DOCSLIB.ORG

Surface Water Treatment Rule Turbidity Guidance Manual

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Surface Water Treatment Rule Turbidity Guidance Manual Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Surface Water Treatment Rules: Turbidity Provisions Office of Water (4606M) EPA 815-R-20-004 June 2020 Disclaimer This document provides guidance to states, tribes, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) exercising primary enforcement responsibility under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) and contains EPA’s policy recommendations for complying with the suite of Surface Water Treatment Rules (SWTR). Throughout this document, the terms “state” and “states” are used to refer to all types of primacy agencies including states, U.S. territories, Indian tribes, and EPA. The statutory provisions and EPA regulations described in this document contain legally binding requirements. This document is not a regulation itself, nor does it change or substitute for those provisions and regulations. Thus, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, or the regulated community. This guidance does not confer legal rights or impose legal obligations upon any member of the public. While EPA has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the discussion in this guidance, the obligations of the regulated community are determined by statutes, regulations, or other legally binding requirements. In the event of a conflict between the discussion in this document and any statute or regulation, this document would not be controlling. The general description provided here may not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances. Interested parties are free to raise questions and objections about the substance of this guidance and the appropriateness of the application of this guidance to a particular situation. EPA and other decision makers retain the discretion to adopt approaches on a case-by-case basis that differ from those described in this guidance, where appropriate. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for their use. This is a living document and may be revised periodically without public notice. EPA welcomes public input on this document at any time. This Page Intentionally Left Blank Contents CHAPTER 1 – Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose of Document .................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Overview of Suite of Surface Water Treatment Rules (SWTRs) ................................................. 1 1.3 Other Applicable Rules ................................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Summary of Chapters and Appendices ......................................................................................... 5 1.5 References ..................................................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 2 – Turbidity Requirements ................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Performance Standards and Monitoring Requirements ................................................................ 8 2.2.1 CFE Requirements ................................................................................................................ 8 2.2.2 Special Provisions for PWSs that Use Lime Softening....................................................... 16 2.2.3 IFE Turbidity Requirements ............................................................................................... 16 2.2.4 LT2ESWTR Toolbox Options ............................................................................................ 21 2.3 Reporting and Recordkeeping ..................................................................................................... 24 2.3.1 CFE Reporting .................................................................................................................... 24 2.3.2 IFE Reporting ...................................................................................................................... 24 2.3.3 LT2ESWTR Toolbox Reporting Requirements .................................................................. 25 2.3.4 Recordkeeping Requirements ............................................................................................. 26 2.4 Additional Compliance Issues .................................................................................................... 26 2.4.1 Individual Filter Follow-up Actions.................................................................................... 27 2.4.2 Notification ......................................................................................................................... 28 2.5 References ................................................................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER 3 – Turbidity Methods & Measurement ............................................................................ 33 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 33 3.2 Approved Turbidity Methods...................................................................................................... 33 3.2.1 EPA Method 180.1 .............................................................................................................. 33 3.2.2 Standard Method 2130B ..................................................................................................... 33 3.2.3 Great Lakes Instrument Method 2 (GLI 2) ......................................................................... 33 3.2.4 Hach FilterTrak Method 10133 ........................................................................................... 34 3.3 Turbidimeters .............................................................................................................................. 34 3.3.1 Bench Top Turbidimeters ................................................................................................... 34 3.3.2 Continuous Turbidimeters ................................................................................................... 36 3.4 Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) ............................................................................. 38 3.4.1 QA Organization and Responsibilities ................................................................................ 38 3.4.2 QA Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 38 3.4.3 SOPs .................................................................................................................................... 38 3.4.4 Sampling Strategy and Procedures...................................................................................... 40 3.4.5 Calibration and Verification ................................................................................................ 43 3.4.6 Data Screening and Reporting ............................................................................................ 