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Studi Kasus : Lapangan Merdeka Medan) PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS : LAPANGAN MERDEKA MEDAN) TESIS OLEH FRIZA KINANTI RAMBE 187020006 / AR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS : LAPANGAN MERDEKA MEDAN) TESIS Untuk memperoleh Gelar Magister Teknik Dalam Program Studi Teknik Arsitektur Pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara OLEH FRIZA KINANTI RAMBE 187020006 / AR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2021 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA PERNYATAAN PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS : LAPANGAN MERDEKA MEDAN) TESIS Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam tesis ini tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatu perguruan tinggi, dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka. Medan, 31 Maret 2021 (Friza Kinanti Rambe) UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA JUDUL TESIS : PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS : LAPANGAN MERDEKA MEDAN) NAMA MAHASISWA : FRIZA KINANTI RAMBE NIM : 187020006 PROGRAM STUDI : TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR BIDANG KEKHUSUSAN : MANAJEMEN PEMBANGUNAN KOTA Menyetujui Komisi Pembimbing, (Dr. Achmad Delianur Nasution,ST,MT,IAI,AA) (Dr. Imam Faisal Pane,ST,MT,IPM) Ketua Anggota Ketua Program Studi, Dekan, (Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc, PhD, IPM) (Ir. Seri Maulina, M.Si., Ph.D) Tanggal Lulus : 31 Maret 2021 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Telah Di Uji Pada : 2021 Panitia Penguji Tesis Ketua Komisi Penguji : Dr. Achmad Delianur Nasution,ST,MT,IAI,AA Anggota Komisi Penguji : 1. Dr. Imam Faisal Pane,ST,MT,IPM 2. Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc, PhD, IPM 3. Dr. Ir. Dwira Nirfalini Aulia M.Sc, PhD, IPM 4. Amy Marisa, ST, M.Sc, PhD UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Ruang terbuka publik di pusat kota adalah ruang milik bersama, tempat masyarakat melakukan aktivitas fungsional dalam suatu ikatan komunitas, baik kehidupan sehari-hari maupun kesempatan khusus. Ruang terbuka memiliki beberapa kriteria yaitu dapat memberikan arti bagi masyarakat, dapat mengkomodasi kebutuhan dan kegiatan pengguna, serta dapat menerima kehadiran berbagai lapisan masyarakat tanpa diskriminasi.Sejalan dengan pesatnya laju pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sosial penyebabkan pola penggunaan dan kebutuhan masyarakat akan ruang terbuka publik mengalami perubahan. Perubahan pemanfaatan dan fisik ruang terbuka publik memberi pengaruh pada persepsi masyarakat. Persepsi masyarakat dipengaruhi beberapa faktor seperti latar belakang sosial budaya, sejarah, serta fisik tempat. Salah satu ruang terbuka publik di pusat kota yang telah mengalami perubahan pemanfaatan dan fisik adalah Lapangan Merdeka Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi masyarakat terhadap perubahan bentuk fisik dan pemanfaatan ruang pada Lapangan Merdeka Medan. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang akan dilakukan dengan observasi, pembagian kuesioner dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa untuk menghasilkan temuan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan persepsi masyarakat yang dipengaruhi perubahan fisik Lapangan Merdeka Medan, kemudian menghasilkan pula kesimpulan dan saran perlu dilakukan penataan ulang atribut fisik Lapangan Merdeka serta edukasi kepada masyarakat agar dapat mengembalikan apresiasi masyarakat terhadap nilai sejarah lapangan Merdeka Medan . Kata Kunci : Persepsi Masyarakat, Ruang Terbuka Publik, Lapangan Merdeka Medan i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT Public open spaces in the city center are co-owned spaces, where people perform functional activities in a community bond, both daily life and special occasions. Open space has several criteria that can provide meaning for the community, can accommodate the needs and activities of users, and can accept the presence of various levels of society without discrimination. In line with the rapid pace of economic and social growth causes the pattern of use and the need for public open space to change. Changes in the utilization and physicality of public open spaces influence public perception. People's perception is influenced by several factors such as socio-cultural background, history, and physical place. One of the public open spaces in the city center that has changed utilization and physical is Lapangan Merdeka Medan. This research aims to find out people's perception of changes in physical form and utilization of space in Lapangan Merdeka Medan. The research method used in this study is a qualitative and quantitative method that will be done by observation, questionnaire distribution, and interview. The data obtained were then analyzed to produce findings that there has been a change in public perception influenced by physical changes in Lapangan Merdeka Medan, then also produced conclusions and suggestions need to be reorganized physical attributes of Merdeka Square and education to the community to restore public appreciation to the historical value of Merdeka Medan field. Keywords: Community Perception, Public Open Space, Medan Merdeka Square ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Bissmillahirrahmanirrahim. Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT, karena atas segala rahmat dan hidayah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan penulisan tesis ini tanpa suatu hambatan berarti. Adapun tesis yang berjudul “PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG TERBUKA PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS : LAPANGAN MERDEKA MEDAN)” disusun sebagai persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Teknik dalam Program Studi Teknik Arsitektur jurusan Manajemen Pembangunan Kota pada Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sumatera Utara. Dengan ini pula, perkenankanlah penulis mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Ketua dan sekretaris Program studi Magister Teknik Arsitektur Universitas Sumatera Utara serta sekretaris Program studi Magister Teknik Arsitektur. Terimakasih kepada Pembimbing I, bapak Dr. Achmad Delianur nasution, ST, MT, IAI, AA dan Pembimbing II, bapak Dr. Imam Faisal Pane, ST, MT, IPM serta kepada dosen penguji, Ibu Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc, PhD, IPM, Ibu Dr. Ir. Dwira Nirfalini, MSc, serta Ibu Amy Marisa, ST., M.Sc., PhD, yang telah banyak memberikan masukan, arahan serta ikut membantu dalam penyusunan hasil laporan penelitian hingga selesai pada waktu yang telah ditetapkan. Serta ucapan terimakasih saya ucapkan kepada Bapak/ibu Dosen civitas akademika yang ada di Program Magister Teknik Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara yang memberikan pembekalan ilmu arsitektur, khususnya pada bidang Manajemen Pembangunan Kota. iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Terimakasih sebesar-besarnya saya ucapkan kepada orang tua saya, Ibu Siti Zahara Sembiring Meliala, Bapak (Alm) Kol. (Purn) Banua Ispensyah Rambe, MM, MBA, dan Bapak Brigjen. (Purn) Mochammad Ali Imran Siregar, MM, serta ketiga abang saya, Drs. Muhammad Rizaldi Rambe, Ir. Jefrizal Leonard Rambe, MM, dan Ir. Afriansyah Rambe, MM, kakak ipar saya Ir. Candra Priwasningrum, dan keponakan-keponakan, serta teristimewa kepada kedua puteri kecil saya Alysha Kiara dan Alitha Kayla yang selalu tanpa henti memberikan dukungan dan doa bagi saya. Tak lupa pula saya ucapkan terimakasih kepada sahabat-sahabat saya, Ulia Safitri, ST, MT, Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan, ST, MT, Selly Veronica, ST, MT dan Syahidullah Habibie Lubis, ST, dr. OK Ilham A. Irsyam, SpOT, serta seluruh teman- teman pada jurusan Manajemen Pembanganan Kota angkatan 2018, yang telah memberi dukungan dan membantu saya dalam proses menyelesaikan tesis saya ini. Penulis menyadari masih adanya kekurangan dalam penulisan laporan penelitian ini. Akhir kata, penulis mengharapkan kiranya laporan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penulis sendiri, dapat memberikan manfaat bagi penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya, serta dapat menjadi kritik dan saran yang membangun bagi semua pihak. Medan, April 2021 Friza Kinanti Rambe iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA RIWAYAT HIDUP Nama : Friza Kinanti Rambe Tempat/Tanggal Lahir : Jakarta, 28 Februari 1988 Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan Agama : Islam Alamat : Kompleks Taman Setia Budi Indah 1 Blok.B No.8, Medan Golongan Darah : O PEKERJAAN Desainer Interior PENDIDIKAN 1. SD NEGERI 112143 RANTAU PRAPAT 2. SMP SWASTA HARAPAN 1 MEDAN 3. SMA NEGERI 1 MEDAN 4. UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI JAKARTA 5. UNIVERSITAS SAHID SURAKARTA v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK...................................................................................................... i ABSTRACT..................................................................................................... ii KATA PENGANTAR................................................................................... iii RIWAYAT HIDUP........................................................................................ v DAFTAR ISI.................................................................................................. vi DAFTAR GAMBAR...................................................................................... x DAFTAR TABEL.......................................................................................... xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN........................................................................ 1 1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................... 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah..........................................................
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