August 18 53.0 51.0 52.00 June 20 46.o 43.5 44.75 .Aut,rust 19 53.0 51.5 52.25 June 22 46.5 45.5 46.00 August 20 52.5 51.0 51.75 June 23 46.5 44.5 45.50 August 21 53.5 51.5 51.75 Jm1e 2li- 46.5 45.0 45.75 August 22 53.5 52.0 52.75 June 26 44.o 42.5 4J.25 .August 24 52.5 50.5 51.50 June 27 43.5 42.0 42.75 August 2.5 53.0 50.5 51.75 June 29 43.5 42.0 42. 75 August 26 50.5 49.5 50.00 June JO 4J.5 42.5 43.00 August 27 49.5 49.0 49.25 August 28, _51.0 49.0 50.00 July 1 4J.O 42.0. Li-2.50 August 29 52.0 50.5 51.25 July 2 44.0 42.5 4 3. 25 .August 31 50.5 50.0 50.25 July J 45.0 44.o 44.50 July 4- 46.0 4-4.0 l-1-5. 00 September 1 55.5 50.0 52.75 ·July 7 4J.5 42.0 42.75 September 2 55.0 51.0 5J.OO July 8 43.5 41.5 Li-2. 50 September 4 52.5 50.5 51.50 July 10 45.0 44.0 44.50 September 5 52.5 50.5 51.50 July 11 44.5 44.0 44.25 September 7 54.0 52.5 53.25 July 12 45.0 43.0 44.00 September 9 51.5 49.0 50. 25 July 13 ·45.0 42.5 43.75 September 10 50.5 48.5 49.50 July 14 46.0 44.5 45.25 September 11 51.0 49.0 50.00 July 15 46.0 45.0 45.50 September 12 51.5 49.5 50.50 July 16 45.5 4Li-.5 45.00 September 13 51.0 49.0 50.00 July 17 46.5 45.0 45.75 September 15 51.0 49.0 50.00 July 18 46.5 46.o 4Gi.25 September 16 50.5 L~9. 0 49.75 July 19 . 46.0 45.0 li-5 .50 September 17 51.50 50.0 50.75 July 20 47.0 44.0 Li-5.50 September 18 52.0 50.0 51.00 July 21 47~0 45.5 46.25 September 19 53.0 _50.0 51.50 July 22 46.0 45.0 45.50 September 20 52.5 51.0 51. 75 July 23 45.0 44.o 44.50 September 23 52.5 50.0 51.25 July 24 47.5 45.0 46.25 September 24 52.0 50.0 51.00 July 27 51.5 49.5 50 .. 50 September 25 52.5 51.0 51.75 July 28 53.5 50.0 51.75 September 26 53.0 51.5 52.25 July JO 53.5 50.5 55.20 September 27 52.5 50.5 51.50 July 31 52.5 50.0 51.25 September 29 52.0 50.5 51.25 August 1 54.5 52.0 53.25 September 30 50.5 49.5 50.00 AuGust 2 53.5 52.5 53.00 .o.ugust J 53.0 51.5 52.25 October 1 49.5 L;.9.0 Li-9.25 August 4 53.5 52.0 52.75 October 2 51.0 50.5 50.00 August 5 53.0 51.0 52.00 October 3 51.5 50.5 51.00 August 6 53.0 50.5 51.75 October 4 51.5 50.0 50.75 .n.ugust 7 55.5 51.5 53.50 October 5 50.0 49.5 49.75 Lugu.st 8 si-:-. 5 51.5 53.00 October 6 50.0 49.5 49.75 August 9 October 7 49.5 49.0 49.25 •••• 46 TADLE 2 RIVEit WATBR T.IJ:IiPBRl;.TURI!i ItllJCORDS OBTl\UTED IN 1962 BY TAYLOR RECORDERS Cont 1d AT: FR.11.SER RIVER (Longworth) , NECIUi.KO 11.IVER (Prince George) , J~J:.TD AT. CL.;1.ARWATER RIVER (Outlet of Clearwater Lake and a.t mouth). ·