46 3.4.7 Performance and System Audits ......................................................................................... 46 3.4.8 Preventative Maintenance ................................................................................................... 46 3.5 Data Collection and Management ............................................................................................... 47 3.5.1 Data Collection Methods .................................................................................................... 47 3.5.2 Data Management ............................................................................................................... 48 3.6 References ................................................................................................................................... 49 Guidance Manual for Compliance with the i Surface Water Treatment Rules: Turbidity Provisions CHAPTER 4 – Treatment Optimization ............................................................................................... 52 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 52 4.2 Tools Available for Optimization ............................................................................................... 52 4.2.1 Composite Correction Program Approach .......................................................................... 53 4.2.2 Area-Wide Optimization Program (AWOP) ....................................................................... 53 4.3 Evaluating System Processes ...................................................................................................... 56 4.3.1 Coagulation/Rapid Mixing .................................................................................................. 56 4.3.2 Flocculation ......................................................................................................................... 59 4.3.3 Sedimentation ..................................................................................................................... 61 4.3.4 Filtration .............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Guidance Manual
    September 2002 RG-379 (Revised) Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Guidance Manual Water Supply Division printed on recycled paper TEXAS COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Guidance Manual Prepared by Water Supply Division RG-379 (Revised) September 2002 Robert J. Huston, Chairman R. B. “Ralph” Marquez, Commissioner Kathleen Hartnett White, Commissioner Jeffrey A. Saitas, Executive Director Authorization to use or reproduce any original material contained in this publication—that is, not obtained from other sources—is freely granted. The commission would appreciate acknowledgment. Copies of this publication are available for public use through the Texas State Library, other state depository libraries, and the TCEQ Library, in compli- ance with state depository law. For more information on TCEQ publications call 512/239-0028 or visit our Web site at: www.tceq.state.tx.us/publications Published and distributed by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality PO Box 13087 Austin TX 78711-3087 The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality was formerly called the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission. The TCEQ is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. The agency does not allow discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, disability, age, sexual orientation or veteran status. In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, this document may be requested in alternate formats by contacting the TCEQ at 512/239-0028, Fax 239-4488, or 1-800-RELAY-TX (TDD), or by writing
    [Show full text]
  • Managing Storm Water Runoff to Prevent Contamination of Drinking Water
    United States Office of Water EPA 816-F-01-020 Environmental Protection (4606) July 2001 Agency Source Water Protection Practices Bulletin Managing Storm Water Runoff to Prevent Contamination of Drinking Water Storm water runoff is rain or snow melt that flows off the land, from streets, roof tops, and lawns. The runoff carries sediment and contaminants with it to a surface water body or infiltrates through the soil to ground water. This fact sheet focuses on the management of runoff in urban environments; other fact sheets address management measures for other specific sources, such as pesticides, animal feeding operations, and vehicle washing. SOURCES OF STORM WATER RUNOFF Urban and suburban areas are predominated by impervious cover including pavements on roads, sidewalks, and parking lots; rooftops of buildings and other structures; and impaired pervious surfaces (compacted soils) such as dirt parking lots, walking paths, baseball fields and suburban lawns. During storms, rainwater flows across these impervious surfaces, mobilizing contaminants, and transporting them to water bodies. All of the activities that take place in urban and suburban areas contribute to the pollutant load of storm water runoff. Oil, gasoline, and automotive fluids drip from vehicles onto roads and parking lots. Storm water runoff from shopping malls and retail centers also contains hydrocarbons from automobiles. Landscaping by homeowners, around businesses, and on public grounds contributes sediments, pesticides, fertilizers, and nutrients to runoff. Construction of roads and buildings is another large contributor of sediment loads to waterways. In addition, any uncovered materials such as improperly stored hazardous substances (e.g., household Parking lot runoff cleaners, pool chemicals, or lawn care products), pet and wildlife wastes, and litter can be carried in runoff to streams or ground water.
    [Show full text]
  • Electrocoagulation Pretreatment for Microfiltration: an Innovative Combination to Enhance Water Quality and Reduce Fouling in Integrated Membrane Systems
    Desalination and Water Purification Research and Development Report No. 139 Electrocoagulation Pretreatment for Microfiltration: An Innovative Combination to Enhance Water Quality and Reduce Fouling in Integrated Membrane Systems University of Houston U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado September 2007 Form Approved REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE OMB No. 0704-0188 The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 2. REPORT TYPE 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) Final September 2007 October 2005 – September 2007 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER Electrocoagulation Pretreatment for Microfiltration: An Innovative Combination Agreement No. 05-FC-81-1172 to Enhance Water Quality and Reduce Fouling in Integrated Membrane Systems 5b. GRANT NUMBER 5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER 6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER Shankar Chellam, Principal Investigator Dennis A.
