4Th Annual Division 42 Forensic Psychology Conference: Psychological Assessment, Ethics and Expert Testimony April 29-May 1, 2016 Hilton Pasadena - Pasadena, CA

HOTEL MAP The Hotel Lobby is located on the 5th Floor

The Savannah Ballroom is located on the 10th Floor

Cover art courtesy of Dave Young American Psychology-Law Society Annual Conference has gone mobile!

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Once you have the Guidebook application installed, tap "Download Guides" then "Passphrase". Enter the code apls2016 and the guide will download to your device!

1 2016 AP-LS CONFERENCE PROGRAM OVERVIEW

Wednesday, March 9, 2016 Pre-Conference Workshop A th 8:30am – Chastain D, 6 floor 4:30pm Neuropsychology and Forensic Mental Health Evaluations: Foundations, Practical Applications, and Ethical Considerations Beth C. Arredondo, PhD; Bernice A. Marcopulos, PhD; Chriscelyn M. Tussey, PsyD

Pre-Conference Workshop B th 8:30am – Chastain E, 6 floor 4:30pm Testifying and Consulting as an Expert in Eyewitness Identification Cases Karen Newirth, JD; Barry Scheck, JD

Pre-Conference Workshop C th 8:30am – Chastain F, 6 floor 4:30pm Forensic Case Formulation and Treatment Planning Michele Galietta, PhD

10:35am Coffee Break – Chastain Foyer, 6th floor 10:45am Pre-Conference Workshop D th 8:30am – Chastain G, 6 floor 12:00pm The Practical Assessment of Civil Capacities: A Guide of Clinicians Eric G. Mart, PhD

Pre-Conference Workshop E th 1:00pm – Chastain G, 6 floor 4:30pm An Emerging Domain for Psychology-Law Professionals: Research, Ethics and Practice in Trial Consulting Robert J. Cramer, PhD

3:00pm – Coffee Break 3:15pm Chastain Foyer, 6th floor

Thursday, March 10, 2016

Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain D E F G H I J 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 8:00am – 001 12:00pm Executive Committee Meeting Peachtree Room, 8th floor

9:00am – 002 10:00am Student Committee Welcome Breakfast and Conference Orientation Chastain F & G, 6th floor

10:00am 003 – Student Committee Professional Development Event 11:00am Chastain F & G, 6th floor

12:00pm 004 (CE) – 2:00pm OPENING PLENARY Measures for Justice: Unlocking Local County Data to Catalyze Criminal Justice Reform Amy Bach, JD (TTC award for teaching/mentoring just before talk) Peachtree Ballroom, 8th floor

2:15pm – 005 006 (CE) 007 (CE) 008 009 010 (CE) 011 (CE) 3:35pm PDW/TTC/ Children’s Miranda Legal Decision Stereotypes Correction Antisocial/ ECP/MAC: Disclosures Advances Making 1 and Bias Committee Psychopathic Becoming a Mugno Sharf Bregant Silberkleit Hanson Youth Leader Ahern Winningham Henderson Dunbar Mattos Kaslow Dion Carter Hedge Beltrani Gambow Ancis McWilliams Rogers Heath Clow Schuberth Arriola Goodman Drogin Love Neal A.Johnson Woolard Roosevelt K.Davis 3:35pm – Coffee Break 3:50pm Peachtree Foyer, 8th floor 3:50pm – 012 (CE) 013 (CE) 014 015 016 (CE) 017 (CE) 018 (CE) 4:50pm Traumatic Alternative Jury Decision Lineup Victims and Risk and Asylum and Brain Injury Courts Making 1 Procedures 1 Trauma Recidivism Immigration Elbogen Cleveland Kukucka Evelo Price Lowder Filone Eddy Hazen Girvan Charman Cannizzaro Lant J. Davis Camaione Goldfarb Arthurson- Tupper Prince Vitacco Phillpot Maloney Gutierrez McColl Patry Hanks Phillpot Ruva 5:00pm – 019 (CE) 020 021 022 023 (CE) 024 025 (CE) 6:00pm Children’s Lie- Police, Jury Decision Lineup Inmate AP-LS Sex Offenders and Truth- Investigation, Making 2 Procedures 2 Violence Presidential Perillo Telling Interrogation Graham Pica Quick Address: Dadgardoust McWilliams Willard Hunt Charman Vitacco Dr. Jennifer McCallum Stolzenberg Cole John Fitzgerald Helmus Woolard Cheevers Roosevelt Kaminski Schweitzer Bruer Ratkalkar Foster Thornewill Khogali Warren Lamb

Thursday, March 10, 2016 6:00pm – 026 6:30pm AP-LS Business Meeting Chastain J, 6th floor ALL ARE WELCOME TO ATTEND!

6:30pm – 027 8:00pm Welcome Reception Savannah Ballroom, 10th floor ALL ARE WELCOME TO ATTEND!

8:00pm – 10:00pm Drexel/Fordham/University of Massachusetts Reception Peachtree Room, 8th floor

Shaded Sessions with (CE) after the session # indicate the session is eligible for CE credit. Please see CONCEPT instructions on page 29 for further information.

Friday, March 11, 2016

Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain D E F G H I J 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 7:00am- 028 7:50am AP-LS STUDENT COMMITTEE SPONSORED 5K FUN RUN Meet in Hotel Lobby

8:00am – Minority Affairs Committee Alumni Breakfast 9:00am Peachtree Room, 8th floor BY INVITATION ONLY

8:00am – 029 (CE) 030 (CE) 031 032 (CE) 033 (CE) 034 (CE) 9:00am Violence and Culture and Legal Decision Suicide as Self- Child Victims 1 Substance PTSD Language Making 2 Directed Kehn Abuse Wright Reba- Marsil Violence Anderson Brogan Ternes Harrelson Kienzle K.Johnson VanMeter Ricardo Hein Weiss Wood Desmarais Andretta Durham Reynolds Nijdam-Jones Joseph Bryson Azores-Gococo A. Heilbrun Cramer Wechsler Salekin 9:15am – 036 037 038 (CE) 039 (CE) 040 (CE) 041 042 (CE) 10:35am TTC Current Juvenile Psychopathy Predicting Moral Sex Offender Committee Advances in Sentencing Scales and Youth Risk Disengagement Management Yasuhara Investigative and Diagnoses Hart and Legal 30 Alexander Interviewing Treatment Toney Smith Riggs Romaine Judgments Barbaree Hess Mosser Azores-Gococo Kelley Jarrett Perez Janus Kemp Swanner Barese Falkenbach Hoskowitz McDermott Prentky Dawson Cooper Wijetunga Brooks Trescher Rosenfeld Susan Schreiber McCracken K.Heilbrun Kleinman Stevenson Houston Greene 10:35am Coffee Break – Peachtree Foyer, 8th floor 10:45am 10:45am 043 (CE) – PRESIDENTIAL PLENARY 12:15pm Campuses Under Investigation: How Did We Get Here and Where Are We Going? Sarah Cook, PhD Peachtree Ballroom, 8th floor

12:20pm Lunch Break – 1:30pm (Lunch is not Included, please plan accordingly.)

12:20pm Minority Affairs Committee Luncheon – 1:30pm Peachtree Room, 8th floor BY INVITATION ONLY

Friday, March 11, 2016 Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain G Chastain Chastain Chastain th D E F 6 floor H I J th th th th th th 6 floor 6 floor 6 floor 6 floor 6 floor 6 floor 045 046 (CE) 047 048 049 (CE) 050 (CE) 051 (CE) Student Legal Scholars Current Statistical/ Antisocial/ Violence Risk Missing 1:30pm – Committee: Committee: Advances in Methodological Borderline Assessment Persons and Druhn Psychological Investigative Developments Personality Skeem Child Victims 2:50pm Arrendondo Issues that Interviewing in Eyewitness ID Barese Galloway McDermott Griffin Criminal Law Shaffer Lampinen White King Abate Keeney Scholars are Houston Smith Baskin- Kopkin Moore Galloway Addressing Evans Brewer Sommers Fowler Erickson Dervan Kleinman Wixted Penson Erickson Fondacaro Steblay Hamilton Wells Haugh Stefan Slobogin 2:50pm – Coffee Break 3:00pm Peachtree Foyer, 8th floor 3:00pm – 052 (CE) 053 (CE) 054 055 056 (CE) 057 (CE) 4:00pm Emerging AAFP Police Child Witnesses Risk and Re- Saleem Shah Issues in Distinguished Interrogation Mugno Entry Award Juvenile Contributions Madon Gonzalez Rade Winner: Forensic Award: Appleby Rivard Phillips Dr. Tess Neal Evaluation, Christopher Liden Brimbal Winters Practice and Slobogin Wylie Batastini Policy Langley Nathanson Schwartz Larson 4:10pm – 059 (CE) 060 (CE) 061 062 063 064 (CE) 065 (CE) 5:10pm Sexual Assault Child Victims 2 Interviewing Eyewitness The Boldness and Bias in and the Law Chae and Memory 1 Psychology of Psychopathy Forensic Guarnera Lytle Interrogations Lawson Plea Decisions Gatner Mental Health Wellbeloved- Szojka Lindholm J.Johnson Redlich Ruchensky Evaluations Stone Hall Vallano Martin Zottoli Gatner Boyd Crowley Elliott Carol Haby Rulseh Murrie Wasarhaley Houck Edkins Marcus Stejskal Dervan Brodsky 066 (CE) 067 068 069 070 (CE) 071 072 (CE) 5:20pm – Campus ECP Improving Juror Estimator Applications Philadelphia Risk Sexual Committee: Comprehension Variables in of Triage Police School Assessment 6:20pm Assaults Opportunities of Judicial Eyewitness Approach for Diversion and Special Harrelson for Early Instructions Identification Risk Program Populations Lamade Career Clough Altman Assessment Cole Cook Semmann Professionals Spivak Hoogesteyn Decision Goldstein Levitt Ferrone Griffin Ogloff Sneyd Making Bethel Geise Ash Gonzalez Rosenfeld Haney-Caron O’Donnell Barber-Rioja Carlson Foellmi McKitten Guyton Wijetunga Murrie Grover Torres Elbogen Kemp

Friday, March 11, 2016 6:30pm – 073 8:00pm Friday Evening Poster Session Savannah Ballroom, 10th floor

6:30pm – 8:00pm Early Career Professionals Reception Chastain E, 6th floor (same location as 5:20 session)

8:00pm – 10:00pm University of Nebraska – Lincoln Reception Peachtree Room, 8th floor

8:00pm – 10:00pm Student Committee Reception The Overlook, 6th floor

8:00pm – 10:00pm University of California - Irvine, Center for Psychology and Law Reception Piedmond 1, 12th floor

Saturday, March 12, 2016

Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain D E F G H I J 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 8:00am – 074 (CE) 075 076 077 (CE) 078 (CE) 079 (CE) 080 9:00am Environmental Individual Wrestling with Perceptions of Interactions Measuring AP-LS Predictors of Determinants Forensic Juvenile with Malingering Distinguished Juvenile in Deceiving Waiting Lists Offenders Probation and its Impact Contributions Delinquency and Detecting Durhman Harrelson Officers Hill Award Cauffman Deception Locklair Fix Vidal Rama Address Cavanagh Nagar Hudacek Falligant Kang deLacy Heilbrun Wall Lavoie Wright Alexander Eno Louden Hinz Slobogin Mauer Fenn Gale-Bentz Bull Iris Blandon- Gitlin 9:15am – 081 082 083 084 085 (CE) 086 (CE) 087 (CE) 10:35am Actual vs. Social Police Officers Eyewitness Child Competency Triarchic Perceived Framework and Confidence Psychopathy Wilson Psychopathy Search Evidence in Perceptions of Decision Dimensions Einzig Dieter Experiences Court Police Making Clark Metroz Gerbrandij Hoetger Leo Baker Dellapaolera Harrison Stein Mowle Brank Stockdale Schmidt Sporer Remmel Johnston Kutchen Marshall Elsen Fleischmann Moreland Gillen Tylicki Haby Borgida Winters Hirn Mueller MacDougall Groscup Mechanic M.Williams Vallano Salekin Adya Slobogin 10:35am – Coffee Break 10:45am Peachtree Foyer, 8th floor 10:45am 088 (CE) – PLENARY SESSION 12:15pm JUSTICE DENIED: Race, Poverty, Trauma, Mental Impairments & Intellectual Disability in Capital and Other Criminal Cases Stephen Bright, JD Peachtree Ballroom, 8th floor

12:20pm Lunch Break – 1:30pm (Lunch is not Included, please plan accordingly.) 089 090 (CE) 091 092 093 (CE) 094 (CE) 095 (CE) AP-LS Time Interdisciplinary Attitudes Eyewitness Inpatient Juveniles in Death Penalty 1:30pm – Machine Set Perspectives on toward Police Memory 2 Assessments the System Gordon to the 1970s Hate, Prejudice, Reardon Vredeveldt Hornsby Christopher Yelderman 2:50pm Brodsky Discrimination Appleby Ca. Perez Sellbom Zannella West Conroy Nobles Larson Thomas Cartwright NeMoyer Boyle Golding Girvan Baker McGuire Danzer Hofer Alvarez Grisso Cramer Bonaci Dianiska Grossi Fountain Roesch Cabeldue Rogers Tomei Grisso Miller 2:50pm – Coffee Break 3:00pm Peachtree Foyer, 8th floor

Saturday, March 12, 2016 Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain Chastain D E F G H I J 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 6th floor 3:00pm – 096 (CE) 097 098 099 100 (CE) 101 (CE) 102 (CE) 4:00pm Female Confession Jury Decision Show-ups Ethics and Forensic Predictors of Offenders Research 1 Making and Kavetski Practice Program Child Sleep Luecht Race Wetmore Pirelli Evaluation Custodial Case Mackelprang Gongola Maeder Key Pietruszka Smith Outcomes Malik Connors Peter-Hagene Key Young Loney Wornica Jennings Woestehoff Bergold Smith Tennies King Denne Edwards Jebens Devault Sicafuse Bottoms Margaret Stevenson 4:10pm – 103 (CE) 104 105 106 107 (CE) 108 (CE) 5:10pm Child Memory Confession Juror Factors in Improving Collaborative and Research 2 Emotions and Evaluation of Forensic Approach to Interviewing Bernhard Attitudes Witness Science: Reducing Gongola Villalba Schweitzer Testimony Contributions Disproportionate Minority Contact Ch.Perez Kieckhaefer Burd Cash from Bethel Andrews Romero Peter-Hagene Smalarz Psychology McKitten Moore Lyon Cash Kelley Wagage Beaudry Murrie Singer Quinlivan Garrett Goldstein Neal

5:20pm – 110 111 112 (CE) 113 (CE) 114 (CE) 6:20pm Race and Legal Morality and Jury Decision Law and Health Not Taking the Decision Moral Making and Reed Bait: An Making Judgments Risk Neal Experiential Culhane West Assessment Reed Workshop on Estrada- Cowan Kopkin Zelle Expert Reynolds Smith Yamamoto Greene Testimony Estrada- Leduc Zimmerman Dvoskin Reynolds Arganbright Brodsky Mauer Skeem

6:30pm – 116 8:00pm Saturday Evening Poster Session Savannah Ballroom, 10th floor

8:00pm – 117 11:00pm John Jay College of Criminal Justice Social Mellow Mushroom, 400 West Peachtree St. NW

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Hotel Map inside front cover

Mobile App Information for Conference Program 1

2016 AP-LS Conference Program Grid 2

Welcome and Conference Highlights 11

Message from the AP-LS President 15

AP-LS Executive Committee & Committee Chairs 16

Message from the AP-LS Student Committee Chair 17

Conference Submission Reviewers 18

2016 AP-LS Award Announcements 20

Minority Affairs Committee Highlights 27

CONCEPT - Continuing Education Credits at the Conference 29

Nearby Restaurants 32

Programming Session Details 33 Thursday 33 Friday 48 Friday Evening Poster Session 77 Saturday 93 Saturday Evening Poster Session 125

Participant Index 141

Special Thanks and Appreciation 153

2017 AP-LS Conference Announcement 155

10 WELCOME AND CONFERENCE HIGHLIGHTS

Welcome to Atlanta! We’re excited to bring you the 2016 conference of the American Psychology-Law Society. Be sure to enjoy yourself while you are here, as you develop your knowledge of various issues of psychology and law, confer with colleagues and friends, and see the surrounding sites. As you’ll see in the program below, there are many presentations from which to choose, and we’re sure you’ll find several of great interest to you. In addition to the variety of 60- and 80-minute sessions, we have an excellent selection of plenary speakers and special committee sessions. Last but not least, there will be plenty of social events to enjoy!

Below, we’ve outlined some of the highlights and special sessions that we have planned. But don’t forget to look through the full program as there are almost 500 talks, posters and addresses to consider!

Continuing Education: Several pre-conference continuing education workshops have been arranged for Wednesday, March 9th. Workshops A-C are full day (8:30-4:30, 7.5 CEUs) and D and E are half day workshops (8:30-12:00, 1- 4:30, 3.5 CEUs). Below is a list of the titles, locations, and presenters.

Workshop A (full day): Neuropsychology and Forensic Mental Health Evaluations: Foundations, Practical Applications, and Ethical Considerations Presenters: Beth C. Arredondo, PhD; Bernice A. Marcopulos, PhD; Chriscelyn M. Tussey, Psy.D. Location: Chastain D, 6th floor Workshop B (full day): Testifying and Consulting as an Expert in Eyewitness Identification Cases Presenters: Karen Newirth, JD; Barry Scheck, JD Location: Chastain E, 6th floor Workshop C (full day): Forensic Case Formulation and Treatment Planning Presenter: Michele Galietta, PhD Location: Chastain F, 6th floor Workshop D (half day): The Practical Assessment of Civil Capacities: A Guide of Clinicians Presenter: Eric G. Mart, Ph.D Location: Chastain G, 6th floor Workshop E (half day): An Emerging Domain for Psychology-Law Professionals: Research, Ethics and Practice in Trial Consulting Presenter: Robert J. Cramer, PhD Location: Chastain G, 6th floor

In addition to the pre-conference workshops, we are thankful that CONCEPT will also be offering CE credit for many of the sessions held throughout the conference. The sessions eligible for CE credit are shaded in grey and have “CE” following the session number in the Program Overview. Please see the CONCEPT information page in the program for details on how to obtain credit for attendance at designated symposium and paper sessions.

Plenary Addresses: There will be three plenary speakers covering a wide range of fascinating topics. All will take place in the Peachtree Ballroom on the 8th floor.

Thursday, March 10th from 12:00-2:00pm Amy Bach, JD, will present a talk entitled: Measures for Justice: Unlocking Local County Data to Catalyze Criminal Justice Reform. She is President and Executive Director of Measures for Justice. After winning the 2010 Robert F. Kennedy Book Award for her book Ordinary Injustice: How America Holds Court, Amy Bach founded Measures for Justice, an organization devoted to quantifying criminal justice system performance. Going county-by-county, Measures for Justice gauges system performance from the arrest through conviction and sentencing. Their ongoing initiative to gather data from all across the

11 United States will allow for comparisons across states and jurisdictions, with a focus on what is – and what isn’t –working.

Friday, March 11th from 10:45am-12:15pm Our Friday Plenary speaker is Sarah Cook, PhD, who will present a talk entitled: Campuses under investigation: How did we get here and where are we going? Dr. Cook is Professor and Associate Dean in the Department of Psychology at Georgia State University. Her Violence Against Women Prevention (VAWP) research program focuses on accurate measures of violence against women and the effects of prevention programs. Her research has received funding from the National Institute of Justice, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Dr. Cook will be speaking about the Violence Against Women Act, the ongoing problem of sexual assaults on campus, and other initiatives from the VAWP research team.

Saturday, March 12th from 10:45am-12:15pm It is a genuine pleasure to introduce our Saturday Plenary speaker: Stephen Bright, JD, President and Senior Counsel of the Southern Center for Human Rights (SCHR). He will present a talk entitled: JUSTICE DENIED: Race, Poverty, Trauma, Mental Impairments & Intellectual Disability in Capital and Other Criminal Cases. Much of Bright’s work, including his litigation, has focused on capital punishment, representation for the indigent, and racial discrimination in the justice system, including two cases argued (and won) before the Supreme Court on the topic of racial discrimination in jury composition – a third (Foster v. Chatman) is pending. As President of the SCHR, Stephen Bright embodies the center’s mission to help the less fortunate accused of crimes, facing the death penalty, or having their rights violated in jails or prisons.

Presidential Address (Thursday, March 10th, 5-6pm, in Chastain I, 6th floor): Dr. Jennifer Woolard will give her Presidential Address entitled Engaging Science, Engaging Justice, in which she will discuss ways in which APLS engages issues of social justice both internally to the organization and externally in policy, advocacy, and practice.

Special Sessions and Events: Each day of the conference we have a number of special sessions and events, such as award addresses and committee sponsored programming, as well as our two posters sessions. Here is a listing of session titles and times; see the full program listing for locations, presenters, and further details about each session.

Thursday: 8:00am Executive Committee Meeting 9:00am Student Committee Welcome Breakfast and Conference Orientation 10:00am Student Committee Professional Developmental Event 12:00pm Opening Plenary: Amy Bach, JD (TTC award presentation) 2:15pm PDW/TTC/ECP/MAC Committees Session: Becoming a Leader 2:15pm Correction Committee Session with Dr. Karl Hanson 5:00pm AP-LS Presidential Address: Dr. Jennifer Woolard 6:00pm AP-LS Business Meeting (Open to all!) 6:30pm Welcome Reception (Open to all!) 8:00pm Drexel/Fordham/U. of Massachusetts Reception

Friday: 7:00am Student Committee Sponsored 5K Fun Run 8:00am Minorities Affairs Committee Alumni Breakfast (Invitation Only) 9:15am Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee Session: Becoming an Academic: Panel Discussion on the Joys, Trials, and Tribulations of Being a New Assistant Professor 10:45am Presidential Plenary Session: Dr. Sarah Cook

12 1:30pm Student Committee Session: The View Outside the Ivory Tower: Careers in Psychology and Law Outside of Academia 1:30pm Legal Scholars Committee Session: How Legal Scholars on Criminal Justice Are Using the Insights of Psychology 3:00pm AAFP Distinguished Contributions Award: Christopher Slobogin, JD 3:00pm Saleem Shah Award: Dr. Tess Neal 5:20pm Early Career Professionals Committee: An Interdisciplinary Mentoring Event: Opportunities for Early Career Professionals 6:30pm Friday Evening Poster Session 6:30pm Early Career Professionals Reception 8:00pm University of Nebraska – Lincoln Reception 8:00pm Student Committee Reception 8:00pm University of California – Irvine, Center for Psychology and Law Reception

Saturday: 8:00am APLS Distinguished Contributions Award: Kirk Heilbrun, PhD; Christopher Slobogin, JD 10:45am Plenary Session: Stephen Bright, JD 6:30pm Saturday Evening Poster Session 8:00pm John Jay College of Criminal Justice Social

We hope that these events will help you to learn some new things, make some new friends (and establish some productive collaboration), and especially provide a fun conference experience!

Vanessa Edkins and Curt Carlson Conference Co-Chairs

14 MESSAGE FROM THE AP-LS PRESIDENT

Welcome to the 2016 Annual Meeting of the American-Psychology Society. it is great to have so many members returning to the conference this year. If this is your first APLS meeting I offer a special welcome to you.

Conference co-chairs Vanessa Edkins and Curt Carlson have produced a fabulous program that showcases the wide range of research in our field through papers and poster sessions. I offer my special thanks to Vanessa and Curt for organizing our conference this year. If you see them (and they are standing still) please thank them for their year-long effort to organize and produce these three days.

Three outstanding plenary speakers anchor each day of our conference. Our program opens Thursday at noon with an address entitled “Unlocking Local County Data to Catalyze Criminal Justice Reform” by Amy Bach, JD, founder and president of Measures for Justice, an organization that works with counties across the country to create a national infrastructure to gauge performance of the criminal justice system from arrest through conviction and sentencing. The Presidential plenary on Friday at 10:45 features Sarah Cook, PhD, who leads the Violence Against Women Prevention Lab as Professor of Psychology and Associate Dean here at Georgia State University, speaking on “Campuses under investigation: How did we get here and where are we going?”. On Saturday at 10:45 we’re pleased to welcome Stephen Bright, JD, the president and Senior Counsel of the Southern Center for Human Rights here in Atlanta, who has successfully argued Supreme Court cases regarding racial discrimination in jury composition. He will present a talk titled “JUSTICE DENIED: Race, Poverty, Trauma, Mental Impairments & Intellectual Disability in Capital and Other Criminal Cases”.

All are welcome to join us at the Business Meeting on Thursday followed by our Welcome Reception. At 6:00 pm spend 30 minutes with us in room Chastain J to learn about Division activities and volunteer opportunities that can help you become involved in APLS. Then meet your Executive Committee members and the rest of your colleagues at the Welcome Reception that begins at 6:30 in the Savannah Ballroom (10th floor).

Join us on Friday and Saturday evenings for poster sessions and social hours that take place from 6:30 pm to 8:00 pm in the Savannah Ballroom. Connect with colleagues and talk directly with presenters about the wide range of research projects that are featured.

The Student section is once again sponsoring a Fun Run for a whirlwind (depending on your speed) 5K tour through Atlanta. Runners meet promptly Friday at 7am in the hotel lobby.

Last but not least, please thank Kathy Gaskey and her husband Clyde for the innumerable hours and attention to detail they have spent on our conference. When Cathy says she’s been “busy” it is an understatement. Her work continues here in Atlanta as she and Clyde manage logistics and solve problems both large and small. We wouldn’t be in the right place at the right time without them.

Peruse the program and browse our app to learn about all this and more at our annual meeting. Hope you have a great time - we’re glad you’re here!

Jennifer Woolard President, American Psychology-Law Society

15 AP-LS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND COMMITTEE CHAIRS AUGUST 2015 – AUGUST 2016

Executive Committee President Jennifer Woolard [email protected] Past President Patricia Zapf [email protected] President Elect David DeMatteo [email protected] Secretary Jennifer Groscup [email protected] Treasurer Eve Brank [email protected] Member-at-Large Daniel Krauss [email protected] Member-at-Large Jennifer Hunt [email protected] Member-at-Large Gianni Pirelli [email protected] APA Council Rep Joel Lieberman [email protected] APA Council Rep Brian Cutler [email protected] Student Committee Chair Megan Galloway [email protected]

Committees Budget & Investment Eve Brank [email protected] Book Series Patty Zapf [email protected] Book Award Mark Fondacaro [email protected] Conference Advisory Steven Clark [email protected] Continuing Education Amanda Zelechoski [email protected] Corrections Sarah Miller [email protected] Dissertation Awards Lindsay Malloy [email protected] Early Career Professionals (ECP) Kathleen Kemp [email protected] Fellows Dick Rogers [email protected] Forensic Specialty Council Dan Krauss [email protected] Governance Dan Krauss [email protected] Grants-In-Aid Andre Kehn [email protected] Interdisciplinary Grant Nick Schweitzer [email protected] Law & Human Behavior – Editor Margaret Bull Kovera [email protected] Legal Chris Slobogin [email protected] Minority Affairs Michelle Hoy-Watkins [email protected] Jorge Varela [email protected] Newsletter Editor Matthew Huss [email protected] Nominations & Award Patricia Zapf [email protected] Practice Christina Finello [email protected] Professional Development of Women (PDW) Gina Vincent [email protected] Research Lora Levett [email protected] Scientific Paper Review Mark Costanzo [email protected] Social Media Tracy Fass [email protected] Teaching, Training & Careers (TTC) Alana Cook [email protected] Monica Miller [email protected] Undergraduate Paper Award Meredith Allison [email protected] Webpage Editor Kento Yasuhara [email protected]

Division Administrative Officer Kathy Gaskey [email protected]

2016 APLS Conference Co-Chairs Curt Carlson [email protected] Vanessa Edkins [email protected]

2016 APA Conference Co-Chairs Nicholas Druhn [email protected] Monica Miller [email protected]

16 MESSAGE FROM THE STUDENT COMMITTEE CHAIR

On behalf of the Student Committee, I want to wish everyone a warm welcome to Atlanta and to the 2016 annual Division 41 conference. We are very fortunate not only to have our own meeting every year, but also to have a very dedicated Student Committee. Our committee works year round to provide student members with valuable resources, but this conference is a particularly important opportunity for us to connect with students and professionals alike. We hope all members will use this time to enjoy the wonderful programming our division has to offer, but we are especially excited about a few events in particular:

· Foundational Issues in Psychology and Law: Things Students Should Know, But Probably Don’t – an invited speaker series addressing areas of need in graduate education uncovered in our 2015 Graduate Training Survey; · What Does it Take To Be a Leader? Strengths and Challenges – A panel co-sponsored with the Professional Development of Women Committee; the Minority Affairs Committee; the Teaching, Training and Careers Committee; and the Early Career Professionals Committee on leadership; · The View Outside the Ivory Tower: Careers in Psychology and Law Outside of Academia – A panel discussing alternative careers in law and psychology as well as how to get them; · Special Event Programming for Active Campus Representatives – an exclusive thank you for the men and women who work so hard to engage their own campuses throughout the year; · A Special Book Raffle – be on the lookout for a chance to win!; · Our Annual 5K Fun Run – explore Atlanta while meeting new people and getting some fresh air; and · Our Annual Student Social—come for the free food and drinks and stay for the great music!

For more specific details about these events, as well as other useful information about the conference and Atlanta, be sure to download our student conference guide available on our own website (http://www.apls-students.org). Student Section Committee officers will have special ribbons, so please don’t hesitate to ask us any questions or requests for assistance (or just to say “hi”). We are here to help in any way that we can! This year, student presentation award winners will also have special designations so make sure to say congratulations if you see them!

As always, we will maintain our social media presence throughout the conference. If you haven’t already, be sure to check us out on Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/apls.sc), Twitter (https://twitter.com/APLSsc), our blog (http://www.apls-students.org/the-intersection-a-blog), in addition to our website. We hope you will continue to visit these resources even after the conference is over for helpful information year round.

Of course, none of this would be possible without our enthusiastic and highly capable committee members, who I’d like to thank for all of their hard work: Emily Haney-Caron (Chair-Elect), Tara Ryan (Secretary), Dana Formon (Communications Officer), Elizabeth Gale-Benz (Campus Representative Coordinator), Shelby Arnold (Clinical Liaison), Caitlin Cavanagh (Experimental Liaison), Jaymes Fairfax- Columbo (Law Liaison), and Casey LaDuke (Past-Chair). I would also like to thank our campus representatives and their faculty sponsors, our invited speakers (Drs. Beth Caillouet-Arrendondo, Nicholas Druhn, Patricia Griffin, and Michelle Keeney), the Division 41 Executive Committee, Kathy Gaskey, and the conference co-chairs, Drs. Curt Carlson and Vanessa Edkins. Finally, thanks to all of Division 41’s student and professional members—both for your support and for making Division 41 such a wonderful community.

Sincerely, Meghann Galloway, MS, JD

17 CONFERENCE SUBMISSION REVIEWERS

The conference co-chairs want to thank all of the individuals who took the time to sign up and complete reviews for the hundreds of submissions to this year’s conference. Without your time and diligence, the AP-LS conference could not succeed.

Tina Adams Toni Crocilla Kelly Jones Apryl Alexander David DeMatteo Jennifer Kamorowski Rebecca Alten Sabrina Demetrioff Noah Kaufman James Andretta Sarah Desmarais Robert Kaufman Samantha Andrews Leslie Dobson Daniel Kegan Beth Arredondo Jason Doll Andre Kehn Jeana Arter-Passy Jessica Eddins Jenna Kieckhaefer Shannon Bader John Edens Megan Kienzle Gary Baker Jacqueline Evans Shalene Kirkley Melissa Baker Amanda Fanniff Laura Kirsch Trevor Barese Tracy Fass Jennifer Klein Debra Bassett Scott Fischer Eileen Kohutis Medina Baumgart Elizabeth Foster Gerald Koocher Jennifer Beaudry Ralph Fretz Stephen Kopetskie Heather Blier Connie Gallo Daniel Krauss Marcus Boccaccini Dana Gautschi Clifford Kusaj Bruce Borkosky Linda Gomberg Céline Launay Stanley Brodsky Amanda Gooden Robert Leark Michael Brook Brandee Goodwin Jacqueline Leland Kimberly Brown Leamarie Gordon Terry Libkuman Laura Brown Emily Gottfried Leslie Lothstein Sonja Brubacher Michael Gottlieb T. Richelle Lyon Danielle Burchett B. Thomas Gray Nicole Lytle Jason Cantone Jennifer Groscup Melissa Magyar Marianna Carlucci Max Guyll Karenna Malavanti Gizelle Carr Michelle Guyton Lindsay Malloy Frances Charder Ashley Hall Jon Mandracchia Sheresa Christopher Evan Harrington Suzanne Mannes Hayley Cleary Kathleen Hart Lisa Manriquez Kimberley Clow Wendy Heath Jamal Mansour Kimberly Coffman Ashley Heiner Melissa Marrapese Lindsey Cole Linda Henkel Dorothy Marsil Deb Connolly Kursten Hensl Bradley McAuliff Travis Conradt Derek Hess Dawn McQuiston Nathan Cook David Hill Andrew Meisler Wesley Cook Dana Hirn Mueller Laura Melnyk Gribble Danielle Cooper Heather Holder Bevin Merles Cindy Cottle Jennifer Hunt Mary Ann Midden Jennifer Cox Kayleen Islam-Zwart Tara Mitchell Robert Cramer Richard John Ryan Montes

18 Gary Moran Stephen Ross Marguerite Ternes Aviva Moster Christine Ruva Megan Thoen Amanda Motz Anna Sagana Elizabeth Thompson Lavita Nadkarni Randall Salekin Joseph Toomey Tess Neal Leila Salem Siny Tsang Narina Nunez James Sauer Brigitte Vallabhajosula Gregory Page Allison Schenk Jonathan Vallano Anthony Perillo Kyle Scherr Jorge Varela William Pithers Amber Schramm Sarah Vidal Judith Platania Shari Schwartz Simone Viljoen Heather Price Nick Schweitzer Annelies Vredeveldt Emalee Quickel Joe Scroppo Taeko Wachi Nicole Rafanello Martin Sellbom Kristin Wagner Justin Ramsdell James Seward Nesa Wasarhaley Margaret Reardon Christopher Slobogin James Waters Elijah Ricks Andrew Smith Stacy Wetmore William Riebsame Nancy Steblay Miko Wilford Christina Riggs Romaine Morgen Steeley Jennifer Willard Jillian Rivard Ashley Stewart Lindsey Wilner Pamela Robbins Stacia Stolzenberg Roosevelt Stephanie Wright Dario Rodriguez Kyle Susa Lindsey Wylie Lia Rohlehr Thomas Swales Kento Yasuhara Theresa Roman Connie Tang Denis Zavodny

19 2016 AP-LS AWARD ANNOUNCEMENTS

Each year, the American Psychology-Law Society and American Academy of Forensic Psychology bestow upon deserving individuals a number of important awards. Below is a summary of the awards given this year. Congratulations to all of those who were honored!

AWARD FOR OUTSTANDING TEACHING AND MENTORING IN THE FIELD OF PSYCHOLOGY AND LAW

The Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee of the American Psychology-Law Society is proud to announce the 2016 Award for Outstanding Teaching and Mentoring in the Field of Psychology and Law. The 2016 award is given to a teacher/mentor that has taught/mentored graduate and/or post-doctoral students.

The 2016 award winner is Matthew Huss, Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology, Creighton University The 2016 Early Career winner is Amanda Zelechoski, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Valparaiso University

This competitive award is given to scholars in the field of psychology and law who have made substantial contributions in student teaching and mentoring, teaching related service and scholarship, development of new curricula, and/or administration of training programs.

Their record of service to mentees and students is truly outstanding in many of these ways and more. We congratulate them on this grand achievement. Professor Huss and Zelechoski will be announced as the award recipients at the Opening Session Plenary on Thursday, March 10th.

Past winners of this prestigious award include: 2015 Jodi A. Quas 2014 Bradley McAuliff 2008 Edith Greene 2013 Roderick C.L. Lindsay 2007 N. Dickon Reppucci 2012 Amye R. Warren 2006 Beth Schwartz 2011 Brian Bornstein 2005 Bette Bottoms and Jim Ogloff 2010 Mark Costanzo 2004 Margaret Bull Kovera 2009 Ronald Roesch

CONFERENCE AWARD ADDRESSES

The following awards will be presented during the conference:

AP-LS Distinguished Contributions to Psychology and Law Award The AP-LS Award for Distinguished Contributions to Psychology and Law honors those who have made distinguished theoretical, empirical, and/or applied contributions to the field of psychology and law. Address: Saturday, March 12th from 8-9am, in Chastain J

20 Honorees: Kirk Heilbrun, PhD; Christopher Slobogin, JD Address Title: Professional Standards in Law and Psychology: Illuminating History, Clarifying the Present, and Shaping the Future Abstract: Professional standards such as the ABA Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards and the AP-LS Specialty Guidelines have important and untapped potential for describing how Law and Psychology has changed, clarifying good policy and practice in present cases, and shaping the research/policy/practice as the field evolves. This presentation by Kirk Heilbrun and Chris Slobogin will first addresses the multiple applications of such professional standards (including research, policy, and practice) and provide data describing how they are currently very limited in their citations in the professional literature. It will next cover the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards as a specific example of how standards developed by the legal profession have applications to Law and Psychology—and how the revised version of these standards reflects important changes that are congruent with changing opportunities and potential uses in this area. Finally, using two vignettes, it will illustrate how these standards can be applied toward clarifying good practice and resolving ethical conflicts for both attorneys and psychologists.

AAFP Distinguished Contributions to Forensic Psychology Award The Distinguished Contribution to Forensic Psychology is granted annually, at the discretion of the Executive Committee of the American Academy of Forensic Psychology.

Address: Friday, March 11th from 3:00-4:00pm, in Chastain E Honoree: Christopher Slobogin, JD Address Title: Preventive Justice: An Agenda for Research Psychologists Abstract: Preventive justice aims to take advantage of new developments and research, including research by psychologists, in an effort to move the criminal system back toward a preventive, forward-looking focus and away from a punitive, backward-looking approach. After describing preventive justice and why now is a good time to push it, the talk will respond to ten objections to this type of regime and suggest research that psychologists might do to further the debate.

Saleem Shah Award for Early Career Excellence in Psychology and Law The Saleem Shah Award is co-sponsored by the American Psychology Law Soceity and the American Aacademy of Forensic Psychology. The award is to recognize those who have shown excellence in the beginning phase of their careers.

Address: Friday, March 11th from 3:00-4:00pm, in Chastain I Honoree: Dr. Tess Neal, Arizona State University Address Title: Bias in Clinical and Legal Judgments Abstract: This presentation features research that weaves together the clinical, cognitive, and social traditions of psychological science to study bias in expert decision making in the legal system, such as by forensic psychologists and psychiatrists, forensic scientists, and judges. The overarching goal of this line of research is to discover new understandings of how humans reason with and use complex information while simultaneously making concrete contributions to the “real world” so that clinicians, judges, lawyers, scientists, and others can make better use

21 of information. I will focus especially on the emerging science of bias in forensic psychology, highlighting new findings about bias as well as detailing directions for future research.

AP-LS DISSERTATION AWARD WINNERS

Dissertation award winners will receive their awards at the Opening Session of the Conference on Thursday at 12:00pm and will showcase their work in the “Winners Circle” at the Saturday evening poster Session from 6:30-8:00pm.

1st Place: Skye Stephens, Ryerson University Title: Hebephilic Sexual Interests in Sexual Offenders Advisors: Michael Seto and Alasdair Goodwill

2nd Place: Laura White, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Title: Mental Health and Substance-Related Treatment Utilization, Dropout, and Continuity of Care among Detained Adolescents: A 14-Year Longitudinal Study Advisor: John McGrew

3rd Place: Alana Krix, Maastricht University Title: Obtaining Information from Eyewitnesses: Effects of Retrieval Support in Eyewitness Interviews Advisor: Harald Merckelbach

AP-LS BOOK AWARD

The Book Award Committee is pleased to announce the winner of the 2016 award for an edited book is: Ron Roesch and Patricia Zapf for their 2013 book, “Forensic Assessments in Criminal and Civil Law: A Handbook for Lawyers,” published by Oxford University Press. Dr. Zapf is a Professor in the Department of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York and has also been a member of the Psychology and Law faculty at the University of Alabama. Dr. Roesch is the Director of the Mental Health Law and Policy Institute and a professor in the Department of Psychology at Simon Fraser University.

AP-LS AWARD FOR BEST UNDERGRADUATE PAPER

Undergraduate Paper Award Winners will receive their awards at the Opening Session of the conference on Thursday at 12:00pm and will present their work at the Friday evening Poster Session from 6:30-8:00pm.

1st Place: Hannah Phalen, Arizona State University Title: Determining Negligence in Cases Involving Intoxicated Drivers: Are People Willing to Blame Remote Causes of Harm? Mentor: Edie Greene

22 2nd Place: Siara D. Johnson, Drexel University Title: Comparing the Miranda Rights Comprehension of High-Achieving Juveniles and Young Adults in the Community Mentor: Naomi Goldstein

3rd Place: Tyler J. Plogher, University of Evansville Title: My Husband is a Sex Offender: Stereotyping and Implications for Discrimination Mentor: Margaret Stevenson

EARLY CAREER PROFESSIONALS GRANTS-IN-AID

The American Psychology-Law Society Committee on Early Career Professionals funds four to five grants annually, each up to $5,000. The purpose of the award is to support AP-LS members who are within seven years of receiving their last degree to conduct research related to psychology and law. The following are the ECP Grants-in-Aid recipients for 2015-2016.

Sonja Brubacher, Ph.D, Deakin University Supportiveness versus Familiarity effects on Children's Recall across Repeated Interviews Danielle Cooper, Ph.D, University of New Haven Black Young Adults’ Deferential and Defiant Decision-Making during Traffic Stops Kaitlyn McLachlan, Ph.D, St. Joseph’s University Evaluating FASD Screening Approaches in Forensic Psychiatry Jennifer Perillo, Ph.D, Winston Salem State University Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words? An Investigation of the Corrupting Influence of Photographic PTP on Jurors' Memory and Verdicts

AP-LS GRANTS-IN-AID

The Grants-in-Aid Committee strives to encourage research across a range of psycholegal research topics. Committee members are employed across both academic and non-academic settings in order to promote research in underdeveloped areas of basic and applied research. This group has been proud of its ability to fund proposals for graduate level research across a range of institutions while maintaining a balance between applied and theory-driven research pertinent to law and psychology. The Grants-in-Aid Committee has two annual funding cycles with deadlines in January and September.

Spring 2015 Grants-In-Aid Recipients:

Nicole Adams, Saint Mary’s University The Effects on Cognitive Load and Lying Type on Deception Cues Kaila Bruer, University of Regina Repeated Forced-Choice Lineup Procedure: Reducing False Identifications of Child Eyewitnesses Panne Burke, Georgia Southern University Effect of Diagnostic Labeling and Biased Language in Legal Context

23 Jordan Clark, University of Nevada Reno Justifying Prejudice: Islam in the US Legal System Alicia De Vault, University of Nevada Reno Justification-Suppression and Normative Window of Prejudice as Determinants of Bias in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adoptions Scenarios Rebecca Helm, Cornell University Logical but Incompetent: A New Approach to Adjudicative Competence, Grounded in Developmental Theory Jennifer Lavoie, McGill University Communication Patterns of High-Risk Children in the Dependency System: Implications for Legal Involvement Candalyn Rade, North Carolina State University A Meta-Analysis of the Correlates and Moderators of Public Attitudes toward Capital Punishment Monica Rohrabaugh, Toledo University Did You Talk to Anybody About This Before? Children’s Memory for Conversations After a One- Year Delay Kimberly Schweitzer, University of Wyoming Jurors’ Evaluation of Evidence: The Importance and Weighting of Common Homicidal Trial Evidence Emily Wood, University of Nevada Reno Do Immigration Status and Cognitive Processing Relate to Capital Jurors’ Sentencing Verdicts and Perceptions of and Weighing of Aggravators and Mitigators?

Fall 2015 Grants-In-Aid Recipients

Shelby Arnold, Drexel University Judges’ and Potential Jurors’ Perceptions of Personality Disorders as a Mitigating Factor in Capital Sentencing Decisions Breanna Boppre, University of Nevada Las Vegas Emotion in the Courtroom: The Effects of Impact Statements on Mock Jurors' Affect, Information Processing, and Sentencing Decisions Kyndra Cleveland, University of California - Irvine Parental Engagement in the Dependency System: Intervening on Behalf of Families Melanie Close, John Jay College of Criminal Justice The Impact of Anti-Bias Jury Instructions on Category- and Feature-Based Racial Bias Logan Ewanation, Carleton University Aboriginal Canadians in the Courtroom: Effects of Defendant, Eyewitness, and Victim Race on Juror Decision-Making in a Criminal Trial Erika Fountain, Georgetown University Juvenile Plea Bargains: The Attorney's Perspective Melissa Kavetski, Florida International University The Field View: An Alternative Eyewitness Identification Procedure Nina MacLean, Texas Tech University Forensic Clinician Diagnostic Reasoning and Assessment Practices

24 Karey O’Hara, University of Arizona An Online Preventative Intervention for Youth Exposed To High-Conflict Parental Divorce/Separation Gent Silberkleit, University of California, Davis Effects of Racial Stereotype on Human Sexual Trafficking Judgments

2016 CONTINUING EDUCATION GRANT AWARD WINNER

Student Recipients: Samantha Andrews University of Cambridge Mina Ratkalkar Drexel University Nina Tupper Maastricht University and the University of Portsmouth Alissa Anderson The University of Toledo Lauren Bailey Adler University

Early Career Professional Recipients: Brandee Goodwin Florida State Hospital Jennifer Cox The University of Alabama Jenna Kieckhaefer California State University, Fresno Lindsey Wilner Wisconsin Department of Corrections Franco Peric State Sexual Offender Civil Commitment Program

2016 AP-LS STUDENT TRAVEL AWARD WINNERS

Each year the division grants travel awards to the 20 students whose proposals received the highest ranking during the conference review process. This year, the following students received these awards:

Mauricio Alvarex University of Nevada, Reno Claire Bryson Sam Houston State University Rachel Carter University of North Texas Daniella Cash Louisiana State University Sarah Filone Drexel University Leticia Gutierrez Carleton University Woojae Han University at Albany Emily Haney-Caron Drexel University Natalie Hoskowitz Sam Houston State University Kiersten Johnson North Carolina State University Megan Kopkin University of Alabama Karissa Leduc McGill University Emily Mackelprang University of Arizona Christine McDermott University of Nevada, Reno Christina Perez Florida International University Allison Rulseh Texas A & M University Stephanie Singer Drexel University

25 Suraji Wagage Drexel University David Schuberth Simon Fraser University Lesley Zannella Ryerson University

MINORITY AFFAIRS COMMITTEE AWARDS

The Minority Affairs Committee (MAC) facilitates activities and develops opportunities within AP-LS that embrace, respect and value diversity. Each year, we administer three competitive award programs, with the aim of increasing the recruitment and retention of diverse students and faculty into the field of psychology and law, and encouraging research by AP-LS members on issues related to diversity in the legal system. We are pleased to announce our 2016 award winners.

