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ARMOR May-June 2006

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ARMOR May-June 2006 The Professional Bulletin of the Armor Branch PB 17-06-3 Editor in Chief Features LTC SHANE E. LEE 7 Armored Operations in Urban Environments: Managing Editor Anomaly or Natural Condition? by Dr. Robert Cameron CHRISTY BOURGEOIS 13 Counterinsurgency Operations in Iraq Commandant by Major Jayson Altieri MG ROBERT M. WILLIAMS 16 Disrupting an Insurgent Bedroom Community: Decentralized Operations in a Terrorist Support Zone by Captain Gregory R. Mitchell ARMOR (ISSN 0004-2420) is published bi- month ly by the U.S. Army Armor Center, 20 More than a Campaign of Platitudes: Effective Information Operations ATTN: ATZK-DAS-A, Building 1109A, 201 6th for the Battalion/Task Force and Company/Team Avenue, Ste 373, Fort Knox, KY 40121-5721. by Captain Greg Tomlin Disclaimer: The information contained in AR- MOR represents the professional opinions of 26 Algeria: Total War the authors and does not necessarily reflect by Eric Chevreuil the official Army or TRADOC position, nor does it change or supersede any information 33 Abrams and the Need for TUSK in the Age of Rapid Urbanization presented in other official Army publications. by Lieutenant Colonel Benjamin M. Harris Official distribution is limited to one copy for 37 Introduction to the Stryker Mobile Gun System each armored brigade headquarters, ar mored cavalry regiment headquarters, armor battal- by Major Jonathan B. Slater ion headquarters, armored cavalry squadron head quarters, reconnaissance squadron head- 41 Improving the Tank Loader’s Station quar ters, armored cavalry troop, armor com- for the Contemporary Operating Environment pany, and motorized brigade headquarters of by Sergeant First Class Vernon P. Prohaska and Captain Joshua M. Keena the United States Army. In addition, Army li- braries, Army and DOD schools, HQ DA and 44 Contemporary Sniper and Observation Post Operations MACOM staff agencies with responsibility for by Sergeant First Class Mathew Donofrio armored, direct fire, ground combat systems, organizations, and the training of personnel 49 Breaking the Paradigm of Crisis Maintenance for such organizations may request two cop ies by Brigadier General Mike Tucker by sending a request to the editor in chief. Authorized Content: ARMOR will print only those materials for which the U.S. Army Armor Departments Center has proponency. That proponen cy in- cludes: all armored, direct-fire ground combat 2 Contacts systems that do not serve primarily as infantry 3 Letters carriers; all weapons used exclusively in these 5 Commander’s Hatch systems or by CMF 19-series enlisted soldiers; 6 Driver’s Seat any miscellaneous items of equipment which 53 From the Boresight Line armor and armored cavalry organizations use exclusively; training for all 19-series officers and for all CMF-19-series enlisted soldiers; and information concerning the training, logis- tics, history, and leadership of armor and ar- mored cavalry units at the brigade/regiment level and below, to include Threat units at those levels. Material may be reprinted, provided credit is given to ARMOR and to the author, except Periodicals Postage paid at Fort Knox, KY, and additional mailing offi ces. Postmaster: Send address changes to Editor, where copyright is indicated. ATTN: ATZK-DAS-A, ARMOR, 201 6th Avenue, Ste 373, Fort Knox, KY 40121-5721. Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. May-June 2006, Vol. CXV, No. 3 USPS 467-970 “From My Position...” “To make war without a thorough knowledge of the history of ation. Some of our readers will be quick to point out that one ex- war is on a par with the casualness of a doctor who prescribes ample or another is invalid for geographical, cultural, political, or medicine without taking the trouble to study the history of the military reasons, but to simply dismiss them without a deeper ex- case he is treating.” amination of the relevant issues would be a missed opportunity. Captain Basil Liddell Hart, Thoughts on War, 1944 The uneven application of historical lessons learned, however, is not limited to counterinsurgency operations. In the current war, The cover of this edition of ARMOR might strike you as a bit odd. the Armor force has once again found itself heavily engaged in The top half of the picture may appear somewhat familiar, but hostile urban environments. The U.S. Army, and the Armor force then again, there is something not quite right. The vehicle shown in particular, has extensive experience fighting in built-up areas. might be American, but the soldiers certainly look foreign. The Unfortunately, in previous eras, we have demonstrated a tenden- scene could be somewhere in the Middle East, but at first glance, cy to de-emphasize the fundamentals of mounted operations in you may not be able to place