    [Show full text]
  • Safe Use of Wastewater in Agriculture: Good Practice Examples
    SAFE USE OF WASTEWATER IN AGRICULTURE: GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES Hiroshan Hettiarachchi Reza Ardakanian, Editors SAFE USE OF WASTEWATER IN AGRICULTURE: GOOD PRACTICE EXAMPLES Hiroshan Hettiarachchi Reza Ardakanian, Editors PREFACE Population growth, rapid urbanisation, more water intense consumption patterns and climate change are intensifying the pressure on freshwater resources. The increasing scarcity of water, combined with other factors such as energy and fertilizers, is driving millions of farmers and other entrepreneurs to make use of wastewater. Wastewater reuse is an excellent example that naturally explains the importance of integrated management of water, soil and waste, which we define as the Nexus While the information in this book are generally believed to be true and accurate at the approach. The process begins in the waste sector, but the selection of date of publication, the editors and the publisher cannot accept any legal responsibility for the correct management model can make it relevant and important to any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, expressed or the water and soil as well. Over 20 million hectares of land are currently implied, with respect to the material contained herein. known to be irrigated with wastewater. This is interesting, but the The opinions expressed in this book are those of the Case Authors. Their inclusion in this alarming fact is that a greater percentage of this practice is not based book does not imply endorsement by the United Nations University. on any scientific criterion that ensures the “safe use” of wastewater. In order to address the technical, institutional, and policy challenges of safe water reuse, developing countries and countries in transition need clear institutional arrangements and more skilled human resources, United Nations University Institute for Integrated with a sound understanding of the opportunities and potential risks of Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources wastewater use.
    [Show full text]
  • Sedimentation and Clarification Sedimentation Is the Next Step in Conventional Filtration Plants
    Sedimentation and Clarification Sedimentation is the next step in conventional filtration plants. (Direct filtration plants omit this step.) The purpose of sedimentation is to enhance the filtration process by removing particulates. Sedimentation is the process by which suspended particles are removed from the water by means of gravity or separation. In the sedimentation process, the water passes through a relatively quiet and still basin. In these conditions, the floc particles settle to the bottom of the basin, while “clear” water passes out of the basin over an effluent baffle or weir. Figure 7-5 illustrates a typical rectangular sedimentation basin. The solids collect on the basin bottom and are removed by a mechanical “sludge collection” device. As shown in Figure 7-6, the sludge collection device scrapes the solids (sludge) to a collection point within the basin from which it is pumped to disposal or to a sludge treatment process. Sedimentation involves one or more basins, called “clarifiers.” Clarifiers are relatively large open tanks that are either circular or rectangular in shape. In properly designed clarifiers, the velocity of the water is reduced so that gravity is the predominant force acting on the water/solids suspension. The key factor in this process is speed. The rate at which a floc particle drops out of the water has to be faster than the rate at which the water flows from the tank’s inlet or slow mix end to its outlet or filtration end. The difference in specific gravity between the water and the particles causes the particles to settle to the bottom of the basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Engineering a Model of the Earth As a Water Filter by Jonathon Kilpatrick, Nanette Marcum-Dietrich, John Wallace, and Carolyn Staudt
    Copyright © 2018, National Science Teachers Association (NSTA). Reprinted with permission from Science and Children, Vol. 56, No. 3, October 2018. Engineering a Model of the Earth as a Water Filter By Jonathon Kilpatrick, Nanette Marcum-Dietrich, John Wallace, and Carolyn Staudt eaching students about the wa- from groundwater. Most is supplied smaller pieces lower down,” offered ter cycle is a staple of elemen- through public drinking water sys- one student. Another replied, “A lot of Ttary science instruction. When tems. But over 15 million families rely sand is mixing with the water though, asked to describe the water cycle, most on private, household wells and use and now it looks really dirty. Maybe students can quickly recite the contin- groundwater as their source of fresh sand should go first.” These conversa- ual cyclical process of condensation, water” (EPA 2016). Noting the im- tions continued throughout the design precipitation, and evaporation. But portance of infiltration in the water process. this simple definition misses the es- cycle and in the supply of essential By the end of the session, the stu- sential process of infiltration. Ground- groundwater led us to develop an engi- dents had constructed three filters. water and the process of infiltration, neering activity in which students are Two of them were stackable filters which cleans that water, are vital to our challenged to build a stackable filter with the water passing in turn through survival, but they are also hidden from using the Earth process of infiltration different layers and materials. The view and too often absent from our sci- as a model.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sport Berkey Portable Water Purifier – Generic Version
    ® The Sport Berkey Portable Water Purifier – Generic Version Sport Berkey® The Portable Water Purifier is the ideal personal protection traveling companion — featuring the IONIC ADSORPTION MICRO FILTRATION SYSTEM. The theory behind this innovation is simple. The bottle’s filter is designed to remove and/or dramatically reduce a vast array of health-threatening contaminants from questionable sources of water, including remote lakes and streams, stagnant ponds and water supplies in foreign countries where regulations may be sub standard, at best. Sport Berkey® The Portable Water Purifier Utilizes IONIC ADSORPTION MICRO FILTRATION This advanced technology was developed, refined, and proven through diligent, investigative research and testing performed by water purification specialists, researchers and engineers. The media within the filter element removes contaminants by a surface phenomenon known as “adsorption” which results from the molecular attraction of substances to the surface of the media. As the bottle is pressed, the source water is forced through the filter. The quality and volume of media used, determine the rate of adsorption. The flow rate or time of exposure through the filter has been calculated to yield the greatest volume removal of toxic chemicals caused by pollution from industry Sport Berkey® and agriculture. This exclusive filter also incorporates proprietary absorbing The Portable media that are impregnated into the micro-porous filter for the IONIC Water Purifier eliminates or absorption of pollutants into the filter such as aluminum, cadmium, reduces up to 99.9% of: chromium, copper, lead, mercury, and other dangerous heavy metals. • Harmful microscopic pathogens: The “Tortuous Path” structure of these pores gives it its unique E-coli (>99.99999%), Cryptosporidium, Sport Berkey® Giardia and other pathogenic bacteria.