Access Path to Psychology-Law Experience: The Minority Affairs Committee seeks to promote diversity within psychology and law by increasing the pipeline of competitive graduate school applicants from groups that currently are underrepresented in the field, including racial and ethnic minorities, first-generation college students, LGBT individuals, and physically disabled students. The 2016 winners are: ArReon Watson, Kenyon College Ashley Kendall, Sam Houston State University Breigh House, University of Evansville Shana Harris, John Jay College of Criminal Justice Rosa Reyes, Arizona State University Adriana Suarez, University of Virginia Rebecca Velez, Arizona State University Erin Walker, Auburn University

Travel Awards: As part of an initiative to increase diversity within AP-LS, the Minority Affairs Committee provides travel awards to students from underrepresented groups who are presenting research at the American Psychology-Law Society Annual Conference. The 2016 winners are: Samantha J. Andrews, University of Cambridge Kyndra Cleveland, University of California - Irvine Robert Gonzalez, Florida International University Rukiya King, John Jay College of Criminal Justice Julio Martin, Florida International University Kendra J. McLaughlin, Carleton University Christina Perez, Florida International University Mina Ratkalkar, Drexel University Manuel J. Sanchez, Arizona State University Sierra Shumate, Palo Alto University

Diversity Research Awards: To promote diversity within the American Psychology-Law Society, the Minority Affairs Committee supports student research on psycho-legal issues

26 related to diversity as well as research by students from underrepresented groups. The 2016 winners are: Manuel J. Sanchez, Arizona State University C. Adam Coffey, University of Alabama Kendra Anderson, University of Central Arkansas Fernanda Rossi, Indiana University Gent Silberkleit, University of California, Davis

Minority Affairs Committee Highlights

The Minority Affairs Committee facilitates and develops opportunities for student scholars who are members of diverse groups, and encourage research related to diversity, in all its forms, in the legal system. We would like to highlight the following presentations, which address diversity-related issues in our field:

Thursday, March 10 Exploring the Effects of Race on Juror Decision Making in Sexual Assault Cases 5:00 PM Chastain F Inmates’ Perceived Threats of Prison Rape and Frequency of Having Sought Mental 5:00 PM Chastain H Health Treatment in Prison: An Examination of Gay, Bisexual, and Straight Incarcerated Men

Friday, March 11 Language and Culture in Forensic Assessment: Appropriate Normative Data in a 8:00 AM Chastain E Hispanic Sample Unequal Justice for Children of Color: Bridging Disciplines, Confronting Race and 8:00 AM Chastain E Culture, and Problem Solving Reform for a Legacy of Disparity Seeing Interrogations in Black and White: Effects of Suspect Race on Perceptions of 3:00 PM Chastain E Coerciveness The Weapon Focus Effect on Memory for Black Versus White Perpetrators 5:20 PM Chastain G Philadelphia’s Police School Diversion Program: Dismantling the School-to-Prison 5:20 PM Chastain I Pipeline Juror Reactions to Islamophobic Hate Crimes 6:30 PM Savannah Authoritarianism as a Moderator for Jury Decisions Regarding Hate Crimes Against 6:30 PM Savannah Homosexuals: A Replication of Cramer et al (2013)

Saturday, March 12 Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Hate, Prejudice, & Discrimination in the Criminal 1:30 PM Chastain E Justice System: Implications for Theory, Research, Policy and Practice Can We Forgive Them? Restoring Perceptions of Police after Race-Related 1:30 PM Chastain F Misconduct The Influence of Defendants’ Immigration Status and Ethnicity and Mock Jurors’ 1:30 PM Chastain J

27 Political Orientation on Sentence Outcomes in a Death Penalty Trial Leniency toward Lesbians: Perceptions of Femininity and Sexual Malleability 3:00 PM Chastain D Affect Punishment of Juvenile Sex Offenders The Value of a Victim: Investigating Race Salience, Defendant Race, and Victim 3:00 PM Chastain F Race on Juror Decision-Making in Canada Diversity’s Impact on the Quality of Jury Deliberations 3:00 PM Chastain F Jury Diversity Increases Leniency and Motivation to Reach a Fair Verdict for 3:00 PM Chastain F African-American – but not White – Defendants Balancing Perspectives: A Collaborative Approach to Reducing Disproportionate 4:10 PM Chastain I Minority Contact Police Shootings and Body Cameras: One Year Post-Ferguson 5:20 PM Chastain D Anger and Aversive Racism: Mock Juror Decisions in a Capital Trial 5:20 PM Chastain D Aversive and Modern Racism: Examining Different Types of Prejudice in a Mock 5:20 PM Chastain D Juror Setting Pre-adjudication Detention of Juveniles: Examining the Interplay of Detention 5:20 PM Chastain D Assessment Instruments, Race, and Gender Exploring the Effects of Race on Juror Decision Making in Sexual Assault Cases 5:20 PM Chastain F Racially Diverse Juries Make White Jurors Feel Less Comfortable and More Self- 6:30 PM Savannah Focused Race-Criminality Stereotypes in Canada and in the United States of America 6:30 PM Savannah Perceived Discrimination, Emotion Regulation, and Emotional Well-Being 6:30 PM Savannah Women Psychologists in the Field of Psychology and Law 6:30 PM Savannah Employment, Race, and Racial Attitude as Factors of Defendant Decision-Making 6:30 PM Savannah Wrongful Convictions and Stereotypical Black Features: When a Face-type 6:30 PM Savannah Facilitates Misidentification

The Minority Affairs Committee commends these scholars for their interest and contributions related to diversity in the legal system. We encourage AP-LS members with an interest in these issues to attend these presentations. For more information about the Minority Affairs Committee, please visit the AP-LS website or contact a committee member.

CONCEPT is pleased to offer Continuing Education (CE) Credit for selected AP-LS Sessions. Anyone interested in obtaining CE credit for attending these sessions can do so by following the steps outlined below. There is a $35 administrative fee for this service but this entitles you to earn up to 21.25 CEs.

1. Register your contact information with CONCEPT

During the checkout process, you will create a username and password. Once the conference begins you will be able to login to the CONCEPT website by clicking the LOGIN link in the top, right corner and access the Dashboard by hovering over the PROGRAMS link.

2. Complete an Evaluation Form ONLINE for each CE-eligible session you attend

During the conference session, or shortly thereafter, login to the CONCEPT website and complete an Evaluation Form for each CE-eligible session you attend.

• Login to the CONCEPT website (login link in top, right corner) • From the Dashboard page, please select APLS 2016 Atlanta under Active Registrations and then select the timeslot during which the session took place (you will then be presented with a list of eligible sessions during that timeslot) • Select the CE-eligible session that you attended and hit the “Start” button to begin the Evaluation Form • Once you have completed/submitted the Evaluation Form, you will be able to download and print your Certificate of Attendance (these do not have to be downloaded or printed right away…the links will accumulate in your Dashboard and you can come back to download and print at your convenience) • To move to an Evaluation Form for another session you attended, you will select the timeslot from the bottom of the page and proceed as above. • You can log in and out multiple times; all your evaluations/certificates will be saved

3. Download and print your Certificate(s) of Attendance at your convenience

Once you get home from the Conference you can simply login to the CONCEPT website and then click the links to download and print your Certificates of Attendance. All Certificates must be downloaded and printed within 1 year.

For more information, please go to: www.concept-ce.com/apls

30 The Oﬃ cial Journal of APA Division 41 (American Psychology-Law Society)

Law and Human Behavior Editor: Margaret Bull Kovera, PhD

T is multidisciplinary journal is dedicated to publishing articles and discussions of issues arising from the relationships between human behavior and the law, the legal system, and the legal process.

2.020 2014 JCR Impact Factor® | Top Law and Psychology Journal! Indexed in MEDLINE® and Westlaw® | Bimonthly | ISSN 0147-7307 www.apa.org/pubs/journals/lhb

Psychology, Public Policy, ONLINE ONLY and Law® Traumatology® Editor: Michael E. Lamb, PhD Oﬃ cial Journal of Green Cross Academy of Traumatology 1.469 2014 JCR Impact Factor®* Editor: Brian E. Bride, PhD Indexed Westlaw® Quarterly | ISSN 1076-8971 Quarterly | eISSN 1085-9373 www.apa.org/pubs/journals/law www.apa.org/pubs/journals/trm

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ALL FEES WAIVED THROUGH 2016! Maximum Exposure, Maximum Impact Make Your Data Citable American Psychologist® Archives of Oﬃ cial Journal of the Scientiﬁ c Psychology® American Psychological Association An Open Methodology, Editor-in-Chief: Anne E. Kazak, PhD, ABPP Collaborative Data Sharing, and Open Access Journal 6.100 2014 JCR Impact Factor®* Indexed MEDLINE® Editor: Cecil Reynolds, PhD, ABPN Nine yearly issues – ISSN: 0003-066X www.apa.org/pubs/journals/amp Open Access Journal eISSN 2169-3269 www.apa.org/pubs/journals/arc

Stay on the forefront of psychological research impacting your work by subscribing to these journals. Visit www.apa.org/pubs/journals for complete information about these and other journals published by the American Psychological Association.

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32 Thursday, March 10, 2016 Talks will conclude with an interactive panel discussion between panelists and attendees. The focus of the conversation will be women leadership in psychology; 001. Executive Committee Meeting however, attendees of all backgrounds will gain a sense of 8:00 AM to 12:00 PM empowerment regarding their own leadership capabilities. Peachtree Ballroom Semi-annual meeting of the Executive Committee Discussant: Jennifer Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University

002. Student Committee Welcome Breakfast and My Career As A Psychologist Conference Orientation Nadine Kaslow, PhD – Emory University School of Medicine 9:00 AM to 10:00 AM Chastain F & G Dr. Nadine Kaslow is the Past President of the American Psychological Association (APA) and a professor and Vice 003. Student Committee Professional Development Event Chair for Faculty Development in the Department of 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Emory University Chastain F & G School of Medicine. She will share her experiences with various leadership roles, the challenges she faced (e.g., 004. Opening Plenary interpersonal conflicts, managing an intense schedule) and the 12:00 PM to 2:00 PM strengths she developed along the way. This discussion will Peachtree Ballroom end with lessons learned and tips for being a good leader. **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Leadership Panel Chair: Jennifer Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University Julie Ancis, PhD – Georgia Institute of Technology; Kimberly Jacob Arriola, PhD – Rollins School of Public Health Emory Measures for Justice: Unlocking Local County Data to University Catalyze Criminal Justice Reform Amy Bach, JD – Measures for Justice Two members of APA’s LIWP, Drs. Julie Ancis and Kimberly Jacob Arriola, will discuss challenges they have After winning the 2010 Robert F. Kennedy Book Award for faced throughout their leadership careers and the most her book Ordinary Injustice: How America Holds Court, Amy important strengths of leadership. Dr. Ancis serves as Georgia Bach founded Measures for Justice, an organization devoted Tech’s Associate Vice President for Institute Diversity. Dr. to quantifying criminal justice system performance. Going Arriola is an Associate Professor in the Rollins School of county-by-county, Measures for Justice gauges system Public Health of Emory University in the Department of performance from the arrest through conviction and Behavioral Sciences and Health Education. Both have served sentencing. Their ongoing initiative to gather data from all in multiple leadership roles and given presentations on this across the United States will allow for comparisons across topic. The presentation will end with an interactive discussion states and jurisdictions, with a focus on what is – and what with the audience. isn’t –working. 006. Children's Disclosures: Overcoming Reluctance, 005. What Does It Take To Be A Leader? Strengths and Understanding Recantation, and Promoting Clarity Challenges 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM Chastain E Chastain D **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

Women who serve in leadership positions face unique The goal of child interviewing is to elicit accurate and challenges. Research suggests that women may be less complete disclosures of transgressions. However, children inclined than men to seek these roles because of poor may be reluctant to disclose adult wrongdoing, and might leadership self-efficacy and that women leaders are perceived even recant their disclosure. The present symposium includes more negatively than their male peers. These findings are laboratory examinations, observational assessments, and filed particularly relevant to psychology as a profession, given the experiments assessing factors that may influence children’s ever-increasing numbers of women entering the field. If disclosure process. The first study, examining 73 6- 9-year- women are to be adequately represented in the profession, it is olds’ willingness to recant disclosures of adult transgressions, critical to promote the knowledge and skills necessary to found that nearly half of children with unsupportive successfully pursue and act in leadership roles, whether it is in caregivers recanted their allegations. The second study, academic, practice, or professional organizational settings. examining 321 reports of 3- 14-year-old alleged victims, With this in mind, Drs. Nadine Kaslow, Julie Ancis, and found that interviewers could be trained to be more sensitive Kimberly Jacob Arriola of APA’s Leadership Institute for and cognitively supportive to overcome child reluctance. The Women in Psychology (LIWP) will discuss the many third study, examining 116 3- 14-year-olds alleging child challenges that they have faced throughout their leadership sexual abuse, found that non-disclosure could be predicted careers and their keys to success. Dr. Kaslow will speak about based on certain abuse characteristics such as the child’s age her experiences for approximately 20 minutes, followed by and relationship to the perpetrator. The fourth study, the other two panelists who will each speak for 10 minutes. examining 120 maltreated 8- 11-year-olds, found that

33 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH suboptimal questioning by interviewers could lead to false acknowledgement of parental coaching. The presented This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cognitive abilities research provides concrete directions for how the field might on the disclosure and non-disclosure of sexual abuse during best overcome reluctance, intervene in cases susceptible to the investigative interview. A total of 116 alleged victims of recantation, and promote clarity during the interviewing child sexual abuse aged between 3 and 14 years old were process. The session will conclude with commentary from an interviewed by police officers using the NICHD protocol. internationally recognized expert on children’s witnessing Participants completed measures of cognitive abilities, abilities. namely intelligence, language and mnemonic abilities. Results indicate that 26.7 % of children did not disclose. Only two Chair: Stacia Stolzenberg Roosevelt, PhD – Arizona State variables were related to children’s non-disclosure: child’s University age (being younger) and perpetrator’s relationship (family Discussant: Gail Goodman, PhD – University of California, member). No cognitive abilities were related to children’s Davis disclosure.

Caregiver Supportiveness and Children’s Willingness to “My Mommy Told Me What Happened”: Maltreated Disclose Wrongdoing: An Experimental Study Children’s Understanding of the Verbs “Ask” and “Tell” Allison Mugno, MS – Florida International University; Kelly McWilliams, PhD – University of Southern California; Lindsay Malloy, PhD – Florida International University Stacia Stolzenberg, PhD – Arizona State University; Thomas Lyon, JD, PhD – University of Southern California There is considerable debate concerning why children recant allegations after disclosing, and it is imperative to examine The present study examined maltreated children’s this phenomenon experimentally. We examined 6- to 9-year- understanding of the verbs “ask” and “tell.” Confusion olds’ willingness to recant disclosure of an adult’s between the terms can lead to children appearing to have been transgression (breaking a puppet) in a second interview coached and to exaggerate the coercive methods utilized by following their mothers’ supportive or unsupportive reactions perpetrators. 120 8-11 year olds were presented with to their disclosure in the first interview. Caregiver reactions interactions where characters either requested or told influenced recantation (explicit denials after disclosing) and information or requested or demanded actions. Children’s more subtle changes in children’s forthcomingness (e.g., understanding was examined using yes/no or forced/choice shifts from disclosure to lack of knowledge/memory). Results questions. Across all questions, children tended to over- advance theoretical understanding of how children disclose endorse epistemic asking as “telling,” and for yes/no negative experiences and have practical implications for those questions, children over-endorsed deontic asking as who evaluate children’s eyewitness testimony. “telling.” Implications for forensic interviewing are discussed. Training Interviewers to Manage Reluctance: Comparing the Revised-NICHD and Elaborated-Revised NICHD 007. Advances in Miranda Assessments: SAMA Protocols Evaluations of Miranda Reasoning and Feigned Elizabeth Ahern, PhD – University of Cambridge; Irit Impairment Hershkowitz, PhD – University of Haifa; Michael Lamb, PhD 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM – University of Cambridge; Uri Blasbalg, MA – University of Chastain F Haifa; Yael Karni-Visel, MA – University of Haifa; Michael **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Breitman, MA – Department of Youth Investigation, Ministry of Labour, Jerusalem, Israel Miranda assessments have the potential of outstripping all other criminal pretrial referrals combined. Rogers (2011) Researchers have recently begun to examine the effects of conservatively estimated that more than 300,000 juvenile and training child interviewers to use rapport to manage victim 600,000 adult arrestees have compromised Miranda abilities reluctance. Fifty-three investigators interviewed 321 3- to 14- at the time of their waivers. Forensic researchers have year-old alleged victims. Support was assessed across the recently developed second-generation measures for assessing elaborated-Revised NICHD Protocol training. Interviewer Miranda abilities including the MRCI (Goldstein et al., 2014) insensitivity to children’s reluctance and inadequate support and the Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities decreased whereas levels of appropriate support increased (SAMA; Rogers et al., 2012). This symposium addresses two over time. Younger children received more appropriate and new lines of investigation: (a) Miranda reasoning and waiver inadequate support than older children. The interviewers decisions in juvenile detainees, and (b) feigned Miranda continued to predominantly use recall-based abilities. utterances. Findings suggest that interviewers can be trained using the elaborated-Revised NICHD Protocol to be both The first three presentations examine how the SAMA more sensitive and emotionally supportive as well as measures can be used to evaluate juvenile Miranda reasoning. cognitively supportive. Setting the stage, the first validation study of the Juvenile Miranda Quiz (JMQ) with convergent and predictive validity Children’s Disclosure of Child Sexual Abuse During is presented. Next, age-related differences (juveniles, Investigative Interviews: Impact of Cognitive Abilities emerging adults, and adults) in Miranda misconceptions for Jacinthe Dion, PhD – University of Québec in Chicoutimi; more than 900 arrestees are investigated. Finally, an analogue Mireille Cyr, PhD – Universite de Montreal

34 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH study how JMQ misconceptions lead to a greater likelihood of detainees’ decisions to ultimately confess were influenced by immediate waivers-confessions is evaluated. strongly held misconceptions, as assessed by the Juvenile All forensic assessment instruments are vulnerable to Miranda Quiz (JMQ; Rogers, 2010), about the nature of their feigning. Based on the floor-effect strategy (i.e., too easy to relationships with police (i.e., viewed as allies) and defense miss), data on adult detainees on two new feigning screens for lawyers (i.e., viewed as adversaries). Policy changes and malingered deficits in Miranda vocabulary and issues pertaining to Miranda evaluations are discussed. misconceptions is presented. Dodging Self-Incriminations: An Examination of Feigned Chair: Allyson Sharf, MS – University of North Texas Miranda Abilities on the SAMA Discussant: Eric Drogin, JD, PhD – Harvard Medical School Richard Rogers, PhD – University of North Texas

Assessing Miranda Reasoning in Juvenile Detainees: Many defendants may be strongly motivated to claim that the Validation of the Juvenile Miranda Quiz and the Miranda Miranda waivers were invalid as only means to suppress their Reasoning Measure devastating confessions. This investigation breaks new Allyson Sharf, MS – University of North Texas; Richard ground in validating two feigning scales for Standardized Rogers, PhD – University of North Texas Assessment of Miranda Abilities (SAMA) using the floor effect (FE). Using a within-subjects simulation design, 128 For decades, researchers have documented the impaired jail detainees in the feigning condition dropped their SAMA comprehension and reasoning demonstrated by adults related scores precipitously. However, previously-developed FE to their waiver of Miranda rights. To address critical Miranda scales prove highly effective for the SAMA Miranda concerns, researchers have developed Miranda-specific Vocabulary Scale and Miranda Quiz (MQ). Effect sizes were assessment instruments. In 2012, Rogers and colleagues very large (ds > 1.50). Of special note, the MQ-FE had both developed the Standardized Assessment of Miranda Abilities sensitivity and specificity in the .9 range. (SAMA) to aid forensic psychologists in Miranda-waiver evaluations. However, they have been not been formally 008. Legal Decision Making 1 validated with juveniles. The current investigation serves as 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM the initial validation of the Juvenile Miranda Quiz (JMQ) and Chastain G Miranda Reasoning Measure (MRM) in a juvenile detainee Chair: Jessica Bregant, JD – University of Chicago population (N=201). The convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the JMQ and MRM are discussed. Beyond Retribution: Early Reasoning About the Functions of Punishment Miranda Misconceptions in Detainees: Does Age Make a Jessica Bregant, JD – University of Chicago Difference? Darby B. Winningham, BS – University of North Texas; We present a new approach that utilizes the insights of Richard Rogers, PhD, ABPP – University of North Texas developmental psychology to shed light on adult ideas about the law, along with the first empirical study to test the Serious Miranda misconceptions can lead to devastating approach. Data from 80 child participants are presented, consequences for custodial suspects resulting from irrational providing evidence that children expect punishment to serve Miranda waivers made during police interrogation. The as a specific deterrent, but finding no evidence that children current study compared Miranda misconceptions across three expect punishment to have a general deterrent effect. We also detainee age groups: adolescents, emerging adults, and adults find that children understand punishment in a way that is using the Miranda Quiz. In general, emerging adults tend to consistent with the expressive theory of law and with have misconceptions at rates that more closely mirror adults expressive retributivism, and we present striking evidence that than juveniles. Surprisingly, juvenile detainees performed an understanding of the value of punishment to the social better on the right to silence and right to legal counsel contract develops throughout childhood. components than both of the adult age groups. These dissimilarities could reflect differences in juvenile and adult Investigating Predictors of True and False Guilty Pleas reasoning as it relates to their experience with the justice Kelsey Henderson, MA – University of Florida; Lora Levett, system. PhD – University of Florida

Confessing in the Dark: Juvenile Detainees' False guilty pleas are a problem in our criminal justice Misconceptions about Legal Rights system, however, we understand little about why they occur. Rachel Carter, MS – University of North Texas; Richard Research points to the attorney’s advice as a factor in plea Rogers, PhD, ABPP – University of North Texas decisions (Viljoen, Klaver, Roesch, 2005). We examined if guilty and innocent students accused of cheating would accept Most juveniles waive their Miranda rights and disclose self- a lab punishment (plea) or go before a Conduct Committee incriminating information (Feld, 2006). However, factors (trial), and if an advocate’s advice (attorney) influenced their contributing to waive-exercise and waive-confess decisions decision. Results suggest innocent individuals are less likely have yet to be explored. Utilizing a mock-crime paradigm, to falsely plead guilty when advised to go to trial than advised implicit waivers drastically increased the likelihood of to accept the plea, given both options, or have no advocate. juvenile detainees (N = 245) talking in an interrogation. Moreover, our findings suggested juvenile

35 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH Judicial Decision Making in Atkins Cases: Examining the eyewitness information. The study conformed to a 2 (age: 4-5 Influence of Psychological Reports and Judicial Attitudes or 7-8) X 2 (experience: familiar or unfamiliar) X 2 Krystal Hedge, PhD – University of Alabama; Karen Salekin, (stereotype induction: negative or none) between-subjects PhD – University of Alabama; Mary Wood – University of factorial design. Children (N=145) participated in a day camp, Alabama; Kathryn Applegate – University of Alabama; and their memory was then tested for a target event. Results Rachel deLacy – University of Alabama indicated the importance of considering both familiarity and stereotypes on children’s memory performance depending on The current study examined the influence of psychological age and question type (open- or closed-ended). The findings assessment report style, report content, and judicial attitudes are discussed in relation to memory development generally toward intellectual disability (ID) in predicting case outcome and child eyewitness memory specifically. in a mock Atkins case. Results indicated the general style in which psychological assessment reports were written was The Influence of Rap Music Stereotypes on Inferences of predictive of the final case outcome. In addition, the results of Threat this study revealed attitudes toward and experience with ID Adam Dunbar; Charis Kubrin, PhD – University of were less influential in judicial decision-making than California-Irvine hypothesized. However, factual knowledge of ID was revealed to be a significant predictor of final case outcome. Across the U.S. rap lyrics are being treated like evidence of The limitations of this study and directions for future research guilt, rather than art or entertainment. Scholars are concerned will be discussed. that police and jurors are using stereotypes about rap to evaluate the lyrics. Two experiments are used to examine how Misjudging Defendant Demeanor: Estimating the stereotypes about rap influence the evaluation of violent lyrics Prevalence in DNA Exoneration Cases and the lyricist. Results indicate that the association between Wendy Heath, PhD – Rider University violent lyrics and perceived threat is more strongly activated when lyrics are categorized as rap compared to other genres. Trial transcripts for 122 exonerees (over 137,000 pages of This research has implications for policing and prosecution transcripts) from The Innocence Project were analyzed to strategies that draw on stereotypes of crime, which estimate how often perpetrator/defendant emotion potentially disproportionately impact the black community. plays a role in cases in which the defendant was wrongfully convicted. Emotion was mentioned in the transcripts of 82% Hindsight Bias in Clinical Decision-Making of the exonerees. For transcripts that included emotion, 83% Amanda Beltrani – John Jay College; Amanda Reed, MA – of the content was judged to be incriminating. Incriminating CUNY/John Jay College; Patricia Zapf, PhD – John Jay emotion was evident in all phases of the perpetrator/defendant College of Criminal Justice experience. Trial witnesses were asked to provide details on the emotional display by the perpetrator during the crime, as The tendency for an individual to believe that a specific event well as by the defendant during questioning/interrogation and in hindsight was more predictable than it was in foresight is trial and sentencing. known as hindsight bias (HSB). For decades, researchers have demonstrated this robust phenomenon in several populations. If Your Body “talks” Will the Courts Listen? This study used a sample of mental health professionals to Helene Love, LLM – University of Toronto explore the existence of HSB in forensic evaluations. Preliminary analyses reveal that evaluators who were Though studies in psychology have long established that provided with outcome information regarding risk assessment people are not very good at detecting a liar, in the legal arena, evaluations were significantly more likely to indicate that they it is widely believed that the ability to view a witness’s would have predicted the outcome than evaluators who were conduct and demeanour as they answer questions in court is not provided with outcome information. Implications and an important way to get at the truth. This paper reviews the future directions are discussed. role of demeanour in the determination of legal matters, and highlights the need for greater clarity in this emerging area of Reducing Stigma Toward Exonerees: The Impact of the law. Education Kimberly Clow, PhD - University of Ontario Institute of 009. Stereotypes and Bias Technology; Maaha Farrukh; Rosemary Ricciardelli, PhD - 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM Memorial University Chastain H Chair: Gent Silberkleit, BA – University of California, Davis Even after exoneration, wrongly convicted individuals encounter stigma. Individuals who falsely confessed may be Who Spilled the Jelly? Familiarity, Stereotypes, and Child particularly at risk. The current research attempts to improve Memory attitudes toward exonerees. Using existing educational videos Gent Silberkleit, BA – University of California, Davis; Ingrid from the Innocence Project, we found that exposure to brief Cordon; Gail Goodman, PhD – University of California, exoneree testimonials (3-5 minutes) was enough to reduce Davis negative feelings toward exonerees in comparison to a control condition. Viewing an individual who was mistakenly This study concerned how the acquisition of social identified led to significantly less negativity than viewing an information influences young children’s ability to report

36 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH individual who falsely confessed. Implications for reducing An Investigation of the Relationship Between PTSD, the stigma that exonerees experience will be discussed. Psychopathy, and Recidivism in Juvenile Offenders Amy Gambow, PhD - Emory University; Amanda Fanniff, The Science of Science Offers Solutions to Cognitive Bias PhD – Palo Alto University in Forensic Psychology Tess Neal, PhD – Arizona State University; Michael Saks, Previous literature has demonstrated a relationship between PhD, MSL – Arizona State University childhood maltreatment and PTSD as well as with psychopathic characteristics. The current study examined the The ‘science of science’ (SOS) is the study of the causes overlap between PTSD and psychopathic traits as well as their errors of observation as well as methods for preventing relationship to recidivism in a diverse sample of 1,354 serious them. SOS has been applied to minimize human bias and juvenile offenders from the Pathways to Desistance error in two major legal contexts to date: lineup identification study. PTSD symptoms were correlated with psychopathic procedures and forensic science. A growing body of evidence traits in juvenile offenders, particularly with documents cognitive bias in forensic psychology–which, we impulsivity/antisociality. Additionally, PTSD and argue, is the next frontier for the application of SOS in legal psychopathic traits independently predicted recidivism, contexts. This paper introduces and calls for research on five though psychopathy was no longer predictive in the model particular applications of SOS to address bias in forensic that included PTSD. Implications and limitations will be psychology: Linear Sequential Unmasking, distinguishing discussed. domain-specific from domain-irrelevant information, videotaping evaluations, using standardized bodies of The Utility of Psychopathic Traits and Comorbid information, and independence of observations. Internalizing Problems in Predicting Psychosocial Adjustment Among a Sample of Canadian Youth on 010. Corrections Committee: Standardized Offender Risk Probation Levels in Corrections and Forensic Mental Health David Schuberth, MA - Simon Fraser University; Catherine 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM Shaffer, MA – Simon Fraser University; Robert McMahon, Chastain I PhD – Simon Fraser University; Kevin Douglas, PhD – **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Simon Fraser University; Jodi Viljoen, PhD – Simon Fraser University Chair: Sarah Manchak Current research suggests considerable heterogeneity among This is an invited address on the topic of sex offenders and youth with psychopathic traits, with comorbid internalizing corrections from Dr. Karl Hanson, one of North America's symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression, and traumatic-stress) leading experts on sex offender risk assessment and treatment. predicting poorer behavioral/psychosocial outcomes. This study examined the incremental validity and moderating 011. Antisocial/Psychopathic Youth effects of internalizing symptoms on violent re-offense and 2:15 PM to 3:35 PM measures of psychosocial adjustment in a culturally diverse Chastain J Canadian sample of 152 youth on probation. Results **Session Eligible for CE Credit** demonstrated significant incremental predictive validity and moderating effects of all three internalizing symptoms, with Chair: Laurel Mattos, MA – Sam Houston State University greater comorbid psychopathic traits and internalizing symptoms predicting more violent re-offense and poorer Therapeutic Alliance and Treatment Outcome: The Role psychosocial adjustment. Findings promote the consideration of Callous-Unemotional Traits of internalizing symptomology in rehabilitative and risk Laurel Mattos, MA – Sam Houston State University; Adam management planning for justice-involved youth with Schmidt, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Craig psychopathic traits. Henderson, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Aaron Hogue, PhD – The National Center on Addiction and Dimensional Personality Traits Associated with Substance Abuse at Columbia University Problematic Behavior Alexandria Johnson, MA - The University of Alabama; Martin Antisocial youth with significant callous-unemotional (CU) Sellbom, PhD; Andrea Glenn, PhD - The University of traits have a pattern of aggressive behavior and are especially Alabama resistant to treatment, but few studies have examined how these youth function in therapy. The role of therapeutic This study aimed to distinguish personality traits associated alliance and CU traits in predicting outcomes was examined with a variety of different problematic externalizing behaviors as part of a larger randomized naturalistic trial of outpatient that can predispose young people toward deviant behavior and treatment for adolescents in a usual care setting. A positive criminal activity. In order to do this, a wide range of therapeutic alliance predicted reductions in delinquent externalizing behaviors (e.g. alcohol and drug use, risky behavior, and this association was even stronger for youth driving, aggressive acts, sexual promiscuity and relationship higher in CU traits. The therapeutic alliance may be an infidelity, academic misconduct, etc.) typical among an important mechanism for affecting meaningful change for undergraduate population were examined along with a range these adolescents. of personality traits measured using the recently proposed personality model for the DSM-5. Results revealed

37 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH externalizing behavior is best associated with the domain TBI, other mental health diagnoses, substance abuse issues, level trait Antagonism and, to a lesser degree, Disinhibition. and elevated risk factors (e.g., victimization, self-harm) were observed to create a “snapshot” of the individual with TBI Trauma, PTSD, and Psychopathy: Exploring the history. These findings have important implications pertaining Relationship in a Diverse Undergraduate Sample for treatment; clinicians could concurrently treat TBI, Kristen Davis, BA - Palo Alto University; Marissa Vasquez, psychiatric issues, and/or substance abuse issues, which may BA - Palo Alto University; Michelle Mosich BA - Palo Alto reduce recidivism rates. University; Raquel Morson; Christopher Weaver, PhD - Palo Alto University Justice-Involved Individuals and Traumatic Brain Injury Project: Evaluation of Training Curricula The relationship between psychopathy and PTSD remains Tyler Camaione, BS - University of Denver; Ravid Gur, BA – controversial. Some experts report that PTSD and University of Denver; Laura Meyer, PhD – University of psychopathy are mutually exclusive or inversely related Denver; Bradley McMillan, PhD – Denver County Jail; Kim constructs. However, other researchers argue that Gorgens, PhD, ABPP (RP) – University of Denver; Judy comorbidity of these disorders is possible. Evidence suggests Dettmer, MSW – Colorado Brain Injury Program; Neil that different components or types of psychopathy (i.e., Gowensmith, PhD – University of Denver primary/secondary) may interact differently with PTSD. The present study seeks to clarify the relationship between In 2014, the Colorado Brain Injury Program was awarded psychopathy, trauma, and PTSD within a diverse grants from the Colorado Office of Behavioral Health and the undergraduate sample. Results suggest that there is a Health Resources and Services Administration to support relationship between psychopathy, trauma, and PTSD, though programming for justice-involved individuals with Traumatic the specifics of the relationship are dependent on the Brain Injury (TBI). TBI-specific trainings were developed for particular aspects of psychopathy that are present. mental health, civilian, and officer staff at Denver County Jail. The results of the mental health (n = 9) pre-training 012. Traumatic Brain Injury surveys are reported here. Analyses revealed that they had 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM more knowledge of grief, stages of change and the use of the Chastain D TBI screening tool than of brain injury classification and **Session Eligible for CE Credit** etiology. Posttests will assess long-term retention at three months. Chair: Eric Elbogen, PhD – UNC-Chapel Hill Conduct Problems Drive Executive Functioning Deficits in Cognitive and Affective Factors in Aggressive Behavior Adolescents At-Risk for Juvenile Justice System Among Military Veterans with PTSD and TBI Involvement Following Traumatic Brain Injury Eric Elbogen, PhD - UNC-Chapel Hill; Michelle Cueva; Kelsey Maloney, BS - Sam Houston State University; Adam Brett Gardner; Matthew McNally Schmidt, PhD - Sam Houston State University; Gerri Hanten, PhD; Harvey Levin, PhD; Xiaoqi Li, MS About half of veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) also meet criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), which Juvenile justice involved adolescents possess a variety of risk combined can be associated with cognitive impairment and factors exacerbating their course and complicating affective dysfunction. To investigate this, data from several intervention, one of which is the influence of traumatic brain studies on veterans' mental health were analyzed. Compared injury (TBI) which can lead to executive function (EF) to other veterans, those with comorbid TBI+PTSD reported deficits. The current study examined EF as measured by the significantly higher difficulty planning and reasoning, had Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) significantly lower scores on the Stroop Color-Word across five time points spanning two years in four closely Interference measuring disinhibition, and had higher rates of matched groups: children sustaining a moderate to severe TBI aggression and violence in the past year. Cognitive and or an orthopedic injury (OI) with or without a pre-injury affective factors should be addressed clinically for Veterans history of conduct problems. Results indicate that conduct with TBI+PTSD to improve post-deployment adjustment. problems contribute strongly to executive function deficits across populations and time points. Traumatic Brain Injury and Traumatic History Thomas Eddy, BA - University of Denver; Kim Gorgens, PhD 013. Alternative Courts – University of Denver; Judy Dettmer, BSW – Colorado 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM Traumatic Brain Injury Program; Laura Meyer, PhD – Chastain E University of Denver; W. Gowensmith, PhD – University of **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Denver Chair: Deborah Goldfarb, JD – University of California, A pool of individuals (n=216) were screened for Traumatic Davis Brain Injury (TBI) history and gross cognitive deficits using semi structured clinical interviewing and neuropsychological Parents’ Understanding and Attitudes About the screening batteries at Denver County Jail. Trauma history and Dependency Court Process categorical mental health diagnoses were analyzed using Kyndra Cleveland, MA - University of California, Irvine; Jodi descriptive statistics. In this population, a high prevalence of Quas – University of California, Irvine

38 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH Domestic Violence Courts (DVCs) have become a popular A great deal of attention has been devoted to documenting model in the problem-solving court system. To date, there children’s legal experiences, including those concerning their have been no efforts to summarize the literature regarding the involvement in dependency cases. Such insight is critical in impact of DVCs on recidivism. The present study is a meta- informing policies that profoundly affect children and analysis of 21 DVC outcome studies. Results indicate that families. However, another group of individuals involved in DVCs have minimal impacts on general and domestic dependency cases has been virtually overlooked: children’s violence recidivism, compared to DV offenders processed parents, whose experiences and understanding of their case through the traditional system. The study also examined study can affect their behaviors, decisions, and the case’s eventual and treatment quality (adherence to risk, need and outcome. The current study systematically examined parents’ responsivity; RNR) in the DVC literature. The results showed understanding and attitudes about the dependency system, that study quality was generally poor; and, adherence to RNR providing valuable information that can facilitate the pursuit principles was low. of justice for all participants in dependency cases. 014. Jury Decision Making 1 Family Treatment Drug Court: A Program Evaluation 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM Katherine Hazen, BS - University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lori Chastain F Hoetger, MA, JD - University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Jennie Chair: Erik J. Girvan, JD, PhD – University of Oregon Cole-Mossman; Kelli Hauptman; Eve Brank, JD, PhD - University of Nebraska-Lincoln Effects of Coherence and Contamination on Juror Appraisals of Forensic Science Testimony One juvenile judge in a large Mid-western city established a Jeff Kukucka, PhD - Towson University; Victoria Lawson, specialized problem solving court, the Family Treatment Drug PhD – CUNY Institute for State & Local Governance Court (FTDC). Problem solving courts rely on judicial leadership to engage the defendants and keep them motivated This study tested whether appraisals of forensic science throughout the process. As part of a larger project evaluation, testimony are affected by the expert’s use of blinding researchers interviewed parents in the FTDC and in a control procedures and/or their exposure to biasing information. group. The families in the FTDC perceived that they received Participants read the testimony of a fingerprint examiner who significantly more praise from the judge than did those in the concluded that a crime-relevant print did or did not match the control group. The results indicate that the changes in the defendant (or was inconclusive). When cross-examined, the FTDC positively impact the defendants’ perceptions of the examiner explained that he had seen the defendant’s judge and the court. confession or was purposely kept unaware of it (or neither). Participants’ judgments were unaffected by the latter The Importance of Voice: Legal Socialization and manipulation, suggesting little appreciation of the potential Dependency Court for bias. Notably, when fingerprint evidence implicated the Deborah Goldfarb, JD - University of California, Davis; defendant, participants rated his interrogation as less coercive. Sarah Tashjian, JD – University of California, Los Angeles; Gail Goodman, PhD – University of California, Davis; Psychological and Structural Bias in Civil Jury Awards Daniel Bederian-Gardner – University of California, Davis; Erik Girvan, JD, PhD - University of Oregon; Heather Sue Hobbs – University of California, Davis; Ingrid Cordon, Marek, MA – University of Oregon PhD – State of California; Christin Ogle, PhD – Duke University; Sarah Bakanosky; Rachel Narr – University of We describe and test a psychological and structural Virginia; Yoojin Chae, PhD – Texas Tech University framework for when a plaintiff’s race, ethnicity, and gender are most likely to impact civil jury awards. We also introduce A procedural justice model of legal socialization theory a methodological innovation for estimating the race/ethnicity suggests that higher quality of voice opportunities, regardless of parties in such cases. Results of analysis of jury awards in a of whether those opportunities are in-court or out-of-court, sample of actual tort cases were consistent with the psycho- should lead to more favorable views of legal involvement. To structural framework. Where jurors had discretion they test this procedural justice proposal, we interviewed 17-year- awarded less to Black plaintiffs than to White plaintiffs. old foster youth and 17-year-old non-foster youth (N = 110) Where jurors had less discretion they awarded less to female regarding their perceptions of and, where applicable, plaintiffs and more to Asian plaintiffs than to male and White experiences with, the dependency court system. Analyses plaintiffs, respectively, a reflection of structural income confirmed that quality of voice opportunities was a significant disparities. predictor of legal attitudes. It remained a significant predictor even after controlling for quantity of voice opportunities. Juror Decisions in a Case with Evidence from Co- Implications for legal socialization theory will be discussed. Eyewitnesses Zoe Arthurson-McColl, MA - University of Florida; Lora Do Domestic Violence Courts Work? A Meta-analytic Levett, PhD - University of Florida Review Examining Treatment and Study Quality Leticia Gutierrez, Doctoral Candidate - Public Safety Multiple eyewitnesses are thought to be common; however, Canada; Julie Blais, PhD – Carleton University there is little research that shows how jurors use information from co-witnesses. Mock jurors read a trial stimulus in which we manipulated whether the eyewitnesses chose the defendant

39 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH or rejected the lineup, discussed the crime, and communicated is sparse and inconsistent. Participants (n = 312) were about their lineup decisions. Jurors rendered the most guilty randomly assigned to be either a lineup administrator or a verdicts in conditions in which both witnesses identified the witness; administrators presented witnesses with either a defendant, followed by conditions in which one witness target-present or target-absent sequential lineup, and were identified the defendant and one rejected the lineup, followed either blind to the identity of the suspect or not. These by conditions in which both witnesses rejected the lineup. interactions were videorecorded. Blind lineups significantly However, the co-witness contamination variables had little reduced mistaken (but not correct) identifications, and also effect on outcomes. significantly reduced witnesses’ confidence in those false identifications, effects that were mediated by administrators’ Keep Your Bias to Yourself: How Does Deliberating with non-verbal behavior. Differently Biased Others Affect Jurors’ Decisions, Memories, and Evidence Interpretation? Eyewitness Identification for Multiple Perpetrator Christine Ruva, PhD - University of South Florida Sarasota- Crimes: Testing for Sequential Dependencies in Multiple Manatee Identification Decisions Nina Tupper, BA - Maastricht University, University of This research is part of a multi-study project exploring how Portsmouth; Melanie Sauerland, PhD – Maastricht pretrial publicity (PTP: negative-defendant, negative-victim, University; James Sauer, PhD – University of Tasmania; and unrelated) and jury composition (Pure-PTP vs. Mixed- Stephen Charman, PhD – Florida International University; PTP) affect jurors’ decisions, memories, and evidence Lorraine Hope, PhD – University of Portsmouth; Nick interpretation in a criminal trial. Mock-jurors (N=646) Broers, PhD – Maastricht University deliberated on juries (N=126) consisting of jurors exposed to the same type of PTP (Pure juries) or mixed-PTP exposure Research in perception and recognition demonstrates that a (e.g., half exposed to PTP and half not exposed). Both PTP current decision can be influenced by previous ones, meaning and jury composition affected juror/jury decisions. PTP that multiple separate responses are not independent. influenced evidence interpretation and juror memory. Experiments 1 and 2 test whether initial identification Evidence interpretation mediated the effects of PTP and jury decisions impact the accuracy and choosing of subsequent composition on decisions. Implications regarding bias transfer identification responses. Participants watched an event and correction will be discussed. involving three perpetrators and later made identification decisions from target-present or target-absent show-ups. In 015. Lineup Procedures 1 experiment 1, accuracy and choosing were impacted by 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM target-presence. Furthermore, accuracy on the final show-up Chastain G was affected by the accuracy of the first decision. Study 2 Chair: Marc W. Patry, PhD – Saint Mary's University aimed to replicate the effect testing eight possible conditions of target presence. No Evidence of Publication Bias: A P-Curve Analysis of Sequential and Simultaneous Line-Ups Eyewitness Facial Expressions: Can They Predict Lineup Andrew Evelo, MA - John Jay College and the Graduate Accuracy? Center, CUNY; Margaret Bull Kovera, PhD - John Jay Marc Patry, PhD - Saint Mary’s University; Christina College of Criminal Justice Connors – Saint Mary’s University; Victoria Patterson – Saint Mary’s University; Nicole Mallay – Saint Mary’s Some scholars implicate publication bias as the cause of University; Jessica Campbell – Saint Mary’s University; declining significant effects in research on recommended Steven Smith – Saint Mary’s University eyewitness procedures, including the sequential lineup. We tested for publication bias in the literature comparing the It is well known that there are problems with eyewitness effects of the sequential lineup to the simultaneous lineup memory. Subtle emotional reactions, which may be so brief as using the p-curve technique. Distributions of the observed p- to escape conscious awareness, may register on the human values were skewed to the right in perpetrator-absent and face. Two studies examined the hypothesis that witness facial perpetrator present tests, indicating true effects. These results expressions would differentiate between accurate and converge with results from recent meta-analyses (e.g., misidentifications (Study 1 N = 133, Study 2 N = 127). Steblay, Dysart, and Wells, 2011); it is unlikely that Participants viewed simulated mock crimes followed by publication bias is the cause of declining effects or recent sequential lineups. Eyewitness facial expressions were later failed replications. coded using the Facial Action Coding System. Preliminary data analysis does not show support for the hypothesized Blind Sequential Lineup Administration Decreases Both relationship between eyewitness facial expressions and lineup False Identifications and Confidence in Those identification accuracy. Identifications Steve Charman, PhD - Florida International University; 016. Victims and Trauma Vanessa Quiroz – Florida International University 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM Chastain H Although recommended by researchers, empirical data **Session Eligible for CE Credit** supporting the need for blind lineup administration – in which the administrator does not know the identity of the suspect – Chair: Heather L. Price, PhD – University of Regina

40 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH Carly Hanks, MS - Palo Alto University; Rami Mogannam – Disclosure Transmission from Peers to Adults Palo Alto University; Jennifer Conkey – Palo Alto University; Heather Price, PhD - University of Regina; Angela Evans, Amanda Fanniff, PhD – Palo Alto University PhD – Brock University; Kaila Bruer, MA – University of Regina Easier access to the Internet has significantly changed the way we encounter and consume sexually explicit material. This is Despite important advances in understanding to whom especially true for children who can easily access online children disclose, there is limited understanding of one of the pornography. Given the increasing likelihood of early most common groups of disclosure recipients – peers. In this exposure and evidence suggesting negative effects, it is study we explored children’s disclosures of a transgression to important to understand early experiences to pornographic peers and tracked the transmission of those disclosures to material. The current study seeks to examine college interviews with adults. Many children disclosed the students’ reports of their first exposure to pornography transgression to peers, and peer recipients were likely to pass including the circumstances of exposure, nature of materials this disclosure on to adults. However, among children who viewed, and their reactions. Implications regarding the self- disclosed to peers, a notable minority were selective in their reported effects of early exposure will be discussed. disclosure and did not also disclose to an adult. Disclosure likelihood was influenced by background information 017. Risk and Recidivism provided to peer interviewers. 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM Chastain I Gender, Maltreatment, and Pornography Use **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Lisa Cannizzaro, MS - Palo Alto University; Patricia McCormick, BCJ, BA – Palo Alto University; Noelle Mathew, Chair: Evan M. Lowder, MS – North Carolina State BS – Palo Alto University; Amanda Fanniff, PhD – Palo Alto University University Models of Protection Against Recidivism in Adults with Pornography consumption, particularly violent pornography, Mental Illnesses has been linked with sexually coercive behavior in individuals Evan Lowder, MS - North Carolina State University; Sarah with certain risk factors. Those who experienced childhood Desmarais, PhD - North Carolina State University; Candalyn maltreatment have higher rates of these risk factors (e.g., Rade, MS - North Carolina State University; John Petrila, callous-unemotional traits) and there is initial evidence of JD, LLM - University of South Florida; Richard Van Dorn, higher rates of pornography usage in this population as PhD - RTI International well. The present study explored whether maltreatment predicted exposure to violent and heterosexual pornography Protective factors may help guide the risk assessment, in male and female college students. Emotional abuse and management, and supervision of adult offenders. However, neglect both significantly predicted violent pornography associations between protective factors, risk factors, and consumption. Gender moderated the relationship between adverse outcomes in this population remain unclear. Drawing emotional abuse and heterosexual pornography use. on models proposed in adolescent research, we evaluated five Limitations, implications and future directions will be models of protection vis-à-vis recidivism in justice-involved discussed. adults with mental illnesses (N=224). Findings revealed direct and independent associations of risk and protective factors Describing the Difficulties with Current Treatment for with recidivism and support consideration of protective Sex Trafficking Victims & Providing Effective factors in risk assessment and management of adult offenders. Alternatives Future research should explore the potentially dynamic nature Keshia Prince, MA - Alliant International University; of these models and develop strategies for targeting protective Christine Fisher, MA - Alliant International University factors in practice.