CLJ~AR','/ATl:lR RIVER .llT HOUTH

Date llax. Nin. Mean ~ ~ ~Iin. I>Iea.n June 9 47.0 4;.o 46.00 August 1 60.0 57.0 ;a.so June lO 47.0 4;.o 46.00 August 2 60.0 ;s.o ;9.00 June ll 46.5 45~0 46.75 August ) 59.0 ;6.; 57.75 June 12 48.o 4;.; 45.75 August 4 57.5 57.5 57.25 June l) 49.0 46.o 47.50 August 5 ;s.o ,56.5 ;7.25 June 14 .51.0 48.5 49.75 August 6 57.; .5,6.0 56.75 June·l; ;o.; 47.5 49.00 · l~ugust 7 .58.0 ss.s 56.75 June 16 ;1.; 48.; ;o.oo August 8 \ ;s.o ;6.0 57.00 June 17 ;1.0 49.0 50.00 Auemst 9 ;6.5 ;;.o SS. '15 June 18 49.5 48.0 48.75 AU(.;'Ust 10 ;7.0 55.0 56.00 June 19 .51.0 48.0 49.50 August 11 5a.o ,?6.0 57.00 June 20 50.5 48.; ti.9.50 August 12 ;a.o 57.0 ;7.50 June 21 ;o.o 48.; 49.25 l~ugust 15 59.0 ;7.; · 5a. 2; June 22 ,51.0 48.5 49.75 August 16 60.0 ,58.0 59.00 June 2) ;2.0 49.5 50.75 Augu.st 17 ;a.; .56.; 57.50 June 24 ;1.5 49.s so.so August 18 59.0 ;6.; 57.75 June 25 51.5 49.5 ;0.75 Aug'1st 19 57.5 ;6.5 ;7.00 June 26 ;1.0 49.0 50.00 August 22 ;7.0 ;;.5 56.2; June 27 49 • .5 48.0 48.7.5 August 2) ;6.; s;.o ;s.75 June 28 ;o.o 48.5· 49.25 August ·24 sa.o 55.0 56.50 June 29 so.; l-1.9. 0 49.75 Augµst 2.5 5a.o 56.0 ;7.00 June )0, 51.0 49.5 50.2; .August 26 57.5 ;;.o ;6.25 Aug:ust 27 56.0 5:;. 0 54.$0 July l 51.0 49.; 50.25 August 28 .5$.0 ;4 •. o ;4.50 July 2 51.5 49.0 50.25 .August· '.30 ;6.0 ;4.0 ;s.oo July ) ;2.; ;o.; 50.2; l~ugust '.31 58.0 56.0 57.00 July 4 ;2.5 52.0 52.2; July 5 ,52.5 52.0 ;2.25 September l_ 57.5 55.5 56.50 July 6 52.; 52.0 ;2.25 September 2 57.5 ;4.0 55.75 July 7 52.5 ;o.o .51.2.5 September :; 5a.5 55.0 .56. 75 July 8 ;4.o 51.0 52.50 September 4 59.0 ;4.; ;6. 75 July 9 55.0 ;2.5 53.7,? September 6 ;9.0 55.·o 57.00 July 10 55.0 52.5 5;.75 September ? 59.5 . ;:;.o 56.25 July ll s; .. ; ;2.s ;4.00 September 8 sa.5 57.0 57.75 ,July 12 ;6.0 ;2.5 ;4.25 September 9 60.0 52.0 ;6.00 July l:; ss.s ;:;.; ;4.;o September 10 ;s.o 52~0 ss.oo July 14 59.0 ;7.0 5a.oo September ll S6.; 51.0 ;;.7; July l.5 54 .. 0 51.0 ;2.;o September 28 .;:;.; 52.; S'.3.00 July 16 ;1.i-.0 52.0 ;;.oo September 29 ;2.; ;2.0 52.2; July 17 s;.s s;.o ;;.2; September )0 S:J.O 52.5 52.7; July 18 ;:;.; ;1.5 52.50 July 19 ;1.0 ;o.o so.so October l ;2.5 51.5 52.00 July 20 S'.h .5 so.; ;2.00 October 2 ;;.oo .52a0 ;2.;o July 21 ;;.o ;2 •.5 s:;. ?5 October :; ;;.; ;:;.o s:;. 2s July 22 ss.s 51.0 ;:;. 2.5 October 4· ;:;.; ;1.0 ;2.2; July 2'.3 S6.S ;4.o 5;.25 October .5 ;1.0 ;0.5 ;0.7; July 24 57.5 55 .. 0 ;;.25 October 6 51.0 so.o so.so July 25 59.0 .5.5 ·.5 ;7. 25 October ? 51.0 ;o.o so.so July 26 ;9.0 55.5 57.25 October 8 49.; 48 • .5 49.00 July 27 ;s.o .5.5. 0 56.50 July 28 59,0 56.0 ;7,50 July 29 '61.0 57.; S9~2S July :30 61.0 ;7 .. 5 59. 2.5 July '.31 60.0 56.5 .58.2.5 TABLE 10 • o o •a 47

FR.1\.S:.. m li'.IVER WA T;~R TBF:PJt;I--f.ATUIIBS OBTAINED Hf 1962, IN DEGREES FATIRENIIBIT, AT INCLINED PLiclTE iJrn FISliVflil.!;~L S11.l-ff'LING JI'l';:;, SEEBACH CRl!]J~K, WILLOW P.IVER Alm SALMON RIVER.