    [Show full text]
  • Microfiltration of Cutting-Oil Emulsions Enhanced by Electrocoagulation
    This article was downloaded by: [Faculty of Chemical Eng & Tech], [Krešimir Košutić] On: 30 April 2015, At: 03:13 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Desalination and Water Treatment Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tdwt20 Microfiltration of cutting-oil emulsions enhanced by electrocoagulation b a a b Janja Križan Milić , Emil Dražević , Krešimir Košutić & Marjana Simonič a Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Tel. +385 1 459 7240 b Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory for Water Treatment, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia Published online: 30 Apr 2015. Click for updates To cite this article: Janja Križan Milić, Emil Dražević, Krešimir Košutić & Marjana Simonič (2015): Microfiltration of cutting-oil emulsions enhanced by electrocoagulation, Desalination and Water Treatment, DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1042067 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1042067 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis.
    [Show full text]
  • Recommended Standards for Water Works 2007 Edition
    Recommended Standards for Water Works 2007 Edition Policies for the Review and Approval of Plans and Specifications for Public Water Supplies A Report of the Water Supply Committee of the Great Lakes--Upper Mississippi River Board of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers MEMBER STATES AND PROVINCE Illinois Indiana Iowa Michigan Minnesota Missouri New York Ohio Ontario Pennsylvania Wisconsin Published by: Health Research Inc., Health Education Services Division, P.O. Box 7126, Albany, NY 12224 (518)439-7286 www.hes.org Copyright © 2007 by the Great Lakes - Upper Mississippi River Board of State and Provincial Public Health and Environmental Managers This book, or portions thereof, may be reproduced without permission from the author if proper credit is given. TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD POLICY STATEMENT ON PRE-ENGINEERED WATER TREATMENT PLANTS POLICY STATEMENT ON AUTOMATED/UNATTENDED OPERATION OF SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS POLICY STATEMENT ON BAG AND CARTRIDGE FILTERS FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES POLICY STATEMENT ON ULTRA VIOLET LIGHT FOR TREATMENT OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES POLICY STATEMENT ON INFRASTRUCTURE SECURITY FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES POLICY STATEMENT ON ARSENIC REMOVAL INTERIM STANDARD - NITRATE REMOVAL USING SULFATE SELECTIVE ANION EXCHANGE RESIN INTERIM STANDARD - USE OF CHLORAMINE DISINFECTANT FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES INTERIM STANDARD ON MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES FOR PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES PART 1 - SUBMISSION OF PLANS 1.0 GENERAL 1.1 ENGINEER’S REPORT 1.1.1 General Information 1.1.2 Extent of water works
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear Power Plant Organization and Staffing for Lessons Learned
    IAEA-TECDOC-1052 minium XA9848504 Nuclear power plant organization staffingand for improved performance: lessons learned INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY fl/U Lr\^ The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Nuclear Power Engineering Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria NUCLEAR POWER PLANT ORGANIZATION AND STAFFING FOR IMPROVED PERFORMANCE: LESSONS LEARNED IAEA, VIENNA, 1998 IAEA-TECDOC-1052 ISSN 1011-4289 ©IAEA, 1998 Printe IAEe th AustriAn y i d b a November 1998 The IAEA does not normally maintain stocks of reports in this series. However, microfiche copies of these reports can be obtained from INIS Clearinghouse International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramerstrasse5 0 10 P.Ox Bo . A-1400 Vienna, Austria Orders shoul accompaniee db prepaymeny db f Austriao t n Schillings 100, fore for e chequa th f mth IAEmf o n i n o i r eAo microfiche service coupons which may be ordered separately from the INIS Clearinghouse. FOREWORD Experience from well operated nuclear power plants (NPPs) aroun worle dth d indicates that an organizational structure that effectively supports plant operation s i essentias n i l economically achieving high level f safet so operationa d yan l performance same th t e A .time , in many Member States, energy market e beinar s g opene o competitiont d n i s i t I . consideration of this new competitive energy market that this publication focuses on organization and staffing of NPPs to improve efficiency and effectiveness. This publication is primarily intended for senior NPP and utility managers.