Human trafficking has been gaining much awareness recently, Predictive Validity of the Level of Service/Case especially in the area of the commercial sexual exploitation of Management Inventory (LS/CMI) in Scotland: General children (C-SEC). Some states have passed Safe harbor laws and Violent Recidivism that decriminalize adolescent prostitution by diverting youth James Lant, MA - Multi-Health Systems; Kevin Williams, prostitutes to programs instead of incarceration (Shields & PhD – Multi-Health Systems Letourneau, 2015). Even with diversion to programs, there are no empirically researched treatments for victims of sex The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory is a trafficking. Trauma focused cognitive behavioral therapy is widely-used fourth-generation general risk/need assessment, commonly suggested, but there are many flaws when using it though little is known about its psychometric properties with this population. The following proposes the use of outside of North America. This study represents the first Motivational Interviewing in conjunction with Dialectical examination of the LS/CMI’s predictive validity in Scotland Behavioral Therapy (DBT) as an effective treatment for this (N = 1,948). Results demonstrated that the LS/CMI was population. predictive of general and violent recidivism (i.e., reconvictions), and that strengths in each of the eight First Experiences with Pornography: Who, What, Why, risk/need areas were associated with lower recidivism When, & Where? rates. Importantly, results were consistent for male and

41 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH female offenders. These results provide valuable empirical of care across all asylum evaluations. This paper will briefly support for the application of the LS/CMI internationally as discuss the asylum process upon entering the United States of an offender management system. America. Additionally, cultural concerns will be addressed based on the nationality of applicants; and lastly, guidelines Predicting Outcome Using Risk Assessments with Insanity will be integrated and expanded upon based on the different Acquittees on Conditional Release types of asylum claims. Michael Vitacco, PhD - Augusta University; Elena Balduzzi, PsyD; Kimberly Rideout, PsyD – Oregon State Hospital; Improving Collaboration Between Attorneys and Shelley Banfe, MA; Juliet Britton, JD Psychologists: An Evaluation of the Role of Psychology and Law on Denied Asylum Cases Risk assessment with individuals adjudicated not guilty by Adrianna Phillpot, MS - Nova Southeastern University; reason of insanity (NGRI) is critical for decision-making of Jessica Davis, MS; Courtney Gibson, MS suitability for conditional release (CR). Risk assessments have proven useful in identifying individuals most at-risk for In immigration asylum procedures, foreign nationals petition having their conditional release revoked. This study evaluated to remain indefinitely in the United States for fear of risk assessment and clinical data with 200 individuals found experiencing trauma and persecution if they return to their NGRI and returned to the community. Analyses found clinical home country. In this non-directive, empirical study the variables did not predict conditional release revocation. authors will compare transcripts from asylum cases in order to However, a combination of items from the HCR-20 did compare prevalent reasons for either the approval or denial of predict outcome. Implications for risk assessment and the foreign nationals’ petition. The authors will then analyze successful management of insanity acquittees on conditional the data and discuss how the findings can contribute to the release are discussed. psychological assessment of asylum petitioners, as well as how the findings can impact lawyer’s strategies for filing 018. Asylum and Immigration asylum petitions on behalf of their clients. 3:50 PM to 4:50 PM Chastain J The Presence of Trauma in a Forensic Immigration **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Sample Adrianna Phillpot, MS - Nova Southeastern University; Chair: Sarah Filone, MS – Drexel University Jessica Davis, MS; Diandra Calderin, MS

Assessing “Credible Fear”: A Psychometric Examination Every year numerous foreign nationals from a wide array of of the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in the Context of cultural backgrounds enter the United States Immigration Immigration Court Evaluations court system. The life experiences of these individuals are Sarah Filone, MS - Drexel University; David DeMatteo, JD, heavily influenced by their cultural backgrounds, and they can PhD – Drexel University have an immense impact on the well-being of these individuals. In this non-directive, empirical study the authors Mental health professionals commonly assess immigrants in will compare reports of traumatic experiences from archived the service of immigration court decision-making. These competency evaluations in order to assess for the prevalent assessments present several challenges, including the trauma patterns among various cultural backgrounds. assessment of trauma-related symptoms across cultural bounds. The present study examines the utility of the Trauma 019. Empirical Examinations of Children's Lie-Telling Symptom Inventory-2 (TSI-2) within this context. One and Truth-Telling Behaviors hundred de-identified TSI-2 profiles were drawn from 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM existing immigration assessment files and will be analyzed to Chastain D determine whether the TSI-2 is appropriate for use with this **Session Eligible for CE Credit** population, whether there are differences in clinical or validity scales compared with the TSI-2 standardization This symposium examines children’s lie-telling and truth- sample, and whether separate norms are required for the telling as well as strategies for identifying and overcoming assessment of immigrant and non-western populations. children’s deception and reluctance. The first study examined the effects of a hypothetical putative confession (HPC) on 206 Bridging the Gap Between Psychology and Law for maltreated and non-maltreated 4-9-year-olds. Children given Asylum Seekers: Assessment Guidelines for Psychologists the HPC were twice as likely to truthfully disclose a Jessica Davis, MS - Nova Southeastern University; Diandra transgression prior to direct questioning as those who did not Calderin, MS – Nova Southeastern University receive the HPC. The second study, with 127 6-11 year olds, examined the influence of children’s age, gender, and Immigration is a growing concern for America. Specifically, interviewer gender on children’s willingness to lie and their the issue of Asylum has become more prominent. Lawyers are forthcomingness about an observed transgression. Results seeking psychological services and evaluations more suggest that truth-tellers were more forthcoming and willing frequently for those individuals entering the United States as to disclose compared to lie-tellers, and boys were more asylum seekers. Consequently, there is a need for forthcoming than girls. Differences in forthcomingness were psychologists to understand where their cultural competencies also found between children who falsely denied compared to lie, and a need to set specific guidelines to ensure a standard falsely reporting. The third study examined the relation

42 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH between parental suggestibility and 61 4-year-old children’s suggestibility was also assessed. Parent suggestibility was deception. Parental suggestibility was associated with anti- associated with more frequent antisocial lie-telling among social, but not prosocial, lie-telling in children. The final children during the first, but not the second study will examine the differences between the true and visit. Suggestibility was not associated with prosocial lie- parentally coached false reports of 96 5-14 year telling, and parent reports of children’s lie-telling frequency olds. Commentary will be provided by an internationally were unrelated to their lie-telling at either visit. Implications recognized expert on child forensic interviewing. of these findings will be discussed

Chair: Kelly McWilliams, PhD – University of Southern Children Who Are Coached to Lie: Can We Explain Why California these Children Are so Believable? Discussant: Michael E. Lamb, PhD – University of Kelly Warren, PhD - Grenfell Campus, Memorial University Cambridge of Newfoundland; Carole Peterson, PhD – Memorial University of Newfoundland; Cassy Gillingham, BA – The Hypothetical Putative Confession and Increasing Memorial University of Newfoundland Children’s Accurate Disclosures of Adult Transgressions Stacia Stolzenberg Roosevelt, PhD - Arizona State University; Children are sometimes coached by adults to make false Thomas Lyon, Phd, JD – University of Southern California accusations of abuse or maltreatment. If these children successfully lie, innocent individuals may be punished for The present study examined the effectiveness of a crimes they did not commit. Differences in the quantity and hypothetical putative confession (“what if I said the suspect quality of information provided by children who were versus told me everything that happened and he wants you to tell the were not coached were examined. Quantitative and truth”) on 206 4-9-year-olds’ reports of a transgression. All qualitative differences were found. For example, there were children played with toys, and for some, toys broke. no differences in the length of true versus false stories, but Afterwards, half received a hypothetical putative confession children who were coached told lengthier stories than those at the beginning of an interview. These children were nearly who were not. Identification of differences may help in twice as likely to truthfully disclose the transgression prior to developing methods of telling whether children have been yes/no questioning as those who did not; no false reports coached to lie. occurred prior to yes/no questions, suggesting that the hypothetical putative confession is a promising method. 020. Police, Investigations, and Interrogations 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM The Effects of Children’s Age, Gender, and Interviewer Chastain E Gender on Children’s Disclosure of a Theft Chair: Jennifer Willard, PhD – Kennesaw State University Ida Foster, MA - McGill University; Joshua Wyman, MA – McGill University; Donia Tong, BA – McGill University; Friendship Closeness and Willingness to Falsely Take the Victoria Talwar, PhD – McGill University Blame Jennifer Willard, PhD - Kennesaw State University; Children (n = 127; ages 6-11) witnessed an experimenter Stephanie Madon, PhD – Iowa State University; Max Guyll, either take or not take $20 from a wallet, and were asked to PhD – Iowa State University either lie or tell the truth about the incident. This study examined whether children’s age, gender, and interviewer Self-reports of voluntary false confessors and research gender influenced children’s willingness to lie and their investigating prosocial behavior suggest that the relationship forthcomingness to disclose about the incident in an between the giver and receiver of aid matters. We examined interview. Truth-tellers were more forthcoming and willing to this proposition by manipulating relationship closeness to disclose about the event compared to lie-tellers, and boys determine its effect on people’s willingness to take the blame. were more forthcoming than girls. Differences in Participants thought of either a close or casual friend and read forthcomingness were found between children who lied when one of two scenarios describing a minor offense committed by falsely denying the theft compared to falsely accusing another the friend. In both scenarios, participants were more willing to of the crime. take the blame in the close rather than the casual friend condition. Perceived reciprocity and empathy each uniquely Lie to Me: Parent Suggestibility, Beliefs About Children’s and independently mediated the effect, whereas distress Lies and Children’s Lie-Telling concerns did not. Mawia Khogali, BA - John Jay School of Criminal Justice; Laure Brimbal, MA – John Jay School of Criminal Justice; Applying the Procedural Justice Model to Juror Decision- Daisy Segovia, PhD – Orange Coast College; Victoria Making: Predicting Decisions When Police Officer Talwar, PhD – McGill University; Angela Crossman, PhD – Eyewitnesses Testify Compared to Lay Eyewitnesses John Jay School of Criminal Justice Lindsey Cole, PhD - Drexel University; Ellen Cohn, PhD – University of New Hampshire; Elizabeth Foster, PhD – Children and parents (N = 61) participated in a longitudinal Widener University study of deception. During two laboratory visits, children (ages 4, then 6 years) either told the truth or told naturalistic Police officer witnesses have been neglected in witness prosocial and/or antisocial lies, while parents indicated how research despite the frequency in which they appear in often their children lie. At the second visit, parent court. The current paper attempts to understand juror

43 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH perceptions of police officer witnesses by applying the procedural justice model to juror decision-making. Six Racial disparities are evident in capital cases showing that hundred and thirty-eight participants were presented with a Black defendants are more likely to receive the death penalty video of a police officer eyewitness or lay eyewitness, for compared to Whites. Less research has looked at this disparity comparison. Results indicated that the model differed across among sexual assault cases. The present study employed conditions. Attitudes specific to the police (police legitimacy) participants to read a sexual assault vignette and answer a were significant predictors in the police officer eyewitness series of questions. Preliminary results suggest that neither models, whereas general attitudes towards the legal system race of defendant nor victim had an effect on juror decision (legal cynicism) were significant predictors in the lay making. These findings may be due to a lack of power or may eyewitness models. demonstrate that sexual offenses are considered so heinous that race does not play a role in how jurors make sentencing Police Officers as Eyewitnesses: Are They Better Than determinations. Further data collection is planned to parse out Laypersons? these conclusions. Kristina Kaminski, Diploma - Justus-Liebig University, Giessen; Siegfried Sporer, Professor – Justus-Liebig That Defendant Is Capable of Anything! Perceived University, Giessen Variability as a Moderator of Defendant Impressions in Juror Decision Making Are police officers better eyewitnesses than laypersons? We Jennifer Hunt, PhD - SUNY Buffalo State compared 96 experienced police officers and 96 laypersons regarding correct and false person, event and crime scene Two studies examined the effects of jurors’ beliefs about the details and identification accuracy (using target-present or variability of a defendant’s behavior on trial judgments. In target-absent lineups). Police officers remembered more both studies, perceived variability was associated with higher correct perpetrator details. Laypersons gave a more detailed guilt judgments. Further, perceived variability moderated the description of the crime scene, but also mentioned more false effects of defendant impressions, such that impressions had a details. There were no differences in identification accuracy strong effect on guilt judgments when the defendant was and response bias. Regarding different retrospective self- perceived as low in variability, but a much smaller effect evaluation measures, police officers were slightly more when he was perceived as high in variability. Jurors may willing to testify about their identification and rated their infer that defendants with high behavioral variability are encoding conditions more favorable than laypersons. capable of a range of behaviors, including crime, and/or have Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. less confidence in using impressions to form trial judgments.

In the Wake of Hoffman: Psychologist and Public Jurors’ Presumption of Innocence: Impact on Cumulative Perceptions of the Role of Psychologists in National Evidence Evaluation and Verdicts Security Interrogations and Other Non-Traditional Richard John, PhD - University of Southern California; Settings Nicholas Scurich, PhD – University of California, Irvine; Alice Thornewill, BA - Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, PhD Kenneth Nguyen, MA – University of Southern California – Drexel University This study utilizes a Bayesian framework to address four The current study examines the opinions of psychologists and questions related to the presumption of innocence. A novel of the general public regarding the roles of psychologists in methodology allowed us to compare directly-elicited values national security interrogations and other professional with implicit values. A total of 429 US jury-eligible activities that do not involve the delivery of voluntary therapy respondents read a summary of a felony rape case. Median services. Informal discussion following the Hoffman Report assessed prior odds of guilt were approximately 2:1 favoring has underscored sharp differences in how the Report is guilt (~60%), based only on the indictment and mug shot. perceived. Surveying psychologists engaged in various Findings suggest that jurors begin their consideration of a professional activities tests the hypothesis that psychologists criminal case with a presumption of guilt, not innocence, and, primarily engaged in traditional service delivery are more although this predilection did not affect evaluation of opposed to any psychologist involvement in national security evidence, it enables jurors to reach a guilty verdict easier than interrogations than are psychologists engaged mainly in other assumed by the reasonable doubt standard of proof. professional activities (e.g., research, teaching, forensic assessment). Strength and Timing of Evidence at Trial: What Matters to Jurors? 021. Jury Decision Making 2 Kimberly Schweitzer, MS - University of Wyoming; Narina 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM Nunez, PhD - University of Wyoming Chastain F Chair: Jennifer Hunt, PhD – SUNY Buffalo State Current models of juror decision-making do not discuss specific types of evidence. This research begins addressing Exploring the Effects of Race on Juror Decision Making this issue by examining how jurors use evidence to reach a in Sexual Assault Cases verdict through a series of three studies. Study 1 illustrates Nicole Graham, MS - City University of New York/John Jay what evidence jurors find most important. Study 2 shows College; Cynthia Calkins, PhD – John Jay College of what jurors want to learn more about first and what evidence Criminal Justice they need before reaching a verdict. Study 3 shows that when

44 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH given the four most important pieces of evidence jurors’ want absent lineups, but a recent innovation has been to match to make their decisions (based on Study 1&2), not all four fillers to either the target in target-present lineups or to the must be present to find a defendant guilty. Implications are innocent suspect in target-absent lineups. Although this discussed. innovation corresponds with police investigations, the composition of target-present and target-absent lineups 022. Lineup Procedures 2 becomes entirely different. We examined filler selection 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM strategies using a novel methodology that corresponds with Chastain G police investigations and equates the lineup composition in Chair: Ryan J. Fitzgerald, PhD – University of Portsmouth target-present and target-absent conditions.

A Comparison of Lineup Procedures for Older Adults: Using a Repeated Forced-Choice Lineup with Child Examining the Simultaneous, Elimination, and Wildcard Eyewitnesses Procedures Kaila Bruer, MA - University of Regina; Heather Price, PhD Emily Pica, MS - Carleton University; Joanna Pozzulo, PhD – University of Regina – Carleton University We examined the impact of a repeated forced-choice (RFC) The purpose of the present study was to examine whether lineup procedure on child eyewitness identification lineup procedures that help younger children are also helpful performance, relative to a simultaneous and face-off with older adults (N = 148; 75- to 99-years-old). The identification task. Children were presented with one of three, simultaneous, elimination, and wildcard lineups were eight-person lineup procedures and asked to make a decision examined. The rate of correct identification was comparable regarding the presence of two targets. Results indicate similar across all three lineups; however, the rate of false rejection performance across all lineup procedures. However, the was significantly higher in the elimination lineup compared to distribution of children’s responses in the RFC procedure the wildcard lineup. The rate of correct rejection was low appears to provide additional information about the strength across all three lineups; no significant differences were of recognition memory. While data analyses are on-going, found. As eyewitness age increased, the number of preliminary results suggest that children can use RFC descriptors decreased. Participants who reported more person procedure to discriminate previously seen from unseen faces. descriptors were also more likely to be accurate in their descriptors. 023. Inmate Violence 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM An Explicit ‘not Sure’ Option Reduces False Chastain H Identifications and Eliminates the Harmful Effects of the **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Appearance-change Instruction Steve Charman, PhD - Florida International University; Chair: Michael Vitacco, PhD – Augusta University Brian Cahill, PhD – Florida International University; Bryan Wylie – Florida International University; Seyram Kekessie, Pre-Prison and Indigenous Predictors of Institutional PhD; Brett Waggoner – Florida International University; Misconduct Caroline Perez – Florida International University Ellen Quick, BS - University of North Carolina Wilmington; Anne-Marie Iselin, PhD – University of North Carolina Studies have demonstrated that providing witnesses with an Wilmington explicit ‘not sure’ option prior to administering a lineup decreases false identifications. An additional benefit of a 'not This study examines pre-prison factors (i.e., treatment sure' option is explored: By filtering out low-confidence amenability, social support and self-regulation) and witnesses, it may mitigate the harmful effects of other lineup indigenous factors (i.e., sentence length, custody level and manipulations, such as the appearance-change instruction prison population size) effect on institutional misconduct in (ACI), which has been shown to increase false identifications. terms of Importation Theory and Deprivation Theory. Participants (n = 336) viewed a two-person mock crime, Participants include approximately 100 male and female received either (a) the ACI or not, and (b) a 'not sure' option incarcerated adults. We expect high levels of pre-prison or not, and viewed a target-present and target-absent lineup. factors to predict fewer disciplinary infractions 3 months Consistent with predictions, although the ACI increased false later. We expect shorter sentences, higher custody levels and identifications, this effect was completely eliminated by the larger prison population sizes to predict more disciplinary 'not sure' option. infractions 3 months later. We further expect pre-prison factors to account for additional variance in disciplinary A Reconceptualization of Eyewitness Identification infractions beyond that accounted for by indigenous factors. Methodology Ryan Fitzgerald, PhD - University of Portsmouth; Chris Oriet Callousness Predicts Flattened Cortisol Functioning – University of Regina Across Time in Incarcerated Adolescents Megan Johnson, PhD - University of California, Berkeley; The suspect in eyewitness lineups may be guilty or innocent. Michael Vitacco, PhD – Georgia Health Sciences University; These possibilities are simulated in experiments using target- Andrew Dismukes, MS – Iowa State Uniuversity; Elizabeth present and target-absent lineups. Traditionally, the same Shirtcliff, PhD – Iowa State University fillers have been selected for both target-present and target-

45 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH The stress response system is highly plastic, and cortisol justice both internally to the organization and externally in rhythms may “adaptively calibrate” to incarcerated settings, policy, advocacy, and practice. for better or worse. This investigation assessed whether daily cortisol rhythms changed over the course of incarceration, and Chair: N. Dickon Reppucci, PhD – University of Virginia whether callousness affected treatment effects on diurnal cortisol functioning in a sample of 28 incarcerated adolescent 025. Sex Offenders males. Results indicated that callousness predicted a flattening 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM of the diurnal rhythm over the course of incarceration. Chastain J Documenting the biological effects of incarceration on the **Session Eligible for CE Credit** stress response system is important for understanding biological processes within incarcerated youth and potential Chair: Anthony Perillo, PhD – Center for Personal Growth for treatment and change. Risk Assessment of Sexually Abusive Clergy: Updated Developing and Validating a Risk Assessment Scale to Analysis of the Static-99R and a Modified Approach Predict Inmate Placements in Administrative Segregation Anthony Perillo, PhD - Center for Personal Growth; Cynthia in the Correctional Service of Canada Calkins, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice L. Maaike Helmus, PhD - Forensic Assessment Group Predictive validity of sex offender risk measures may be Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) admissions cohort data compromised when applied to underrepresented offender were divided into a development (N = 11,110) and validation subgroups. Sexually abusive clergy is one group not sample (N = 5,591) to create an actuarial scale to predict represented in the development of current risk measures. administrative segregation placements. Analyses were Based on archival data of clergy sexual abuse and a state-wide separated by reason for segregation, gender, and Aboriginal investigation of sex offenders (N = 2,852), predictive validity ancestry. Of 413 variables examined, 86% significantly of the Static-99 and Static-99R was assessed. Static-99R predicted segregation. Items were reduced using Principal scores predicted clergy recidivism but at a significantly poorer Components Analysis, incremental accuracy, and practical rate than for other sex offenders. Meanwhile, a three-factor considerations. The optimal scale had six static items and was model considering Church contextual factors predicted clergy called the Risk of Administrative Segregation Tool (RAST). recidivism (AUC = 0.68) as well as the Static-99R did with Predictive accuracy and normative data are presented. The general sex offenders. RAST may be a first step in diverting offenders from segregation. Treatment Responsivity of Victim Age Polymorphic Sex Offenders Inmates’ Perceived Threats of Prison Rape and Laleh Dadgardoust, BA - University of Ontario Institute of Frequency of Having Sought Mental Health Treatment in Technology; Leigh Harkins, PhD – University of Ontario Prison: An Examination of Gay, Bisexual, and Straight Institute for Technology Incarcerated Men Mina Ratkalkar, LCSW - Drexel University; Samantha Polymorphic sex offenders are a subgroup of sex offenders Winter; Suraji Wagage, BA, BS - Drexel University; Naomi who offend against victims of varying ages while age specific Goldstein, PhD - Drexel University sex offenders prefer to offend against a specific age group. The proposed study looks at the treatment responsivity of Gay and bisexual male inmates are at elevated risk of sexual polymorphic sex offenders refered to Sexual Behaviour Clinic victimization, and the threat of prison rape can lead to adverse since 2008 in order to find out whether polymorphic sex outcomes. This study examined the relationships between offenders respond the same to programs currently available. It sexual orientation and inmates’ perceptions of the threat of is hypothesized that victim age polymorphic sex offenders rape and whether they have ever sought mental health will show significantly higher rate of re-offending five years treatment in prison. Data from 409 men residing in 23 after the program in comparison to the age-specific correctional institutions revealed significant relationships between sexual orientation and worry about the threat of rape Do Evaluators Consider the Combination of Sexual in prison, having heard about rape in prison, and having Deviance and Psychopathy as a Separate Risk Factor in sought mental health treatment in prison, with gay and Sex Offender Risk Assessments? bisexual men endorsing this information more often than Katherine McCallum, MA - Sam Houston State University; straight men. Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University

024. AP-LS Presidential Address: Engaging Science, Some research suggests the combination of psychopathy and Engaging Justice sexual deviance places sexual offenders at a particularly high 5:00 PM to 6:00 PM risk for reoffending. Although many evaluators report Chastain I considering this combination, it is unknown whether they actually conclude that offenders with both traits are at a Dr. Jennifer Woolard will give her Presidential Address higher risk for reoffending than other sexual offenders. This focusing on Engaging Science, Engaging Justice, in which she study reviewed 302 sex offender risk evaluations conducted in will discuss ways in which APLS engages issues of social the state of Colorado. Results suggest that evaluators consider psychopathy and sexual deviance separately, but their final

46 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH recommendations regarding risk and placement are not Italy. A mixed-method design was utilised: i) semi-structured affected by the combination of these two factors. interviews with expert stakeholders (N=43), ii) case studies with industry (N=5) and iii) online surveys of law Developing Good Practice Policing and Industry enforcement (N=1,600). Qualitative themes regarding Collaborative Models in Preventing Online Child Sexual stakeholder best practice and barriers to prevention, Exploitation management and collaboration will be discussed in Carly Cheevers, PhD - Royal College of Surgeons Ireland; consideration of policy formation. Mary Aiken; Julia Davidson; Jeffrey DeMarco; Stefan Bogaerts; Adriano Schimmenti; Angelo Puccia; Elisa 026. AP-LS Business Meeting Corbari; Ugo Pace; Alessia Passanisi; Vincenzo Caretti; 6:00 PM to 6:30 PM Janneke Schilder Chastain J All are welcome to attend! Preventing and managing online child sexual exploitation requires extensive insight and collaboration from a range of 027. Welcome Reception stakeholders, particularly law enforcement and private 6:30 PM to 8:00 PM industries (e.g. internet service providers and social media Savannah Ballroom sites). Online exploitation routinely crosses legal jurisdictions; therefore this study collected data from four European countries: the UK, Ireland, the Netherlands and

47 THURSDAY, MARCH 10TH Friday, March 11, 2016 Violence on the Homefront: Reporting Styles of Military Personnel to Threats of Workplace Violence Christina Hein, BA - University of Nebraska, Lincoln; 028. AP-LS Student Committee Sponsored 5K Fun Run Elizabeth Low, BA – University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Mario 7:00 AM to 7:50 AM Scalora, PhD – University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Denise Meet in Hotel Lobby Bulling, PhD – University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Mark DeKraai, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska, Lincoln 029. Violence and PTSD 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM This study examined the reporting styles of 264 military Chastain D uniformed and civilian personnel who have completed a **Session Eligible for CE Credit** violence prevention training program. Participants were recruited as part of a larger study of the effects of workplace Chair: Stephanie M. Wright, PhD– Georgia Highlands violence on military-affiliated personnel. Respondents College assessed their reporting style to four hypothetical threats of workplace violence; these reporting styles were entered into a Arousal and Cognitive Mediators of Intent to Intervene in multinomial logistic regression with gender, role in the Ambiguous Situations of Interpersonal Violence military, race, and type of training. Significant models were Stephanie Wright, PhD - Georgia Highlands College; found for all four hypothetical threats. These findings provide Christina Mitchell – Kennesaw State University; Jessica insight into additional areas of emphasis for workplace Jackson – Georgia Highlands College; Kaneisha Smith – violence prevention programs in military settings. Georgia Highlands College Exploitative Strategies and Life History Research in areas of bystander intervention, sexual assault Joshua Reynolds, MS- University of Wyoming; Sean McCrea prevention, and interpersonal violence intervention are intrinsically related. However, bystander intervention research Exploitative resource acquisition strategies, including is hampered by its limited foci on diffusion of responsibility coercion for sex, are a set of behaviors with overlap with as explanation for non-intervention and training programs to criminal behavior. Life history theory may provide a useful increase awareness and, thus, intervention. This study theoretical perspective in this area. LHT would predict an addressed intent to intervene, assuming negative state influence of both life history strategy and specific relief (Batson, Batson, Griffitt, Barrientos, Brandy, environmental contingencies (referred to here as life history Sprengelmeyer, & Bayly, 1989) and the desire to decrease contingencies). In three studies we show that life history arousal associated with encountering a potentially assaultive strategy predicts exploitative behavior and determine what situation, while measuring the effects of socio-cognitive conditions are necessary for life history contingencies to mediators on intervention intent. These included personal affect exploitative behavior. experience, victim blaming, and feeling the situation was not the participant's business. Followup investigation with policy 030. Culture and Language implications is underway. 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Chastain E Perpetrating Violence and Experiencing Trauma: A **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Within-Participants Comparison of PTSD Symptoms in Male Offenders Chair: Rebecca Weiss, PhD – John Jay College, City Marguerite Ternes, PhD - Saint Mary’s University; Barry University of New York Cooper, PhD – University of British Columbia - Okanagan; Dorothee Griesel – Gesellschaft für Wissenschaftliche Unequal Justice for Children of Color: Bridging Gerichts- und Rechtspsychologie; John Yuille, PhD – Disciplines, Confronting Race and Culture, and Problem University of British Columbia - Vancouver Solving Reform for a Legacy of Disparity Lauren E. Reba-Harrelson, PhD This study examined symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in incarcerated offenders’ accounts of Despite legislative, research, and applied efforts to address perpetrated violence and other experienced trauma, using a disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in juvenile justice, within-participants design. As part of a larger investigation of youth of color continue to far outnumber their white autobiographical memory, 150 male violent offenders counterparts. While DMC theories and reform reported memories for perpetrated violence and subjectively recommendations highlight the import of addressing race, disturbing events. PTSD symptoms were rated with the culture, and community in related interventions, existing Impact of Event Scale (IES; Horowitz et al., 1979) for each programs appear to differ in their approaches. This paper reported event. Subjectively disturbing experiences were explores how race and culture have been addressed across associated with higher IES scores than acts of violence. reform efforts, focusing on high rates of Black youth in one Relationships between traumatic experiences, perpetrated justice system and DMC-related reduction approaches. violence, and PTSD symptoms are discussed in terms of their Multidisciplinary research regarding the impact of culture, implications to the criminal justice system. trauma, and other factors on mental health and treatment

48 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING outcomes in Black youth are also considered relative to 031. Legal Decision Making 2 collaborative future directions. 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Chastain F Language and Culture in Forensic Assessment: Chair: Dorothy Marsil, PhD – Kennesaw State University Appropriate Normative Data in a Hispanic Sample Rebecca Weiss, PhD – John Jay College, City University of The Influence of Judicial Instructions Defining Rape and New York; Amanda Rosinski; Dylan Tellez; Betsy Galicia Rape Myth Beliefs on Juror Decision-making in Women and Men The relevancy of research must consistently be re-examined Dorothy Marsil, PhD – Kennesaw State University; Corinne in light of changing demographic information in the United McNamara, PhD – Kennesaw State University; Victoria States. The U.S. Census estimates that by 2060 nearly one in Meier – Kennesaw State University three United States residents will be Hispanic (US Census Bureau, 2012). Despite this trend, few measures of forensic The purpose of this study was to explore whether juror psychological assessment have been validated with Hispanic decision-making may be influenced by the historical vs. new samples. This research examined the effect of Spanish federal rape definition provided in the judicial instructions, language and Hispanic culture on measures of feigning in a participant gender, and rape myth endorsement. The influence bilingual sample. The results support the use of measures of of the definition was mixed, with differences found for feigning in similar samples. There was no significant impact verdict, but not guilt ratings. However, gender and of language or acculturation on performance. endorsement of rape myths were significant factors in decision-making, as expected. Females made more pro- Cross-cultural Feigning Assessment: A Systematic Review prosecution decisions and did not endorse rape myths as often of Feigning Instruments Used with Culturally and as males. Given the exploratory nature of this study, further Ethnically Diverse Samples research is warranted to better understand how jurors apply Alicia Nijdam-Jones, MA - Fordham University; Barry the definition of rape in their decision-making. Rosenfeld, PhD - Fordham University Juror Perceptions of Eyewitness Evidence: Does Quality The cross-cultural validity of feigning instruments is a critical Level or Identification Procedure Impact Decisions? concern for forensic mental health clinicians who frequently Megan Kienzle, PhD - The College at Brockport, State confront individuals from a background different from their University of New York own. This systematic review reports feigning classification accuracy and effect sizes across instruments and languages by Research suggests jurors are generally good decision- summarizing 75 cross-cultural feigning assessment studies makers. However, little is known about how jurors conducted in Europe, Asia, and North America using foreign- distinguish between differing quality levels in evidence. In born or culturally diverse samples. Based on analyses of the two studies employing mock-juror designs, I examined if extant research, the cross-cultural classification accuracy of jurors were able to differentiate between high and low quality several cognitive effort tests (TOMM, Rey 15, Word eyewitness evidence by varying descriptions of how the Recognition Test) and psychiatric symptom tests (MMPI-2, evidence was witnessed and collected. In the next study, I Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology, again varied the quality of evidence, as well as the Structured Inventory of Reported Symptoms) will be identification procedure used: show-up versus lineup. Both discussed. studies assessed a range of dependent measured about the mock-juror’s understand and evaluation of evidence. Results Disproportionality in School Discipline: State of Research and policy implications for both studies will be discussed. and Interventions Anna Heilbrun, Clinical Psychology - University of Virginia; Beyond Atkins: How Do the Prongs Perform During Dewey Cornell, PhD – University of Virginia; Catherine Sentencing? Bradshaw, PhD, MEd – University of Virginia Mary Wood, MA - University of Alabama & Patton State Hospital; Karen Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama; School suspensions have been associated with a host of Rachel deLacy - University of Alabama negative outcomes, including school dropout and juvenile justice involvement (Gregory et al., 2010). Further, there is The purpose of the current study was to investigate how two abundant evidence that Black students are suspended at higher of the diagnostic prongs for intellectual disability (ID), rates than White students and other minority groups (U.S. deficits in intelligence (IQ) and adaptive behavior (AB), are DOE, 2014). This paper reviews the existing research on interpreted during capital mitigation. Using a mock jury disproportionality and analyzes current interventions designed paradigm with death-qualified undergraduate students in to target it. Specifically, we look at three evidence-based deliberating groups, results suggested that deficits in IQ and school discipline interventions: Positive Behavior AB are (1) perceived as mitigating and (2) interpreted Intervention/Supports, My Teaching Partner, and Restorative interdependently by mock jurors. A sentence of life without Justice. We examine the underlying mechanisms of these the possibility of parole was 2.6 times more likely in cases interventions and compare their potential to reduce both where deficits were presented relative to when deficits were overall school suspensions and racial disparities in absent. Implications will be discussed. suspensions.

49 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING Oath Taking in Legal Settings: Examining Mechanisms Augusta University & East Central Regional Hospital; Matt and Mediators of Truthful Disclosure Nobles, PhD – University of Central Florida; Susan Wright, Emily Joseph, Psychology and Law - The Graduate Center, MA – National Coalition of Sexual Freedom; Margaret City University of New York; Maria Hartwig, PhD – John Jay Schlenker, BA – San Francisco State University; Richard Van College of Criminal Justice Dorn, PhD – RTI International

Though the oath is an integral part of the current United Despite evidence of shared risk factors, little research has States trial system, few empirical examinations of the effect examined violence, victimization, and suicide-related of the oath exist. Findings from the only empirical behaviors in the same sample. This paper examines the examination of the oath’s influence on adults suggest lifetime prevalence and correlates of these outcomes in a swearing to tell the truth increases truthful disclosure after the pooled sample of general, college, and vulnerable commission of a transgression (Joseph, Hartwig, & Bond, participants. We employed latent class analysis to identify 2015). This project investigates which aspects of the oath’s classes characterized by violent outcomes and binary logistic wording drive the observed increase in truthful disclosure of regression to identify participant characteristics that predicted adults, specifically the legal language and explicit class membership. Results indicate two classes (i.e., commitment to be honest. Additionally, the roles of self- victimization + suicide, and suicide only) that differed concept maintenance, moral disengagement, and ethical significantly in terms of participant characteristics. Findings dissonance are investigated in participants’ decision-making. highlight the importance of comprehensive strategies targeting shared risk factors of violence, victimization, and 032. Suicide as Self-Directed Violence: Advancements in suicide-related behaviors. Conceptualization, Research, Practice and Training 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Prior Violent Outcomes and Sexual Orientation as Chastain G Predictors of Suicide Risk and Aggression Proneness **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Sarah Desmarais, PhD - NC State University; Robert Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Tess Gemberling, Recently, interdisciplinary literatures have focused on suicide MA – University of Alabama; Kiersten Johnson, MS – North as self-directed violence. The present proposal extends this Carolina State University; Sarah Holley, PhD – San line of study by providing data and recommendations Francisco State University; Susan Wright, MA – National supporting the conceptualization of suicide as self-directed Coalition of Sexual Freedom; Margaret Schlenker, BA – San violence. Pooling data from three sample, the first two papers Franicsco State University; Matt Nobles, PhD – University of examine overlap of lifetime victimization, violence Central Florida; Richard Van Dorn, PhD – RTI International perpetration, and suicide-related behaviors. Key findings include: (1) older, White female participants who identify as The sexual orientation minority is at particularly high risk of lesbian, bisexual, or “other” were more likely to fall in a victimization and suicide-related behaviors. Research on “victimization+suicide” class, and (2) membership in the violence risk in this population is mixed. Though these “victimization+suicide” class was associated with elevated outcomes are known risk factors for one another, there is suicide risk and aggression proneness. Paper three tests an limited evidence regarding how their overlap may relate to adaptation of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of future violent outcomes. This paper examines sexual Suicide (IPTS) by examining it with the need for affect in orientation and classes characterized by past violent outcomes predicting suicide risk and aggression proneness. Greater as predictors of suicide risk and aggression proneness. Results need for affect avoidance was associated with elevated suicide showed main, but not interaction effects, on suicide risk and risk and aggression proneness; likewise, IPTS constructs aggression proneness. Findings suggest the need for offered novel predictive associations with aggression intervention strategies that consider the overlap between past proneness. The latter two papers focus on advancements in violent outcomes, as well as sexual orientation. suicide risk assessment training. Paper four provides preliminary effectiveness data for classroom and workshop- An Integrated Test of Need for Affect, the Interpersonal- based experiential training models in a sample of mental Psychological Theory of Suicide, and Suicide and health professionals. Drawing on empirical literature, paper Aggression Proneness five presents recommendations for suicide risk assessment Claire Bryson, MA - Sam Houston State University; Robert training, practice, and research in correctional settings. Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Adam Schmidt, PhD – Sam Houston State University Chair: Robert J. Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University Discussant: Randall T. Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama The present study seeks to apply need for affect to suicide and aggression proneness for the first time. Moreover, the A Latent Class Analysis of Lifetime Violence Perpetration, Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide is applied to Victimization, and Suicide-related Behaviors in the context of other-directed aggression. Results of a large Community, College, and Vulnerable Population Samples scale survey of young adults suggest that need for affect Kiersten Johnson, MS - North Carolina State University; avoidance is associated with elevated self- and other-directed Robert Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Sarah aggression. IPTS social cognitions predicted suicide Desmarais, PhD – North Carolina State University; Tess proneness, whereas acquired capability and perceived Gemberling, MA – University of Alabama; Sarah Holley, PhD burdensomeness predicted aggression proneness. A mediation – San Francisco State University; Jennifer Johnson, PhD – framework is proposed in which IPTS constructed explain

50 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING associations of NFA with self- and other-directed aggression. Research on jurors’ perceptions of child witnesses has been Implications for theory and practice are discussed. limited by the lack of a reliable and valid child credibility scale that can be applied across various types of legal cases Pilot Testing Approaches to Suicide Risk Assessment and different ages of child witnesses. In the fourth of a series Training: Preliminary Efficacy and an Extension to of studies, we randomly assigned 579 participants to one of Violence Risk six conditions in a 2 (Case type: CSA vs. non-CSA) by 3 Robert Cramer, PhD - Old Dominion University; Claire (Child age: 4 vs. 10 vs. 16) design. After providing guilt Bryson, MA – Sam Houston State University; Caroline judgments, participants completed 15 items assessing Stroud, MA – Sam Houston State University; Mogran perceptions of cognitive ability, suggestibility and honesty. Eichorst, MA – University of Alabama; Lee Keyes, PhD – Factor analysis confirmed the 3-factor structure from our University of Alabama Counseling Center; Brittany Ridge, previous studies. MA – Sam Houston State University The Effects of Delayed Disclosure and Relationship to Following the core competency model of training in Perpetrator on Mock Jurors’ Legal Decisions for a Child professional psychology, this paper presents pilot tests of two Sexual Abuse Case training modalities in suicide risk assessment and Alissa Anderson, MA - University of Toledo; Kamala London, management core competencies. Based on a workshop PhD – University of Toledo; Twila Wingrove, JD, PhD – training modality, study 1 showed increased perceived Appalachian State University professional capacity to handle suicidal, factual knowledge, and self-rated ability to assess and treat suicide. Based on a Delayed disclosure and relationship to perpetrator are factors semester-long course in suicide risk assessment and often presented in child sexual abuse (CSA) trials, and may management, study 2 showed improved self-perceived influence jurors’ perceptions of the child and case outcomes. mastery of suicide risk assessment competences, and self- The effects of both delay and relationship to perpetrator on rated ability to assess and treat suicide. Results are discussed mock jurors’ decisions (verdict, likelihood of abuse) and with respect to training efficacy and extension to violence risk views of the alleged child-victim (honesty, cognitive ability) assessment training. were investigated. We evaluated participants’ decisions for a CSA trial involving a 7-year-old female. A delay by Suicide Risk Assessment and Management in Correctional relationship interaction was observed for likelihood that abuse Settings: Current Practices, and Recommendations for occurred. Also, participants’ views of the child’s cognitive Practice, Training and Research ability mediated the effects of delay for participants’ views of Hayley Wechsler, MA - Sam Houston State University; Robert likelihood that abuse occurred. Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Sarah Miller, PhD – Correct Care Solutions; Elise Yenne, BA – Sam Houston Global Coding for Support and Comfort in Investigative State University Interviews of Alleged Child Abuse Victims: Comparing the NICHD and MoGP Protocols Inmates remain a vulnerable group at elevated risk for suicide, Faith VanMeter - University of Kentucky; Elizabeth Ahern, especially in light of stresses associated with PhD – University of Cambridge; Michael Lamb, PhD – incarceration. Despite the elevated risk for inmates, suicide University of Cambridge risk assessment practices in corrections remain tenuous at best. The present paper reviews offender-specific literature Global ratings of interviewer support and children’s on risk factors for suicide, as well as current expert-derived reluctance were examined in 95 transcripts of 4-to-13-year- best practices. After presenting a state-level case study of olds disclosing sexual abuse. Children were interviewed current practices in corrections, we provide future directions using the Memorandum of Good Practice (MoGP) or the for suicide risk assessment practice, training and research in NICHD Protocol. Children were least at ease when describing correctional settings. These include adaptations for abuse. Children’s discomfort elicited less emotional support correctional staff of current empirically-supported models of and synchrony in the substantive than the rapport and suicide risk training and intervention. disclosure interview stages. The NICHD Protocol was associated with higher levels of cognitive support, especially 033. Child Victims 1 during rapport. Higher levels of emotional synchrony 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM occurred for older children. Findings illustrate the value of Chastain H using global measures of support/reluctance and the need to **Session Eligible for CE Credit** provide emotional support to interviewees.

Chair: Andre Kehn, PhD – University of North Dakota Towards the Discreet Identification of Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children Victims: A Latent Class Analysis The Child Credibility Assessment Scale: Validity and James Andretta, PhD - Child Guidance Clinic, Court Social Predictability in Child Sexual and Non-Sexual Abuse Services Division, Superior Court of the District of Columbia; Cases Katara Watkins, PhD – Superior Court of the District of Andre Kehn, PhD – University of North Dakota; Alek Columbia; Michael Barnes, PhD – Superior Court of the Haugen; Amye Warren; Kimberly Schweitzer, MS - University District of Columbia; Malcolm Woodland, PhD – Superior of Wyoming; Narina Nunez, PhD - University of Wyoming Court of the District of Columbia

51 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING The availability of a brief, objective, and nonintrusive of the examined criterion measures. Practical implications of screener for the purpose of generating likelihood of CSEC these findings will be discussed at the presentation. victimization is sorely needed in cities where thousands of youth are arrested per year. A scoring system was developed Prevalence of Suicidal Ideation and Substance and applied to questions that were previously used to collect Dependence in Individuals: Comparing Individuals with qualitative data for the purpose of subjective, clinical Violent and Non-violent Arrest Histories decision-making in populations at risk for CSEC. Results Kelley Durham, BA - Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA; included the introduction of the Andretta Woodland Screener Leah Brogan, MS – Drexel University; Mina Ratkalkar, for Sexually Exploitated Minors survey, and a latent class LCSW – Drexel University; Jennica Janssen, MS – Drexel analysis of AWSSEM scores in a 901 youth with court University; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University contact yielded three CSEC risk statuses: (a) High Risk, (b) Moderate Risk, and (c) Low Risk. Research has revealed high rates of suicidality and substance dependence among individuals released from prison. The 034. Substance Abuse current study extends this research using data from the 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM SAMHSA 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Chastain I Data from the 1,597 adults (68.8% male) with arrest histories **Session Eligible for CE Credit** were included in the current study; 6.2% of individuals were arrested for violent offenses and 93.8% for non-violent Chair: Leah Brogan, MS – Drexel University Department of offenses. Individuals arrested for violent offenses reported Psychology higher rates of suicidal ideation and substance dependence. Results from this study can be used to inform risk-assessment Motivation to Parent: Does It Affect Justice-involved practices with justice-involved adults. Limitations and ideas Youths' Motivation to Change Their Substance Use for further research will also be discussed. Behaviors? Leah Brogan, MS – Drexel University Department of Risk Factors for Poor Adult Outcomes: A Twelve-Year Psychology; Emily Dauria, PhD, MPH – Brown University; Longitudinal Study of Detained Youth Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University; Marina Tolou- Nicole Azores-Gococo, MS - Northwestern University, Shams, PhD – University of California San Francisco School Feinberg School of Medicine; Karen Abram, PhD – of Medicine Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine; Leah Welty, PhD – Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Research demonstrates that family-based interventions yield Medicine; David Aaby, MS – Northwestern University, greater reductions in justice-involved youths’ substance use Feinberg School of Medicine; Linda Teplin, PhD – and offending. This study examined the impact of parents’ Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine motivation to modify their parenting on youths’ willingness and confidence in changing their substance use and substance Although delinquent youth face many risk factors for poor use behavior change. Families participating in a juvenile drug psychosocial functioning, some achieve positive outcomes in court program were assessed at baseline and at three months adulthood. Determining risk factors for positive functioning following intervention. Parents’ impressions of the may inform early targeted intervention. This study uses importance of improving their parenting skills significantly prospective, longitudinal data from 1829 youth detained in predicted increases in youths’ recognition of their marijuana Cook County, IL, and followed over 12 years (follow-up use as problematic. Findings are vital to informing the n=1520), to examine how characteristics assessed in detention juvenile justice system’s agenda for offering family-based are associated with patterns of overall functioning in young interventions to substance abusing youth. adulthood (analyzed using latent class analysis). Specifically, this study focuses on delinquent behavior (e.g. age of onset, PAI-A Substance Use Subscales as Predictors of gang involvement), incarceration, and substance use and Minimization and Denial of Substance Abuse Among disorder as risk factors. Implications for interventions and Delinquents public policy will be discussed. Mia Ricardo, BA - Sam Houston State University; Melissa Magyar, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Anna Abate, 036. Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee Session: BA – Sam Houston State University; Joshua Camins, BA – Becoming an Academic: Panel Discussion on the Joys, Sam Houston State University; John Edens, PhD – Texas Trials, and Tribulations of Being a New Assistant A&M Professor

The present study sought to examine the utility of the Alcohol 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM (ALC) and Drug Problems (DRG) scales, as well as the Chastain D Alcohol and Drug-Estimated scales (ALC-Estimated and DRG-Estimated) of the Personality Assessment Inventory- The Teaching, Training, and Careers Committee and the Early Adolescent (PAI-A; Morey, 2007), to predict various Career Professionals Committee have put together a panel clinically and legally relevant outcomes within a juvenile discussion: Becoming an Academic: Panel Discussion on the male offender sample (N = 151). ROC and multiple Joys, Trials, and Tribulations of Being a New Assistant regression analyses indicated that both the DRG scale and Professor which will discuss the realities of becoming a new DRG-Estimated scales scores were sole significant predictors professor. Graduate school education in psychology prepares

52 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING individuals to become researchers and clinicians, but much training interviews (a) elicited information at a higher more training is needed to prepare for and survive in the accuracy rate and at a faster rate, and (b) contained more world of academia. Although students and early career open-ended questions. We suggest various methods to psychologists may be familiar with the requirements for improve on CI training. professors in a research heavy institution, these are not the only academic careers that exist. Four early career professors Guilt and Openness: Embodiment and Contextual will discuss their current position, past and current Priming in Investigative Interviews difficulties, as well as advice for those who wish to pursue a Jessica Swanner, PhD - Iowa State University; Christian career in academia. Meissner, PhD – Iowa State University; Rachel Dianiska – Iowa State University; Dominick Atkinson, MS – Iowa State Chair: Kento Yasuhara, PhD University Panel: Apryl Alexander, PsyD; Derek Hess, JD, PhD; Kathleen Kemp, PhD This project investigates the utilization of overt and indirect approaches to facilitate information gain in an intelligence 037. Current Advances in the Psychology of Investigative interview context. Embodiment and contextual priming were Interviewing used to activate the concept of openness to facilitate context 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM reinstatement (Study 1) and guilt to facilitate positive Chastain E confrontation (Study 2). Participants were interviewed about prior illegal behaviors. Responses were rated for level of This symposium contains recent advances in the study of detail and expression of remorse. Consistent with investigative interviewing and is linked to the symposia expectations, we found robust effects of interview entitled: Current Advances in the Psychology of Investigative manipulations and small effects of the priming manipulations. Interviewing: Language and Culture Paper 1 focuses on the Additive effects were also noted and will be discussed. application of the cognitive interview within police settings, specifically in terms of how training in the cognitive Enhancing Rapport in Investigative Interviews Through interview is conducted. Papers 2 and 3 explore whether Priming of Warmth priming the interviewee with concepts such as “openness” and Evan Dawson - John Jay College of Criminal Justice, CUNY; “warmth” influence the information they disclose during an Maria Hartwig, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; interview. Paper 2 primed concepts of guilt (vs. innocence) Johanna Hellgren – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; and openness (vs. closed) during an interview. Paper 3 Timothy Luke, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice primed the concept of “warmth” to promote rapport while participants were being interviewed. Finally, paper 4 does not Building on previous work showing that activating concepts present research, but instead gives an overview of the need to of openness can influence people’s disclosure in intelligence move away from an unethical and ineffective program of interviews, we aimed to see if an additional concept (warmth) detention and interrogation and move towards ethical and could be activated to promote rapport with an interviewer. science based practices. Paper 4 outlines the challenges faced After being exposed to details of a mock terrorism conspiracy, in the translation of research into ethical practice and the role participants were interviewed. Half were interviewed in either psychologists have to play in that process. Finally, these a ‘warm’ or ‘cold’ room, in addition, half were primed with papers will be discussed as a whole in terms of their relevance concepts of warmth, while half were not. Preliminary results to operators and the challenges facing the effective translation indicate participants were more comfortable when of science to practice. interviewed in the ‘warm’ room. We also observed a contrast effect by which rapport was most benefitted when participants Chair: Kate A. Houston, PhD – Texas A&M International were primed with warmth in the ‘cold’ setting. University Discussant: Steven Kleinman – Operational Sciences Transition of Science to the Practice of Interrogations International Brandon Susan, PhD - Department of Defense

Train-the-Trainer: Training Law Enforcement Given the 2014 report from the Senate Select Intelligence Investigators in the CI Committee, “Study on CIA Detention and Interrogation Alexandra Mosser - Florida International University; Ronald Program” that described an often-unethical and often- Fisher, PhD – Florida International University; Peter ineffective program of detention and interrogation, it seems as Molinaro – Florida International University; Geri Satin – if change towards ethical and science-based interrogation Florida International University; Margarita Manon – Florida methods is inevitable. We know we had problems in the past, International University given recent research on ethical, science based interrogative practices we now know some better ways to interrogate, so We examined the Cognitive Interview (CI) in a three-phase science-based practice should necessarily follow. The train-the-trainer program. We trained law enforcement questions posed within this paper are how to make the trainers in the CI (Phase I); the trainers then trained other law transition to science-based and ethical practices, what are enforcement investigators in the CI (Phase II). Either before challenges we face, and what roles might psychologists play? or after Phase II training, the investigators interviewed students who had witnessed a simulated crime (Phase III). 038. Juvenile Sentencing and Treatment Compared to interviews conducted prior to training, post- 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM

53 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING Chastain F questions about the following social learning processes: **Session Eligible for CE Credit** differential association with others who defy authority, imitation/modeling of others who are defiant, reinforcement Chair: Trevor H. Barese, PhD – Cambridge Health Alliance / of defiance, and normative definitions about defiance. Harvard Medical School Analyses were separated into subsamples—police (n=366), parents (n=176), teachers (n=130), and supervisors (n=133). Sentencing Evaluations at an Urban Juvenile Court Across all analyses, moderate to strong support was found for Clinic: Examining Risk and Protective Factors and social learning theory. More specifically, hypotheses Demographic Differences measuring Defiant Peer Association, In-Person Modeling, and Nicole Azores-Gococo, MS - Northwestern University, Definitions Favorable received the strongest support. Feinberg School of Medicine; Rachel Tait, PsyD – Cook County Juvenile Court Clinic Successful Youths with Psychopathic Traits: Correlates and Antecedents Although sentencing recommendations for juveniles are based Jeremy Schreiber, MA - Fairleigh Dickinson University; largely on empirically derived risk and protective factors for Laura Grossi, MA – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Robert recidivism, they may also be influenced by demographic Prentky, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University differences. This study used data from sentencing evaluations at an urban juvenile court clinic (n=316) to examine: 1) The concept of the successful psychopath has recently demographic differences in the clinician-identified risk and become a topic of empirical study, although there is a lack of protective factors, and 2) how demographic differences in consensus regarding the definition and correlates of success. these factors were related to sentencing recommendation The current study operationalized success as global (community services including multisystemic therapy, adjustment, examining a male adolescent welfare sample with residential treatment, or incarceration). Females and participants high in psychopathic traits. Results indicated that Caucasian juveniles were most likely to be recommended the high-success group displayed a lower rate of sexually residential treatment. African-Americans had greater inappropriate behaviors than the low-success group prior to identified risk in several domains. Various constellations of first evaluation. At follow-up, differences in externalizing risk and protective factors and demographics predicted each outcomes were less dramatic with no differences between sentencing recommendation. groups in the proportion that reoffended. Additional results explored what differentiates successful and unsuccessful Coordinating Intervention: An Examination of a youths with psychopathic traits. Collaborative Approach to Juvenile Diversion Trevor Barese, PhD - Cambridge Health Alliance / Harvard 039. Psychopathy Scales and Diagnoses Medical School; James Barrett, PhD – Cambridge Health 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM Alliance / Harvard Medical School; Damien Larkins, MD – Chastain G Cambridge Health Alliance / Harvard Medical School; **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Nathan Cook, PhD – Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School; Jacquelyn Rose, MPH – Chair: Shannon Toney Smith, PhD – Francis Marion Cambridge Police Department University

Few communities have effectively integrated mental health Investigating Emergent Models of Psychopathy resources with law enforcement (Myers & Farrell, 2008). This Shannon Toney Smith, PhD – Francis Marion University; study examines a recently implemented (2008-present) multi- John Edens, PhD - Texas A&M University; Allison Rulseh; agency integrated model of preventive services for at-risk Shannon Kelley, MS - Texas A&M University; Karolina youth involving mental health, police, schools and the Sorman department of youth and families. A brief description of the program and initial outcomes related to rates of arrest, The dominant conceptualization of psychopathy (PCL-R; diversion, and mental health referrals are presented. Since Hare, 2003) places significant weight on criminal behaviors implementing this model, arrests within the community have and relatively less emphasis on personality characteristics decreased by more than 50%. Contracting with mental health (e.g., interpersonal dominance) that many theorists consider services has led to additional outpatient mental health inherent to this disorder. The present study is the first to referrals per year (M = 94). These findings support utilization compare the Triarchic Model of psychopathy (Patrick et al., of integrated, preventive service models for at-risk youth. 2009), the six dynamic CAPP domains (Cooke et al., 2004), and the Hare model. Results from an inmate sample provide Social Learning Processes Predicting Young Adults’ information regarding the extent to which the emerging Defiant Responses to Parents, Teachers, Supervisors, and models converge and diverge with an established measure of the Police psychopathy. Additional analyses will examine each model in Danielle Cooper, PhD - University of New Haven; Jennifer relation to relevant criterion variables (e.g., recidivism). Klein, PhD – University of Texas at Tyler Development and Validation of an Inconsistent Using a national sample of 18 and 19 year olds, we examined Responding Scale for an Abbreviated Version of the defiance toward parents, teachers, supervisors, and the police. Psychopathic Personality Inventory – Revised Based on Akers’ social learning theory, participants answered

54 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING Shannon Kelley, MS - Texas A&M University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University; M. Brent Donnellan, PhD – Texas A&M University; Jared Ruchensky, BA – Texas A&M 040. Predicting Youth Risk University; Edward Witt, PhD – Kantar Health; Barbara 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM McDermott, PhD – University of California, Davis Health Chastain H System **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

The present study constructs a new inconsistent responding Chair: Jennifer L. Jarrett, Doctoral Student – University of scale for a recently developed abbreviated version of the Florida Psychopathic Personality Inventory – Revised (PPI-R; Lilienfeld & Widows, 2005), the PPI-R-40 (Eisenbarth, Using the Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent to Lilienfeld, & Yarkoni, 2015). Our new scale, the Inconsistent Predict High-Risk Behaviors Among Juvenile Male Responding-Short-10 (IRS-10) was associated with trait Offenders conscientiousness among a sample of undergraduates Jessica Hart, MA – Sam Houston State University; Melissa (N=974) and symptoms of psychosis among a sample of Magyar, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Ericka Ball, forensic inpatients (N=200), and correlated moderately with MS – Sam Houston State University; Joshua Camins, MA – existing IR scales of the PPI-R (rs = .35-.48). IRS-10 scores Sam Houston State University; Brittany Ridge, BA – Sam also strongly discriminated between respondent and Houston State University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M randomly-generated protocols. Tentative cut scores for profile University invalidity are proposed based on rates of sensitivity and specificity. Substantial research supports the predictive utility of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991) across Identifying Psychopathy Subtypes Using the Five-Factor diverse adult samples and outcomes; however, limited Model Through Model-Based Cluster Analysis empirical work has focused on its adolescent version. Thus, Diana Falkenbach, PhD - John Jay College of Criminal the present study sought to examine the predictive validity of Justice; Marissa Zappala; Ellen Reinhard theoretically relevant Personality Assessment Inventory- Adolescent (PAI-A; Morey, 2007) indicators expected to Many researchers and practitioners recognize the personality predict various problematic behaviors (e.g., proactive/reactive profile of psychopathy as a heterogeneous concept, with aggression, nonviolent delinquent behavior, and gang “primary” and “secondary” subtypes representing individuals involvement) within a sample of male juvenile offenders (n = with affective/interpersonal deficits, and behavioral/social 151). Similar to previous adult PAI-based studies, regression deficits, respectively. Instead of using the traditional approach analyses indicated that the PAI-A Antisocial Features scale of examining traits with measures specific to psychopathy, the remained a significant predictor for all of the examined current study sought to consider psychopathy subtypes based criterion measures. on the Five-Factor Model of personality. Using model-based cluster analysis on the 5 factors of the NEO (Agreeableness, Psychosocial Maturity and Risk Taking: Extending Our Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Openness, Neuroticism), Understanding Beyond Adolescence and Delinquency analyses reveal two clusters in which the Big Five personality Christina Riggs Romaine, PhD – Wheaton College traits can be used to differentiate psychopathy subtypes in a noncriminal population. Research indicates psychosocial maturity (PSM) is an important factor influencing anti-social decision-making and Using the Juvenile Sex Offender Assessment Protocol- behaviors, but has focused on adolescents and decisions about Revised to Assess Psychopathy vignette scenarios. This study examined how PSM relates to Charity Wijetunga, JD, MA - Fordham University Clinical (1) actual decisions in young adulthood, and (2) related risk- Psychology Doctoral Program; Alicia Nijdam-Jones, MA – taking behavior (e.g., social and recreational risk). 538 young Fordham University Clinical Psychology Doctoral Program; adults completed measures of PSM, recent risk-taking Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham University; Ricardo behavior, and risk-taking style in various domains. All Martinez, PhD – Fordham University; Keith Cruise, PhD, aspects of PSM were related to various risk-taking styles, but MLS – Fordham University only Temperance was consistently associated with behaviors. Implications of these findings and next steps in understanding Assessment of both sexual and non-sexual recidivism risk is the relationship between PSM and general risk-taking will be important for juveniles who have offended sexually (JSOs). It discussed. remains unclear whether clinicians should assess risk for both types of recidivism using a JSO-specific measure alone or in Are Personal Risk Judgments for Juvenile Shoplifting combination with an assessment of other risk factors, such as Influenced by Personal Experiences and Characteristics? psychopathy. Using a retrospective file review of 72 JSOs, Jennifer Jarrett, Doctoral Student – University of Florida; we developed a reliable psychopathy scale within the J- Richard Hollinger, PhD – University of Florida SOAP-II, a commonly used JSO risk assessment measure, that predicted non-sexual recidivism as well as the Each year businesses lose $31.3 billion due to inventory PCL:YV. These results suggest that clinicians may be able to shrink, including $10 billion due to shoplifting alone. use the J-SOAP-II to assess psychopathy, obviating the need Retailers respond to shrink by raising prices for the legitimate for a separate psychopathy measure. consumers. This is an unfortunate result for customers willing

55 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING to purchase the items, and could increase the amount of symposium explores the relationships between moral shoplifting (Hollinger & Davis, 2003). Regardless of the large disengagement and various legally relevant decisions. In losses for businesses, little published research exists on how Study 1, greater just world beliefs and religious juveniles perceive the risks associated with shoplifting. fundamentalism predicted greater support for torture – effects Overall, morality and global risk assessments predicted risk mediated by greater moral disengagement. In Study 2, greater perception. However, having peers that shoplift and need for cognition reduced support for vigilante experience being caught influenced the perceived risk justice, whereas greater legal authoritarianism regardless of global risk and shoplifting morality. increased support for vigilante justice–effects also mediated by greater moral disengagement. In Study 3, greater legal Psychotropic Medication Does Not Decrease Delinquent authoritarianism reduced support for the postpartum Behaviors in At-risk Youth over a Five Year Period depression defense, whereas need for cognition increased Natalie Hoskowitz, MA – Sam Houston State University; support for the defense. Again, both effects were mediated by Adam Schmidt, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Kaisa moral disengagement. Importantly, greater moral Marshall, BS – Sam Houston State University; Jennifer disengagement predicted diminished support for the Harmon, BS – Sam Houston State University; Craig postpartum depression defense. In Study 4, participants were Henderson, PhD – Sam Houston State University more likely to socially discriminate against sex offenders’ adolescent sons than their daughters–an effect mediated by Research indicates at-risk youth are more likely to develop greater dehumanization of sons (a sub-component of moral psychiatric disorders and involvement in the juvenile justice disengagement). Finally, in Study 5, greater child systems (JJS). Recent research emphasizes the need for dehumanization predicts greater child physical punishment. A effective treatment programs for these youth, for which an leading expert in emotion and law will serve as the discussant. increasingly attractive option is long-term administration of psychotropic medications. The current study seeks to answer Chair: Margaret C. Stevenson, PhD – The University of whether or not the benefits youth receive from Evansville pharmacotherapy outweigh the potential risks. Results suggest Discussant: Edie Greene, PhD – University of Colorado that, in an at-risk youth sample, psychotropic medication use Colorado Springs is not effective at reducing the overall level of externalizing symptoms or the rate of participation in delinquent behaviors How Moral Disengagement and Individual Differences over time, calling into question the emerging trend of Relate to Individuals’ Beliefs Regarding Torture prolonged psychotropic medication use as a form of Lindsay Perez, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica treatment. Miller, PhD – University of Nevada, Reno

Correlates and Consequences of Runaway Behavior Although the U.S. publically disapproves of torture, research Among At-Risk Youth suggests people privately believe torture is justified. This Stephanie Brooks Holliday, PhD RAND Corporation; Maria university student survey examined relationships between Edelen, PhD – RAND Corporation; Joan Tucker, PhD – individual differences— just world beliefs (i.e., believing RAND Corporation everyone receives justice), moral disengagement (i.e., disengaging from moral qualms), religious fundamentalism Approximately 1.5 million youth run away from home each (i.e., believing one’s religion is the fundamental truth), and year. Given the serious consequences associated with running devotionalism (i.e., centrality of religion in life) —and away, it is essential to better understand this high-risk participants’ beliefs regarding torture. Results indicated that behavior. Data from 109 at-risk families were used to identify moral disengagement mediates the positive relationships just proximal family, school, and behavioral correlates. Running world beliefs and religious fundamentalism have with away was associated with child perceptions of family participants’ torture beliefs (i.e., effectiveness and cohesion, and defiant behavior at school and home, but not justification). Findings communicate the importance of moral parent perceptions of family functioning, academic disengagement in the formation of individuals’ torture beliefs. orientation, or delinquency. Further, running away predicted continued runaway behavior and defiance towards parents 3 Individual Differences Relate to Support for Vigilante months later. Understanding these factors has the potential to Justice inform runaway prevention efforts with at-risk youth. Christine McDermott, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica Miller, PhD – University of Nevada, Reno 041. Moral Disengagement as a Predictor and Mediator of Legal Judgments Vigilante justice is embedded within American culture, and 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM used to be nearly universally accepted. However, vigilantism Chastain I is currently illegal, and instances of vigilante justice (e.g., David Barajas) have highlighted the controversy surrounding Moral disengagement constitutes separating one’s behavior such violence. 563 undergraduates were surveyed regarding from one’s ethical standards, thereby preventing self- attitudes towards legal issues. This study explored the condemnation for inhumane conduct (Bandura, 2002). relationships between moral disengagement, individual Although moral disengagement has been applied to legal differences (i.e., need for cognition, faith in intuition, legal decisions in capital cases (Haney, 1997), the myriad legal authoritarianism) and responses to vigilantism. Need for implications of moral disengagement remain unexplored. This cognition reduced support for vigilante justice while legal

56 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING authoritarianism increased support for vigilante justice. greater child dehumanization. Finally, greater child Both relationships are mediated by moral disengagement, dehumanization predicted a greater child physical punishment which also increases support for vigilante – an effect significantly mediated by moral outrage toward the justice. Implications are discussed. child.

Individual Differences and Support for the Postpartum 042. Sex Offender Management 3.0 Depression Legal Defense: The Mediating Role of Moral 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM Disengagement Chastain J Sarah Trescher, BS – University of Nevada, Reno; Christine **Session Eligible for CE Credit** McDermott, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Emily Wood – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica Miller, PhD – University Within the past several months two articles appeared in the of Nevada, Reno New York Times dealing with sex offenders – the first (June 17, 2015) reporting on the June decision from the Federal Postpartum depression is a serious illness that affects women District Court finding that Minnesota’s sex offender after giving birth. This study explored the relationships commitment law was unconstitutional, and the second between moral disengagement (i.e., wrongdoings are justified (August 16, 2015), more noteworthy, an editorial questioning because of a moral reason), individual differences and support the wisdom of current practices for managing sex offenders. for the postpartum depression legal defense. Undergraduates Policy is often set and laws inspired in the court of public (n=563) read an online summary of postpartum depression opinion. Judge Frank’s opinion, followed closely by all 20 and rated the degree to which they would support the defense. states with such laws, and the subsequent editorial in the N.Y. Legal authoritarianism reduced support for the postpartum Times may reflect a Gladwell “tipping point,” a moment in depression defense and need for cognition increased support time that presages a window for change. We are proposing a for the defense. Moral disengagement mediates both symposium based on our recent (2015) book in which we relationships, and also decreases support for the postpartum discussed critically issues related to law, risk, and practice. depression defense. Implications are discussed. The Symposium will focus on changes, broadly conceived, in sex offender management and sexual violence Just Like Your Father: Sex Offenders’ Sons Are prevention. We hope to generate animated discussion about Dehumanizied and Ostracized how to devise a far more rational, cost-effective, legally Evan McCracken, BS – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Tyler defensible, and (most importantly) effective strategy for Plogher, BS – The University of Evansville; Margaret coping with higher risk sex offenders, and reducing the Stevenson, PhD – The University of Evansville overall incidence of sexual violence.

Studies have recently explored the stigma and discrimination Chair: Robert A. Prentky, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson experienced by registered sex offenders’ romantic partners University (e.g., Plogher, Stevenson, & McCracken, 2015). Yet, the Discussants: Kirk Heilbrun, PhD – Drexel University; Barry present research extends this line of research to exclusively Rosenfeld, PhD - Fordham University study the stigmatization of sex offenders’ children and the role of dehumanization in predicting attitudes toward Treatment Effects on Risk for Recidivism: Giving Credit offenders’ children. Supporting hypotheses, participants were Where Credit is Due more likely to socially discriminate against offenders’ Howard Barbaree, PhD – University of Toronto adolescent sons than daughters, and they were more likely to believe that sons of sex offenders, but not daughters, are To date, the effects of treatment on risk have been included in abnormal and undeserving of sympathy. Gender effects were the estimate by the professional making an informal mediated by participants’ greater dehumanization of sons adjustment to the estimate. If the offender’s treatment has versus daughters. been judged to be successful, the actuarial estimate of risk is adjusted down. Whether or not to apply the adjustment and Dehumanizing Children Increases Child Physical how large the adjustment should be has been based entirely on Punishment: Applications of Stereotype Content Model the clinical judgement of the evaluator. This presentation will Margaret C. Stevenson, PhD – The University of Evansville; consider what evidence there is to support a more structured Evan McCracken, BS – University of Nebraska - Lincoln; or computational approach to the adjustment of risk based on Tyler Plogher, BS – The University of Evansville; Jordan treatment Buechler – The University of Evansville The Legal Architecture for the Next Generation Sex We test hypotheses, rooted in stereotype content model, that Offender Statute temperamentally difficult children might be perceived as low Eric S. Janus, JD – William Mitchell College of Law in both competence and warmth, and in turn, dehumanized, increasing child physical punishment. Supporting hypotheses, Sex predator laws, including civil commitment, community the more participants perceived a misbehaving child as cold notification, and a variety of other restrictions on post- and incompetent, the more likely they were to deny the child sentence sex offenders, are entering their third decade. Two attributions of mind, and to deny the child secondary federal courts have held SVP laws unconstitutional, and a emotions and primary emotions. Diminished attributions of number of courts have struck down residential restrictions on states of mind and diminished secondary emotions predicted sex offenders. Central to a number of court challenges has

57 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - MORNING been a failure of risk assessment, and a number of work has included an APA Congressional Fellowship with the commentators have uncovered the faulty assumptions about US Senate Judiciary Committee as well as Director of the risk that underlay the origins of these laws. This presentation Secret Service's National Threat Assessment Center. The goal will address the recent turn in the legal assessment of SVP of this panel is to provide student members with information laws, and describe emerging guidelines for constitutional about potential careers they may not have otherwise been implementation. exposed to, as well as advice about how to find the job that is right for them. An Overview of Challenges Facing Sex Offender Management 3.0 Chair: Meghann Galloway Robert A. Prentky, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University 046. Legal Scholars Committee: Psychological Issues that We will begin with three papers on key issues raised in our Criminal Law Scholars are Addressing recent book (Prentky, Barbaree, & Janus, E. S. (2015) Sexual 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM Predators: Society, Risk and the Law): 1. The backdrop that Chastain E gives rise to these laws and their natural history, 2. The **Session Eligible for CE Credit** pivotal role of risk assessment in effectuating these laws, and the highly equivocal role of “mental abnormality,” and 3. the The Legal Scholars Committee is sponsoring a session equally central role of forensic examiners. This first entitled: How Legal Scholars on Criminal Justice Are Using presentation will survey a wide range of challenges for the Insights of Psychology. Three law professors, a business reforming legislation, from screening to institutional climate professor, and a psychology professor with J.D. degrees will including treatment, and crafting a constructive, risk-focused discuss their work as illustrations of the kind of psychological aftercare plan. research that legal scholars have recently found useful. The topics to be covered include: the problems that heuristics 043. Presidential Plenary: Dr. Sarah Cook create for evidence-based sentencing; the implications of 10:45 AM to 12:15 PM applying the false confession paradigm to plea bargaining; the Peachtree Ballroom delegitimizing effects of overcriminalization in the white **Session Eligible for CE Credit** collar crime context; methods of curbing the effect of cognitive biases during identification procedures; and Chair: Jennifer Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University laypeople’s capacity to evaluate criminal responsibility.

Campuses Under Investigation: How Did We Get Here Chair: Christopher Slobogin, JD, LLM - Vanderbilt Law and Where Are We Going? School Sarah Cook, PhD – Georgia State University Panel: Lucian Dervan, J.D., Professor, Southern Illinois School of Law; Mark Fondacaro, JD, PhD, Professor, John Sarah Cook’s Violence Against Women Prevention (VAWP) Jay College of Criminal Justice; Melissa Hamilton, JD, research program focuses on accurate measures of violence Professor, Houston University Law School; Todd Haugh, against women and the effects of prevention programs. Her MBA, JD, Professor, Indiana University School of Business; research has received funding from the National Institute of Susan Stefan, Professor Emeritus, Miami University Law Justice, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the School Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Sarah Cook will be speaking about 047. Current Advances in the Psychology of Investigative the Violence Against Women Act, the ongoing problem of Interviewing: Language and Culture sexual assaults on campus, and other initiatives from the 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM VAWP research team. Chastain F

045. Student Committee: The View Outside the Ivory This symposium contains recent advances in our study of the Tower: Careers in Psychology and Law Outside of role of language and culture in investigative interviewing and Academia is linked to the symposia entitled: Current Advances in the 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM Psychology of Investigative Interviewing. Specifically, Chastain D paper 1 examines the prevalence of the use of interpreters within a law enforcement context by surveying a national This panel will offer advice and information around sample of police officers and detective regarding the utility of employment in psychology and law beyond the academic interpreter. Paper 2 investigates whether interrogation arena. This interactive panel will feature well-respected techniques which are effective during dyadic interviews are as professionals from a variety of backgrounds currently effective when delivered via an interpreter. Paper 3 focuses working in diverse settings. Speakers include: Nick Druhn, the cues to deception that might be evident for interviewees PsyD, a Senior Clinical Forensic Psychologist with the speaking a non-native language. Finally, these experiments Minnesota Judicial Branch; Beth Caillouet Arrendondo, PhD, will be discussed as a whole in terms of their relevance to ABPP, the current director of the Wester State Hospital operators and the challenges facing the effective translation of Neuropsychology Lab; Patricia Griffin, PhD, Senior science to practice. Consultant for the Pennsylvania Mental Health and Justice Center of Excellence; and Michelle Keeney, PhD, JD, whose

58 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Chair: Kate A. Houston, PhD – Texas A&M International compared to the other groups, which did not significantly University differ from each other. This was the case for two different Discussant: Steven Kleinman – Operational Sciences types of statements: autobiographical statements and International preference statements.

Police Use of Interpreters 048. Statistical and Methodological Developments in Sarah A. Shaffer, MS – Florida International University; Eyewitness Identification Research Jacqueline Evans, PhD – Florida International University 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM Chastain G The current research assesses law enforcement use of translators with non-native English speakers. A national Advances in eyewitness identification research have yielded sample of police officers and detectives are surveyed new questions about methodological and statistical tools used regarding formal procedures for interpreter use, and personal to assess eyewitness performance. In presentation one, preferences regarding the utility of interpreters. Next, Lampinen uses computational simulations to assess respondents are presented with three vignettes, which vary assumptions about methods that have been proposed to get at across respondents. In one vignette, native language is varied, underlying discriminability. Lampinen’s results suggest in another interviewee role (witness, suspect, victim) is problems with the assumption that certain analyses on lineups varied, and in the last English language proficiency is measure underlying discriminability. In presentation two, varied. Respondents are asked to indicate how likely they Smith & Wells describe how and why the concept of would be to seek an interpreter in each scenario. Results and underlying discriminability fails to explain basic phenomena, implications will be discussed. such as the superiority of fair lineups to show-ups and biased lineups. They propose a formula to estimate filler siphoning, a Assessing Accusatorial vs. Rapport-Based Informational- mechanism that better explains the superiority of fair lineups. Gathering Approaches to HUMINT Collection via an In presentation three, Brewer & Weber report recent data Interpreter using “deadline-confidence judgments” on all lineup members Kate A. Houston, PhD – Texas A&M International to assess the likelihood that the suspect is the guilty person. University; Melissa Russano, PhD – Roger Williams This method shows some interesting advantages over the University; Joshua Alexander – Texas A&M International traditional lineup. In presentation four, Wixted et al. examine University; Stephanie Garcia – Texas A&M International the results of a field experiment in which witnesses gave University confidence ratings at one of three levels of confidence. They then estimated the chances that a suspect identification was This research aims to investigate whether interrogation accurate or mistaken based on a set of assumptions regarding techniques, which are robustly effective during dyadic base rates in conjunction with confidence. interviews, are as effective when delivered via an interpreter. Our data suggest that like in non-interpreter facilitated Chair: Gary Wells, PhD – Iowa State University interrogations, more admissions are produced from Discussant: Nancy Steblay, PhD – Augsburg College information-gathering interrogative strategies compared to accusatorial approaches during interpreter-facilitated Simulating the Wheat and the Chaff: Testing the interrogations. Furthermore, our data suggest that although Usefulness of Measurement Techniques via Simulation of there appears to be no effect of interpreter seating placement Underlying Processes during an accusatorial interrogation, during an interrogation James Lampinen, PhD – University of Arkansas that utilizes an interrogation-gathering approach the volume of admissions is greater when a triangular configuration is The present symposium addresses measurement issues in used as compared to when the interpreter is seated behind the eyewitness identification research. One issue raised by the suspect. symposium is how different measurement approaches map on to different underlying cognitive mechanisms. I performed a Low Levels of English Language Proficiency Make Lies series of computational models of the lineup task and Easier to Spot examined the way variations in the assumptions of those Jacqueline R. Evans, PhD – Florida International University; models impact different measures of lineup performance. The Pamela Pimentel – Florida International University; Michelle results demonstrate that evaluating lineup measures in terms Pena – Florida International University; Stephen Michael – of how good they are at capturing underlying memory and Whitman College decision processes can benefit from simulation modeling.

In an increasingly multicultural society, it is essential to Filler Siphoning, Not Underlying Discriminability, understand the impact of speakers’ language proficiency on Explains the Superiority of Fair lineups over Showups and the ability to detect their deceit. True and false statements Biased Lineups were collected from Spanish-speaking community members Andrew M. Smith, PhD – Iowa State University; Gary Wells, with varying degrees of English proficiency. Student PhD – Iowa State University observers evaluated the veracity of these statements and rated various behavioral cues. Low proficiency speakers exhibited It has long been known that fair lineups produce better cues that were most discriminative of veracity. Discrimination forensic outcomes than showups and biased lineups. Why? accuracy was superior for this low proficiency group Proponents of using ROC analyses on lineup data launched a

59 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON theory that the use of good fillers improves underlying Criminal Justice; Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham discriminability. We now know that ROC analysis cannot University; Stephen Hart, PhD – Simon Fraser University measure underlying discriminability and we show that fair lineups in fact do not improve underlying discriminability. The current study evaluates potential diagnostic overlap Instead, the process is clearly one of filler siphoning, which is between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and neither discriminability nor response bias. Using recent data, secondary psychopathy within a sample of offenders (n =215) we illustrate how filler siphoning works and how it can be mandated to treatment in the community. The goal of this calculated. study was to evaluate the degree to which shared symptoms may contribute to high levels of correlation between Patterns of Confidence Judgments as an Alternative to secondary psychopathy and BPD commonly found in the Identification Decisions literature. The SCID-II was used to assess BPD traits. Factor Neil Brewer, PhD – Flinders University; Nathan Weber, PhD scores of the PCL:SV were used to assess primary and – Finders University secondary psychopathic traits. Diagnostic overlap was supported through significant symptom correlations and For several decades eyewitness memory researchers have similarities in participant classification. The findings indicate developed and evaluated imaginative approaches designed to that despite a few key differences, the two disorders share increase the accuracy of identification decisions. Despite the many diagnostic features. impressive progress that has been made, identification decision accuracy is, on average, disappointingly low, The Implication of Self-Serving Cognitive Distortions on especially given the potential impact of the various possible Antisocial and Aggressive Behaviors types of errors. For some years we have been exploring the Hannah White, Psychology – Appalachian State University; possibility that patterns of confidence judgments for different Alexa Delisle; Twila Wingrove, JD, PhD - Appalachian State line-up stimuli are informative about the likelihood that the University culprit is in the line-up. This approach is outlined in this presentation, along with the promising outcomes from our This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between five most recent experiments. self-serving cognitive distortions and antisocial behaviors. Participants completed surveys to measure narcissism, A Signal Detection Analysis of Identifications Made by callousness of emotions, impulsivity, and self-serving Actual Eyewitnesses cognitive distortions. Subjects also completed scales of John Wixted, PhD – University of California - San Diego; antisocial behaviors. Correlations were found between all of Laura Mickes, PhD – University of London; John Dunn, PhD the measures and antisocial behaviors, except narcissism. – University of Adelaide; Steve Clark, PhD – University of Importantly, self-serving cognitive distortions were an California - Riverside; William Wells, PhD – Sam Houston independent explanatory factor in the association between State University individual characteristics and antisocial behavior, supporting the idea that cognitive biases that protect an individual’s ego Mock-crime studies have often been interpreted to mean that impacts the development of deviant behavior. We recommend (a) eyewitness confidence in identifications made from a that future researchers explore treatment options that target lineup is a weak indicator of accuracy and (b) sequential cognitive distortions in preventing antisocial behavior. lineups are superior to traditional simultaneous lineups. We conducted a field study of actual eyewitnesses who were Using Psychobiological Mechanisms to Develop a Novel assigned to simultaneous or sequential photo lineups in the Treatment for Antisocial Offenders Houston Police Department. Identifications were made using Arielle Baskin-Sommers, PhD – Yale University a 3-point confidence scale, and a signal-detection model was used to interpret the data. The results indicate that confidence Severe antisocial behavior is difficult to prevent and in an eyewitness identification is highly related to accuracy treat. Recent research has identified subgroups of antisocial and that simultaneous lineups are, if anything, diagnostically individuals that may have a different underlying etiology superior to sequential lineups. requiring different treatments strategies. This study demonstrates potential personalized treatments based on 049. Antisocial/Borderline Personality etiological work for those high on callousness/psychopathy 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM versus those high on antisocial behavior only. This Chastain H presentation highlights the translation between basic and **Session Eligible for CE Credit** treatment research to inform our understanding of severe antisocial behavior and psychopathy. Chair: Hannah White, Psychology – Appalachian State University The Co-Occurrence of Antisocial and Borderline Traits in Predicting Change in Behavior: A Multi-Site Longitudinal Assessing Diagnostic Overlap Between Secondary Study Psychopathy and Borderline Personality Disorder Brittany Penson – Texas A&M University; Jared Ruchensky, Trevor Barese, PhD – Cambridge Health Alliance / Harvard BA– Texas A&M University; Les Morey, PhD – Texas A&M Medical School; Michele Galietta, PhD – John Jay College of University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University Criminal Justice; Patricia Zapf, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Andrew Shiva, PhD – John Jay College of

60 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON As adolescent offenders transition into adulthood, the Predictive Utility of Offender Self-Perceptions of coalescing of maladaptive personality traits may play a key Criminogenic Risk and Needs role in the continuation of antisocial behavior. This study Christopher King, MS, JD – Drexel University; Kirk examined the separate and combined effects of antisocial and Heilbrun, PhD, ABPP – Drexel University; Ralph Fretz, PhD borderline traits in the prediction of offending behaviors, – Community Education Centers substance abuse, and employment, above and beyond indices of those same past behaviors. The sample includes adolescent Research has suggested that information about self-perceived offenders enrolled in a multi-site longitidunal study. criminogenic risk and needs may have utility for risk Preliminary results reveal antisocial traits and the interaction assessment and intervention services. The present study used between antisocial and borderline personality traits to be a sample of male offenders undergoing reentry (N = 82) to significant predictors of change in behavior and possible evaluate the predictive validity of such information alone and indicators of the persistence or desistance of antisocial in combination with an evaluator-scored actuarial risk–need behavior as adolescents transition into adulthood. assessment tool. We found that neither the actuarial tool nor any of the self-perception measures predicted rearrest or 050. Violence Risk Assessment halfway house failure at an average follow-up period of 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM nearly two years. We discuss these results in light of past Chastain I research, offer suggestions for future research, and conclude **Session Eligible for CE Credit** with implications for practice.

Chair: Katherine A. Fowler, PhD – Centers for Disease The Role of the Historical, Clinical, Risk-20 in United Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury States Courts: A Case Law Review Prevention and Control, Division of Violence Prevention Megan Kopkin, BS – The University of Alabama; Jennifer Cox, PhD – The University of Alabama; Caroline Titcomb Patients’ Self Perceptions of Violence Risk: Consider Parrot, PhD – Taylor Hardin Secure Medical Facility; Asking the Person Who May Know Most Jaymes Fairfax-Columbo, PhD – Drexel University; David Jennifer Skeem, PhD - University of California, Berkeley; DeMatteo, PhD – Drexel University; Michael Vitacco, PhD – Haley Arganbright – University of California, Berkeley; Orly Georgia Regents University Bell; Andre Le Blanc; Sarah Manchak The purpose of this study was to update the literature Violence risk assessment tools have proliferated over the regarding the application of the Historical-Clinical-Risk-20 years, but are resource intensive and rarely applied in general (HCR-20) in U.S. case law from 2010-2015. Since 2010 the psychiatric settings. This study shifts focus from clinical HCR-20 has been involved in over 100 criminal cases, most prediction to patients’ self prediction. In this longitudinal, frequently cases addressing parole eligibility. The measure’s muti-informant study, we assessed 571 psychiatric patients introduction was challenged in only 8% of cases and with co-occurring disorders in hospitals—and then followed challenges were rarely successful (1.6%). Further, in 45% of them for 20 weeks in the community after discharge. Patients’ cases the HCR-20 was given some weight by the Court when self-perceptions of risk significantly outperformed clinical rendering the final opinion. While the HCR-20 remains a judgment in predicting violence—and performed as well as popular measure to assess violence risk, excerpts from case three clinically feasible risk assessment instruments. Patients’ law suggest that it may be misinterpreted by legal decision- self-perceptions hold clear promise as a method for improving makers. risk assessment in routine clinical settings. Epidemiology of Homicides with Multiple Victims: Risk Does the Predictive Accuracy of Self Perceptions of Risk Factors, Circumstances, and Perpetrator Characteristics, Reflect Clients’ Understanding of “If…Then” Patterns of 17 U.S. States, 2005-2013 Behavior? Katherine Fowler, PhD – Centers for Disease Control and Michael Galloway – University of California, Berkeley; Sara Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Ellis; Orly Bell; Jennifer Skeem, PhD – University of Control, Division of Violence; Carter Betz, MS – Centers for California, Berkeley Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Patients’ self-perceptions of risk predict violence more strongly than clinical judgment and as strongly as clinically- We compared mass (4+ victims), multiple (2-3 victims), and feasible risk assessment tools. Based on a mixed-methods, single homicide incidents using data from the National longitudinal study of 207 patients, we explore whether this is Violent Death Reporting System. Mass and multiple because patients have experienced-based schemas that specify homicides more frequently included child victims, were the kind of violence they might become involved in, given perpetrated by family members, and were intimate partner particular conditions (e.g., drinking, provocation). Preliminary violence (IPV) related. Drug involvement and criminal results suggest that greater accuracy is not revealed for self activity more frequently precipitated mass/multiple homicides perceptions of risk, when tests of accuracy take exposure to as well, while arguments more frequently precipitated single conditions (or lack thereof) into account. Although self- homicides. Over half of mass homicide perpetrators died by perceptions are useful markers of risk state, they may provide or attempted suicide following the homicides. Firearms were little direction for risk reduction. the most frequent weapon type across all incidents. These

61 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON findings indicate several intervention points including IPV missing persons alert and were told if they saw the person and suicide prevention, and mental health care. depicted in the alert they could win a cash prize. Participants were given time based and location based information about 051. Missing Persons and Child Victims the whereabouts of the ‘missing person’. Participants told the 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM ‘missing person’ would appear in the next 24 hours made Chastain J more sightings than participants told the ‘missing person’ **Session Eligible for CE Credit** would appear during the week.

Chair: Kara Moore, MA – University of Arkansas Recognition Training for Faces Across Age Gaps William Erickson, MA – University of Arkansas; James They Should Have Known: Hindsight and Outcome Biases Lampinen – University of Arkansas; Dawn Weatherford, PhD in AMBER Alert Cases – Arkansas State University; Charlie Frowd, PhD – Christine McDermott, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; University of Winchester Alicia DeVault, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica Miller, PhD – University of Nevada, Reno Facial aging poses a challenge to investigators trying to find missing persons and wanted fugitives who have been on the Although AMBER Alert is not very effective, it remains run for many years or decades. Age progressed images do not popular, possibly due to cognitive distortions such as aid in recognition of people whose appearance has changed hindsight and outcome biases. Mock jurors read a child better than outdated photographs. We developed and tested a abduction case in which the abductor is either a stranger, training regimen to train people to better recognizing the faces dangerous parent, or non-dangerous parent and the child is of people who have aged since their last viewing. Training either returned safely, killed, or no outcome is involved forward aging, reverse aging, or same age given. Participants gave outcome estimates as if the outcome recognition of younger or older adult faces. Training on older is unknown. Participants experienced hindsight and outcome adult faces increased age gap recognition accuracy on bias, such that child death is perceived as more foreseeable, posttests vs pretests, particularly among participants with and police actions as more ineffective, in the conditions in poorest recognition ability. which the child is killed. Implications are discussed. When Age Progressed Images Are Reliable and Valid Use of the Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent to William Erickson, MA – University of Arkansas; James Assess Trauma-Related Symptoms in Justice-Involved Lampinen – University of Arkansas; Charlie Frowd, PhD – Youth University of Winchester; Gregory Mahoney – Boston Police Anna Abate, BA – Sam Houston State University; Melissa Department Magyar, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Ericka Ball, MS – Sam Houston State University; Mia Ricardo, BA – Sam Age-progressed images are employed when law enforcement Houston State University; Jessica Hart, MA – Sam Houston agencies seek individuals missing for many years. Previous State University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University research has revealed that these images are often not good likenesses of their intended targets and lead to recognition no This study expands the current literature by examining the better than outdated photographs. The current work examines differential pattern of relations among theoretically relevant their reliability - that is, given the same materials, do age Personality Assessment Inventory-Adolescent (PAI-A; progressions made by different artsts of the same targets Morey, 2007) indicators and two distinct types of appear similar? We found that similarity between age interpersonal traumatic experiences in a juvenile justice progressions of same targets is highest over short age sample. Further, the current empirical work also contributes to ranges. Correlations also demonstrate that image pairs that the limited body of research on the PAI-A. The sample are similar to intended targets are generally similar to each consisted of male juvenile offenders (N = 151) placed on other. community supervision. Preliminary bivariate analyses indicated that adolescents reported higher levels of aggression 052. Emerging Issues in Juvenile Forensic Evaluation, and traumatic stress as the frequency of exposure to Practice, and Policy community violence increased, while all examined PAI-A 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM indicators were significantly related to childhood Chastain D maltreatment. Clinical implications of these findings will be **Session Eligible for CE Credit** discussed. Competence to Stand Trial (CST) and Criminal The Role of Temporal and Spatial Information Cues in Responsibility (CR) are two of the most common referral Locating Missing Persons questions for forensic psychologists. They have long been Kara Moore, MA – University of Arkansas; James Lampinen raised within the adult domain, but have only recently begun – University of Arkansas; Andrew Provenzano to be raised within the juvenile courts. Compared to the adult literature, there is little guidance around these issues for those We examined how temporal and spatial information affects working with youth. This symposium will apply prospective person memory (PPM). Prospective person developmental concepts and frameworks to juvenile forensic memory refers to situations where one is asked to be on the evaluation and services in the areas of juvenile CST and CR lookout for a missing individual. Participants viewed a mock

62 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON to provide guidance for evaluators and policymakers about should differ for juveniles in relation to the insanity defense how to handle these emerging forensic evaluation areas. or negation of mens rea.

Chair and Discussant: Kimberly Larson, JD, PhD – 053. AAFP Distinguished Contributions Award Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM Chastain E A National Examination of Juvenile Competence to Stand **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Trial Remediation Services and Practices Summer Langley, PsyD – William James College/University Chair: Randy Otto of Massachusetts Medical School; Tara Gallo, MA - William James College; Debra Pinals, MD – MA Department of Preventive Justice: An Agenda for Research Mental Health; Kimberly Lason, JD, PhD – University of Psychologists Massachusetts Medical School Christopher Slobogin, JD – Vanderbilt Law School

Similar to adult defendants, youth found incompetent to stand Preventive justice aims to take advantage of new trial may be provided services to restore/remediate developments and research, including research by competence abilities. Although adult competence restoration psychologists, in an effort to move the criminal system back is a frequently studied area, information regarding juvenile toward a preventive, forward-looking focus and away from a services is largely unavailable. A survey was designed and punitive, backward-looking approach. After describing administered to members of the National Association of State preventive justice and why now is a good time to push it, the Mental Health Program Directors [NASMHPD], Forensic talk will respond to ten objections to this type of regime and Division to gather data on jurisdictional juvenile remediation suggest research that psychologists might do to further the practices. Participants provided information regarding debate. competency evaluations, remediation services, legal educational services, and remediation time frames and 054. Police Interrogation outcomes, addressing a significant gap in the literature and 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM augmenting our knowledge of the national picuture regarding Chastain F juveile competence to stand trial. Chair: Stephanie Madon, PhD – Iowa State University The Kids’ Court School Competency Remediation Program: An Overview and Preliminary Analyses of Does the Confrontational Approach to Police Efficacy Interrogation Mobilize Suspects with the Resources Rebecca Nathanson, PhD – Boyd School of Law, University Needed to Resist Interrogative Influence? of Nevada, Las Vegas; Kimberly Larson, PhD, JD – Stephanie Madon, PhD – Iowa State University; Max Guyll, University of Massachusetts Medical School PhD – Iowa State University; Yueran Yang – Iowa State University; Laura Smalarz, PhD – Williams College; Curt Current law requires that juveniles be competent to stand trial More – Iowa State University prior to their involvement in court. According to Dusky v. US (1960), a defendant must have a rational and factual This research tested whether police interrogation triggers a understanding of court proceedings to be deemed competent. situationally-induced stress reaction among suspects that Past studies call into question whether juveniles could meet initially mobilizes them with the resources needed to resist the understanding element of the standard articulated in interrogation pressures. Using the cheating paradigm, guilty Dusky. The purpose of this presentation is to provide an and innocent participants were accused of sharing answers on overview of the Kids’ Court School Competency Remediation a laboratory task. The confrontational nature of this Program and to present preliminary data evaluating the accusation was manipulated by varying the seriousness of the efficacy of the program. The results of the preliminary study offense via a minimization and maximization suggest that the curriculum significantly increases youth’s tactic. Following the accusation, participants read a policy on legal knowledge and competency to stand trial ability. academic dishonesty for which attention and memory were assessed. Results supported the hypothesized process by Criminal Responsibility in Juvenile Courts showing that maximization enhanced attention and memory Lyla Schwartz, LCSW – University of Massachusetts medical for the academic dishonesty policy, effects that could school; Kimberly Larson, PhD, JD – University of facilitate resistance to interrogation pressures. Massachusetts Medical School Seeing Interrogations in Black and White: Effects of Criminal responsibility or the insanity defense is one of the Suspect Race on Perceptions of Coerciveness most frequent issues evaluated in adults by forensic Sara Appleby, PhD – Mercer University; Jeff Kukucka, PhD – examiners. However, this issue was not raised in juvenile Towson University courts until very recently. Only in the past few years has this emerged as a significant issue. States are just beginning to This study tested whether interrogations are seen as less explore the ways in which adult criminal law does not coercive, and confessions as more voluntary, when the translate well for youth. This paper applies a developmental suspect is Black rather than White. Participants (N=188) read framework to examine the ways in which practice and policy accounts of a low-pressure or high-pressure interrogation of

63 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON either a White, Black, or race-unknown suspect. Then, they structure (high, low), questioning phase (direct, cross), and rated various aspects of the interrogation, including its actual case outcome (acquittal, conviction). Subsequently, coerciveness and the suspect’s emotional state. Contrary to they responded to questions about the attorney, child, and our prediction, guilty verdicts were more common and the trial. Results showed that temporal structure and questioning detective was rated less favorably when the suspect was phase influenced perceptions of the attorney’s performance, White. These results are discussed in terms of the perceived child’s credibility, storyline clarity, and defendant’s stereotypicality of different crimes, and of mental versus guilt. These findings highlight the substantial impact of physical manifestations of dehumanization. attorney-specific factors on trial decisions.

The Presumption of Guilt in Suspect Interrogations: On Fact or Fiction: Adults’ Ability to Judge Children’s Coercion as a Trigger of Confirmation Bias Memory Reports about Secrets Moa Lidén, PhD – Uppsala University, Faculty of Law; Sandy Gonzalez, MA – California State University Minna Gräns, Professor – Uppsala University; Peter Juslin, Northridge; Sandra Michel, MA; Brittney Pasion-Perez, BA; Professor – Uppsala University Melanie Fessinger; Bradley McAuliff, PhD, JD

Since apprehensions require police officers to hypothesize We examined adults’ ability to discern children’s true and about a suspect’s guilt, they are potential triggers of false memory reports about a secret. Jury-eligible community confirmation bias. To test this, an experiment was conducted members (N=329) watched video-clips from children’s where Swedish police officers (N = 60) were faced with 12 interviews and rated their belief that children were asked to scenarios in which they either had to decide for themselves keep a secret. We created eight video-clip conditions based on whether to apprehend a suspect or were informed about event type (secret, no secret), child response (report, denial), another police officer’s or prosecutor’s decision. Participants and child age (5-6, 7-8 years). When children were asked to then prepared questions for a suspect interrogation and keep a secret, adults believed children who correctly reported evaluated the reliability of the suspect’s denial. Data more than those who falsely denied, but when children were collection is still in progress but results from pilot testing not asked to keep a secret, adults believed children who indicate that overall, apprehended suspects were interrogated falsely reported more than those who correctly denied. in a more guilt-presumptive manner. Current Practices in Child Forensic Interviewing: Insights Exploring the Impact of Cognitive Load on Interrogative from the Field Suggestibility Jillian Rivard, PhD – Barry University; Nadja Schreiber- Bryan Wylie, BS – Florida International University; Compo, PhD – Florida International University; Melissa Jacqueline Evans, PhD – Florida International University Diego, BA – Florida International University; Sofia Espinosa

Research demonstrates that taxing the limited pool of working In child sexual abuse investigations, forensic interviewers memory resources during recall results in poorer memory within the Child Advocacy Center (CAC) model serve as performance, and that when memory traces are weaker, neutral fact-finders for a team of professionals to investigate suggestibility increases. This is of concern in suggestive and intervene in cases of alleged child sexual abuse. Although interviews, wherein the interviewee might be more willing to empirical evidence has led to the development of best practice yield to suggestive questions if they are under heavy cognitive techniques and protocols, there is currently no universally load while answering questions, and/or were under heavy adopted protocol in the field. The present research gathered cognitive load when encoding the target event. The present detailed information from a national sample of real-world study examines the effects of cognitive load on interrogative child forensic interviewers about their training and current suggestibility. Specifically, time of imposition of cognitive practices, with a specific focus on assessing the information load is experimentally manipulated while performance on the interviewers typically review prior to conducting child Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scale is measured. forensic interviews.

055. Child Witnesses Inconvenient Truth-Tellers: Perceptions of Children’s 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM Blunt Honesty Chastain G Laurie Brimbal, MA – John Jay College and The Graduate Chair: Allison Mugno, MS – Florida International University Center, CUNY; Mary Zottoli; Angela Crossman, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice Attorney Questions Predict Credibility Assessments of Attorneys and Child Witnesses Although lying is typically judged harshly, under certain Allison Mugno, MS – Florida International University; conditions, a lie might be preferred to a harsh truth. We Jessica Klemfuss, PhD – Florida International University; investigated this dichotomy by having participants watch Thomas Lyon, PhD, JD – University of Southern California videos of children in different scenarios telling prosocial lies or truths, either bluntly or subtly. Participants rated (1) their Attorney questioning style, irrespective of child responses, impressions of the children and (2) how they would socialize may play a crucial role in how jurors form opinions about the behavior (i.e., reward or punish). Impressions of the child maltreatment cases. In the present study, jury-eligible children and likelihood of punishment/reward varied by participants read excerpts from criminal court transcripts of statement veracity, directness, and scenario type. Age and alleged child sexual abuse that varied in attorney temporal gender of the children interacted with the manipulations.