the location. In fact, the scene de- urbanized terrain (MOUT) as the immediate threat diminished picted is from the Algerian conflict of the 1950s. In that war, the over time. Dr. Robert Cameron, the Armor branch historian, doc- French army, fresh from its experiences in Vietnam, found itself uments this cycle, which is not unique to our Army, and strongly once again fighting a very determined insurgency. This time, urges us to take this opportunity to ensure that the difficult les- however, it was not fighting in some far-flung colonial outpost. sons we are learning today are not forgotten tomorrow. Algeria, to most Frenchmen at the time, was not simply a colony Besides the articles discussed above, you will also find other ar- of France — it was France. ticles that are both interesting and useful. Every once in a while, For the French army fighting in Algeria, the stakes of this conflict soldiers have asked me why we don’t publish more articles writ- were very high indeed. They could not afford to fail. Many of the ten by NCOs and junior soldiers. The main reason is that we key leaders fighting this war had learned valuable lessons about rarely receive these kinds of articles. For those of you who have fighting insurgencies in the jungles of Vietnam and they suc- waited patiently for NCO-developed articles, we have two of cessfully applied those lessons in a completely different environ- them in this issue that are either authored or co-authored by ment. Ultimately, however, battlefield success did not lead to po- NCOs. We have a variety of other authors represented who have litical victory. written about both operational-level topics and very practical ar- ticles written about team-level topics. We even have an article As with any other worthwhile endeavor, we can learn equally on a subject we haven’t discussed much lately: maintenance. good lessons from both success and failure if we apply those Brigadier General Mike Tucker provides us with some very im- lessons in the proper context. In previous issues of this publica- portant insights taken from his years of experience maintaining tion, we discussed the British experience in Malaya and our own armored vehicles for combat. experience with irregular warfare on the Great Plains. In this is- sue, Eric Chevreuil introduces us to yet another historical exam- In short, this edition of ARMOR has something for everyone. ple of irregular warfare to generate informed discussion on coun- Since you will receive this issue during or just after the 2006 terinsurgency operations. Today’s war in Iraq, as implied by the Armor Warfighting Symposium, please keep us in mind as you cover art, shares many striking similarities with the nearly forgot- refine your ideas on warfighting and the future of the Armor ten conflict in Algeria. In none of the examples above, however, force. will you find a magic template that can be applied to any situ- S.E. LEE By Order of the Secretary of the Army: Official: JOYCE E. MORROW PETER J. SCHOOMAKER Administrative Assistant to the General, United States Army Secretary of the Army Chief of Staff 0606703 DSN prefi x – 464- Points of Contact Commercial prefi x– (502) 624- ARMOR Editorial Offi ces U.S. Army Armor Center Editor in Chief Commanding General (ATZK-CG) LTC Shane E. Lee 4087 MG Robert M. Williams 2121 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Managing Editor Deputy Commanding General (ATZK-DCG) Christy Bourgeois 4582 BG Albert Bryant Jr. 7555 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Editor Chief of Staff (ATZK-CS) Vivian Oertle 2610 COL Russell Gold 1101 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Art Director Command Sergeant Major (ATZK-CSM) Mr. Jody Harmon 3923 CSM Otis Smith 4952 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Editorial Assistant Command Sergeant Major to DCG (ATZK-DCG-CSM) Kathy A. Johnson 2249 CSM Joseph P. Zettlemoyer 7091 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Special Assistant to the CG (ARNG) (ATZK-SA) COL Marlin Levendoski 1315 ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS: To improve speed and accuracy in edit- E-mail: [email protected] ing, manuscripts should be originals or clear copies, either typed or print- ed out double-spaced, with a 3½-inch disk in Microsoft Word, Rich Text Directorate of Training, Doctrine, and Combat Development Format, or ASCII (please indicate wordprocessing format on disk or COL Richard G. Piscal (ATZK-TD) cover letter). Tape captions to any illustrations or photos submitted. Ad- E-mail: [email protected] 8247 ditionally, we accept articles as e-mail or attachments at: TRADOC System Manager for Abrams (ATZK-TS) [email protected] COL John M. Shay 7955 When sending articles via e-mail, please include a complete mailing ad- E-mail: [email protected] dress and daytime phone number.
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