    [Show full text]
  • 2.2 Sewage Sludge Incineration
    2.2 Sewage Sludge Incineration There are approximately 170 sewage sludge incineration (SSI) plants in operation in the United States. Three main types of incinerators are used: multiple hearth, fluidized bed, and electric infrared. Some sludge is co-fired with municipal solid waste in combustors based on refuse combustion technology (see Section 2.1). Refuse co-fired with sludge in combustors based on sludge incinerating technology is limited to multiple hearth incinerators only. Over 80 percent of the identified operating sludge incinerators are of the multiple hearth design. About 15 percent are fluidized bed combustors and 3 percent are electric. The remaining combustors co-fire refuse with sludge. Most sludge incinerators are located in the Eastern United States, though there are a significant number on the West Coast. New York has the largest number of facilities with 33. Pennsylvania and Michigan have the next-largest numbers of facilities with 21 and 19 sites, respectively. Sewage sludge incinerator emissions are currently regulated under 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart O and 40 CFR Part 61, Subparts C and E. Subpart O in Part 60 establishes a New Source Performance Standard for particulate matter. Subparts C and E of Part 61--National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)--establish emission limits for beryllium and mercury, respectively. In 1989, technical standards for the use and disposal of sewage sludge were proposed as 40 CFR Part 503, under authority of Section 405 of the Clean Water Act. Subpart G of this proposed Part 503 proposes to establish national emission limits for arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, nickel, and total hydrocarbons from sewage sludge incinerators.
    [Show full text]
  • 038 12 Conduct of Operations
    TMI-1 UFSAR CHAPTER 12 – CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION TITLE 12.0 CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS 12.1 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE 12.1.1 OFFSITE ORGANIZATION 12.1.2 OPERATING ORGANIZATION 12.1.2.1 PLANT DIVISION 12.1.2.1.1 OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.1.2 MAINTENANCE DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.1.3 WORK MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.1.4 RADIOLOGICAL HEALTH AND SAFETY DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.1.5 CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.2 SECURITY DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.3 SITE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.3.1 PLANT ENGINEERING SECTION 12.1.2.3.2 DESIGN ENGINEERING SECTION 12.1.2.3.3 PROGRAMS SECTION 12.1.2.4 TRAINING DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.5 BUSINESS OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.6 REGULATORY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT 12.1.2.7 MANAGER – HUMAN RESOURCES 12.1.2.8 PROJECT MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT 12.1.3 QUALIFICATION OF NUCLEAR PLANT PERSONNEL 12.1.4 SAFETY REVIEWS 12.2 TRAINING 12.2.1 TRAINING PROGRAMS 12.2.2 TECHNICAL TRAINING 12.2.2.1 MAINTENANCE TRAINING 12.2.2.2 RADIOLOGICAL CONTROLS/CHEMISTRY TRAINING PROGRAMS 12.2.3 OPERATIONS TRAINING 12.2.3.1 REPLACEMENT OPERATOR TRAINING PROGRAM (AO/CRO/SRO) 12.2.3.2 LICENSED OPERATOR REQUALIFICATION TRAINING PROGRAM (CRO/SRO) 12.2.3.3 SHIFT TECHNICAL ADVISOR (STA) TRAINING PROGRAM 12.2.3.4 AUXILIARY OPERATOR (AO) REQUALIFICATION TRAINING PROGRAM 12.2.4 TRAINING SUPPORT 12.2.4.1 GENERAL EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAMS 12.2.4.2 FIRE PROTECTION TRAINING PROGRAM 12.2.4.3 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS TRAINING PROGRAMS 12.2.4.4 NOT USED 12.2.5 ENGINEERING SUPPORT PERSONNEL (ESP)TRAINING PROGRAM 12.2.6 TRAINING RECORDS CHAPTER 12 12-i REV.
    [Show full text]