64 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Implications for the socialization and development of children’s lying will be discussed. The Psychological Impact of Solitary: A Longitudinal Comparison of General Population and Long-Term 056. Risk and Re-Entry Administratively Segregated Inmates 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM Ahley Batastini, PhD – University of Southern Mississippi; Chastain H Carly Chadick, MS – University of Southern Mississippi; **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Robert Morgan, PhD – Texas Tech University; Samuel Levulis, MA – Texas Tech University Chair: Candalyn B. Rade, MS – North Carolina State University The use of administrative segregation to detain nearly 6% of the U.S. prison population for up to 24 hours a day is a widely Implicit Theories of Criminal Behavior and Attitudes debated and controversial topic (see Morgan et al., 2015). Toward Ex-offender Reentry This study evaluates (1) whether or not psychological Candalyn Rade, MS – North Carolina State University; Sarah functioning varies depending on housing placement (i.e., Desmarais, PhD – North Carolina State University; Jeni general population vs. segregation) and (2) whether or not Burnette, PhD psychological functioning is further influenced by the length of time spent (ranging from 1 to 4 years) in restrictive housing Negative attitudes toward offenders reentering the community conditions. Data collection has been compeleted and is are a barrier to successful reentry. Implicit theory suggests currently being analyzed using a series of multivariate that this stigma may be explained through beliefs in the fixed analyses of covariance and multiple linear regressions. or malleable nature of behavior and personality—termed implicit person theories. We examined the effects of these 057. Saleem Shah Award Winner: Tess Neal beliefs on public attitudes toward ex-offender reentry, among 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM 172 community respondents. Results of serial multiple Chastain I mediation provide support for a pathway between person **Session Eligible for CE Credit** theories, belief in a just world, attitudes toward ex-offenders, and attitudes toward reentry. Findings suggest that fixed Chair: Candyce Shields, PhD, ABPP – American Academy of beliefs regarding behavior and personality are a potential Forensic Psychology target for anti-stigma interventions to improve offender reentry. Bias in Clinical and Legal Judgments Tess M.S. Neal PhD – Arizona State University Offenders’ Perceptions of Stigma: Importance and Measurement This presentation features research that weaves together the Sarah Phillips, BA – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, PhD – clinical, cognitive, and social traditions of psychological Drexel University science to study bias in expert decision making in the legal system, such as by forensic psychologists and The stigma associated with criminal offending may be a psychiatrists, forensic scientists, and judges. The overarching challenge as offenders return to the community following goal of this line of research is to discover new understandings incarceration. However, it is difficult to assess such stigma of how humans reason with and use complex information without a means for measuring it. In the current study, the while simultaneously making concrete contributions to the degree to which male and female offenders perceive and “real world” so that clinicians, judges, lawyers, scientists, and internalize stigma was examined using an updated stigma others can make better use of information. I will focus measurement tool. Additionally, initial data were gathered on especially on the emerging science of bias in forensic the relationship between perceptions of stigma, gender, and psychology, highlighting new findings about bias as well as risk of reoffending. detailing directions for future research.

Barriers to Community Reintegration for Sex Offenders 059. Special Topics in Sexual Assault and the Law Georgia Winters, MA – John Jay College and the Graduate 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Center, City University of New York; Elizabeth Jeglic, PhD – Chastain D John Jay College; Cynthia Calkins, PhD – John Jay College **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

We examined sex offenders’ perspectives on barriers to The present symposium investigates sexual victimization and community reintegration and their opinions of sex offender perpetration—and the resulting legal and institutional laws. Results revealed the majority of participants would be responses—within three unique contexts involving subject to sex offender laws upon release, such as registration particularly vulnerable victims: (1) sexual victimization and community notification. Offenders cited a wide variety of experienced by prison inmates, (2) child sexual abuse within possible challenges as they prepare to reenter society. the Boy Scouts of America, and (3) rape resulting in Interestingly, results suggested many sex offenders were in pregnancy. The first two papers address the dynamics of full or partial support of sex offender laws. The findings of sexual assault within specific institutions, as well as the the study shed light on obstacles sex offenders face during effectiveness of those institutions’ policies designed to reintegration and how they view the sex offender laws that combat such abuse. “Investigating Implementation of the many will be subject to once released. Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) in Virginia” describes

65 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON survey research with prison inmates regarding effectiveness Pregnancy from rape might provoke inaccurate or biased and perceptions of PREA. “Child Sexual Abuse in the Boy beliefs among legal actors that negatively impact women’s Scouts of America: Observations from 4,254 Ineligible trajectory through the legal system (e.g., Venema, 2014). The Volunteer Files” reviews the Ineligible Volunteer files opened present study investigated legal attitudes toward rape-related for adult volunteers and youth members suspected of child pregnancy among a jury-eligible sample (N = 408). Some sexual abuse, with the intention to prevent individuals participants held myths about rape-related pregnancy that identified as being unfit for Scouting from being involved in caused them to view the alleged victim negatively in a trial the BSA. The third paper, “When women conceive in rape: vignette. However, pregnancy increased the likelihood of a Legal attitudes among a jury-eligible sample,” concerns not a guilty verdict in the trial vignette, indicating that in at least specific institution but rather a category of victims—women some circumstances pregnancy may be seen as an “injury” who conceive in rape—who may be particularly prone to that increases sympathy toward the alleged victim (Bridges, pervasive cultural beliefs that negatively impact their legal 2013). trajectory. 060. Child Victims 2 Chair: Lucy A. Guarnera, MA – University of Virginia 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Discussant: Nesa E. Wasarhaley, PhD – Bridgewater State Chastain E University **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

Child Sexual Abuse in the Boy Scouts of America: Chair: Nicole Lytle, PhD – Montclair State University Observations from 4,254 Ineligible Volunteer Files James M. Wellbeloved-Stone, BA – University of Virginia, Attachment, Interviewer Support, and Children’s Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public Policy; Janet Eyewitness Memory About a Distressing Event Warren, DSW – University of Virginia Yoojin Chae, PhD – Texas Tech University; Gail Goodman, PhD – University of California, Davis; Miranda Goodman – The present investigation concerns 4,254 Ineligible Volunteer Eckerd College; Kelly McWilliams – University of Southern (IV) files of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) dated 1990- California; Natalie Troxel – University of California, Davis; 2010. These involved adult volunteers and youth members Ross Thompson – University of California, Davis; Phillip removed from Scouting for alleged child sexual abuse (CSA); Shaver – University of California, Davis; Keith Widaman – our analyses examined demographics of alleged perpetrators University of California, Riverside and victims of CSA, dynamics of alleged abuse, and victim selection patterns of IVs. These data can help to inform the Past research uncovered negative associations between BSA about the nature of CSA within Scouting, to direct future parental attachment avoidance and children’s memory about research into potential risk factors for CSA, and to model distressing experiences. We examined whether interviewer- collaboration between youth-serving organizations and provided social support helps children of highly avoidant researchers with the ultimate goal of reducing child sexual parents overcome memory deficits. Three- to 5-year-olds’ (N abuse. = 63) memory about a distressing event, the Strange Situation Procedure, was tested. In a nonsupportive condition, children Investigating Implementation of the Prison Rape of more avoidant parents demonstrated less accurate memory Elimination Act in Virginia compared with children of less avoidant parents, but in a Brittany Z. Crowley – Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public supportive condition, no significant differences in memory Policy; James Wellbeloved-Stone, BA – University of performance were observed as a function of parental Virginia; Janet Warren, DSW – University of Virginia avoidance. Findings provide important implications for forensic professionals who work with children. The 2003 Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) appropriated $302 million in federal funds to reduce rates of sexual Children’s Use of Dolls and Drawings as Representations victimization in correctional facilities, nationally. However, to Show Touch: Sex Differences Among Children Who inmates’ perceptions of PREA and the effectiveness of its Fail policies in reducing sexual abuse are not well understood. The Nicole Lytle, PhD – MontClair State University; Kamala current study surveyed inmates (N=272) as part of a project London, PhD – University of Toledo by Just Detention International to develop peer educator programs for female and male prisoners in Virginia. The data Despite their popularity in the forensic and clinical arenas, reveal mixed reactions concerning the inmates’ knowledge extant empirical work investigating children’s use of dolls and and perceptions of PREA, willingness to report victimization, drawings has yielded mixed data with most studies failing to involvement in consensual and forced sexual encounters, and support that the props benefit children’s memory perceived safety while incarcerated. reports. Recent research has found that young children’s ability to use props to simply show current touch undergoes When women conceive in rape: Legal attitudes among a development during the preschool years. The present study jury-eligible sample aimed to extend upon that work by investigating the role of Lucy A. Guarnera, MA – University of Virginia; N. Dickon children’s own bodies as a possible mechanism underlying Reppucci, PhD – University of Virginia their ability to use dolls and drawings to show touch. Forensic applications and theoretical implications of the findings will be discussed.

66 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON

Impeachment of Alleged Victims of Child Sexual Abuse in Talking Heads? Measuring Rapport in Contemporary Scottish Courts Interviews with Multiple Interviewers and Suspects in Zsofia Szojka, University of Cambridge; Samantha Andrews – England and Wales University of Cambridge; Michael Lamb, PhD– University of Jonathan Vallano, PhD – University of Pittsburg at Cambridge Greensburg

This study explored impeachment (i.e. credibility challenging) Rapport has been argued to be important when investigators techniques used by defence lawyers questioning 67 5- to 17- interview suspects. However, relevant research is sparse, year-old alleged victims in Scottish courts. 15% of the particularly when two interviewers are present, as is questions were impeaching. Of these, 78% focused generally increasingly the case. As such, the current study involved on credibility, whereas the remainder referred to specific observing 36 real-life investigation personnel when inconsistencies. On average, children complied with 26% of undertaking interviews with mock suspects during their the challenges; their tendencies to do so were higher for refresher training. Using a novel in-depth measurement tool questions concerning peripheral details and when the that itself had evolved from several existing research studies it challenge was not explicit. Overall, children were able to was found that rapport was effectively attempted, and in turn, resist credibility-challenging questions when they understood built only around half the time. It was also found that their aim and content, but the use of implicit suggestions positivity, interviewer empathy, trust, co-operation and should be restricted when young witnesses are being connection were more strongly associated with rapport. examined. What Do Language Barriers Reveal About Cues to Does It Help, Hurt, or Something Else? The Effect of a Deception? Something Else Response Alternative on Children’s Elizabeth Elliott, MA – University of Ontario Institute of Responses to Forced-choice Questions Technology; Amy Leach, PhD – University of Ontario Ashley Hall, PhD – University of Southern India; Kamala Institute of Technology London, PhD – University of Toledo; Nicole Lytle, PhD – Montclair State University We examined the impact of language proficiency on targets’ cues to deception. Fifty-six videos of lie and truth-tellers with Much research shows that children are less accurate in varying levels of English proficiency (i.e., native, advanced, response to forced-choice versus open-ended questions. As intermediate, and beginner) were independently analyzed by such, interviewers are cautioned to avoid forced-choice two raters. Our results revealed that intermediate and questions, particularly with young children. Some advanced English speaking targets revealed more cues to interviewers have recently adopted a technique of adding a deception (e.g., repeated words or phrases) more than native "something else" response option to two-alternative English speakers. Findings will be discussed in light of recent questions. The current study will investigate whether adding research on lie deception with native and non-native English the "something else" option affects children's reports of an speakers. experienced event following a one-week delay. Foreign Territory: Miranda Comprehension in an 061. Interviewing and Interrogations International Student Population 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Mark Houck, BS – Drexel University; Jennica Janssen, MS – Chastain F Drexel University; Suraji Wagage, BA, BS – Drexel Chair: Jonathan Vallano, PhD – University of Pittsburgh at Unversity; Siara Johnson; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel Greensburg University

An Evaluation of the Training Programme for Despite extensive extant research on factors associated with Investigative Interviewers in Sweden Miranda waiver capacities, few studies have investigated the Johanna Lindholm, PhD – Child and Youth Studies, role of recent immigration on Miranda comprehension. Due Stockholm University; Ann-Christin Cederborg; Ulrika to cultural and linguistic characteristics, individuals from Winerdal abroad may face unique barriers to understanding and appreciating their rights. Miranda comprehension data were Given how important training is to teach crime investigators collected from 65 native and 43 non-native undergraduates at best practices for forensic interviews with children, this study an urban university. Non-native students demonstrated greater examines the developing interviewing skills among 70 police Miranda comprehension deficits, particularly related to officers who partook in training on interviewing technique at Miranda vocabulary and accurate recognition of the meaning the Swedish police academy. One interview carried out before of the rights to silence and counsel. These findings warrant training started and one interview carried out two months after further investigation of the role of country of origin and training was completed were analysed, focusing specifically immigration on Miranda comprehension. on question types. Preliminary results show an increased number of open-ended prompts alongside a decreasing 062. Eyewitness Memory 1 number of option-posing and suggestive prompts. This 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM indicates that the police officers have implemented and Chastain G maintained best practices after the course was completed.

67 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Chair: Rolando N. Carol, PhD – Auburn University at Rolando Carol, PhD – Auburn University at Montgomery; Montgomery Jenna Kieckhaefer, PhD – California State University, Fresno; Nadja Schreiber-Compo, PhD – Florida Children’s Memory Reports for the Occurrence and International University Content of Conversations After a One-year Delay: An Investigation from Two Studies The extant literature on rapport building and cooperative Monica Lawson, MA – University of Toledo; Kamala London, eyewitnesses paints an inconsistent picture, with little PhD – University of Toledo; Maggie Bruck understanding of the underlying mechanisms through which rapport influences memory. The present study thus aimed to Forensic investigators and attorneys often ask children to address specific theoretical questions related to rapport recount conversations. In two studies, we evaluated children’s building by investigating its effect on eyewitness recall while memory reports for the occurrence and content of assessing participants’ working memory, benevolence, and conversations that occurred one-year previously. In the first altruism. Analyses indicated that the higher participants’ (N = study, 34 children provided memory reports for conversations 104) pre- and post-interview benevolence scores, the more with a suggestive and an exit interviewer regarding a staged accurate and subjective details were recalled, and magic show. In the second study, 77 8-year-olds’ reports for consequently the lower the over-all proportion of accurate a previous conversation with a researcher and an initial details recalled. Findings are discussed in light of witnesses’ memory tester were evaluated one-year later. Across both benevolent feelings towards the interviewer. studies, children struggled to recall the occurrence of the conversations and reports for the content were limited. 063. The Psychology of Plea Decisions Forensic implications will be discussed. 4:10PM to 5:10PM Chastain H Eyewitness Memory in Youth with and Without High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder Since 2014, NSF has funded a Research Coordination Jonni Johnson, MA – University of California, Davis; Gail Network (RCN) grant to expand multi-disciplinary research Goodman, PhD – University of California, Davis on plea-bargaining. Here we present new psychological research fueled by RCN meetings/discussions. Two Children diagnosed with high functioning autism spectrum presentations focus on the field: interviewing prosecutors and disorder (HFASD) evince eyewitness memory deficits defense attorneys about pre-plea discovery practices, and compared to typically developing (TD) children. Science- interviewing juveniles and adults about their experiences based interview methods created to assist TD children accepting plea deals in NYC. Findings indicate that (1) while accurately remember distressing events rely on cognitive prosecutors believe pre-plea discovery of exculpatory abilities that children with HFASD may not fully possess evidence is occurring – and states with “open-file policies” do (e.g., the ability to recount detailed memories in response to result in more disclosure overall – defense attorney free recall questions). This project assesses eyewitness perceptions diverge; and (2) for both juveniles and adults, memory in 9- to 18-years-old, with and without HFASD (N = substantial sentence discounts may be contributing to guilty 80) and examines the effectiveness of two interview protocols pleas for possibly innocent defendants. Two presentations for eliciting accurate reports (i.e., the Cognitive Interview and focus on laboratory approaches: the impact of environmental the Ten-Step Protocol). factors, and the considerations of immediate and future consequences in plea decisions. Specifically, (1) room Variations in Witness Memory Reports as a Function of variants can influence participants comfort in – and Language Proficiency understanding of – their decisions to plead guilty; and (2) Julio Martin - Florida International University; Jacqueline immediate rewards inherent in pleas (e.g., release from Evans, PhD – Florida International University detention) are given more weight than future consequences and, in some cases, more than guilt. Law professor and RCN The present study examines witness reports given by native member, Lucian Dervan, will discuss the implications of the Spanish speakers. Participants include college students who present research, the importance of multiple approaches, and self-identified as native English speakers, and native Spanish where to move from here. speakers who are learning English as their second language. Subjects watched a video of a mock crime being committed, Chair: Vanessa Edkins, PhD – Florida Institute of Technology and were interviewed in English regarding that crime. It is Discussant: Lucian Dervan, JD - Southern Illinois University predicted that non-native English speakers will provide fewer School of Law details, and less accurate information than native English speakers, but even more so when the non-native English To Provide or Not to Provide (Pre-Plea Discovery): speaker has a low English proficiency. Preliminary results Experiences of Prosecutors and Defenders from Differing suggest non-native speakers do in fact report more inaccurate State Discovery Models details. Allison Redlich, PhD - George Mason University; Jenia Turner – Southern Methodist University Being a Good Witness: Rapport-building's Effect on Eyewitness Recall and the Potential Roles of Benevolence, Although the Supreme Court requires prosecutors to provide Altruism, and Working Memory certain evidence to the defense prior to trials, it has never held the same for guilty pleas. In the proposed presentation, we

68 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON surveyed 637 prosecutors and defenders from NC and VA consequences would alter plea decisions, using three about their pre-plea discovery practices and experiences. scenarios with varying levels of future and immediate These two neighboring states have divergent discovery consequences to plea acceptance. Confirming temporal polices, with NC being “open-file” and VA being more discounting theory, participants focused on immediate restrictive. We find that open-file policies do not always result rewards of accepting a deal and discounted the negative future in more frequent discovery; for example, impeachment consequences – as immediate outcomes grew more evidence is provided significantly less often in NC than VA. prominent, almost half of ‘innocent’ participants preferred to Moreover, we find grossly different perceptions from plead guilty, ignoring obvious life-altering future prosecutors and defenders. consequences.

Plea Discounts, Time Pressures and False-Guilty Pleas in 064. Boldness and Psychopathy Youth and Adults Who Pleaded Guilty to Felonies in New 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM York City Chastain I Tina Zottoli, PhD - Montclair State University; Tarika **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Daftary-Kapur, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Julia Campregher, MA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; The Triarchic Model of psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Conor Hogan – St. Joseph’s College, NY; Tina Reifsteck – St. Krueger, 2009) conceptualizes psychopathic personality Joseph’s College, NY; Elizabeth Tahan, BA – Montclair State disorder through three phenotypic domains: boldness, University meanness, and disinhibition. The current symposium gives particular accord to boldness, which has been subject to Concerns have been raised about the potential for plea- considerable controversy. In Study 1, the lexical similarity discounts to be coercive, but little is known about the actual between the Triarchic Model and contemporary models of choices faced by defendants offered plea deals. Through psychopathy was examined among undergraduate students. interviews of juveniles and adults convicted of felonies in Typically, boldness held the weakest lexical similarity in New York City we found that substantial discounts are comparison with meanness and disinhibition. In Study 2, the offered to defendants in exchange for guilty pleas and that validity of the Youth Psychopathy Inventory (YPI; Andershed defendants often have very short time periods for decisions. et al., 2002) derived Triarchic scales were tested in a sample Also, juveniles and adults differed on self-reported guilt and of adolescent offenders. Support was found for the YPI- on ratings of attorney trust and competence. We discuss Boldness scale. In Study 3, the incremental and interactive results with respect to the differential impact that time effects of boldness were investigated in a sample of pressure and plea discount size might have on youth. undergraduates. Generally, boldness did not interact with or add incrementally to meanness and disinhibition in Environmental Impacts: Subtle Influences on Plea understanding external criteria. In Study 4, laypeople’s Negotiation Decisions perceptions of boldness and disinhibition were studied in a Joshua Haby, BA - University of Nebraska – Lincoln; Eve M. fraud vignette. Boldness predicted negative perceptions of a Brank, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska – Lincoln defendant. Given the contrasting views of the usefulness of boldness in this symposium and the broader psychopathy Despite research to the contrary, the plea-bargaining process literature, consideration should be given to an evaluative assumes a rational actor—one who weighs all options against standard for the inclusion or exclusion of boldness in our outcomes before making a choice. Yet, situated social definitions and measures of psychopathy. cognition research suggests subtle environmental differences may affect defendants’ decisions. We investigate the impact Chair: Dylan Gatner, MA – Simon Fraser University of ambient temperature and lighting on plea-like evaluations. Discussant: David Marcus, PhD – Washington State Findings suggest warmer temperatures negatively impact University participant’s comfort with their plea decision and understanding of the situation. Participants in the warmer Examining the Incremental and Interactive Effects of temperature condition also reported a higher willingness to Boldness with Established Domains of Psychopathy enter a nolo contendere-like plea. Warmer temperatures and Dylan Gatner, MA – Simon Fraser University; Kevin dark lighting decreased participant perceptions of freedom to Douglas, PhD – Simon Fraser University; Stephen Hart, PhD leave the decision situation. – Simon Fraser University

Freedom Now or a Future Later: Can Collateral Few studies have investigated the additive and synergistic Consequences be Rationally Considered in Plea effects of boldness with meanness and disinhibition— Decisions? domains of the Triarchic model of psychopathy (Patrick, Vanessa Edkins, PhD – Florida Institute of Technology; Fowles, & Krueger, 2009). For undergraduate students (N = Lucian Dervan, JD – Southern Illinois University School of 439), boldness—measured by the Triarchic Psychopathy Law Measure (TriPM; Patrick, 2010)—shared small positive associations with prosocial criteria but held few associations With a criminal conviction comes numerous restrictions on with harmful criteria. Boldness rarely provided incremental rights, and often these collateral consequences are not value above or interact with meanness and disinhibition with adequately communicated to a defendant accepting a plea respect to external criteria. Implications for the relevance of deal. We tested the assumption that knowledge of collateral boldness in psychopathy and the Diagnostic and Statistical

69 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric 065. Bias in Forensic Mental Health Evaluations: Association, 2013) psychopathic specifier are discussed. Understanding and Improving the Signal to Noise Ratio 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Examining YPI-Boldness in an Adolescent Offender Chastain J Sample **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Jared Ruchensky, BA – Texas A&M University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University; Samuel Hawes, MA – Professional ethics guide forensic psychologists to perform University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Edward Mulvey, evaluations in an objective manner, invulnerable to personal PhD – University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine biases or adversarial pressures. But forensic psychology scholarship—adept at identifying biases elsewhere in the The Triarchic Model (Patrick et al., 2009) suggests that justice system—historically neglected bias among psychopathy is comprised of meanness, disinhibition, and psychologists themselves. This symposium aims to help boldness. Recently, Drislane and colleagues (2015) derived sensitize psychologists to biases that may influence forensic scales from the Youth Psychopathy Inventory (YPI; evaluations, so that clinicians might better self-monitor, and Andershed et al., 2002) to measure these constructs using a researchers might better study, potential bias. sample of undergraduates and self-report measures (Drislane Session #1 reviews research conducted outside the field of et al., 2015). The present study expands upon this research by forensic psychology, addressing biases related to ethnicity, examining the validity of these scales and this model, with a gender, and even perceived appearance. These well- particular focus on the controversial boldness construct, in a documented biases appear relevant to forensic work—some sample of adolescent offenders. Finally, this study used a even influence layperson perceptions of credibility and multi-informant approach to examine associations between culpability—but have never been studied among forensic these scales and relevant outcome variables. evaluators.

Investigating the Lexical Similarity of the Triarchic Model Session #2 reviews recent research specific to forensic of Psychopathy with Other Models of Psychopathy psychologists, documenting variability in forensic opinions as Dylan Gatner, MA – Simon Fraser University; Kevin well as biases attributable to the influence of an adversarial Douglas, PhD – Simon Fraser University; Stephen Hart, PhD system. We present recent findings documenting “adversarial – Simon Fraser University allegiance,” in test scores, score interpretation, and communication practices. The Triarchic model of psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) posits that psychopathic personality comprises Session #3 responds to the first two, offering practical three domains: boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. The strategies for clinicians to monitor and minimize the influence present study aimed to clarify the role of boldness (i.e., social of biases on their work. Finally, our discussant (scholar- dominance, venturesomeness, emotional resiliency) in the clinician Stan Brodsky will reflect on the symposium’s definition of psychopathy—a topic of recent debate. implications for future research and practice. Undergraduate students (N = 439) compared the lexical similarity of boldness, meanness, and disinhibition with two Chair: Sara Boyd, PhD – Woodbridge Psychological contemporary models of psychopathy: the Comprehensive Associates, P.C. Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (Cooke, Hart, Logan, Discussant: Stan Brodsky, Ph.D. – University of Alabama & Michie, 2012) and Five-Factor Model of psychopathy Psychology Department (Widiger & Lynam, 1998). Boldness was generally rated as lexically unrelated to contemporary models of psychopathy. General Bias Research: Implications for Forensic Mental Health Evaluations Effects of Boldness and Disinhibition on Perceptions of a Sara Boyd, PhD – Woodbridge Psychological Associates, White-Collar Criminal Defendant P.C. Allison Rulseh, MS – Texas A&M University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University Research on forensic mental health evaluation practices has only recently begun to explore some biases potentially The present study aimed to provide insight regarding shaping evaluators’ processes and opinions. But there is no layperson perceptions of white-collar criminal defendants reason to believe that forensic evaluators are immune to the and, more specifically, whether boldness, a putatively vulnerabilities described in the broader body of research on adaptive and socially desirable trait, would be viewed bias. This presentation will provide a brief description of negatively within the context of deviant behavior. To examine opportunities for bias to intrude on the forensic mental health these issues, 330 community members read a vignette of a assessment process, and two examples of recent (non- fraud case, in which the defendant’s degree of boldness and forensic) findings with implications for bias in forensic disinhibition was manipulated. As hypothesized, the boldness mental health assessment. manipulation predicted more negative perceptions of the defendant. These findings suggest that the presence of Adversarial Allegiance and the Bias Blind Spot Among personality traits that typically are seen as socially desirable Forensic Psychologists can be perceived negatively in the context of criminal Daniel Murrie, PhD – Institute of Law, Psychiatry, & Public behavior. Policy at the University of Virginia; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University Clinical Psychology Program

70 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Raina Lamade, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Despite longstanding concerns from the legal system, Shannon Spencer; Sarah Schaaf; Neil Malamuth; Robert psychologists have only recently begun to explore Prentky, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University systematically the ways in which forensic psychologists may be vulnerable to biases resulting from the pull of adversarial This project, mandated by the White House and funded by the proceedings. This session reviews a recent program of SMART Office has a principle mission of developing an research addressing “adversarial allegiance,” a bias among evidence-based treatment option for students found some forensic experts towards the party retaining their responsible for sexual misconduct. We will present an services (Murrie & Boccaccini, in press). We conclude by overview of the scope of the project, with a focus on Phase I presenting recent evidence that experts are quick to identify data collection directed at informing the development of a risk adversarial allegiance among others but slow to recognize it protocol for this emerging adult population, which, in turn, in themselves (a “bias blind spot;” Pronin et al., 2002). will inform Phase II development of a treatment module targeting individual needs. We will also discuss the Strategies for Managing the Effects of Evaluator Bias in challenges and hurdles in student compliance and university Forensic Mental Health Evaluations in Criminal Cases compliance, as well as practical, legal, and ethical issues William Stejskal, PhD – Woodbridge Psychological raised by a therapeutic sanction. Associates, P.C. Predicting Sexual Violence on the College Campus: A Forensic psychologists conduct forensic mental health Comprehensive and Integrative Model evaluations in criminal cases, relying upon a variety of Jessica Semman, BA - University of Nebraska-Lincoln; M. J. evaluation procedures and methodologies within the larger Schlosser – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Heath Hodges, context of a highly adversarial adjudicative process. Forensic MLS, MA – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Valerie opinions are vulnerable to the operation of biases that could, Gonsalves, PhD, MLS – Sand Ridge Secure Treatment if unmitigated, result in dispositions that violate defendants’ Center; Mario Scalora, PhD – University of Nebraska- rights, undermine public safety, and erode confidence in the Lincoln science and practice of psychology. Forensic psychologists must undertake corrective measures to manage potential Sexual violence, the use of physical or nonphysical tactics to sources of bias in their evaluations and forensic opinions. The obtain unwanted sex or sexual contact, affects 6.1 out of every author suggests strategies for managing several potential 1000 female college students in the United States. While sources of bias in forensic mental health predictors of sexual violence have been identified, the extent to which these characteristics collectively predict sexual 066. Campus Sexual Assaults violence is less understood. The present study tested a 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM predictive model using 237 male college students. Predictors Chastain D included rape myths, psychopathy, hostility towards women, **Session Eligible for CE Credit** empathy, and acceptance of interpersonal violence. A logistic regression showed hostility towards women as a significant Chair: Raina Lamade, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University predictor. However, psychopathy eclipsed this effect when added to the model. Sexual Risk-Taking Behaviors, Compulsivity, and Sexual Coercion in College Males Examining the Effects of Victim Characteristics and Megan Harrelson, BA – Auburn University; Apryl Alexander, Other Situational Factors on Juror Decision Making in PsyD – Auburn University College Sexual Assault Cases Ciera Ferrone, BS – Appalachian State University; Amber Sexual coercion is a pervasive threat on college campuses. Layfield – Appalachian State University; Twila Wingrove, JD, Many universities have targeted prevention efforts on PhD – Appalachian State University reducing risky sexual behavior (i.e., sexual behavior that occurs while under the influence of drugs or alcohol). The This paper explores situational factors that might affect present study examined the relationship between risky sexual jurors’ perceptions of sexual assault, by manipulating victim behaviors, compulsive sexual thoughts, and sexual coercion and perpetrator characteristics. Participants were given a perpetrated by undergraduate males. It was hypothesized that “police report” detailing a sexual assault, in which variables there would be significant relationship between sexual risk- regarding the female victim and her relationship to the male taking, sexual compulsivity, and sexual coercion. Results perpetrator were manipulated. These situational factors found that sexual compulsivity predicted both risky sexual include the victim’s risky behaviors, whether the victim and behavior and sexual coercion. However, no relationship was the perpetrator had a relationship or were strangers, and found between risky sexual behavior and sexual coercion. whether force by the perpetrator was clearly indicated in the Implications for intervention are discussed. report. Results indicate that of the manipulations, use of force most strongly predicted juror verdict, perpetrator guilt, and Update on the White House / SMART Office Campus victim blame. Sexual Misconduct Project: Risk Assessment and Treatment Protocol

71 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON 067. ECP Committee: An Interdisciplinary Mentoring Fact based instructions are hypothesised to enhance Event: Opportunities for Early Career Professionals comprehension and application of the law by re-ordering 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM instructions in a logical sequence of factual questions to Chastain E provide a route to verdict. A realistic simulated trial study, involving 1007 members of a jury pool, was conducted This special session will feature distinguished judges, comparing fact-based instructions with plain language attorneys, and psychologists from a variety of specialty instructions, plain language instructions and checklist, and areas who will discuss the direction and implications of standard instructions. Paraphrase scores indicated that forensic psychology from the perspective of these various participants receiving fact-based instructions, plain language, stakeholders. This partnering across disciplines provides for a and checklist instructions performed better than participants mutual exchange of ideas and information. The special receiving standard instructions but equally well with each session will give early career psychologists opportunities to other. Findings for application provided limited support for ask questions and discuss ideas in legal practice, clinical the hypothesis that fact-based instructions would be work, research, and policy. The first half will be a fast-paced, associated with better performance than all other conditions. stimulating conversation of thought-provoking topics and trends in our field. The session will conclude with a social Improving Judicial Communication with Jurors: A Trans- event allowing for more informal discussion over appetizers Tasman Field Study and drinks. James Ogloff, PhD, JD – Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology; Jonathan Chair: Kathleen Kemp Clough, LLB, LLM, PhD – Faculty of Law, Monash Panel: Patty Griffin, PhD; Peter Ash, MD; Virginia Barber- University; Benjamin Spivak, BA – Centre for Forensic Rioja, PhD; Michelle Guyton, PhD, ABPP; Daniel Murrie, Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology; PhD; Angela Torres, PhD, ABPP Warren Young, LLB, PhD; Yvette Tinsley, LLB, PhD – Faculty of Law, Victoria University of Wellington 068. Improving Juror Comprehension of Judicial Instructions: Evidence from Australia and New Zealand Most research on jury comprehension of judicial instructions 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM has taken place in the lab, with few studies examining Chastain F whether results are valid in real trial settings. A field study was conducted to examine the extent to which trials in New Chair: James R.P. Ogloff, PhD, JD – Centre for Forensic Zealand that employed fact-based jury instructions- an Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology approach that involves asking the jury a series of logically sequenced factual questions, differed from Australian trials Jury Instructions in the Antipodes: Issues, Developments utilising traditional approaches. Results suggest that fact- and Challenges from a Legal Perspective based instructions are associated with shorter instructional Jonathan Clough, LLB, LLM, PhD – Faculty of Law, Monash time and shorter deliberation time. Interview data suggests University; James Ogloff, PhD, JD – Centre for Forensic that the application of fact-based instructions does not Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology; necessarily proceed in sequential order. Benjamin Spivak, BA – Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology 069. Estimator variables and Eyewitness ID 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM The past decade has seen a number of common law Chastain G jurisdictions adopting reforms designed to improve juror comprehension of judicial instructions. In Australia, Canada, Chair: Curt A. Carlson, PhD – Texas A&M University - NZ, and the UK, courts and legislatures have provided for so- Commerce called ‘fact based’ instructions- an approach that involves asking the jury a series of sequenced factual questions. How Much Is Too Much? The Effects of Real-world Focusing on Australia and NZ, this paper will provide an Intoxication Levels on Eyewitness Identifications overview of these reforms, with an emphasis on ‘fact-based’ Christopher Altman, MA - Florida International University; directions. It aims to illustrate the challenges of jury reform Nadja Schreiber-Compo, PhD – Florida International within the constraints of the criminal trial process, and the University; Dawn McQuiston – Wofford College; Angelica need to support jury comprehension throughout the trial. Hagsand; Jiselle Cervera – Florida International University; Robert Gonzalez – Florida International University; Odile St. Asking the Right Questions: Evaluating the Efficacy of Flour – Florida International University Fact Based Instructions in a Simulated Sexual Assault Trial Intoxicated witnesses often exceed the legal BAC limit of .08 Benjamin Spivak, BA – Centre for Forensic Behavioural (Evans et. al, 2009); however, no research has examined how Science, Swinburne University of Technology; James Ogloff, high levels of intoxication impair eyewitnesses’ memory PhD, JD – Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, using a lineup procedure. This study tested witnesses’ Swinburne University of Technology; Jonathan Clough, LLB memory across a broad BAC spectrum (.00-.32). Bar patrons LLM PhD – Faculty of Law, Monash University were recruited to watch a mock crime video before making an identification from either a target-absent or target-present lineup. Results suggest that intoxicated witness’ identification

72 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON performance parallels that of sober witnesses, but highly 070. Application of Triage Approach for Risk Assessment intoxicated witnesses are less confident in their Decision Making identifications. Implications for collecting evidence from 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM intoxicated witnesses are discussed. Chastain H **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Interviewing Intoxicated Witnesses: The Effects of State- Sependent Retrieval and Delay The existence of structured instruments to guide clinical Katherine Hoogesteyn, BA - Florida International University; decisions about violence risk is well established. What is less Nadja Schreiber-Compo, PhD; Michael Powell; Michelle clear is how clinicians make decisions about when to utilize Pena - Florida International University these techniques, particularly given the time and resources that are typically required for a thorough risk assessment. To Many real-world eyewitnesses are under the influence of date, this “screening” process has been largely unstructured alcohol either at the time of the crime, the interview or both. and idiosyncratic, with considerable potential for Only recently has empirical research begun to examine the error. Currently there are no screening tools to help clinicians effects of alcohol on witness memory, yielding mixed results. decide which psychiatric patients are most in need of a We examined the effects of intoxication after a delay, holding thorough violence risk assessment. constant state of intoxication at encoding and retrieval. Should intoxicated witnesses sober up or recall as quickly as In response to this need, our research team developed the possible? Results suggest that moderately intoxicated Fordham Risk Screening Tool (FRST), an instrument witnesses (BAC > .08) recall better when interviewed designed to identify patients most urgently need of an immediately, than after 1 week (when sober). There was no assessment of violence risk. This symposium introduces the advantage of same-state recall for intoxicated witnesses after FRST, and presents data from a recent study (N=150) of its 1 week. utility. The individual presentations will address the overall accuracy of the FRST in identifying high risk psychiatric The Weapon Focus Effect on Memory for Black Versus patients (presentation one), examining clinical variables that White Perpetrators distinguish settings in which the FRST is more or less Danielle Sneyd, BS – Ball State University; Kerri Pickel, PhD accurate (presentation two), examining the association – Ball State University between comorbid suicide and violence risk (presentation three), and exploring the impact of protective factors on the Prior research on the weapon focus effect suggests that link between violent ideation/behavior and violence risk weapons could attract eyewitnesses’ attention because (a) (presentation four). they are threatening and people attend to sources of threat or (b) they are unexpected within most contexts, and people Chair: Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham University attend to unusual objects. The unusualness explanation Discussant: Eric Elbogen, PhD, MLS – University of North predicts that, due to racial stereotypes associating Black men Carolina School of Medicine with weapons and crime, a weapon’s presence should cause a smaller reduction in the accuracy of witnesses’ descriptions of Development and Initial Validation of the Fordham Risk a Black versus a White male perpetrator. Our results Screening Tool (FRST) supported this hypothesis. Because threat ratings were similar Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham University; Melodie for both perpetrators, the results are incompatible with the Foellmi, MA – Fordham University; Ali Khadivi, PhD – threat explanation. Bronx Lebanon Hospital; Charity Wijetunga, MA – Fordham University; Alicia Nijdam-Jones, BA – Fordham University; How Much Is Too Much? The Effects of Real-world Merrill Rotter, MD – Bronx Psychiatric Center Intoxication Levels on Witness Precision and Certainty Robert Gonzalez, Florida International University; Identifying which psychiatric patients are at high risk for Christopher Altman – Florida International University; Nadja future violence is increasingly feasible, yet requires time- Schreiber-Compo, PhD – Florida International University consuming procedures that far outstrip resources available in most settings. We developed the Fordham Risk Screening Research on intoxicated witnesses has shown few differences Tool (FRST) to assist in this process. This study presents between intoxicated and sober witnesses (e.g., Schreiber preliminary results for 150 individuals rated using the FRST Compo et al., 2012). Possible explanations for these findings and the HCR-20 version 3 (HCR-20V3). The FRST identified include the relatively low BAC levels (< .08) tested thus far, 85% of patients rated as “high risk” on the Case Prioritization allowing for metacognitive adjustments when reporting. The summary rating, and 100% of patients rated as high risk of present study tested witness memory across a broad BAC Serious Physical Harm and Imminent Violence. Implications spectrum (.000-.031). Patrons drinking at a bar were of these findings for clinical practice will be discussed. recruited, presented with a videotaped mock crime, and interviewed about the crime. Interviews were recorded, The Fordham Risk Screening Tool: Equally Effective transcribed, and scored for both accuracy and precision. Data With All Patients? scoring is currently being completed. A negative correlation Melodie Foellmi, MA – Fordham Unversity; Barry Rosenfeld, between witness BAC and precision level is predicted. PhD – Fordham University; Ali Khadivi, PhD – Bronx Lebanon Hospital; Shana Grover, MA – New School for

73 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON Social Research; Charity Wijetunga, MA – Fordham The Philadelphia Police School Diversion Program represents University; Alicia Nijdam-Jones, BA – Fordham University a collaborative effort by the Philadelphia Police Department, School District of Philadelphia, Department of Human This study investigated the predictive utility of the Fordham Services, and other juvenile justice stakeholders to dismantle Risk Screening Tool (FRST), a violence screening measure, the school-to-prison pipeline by substantially reducing the prospectively in 148 civil psychiatric inpatients, using HCR- number of school-based arrests. Under the diversion program, 20V3 violence risk ratings as the outcome measure. This which began in all Philadelphia schools in May 2014, first- study specifically examined the moderating influence of time offending youth are no longer arrested for summary or demographic, clinical, and contextual variables on the low-level misdemeanor delinquent offenses committed on accuracy of the FRST. Preliminary analyses indicate that school property and are offered community-based services while the FRST accurately predicted violence risk ratings on instead. To date, 615 youth have been diverted. School-based the HCR-20V3, none of the hypothesized variables (gender, arrests for Year 1 of the program were down 54% from the education level, diagnosis, threat-control-override symptoms, pre-diversion school year and were accompanied by a 17% prior homelessness) significantly impacted its predictive reduction in school-based incidents. Talk 1 of this symposium accuracy. Further analyses will explore these and other will be presented by Philadelphia’s Deputy Police potential moderators will be explored. Commissioner and will describe the development, design, and implementation of the diversion program in all 214 The Role of Protective Factors in Violence Risk Triage Philadelphia public schools. Talk 2 will provide Year 1 results Charity Wijetunga, JD, MA – Fordham University Clinical regarding reductions in arrests and school disciplinary Psychology Doctoral Program; Melodie Foellmi, MA – responses. Talk 3 will offer a portrait of diverted youths’ Fordham University; Ali Khadivi, PhD – Bronx Lebanon academic performance, disciplinary histories, and Hospital; Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham University involvement in behavioral incidents. Talk 4 will review implementation study results, emphasizing police officer Many researchers agree that violence risk assessment should perceptions of the program. Future project directions, goals, include both risk and protective factors, yet protective factors and replication efforts will be discussed. remain understudied. We examined the association between the Fordham Risk Screening Tool (FRST) and the Structured Chair: Lindsey Cole, PhD – Drexel University Assessment of Protective Factors for Violence Risk Discussant: Rhonda McKitten, JD – Defender Association of (SAPROF) among psychiatric patients rated on the HCR-20. Philadelphia Among patients identified by the FRST as needing risk assessment, low SAPROF scores characterized most of those Who Is Diverted? The Youth in Philadelphia’s Police rated as high risk for Case Prioritization, Serious Physical School Diversion Program Harm, and Imminent Violence. These findings suggest that Lindsey Cole, PhD – Drexel University; Mark Houck, BS – low levels of protective factors may serve as a link between Drexel University; Maggie Corcoran – Drexel University; risk screening and final risk judgments. Erinn Tobin – Drexel University; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University Comorbid Violent and Suicidal Ideation: What Accounts for the Differences? The Police School Diversion Program offers youth a pre- Shana Grover, MA – New School for Social Research; Ali arrest diversion opportunity to avoid justice system Khadivi, PhD – Bronx Lebanon Hospital; Melodie Foellmi, involvement. This paper describes the incidents, disciplinary MA – Fordham University; Barry Rosenfeld, PhD – Fordham history, and academic records of the 486 youth diverted University during the first year of the program. Most often, youth were referred and diverted for weapon possession (42.80%) or The link between suicide and homicide is often theorized but narcotic/marijuana possession (41.77%). Most had no prior infrequently studied. We examined the association between behavioral incidents in school (66.90%) or contact with PPD violent and suicidal ideation (SI) in psychiatric patients (74.10%). Furthermore, the majority of students had passing admitted to an urban hospital. The Fordham Risk Screening grades in their core subjects (English: 81.60%; Math: Tool (FRST) was used to examine violent ideation (VI) and 68.30%). Results indicated that youth were typically first-time the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale to assess SI. offenders who may benefit from diversion program Suicidal ideation was overrepresented among patients with VI participation. (p < .001), and several variables differentiated those with VI who had comorbid SI from those without (e.g., history of Year 1 Outcomes of Philadelphia’s Police School trauma, past suicide attempts, previous incarceration, and Diversion Program: Reductions in Arrests, Behavioral others). The implications of these findings for clinical practice Incidents, and School Disciplinary Responses will be discussed. Naomi E. S. Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University; Emily Haney-Caron, MS – Drexel University; Lindsey Cole, PhD – 071. Philadelphia’s Police School Diversion Program: Drexel University; Mark Houck, BS – Drexel University; Dismantling the School-to-Prison Pipeline Stephanie Brooks Holliday, PhD – Drexel University 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM Chastain I In an effort to disrupt the school-to-prison pipeline, the Philadelphia Police Department joined with other city agencies to implement the Police School Diversion Program

74 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON in all Philadelphia schools. The primary objective of the Alana Cook, PhD – BCMHSUS Forensic Psychiatric Service program is to divert first time offenders from arrest to Commission; Stephen Hart, PhD- Simon Faser University; D. prevention services. School-based arrest rates for Year 1 of Elaine Pressman; Steven Strange; Yan Lim the diversion program were down 54% from the previous school year, behavioral incidents decreased by 17%, and We report findings from an evaluation of the VERA-2, the school disciplinary transfers decreased by approximately MLG, and the HCR-20V3 for the individual assessment of 75%. This paper will present outcome data from the terrorism. The results indicated that the MLG and HCR-20 program’s first year and discuss future directions, including could be applied reliably to cases of terrorism, in a replication plans for expansion from schools into the community. of an evaluation of the VERA (Beardsley & Beech, 2013); the MLG and HCR-20 had a high degree of agreement on cases; Keeping Kids in School and Out of Court: Philadelphia’s and based on a content analysis, the tools all overlapped in Police School Diversion Program some respects, but that the VERA-2 and the MLG provide Kevin Bethel, MS – Philadelphia Police Department; Lindsey unique factors to consider in the assessment and management Cole, PhD – Drexel University; Emily Haney-Caron, MS – of terrorism when compared to the HCR-20V3. Drexel University; Jose Loya – Philadelphia Defender Association; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University Applying Principles of Risk Assessment to Cases of Animal Cruelty Zero-tolerance policies have spawned harsh disciplinary Lacey Levitt, PhD – California Department of Corrections practices in schools, including excessive use of suspensions, and Rehabilitation; Thomas Grisso, PhD – University of expulsions, and arrest. Concerned with the number of school- Massachusetts Medical School based arrests, Philadelphia stakeholders created the Police School Diversion Program to divert youth, pre-arrest, from Almost half of all U.S. states have statutes authorizing or contact with the juvenile justice system. Under this program, directing judges to order forensic evaluations of those youth are no longer arrested for summary or low-level convicted of animal maltreatment (FAMEs). Presumably, misdemeanor offenses committed on school property and, courts seek information on the offender’s likelihood of instead, are offered services through community-based reoffending, whether the animal cruelty signals an increased providers. Philadelphia’s Deputy Police Commissioner will risk of harm to people, and whether interventions such as present this first symposium paper, providing an overview of counseling might mitigate future risk. The modern field of the diversion program, including the development process and forensic assessment offers about 40 years of experience in the its implementation in all Philadelphia schools. development of assessment instruments designed specifically to address questions about violence risk. The field of FAMEs Police Officer Perceptions of the Philadelphia Police can accelerate growth by borrowing on that experience when School Diversion Program developing animal cruelty-specific risk assessment methods. Emily Haney-Caron, MS – Drexel University; Erinn Tobin – Drexel University; Mark Houck, BS – Drexel University; Dually-Involved Youth of El Paso County, Texas Lindsey Cole, PhD – Drexel University; Naomi Goldstein, Chelsea Geise, BA – Roosevelt University; Elijah Ricks, PhD PhD – Drexel University – Roosevelt University; James Wood, PhD – University of Texas at El Paso In 2014, stakeholders implemented the Philadelphia Police School Diversion Program. As part of the program’s This study examined predictive factors and outcomes of implementation evaluation, school police officers were primarily Hispanic delinquent youth who also have a history surveyed at five time-points, over a 14-month period, of maltreatment (dually involved). Researchers cross matched regarding their perceptions of the procedures for addressing 300 adjudicated youth from the El Paso County Juvenile delinquent acts on school property and the perceived impact Probation Department with Child Protective Services’ (CPS) of those procedures on schools and students. Survey results records to determine if each had a history of indicate officers largely see the diversion program as a maltreatment. Dually involved youth (n = 49, 16.3%) were positive change for students and schools, felt prepared to more likely to have a mental health issue, a court-appointed implement the program, and are observing positive results. attorney (proxy for lower socio-economic status), and familial Policy implications of survey results to the Philadelphia substance abuse or criminal justice involvement. Findings are diversion program and to other jurisdictions will be discussed. discussed in relation to other populations, with implications for both juvenile justice policy and cultural research. 072. Risk Assessment and Special Populations 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM Offending Behaviors Through the Lens of Autism Chastain J Spectrum Disorder: Risk and Response **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Philip O’Donnell, PhD – University of Colorado-Denver, School of Medicine; Rachel Loftin, PhD – Rush University; Chair: Lacey Levitt, PhD – California Department of Laurie Sperry, PhD, BCBA-D – Regis University Corrections and Rehabilitation Core characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), A Concurrent Evaluation of Threat Assessment Tools for including social communication and interpersonal skills the Individual Assessment of Terrorism deficits, intense restricted interests and rigid behavioral routines, may be implicated in certain types of offending

75 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON behaviors (e.g., verbal threats, physical assault and sexually response. This paper will identify key factors that should offensive behaviors). A tailored approach to psycho-legal inform forensic risk assessment with this population and intervention is required when working with this describe a specialized program to mitigate risk of sexual population. Unfortunately, common approaches to risk offending among individuals with ASD. assessment and legal intervention do not adequately account for the ASD phenotype in determining risk and

76 FRIDAY, MARCH 11TH - AFTERNOON 073. Friday Evening Poster Session understanding of Miranda rights. Moreover, age and Verbal IQ significantly predicted performance; however, further analysis suggested this result might only apply to the youth 001. 1st Place Undergraduate Paper Award: Determining sample. These findings seem to support existing legal Negligence in Cases Involving Intoxicated Drivers: Are distinctions between youths and adults, regardless of People Willing to Blame Remote Causes of Harm? achievement background. Hannah Phalen – Arizona State University 003. The Impact of Community Treatment on Recidivism Drinking and driving is a pervasive problem in American in Mental Health Courts society. To manage this problem, many states have instituted Woojae Han, MSW – University at Albany; Allison Redlich, dram shop and social host laws. These laws hold businesses PhD – George Mason University and social hosts accountable for the actions of their patrons and guests. Dram shop and social host laws were designed to To reduce arrests, a core component of mental health courts incentivize servers and social hosts to stop people from (MHCs) is the provision of community treatment. Despite the overdrinking and prevent intoxicated driving. But to be important link between treatment and arrest, research on this effective, they require judges and jurors to hold servers and relationship is rare. In the proposed, data from the MacArthur hosts—more remote causes of harm than drunken drivers— MHC Project are analyzed, which includes objective (arrest responsible. Do people support these laws and specifically, records) and subjective information (e.g., self-reported will they assign blame in these cases as the laws require? The treatment utilization) from 357 MHC and 384 TAU present study examined how laypeople assign blame in cases participants. A fixed-effects regression was conducted to involving dram shop and social host laws to understand if control for selection bias between groups. For the TAU group, people’s intuitions line up with the laws’ intentions. none of the treatment variables impacted future arrest. For the Approximately 300 participants read vignettes about a case MHC group, however, increased medication compliance and involving drunk driving. The vignettes varied the party that mental health services significantly decreased arrests. provided the alcohol (a bar, social host, or the driver himself) and the injury type (personal injury or property damage). 004. Family Dependency Treatment Court (FDTC): Participants were asked to evaluate negligence and assign Follow-Up Evaluation Results blame. They assigned significantly more blame to the driver Melissa M. Barongi, BA – University of South Florida; than the bar or the social host and the type of injury rarely Kathleen Moore, PhD – University of South Florida; Scott influenced their judgment. When they did assign blame to the Young, PhD – University of South Florida bar or the social host, they typically stated the bar and social host were only probably negligent, probably foreseeable, etc. Family Dependency Treatment Courts (FDTC) have recently suggesting that their intuitions are inconsistent with the laws’ emerged as an increasingly popular modality for treatment of requirements. substance-abusing parents involved in child welfare systems (Boles, Young, Moore, & DiPirro-Beard, 2007). This study 002. 2nd Place Undergraduate Paper Award: Comparing evaluated outcomes for 35 substance-abusing parents enrolled the Miranda Rights Comprehension of High-Achieving in a FDCT program. Interviews were conducted at baseline Juveniles and Young Adults in the Community and 6-month follow-up to assess participants’ demographics, Siara Johnson, BS - Drexel University; Mark J. Houck, BS - mental health symptoms, and substance use; reunification Drexel University; Amanda NeMoyer, MS, JD - Drexel rates were also documented. Results indicated a high University; Leah Brogan, MS - Drexel University; Naomi E. prevalence of mental health and substance use at baseline that S. Goldstein, PhD - Drexel University; Sharon Messenheimer significantly decreased at follow up; impressively, 61% were Kelley, JD, PhD - University of Virginia, Institute of Law, reunified with their children. These findings suggest that Psychiatry, and Public Policy; Rachel Kalbeitzer, PhD - FDTC programs should continue to address mental health and Walter Reed Army Medical Center substance use to optimize reunification rates.