FISHVftlEEL SITE #2 SALHOH VAU,liJY 1962

Date l1Jax. Nin. Mean Date Max. Min. Mean 1962 Nay 6 Present Temp: 40.00 Begin Fishwheel Sampling. May 8 Present Temp: 40.00 July 23 Present Temp: 50.00 July 24 II II 54. 00 May 12 48.0 46.0 47.00 July 25 II II 56.00 May l'.3 48.0 45.0 46.50 I'Iay 14 48.0 46.o 47.00 July 29 Present Temp: 56.00 I"Lay 15 48.0 46.o 47.00 May 16 48."0 48.0 48.00 July Jl 58.0 56.0 57.00 Nay 17 48.0 46.o 47.00 Bay 18 48.0 46.o 47.00 August l 60.0 56.0 58.00 May 19 48.0 46.0 47.00 Nay 20 Lr8.0 45.0 Lr6.50 August 4 60.0 58.0 59.00 }Jay 21 48.0 45.0 46.50 August 5 Present Temp: 56.00 Hay 22 48.0 46.o 47.00 Hay 23 48.0 46.0 47.00 August 9 Present Temp: 52 .. 00 Hay 24 48.0 46.0 47.00 August 10 57.0 52.0 5Lr.50 Hay 25 48.0 45.0 46.50 May 26 48.0 46.o 47.00 August 18 59.0 54.0 56.50 Eay 27 Nay'28 45.0 45.0 45.00 .Eay 29 46.0 45.0 45.50 Hay 30 47.0 44.o 45.50 1'1ay 31 48.0 44 .. 0 46.00 June 1 June 2 47.0 45.0 46.00 June 5 47.0 46.0 46.50 June 7 50.0 48.0 49.00 June 8 50.0 48.0 49.00 June 9 50.0 48.0 49.00 June 10 50.0 47.0 41;3..50 June 11 50.0 47.0 48.50 -June 12 47.0 46.0 46.50 June 13 50.0 48.0 49.00 June 14 49.0 48.0 48.50 June 15 50.0 49.0 49.50 End of Inclined Plane Sampling. ••••• lj.8

TABLE 10 (Cont 1d)

SEEBACH CREEK 1962 S.b.Ll1lON RIVER 1962

Date Hax. }iiiin. Mean Date Hax. ~ Mean Hay 15 46.o 38.0 42.00 !fa.y 17 48.0 46.0 47.00 l·iay 18 48.0 46.0 47.00 May 17 45.0 38.0 41.50 Hay 19 54.o 48.0 51.00 Hay 20 55.0 48.0 51.00 l.fay 20 lj.5. 0 40.0 42.50 Eay 21 53.0 48.0 50.50 Hay 26 Present Temp: 50.00 May 23 53.0 50.0 51.50 Hay 27 50.0 41+. 0 47.00 Nay 21+ 54.o 50.0 52.00 Hay 25 55.0 52.0 58.50

I July 26 Present Temp: 69.00 II t'" July 27 " 63.00 WILLOW RIVER 1962 July 28 67.0 60.0 63.50 July 29 68.0 58.0 63.00 Date Time Present Tem12: July 30 68.0 59.0 63.50 July 31 67.0 6L~.0 65.50 J'.1.fa.y 18 1130 \ 42.00 Hay 19 1100 42.00 nay 21 1030 43.00 li.ugust 1 68.0 63.0 65.50 }'fay 22 1150 43.00 August 2 65.0 '63.0 64.00 Nay 23 1225 43.00 August 3 70.0 60.0 65.00 Hay 21+ 1215 43.00 .August 4 62.0 58.0 60.00 Ea.y 25 1230 43.00 Lay 27 1400 44.00 I - I August 8 Present Temp: 58.00 Ea.y 28 1240 44.oo Hay 29 47.00 August 10 Present Temp : 60.00 August 11 II II 60.50 JHH.l::U IJUIJA'J\.1EL, F.R.s.c. ~JL:F.t · N · ..,. l'JllNTEH AND CONTHOLLEH OF STATJONt.RY