Researchers and legal practitioners recognize important 005. Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Sorority Members differences between youths’ and adults’ capacities to Laura Serrano Amerigo – Auburn University; William Kelner understand and appreciate Miranda rights. However, much of – Auburn University; Megan Harrelson, BA – Auburn the extant research in this area has focused on justice- University; Apryl Alexander, PsyD – Auburn University involved individuals; no studies have investigated whether similar differences exist among high-achieving community Alcohol consumption has been shown to increase the members. Such data would add nuance to existing likelihood of engaging in risky sexual behavior (Cooper, understanding of developmental differences in Miranda 2002). Students in Greek organizations consume significantly comprehension. The current study compared scores on the more amounts of alcohol than their non-Greek counterparts; Miranda Rights Comprehension Instruments (MRCI) for 64 therefore, they are more likely to engage in risky sexual juveniles from a private college preparatory school and 50 behavior (Cashin et al., 1998). Previous literature has not young adults from a private university to evaluate the evaluated the increased likelihood of risky sexual behavior relationship between age and Miranda rights comprehension. based on Greek affiliation. The present study examines self- Overall, youth demonstrated significantly poorer Miranda reported risky sexual behavior of Greek women in rights comprehension than did the young adults, performing comparison to non-Greek women. Data were collected from particularly poorly on instruments assessing basic 166 Greek women and 176 non-Greek women from a

77 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Southeastern university. No significant differences in risky 009. Evaluator Differences in Behavioral Abnormality sexual behavior were found. Considerations and limitations of Conclusions and Paraphilia Diagnoses in Sexually Violent the study are discussed. Predator Cases Paige B. Harris, MA – Sam Houston State University; Marcus 006. A Comparison of Restorable and Unrestorable Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Kathryn Defendants Schrantz, MA – Sam Houston State University Kristen T. Campbell, BA – James Madison University; Beth Arredondo, PhD – Western State Hospital; Bernice We examined “behavioral abnormality” evaluation reports Marcopulos, PhD – James Madison University; Julie Ann from 693 sexually violent predator cases to examine whether Kent, BA – Western State Hospital there were differences in evaluators’ tendencies to diagnose paraphilias and conclude that offenders met criteria for The current study examined differences in demographic, commitment. Some evaluators were more likely to conclude criminal, neuropsychological, and psychiatric variables that offenders had a behavioral abnormality than others (range between defendants restorable and unrestorable to = 49.4% to 95.0%), and some were more likely to diagnose competency. Defendants found to be unrestorable were more paraphilia than others (range = 28.6% to 70.0%), but the likely to have a misdemeanor charge, a cognitive disorder, a association between paraphilia diagnoses and behavioral longer duration of illness, a lower IQ score, and a lower abnormality opinions varied substantially. Some evaluators Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological seemed to require a paraphilia diagnosis before concluding Status (RBANS) score. Defendants found to be restorable that the offender had a behavioral abnormality, while others tended to have a diagnosis of a mood disorder. With an did not. improved understanding of characteristics associated with unrestorability, clinicians can make more accurate predictions 010. Board Complaints and Forensic Services: An about the probability of a defendant being restored to Examination of 22 States competency. Paige B. Harris, MA – Sam Houston State University; Hayley J. Wechsler, MA – Sam Houston State Univeristy; Lisa Kan, 007. Stigma, Mental Illness, and Perception of Gun PhD – Sam Houston State University; Craig E. Henderson, Violence PhD – Sam Houston State University; Kathryn N. Schrantz, Dana L. Formon, MA – Sam Houston State University; Kelsey MA – Sam Houston State University; Claire N. Bryson, MA – Maloney, BS – Sam Houston State University Sam Houston State University

Both in research and the media, mental illness is more closely Scientific professional misconduct among researchers has being related with the criminal justice system and dangerous recently garnered a great deal of press; however, little behavior than ever before. Mentally ill offenders might be attention has been paid to questionable clinical practices perceived as being unduly dangerous or violent, receiving among psychologists providing forensic services. We harsher sentences and being ostracized within their examined publicly available state psychology disciplinary communities. Policy has made its way into the intersection of board actions. We found that forensic service violations were mental illness and justice by reacting to fears that mental related to foundational elements of quality practice (e.g., illness is a significant predictor of gun violence. This research bases for professional opinions) and that psychologists wished to study the relationships between known components infrequently suffered harsh sanctions (e.g., loss of licensure). of stigma attributed towards the mentally ill offender and how These violations and sanctions differed from those for consideration of gun violence factors in to stigma. psychologists providing non-forensic services. The high- stakes nature of forensic practice makes these violations for 008. An Exploratory Analysis of Suicidal Primacy and basic practice fundamentals particularly problematic. Perversions of Virtue in Cases of Intimate Partner and Mass Murder-suicides 011. Criminal Justice Implications of Differences in Carlye B. Conte, MS – Nova Southeastern University; Karen Listening and Reading Comprehension Abilities in Guszkowski, MS – Nova Southeastern University; Lenore Foreign-Born Adults Walker, EdD, ABPP – Nova Southeastern University Jennifer L. McLaughlin, MA – Sam Houston State University; Sherzine McKenzie, SSP – Sam Houston State University; Suicidal primacy and interpersonal motivation based on Lysia Tan, BA – Sam Houston State University; Lisa Kan, perversions of virtue are proposed to be defining PhD – Sam Houston State University; Jorge Varela, PhD – characteristics of murder-suicide (Joiner, 2014). The purpose Sam Houston State University; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – of this study is to explore the theoretical applicability of these Sam Houston State University assertions by exploring the role of suicidal primacy and perversions of virtue using a nationally representative sample With the increase of foreign-born adults in the U.S., for which of 72 cases of intimate partner murder-suicide (n=36) and many English is a second language, English fluency is an mass murder-suicide (n=36). Demographic variables and case important factor in their functioning in U.S. society. This characteristics will also be analyzed to determine both includes those who are involved in criminal justice commonalities among, and distinctions between, these two proceedings, in which technical terms and complex concepts forms of murder-suicide. are common but translators are in short supply. Foreign-born participants (N = 35) who were administered relevant subtests from the Woodcock Johnson-III Tests of Achievement

78 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION performed at the 8th grade level on verbal comprehension and performed below the established cut off for poor effort. The the 6th grade level on reading comprehension tasks. This use of the TOMM with individuals with ID is discussed. suggests foreign-born individuals may benefit from having information presented verbally. 015. An Examination of Personality Characteristics Among Forensic Psychologists 012. Utility of the Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition Elizabeth Foster, PhD – Widener University; Thomas Grisso, Abbreviated Intelligence Quotient in Individuals with PhD – University of Massachusetts Medical School; Suzanne Intellectual Disability: Forensic Implications Mannes, PhD – Widener University Mary E. Wood, MA – University of Alabama & Patton State Hospital; Karen Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama; The goal of this research was to examine personality Debra Chen, PhD – University of Alabama characteristic differences among forensic mental health professionals working primarily as therapists versus Forensic evaluators may be inclined to administer an evaluators, as well as investigate at what point in one’s career abbreviated measure to rule-out the possibility of deficits in that those personality preferences emerge. Graduate students intelligence in cases whereby IQ is only minimally related to and psychologists were recruited from various listservs (e.g. the referral question. The current study investigated the APLS, AAFP) and surveyed about personality characteristics relationship between abbreviated and full scale intelligence and the trajectory of their careers. Results from 137 estimates from a single administration of the SB5 in respondents revealed that differences between those individuals with intellectual disability. Estimates were professionals who prefer to work primarily doing therapy positively correlated and resulted in similar classifications in versus evaluations with forensic populations do exist, and all but two cases. However, the average difference between those characteristics may vary depending on where one is in the two scores exceeded the SEM and in one case exceeded his or her career. the standard deviation of the measure. The forensic implications of these findings and recommendations for future 016. Comparison of Pre-Trial Competency to Stand Trial research are discussed. Defendants’ Characteristics on Outcome of Feigning Measures: A Preliminary Study of Local Norms 013. The Unique Contribution of Intelligence Scores to Jennifer Steadham, PhD – Medical University of South Competency to Stand Trial in a Forensic Inpatient Setting Carolina; Sheresa Christopher; Emily Gottfried; Adam Mary E. Wood, MA – University of Alabama & Patton State Bloom Hospital; Jaime Anderson, MS – Patton State Hospital; Minhdan Ta, MS – Patton State Hospital; David Glassmire, The relevance of malingering in forensic evaluations is clear: PhD, ABPP – Patton State Hospital an estimated 15.7% result in a defendant being classified as malingering (Rogers et al., 1994). However, direct The current study extended previous research by examining comparisons of characteristics of competency defendants the unique contribution of intelligence scores above and suspected of malingering versus non-malingerers have been beyond psychotic symptoms in predicting scores on a sparse. A sample of competency to stand trial (CST) competence-specific instrument, the MacArthur Competence evaluations was reviewed and coded for examinee Assessment Tool – Criminal Adjudication (MacCAT-CA) in characteristics. This archival study aimed to identify a forensic inpatient sample. Results of a hierarchical differences between individuals classified as malingering vs. regression analysis revealed that FSIQ scores on the Wechsler not and compare CST and malingering opinions. Results from tests predicted an additional 48% of the variability of the current study can identify patterns of feigning commonly MacCAT-CA total scores after controlling for a history of encountered among CST defendants, offering evaluators psychotic symptoms (β = -2.42). In addition, the association benchmarks by which to compare future defendants. between FSIQ scores and length-of-stay will be investigated, and the implications of these findings will be discussed. 017. Forensic Examiner Bias: How Compensation and the Promise of Future Work Contribute to Adversarial 014. TOMM Performance of Adults with Mild and Allegiance in Criminal Responsibility Evaluations Moderate Intellectual Disability Jeffrey M. Washelesky Kathleen J. Hart, PhD – Xavier University; Julie Gentile, MD – Boonschaft School of Medicine Wright State University; In recent years a new phenomenon referred to as adversarial Leah Saulter, MA – Xavier University; Nicole Humphrey, BA allegiance has become increasingly prevalent in forensic – Xavier University; Courtney Mills, MA – Xavier University evaluations. Defined as the likelihood an evaluator will side with the legal party that retained them, adversarial allegiance Individuals with Intellectual Disability (ID) undergo runs many risks regarding the ethical and professional evaluations in contexts in which evaluators might suspect practice of forensic psychologists. Limited research has been inadequate effort. This is especially the case in evaluations for conducted regarding what contributes to adversarial disability support or involvement in legal processes. allegiance, but it has been discovered to be prevalent within However, most formal measures of effort provide no seemingly objective risk assessments. The focus of this normative data for individuals with ID. We administered the research aims to determine if adversarial allegiance is present TOMM to 76 adults with Mild or Moderate ID. Although the within criminal responsibility evaluations and, if present, how performance of 90% of adults with Mild ID exceeded the cut- compensation and the promise of future work contribute to its off for poor effort, 63% of the adults with Moderate ID presence.

79 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION 021. Jurors' Perceptions of Recovered Memories: Effects 018. The Role of Demographic, Psychiatric, Criminal, and of Memory Recovery Technique Psycholegal Factors on Opinions of Fitness to Stand Trial Elisa Krackow, PhD – West Virginia University; Alyssa Teodora Prpa – McMaster University; Heather Moulden, Longo – West Virginia University; Megan Owens – West PhD, CPsych – St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton; Daniel Virginia University; Kathleen Lloyd – West Virginia Ambrosini, LLB/BCL, MSc, PhD – St. Joseph's Healthcare University; Wenyi Du – West Virginia University; Pamela Hamilton; Liane Taylor, MSW – St. Joseph's Healthcare Swank, MS – West Virginia University; Benjamin Thomas, BS Hamilton; Gary Chaimowitz, MB, ChB, MBA, FRCP(C) – St. – West Virginia University Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton Although there is a significant amount of research examining This retrospective chart review investigates the role of mechanisms of false/recovered memories, little research to patient-level factors on opinions of fitness (competency) to date has examined jurors’ perceptions of recovered memories. stand trial in Canadian forensic mental health patients. Our The current study presented mock jurors with one of four hypothesis is that differences between psychiatric, criminal, scenarios of memories recovered in psychotherapy: ongoing and psycholegal variables distinguish those found fit to stand memory of child sexual abuse, recovered memory with no trial and those found unfit to stand trial, and predict group mention of therapeutic technique used to recover the memory, membership. By understanding what factors determine guided imagery, or dream interpretation. Participants someone’s fitness, we can improve the time spent for responded to questions regarding defendant guilt, plaintiff evaluation and restoration of fitness and better protect the credibility, and perceptions that external influences were used rights of forensic mental health patients. to create the memory. Results showed that credibility and guilt were reduced when the techniques of dream 019. Deconstructing the Simplification of Jury interpretation and guided imagery were used to create Instructions: How Simplifying the Features of Complexity memories. Affects Jurors’ Application of the Instructions Chantelle M. Baguley, Graduate Diploma of Legal Practice – 022. Perceptions of Alibi Believability and Victim Blame The School of Psychology, The University of Queensland; Mark D. Snow, Undergraduate Student – Grenfell Campus, Blake McKimmie, PhD – The School of Psychology, The Memorial University of Newfoundland; Kelly Warren, PhD – University of Queensland; Barbara Masser, PhD – The Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Perceptions of alibi believability, confidence in the ability to This study investigated how simplifying each feature of evaluate an alibi, and victim blame were assessed as a complexity in jury instructions affected mock jurors’ function of victim age, seriousness of a crime, and perceived application of the instructions. The results showed that social influence. Participants read one of four scenarios reducing the conceptual complexity and increasing the depicting a woman being mugged while walking in a park and salience of key principles increased mock jurors’ application answered a series of questions. Next, participants were of the instructions; however, reducing the linguistic presented with information suggesting that others who had complexity and the amount of information, and providing the completed the study either did or did not believe in the instruction in a written format did not. Reducing the amount suspect’s alibi before being asked additional questions. of information also inadvertently increased the punitiveness Results suggest participants show in-group age and gender of verdicts. Together, these results have important biases when evaluating alibi believability and victim blame. implications for developing a simplification technique that maximizes jurors’ comprehension and application of the 023. A Pilot Investigation of Using a Real Transcript for a instructions, while minimizing the negative effects of Capital Case simplification. Suzanne Mannes, PhD – Widener University; Elizabeth Foster; Shana Maier 020. Metaphor and Embodiment in the Courtroom Amy Kleynhans, BA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; This study investigated whether a set of materials from a real Brian Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska - murder trial, are adequate for investigating the effectiveness Lincoln of simplified instructions for reducing bias against an African American defendant. Students read a 20-page transcript and Body metaphor theories suggest that different forms of sentencing instructions. They made decisions about the embodiment imitate and trigger either emotions or rationality, defendant’s guilt and sentence and completed factual which can have consequences on decision making. Two questions. Eighty-three percent convicted the defendant of studies extended these findings to a legal context in order to murder and 75% sentenced the defendant to life in prison examine the effects of head versus heart self-location on rather than death. Quiz results confirm that the transcript was verdicts. Participants read two cases where the indication of engaging and students read it thoroughly. Despite its guilt conflicted with the indication of moral blameworthiness. complexity and length, these materials appear suitable for Study 1 used a self-report measure of self-location and Study investigation of instruction comprehension. 2 manipulated attention to the head versus heart. While data collection is still ongoing, preliminary results indicate no 024. Influence of Age of Perpetrator on Beliefs About difference between conditions. Targets’ Reactions to Stalking

80 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Karen L. L. Yanowitz, PhD – Arkansas State University; jurors may attribute more responsibility to older than younger Jennifer Yanowitz, PhD victims given their differences in maturity and coping skills. We manipulated the victim’s age (14 or 18 years old) This research explored the relationship between age and and the harm level (the victim suffered emotional distress that perceptions of stalking. Participants read scenarios describing led her to experience academic problems or to attempt a potential stalking situation and were asked to consider a 14- suicide). Analyses of mock jurors’ judgments supported our year-old perpetrator/target and a 20 year old prediction. perpetrator/target. Participants believed younger targets would feel less afraid and have more positive emotions to being 029. Increasing Confidence in Verdicts: The Effect of stalked than would older targets. Furthermore, participants Psychological Expert Testimony and Research-Based Jury were more likely to recommend that older perpetrators be Instructions on Cognitively Busy Jurors charged with a crime than younger ones. Karenna F. Malavanti, PhD – Carson-Newman University; Brittany Nesbitt – Baylor University; Courtney Kurinec, BA – 026. Is Less Really More? Examining the Effects of Baylor University; Charles Weaver, PhD – Baylor University Clarifying Memory Information on Juror Verdicts and Confidence Mock jurors read a summary of an armed robbery court case Brittany N. Nesbitt – Baylor University; Karenna Malavanti, with eyewitness testimony under conditions of cognitive load PhD – Carson-Newman University; Courtney Kurinec, BA – (memorizing a set of digits in Experiment 1 or information Baylor University; Charles Weaver, PhD – Baylor University overload in Experiments 2 and 3) before rendering a verdict and confidence. Jurors received expert psychological We used a mock-juror paradigm to study the effects of level testimony or research-based jury instructions before rendering of detail in jury instructions on verdict confidence in criminal a final verdict and confidence. Jurors under high load did not cases involving eyewitness testimony. Participants in two change verdict confidence at Time 2, indicating impaired separate samples read information about a court case before ability to process clarifying memory-related information. In rendering an initial verdict. Participants then receive one of Experiments 2 and 3, jurors who received a prosecution-laden five memory rebuttal documents before rendering a final summary were more confident in a not guilty verdict after verdict in the case. Students are more conviction-prone receiving juror instructions (but not expert testimony) when overall than the general population. Preliminary data analysis compared to controls. shows a trend toward a significant verdict by memory rebuttal interaction, which indicates an effect of the instructions or 030. Juror Reactions to Islamophobic Hate Crimes expert testimony on verdict confidence scores. Caroline Erentzen, PhD Candidate – York University; Regina Schuller, PhD – York University 027. The Influence of an Alleged Sexual Offender's Age on Potential Jurors as Measured by the Attitudes Toward 260 participants read a vignette describing an assault against Sex Offenders Survey either a White or a South Asian Muslim person, whose Shelby Marie Moreira, MA – California School of Forensic behaviour in response to an offensive comment was varied. Studies; Glenn Lipson, PhD – California School of Forensic Overall, victims who acted more aggressively attracted more Studies; Robert Leark, PhD – California School of Forensic blame ratings and less sympathy. Crimes targeting a Muslim Studies victim were rated as more typical of a hate crime, more offensive, and elicited lower victim blame Islamophobic This study examined the impact of offender age on attitudes participants were more likely to accept a self-defence claim of potential jurors in alleged sexual offenses. Results of this against a Muslim victim than a White victim. Those low in study demonstrated the sample of jury eligible participants social dominance rated crimes with a Muslim victim as more held significantly more positive attitudes toward an adult sex offensive and assigned lower victim blame, whereas those offender than a juvenile sex offender as measured by the high in social dominance were unaffected by victim race. Attitudes Toward Sex Offender Survey (p ≤ .05). The effect size was small (.048). These findings suggest juror attitudes 031. Juror Beliefs About Mental Illness and toward sex offenders may be impacted by the sex offender’s Responsibility: More Important Than Case Facts in age. This finding contributes to our understanding of the Insanity Defense Decisions? variables that play a role in shaping juror attitudes toward sex Kristyn L. Kamke, MS – North Carolina State University; offenders. Marianna Carlucci, PhD – Loyola University Maryland

028. Jurors’ Evaluations of a High School Bullying Case in This study explored the impact of defendant gender, Which the Victim Attempted Suicide defendant-victim relationship, and method of killing on jury Kerri Pickel, PhD – Ball State University; Rachel Gentry, decisions in insanity defense cases. Participants read a case PhD – Ball State University vignette and decided on a verdict of guilty, not guilty, or not guilty by reason of insanity. They also sentenced the Judgments in school bullying cases typically become more defendant to prison or a mental hospital. Analyses revealed pro-victim as the harm suffered by the victim responsibility of the defendant and the defendant’s mental increases. However, we hypothesized that the victim’s age illness were influential in verdict decisions. In terms of case would interact with harm level. Specifically, high harm may variables, victim type (child v. stranger) was influential in not produce the usual result when the victim is older because verdicts. These results indicate that individual beliefs about

81 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION criminal responsibility and mental illness affect decisions in Tabitha N. O'Neal – Arkansas State University; Christopher insanity cases. Peters, PhD – Arkansas State University; Michaela Maxwell – Arkansas State University; Kayla Miller – Arkansas State 032. The Effect of Linguistic Category on Juror Decision University Making Courtney Kurinec, BA – Baylor University; Ashleigh Tran, Sometimes evidence provided during a trial is deemed BA – University of Kansas; Karenna Malavanti, PhD – inadmissible and the judge admonishes the jury to disregard Carson-Newman University; Charles Weaver, PhD – Baylor it. Still, jurors have troubles ignoring the evidence and their University verdicts are affected. Research indicates that Crime Control vs. Due Process Orientation (CCDPO) predicts verdicts in We investigated eyewitness use of linguistic category on juror these cases. The current research investigated whether or not decision making. Mock jurors from a university or online CCDPO is able to be altered in the context of trials that sample read a summary of an ambiguous criminal case, to contain inadmissible evidence. In support of the hypothesis, include a concrete or abstract version of an eyewitness’s results revealed that crime control primed participants were testimony (Experiment 1) and juror instructions or an significantly more likely than due process primed participants unrelated document (Experiment 2). Jurors who received the to find the defendant guilty when inadmissible evidence was concrete testimony found the eyewitness more credible, and present. the effect was stronger for the online sample and those who did not receive juror instructions. These results suggest that 036. Exploring the Use of Systematic and Heuristic concrete testimony is perceived as more truthful; however, Processing in the Courtroom: The Effect of Evidence this effect is moderated by juror background and memory Modality on Jurors’ Decision-making Processes knowledge. Stuart Freedman, BA – Ryerson University; Tara Burke, PhD – Ryerson University 033. Too Cute? The Effect of Need for Affect on Courthouse Dog Usage The use of technology in the courtroom is increasingly Jordan Cox – Arkansas State University; Christopher Peters, commonplace. While prior research explores how technology PhD – Arkansas State University; Sky Johnson, BS – may influence jurors throughout the trial itself, there is little Arkansas State University research on how technology might influence deliberations. One hundred and seventy-two mock jurors watched a video of This research examined the relationship between Need for a trial; some were then given the opportunity to review any Affect (NFA) and juror decisions when a courthouse dog is aspect of the trial (via transcript, video, or both) before present. Participants heard an audio trial summary, in which a reaching a verdict. Those who reviewed a transcript were father was accused of sexually assaulting his daughter, more likely to find the defendant guilty compared to those followed by the child’s testimony, during which a photo of a who did not review the trial or used a video, suggesting child alone or holding one of three objects (dog, teddy bear, differences in how they process evidence. or creepy doll) was shown. Higher NFA resulted in higher guilt ratings when the dog was present compared to control. 037. Crime Control/Due Process Orientation: Instrument No other conditions indicated significance. Therefore, it may Construct Validation be beneficial to obscure the dog from view to avoid jury bias. Christopher S. Peters, PhD – Arkansas State University; Wayne Wilkinson, PhD – Arkansas State University 034. Authoritarianism as a Moderator for Jury Decisions Regarding Hate Crimes Against Homosexuals: A Crime Control vs. Due Process Orientation (CCDPO) refers Replication of Cramer et al. (2013) to an individual’s attitudes toward the competing goals of the Erica N. Bearden – Arkansas State University; Wayne criminal justice system: protecting society from criminals or Wilkinson, PhD – Arkansas State University; Christopher protecting the rights of the individual. The current research Peters, PhD – Arkansas State University; Alyssa Raggio, BA sought to validate a newly revised instrument by Peters and – Western Carolina University Wilkinson (2015) designed to measure CCDPO. Strong support was found for the construct validity of the instrument Cramer et al. (2013) explored the role of right-wing which consisted of 14 items assessing three subscales of authoritarianism (RWA) on people’s willingness to sentence CCDPO (Definite Violators, Suspected Violators, and perpetrators of violent crimes to death. Specifically, they had Procedural Due Process). The instrument also showed strong four crime conditions: heterosexual male victim non-hate predictive ability for several outcomes that would be crime, gay male victim non-hate crime, gay male victim hate theoretically relevant to CCDPO. crime, non-specified victim sexual orientation non-hate crime. This study found that participants were more likely to impose 038. How Many Witnesses Are Sufficient? the death sentence on a perpetrator of an antigay hate crime, Meagan Thomas – Arkansas State University; Chris Peters, however, this effect was moderated by participants’ scores on PhD – Arkansas State University RWA, thereby replicating most of the findings that had been previously discovered. The current research examines the influence number of witnesses and Crime Control versus Due Process Orientation 035. The Malleability of Crime Control vs. Due Process (CCDPO) will have on juror decisions. Participants received Orientation Within the Context of Inadmissible Evidence one of three different scenarios in which a defendant is on

82 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION trial and the number of witnesses to the crime varies; upon completion, participants indicated their likelihood of choosing 042. Applying “Psychosocial Maturity” to “Sophistication- guilty. Both the number of witnesses and CCDPO Maturity” in Juvenile Justice significantly predicted likelihood of voting; however, CCDPO Rebecca Newsham, BA – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, did not moderate the effect of the number of witnesses. This PhD – Drexel University implies that CCDPO has an effect on the participant’s likelihood of voting guilty independent of eyewitness Although behavioral science and law both recognize evidence. substantive differences between juvenile and adult offenders, it is unclear how scientific constructs involving juvenile 039. The Use of Witness Calibration as a Tool to Evaluate maturity (“psychosocial maturity”) overlap with legal Witness Credibility constructs (“sophistication-maturity”) as applied to legal Melissa Kavetski, MA – Florida International University; decisions involving disposition and transfer of Jacqueline Evans, PhD – Florida International University juveniles. Based on a review of the scientific and legal literatures, we identify steps that would be needed in order to The current study examined the effects of witnesses’ “I don’t apply research on psychosocial maturity to legal decision- know” responses and lighting quality at the time of the crime making involving sophistication-maturity. Specifically, on mock jurors’ ratings of witness credibility. Results indicate researchers should develop more valid measures of that witnesses who respond to a question with, “I don’t know” psychosocial maturity and investigate the relative influence of are rated as less credible than witnesses who do not respond factors that could contribute to juvenile court judges’ with, “I don’t know.” However, when there was poor lighting decisions on disposition and transfer. at the time of the crime, “I don’t know” responses had no impact on credibility ratings. This supports the prediction that 043. Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Probation jurors may use a witness’s calibration as a tool for assessing Violation Among Juvenile First-Time Offenders witness credibility. Emily E. Kan, BA – University of California, Irvine; Heather Elias – University of California, Irvine; Sachiko Donley, BA – 040. How Juror Gender and Confession Evidence Affect University of California, Irvine; Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD – Empathy and Trial Outcomes for Juvenile Defendants University of California, Irvine Jennifer Weintraub, MA – University at Albany, SUNY; Cynthia Najdowski, PhD – University at Albany, SUNY Using data collected from male, juvenile, first-time offenders, it was hypothesized that 1) participation in extracurricular Because many juvenile offenders may be tried by jurors in activities is associated with reduced risk of probation adult criminal court and extralegal factors contribute to jurors’ violations; and 2) that this effect would be augmented for decision-making processes, it is important to understand juvenile first-time offenders living in high-risk environments, factors that influence jurors’ judgments in juvenile cases. We specifically disordered neighborhoods. Offenders’ explored relations among juror gender, confession evidence, involvement in extracurricular activities, the social and empathy, and verdicts in a mock trial involving a 15-year-old physical disorder in their neighborhoods, and violations of the girl defendant. Unexpectedly, compared to men, women were terms of their probation were assessed. Support for both less empathic and less likely to acquit the girl defendant when hypotheses was found. Higher levels of extracurricular she had confessed voluntarily but not when she had activity involvement were associated with fewer probation maintained her innocence or confessed under coercion. violations and this association was more pronounced for Implications will be discussed. youth living in more disordered neighborhoods.

041. Unique and Combined Contributions of Callous- 044. Learning Disorders Among Legally Involved Youth: Unemotional Traits and Parental Incarceration on Descriptive Data, Comorbidities, and Clinical Correlates Juvenile Delinquency in an At-Risk Sample from a Community Based Clinical Sample Shari Reiter, MA – Washington State University; Lacey Nathan E. Cook, PhD – Massachusetts General Herrington, PhD – University of Southern Mississippi; Hospital/Harvard Medical School; Nathan Doty, PhD – Christopher Barry, PhD – Washington State University Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School; Alysa Doyle, PhD – Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard The present study examined the moderating role of parental Medical School; Ellen Braaten, PhD – Massachusetts incarceration in the association between callous-unemotional General Hospital/Harvard Medical School (CU) traits and juvenile delinquency in a sample of 136 adolescents in a residential setting. CU and parental Rates of learning disorders (LD) are higher among legally incarceration each predicted variance in delinquency. In involved youth compared to the general population and addition, parental incarceration was particularly associated criminal justice contact is quite prevalent among youth with with higher delinquency among adolescents with relatively LD. In a clinically-referred sample of 30 youth with a history low CU traits. Perceived social support was examined as a of legal involvement who underwent a comprehensive protective factor in post-hoc analyses. The results suggested neuropsychological evaluation, 30% (n=9) were diagnosed that social support does not mitigate the association between with LD. The most common LD was Mathematic Disorder. parental incarceration and delinquency in youth low in CU Further, these nine legally involved youth with LD were traits. Limitations and suggestions for future research are compared to a carefully matched clinical control group and discussed. did not differ on academic achievement testing or other

83 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION clinical comorbidities or correlates. Clinical and research implications will be discussed. 048. Is Sam Dangerous?: School and Juvenile Justice Personnel's Perceptions of Adolescents with Mental Illness 045. A Batterers Intervention Program for Juvenile Symptoms Offenders at Risk of Domestic Violence Perpetration in Amber L. Schramm, MA – University of Northern Iowa; Adulthood Helen Harton, PhD – University of Northern Iowa Kimberly A. Leon, Doctoral Student - Carlos Albizu University; Iliana Jimenez, Doctoral Student – Carlos Albizu Teachers, Juvenile Court School Liaisons (JCSLs), and University; Sara Revelin, Doctoral Student – Carlos Albizu Juvenile Court Officers (JCOs) read about a male student University exhibiting mental health symptoms of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), or Oppositional This program design is an early intervention for juvenile Defiant Disorder (ODD), or about a control “troubled child.” batterers charged with domestic violence-like crimes who They rated his risk for future violence and ranked have a history or exposure to violence in the home, in order to recommendations for treatment. Controlling for gender, prevent recidivism rates and domestic violence in adulthood teachers and JCSLs perceived the student as more dangerous in South Florida. Research reveals that children who witness than JCOs did. The student exhibiting symptoms of AUD was and are victims of violence in the home, may display perceived as more dangerous. JCOs recommended mental emotional and psychological problems, engage in dating health intervention most frequently, teachers recommended violence themselves, and grow to be domestic violence school-based interventions most frequently, and JCSLs perpetrators. This program will use a multifaceted approach recommended both types of intervention equally. that includes: group/family/individual therapy; school counselor contact; and resources for deterrence of future 049. Psychopathy, Heart Rate, Rhythmic Sinus battering. Arrhythmia, and Skin Conductance in Adolescent Offenders 046. Cognitive Functioning as a Predictor of Offense Type Lindsey Hessler – University of Alabama; Randall Salekin, in Female Juvenile Offenders PhD – University of Alabama; Hayden Thomas – University Adrian Kunemund, MS – University of Georgia; Brittany of Alabama; Alia Aglan – University of Alabama; Emily Field, MA – University of Georgia; Benjamin Edner, MS – MacDougall, MA – University of Alabama University of Georgia; Georgia Calhoun, PhD – University of Georgia Current research continues to focus on neurobiological foundations of behavioral and emotional problems, attracting Juvenile delinquency is a significant problem within the significant attention to psychopathy. Using a sample of United States. Since 1985, crimes among girls have increased adolescent offenders, this study explored the relationship by 86% compared to only a 17% increase among males between scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Youth Version (Puzzanchera, Adams, & Hockenberry, 2012). Previous (PCL: YV; Forth, Kosson, & Hare, 2003) and baseline levels research has found that individuals with lower intelligence of heart rate (HR), Rhythmic Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) and levels are more likely to commit offenses (Beaver et al, 2013; skin conductance (SC). Results revealed that although there Manninen et al., 2013). We examined if verbal and nonverbal was an association between SC and the Interpersonal facet, scores on the Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scales (RIAS) the significant relationship was lost when controlling for could predict offense type. Results of a logistic regression aggression. No other significant associations were found. The found nonverbal and verbal ability was predictive of Offenses implications of these results are discussed. Against Public Order in female juvenile offenders. 050. “Eye for an Eye” or “Turn the Other Cheek?” 047. Investigating the Associations Between Childhood Exploring the Association Between Death Penalty Support Experience and Adult Antisocial Behavior and Revenge, Forgiveness, and Religious Fundamentalism Emily Vanderbleek, BA – University of Notre Dame; Abigail William Whited, MA – The University of Southern Downey – University of Notre Dame; Lee Anna Clark, PhD – Mississippi; Jon Mandracchia, PhD – Missouri Western State University of Notre Dame University

Identifying the precedents of adult antisocial behavior is an Prior research examining the empirical relationship between important research topic, and further understanding the religious fundamentalism and death penalty support has been developmental course of adult antisocial behavior has inconsistent, an issue that may be due to the complexity of important implications for intervention and prevention efforts. both constructs. The current study found that revenge, Childhood antisocial behavior and childhood maltreatment are forgiveness, and religious fundamentalism all statistically both associated with adult antisocial behavior; the association predicted level of support for the death penalty in both a between childhood maltreatment and future antisocial nationwide American adult sample and a student sample; behavior may be affected by the characteristics of the child as however, neither forgiveness nor revenge served as well as the type of maltreatment. We found that both moderators in the religious fundamentalism-death penalty childhood conduct disorder and childhood maltreatment were support relationship. The research and policy implications of associated with legal offending; this finding differed slightly conceptualizing death penalty attitudes as a multifaceted depending on both type of maltreatment and type of legal construct that is associated with multiple variables are offense. discussed.

84 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Krystia Reed, JD, MA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; 051. After the Exoneration: The Effects of a Wrongful Kimberly Dellapaolera – University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Conviction on Career Prospects Sarah Thimsen, PhD – South Dakota State University; Brian Eric Jones, PhD – Calvin College; Bretton Hoekwater – Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska - Lincoln Calvin College An examination of publication patterns in scholarly journals is Research has insufficiently examined the challenges that one way of gauging what is going on in a particular field. The exonerees face once they leave prison. In this study, 172 present study examined three leading law-psychology journals employed people evaluated a fictitious job applicant with no (Psychology, Crime & Law; Psychology, Public Policy & criminal record, an actual criminal record, or a wrongful Law; Legal & Criminological Psychology) to determine the conviction. Results were mixed. Sometimes the wrongfully- substantive topics and types of articles that they publish, as convicted applicant was perceived similarly to an applicant well as author characteristics. The most common research with no prior conviction. Other times, the wrongfully- area is risk assessment, followed by eyewitness research and convicted applicant was perceived similarly to an applicant jury decision making. Men are more likely to be first authors, with an actual conviction. Additional concerns about the but women are more likely to be second authors. There are wrongfully-convicted applicant appeared in participants’ also differences across journals. written impressions of the applicant. Overall, these results support anecdotal evidence that exonerees may face biases 055. The Joy of Legal Pain: Schadenfreude in the when applying for jobs. Courtroom Adele Mantiply – The University of Alabama; Michelle Jones, 052. Holding on to Guilt: The Influence of Persevering MA, JD – The University of Alabama; Stanley Brodsky, PhD Guilt Beliefs on People's Willingness to Support – The University of Alabama Reintegration Services for Exonerees Christopher J. Normile, MA – Central Michigan University; Although much research has been conducted on Kyle Scherr, PhD – Central Michigan University; Maria schadenfreude in general, little has been written about how it Sarmiento-Zamudio – Central Michigan University may manifest in a courtroom setting. The authors suggest that many players in court—judges, lawyers, and litigants— People are generally unwilling to support reintegration efforts experience schadenfreude when they win and the other side to help exonerees wrongfully convicted of a crime. However, loses. This can have ill effects on the individual targets of little is known about underlying reasons motivating people’s schadenfreude, and result in systemic harms. Accordingly, the unwillingness to support reintegration. This research authors propose additional research is needed to determine examined the influence of being wrongfully convicted of a how schadenfreude manifests in the courtroom, whether race stereotypic-consistent crime on people’s persevering certain legal actors are affected more by schadenfreude, and beliefs about exonerees’ guilt and their willingness to support whether certain types of proceedings are more likely to elicit reintegration programs. Results indicated that, in some schadenfreude. instances, when exonerees are wrongfully convicted of a race stereotypic-consistent crime it can lead to preserving beliefs 056. Firearms Law as It Relates to Suicidal Patients: of their guilt which then motivates people’s subsequent Developing a National Standard of Care for Lethal Means unwillingness to support reintegration services. Implications Restriction, a Preliminary Investigation for research and policy decisions are discussed. Dana N. Lockwood, JD – Palo Alto University

053. Computer-Generated Child Pornography: An An interesting duality exists between applicable standards of Examination of Public Perceptions care and, in regards to firearms, the Second Amendment of Beth Kliethermes, BS – University of North Dakota; Kelsey the U.S. Constitution. The federal government has imposed Plese – University of North Dakota; April Bradley, PhD – restrictions on who is allowed to possess a firearm, but little University of North Dakota research exits regarding the perspective of mental health professionals and the consequences of current practice when The current study examined public perceptions of computer- presented with a patient who is suicidal and owns a firearm. generated child pornography and its association with This preliminary investigation explores the firearm laws of pornographic material acceptance, usage, and sexual interests. the five states with the highest rates of suicide (Wyoming, This is a hugely understudied area, and, therefore, the study Montana, Alaska, New Mexico, and Colorado) as they relate was primarily exploratory. Participants included a national to suicidal patients. community sample recruited using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Results indicated that participants had significantly 057. The Effects of Education on Miranda Rights lower support for illegality of computer-generated child Comprehension in Juveniles pornography when compared to child pornography; however, Tiffany D. Clomax, BA – The Chicago School of Professional support for illegality of computer-generated images was still Psychology; Wendy Blank, PsyD – The Chicago School of high. Implications for public policy and clinical practice are Professional Psychology discussed. This study assessed a juvenile’s basic capacity to comprehend 054. An Empirical Analysis of Law-Psychology Journals: their Miranda rights before and after education. Data was Who’s Publishing and on What? collected using the Comprehension of Miranda Rights-

85 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Recognition-II (CMR-R-II) scale, one of four subtests on the marijuana laws, this study explored how laypeople assess Miranda Rights Comprehension Instrument (MRCI). negligence and foreseeability in a marijuana-related Participants were given a pre-test and post-test to assess their automobile accident. Participants read a vignette describing understanding of the Miranda warning. A paired samples t- events leading to a marijuana-related accident and assigned test determined that students as a whole scored higher on the fault across several causal actors. Results showed that posttest (M = 12.73, SD = 2.443) than the pretest (M = 11.77, laypeople attributed more fault to the driver than to actors SD = 2.361), t(43) = 3.029, p = .004). Overall, participants further removed from the accident, but they also deemed the showed an increased understanding of the Miranda warning seller negligent, consistent with the proximate cause after being educated on the various prongs. requirement of tort law.

058. Emotional Response to Terrorism and Perceived 061. Perceptions of and Punitiveness Toward Police Criminal Responsibility: Does Method of Recruitment Officers Who Commit Crimes Matter? Manuel Sanchez, MS – Arizona State University; Jessica Jessica Mueller, MA – California School of Forensic Studies; Salerno, PhD – Arizona State Univeristy Glenn Lipson, PhD – Alliant International University; Robert Leark, PhD – Alliant International University People are more punitive toward transgressors who have a duty to protect (e.g., police officers) compared to civilians There is little empirical research examining the differences who commit the same transgression. We tested whether this between Internet recruitment and face-to-face recruitment for effect would be stronger (a) for an on-duty officer (vs. off- terrorist organizations. Terrorism recruitment proves to be an duty, civilian) who commits a violent crime, (b) with a Black issue in criminal courts. There is little research investigating (vs. White) victim, and (c) after highly publicized incidents of the relationship between emotional response to terrorism and police use-of-force (Pre- vs. Post-Ferguson). In a mock jury criminal responsibility. This study explores differences paradigm, the protective role of the perpetrator and victim between perceived criminal responsibility of individuals who race did not affect punishment judgments. Participants did, were recruited through social media and individuals who were however, punish defendants less and identified with police recruited at a community center. This study also explored more after the Ferguson Grand Jury decision. whether emotional response to terrorism impacted percentages of criminal responsibility. The Terrorism 062. The Effects of Computer Animation on Legal Emotional Arousal Measure is a new measure created to Decision-Making obtain information about one’s emotional response to Alisha C. Salerno, BA – York University; Tara Burke, PhD – terrorism. Ryerson University

059. How Laypeople and Rehabilitation Psychologists While computer animations are becoming increasingly Assess Hedonic Loss popular in courtrooms as a form of demonstrative evidence, Kristin A. Sturm, MA – University of Colorado Anschutz their effect on legal decision-making is unclear. Under the Medical Campus; Andrew Evelo, MA – John Jay College and pretext of an investigation regarding a police officer’s use of the Graduate Center, CUNY; Edie Greene, PhD – University lethal force, participants were randomly assigned to review of Colorado Colorado Springs case evidence in the form of a transcript, a PowerPoint presentation or a high-tech computer animation; half of the In tort lawsuits, plaintiffs seek damages for lost enjoyment of participants were kept cognitively busy. Participants in the life (hedonic loss) which occurred subsequent to injury. We animation condition were more likely to believe the officer examined judgments of hedonic loss by rehabilitation was justified in using lethal force, recalled more central psychologists who assess disability and laypeople who, as details, but less peripheral details. The results suggest that jurors, award hedonic damages. Hedonic loss is domain- computer animations may impact legal decision-making and specific: counterintuitively, many physical impairments (e.g., hamper recall of certain types of information. amputations) inflict less hedonic loss than many persistent yet invisible ailments (e.g., chronic pain). Using vignette 063. Behaving Badly: The Relationship Between the methodology, we determined that neither laypeople nor Triarchic Model Psychopathy and Deviant Behavior rehabilitation psychologists were aware of this fact. Observers C. Adam Coffey, MS – University of Alabama; Jennifer Cox, may forecast a future for people with physical injuries as PhD – University of Alabama; Megan Kopkin grimmer, and a future for people with chronic pain as rosier, than is likely. The relationships between the triarchic model of psychopathy (Boldness, Meanness, Disinhibition) and seven forms of 060. Judging Liability for Buzzed Driving Incidents deviant behavior (drug use, alcohol use, theft, vandalism, Sarah Greene, BA – University of Colorado at Colorado school misconduct, assault, and general deviance) were Springs; Edie Greene, PhD – University of Colorado at investigated in a nationally representative sample. Triarchic Colorado Springs scale scores were derived from participants’ PPI-R data following the recommendations of Hall and colleagues For plaintiffs to receive compensation under tort law, (2014). Overall, Disinhibition significantly predicted each defendants’ negligence must be a proximate cause of harm form of normative deviance. Boldness predicted drug and and defendants must have been able to foresee injurious alcohol use and general deviance, while Meanness predicted consequences. In light of the recent liberalization of school misconduct. Further, Boldness and Disinhibition

86 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION predicted overall lifetime engagement in deviant behavior. Implications are discussed, including support of the role of 067. Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Maltreated boldness in psychopathy. Children and the Role of the MAOA Gene Elizabeth Dotson, BA – Eastern Washington University; 064. Assessing Self-Report Measures of Psychopathy: An Kandise Holcomb – Eastern Washington University Item Response Theory Analysis Siny Tsang, PhD – Columbia University; Randall Salekin, Prior research has established that childhood maltreatment PhD – University of Alabama; C. Adam Coffey, MS – and a variant of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene on University of Alabama the X chromosome are associated with aggression in adolescent and young men (Caspi et al, 2002). Neither This study examined the item properties of the Personality childhood maltreatment on its own, nor the presence of the Assessment Inventory-Antisocial subscale (PAI-ANT) and implicated MAOA gene variant by itself, predicted the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP) among aggression. Rather, predictions required the presence of both a large sample of college undergraduates (N = 1,257). For the factors. The present research seeks to extendthe prior finding PAI-ANT, the stimulus seeking subscale was more by determining whether the observed interaction of discriminating than the antisocial behavior and egocentricity environment and genetic factors discriminates between two subscales. In the LSRP, the primary psychopathy subscale types of aggression related to psychopathy- proactive and was much more discriminating than the secondary reactive. psychopathy subscale. Our results showed some items are not assessing the latent trait well among this undergraduate 068. Preventing Military Workplace Violence: The Impact sample. These findings highlight concerns that the construct of Attitudes and Awareness of Violence Prevention of psychopathy may not be well-assessed by these self-report Resources on Reporting Threatening Behavior items in non-institutionalized populations. Elizabeth C. Low, BA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; Christina Hein, BA – University of Nebraska - Lincoln; Mario 065. A Bifactor Model of Meanness, Coldheartedness, Scalora, PhD – University of Nebraska - Lincoln, University Callousness, and Sadism of Nebraska Public Policy Center; Denise Bulling, PhD – Ashley Mutek, BA – Washington State University; David University of Nebraska Public Policy Center; Mark DeKraai, Marcus, PhD – Washington State University; G. Leonard JD, PhD – University of Nebraska Public Policy Center Burns, PhD – Washington State University Violence prevention efforts rely on reports of threatening Meanness, coldheartedness, callousness, unemotionality, behaviors that may warn of future violence. Unfortunately, uncaring, and sadism are related and perhaps overlapping indicators of violence frequently go unreported. This study traits. Members of a community sample completed eight examines how uniformed and civilian employees of the scales that assess these traits. A confirmatory factor analyses military understand the violence prevention resources found that a bifactor model fit the data better than a one- or available to them, and how these perceptions influence how two-factor model. This model produced a general callous- they report threats. Results suggest that respondents’ reporting sadistic factor, on which all eight scales loaded, and a specific behavior is impacted by the interaction of their awareness of, sadism factor, on which the three sadism scales loaded. trust in, and willingness to use the resources available to Although these psychopathic traits and sadism share them, as well their perception of the level of concern over commonality accounted for by the general factor, sadism is violence among their peers and supervisors. further characterized by unique features accounted for by the specific factor. 069. Does Neuropsychological Dysfunction Predict Antisocial Behavior? Implications for Practitioners and 066. Intelligence and Premeditated Aggression in Researchers Psychopaths Casey LaDuke, MS – Drexel University; David DeMatteo, Elizabeth Witt, BA – Eastern Washington University; Kayleen JD, PhD – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, PhD – Drexel Islam-Zwart, PhD – Eastern Washington University University; Jennifer Gallo; Thomas Swirsky-Sacchetti; Ralph Fretz, PhD – Community Education Centers Intelligence and aggression have separately been shown to be related to psychopathy (Porter & Woodworth, Neuropsychology may enhance the predictive accuracy of 2006); however, research has not looked at the relationship violence risk assessment, and therefore its validity in clinical between impulsive and premediated aggression and and legal decision making. This study investigated whether intelligence in male and female college students high on measures of executive functioning could predict antisocial psychopathic traits. This study hypothesizes that individuals behavior in an incarcerated sample. Most of the measures did high in Factor 1 will also be high in premeditated aggression, not predict program failure due to major program violation, and low in impulsive aggression and general intelligence. nor violence risk scores. Individual measures of impulsivity This study also hypothesizes that females will score higher on and cognitive flexibility predicted program failure, but only to Factor 1 and males on Factor 2. In this study participants from a small degree. These results are surprising given extant a university in the Pacific Northwest complete a packet of theoretical and empirical support. Current results are questionnaires including the Levenson Self-Report discussed, and recommendations are provided for future Psychopathy Scale (SRPS; Levenson, Kiehl, & Fitzpatrick, investigations of the relationship between neuropsychological 1995). functioning and antisocial behavior.

87 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION 073. Changes in Risk and Protective Factors Associated 070. The Predictive Factors of Violence Risk in Juvenile with Recidivism Among Adults with Mental Illness Offenders Elizabeth Burris – North Carolina State Universtiy; Candalyn Hui Zhao, MA – China University of Political Science and Rade, MS – North Carolina State Universtiy; Sarah Law; Yuqin Xiao, MA – China University of Political Science Desmarais, PhD – North Carolina State Universtiy; Evan and Law; Ling Jiang, BA – China University of Political Lowder, MS – North Carolina State Universtiy; John Petrila, Science and Law; Bo Yang, PhD – China University of JD, LLM – University of South Florida; Richard Van Dorn, Political Science and Law; Zhuo Zhang, PhD – China PhD – RTI International University of Political Science and Law Adults with mental illnesses are frequent flyers in the criminal The aim is to explore predictive factors that are associated justice system. Theory and research suggest that changes in with violence risk of juvenile offenders. 177 male violent dynamic risk and protective factors may be associated with offenders were recruited from a juvenile prison. Violence risk, risk of recidivism in this population. This study evaluated callous-unemotional trait (CU), parenting style, attachment to whether the presence and direction of change in risk and parents and peers, levels of aggression and impulsivity were protective factors was associated with recidivism among 554 measured by interviews and questionnaires. The results mental health jail diversion clients, using data drawn from showed that violence risk was positively related to CU, administrative records. Results showed reliable changes in aggression and impulsivity, and negatively related to father’s risk and protective factors are associated with recidivism at emotional warmth and attachment to father. Regression one-year follow-up. Findings provide direction for analysis indicated that CU, aggression and father’s emotional interventions designed to reduce recidivism risk, by reducing warmth could predict violence risk. The findings elucidate the risk factors and increase protective factors. importance of father’s parenting style to violence risk. 074. Predator and Prey: Keeping Staff from Becoming the 071. Forensic Evaluators’ Perceptions of Interpersonal- Lion or the Deer. Boundary Violations in Correctional Affective Psychopathic Traits Predict Risk Judgments Settings Brett O. Gardner, MA – Sam Houston State University; Marsha Evans, MS – Carlos Albizu University; Jessica Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Bryant, MS – Carlos Albizu University; Karen Feuerman, Daniel Murrie, PhD – University of Virginia PhD – Carlos Albizu University

The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) is routinely Compromised staff in correctional environments, although used in risk assessment. Emerging research indicates Factor 2 more recently publicized, has been an ongoing threat to safety (Lifestyle/Antisocial Behavior) scores are more reliable and and security of correctional systems, as well as the predictive than Factor 1 (Interpersonal/Affective) scores in community at large. This presentation will address and assessing recidivism risk. Nevertheless, interpersonal- identify common boundary violations in correctional settings. affective offender traits are a primary determinant of Inmate manipulation tactics will be addressed along with a sentencing decisions in mock jury studies. We examined the discussion of risk factors that contribute to increased PCL-R and Static-99R scores evaluators (N = 99) assigned to vulnerability in staff. Lastly, this presentation will cover the four sexual offenders, and the association between these importance of adequate training of staff and future directions scores and evaluators’ ratings of the offenders’ risk (i.e., in research in this area. likelihood of reoffense). Findings suggest that evaluators’ risk ratings were associated with Factor 1 scores, but not Factor 2 075. M.E.R.G. Workshop Series scores. Ashley S. Jenkins, MS, LMHC – Bureau of Prisons; LaWanda Hill, MS – Bureau of Prisons; Adu Boateng, PhD – Bureau of 072. The Role of Violence Risk Communication in the Prisons Conditional Release of Insanity Acquitees David G. Medved, MA – The University of Toledo; Wesley Re-entry efforts for inmates have primarily focused on Bullock, PhD – The University of Toledo substance use, vocational and residential readiness upon release. However, inmates will face a number of The way that case information is provided to legal decision- psychological challenges as well. To that end, the authors makers can have a dramatic effect on subsequent decisions. propose a five session workshop series geared towards Most research in this area has examined the influence of addressing mental and emotional gaps of reentry (MERG) as unstructured clinical judgment versus actuarial risk perceived by inmates. MERG is a psycho-educational assessment on juror decision-making in death penalty cases, workshop series that will foster self-awareness as it relates to but to date, no research has focused on the comparison of the inmates’ psychological preparedness for release. The these in the context of conditional release planning for overall goal of the workshop series is for inmates to create a insanity acquitees. The purpose of this study is to investigate reentry plan that addresses their individualized mental and the effect the presentation style of risk assessment information emotional gaps before their upcoming release. and participant attitudes regarding mental illness and the insanity defense on hypothetical decision-making regarding the conditional release of insanity acquitees.

88 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION 076. The Factor Structure of the Interpersonal Needs Meredith Allison, PhD – Elon University; Erin Martin – Elon Questionnaire in an Incarcerated Male Adult Offender University; Sandy Jung, PhD – MacEwan University Sample Ashley Sylvara – Missouri Western State University; Jessie Sex offender registries are publicly available in the U.S. but Thorup – Missouri Western State University; Jon not in Canada. Do Canadians and Americans view the Mandracchia, PhD – Missouri Western State University; Rose registries in similar ways? Undergraduates in both countries Gonzalez, PhD – Michael E. DeBakey VAMC Cancer Center (N = 207) completed an online survey about their views of the registries and completed personality scales. Evaluations of The Interpersonal-Psychological (IP) Theory offers a Canadians and Americans tended to commensurate with their comprehensive explanation for suicide, but its applicability to respective countries’ policies. Canadians were less supportive the at-risk population of incarcerated offenders has only of publicly accessible registries than Americans. Further, recently been evaluated (Mandracchia & Smith, 2015). attitudes toward the world and sex offenders predicted views Despite initial findings in support of the IP Theory with of sex offender registries. These findings provide some inmates, the appropriateness of the primary measure based on insight into students’ perceptions of the registries; future this theory, the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), has research will focus on community members. not previously been investigated with offenders. In the current study, confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated the 080. First Sexual Experience and Sexual Aggression: An previously supported 15-item version of INQ fit poorly with Expansion of the Confluence Model data from incarcerated adult male offenders. Instead, a 12- Carla G. Munoz, MA – Sam Houston State Universtiy; Craig item version of the INQ appears more appropriate for this Henderson, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Jorge population. Varela, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Brittany Bate, MA – Sam Houston State University 077. Engagement and Treatment Completion in a Correctional Sample The Confluence Model proposes that the conjunction of high Stephanie Van Horn, BA – Texas Tech University; Robert hostile masculinity (HM) and impersonal sexual orientation Morgan, PhD – Texas Tech University; Taylor Ramler, BA – (ISO) increases the likelihood of sexual aggression against Texas Tech University women (SA). The current study examines the validity of the confluence model and how the addition of deviant first sexual Changing Lives and Changing Outcomes: A Therapeutic experience (DFSE) enhances the predictive value of the Program for Justice-Involved Persons with Mental Illness Confluence Model in 330 male college students. Our was developed specifically to address the co-occurring mental preliminary findings based on a smaller sample found no health and correctional rehabilitation needs of justice- significant results. Current results, based on a larger sample involved individuals with severe and persistent mental illness. and reformulation of construct measurement, support the The present evaluation aims to examine the relationship validity of the Confluence Model and reveal DFSE has a between treatment engagement (defined as session attendance significant indirect effect on SA through HM and ISO. and homework completion) to successful program completion in a sample of male and female adult felony offenders placed 081. Interrogation Expectations: Short-Form Assessment in a residential facility with co-occurring mental illness and Rukiya King, MA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; criminal risk. Christina Massey; Matthew Johnson, PhD

078. Ethical Dilemmas Reported by Correctional Despite considerable research focused on comprehension of Psychologists Miranda rights, psychologists have just begun to study Jennifer Schriver, PhD – Indiana State University; Melanie interrogation expectations. This study tested a short-form of Mivshek – Indiana State University; Anthony Lawrence – the Interrogation Expectations (IE) vignettes, along with Indiana State University demographic variables and two cognitive measures, to assess expectations of police compliance with Miranda among an Although a fair amount has been written about ethics in adult sample. The results found substantial variation in IE that professional psychology, little research to date has examined was not an artifact of the cognitive variables. Interrogation the ethical challenges faced by psychologists working in expectations were not associated with self-identified correctional settings. In this study, 736 correctional race/ethnicity among the sample. The findings support the psychologists responded to a survey about the ethical notion that some criminal suspects are fully aware of the problems they experience in their professional work. The Miranda rights but doubt police will honor the rights if most commonly cited ethical concerns involved issues related exercised. to confidentiality, a lack of treatment or a conflict between security and treatment needs, dual roles, and the conduct of 082. Does Gender Influence the Killing Process? A colleagues. Implications of this research for the education and Comparative Analysis of Male and Female Serial Killers training of psychologists working in prison and jail settings is James F. Iaccino, PhD – The Chicago School of Professional discussed. Psychology

079. Student Perceptions of Sex Offender Registries: A There has not been a good deal of research on how female Cross-Cultural Comparison serial killers differ from their male counterparts. Most of the literature to date has been conducted with male serial killers,

89 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION with typologies and categorizations being derived from this Taeko Wachi, PhD – National Research Institute of Police gender [see Holmes & Holmes’ (2010) model]. An Science, Japan examination of female serial killers is, therefore, in order to obtain a much needed profile of this group’s salient This study aimed to examine how the public perceived the characteristics. The Radford University/Florida Gulf Coast psychologically recommended interviewing style. Sixty-five University (RU/FGCU) Serial Killer Database was selected as undergraduate students were provided a fictional arson case the major resource to perform this comparative analysis of and two different interviews: the “good” interview (where the serial killers by gender. interviewer employed mostly open questions), and the “bad” interview (where the interviewer frequently used closed and 083. Why Is Confession Evidence so Powerful?: The Role leading questions). The results showed that the participants of Belief Perseverance believed that the “good” interview was fairer, and the Curt More, BA – Iowa State University; Stephanie Madon, suspect’s confession elicited from the “good” interview was PhD – Iowa State University; Max Guyll, PhD – Iowa State judged to be more voluntary, truthful, and credible. Further, University; Dominick Atkinson, MS – Iowa State University participants were more likely to give a guilty verdict when the “good” interview was presented. This work was supported by High-profile proven false confession cases provide anecdotal JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 15K17317. evidence that a confession can interfere with the integration and interpretation of subsequently acquired exculpatory 087. Characteristics of Malingered PTSD With and evidence. This poster draws on well-established cognitive Without Memory Recovery biases to generate a theoretical account of this phenomenon Meline Arzoumanian, PhD – Colorado Mental Health with the intent of generating new hypotheses, encouraging Institute at Pueblo future empirical research, and advancing understanding of the underlying processes driving the phenomenon. We also One-hundred and one individuals participated in the current present an experimental paradigm that our lab is currently study. All participants completed an online survey using to test these processes, the results of which will be (demographic questionnaire, PTSD Checklist, and a trauma included in the final poster as an initial test of the proposed screen). These measures were used to categorize individuals theoretical ideas. into three groups: Symptomatic PTSD Control Group, Continuous Memory Malingering Group, and Recovered 084. Mirror, Mirror on the Wall: Does a Mirror Help or Memory Malingering Group. Once assigned, participants Hinder Liars? completed the BDI-II, TSI-2-A, DES-R, TOMM, and a Jacqueline R. Evans, PhD – Florida International University; trauma interview. These measures were used to compute a Katherine Kendrick, MA – Florida International University malingering outcome score consisting of eight criteria. Results showed that the Control Group was It has been suggested that a way to improve lie-detection significantly different from both Malingering Groups on the accuracy is to increase behavioral differences between liars malingering outcome score. Using a cutoff of three, the study and truth-tellers (Vrij et al., 2008). The current study tests a obtained a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 68.9%. potential implementation of this suggestion. Specifically, participants lied and told the truth about a previous day’s 088. Eyes on the Disguise: How Does Changing the Type events with or without a mirror in front of them. The presence of Eyeglasses Influence Face Recognition? of a mirror was expected to enhance the ability to discriminate Laura Melnyk Gribble, PhD – King’s University College at between liars and truth-tellers by imposing additional the University of Western Ontario; Claire Wilson, BA – cognitive load on liars. In the mirror present group University of Western Ontario discrimination accuracy was marginally higher, and there was a significantly smaller truth bias. A very limited literature examines the influence of disguises on lineup performance. In the present study, we examined 085. Arousal and Lie Detection: Effects and Implications how switching different types of glasses influenced for Practice recognition accuracy. Participants viewed a series of Brett Shather – Murray State University; Jana Hackathorn, photographs of men's faces; some men wore full-frame PhD – Murray State University; Michelle Sherman, Graduate glasses, semi-rimless glasses, or sunglasses. Later, Student – Murray State University; Jordan Daniels, Graduate participants completed an old-new identification task; some of Student – Murray State University the faces were unaltered, but other faces were altered by wearing a different type of glasses. Faces that were unaltered This study examines the effects of arousal on the ability of were better recognized than faces that were altered. Changing individuals to detect deception. Through a between-groups the type of glasses only resulted in significantly decreased design, the current study examines whether violent or sexual recognition accuracy when the switch was from full-frame to cues facilitate or bias the ability of observers to detect semi-rimless glasses, or from semi-rimless to full-frame deception. Implications for practice are discussed with glasses. particular emphasis given to the implications for the investigation of sexual assault cases. 089. Perceptions of Recovered Memory Therapy: Suggestiveness, Memory Veracity, and Therapist 086. University Students’ Opinions Towards Interviewing Culpability Styles and the Guilty Verdict

90 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Sarah Johnson, BA – University of North Carolina 092. It's About Time: The Influence of Time to Encode a Wilmington; Rachael Shoemake – UNC Wilmington; Jennifer Perpetrator Versus a Weapon on the Confidence- Myers, MA – UNC Wilmington; Olivia Federici – UNC Accuracy Relationship Wilmington; Katelin Matthews – UNC Wilmington; Abigail Dave Young – Texas A&M University – Commerce; Curt Moore – UNC Wilmington; Daysja Phillips – UNC Carlson, PhD – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Dawn Wilmington; Kelsey Prichard – UNC Wilmington; Kylah Weatherford, PhD – Arkansas State University; Maria Thorpe – UNC Wilmington; Bryan Myers, PhD – UNC Carlson, PhD – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Jane Wilmington Bednarz, MS – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Jessica Mayberry – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Alex Participants watched a series of psychotherapy sessions Wooten, MS – Texas A&M University - Commerce involving Recovered Memory Therapy (RMT), in which the client uncovers an early memory of Childhood Sexual Abuse A culprit’s weapon can draw eyewitness attention, which can (CSA). The suggestiveness of the therapist harm memory for various aspects of the crime, a phenomenon (control/suggestion/guided imagery/hypnosis) was varied, known as the weapon focus effect (WFE). We conducted an along with whether participants were warned that the memory experiment to investigate the impact of weapon presence on turned out to be false (not warned/warned). Participants rated the confidence-accuracy relationship, and also to assess a the therapist in the suggestive conditions as more suggestive, potential interaction with perpetrator exposure time. but the groups failed to differ in memory veracity and Eyewitnesses could habituate to a weapon’s presence, thereby therapist competence ratings. The warning did not influence increasing the likelihood of attending to the perpetrator’s face. suggestiveness ratings, however, it led to significantly higher We also investigated the timing of weapon presence by therapist culpability judgments. manipulating a mock crime in which the perpetrator: clearly held a gun in his hand throughout the video (short versus long 090. Improving Showup Performance with a Pre- exposure time), presented the gun at the very end of the video, Identification Procedure or had no weapon at all. Recall results replicated the WFE, Charles Goodsell, PhD – Canisius College; Scott Gronlund, but there was no effect on eyewitness identification accuracy. PhD – University of Oklahoma; Ryan McAdoo, BA – Calibration analyses revealed that all conditions produced a Univeristy of Oklahoma; Jeffrey Neuschatz, PhD – UAH; strong confidence-accuracy relationship. We conclude that Stacy Wetmore, PhD – Royal Holloway, University of London weapon presence during a crime does not necessarily result in negative consequences for either eyewitness identification The current study was based on our finding that a proposed accuracy or the confidence-accuracy relationship. modification of Clark’s (2003) WITNESS model, called the better-cue model (Goodsell, Gronlund, & Carlson, 2010), that 093. Do Individual Differences in Working Memory could account for performance differences between lineups, Capacity Predict Susceptibility to False Suggestion? but not showups. This modification allows participants learn Robert Lockamyeir – Texas A&M University – Commerce; to distinguish diagnostic from non-diagnostic cues as a Charles Goodsell, PhD – Canisius College; Curt Carlson, sequential lineup unfolds (Wixted & Mickes, 2014), but PhD – Texas A&M University - Commerce makes them unable to do this in a showup. This finding suggested an experiment to test if showups could be improved Eyewitnesses encounter complex situations in which their by asking witnesses to evaluate known-innocent faces prior to attention may not be completely dedicated to crime related the identification. This preidentification procedure brought details. Lane (2006) demonstrated that level of attention at the showup performance in line with simultaneous lineup encoding influences suggestibility of a witness who is given performance. post-event misleading information. In our study, participants viewed slides depicting a theft under either full or divided 091. Evidence of Signal Detection in Eyewitness Facial attention and answered questions involving misleading Recognition information, and finally took a source identification test. Ryan M. McAdoo, BA – University of Oklahoma; Scott Participants also were administered the OSPAN task (Engle, Gronlund, PhD – University of Oklahoma 1989) to measure working memory capacity (WMC). To date, results suggest that divided attention produces greater An ongoing debate in the eyewitness memory literature misattribution of source information. Trends also indicate that asserts that simultaneous lineups promote guessing amongst those with higher WMC may be more resistant to choices and that sequential lineups alleviate this propensity to misinformation. guess. This theory invokes a discrete-state model of recognition memory. However, there is more support for 094. Effects of Executive Functioning on False Memory in continuous signal detection models. Using faces as the critical Children stimuli, and the computation of the conditional probability of Pamela Swift, MS – University of Vermont/West Virginia the target’s ranking among test alternatives as a dependent University; Elisa Krackow, PhD – West Virginia University measure rather than ROC analysis, yielded results consistent with a signal detection model. A second experiment replicated Misremembering is a phenomenon that has potential to the results of the first using faces that did not match between become problematic, especially in legal situations. The study and test. Deese/Roediger/McDermott (DRM; Deese, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, 1995) paradigm has been used in the literature to investigate mechanisms of false memory occurrence. Child

91 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION executive functioning (EF) is a potential mechanism for false recollection that has not been well examined and is addressed 097. Can Interviewers Remember Their Witness here. Results implied that measures of executive functioning Interviews?: The Role of Pre-Interview Information in both inversely and positively predict false recall of critical Interviewer Recall lures. The results of this study add to existing literature on Jillian Rivard, PhD – Barry University; Nadja Schreiber- correlates of the DRM effect and point to specific Compo, PhD – Florida International University; Alexandra mechanisms for false recollection. Weisz, BA – Florida International University; Ashley Woolf, BA – Florida International University; Melissa Diego, BA – 095. Eyewitness Memory: More Than the Sum of Its Florida International University Parts? Kacie Mennie, MA – Louisiana State University; Sean Lane, Current interviewing guidelines recommend that investigators PhD – Louisiana State University review all available witness and case information prior to conducting an interview. However, in at least some child Memories of complex events such as crimes involve multiple witness contexts, investigative interviewers limit the components, such as objects that were used or actions that information known prior to conducting the interview to help were performed. Yet, researchers have argued both that these promote neutrality, a controversial strategy known as “blind components are independent or that they are structured. The interviewing”. Some recent empirical evidence suggests that answer to this question has implications for knowing whether blind interviewers can elicit more correct details than their accuracy for one detail predicts accuracy for another. In this informed counterparts from adult witnesses in a mock-crime experiment, we had participants study face-object pairs, and context. The present research examined potential differences manipulated encoding strategy (integrate or independent) and in interviewer’s memories for the interview as a function of emotional arousal. Results revealed that encoding strategy pre-interview preparation in two separate studies. influenced subsequent memory accuracy, and emotional arousal did not moderate this effect. We discuss the 098. The Effects of Experimentally Induced Stress on implications of these results for eyewitness memory. False Memory for Emotional Word Lists Amy Capparelli, BA – University of Toledo; Travis Conradt, 096. The Misinformation Effect and Embodiment PhD – Florida Institute of Technology Kimberly S. Dellapaolera – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Courtney Brasee – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Brian Participants were randomly assigned to a stress (n = 30) or Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska-Lincoln no-stress (n = 32) condition prior to learning positive, neutral, and negative emotional word lists. Participants either spoke When a body position has an effect on how a person perceives on a stressful or benign event during a structured interview a situation or stimuli it is a representation of the theory of procedure before being presented word lists and recognition embodiment. This study investigated whether different tests. Results indicated that participants across stress physical body cues could influence false memories. The conditions had higher rates of false recognition to negative misinformation effect paradigm was utilized in combination and neutral words compared to positive words. However, no with full body embodiment positions (constrictive v. differences in true and false recognition rates were found expansive). There was no significant main effect of body between stress conditions across emotional word lists. position on misinformation errors, but means are in the predicted direction, and data collection is ongoing.

92 FRIDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Saturday, March 12, 2016 The current study investigated the link between violence exposure and reactive and proactive aggression by testing several potential mediators (impulse control, anxiety, 074. Environmental Predictors of Juvenile Delinquency empathy, callous-unemotional traits). Analyses were 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM conducted with first-time juvenile offenders (N=1,134) ages Chastain D 13 to17. Results indicated that violence exposure had direct **Session Eligible for CE Credit** effects on both proactive and reactive aggression. The predictive link with proactive aggression was not significant Chair: Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD – University of California, when controlling for earlier levels of proactive aggression and Irvine reactive aggression. Violence exposure predicted reactive aggression, even after controlling for earlier reactive The Role of Peer Arrests on the Development of Youths’ aggression and proactive aggression. Boot-strapped mediation Attitudes Towards the Justice System analyses indicated that there were indirect effects through all Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD – University of Calafornia, Irvine; four potential mediators, but the strongest indirect effects Adam Fine; Caitlin Cavanagh; Sachiko Donley, BA - were through impulse control. University of California, Irvine; Paul Frick, PhD - Louisiana State University; Laurence Steinberg, PhD - Temple Does Social Support Moderate the Relationship Between University Partner Offending and Academic Self Concept for Teens? Victoria Mauer, MA – University of Virginia; Tammi Walker, While personal experiences with legal actors contribute to MA; N. Dickon Reppucci, PhD - University of Virginia attitudes towards the justice system, adolescents’ attitudes may also be influenced vicariously through their friends’ We examined social support as a potential moderator of the experiences with the justice system. Using data from 1,216 relationship between partner offending and academic male adolescent offenders, we examine how attitudes toward measures for service-receiving teens (N=191). We the justice system develop over 24 months following the first hypothesized that high levels of social support would decrease arrest. Even after accounting for personal justice system the negative influence partner offending can have on experiences, including self-reported offending, time on the academic self concept. Results revealed that for girls with streets, and contacts with the police, results indicate that higher levels of social support, offending partners’ negative adolescents with friends who were arrested report more impact on academic social concept was less. These results negative attitudes towards the justice system than those were not significant for teen boys. Findings have implications without friends who were arrested. for the identification of vulnerable girls who might be more susceptible to the negative outcomes associated with dating The Role of the Home Environment in Probation offending partners because of their diminished social support. Processing Decisions from First-Time Youth Offenders Caitlin Cavanagh, MA – University of California, Irvine; 075. Individual Determinants in Deceiving and Detecting Adam Fine; Sachiko Donley, BA - University of California, Deception Irvine; Sarah Miltimore; Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD – 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM University of Calafornia, Irvine Chastain E

When faced with a minor accused of committing a crime, In this symposium we present factors within and across juvenile justice arbiters must decide how to process the case. studies that influence individuals’ ability to deceive and detect The present study focuses on which extra-legal factors (e.g., deception. The presenters explore the relationship between the home environment) affect processing in a sample of 355 children’s social and cognitive skills and their ability to tell first-time low-level juvenile offenders. Coded PO intake socially accepted and unaccepted lies (Study 1). Relatedly, assessment forms revealed no differences in processing children’s better ability to deceive adults about false decision by age, race, or offense severity. Rather, we find that accusations was shown in adults’ lower accuracy in detecting youth received harsher sanctions with the PO perceived his deception in that condition compared to other conditions home environment to be problematic. Likewise, if POs (Study 2). Presenters also explore the other end of the age perceive that parents disapprove of a youth's friends, the continuum finding that older adults are no worse than young youth is more likely to receive harsh sanctions. The adults in lie detection accuracy. However, manipulating implications of extra-legal factors in processing decisions will context by increasing suspicion seems to improve lie be discussed. detection accuracy across age groups (Study 3). Focusing on the deceiver, presenters explore adult senders’ working Understanding the Link Between Exposure to Violence memory capacity and deception ability. They show that in a and Aggression in Justice-Involved Adolescents cognitively demanding interview, liars with expanded Tina Wall – University of New Orleans; Abigail Salecedo – working memory capacity can be detected, but truth tellers University of New Orleans; Paul Frick, PhD – Louisiana with low working memory capacity are incorrectly perceived State University; James Ray, PhD – University of Texas at as liars (Study 4). The various factors explored in these San Antonio; Laura Thornton, PhD; Laurence Steinberg, studies elucidate on potential mechanisms and conditions that PhD – Temple University; Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD – influence the detection of deception. Ideas for future research University of California, Irvine will be explored.

93 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING Chair: Iris Blandon-Gitlin, PhD – California State University Tina Fey, MS – California State University Fullerton; Iris Fullerton Blandon-Gitlin, PhD – California State University Fullerton; Discussant: Ray Bull, DSc – Derby University Deshawn Sambrano – California State University Fullerton

Children’s Lie-Telling Behaviour in Relation to Social There is a general bias to believe older adults are worse at Skills and Lie-Telling Ability detecting deception than younger adults. While some studies Megha Nagar, BA – McGill University provide support for this notion, others do not. To test the hypothesis that context may influence the relationship This study compared how social skills and cognitive ability between age and detection ability we manipulated were associated with children’s (N = 133) deception. Children suspiciousness in three age groups before engaging in a engaged in two lie-telling paradigms: one to measure socially deception detection task. Results show that age had no accepted (polite) lies, and one to measure socially unaccepted significant impact on lie detection. However, regardless of (instrumental) lies. Instrumental liars were young with low age, context manipulation (by increasing suspiciousness) led theory of mind (ToM) scores and had high social skills. to more accurate lie detection. Results suggest that other Truth-tellers and dual liars had lower social skills and factors in lie detection may be more important than receivers’ moderate ToM in comparison to instrumental and polite age. liars. These findings suggest children use lies selectively to achieve their social goals. Implications for forensic settings 076. Wrestling with Forensic Waiting Lists will be discussed. 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Chastain F He Stole the Money! Actually He Didn’t! Detecting Children’s Initial Lies and Recantations of an Alleged This symposium will discuss legal, clinical, and practical Theft issues related to forensic waiting lists. Due to the limited Jennifer Lavoie, MEd – McGill University capacity of state hospitals and infrequent discharges of those already occupying beds, individuals adjudicated incompetent This study examined adults’ detection of children’s (ages 6 to to stand trial are placed on these waiting lists instead of 11; N = 58) false denials and false accusations of an alleged receiving timely competency restoration, creating gridlock theft and their later recantations. Undergraduate students (N = throughout the system. The individuals on waiting lists 108) had accuracy rates of 56% in the initial interview, and remain in jail or on bail in the community with unresolved 61% in recantations. Raters were significantly more accurate charges and often, untreated serious mental illness. Such at detecting false denials and true accusations compared to individuals often receive the bare minimum of restoration false accusations and true denials in initial interviews. Adults services. Long wait times violate the constitutional right to more accurately discriminated the veracity of children’s initial due process and advocacy groups have brought lawsuits statements and recantations when children initially made a against numerous states on behalf of individuals on forensic false denial or true accusation. Implications and directions for waiting lists, inspiring this symposium. The first talk will future research will be discussed. discuss clinical considerations of forensic waiting lists, including best practices for competency restoration and future The Influence of Senders’ Working Memory Capacity on research directions to address gaps in current treatment Receivers’ Perception of Veracity programs. The second talk will discuss the legal implications Elise Fenn, PhD – California State University Northridge; of forensic waiting lists and relevant litigation. The third and Iris Blandón-Gitlin, PhD – California State University final talk will describe Virginia’s Jail Team, providing a real- Fullerton; Kathy Pezdek, PhD – Claremont Graduate world example of how to combat a forensic waiting list and University; Aspen Yoo, BA – New York University walking members of the symposium through how to use these strategies. Understanding cognitive mechanisms differentiating liars from truth tellers is an important focus of deception research. Chair: Kelley E. Durham, BA – Drexel University, One hypothesized mechanism is working memory capacity Philadelphia, PA (WMC). To explore the influence of this factor, observers’ Discussant: H. Jean Wright, PsyD – Department of ratings of “deceptive appearance” of low- and high-WMC Behavioral Health and Intellectual disAbility Services liars and truth tellers interviewed during a cognitively demanding interview were compared. A significant Clinical Considerations of Effective Competency interaction resulted; whereas high-WMC liars were rated as Restoration significantly more deceptive than high-WMC truth tellers, Kelley E. Durham, BA – Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA; low-WMC truth tellers and liars were rated similarly Shelby Arnold, BA – Drexel University; Christy Giallella, deceptive. These results suggest that such interviews may be PhD – Philadelphia DBHIDS; Patty Griffin, PhD – effective with high-WMC liars but may undermine accurate Philadelphia DBHIDS detection the low-WMC truth tellers. This talk is the first in a symposium that wrestles with Would Context Manipulation Influence Older Adults’ clinical, legal, and practical issues related to the management Ability to Detect Deception? of the population of individuals who are incompetent to stand trial. Waiting lists for state forensic hospitals for competency evaluation and restoration have become an increasing issue in

94 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING the United States. Forensic waiting lists present an array of influence judicial decision-making processes for juvenile clinical, legal, and practical issues for individuals and are one sexual offense cases. Lastly, Study 3 evaluated perceptions of of the core roadblocks in achieving timely and effective offenders and victim credibility and systematically competency restoration. This presentation will discuss the manipulated variables related to victim age and physical clinical concerns resulting from lengthy wait times, and indicators of child sexual abuse. Implications for judicial provide future directions for research to better restore decision-making processes will be provided by the discussant. individuals to competency. Chair and Discussant: Apryl A. Alexander, PsyD – Auburn Due Process Problems with Civil Commitment of University Incompetent Defendants: The Current Round of Litigation and the Next The Effect of Psychoeducation on Public Perceptions of Benjamin Locklair, MA – Drexel University Adolescents with Illegal Sexual Behavior Megan Harrelson, BA – Auburn University This is the second in a series of presentations about wait-lists for forensic mental health commitments. Lawsuits have been Adolescents with illegal sexual behavior (AISB) are brought in a number of concerning excessive wait times for considered by some as “super-predators” for their sexual defendants found incompetent to stand trial to be admitted to behaviors. This negative stereotype often motivates punitive psychiatric hospitals for competency restoration. States have criminal dispositions for AISB in the justice system. This generally responded by attempting to increase hospital study examined the influence of psychoeducation on AISB capacity. Other measures such as jail- or community-based dispositions. Participants were randomly assigned to receive competency restoration may avoid the constitutional problems psychoeducation on AISB and then asked to report opinions while costing less and using less restrictive treatment settings. regarding AISB guiltiness, trial type, registration status, and Constitutional problems with the length of these recidivism risk in three vignettes. Participants who received commitments, however, will likely persist and may engender psychoeducation rated AISB as less likely to reoffend a new round of Due Process litigation. compared to participants who received no psychoeducation. Psychoeducation material was found to alter perceptions of So You Have a Forensic Waiting List; Now What? AISB recidivism. Legal implications are discussed. Kristen Hudacek, PsyD – Virginia Department of Behavioral Health & Developmental Services Jury Verdicts for Adolescents with Illegal Sexual Behavior: The Impact of Medical Data and Race/Ethnicity As the final talk in the symposium on Wrestling with Forensic Rebecca Fix, MS – Auburn University Waiting Lists, this presentation will examine ways Virginia has worked to decrease their waitlist and improve services for Race and medical evidence have been shown to affect judicial individuals found incompetent. This talk will discuss and how decision making. The perceived importance of race/ethnicity to examine statewide and regional trends in order to focus alongside medical evidence in juvenile sexual abuse cases limited resources toward the reduction of waitlists. have been recognized separately in the literature. Thus, the Information from the Region-IV Jail Team in Virginia will present study examined whether there was an interaction provide a real-world example of how jail-based competency effect between the presence of medical evidence and the race restoration can successfully divert persons from inpatient of the perpetrator and victim using case vignettes within a hospitalization, triage those most in need of inpatient care, sample of college students. Multiple interaction effects were coordinate community-based services, and reduce waitlists for observed between race of the perpetrator, race of the victim, admission. and the presence/absence of medical evidence. Accordingly, a number of important implications for judicial decision 077. Perceptions of Juvenile Offenders: Factors that making processes are further explored. Influence Judicial Decision-Making 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Evaluations of Juvenile Offenders: The Role of Medical Chastain G Evidence and Victim Age **Session Eligible for CE Credit** John Michael Falligant, BS – Auburn University

This symposium addresses the public’s perceptions of A growing body of evidence suggests that professionals who juvenile offenders. Specifically, this symposium explores are responsible for substantiating or validating reports of child factors that might impact legal decisions in cases involving sexual abuse consider certain types of evidence as more juvenile offenders and adolescents with illegal sexual important or indicative of abuse than other types of evidence behaviors. This symposium provides theoretical insights (e.g., Blackwell & Seymour, 2013; Conte, Sorenson, regarding the evaluation of evidence presented in legal Forgarty, & Rosa, 1991; Peters, 2000). The present study proceedings as well as demographic variables of offenders evaluated perceptions of offenders and victim credibility and victims. In Study 1, the author explores how providing across four vignettes that systematically manipulated psychoeducation about adolescents with illegal sexual variables related to victim age and physical indicators of behavior and their treatment might impact dispositions and abuse. The influence of medical evidence and victim age on assignment of sex offender registration and community perceptions and sentencing of juvenile sex offenders will be notification. Study 2 examines public perceptions of how discussed. race/ethnicity and the availability of medical evidence may

95 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING 078. Interactions with Probation Officers mental illness affect officers’ perceptions of risk for 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM probationers with mental illness using an experimental design Chastain H with 99 probation officers. We found that officers **Session Eligible for CE Credit** overestimate the risk of recidivism for offenders with mental illness even when provided with risk assessment information, Chair: Jennifer Eno Louden, PhD – The University of Texas but negative attitudes towards mental illness are not at El Paso associated with risk perceptions. However, inflated risk perceptions predicted desire for more punitive responses to Youth’s Perceptions of Parental Support and Monitoring violations. as Moderators of the Association Between Youth- Probation Officer Relationships and Probation Non- Impact of Community-based Provider Reports on Compliance Juvenile Probation Officers’ Recommendations: Effects of Sarah Vidal, PhD – Yale University School of Medicine; Positive and Negative Framing on Decision Making Jennifer Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University Elizabeth Gale-Bentz, BA – Drexel University; Amanda NeMoyer, MS, JD – Drexel University; Kelley Durham, BA – As a community-based sanction, juvenile probation Drexel University; Keisha April, JD – Drexel University; exemplifies the potential of both communities and families to Naomi E.S. Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University make significant contributions in promoting positive changes among offending youth. Yet, surprisingly little research has Although youth probationers remain in their communities explored the nature of these relationships and its association while under court supervision, they typically must comply with offending. This study examined (1) the associations with several probation requirements. Juvenile probation between youth-officer relationships, youth perceptions of officers (JPOs) receive information about youths’ compliance parental support and monitoring, and probation non- and noncompliance with requirements from a variety of compliance and (2) the compensatory effects of positive sources, including community-based service providers. JPOs youth-officer or youth-parent relationships on probation non- then present this information to judges during probation compliance among youth with poor relationships with their review hearings, where youth in violation of requirements probation officers or parents (n=110). The findings may have probation revoked and be committed to a residential underscore the potential benefits of parent-officer facility. This study examines whether community providers’ collaboration in facilitating successful interventions among framing of information (i.e., in a positive, neutral, or negative offending youth. way) significantly impacts JPO impressions of youth probationers and their recommendations to the court. Effect of Cooperativeness of the Parent on Juvenile Probation Officer Decision-Making 079. Measuring Malingering and its Impact Tamara Kang, MA – The University of Texas at El Paso; 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM Jennifer Eno Louden, PhD – The University of Texas at El Chastain I Paso **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

Juvenile probation officers have identified an ideal parent to Chair: David Hill, PsyD – University of Manitoba work with in probation, which is supportive, monitors their child’s behavior, and partners with the officer. Research has Does the SIRS-2 Add Value in the Assessment of yet to empirically examine the effect of parental cooperation Malingering over the Original SIRS? A Simulated Groups on officers’ decision-making. This study examined whether Study with Forensic Psychiatric Patients an officer’s response to initial noncompliance and continued David Hill, PsyD – University of Manitoba; Barry Cooper, noncompliance was affected by uncooperative parents. The PhD – University of British Columbia Okanagan results revealed that officers’ responses to the initial noncompliance adhered to the evidence-based practices In this study, the Structured Interview of Reported Symptoms, defined by the Risk Principle in RNR. The variation of Second Edition (SIRS-2) was examined for detecting responses to continued noncompliance suggests that the malingering in a forensic population. The main goal of the parent’s role in probation may be more important for high- study was to investigate the utility of the SIRS-2 in a sample risk offenders. of 55 forensic psychiatric patients. Results revealed no differences between the SIRS-2 and the original SIRS in Do Probation Officers’ Attitudes Towards Mental Illness terms of sensitivity, specificity, or overall classification Affect Risk Assessment and Responses to Violations? accuracy in differentiating between honest responding and Jennifer Eno Louden, PhD – The University of Texas at El simulated feigning. In addition, the results raised concerns Paso; Elijah Ricks, PhD – Roosevelt University; Patrick about the usefulness of two new indexes in the SIRS-2, the Kennealy, PhD – Travis County Community Supervision and MT Index and RS-Total. Corrections Department Extreme PTSD Symptom Endorsement: Development of a Although mental illness is not a robust risk factor for Specificity-focused Malingering Detection Scale recidivism, probation officers may have inflated perceptions Lynette Rama, BA – Palo Alto University; Michelle Mosich, of risk for offenders with mental illness. We sought to BA – Palo Alto University; Sierra Shumate, BA – Palo Alto examine whether and how stigmatizing attitudes towards University; Christopher Weaver, PhD – Palo Alto University

96 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING Professional standards such as the ABA Criminal Justice Detection of malingered PTSD is important because of high Mental Health Standards and the AP-LS Specialty Guidelines potential secondary gain in legal and treatment have important and untapped potential for describing how settings. Endorsement of symptoms as “Unbearable” is a Law and Psychology has changed, clarifying good policy and method of detecting malingered or exaggerated symptom practice in present cases, and shaping the presentation, as such endorsement is rare even among people research/policy/practice as the field evolves. This with substantiated disorder. The current “Unbearable Index” presentation by Kirk Heilbrun and Chris Slobogin will first development was undertaken to maximize specificity within addresses the multiple applications of such professional the context of a larger simulated malingering study on the standards (including research, policy, and practice) and development of a new multi-index PTSD measure. The provide data describing how they are currently very limited in procedure resulted in an 11-item index where a cutoff score of their citations in the professional literature. It will next cover 4 resulted in 100% specificity while retaining 31% sensitivity. the Criminal Justice Mental Health Standards as a specific example of how standards developed by the legal profession The Impact of Malingering: An Analysis of Atkins have applications to Law and Psychology—and how the Opinions revised version of these standards reflects important changes Rachel deLacy, MA – University of Alabama; Karen Salekin, that are congruent with changing opportunities and potential PhD – University of Alabama uses in this area. Finally, using two vignettes, it will illustrate how these standards can be applied toward clarifying good This study investigated the association between malingering practice and resolving ethical conflicts for both attorneys and and outcome in Atkins cases using judicial opinions. Opinions psychologists. were divided into two groups, those that mentioned malingering (n = 150) and those that did not (n = 301). 081. Actual versus Perceived Search Experiences: The Although there were no significant differences between the Impact of Situational and Environmental Factors on the groups, (χ2 (3, n = 246) = 4.65, p = .20, phi = .14), both Voluntariness of Consent Searches groups had significantly lower success rates (i.e., defendants 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM being found to have ID) than the national rate of success Chastain D found by Blume and colleagues (2014). These findings suggest clinicians need to be aware of the prejudicial nature of The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable the term malingering. searches by government actors. However, police can request consent to search any time, and consent searches are valid if Investigation of Novel Decision Rules for the Test of the consent was voluntarily given based on the “totality of the Memory Malingering (TOMM) circumstances.” The Supreme Court has not determined that Holly Hinz, MS – Fordham University; Brian Belfi, PsyD – any situational or environmental factor per se reduces consent Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center; Justin Perry, MA – Kirby voluntariness, but research in Situated Social Cognition Forensic Psychiatric Center indicates they could affect consent decisions and reduce voluntariness. The current study retrospectively analyzed 461 TOMMs administered to pre-trial defendants found incompetent to Combining in-lab and online experimental methodologies, the stand trial to determine if specific items from Trial Two are current symposium focuses on two areas: the impact of answered correctly more often among individuals not feigning situational/environmental factors on consent and the impact of cognitive impairment. Four items were identified as being the Actor-Observer Effect on judgments about consent answer correctly 99.7% of the time by non-feigning voluntariness. The first presentation compares adolescents’ individuals. This study examined the potential of these items and parents’ perceptions of adolescent consent decisions and and others to distinguish between individuals who are not situations. The second presentation manipulates feigning cognitive impairment, and those exerting poor effort environmental factors in-lab to investigate their impact on or feigning cognitive impairment. Implications, limitations, actual consent decisions. The third presentation examines and directions for future research are discussed. people’s perceptions of those environmental factors on judgments of consent decisions, and compares these 080. AP-LS Distinguished Contributions Award Address perceptions to actual consent from the second paper. The 8:00 AM to 9:00 AM fourth manipulates social situational factors in-lab to Chastain J investigate their impact on actual consent decisions. The final study examines people’s perceptions of those social Chair: Thomas Grisso, PhD - University of Massachusetts situational factors on judgments of consent decisions, and Medical School compares these perceptions to actual consent from the fourth paper. Professional Standards in Law and Psychology: Illuminating History, Clarifying the Present, and Shaping Chair: Jennifer Groscup, JD, PhD – Scripps College the Future Discussant: Meera Adya, PhD/JD – Syracuse University Law Kirk Heilbrun, PhD - Drexel University; Chris Slobogin, PhD School - Vanderbilt Law School

97 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING But Mom! Adolescents’ Expectations of Privacy and Predictions of Third Party Consent The Constitution provides the right to be free from Lori Hoetger, MA, JD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Eve unreasonable searches by the government. However, a search Brank, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Jennifer cannot be unreasonable if the searchee consented to it and if Groscup, JD, PhD – Scripps College that consent was voluntary. The current in-lab experiment placed participants in a situation in which they needed to Legally, parents have the ability to consent to a search of their decide if they would consent to a search of their property and children’s property as long as they have joint access and potentially incriminating evidence. The current study control over that property. Research has yet to explore how manipulated two subtle situational factors (cornering and adolescents and adults differ in their evaluations of relative physical position) and guilt to determine subtle expectations of privacy and consent to a search decision influences on consents to search. Results will discuss the making. Study 1 reveals adolescents’ expectations of privacy impact of these situational factors on consent decisions and are similar to those of judges. Study 2 results indicate consent voluntariness. adolescents are significantly more likely than parents to predict parents would consent to a search. Hey Officer, Don’t Fence Me In! The Impact of Exit- Blocking, Physical Distance, and Relative Physical I’m Cramped and Hot: Subtle Environmental Effects on Position on Perceptions of Consent Searches Consents to Search Jennifer Groscup, JD, PhD – Scripps College; Emma Eve Brank, JD/PhD – University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Marshall, BA – Pomona College; Eve Brank, JD, PhD – Jennifer Groscup, JD, PhD – Scripps College; Joshua Haby, University of Nebraska-Lincoln BA – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Lori Hoetger, MA, JD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln Consent searches require voluntariness of consent for validity under the 4th Amendment. Social situational factors may In the U.S. a person has the right to refuse consent to a affect perceptions of voluntariness, but their importance is requested police search, yet field and lab studies document minimized in court decisions about searches. Participants (N= very few instances of refusals and complete understanding of 484) rated perceptions of privacy and of the consent request in rights. The current in-lab experiment placed participants in a a consent search situation in which situational factors situation in which they needed to decide if they would consent including the relative position of the officer and searchee, to a search of their property and potentially incriminating exit-blocking, and physical distance were manipulated. Exit- evidence. The current study manipulated three subtle blocking affected perceptions of the search, increasing environmental factors (lighting, warmth, room size) to perceived coerciveness and decreasing perceived determine subtle influences on consents to search. Each voluntariness. Significant differences in perceptions between manipulated factor individually and together affected the third-person and first-person perspective were observed, participants’ ratings about their consents such as the indicating that judges may overestimate consent voluntariness of those consents. voluntariness.

Bright Lights, Hot Nights, and Small Spaces: The Impact 082. Social Framework Evidence in Court: Contributions of the Search Request Environment on Perceptions of and Controversies from Five Areas of Psycholegal Consent Searches Research Emma Marshall, BA – Pomona College; Jennifer Groscup, 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM JD, PhD – Scripps College; Eve Brank, JD, PhD – University Chastain E of Nebraska-Lincoln Widespread endorsement of myths and misconceptions about Consent searches require voluntariness of consent for validity psycho-legally relevant topics is well-documented in the under the 4th Amendment. Environmental factors may affect literature. Jurors and other legal and criminal justice actors perceptions of voluntariness, but they do not feature are not immune from these biases. To the extent that legal prominently in court decisions about searches. Participants (N factfinders are not adequately informed about critical = 463) rated perceptions of privacy and of the consent request psycholegal issues litigated in their courtrooms, innocent in a consent search situation in which environmental factors individuals may be falsely convicted, guilty individuals may including temperature, lighting, and space-size were not be held accountable for their actions, and civil judgments manipulated. Only space-size affected perceptions of the may fail to appropriately apportion responsibility or award search, with perceptions of invasiveness and criminal damages. Social framework testimony is general, non-case accusation increased in small spaces. Significant differences specific educational evidence offered to contextual litigated in perceptions between the third-person and first-person facts by situating them in empirical knowledge. While this perspective were observed, indicating that judges may process is a laudable one, it is also not without its ethical and overestimate consent voluntariness. experiential pitfalls. This panel of esteemed, psycho-legal scholar/experts will address challenging and potentially Don’t Stand So Close to Me: Subtle Positioning and controversial legal, ethical, experiential, social-scientific and Consents to Search evidentiary considerations. Civil and criminal arenas, Joshua Haby, BA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; Eve including defense and prosecution uses of social framework Brank, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Jennifer evidence will be included. Specific topics covered are: Groscup, JD, PhD – Scripps College employment discrimination; sexual harassment; eyewitness

98 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING evidence, false confessions, and counterintuitive victim behavior, along with discussant commentary by a legal The Devil is in the Details: Anti-Discrimination Law Post scholar. Panelists will provide case examples, followed pre- Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes selected themes, e.g., ethics; adversarial roles; admissibility, Eugene Borgida, PhD – University of Minnesota; Clatch and generalization from group data to individual level, case Lauren, JD, PhD candidate – University of Minnesota specific facts. In Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs et al. Chair: Mindy B. Mechanic, PhD – CSUF - Department of v. Inclusive Communities Project, Inc. et al. (2015), Justice Psychology Kennedy, writing for the majority, argued that disparate- Discussant: Christopher Slobogin, JD, LLM – Vanderbilt Law impact liability is useful to address the negative effects of School unconscious prejudice (especially in the absence of conscious discriminatory intent) in order to prevent segregated housing The Use of Social Framework Evidence on False patterns that result from these biases. We examine the extent Confessions In Criminal Cases to which “uncovering discriminatory intent” draws upon the Richard Leo, PhD, JD – University of San Francisco School science of implicit cognition and discuss legal obstacles that of Law may complicate the use of science in disparate-impact liability in fair-housing and employment discrimination contexts. This talk sets out to describe: 1) the substance of expert testimony on the social psychology of influence during the Social Framework Evidence on Counterintuitive Victim interrogation process and false and unreliable confessions; 2) Behavior in Sexual Assault Trials the social scientific basis for the admissibility of such Mindy B. Mechanic, PhD – CSUF - Department of testimony in light of existing legal standards, noting that trial Psychology courts are not as hostile to such testimony as it may appear from the published appellate cases; 3) The main arguments This presentation focuses upon the use of social framework that prosecutors make when seeking to exclude the testimony testimony on counterintuitive victim behavior in civilian and of such experts; and 4) the kinds of (experimental and non- military sexual assault trials to educate the factfinder. The experimental) research that speaks to these concerns. term “counterintuitive victim behavior” refers to behavioral, emotional, or physical responses observed among, or reported Social Framework Analysis for Sexual Harassment by trauma/crime victims that can be understood within the Litigation context of that trauma/victimization, but which lay persons Peggy Stockdale, PhD – Indiana University-Perdue fail to understand or misunderstand due to lack of University Indianapolis information, myths and stereotypes or other misconceptions held about how ‘real’ victims behave or ought to Social framework testimony provides a "frame of reference" behave. Case examples as well as ethical, legal, experiential, for understanding the factual issues relevant to a specific and social-scientific will be addressed. claim. Social framework testimony is particularly helpful when a phenomenon appears to be well understood by lay 083. Police Officers and Perceptions of Police decision makers, but is counter-indicated by empirical 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM research and supported theories.. This presentation on sexual Chastain F harassment discusses: targets reluctance to report sexual Chair: Matthew Fleischmann harassment and why they may appear to "go along" with the harassing conduct; the complex relationship between prior The Effects of Warnings on Perceptions of Police Officer victimization and sexual harassment; and the possibility that Use of Excessive Force women and feminists may actually be harsher judges than Melissa Baker, MA – Appalachian State University; Verne others of weak claims of sexual harassment. Bacharach, PhD – Appalachian State University

Practical, Legal, and Ethical, Issues Involved in Participants viewed a brief staged video of a confrontation Consulting and Testifying in the Area of Eyewitness between a male or female police officer and a civilian. The Memory participants were then asked if the officer had used excessive Mitchell Elsen, PhD – California State University-Los force. A 2 (police officer gender: male, female) × 2 (pre- Angeles warning: yes, no) × 2 (post-warning: yes, no) logistic regression analysis showed that ratings of excessive force Three main topics will be discussed in this presentation: (1) were a function of officer gender and a warning detailing the The role of the consultant, where experts help the attorney limits of short confrontation videos. Pre-warnings had no identify and conceptualize the issues involved in their case effect on judgements of excessive force while post-warning that could potentially affect the eyewitness evidence; (2) The effects were limited to the male officer video. Results have role of the expert in testimony, where they will need to help implications for how media release these types of videos to the attorney structure the direct examination to elicit the the public. relevant information for that case to educate the trier(s) of fact; and (3) Legal and ethical issues related to limiting their work to one’s area of expertise and understanding the legal/ethical limits of this type of testimony in court.

99 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING Police Officer Improvement in Mental Health Awareness Margot Williams, BA – University of North Texas; Richard Outcomes: Examining Regional Differences Rogers, PhD – University of North Texas; Allyson Sharf, MS – University of North Texas; Sarah Henry, MS – University of Christine Schmidt, MA – Palo Alto University; Sierra North Texas Shumate, BA – Palo Alto University; Marissa Vasquez, BA – Palo Alto University; Caroline Mok, PhD – Palo Alto Despite national media attention surrounding police officers’ University; Joel Rosenthal, MD, PhD – U.S. Department of beliefs and conduct, little is known regarding their personal Veterans Affairs Central Office; Sean Clark, JD – U.S. views towards Miranda rights and the broader rights of the Department of Veterans Affairs Central Office; Trent Pettis – accused. Recently, Rogers and colleagues (2015) investigated U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Central Office; the attitudes of community members (N = 619), developing Christopher Weaver, PhD – Palo Alto University the Rights of the Accused Survey to understand attitudes towards a comprehensive set of protections. The current study Prior research suggests regional differences exist among the expands this research through surveying police officers (N = public regarding attitudes toward mental illness, yet a gap in 209). Findings indicated that law enforcement generally the literature exists with respect to whether these regional shared similar views towards the rights of the accused as differences may impact the effectiveness of mental health community members; the differences existed in the strength training for law enforcement. The current study sought to fill of their endorsement. Implications are discussed. this gap by using evaluations from officers before and after the trainings to determine whether the region of the country in 084. Eyewitness Confidence and Decision Making which officers were trained plays a critical role. Results 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM indicated that region significantly impacted certain outcome Chastain G variables, including total assessment score, knowledge, and Chair: Siegfried Sporer, PhD – University of Giessen, social distance. Implications of the regional differences are Germany discussed. Retrospective Eyewitness Judgments: Accurate versus An Evaluation of a Police Crisis Response Model in Rhode Comparative Post-Identification Feedback and Double- Island for Persons with Mental Illness Blind Procedures Matthew Fleischmann Kimberly Dellapaolera – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Brian Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska-Lincoln Police officers, deemed street corner psychologists, are all too frequently called to respond to a person suffering from a In order to counteract the effects of post-identification mental illness or other emotional difficulties. Now more than feedback, the present experiment utilized double-blind lineup ever, the media shows a proliferation of these calls ending procedures to compare two types of post-identification with the person in distress being harmed, frequently fatally. feedback (accurate versus comparative). The design was a 2 The current study evaluated a program developed in 2008 in (blind condition status: double-blind, non-blind) X 3 Rhode Island, which strives to assist officers in resolving (feedback: accuracy feedback, comparative feedback, no these calls peacefully and safely. Various aspects of mental feedback) X 2 (lineup type: target-present, target-absent) health perceptions, understanding, and resolution tactics will between-subjects factorial design. There was a significant be examined. main effect for both blind condition status and feedback, such that participants’ retrospective judgment reports were more Emotional Competence in Policing Pilot Project influenced in the non-blind conditions and those using Georgia Winters, MA – John Jay College and Graduate comparative feedback. Center, City University of New York; Rachel Parish; Christopher Honeyman; Jack Cambria; Elizabeth Jeglic, PhD Identification Accuracy: It’s All About Confidence, or – John Jay College Not? Siegfried Sporer, PhD – University of Giessen, Germany The present study sought to develop and implement a pilot program designed to increase emotional competence in law Wixted and colleagues (2015) argued that confidence enforcement personnel. Through six sessions, the program recorded at the time of an identification is a much better utilized a multidisciplinary experiential learning process to postdictor of eyewitness identification than previously teach law enforcement professionals to apply compassion in thought. Although the calibration analyses of some large crisis situations. An examination of qualitative responses to sample studies seem persuasive, the authors fail to discuss the program revealed participants had positive feedback and noteworthy exceptions. Re-analyses of 12 studies (N total = found the sessions beneficial. Further, findings provided 2906) showed that the postdictive value of confidence is valuable information on potential points of improvement. reduced with (1) cross-race identifications, (2) older Overall, the pilot study supported the feasibility of participants, (3) after extended delays, (4) after "unconscious implementation and showed strong participant satisfaction for transference" or misleading postevent information, (5) the program. with/without physical (mask/disguise, clothing) or mental context reinstatement, and a host of system variables as Police Officers’ Views Towards Miranda and the Rights of moderators. the Accused

100 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING Decision Processes in Eyewitness Identification 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM Molly Moreland, PhD - University of California, Riverside; Chastain H Steven Clark, PhD – University of California, Riverside **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

The dominant theory of decision-making in eyewitness Recently, the DSM-5 incorporated the callous unemotional identification, based on a distinction between absolute and traits as a specifier for Conduct Disorder. This specifier is relative judgments, assumes that relative judgments well recognized as a significant addition to the CD diagnosis. (identifying the best match relative to the other lineup Yet, it should be noted that this specifier represents only 1 of members) increase identification errors (Wells, 1984). 3 dimensions of child psychopathy. This symposium consists Witnesses viewed guilty and innocent-suspect lineups that of six talks that address the importance of examining all three also differed in foil selection method. Additionally, lineup dimensions of child psychopathy. The papers in this instructions either directed witnesses to use an absolute or symposium address the unique correlates including research relative judgment decision rule. Receiver operating on heart rate and skin conductance, cortisol functioning, EEG, characteristic (ROC) analyses indicated an advantage for fMRI brain imaging and treatment. The symposium will focus relative decision rules for different-foils and same-foils on child psychopathy, its dimensions, and their unique lineups. Contrary to the dominant view, the results suggest relations with bio-behavioral referents and treatment outcome. that relative judgments (and comparisons among lineup members) may improve accuracy. Chair and Discussant: Randall T. Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama The Impact of Post-Recall Feedback on Subsequent Source-Monitoring Accuracy, Confidence, and Perceived Psychopathy, Risk, and Neural Processing in Juvenile Rapport Offenders Dana Hirn Mueller, PhD – Florida International University; Abby Clark, BA – University of Alabama; Randall Salekin, Nadja Schreiber-Compo, PhD – Florida International PhD – University of Alabama University There have been mixed results when investigating P3 ERP While post-identification feedback has been shown to and psychopathy in adolescent offenders. This study will significantly impact witness confidence, there has been little further investigate the association between psychopathy and research examining post-recall feedback. This study P3 ERP during a visual oddball task. We recruited 50 examined the effects of post-recall feedback on witness adolescents from a juvenile detention facility. Psychopathy source-monitoring accuracy and confidence in source- was measured using the Antisocial Process Screening Device monitoring accuracy. After viewing a mock crime, (APSD, Frick 2001). P3 amplitude has been correlated with participants were interviewed and given either confirming, externalizing behavior and impulsivity, but not the other neutral, no, or disconfirming feedback. Participants were then factors of psychopathy. We will also investigate a relationship asked source-monitoring questions about their recall and rated between P3 amplitude and risk for future offending (RSTI- their confidence in their source-monitoring accuracy. Results SR; Salekin, 2008). Hypothetically, juvenile offenders with showed that, compared to other participants, those given higher psychopathy and risk scores will have reduced P3 confirming feedback were more confident in their source- amplitude. monitoring accuracy; however, there was no correlation between confidence and source-monitoring accuracy. Psychopathy, Intelligence, and HPA/HPG Balance Among Adolescent Offenders Mock Jurors’ Legal Judgments of Familiar Eyewitness Natalie Harrison, MA – University of Alabama; Randall Identifications Made with High or Low Confidence Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama; Andrea Glenn, PhD – Jonathan Vallano, PhD – University of Pittsburgh at University of Alabama; Ryan Early – University of Alabama Greensburg; Joanna Pozzulo, PhD – Carleton University; Jennifer Pettalia The interplay of hormonal balance and intellectual ability has not yet been investigated in adolescents with psychopathic Eyewitness researchers have largely ignored identifications of traits. We recruited 58 adolescent offenders and conducted an familiar (previously seen) perpetrators. As a result, the IQ test, as well as the Psychopathy Checklist-Youth Version present study examined mock jurors’ perceptions of familiar interview. We collected a baseline sample of salivary cortisol identifications by providing a case summary to Canadian (N = and testosterone and two samples of cortisol and testosterone 220) and American undergraduates (N = 219) that at 20 minutes and 40 minutes following a social stress manipulated whether the eyewitness had seen the perpetrator induction to assess their stress reactivity. Intelligence before and their lineup identification confidence. Preliminary moderated the relationships between the antisocial facet and results indicate that mock jurors perceived more confident each of baseline cortisol, cortisol reactivity, and the ratio of identifications as more accurate and indicative of guilt than baseline testosterone to cortisol reactivity. less confident identifications. However, familiarity did not affect legal judgments. We discuss the implications of these Psychopathy, Morality and Brain Function in Adolescence findings on expert testimony in familiar identification cases. Rheanna Remmel, BA – University of Alabama; Andrea Glenn, PhD – University of Alabama; Randall Salekin, PhD – 085. Child Psychopathy and Its Dimensions: Examining University of Alabama; Rajesh Kana, PhD – University of Biological, Measurement, and Treatment Correlates Alabama at Birmingham

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Psychopathy is a psychological condition that has been Child psychopathy is a severe personality condition that likely associated with a variety of behavioral and neurological affects youthful populations. It is therefore important to deficits in adolescents, including altered brain functioning. develop and test interventions for this severe personality Using fMRI, the neural correlates of moral decision making condition. The current study used a single case design to test were investigated in relation to psychopathic traits. The the effectiveness of a positive psychology for mental models subscales of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) intervention on youth. Nine youth participated in a 9-week were regressed onto brain function when comparing morally intervention. Single case data analyses showed a general laden picture to non-morally laden pictures. Positive decline across grandiose manipulative, callous-unemotional associations were seen between Callousness, Dishonest and daring impulsive. Although not all single cases showed a charm, and Impulsivity and a number of brain regions, and significant decline the group based analysis showed a decline some negative associations were also seen. These suggest that between pre and post testing. specific deficits may be represented differently in the brain. 086. Competency The Validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory- 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM Short Version (YPI-S) in Justice-Involved and At-Risk Chastain I Adolescents: A Multi-Informant, Multi-Measure **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Assessment Approach Focusing on Dimensional Differences Chair: Heidi M. Metroz, BA – University of Denver Christopher Gillen, MA – University of Southern Mississippi; Emily MacDougall, MA – University of Alabama; Adelle Competence Through Cognition: Cognitive Remediation Forth, PhD – Carleton University; Christopher Barry, PhD – and Restoration of Trial Competence University of Southern Mississippi Jennifer Wilson, PhD – Taylor Hardin Secure Medical Facility; Stanley Brodsky, PhD – The University of Alabama The current study was the first to investigate the validity of the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory-Short Version (YPI- Cognitive remediation presents a promising option for S) in justice-involved and at-risk adolescent samples from the competency restoration. This randomized, controlled pilot United States using a multi-method, multi-rater design. study of 33 forensic inpatients explored the effectiveness of Consistent with past research examining European samples, cognitive remediation to improve adjudicative competence. YPI-S-measured interpersonal, affective, and impulsive- Compared to a treatment-as-usual control group, the treatment irresponsible traits differentially predicted theoretically group received a five-week-supplement of cognitive relevant variables of interest, including substance use, remediation. Cognitive remediation significantly improved anxiety, and aggression. YPI-S domains were moderately to Reasoning ability on the MacArthur Competence Assessment strongly correlated with other psychopathy measures, Tool-Criminal Adjudication; changes on the two other factors including clinician ratings, and antisocial behavior. Findings were not significant. Successful treatment participants tended suggest that the YPI-S can be used as a valid screening to be more mentally ill and exhibited poor pre-test instrument for use in both forensic and non-forensic settings performance. This pilot provided support for cognitive in the U.S. remediation to improve competence to stand trial in mentally ill offenders with impaired legal reasoning. Psychopathy and Physiology in Adolescent Offenders Emily MacDougall, MA – The University of Alabama; Predicting Nonrestorability of Incompetent to Stand Trial Randall Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama Defendants: Granting Jackson Relief Shanah Einzig, MA – University of Hartford; Debbie Green, Recently, researchers have advocated for a greater focus on PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Brian Belfi, PsyD – measuring neurobiological underpinnings of serious behavior Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center; Michal Kunz problems such as psychopathy. In particular, psychopathy has garnered significant attention for its relationship with In Jackson v. Indiana (1972), the Supreme Court disallowed physiological processes, Using a sample of adolescent the practice of holding incompetent to stand trial defendants offenders, this study intends to explore the relationship indefinitely in forensic hospitals. Clinicians must evaluate between scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Youth Version whether defendants can be restored to competency in a (PCL: YV; Forth, Kosson, & Hare, 2003) and levels of heart reasonable period of time. There is limited empirical evidence rate (HR) and skin conductance (SC) using a white noise to guide such decisions. This study investigated demographic, stimulus task. Preliminary results indicate a negative, clinical, and criminogenic factors for Jacksoned defendants significant association between anticipatory skin conductance and a matched control sample of restored defendants. responses and PCL: YV total scores, controlling for Jacksoned defendants were older; more frequently spoke a aggression. Preliminary implications are discussed. language other than English; less likely to be diagnosed with a mood disorder; more often, diagnosed with a cognitive Child Psychopathy and Treatment: A Single Case Design disorder; and prescribed clozapine at higher rates. Randall T. Salekin, PhD – University of Alabama; Abby Clark, BA – University of Alabama; Natalia Harrison, MA – University of Alabama; Molly Cory, BA – University of Alabama; Meghann Sallee, MA – University of Alabama

102 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING The Effects of Timing on Competency to Stand Trial **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Evaluation Opinions Heidi Metroz, BA – University of Denver; Jannae D. Chair: Amy Dieter, BS – Eastern Kentucky University Bratcher, BA – University of Denver; W. Neil Gowensmith, PhD – University of Denver Development and Initial Validation of Triarchic Construct Scales for the Computerized Adaptive Test of Recent litigation and media coverage has focused attention on Personality Disorder (CAT-PD) lengthy wait times that some defendants experience awaiting Amy Dieter, BS – Eastern Kentucky University; Dustin competency to stand trial (CST) evaluations. However, the Wygant, PhD – Eastern Kentucky University; Taylor Kutchen, effects of timing on CST evaluation opinions is unknown. We BA – Eastern Kentucky University; Jessica Tylicki, BS – examined 501 CST evaluations, analyzing how CST opinions Eastern Kentucky University; Alexander Kuhl, MS; Laura varied with time to evaluations; we further examined the Drislane, MS – Florida State University; Martin Sellbom, effects of setting, diagnoses, and evaluator reliability across PhD – The Australian National University various time frames. Results showed that incompetency rates were substantially higher in evaluations completed with the Patrick, Fowles, and Krueger (2009) formulated the Triarchic first 15 days of being ordered, as were diagnoses of substance model consisting of three phenotypic expressions of abuse and psychosis. Implications for policy and practice are psychopathy: boldness, meanness, and disinhibition. Research discussed. has demonstrated how these constructs can be operationalized using psychopathy or personality measures (Brislin et al., Do Psycholegal Abilities Mediate the Relationship 2015; Drislane et al., 2015; Hall et al., 2014; Sellbom et al., in Between Psychiatric Diagnoses and Competence to Stand press). The goal of the current study was to develop scales to Trial Opinions? index the Triarchic constructs with items from the Michelle Stein, PhD – Florida State Hospital; Lisa Kan, PhD Computerized Adaptive Test of Personality Disorder – Static – Sam Houston State Univeristy; Craig Henderson, PhD – Form (CAT-PD-SF; Simms, 2013). The CAT-PD-Tri scales Sam Houston State University related to various criterion measures largely consistent with predictions based on the Triarchic model. Psychological research on competence to stand trial (CST) has examined relationships between (1) diagnoses and Development and Validation of Triarchic Psychopathy evaluator opinion of CST, (2) evaluator opinion and Scales from the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive psycholegal abilities (e.g. knowledge of charges, capacity to Personality (SNAP) testify), and (3) diagnoses and psycholegal abilities. The Jacomina Gerbrandij, MS – Fordham University; Laura present study adds to the literature by exploring the mediating Drislane, MS – Florida State University; Christopher Patrick, role of psycholegal abilities between diagnoses and CST PhD – Florida State University; David Bernstein, PhD – opinions through the examination of 119 CST Maastricht University reports. Present findings indicate deficits in psycholegal abilities mediated the relationship between psychotic According to the Triarchic model of psychopathy, the concept disorders and opinion of incompetence, but only among comprises three phenotypic constructs: boldness, meanness, unmedicated defendants. Results regarding psycholegal and disinhibition. This paper presentation will evaluate the abilities’ mediating role in the relationship between cognitive validity of using the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive disorder and opinion of incompetence is less clear. Personality (SNAP) to measure these constructs, in a sample of male forensic psychiatric patients. Candidate items for Communication and Competence for Self-representation inclusion in each scale were selected based on consensus Lea Johnston, JD – University of Florida Levin College of ratings of the items most representative of each scale. Law Psychometric properties will be assessed, as well as validity using external criteria. Finally, comparison of self-report and In Indiana v. Edwards, the Supreme Court held that states informant versions of the scales will be discussed, as well as may impose a higher competency standard for self- the implications of these findings. representation than to stand trial. In response, states have produced a patchwork of representational competence Development and Validation of an Inconsistent standards that supply varying degrees of guidance for forensic Responding Scale for the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure clinicians. This article assesses the constitutionality of those Elyse Mowle, BA – Texas A&M University; Shannon Kelley, standards and reveals that several consider communication MS – Texas A&M University; Brent Donnellan, PhD – Texas abilities in likely violation of the Sixth Amendment. It A&M University; John Edens, PhD – Texas A&M University; suggests revisions to state standards and offers a model, two- Shannon Smith, PhD – Francis Marion University; Dustin pronged approach to representational competence that would Wygant, PhD – Eastern Kentucky University; Martin Sellbom, withstand constitutional scrutiny and ensure that a defendant PhD – University of Otago has the necessary capacities both to control and conduct his defense. This work describes the development of an inconsistent responding (IR) scale for the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure 087. Triarchic Psychopathy (TriPM). Potential item pairs with correlations >0.35 were 9:15 AM to 10:35 AM selected from a sample of undergraduates (N=2,138) to create Chastain J a 16-item IR scale. We investigate the internal consistency

103 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - MORNING and criterion-related validity of this scale in two other Much of Stephen Bright’s work, including his litigation, has undergraduate and two correctional samples. Preliminary focused on capital punishment, representation for the analyses found significant correlations between the IR-16 indigent, and racial discrimination in the justice system, scale and NEO-PI-R Conscientiousness domain, as well as including two cases argued (and won) before the Supreme with existing scales measuring careless responding and Court on the topic of racial discrimination in jury composition inattention. Among undergraduates, IR-16 scores strongly – a third (Foster v. Chatman) is pending. As President of the differentiated between genuine respondents and randomly SCHR, Stephen Bright embodies the center’s mission to help generated TriPM profiles (AUC=.98). the less fortunate accused of crimes, facing the death penalty, or having their rights violated in jails or prisons. Neurocognitive Correlates of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure: Links to Response Inhibition, Executive 089. The AP-LS Time Machine Set to the 1970s: Forensic Functioning, and Affective Processing Psychology-and-Law’s First Generation Taylor Kutchen, BA – Eastern Kentucky; Dustin Wygant, PhD 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM – Eastern Kentucky University Chastain D

The current study investigated the associations between the Six forensic psychologists who began their careers in the triarchic domains of psychopathy (indexed via the Triarchic 1970s will tell us, in brief 10-minute “talks,” what the field Psychopathy Measure) and various neurocognitive correlates looked like at that time, and how they first glimpsed the known to be associated with psychopathy in a sample of 237 possibility of applying psychology to legal or forensic male inmates. Partial correlations were calculated between the issues. Without psychology and law training or mentors—in TriPM scales and various neuropsychological measures, some cases even before the advent of its journals—how did controlling for age. The results generally revealed expected they find their way into the profession? From whence came associations between meanness and affective dysfunction and the inspiration? Had it not come, the field of Psychology and disinhibition with poor executive function and response Law might have evolved somewhat differently, because each inhibition. Boldness was generally associated with better of the speakers developed ideas that influenced the field’s performance on the neurocognitive tasks. Implications of early development. Several of these talks offer guidance for these results in light of the broader triarchic model of students seeking to make their own professional choices while psychopathy will be discussed. finding their place in forensic psychology and law. This symposium aims, then, to help AP-LS keep the history Examining the Triarchic Psychopathy Scales from the alive. It also assures young AP-LS scholars and clinicians, Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) often facing ambiguities and uncertainties about their early Jessica Tylicki, BS – Eastern Kentucky University; Dustin career choices, that it was ever so, even among their mentors Wygant, PhD – Eastern Kentucky University; Katie Mooney, and those who helped form the foundation of the field. The BA; Alexandria Boswell, MA speakers (who waive blind review) are Stanley Brodsky, Mary Alice Conroy, Stephen Golding, Thomas Grisso, Patrick and colleagues (2009) developed the Triarchic model Ronald Roesch, and Richard Rogers. of psychopathy to integrate current and historic accounts of the disorder. The Triarchic model views psychopathy along Chair and Discussant: Thomas Grisso, PhD – University of three phenotypic, dimensional domains of Boldness, Massachusetts Medical School Meanness, and Disinhibition. The current study examined empirical associations between Triarchic scales derived for The 2-Way Psych-Law Time Machine: Looking at 1968 the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al., from 2016, and 2016 from 2064 2012) in a sample of 237 male inmates. The PID-5 Triarchic Stanley L. Brodsky, PhD – University of Alabama scales were examined in relation to other psychopathy relevant measures (Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, PPI-R- The concept of the psychology-law time machine uses the Tri, PPI-R, PCL-R, and SCID-II criteria for Antisocial present year of this presentation, 2016, as the lever from Personality Disorder). PID5-Tri scales converged as expected which to view psychology-law practice and knowledge in on these conceptually-related criteria. 1968, 48 years ago at the time of the founding of the American Psychology-Law Society. A parallel process 088. Plenary Session: Stephen Bright, Southern Center for projects 48 years into the future at how our present knowledge Human Rights and practices will be viewed by successors. A similar 10:45 AM to 12:15 PM conclusion is drawn much in the way current cellphone users Peachtree Ballroom pejoratively view half-century old telephones and current **Session Eligible for CE Credit** musicians views half-century old musical styles, composition, and performances. The retronyms of beliefs and methods will Chair: Jennifer Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University be presented and compared.

JUSTICE DENIED: Race, Poverty, Trauma, Mental The Evolution of Forensic Psychology in a Somewhat Impairments & Intellectual Disability in Capital and Hostile, Applied Setting Other Criminal Cases Mary Alice Conroy, PhD – Sam Houston State University Stephen Bright, JD – Southern Center for Human Rights

104 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON When I joined the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) in 1976, little guidance was available for practitioners wishing to 090. Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Hate, Prejudice, & interact with the courts or perform general services in keeping Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System: with the law. However, the 1984 Insanity Defense Reform Implications for Theory, Research, Policy and Practice Act brought sudden, major change to mental health services 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM within the BOP. Suddenly I was placed collaborating with Chastain E BOP legal counsel to establish new policies and procedures to **Session Eligible for CE Credit** bring the agency into compliance. This alliance with attorneys brought a whole new perspective to my practice and Adopting a public health perspective of prejudice, the contributed to new goals involving establishing policy, spear symposium highlights the theoretically-grounded perspectives heading training efforts, and ways to contribute to positive toward the goals of intervention and prevention. Drawing on change for individuals and for the social fabric. social psychological theory of sexual stigma, paper one evaluates highlights the unique vulnerability of bisexual and Reflections on Professional Choice non-traditional sexual minority females, as well as poor Stephen Golding, PhD – University of Utah mental health associated with stalking victimization

I describe professional choices that led me to psychology and Grounded in theories of implicit bias, paper two provides law. Reflecting on them, it seems that one’s core identity and empirical data on racial and gender disparities in school passions are formed early on, re-emerge throughout life, and discipline practices. Following contemporary conflicts should be cherished, contemplated and respected. They also between minority communities and the police, paper three suggest that a lot depends on minor pieces of luck and reports findings from a community survey showing direct serendipity that occur when one seizes the opportunities and positive effects of superordinate (majority) identity on takes the risks presented. willingness to cooperate with police, as well as varying effects of social identity and perceptions of police bias by Finding Your Way Without GPS ethnic subgroup. Paper four draws on philosophical and Thomas Grisso, PhD – University of Massachusetts Medical constitutional arguments, as well as blame attribution theory, SchoolStudents in forensic psychology practice and research to develop a multi-dimensional scale assessing attitudes can follow secure pathways charted by their toward hate crimes. The scale demonstrates construct and predecessors. They can travel those roads to their predictive validity with measures of prejudice and jury professional destinations, or they can branch off and create decisions, respectively. The final paper relies on theories new paths. In the 1970s, no roads led to a career in forensic sexual prejudice to explain preliminary experimental findings psychology and law. We branched off from the well-traveled concerning the successful utilization of the gay panic roads of clinical psychology and created the first paths to its defense. Our discussant, a well-regarded scholar in use in the legal arena. What we experienced can help law- psychology-law, brings to bare policy, practice and empirical psychology students today create their own paths that will implications. broaden forensic psychology and law. Chair: Robert J. Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University Perspectives from Within and Outside the Legal System Discussant: Monica Miller, JD, PhD – University of Nevada, Ron Roesch, PhD – Simon Fraser University Reno

My inspiration for doing research in psychology and law was Praying on the Vulnerable?: An Examination of Stalking based on personal experiences in the criminal justice system. Victimization and Mental Health by Sexual Orientation These experiences directly led to my interest in pursuing and Gender research in the legal system once I entered graduate school at Matt R. Nobles, PhD – University of Central Florida; Robert the University of Illinois and have guided me throughout my Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Tess Gemberling, career in psychology and law. MA – University of Alabama; Susan Wright, MA – National Coalition of Sexual Freedom; Li Eriksson, PhD – Griffith My Early Years in Forensic Psychology: Can It Be University Measured? Richard Rogers, PhD – University of North Texas Stalking literature is surprisingly sparse concerning the intersection of gender, sexual orientation and mental Although not cast as pioneers, forensic psychologists in the health. Employing a sample of 817 persons from a special 1980’s were confronted with unique challenges and population, the present study examined stalking victimization opportunities. As the field continues to mature, the next rates by sexual orientation and gender, as well as associations generation needs to reinvigorate their efforts to expand and with mental health. Results showed that lesbian and “other” explore new areas of forensic psychology. While briefly sexual minority females displayed the greatest rates and autobiographical, the talk’s goal is to examine our roots and a severity of lifetime stalking victimization. Lifetime stalking few enduring lessons that emerged from the early years of victimization was also directly associated with various clinical forensic psychology. Stated simply, the past has indicators of poor mental health, although no interactions with taught us to (a) “forget the easy road” because it only leads to gender or sexual orientation emerged. Implications for stigma mediocrity, and (b) “become utterly determined” in building theory and stalking research are discussed. something of value such as forensic assessment instruments.

105 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON Bias in the School-to-Prison Pipeline: Identifying hate crime perpetrators. Implications for theories of blame Vulnerable Decision Points for Racially Disproportionate attribution and prejudice, as well as hate crime policy, are School Discipline discussed. Erik J. Girvan, JD, PhD – University of Oregon; Keith Smolkowski, PhD – Oregon Research Institute; Kent The Gay Panic Defense: Legal Defense Strategy or McIntosh, PhD – University of Oregon; Rhonda Nese, PhD – Reinforcement of Homophobia in Court? University of Oregon; Robert Horner, PhD – University of Jenna Tomei, MS – Sam Houston State University; Robert Oregon Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Nancy Students who are disciplined are substantially more likely to Panza, PhD – California State University - Fullerton; Craig become involved in the criminal justice system, a Henderson, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Adam phenomenon known as the “school-to-prison pipeline.” Along Schmidt, PhD – Sam Houston State University the pipeline, racial disparities in school discipline are well documented. Psychological research on aversive racism could Gay panic defenses involve the defendant arguing for reduced help guide interventions by identifying when racial responsibility based on fear of a same-sex sexual advance. disproportionality is most likely. Using data from 1,666 Participants in the present study (n = 352 jury-eligible adults) elementary schools, we found support for a model of were asked to read vignettes depicting a control, gay panic vulnerable decision points in school discipline, including provocation defense, or gay panic insanity defense vignette, evidence of increased racial and gender disproportionality for and provide verdicts and ratings of blame/responsibility. subjectively-defined problem behaviors, especially at the end Verdicts and victim blame differed across vignette conditions, of the school day and for incidents classified as more severe. with an observed leniency effect when gay panic was claimed in either context. Ratings of responsibility only differed in the Police Bias, Social Identity, and Ethnicity: A provocation conditions. Results are discussed with respect to Theoretically-Informed Understanding of Cooperation sexual orientation-based prejudice, validity of the gay panic with Police defense, and trial strategy. Robert J. Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion University; Kristina Murphy, PhD – Griffith University; Kevin Waymire, MEd – 091. Attitudes toward Police Sam Houston State University; Julie Barkworth, BA – Griffith 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM University Chastain F

The present study investigated perceived police bias, ethnicity Chair: Margaret Reardon, PhD – Indiana University of and self-identification with different societal groups on Pennsylvania respondents’ intentions to cooperate with police. Drawing on Australian survey data (n = 1,272) from ethnic minority Policing the Police: Attitudes Towards the Militarization persons, the present study demonstrated: (1) large direct of Police positive effects of superordinate identity on willingness to Margaret Reardon, PhD – Indiana University of cooperate with police, (2) small to moderate effects of Pennsylvania perceived police bias on cooperation with police (positive for Vietnamese subsample; negative for Indian and Arabic This study examines perceptions of police behavior, subsamples), and (3) interaction patterns between subordinate specifically the militarization of police, and whether these identity, ethnicity and perceived bias. Findings are discussed perceptions are related to legal authoritarianism and support in the context of theories of crime, and implications for police for procedural justice. Undergraduate participants completed practice. a questionnaire that contained 45 items measuring perceptions of police, the Revised Legal Attitudes Questionnaire (Kravitz, Measuring Attitudes about Hate: Development of the Hate Cutler, & Brock, 1993), 7 items measuring procedural justice Crime Beliefs Scale (HCBS) (Colquitt, 2001), and demographic items. Results indicate Mollimichelle K. Cabeldue, Clinical Psychology – Fairleigh mixed feelings about police behavior. Legal authoritarian Dickinson University; Robert Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion attitudes interacted with participant experiences to predict University; Andre Kehn, PhD – University of North Dakota; perceptions of police, highlighting the importance of citizen- James Crosby, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Jeff police interactions. Procedural justice did not predict Anastasi, PhD – Sam Houston State University perceptions of police behavior.

The present study evaluated the nature of beliefs about hate Effective Assistance of Counsel? Defense Attorneys’ crime legislation, offenders and victims. Participants read one Perceptions of Police Interrogations of four hate crime vignettes and completed measures of Sara Appleby, PhD – Mercey University; Molly Duda – prejudice and blame attribution. Factor analyses resulted in Wheaton College four literature-supported subscales: Negative Views, Offender Punishment, Deterrence, and Victim Harm. Additionally, the This study surveyed defense attorneys (N = 50) and Negative Views subscale displayed predictive utility such that community members (N = 196) to assess perceptions of more negative views of legislation/minority group protection interrogation tactics and knowledge of key interrogation and were associated with elevated victim blame, as well as lower confessions issues. Participants rated 18 interrogation tactics perpetrator blame and sentencing length recommendations for for overall coerciveness, likelihood of eliciting a true

106 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON confession, and likelihood of eliciting a false the victim) compared to other ethnicities. Media did not play confession. Next they answered questions about Miranda a role. Data collection is ongoing. comprehension, police officers’ deception detection abilities, and distinguishing between true and false 092. Eyewitness Memory 2 confessions. Overall, compared to community members, 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM defense attorneys rated the tactics as more coercive and more Chastain G likely to elicit false confessions, and demonstrated greater knowledge of key issues (e.g. Miranda comprehension). Chair: Annelies Vredeveldt, PhD – VU Amsterdam

Witness Participation in the Criminal Justice System: Come Witness This Today in This Theatre: The Benefits Perceptions of the Legitimacy of Police and the Reporting of Co-Witness Discussion of Crime Annelies Vredeveldt, PhD – VU Amsterdam; Peter Van Rakel Larson, PhD – University of Calafornia, Davis; Steven Koppen, PhD – Maastricht University Clark, PhD – University of California, Riverside Legal psychologists have long warned about the dangers of Witnesses and victims often choose not to report crimes to co-witness discussion: eyewitnesses can contaminate each police. Two studies examined the relationship between other’s memory. However, the methodologies in previous attitudes regarding the legitimacy of police, expressed research were geared towards inaccuracy (e.g., a confederate willingness to report crimes, and actual crime reporting. introduces errors). In two experiments presented here, we Willingness to report varied depending on the specific examined naturalistic discussion between two witnesses conditions imagined and based on explicitly defined features across multiple interviews (with individual recall of the crime. The legitimacy-willingness relationship was opportunities before and after collaboration). In both studies, robust, regardless of whether respondents imagined the crime pairs of witnesses who collaborated remembered just as much features or were explicitly provided with them. Perceptions of as pairs who did not collaborate, but made significantly fewer the legitimacy of police were associated with willingness to errors (with large effect sizes, d > 100). This suggests that, report crimes, but not actual reporting behavior. Social and under some conditions, discussion between witnesses can be incident-specific factors were associated with the decision to beneficial rather than harmful. report. Eyewitness Choosing Behavior: The Role of Ecphoric Factors That Influence Perceptions of Police Officer Use Experience and Non-Memorial Cues of Excessive Force Caroline Perez, BS – Florida International University; Sara Melissa Baker, MA – Appalachian State University; Verne Oramas; Jennifer Youngblood; Brian Cahill, PhD – Florida Bacharach, PhD – Appalachian State University International University; Stephen Charman, PhD – Florida International University Participants viewed a brief staged video of a confrontation between a male or female police officer and a civilian. The The purpose of this study was to provide an initial test of a participants were then asked if the police officer had used novel lineup theory. Results provided support for the novel excessive force. Logistic regression analysis showed that lineup theory. First, the presence of a non-memorial cue ratings of excessive force were a function of police officer affected choosing behavior and the effect was dependent upon gender, participant prior arrest, and participant race/ethnicity. a witness’s ecphoric experience. Second, the presence of a Greater excessive force was associated with the male police cue differentially altered confidence judgments depending officer and participants with a prior arrest. White, Hispanic upon whether the cue corroborated or competed with their and African American participants had similar views of lineup decision. Third, witnesses took significantly more time excessive force. Asian and “Other” participants perceived when there was a non-memorial cue present in the lineup more use of excessive force than White participants. There compared to when there was no non-memorial cue. were no interactions. Implications will be discussed.

Can We Forgive Them?: Restoring Perceptions of Police Choose Your Words Wisely: What Verbal Hesitation After Race-related Misconduct Indicates About Eyewitness Accuracy Brigitte Bonaci, BA – Florida Institute of Technology; Ayanna Thomas, PhD – Tufts University; Thora Tenbrink; Vanessa Edkins, PhD – Florida Institute of Technology Leamarie Gordon

Police officers serve to enforce the law and protect citizens, Though unintentional, eyewitnesses may produce inguistic but as we’ve witnessed, possible incidents of officer markers (e.g., "um") when reporting on a witnessed misconduct may affect public perceptions of police. This event. The present study examined changes in linguistic study examines two types of police responses to these markers present in verbal reports in the context of a repeated incidents: apologize or deny, and two media sources: formal retrieval misinformation study. After witnessing an event an website or social media. Results supported the hypotheses that immediate retrieval group engaged in a free recall test trust and satisfaction are higher if police apologize for the associated with the event. The delayed retrieval group incident. Unexpectedly, participant ethnicity influenced completed a filler task. Following, all participants were evaluations: White participants showed higher trust, more presented with a post-event narrative that included neutral, satisfaction, and greater support for the officer (and less for consistent, and misleading details. Both groups then took two

107 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON free recall tests. We found that hesitations were influenced false positive errors on recognition memory tasks, processing by retrieval attempts and narrative information. speed tasks, and a visual memory task. The method described shows how PVT scores can be used in combination to Methods of Exploring Gist-based False Memories: DRM effectively discriminate credible and non-credible groups. & Picture Consistency Tasks Kathy McGuire, PhD – Western Illinois University; Denis Utility of MMPI-2-RF (Restructured Form) Scale Scores Chapan in Differentiating Personality Disorders in a Violent Offender Psychiatric Sample Various methodologies have been used to study the formation Martin Sellbom, PhD – Australian National University; Jaime of false memories. This study examined the relationship Anderson, MS – University of Alabama; Carly Pymont – between two methods (i.e., the DRM and a picture scene Australian National University; Wineke Smid – Forensic Care memory paradigm) known to produce false memories. Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Jan Kamphuis – Participants (N = 83) were asked to complete the DRM and a University of Amsterdam picture memory task. Findings were evaluated in relation to Fuzzy Trace Theory (FTT). Consistent with FTT, both The assessment of personality disorder (PD) is an important methods produced gist-based false memories. However, task for forensic psychologists, with four (Antisocial, inconsistent with FTT, false memories elicited by the DRM Borderline, Narcissistic, and Paranoid) being particularly task were not associated with false memories elicited by relevant to anger and violence (e.g., Howells, 2009). The picture scenes. current study examined the utility of hypothesized MMPI-2- RF scales in assessing these PDs in a male violent offender Type of Lie Differentially Influences Forgetting and False sample (n=178). Factor mixture modeling was used to model Memory naturally occurring latent classes representing symptomatic Rachel Dianiska, BS – Iowa State University; Sean Lane, vs. asymptomatic individuals for each of the PDs. Logit PhD – Louisiana State University; Daniella Cash, MA – regression analyses indicated that most of the hypothesized Louisiana State University MMPI-2-RF could differentiate their respective PDs from non-PDs. Implications for these results will be discussed. Research has shown that the type of lie a person tells can influence how well it is remembered. We manipulated A Short Tool for Screening Violence Risk in Adults with strength of the original memory, the type of lie (either a Mental Illnesses description or a denial), and the frequency of the lie (once or Joel Cartwright, BA – North Carolina State University; Sarah thrice) on the development of false memories for an Desmarais, PhD – North Carolina State University; Kiersten action. Denials were more frequently forgotten than Johnson, MS – North Carolina State University; Kevin fabricated descriptions. Furthermore, repetition increased Grimm, PhD – Arizona State University; Stephen Tueller, false memories of denied actions, but did not increase false PhD – RTI International; Marvin Swartz, MD – Duke memories of described actions. Our data also suggested that University Medical Center; Richard Van Dorn, PhD – RTI false memories resulting from denials were primarily International familiarity-based, but false memories of descriptions were more often recollected. Violence risk assessments are typically long, costly, and resource-intensive (Viljoen, McLachlan, & Vincent, 2010). A 093. Inpatient Assessments short, accurate, cost-effective, and easily administered screen- 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM out protocol could help identify those requiring more in-depth Chastain H violence risk assessments (Singh et al. 2012). To that end, a 5- **Session Eligible for CE Credit** item screening tool was developed and validated in a Swedish sample of schizophrenia patients. We examined the accuracy Chair: Sean Hornsby, MA – Alliant International University and clinical utility of this screening tool over 6- and 12- months in a heterogeneous U.S. sample of adults with mental A Comparison of the Performance of Non-credible illnesses (n=3,469). Results indicated limited support for the Patients and Credible Psychotic Patients on Cognitive accuracy and poor clinical utility of the 5-item screening tool Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) in our sample. Sean Hornsby, MA – Alliant International University; Kyle Boone, PhD, ABPP – Alliant International University; Challenging the Standard: A Multiple Regression Study of Annette Ermshar, PhD, ABPP – Alliant International Medication Adherence, Hospital Re-admission, and University Length of Stay for Inpatients with Psychotic Spectrum Disorders The purpose of this study was to identify specific Graham Danzer, Psychology Intern LCSW M-RAS – performance validity tests (PVTs) and/or combinations of Riverview Psychiatric Hospital/California School for tests to differentiate credible patients with psychosis against Professional Psychology (CSPP) – Alliant International non-credible patients feigning psychosis. Group comparisons University; Becca Barnett, PhD MS M.Div – California were computed on archival neuropsychological test data from School for Professional Psychology (CSPP)/Alliant 57 credible patients and 53 non-credible patients. Overall, the International University; David Sugarbaker, MS MPH – credible group outperformed the non-credible group on most PGSP Stanford University; Doug Cort, PhD – John George tests, but groups did not differ on several executive scores, Psychiatric Hospital

108 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON Lesley Zannella, BA – Ryerson University; Jennifer Eno The purpose of this study was to determine whether there Louden, PhD – University of Texas at El Paso; Patrick were predictor relationships between medication adherence, Kennealy, PhD – Travis County Community Supervision and hospital readmission, symptom severity, and length of Corrections; Tamara Kang, MA – University of Texas at El stay. We conducted multiple regression analyses' on the four Paso variables utilizing an archival data sample of 178 inpatients with psychotic spectrum disorders. All three hypotheses were The Massachusetts Youth Screening Inventory-Second disconfirmed (p ≤ .05). A small sample size and measuring Version (MAYSI-2; Grisso & Barnum, 2006) has been widely adherence according to diagnosis limits our findings, though adopted by juvenile justice agencies to screen for adolescents diagnosis also accounts for patient self-report, as well as who have a mental health problem. Because Latinos are an clinical observations from recent and remote history. overrepresented yet under-researched group in the juvenile Medication adherence might not be the primary determinant justice system, we sought to explore the generalizability of the of outcome for this population. Further study with a larger MAYSI-2 for Latino youth. A series of confirmatory factor sample size is needed. analyses (CFA) were conducted with a sample of 472 Latino juvenile offenders. Results suggest that models for both males Predicting the Length of Hospitalization for Restoration and females fit adequately, which lends support to the of Competency to Stand Trial Using the MMPI-2-RF MAYSI-2’s generalization to Latino adolescents. Laura Grossi, MA – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Debbie Green, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Brian Belfi, A Community-Based, Post-Arrest Diversion Program for PsyD – Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center First-Time Youthful Offenders: Who Participates, What Must They Do, and Which Factors Predict Program Patient characteristics, including psychiatric diagnosis (e.g., Outcomes? psychotic disorder) and externalizing problems, are associated Amanda NeMoyer, JD, MS – Drexel University; Elizabeth with extended time for restoration of competency to stand Gale-Bentz, BA – Drexel University; Erin Sue Giles – Drexel trial. The present study evaluated whether scores produced by University; Lisa Harvey, JD – Philadelphia District pretrial defendants on MMPI-2-RF scales assessing problems Attorney's Office; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University with thought dysfunction and externalizing behaviors were likewise associated with length of hospitalization for Across the country, youth diversion programs allow arrestees competency restoration. Findings suggest that scores on BXD, to avoid formal justice system processing in exchange for THD, JCP, and PSYC-r scales differentiate hospitalized and compliance with several conditions. However, if youth fail to discharged patients at two months; no scales predicted comply, they could face adjudication. As a result, it is restoration status over longer time periods. Contrary to important to evaluate these programs to identify trends and hypotheses, scores on RC4, RC8, AGG, and DISC-r scales ensure diversion goals are met. This study examined records were not associated with hospitalization length. from 939 youth diversion program participants to investigate predictors of program success. Logistic regression and chi- 094. Juveniles in the System square results revealed a significant relationship between 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM program outcome and three distinct factors related to the Chastain I conditions imposed and the initiating offense. Implications, **Session Eligible for CE Credit** limitations, and future research will be discussed.

Chair: Amanda NeMoyer, JD, MS – Drexel University Exploring Disproportionality Trends in Responses to Juvenile Probation Violations: Juvenile Probation Trauma Informed Treatment and Juvenile Justice: What Violations Contextualized We Know and Where to Go Meret Hofer, MA – University of Virginia; Tammi Walker, Sheresa Christopher, PhD MA – University of Virginia; Victoria Mauer, MA - University of Virginia; N. Dickon Reppucci, PhD – University of Rates of trauma exposure in justice-involved youth are Virginia drastically higher than in the general population. Complex trauma is a concept used to describe a more severe and Black youth are more likely to be arrested, detained, chronic symptom presentation related to the experience of prosecuted, incarcerated or transferred to the adult criminal multiple traumatic events often interpersonal and occurring system compared to White youth (Puzzanchera, Adams, & early in life. While cognitive behavioral interventions for Hockenberry, 2012). Previous research on disproportionate trauma in this population have began to emerge in the minority contact has focused primarily on law enforcement literature, the effectiveness of such programs is in need of contact, arrest and sentencing; only limited progress has been further study. The state of research regarding complex trauma made in examining disproportionality after sentencing. Our and evidence-based treatment with a focus on justice-involved study addresses this gap by examining disproportionality youth is discussed. The importance of systems engagement within the context of juvenile probation violations by: 1) and interdisciplinary collaboration is highlighted. examining racial disproportionality in the number of probation violations among juveniles, and 2) exploring Confirmatory Factor Analyses of the Massachusetts contextual factors that may drive trends in juvenile probation Youth Screening Inventory- Second Version (MAYSI-2) violations numbers. Among Latino Adolescent Offenders

109 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON Adolescent Plea Bargain Decisions Erika Fountain, MS – Georgetown University; Jennifer Does Death Qualification Standard Matter?: An Analysis Woolard, PhD – Georgetown University of Mock Juror Decision-Making Matthew West, University of Nevada, Reno; Christine Abilities associated with accepting a plea bargain were McDermott, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Jena Garrick; assessed among 233 detained and community-based youth Emily Wood – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica Miller, and young adults as part of a larger study on adjudicative JD, PhD - University of Nevada, Reno competence. Participants answered questions regarding their (1) ability to understand the legal rights that are waived when Jury selection for death penalty cases is unique in that it accepting a plea bargain and (2) their ability to identify and includes a “death qualification” process in which prospective weigh the consequences (positive and negative) associated jurors are probed concerning their feelings toward the death with accepting a plea offer. Results indicate younger penalty, and whether or not their feelings would interfere with adolescents struggle to understand what it means to plead their ability to serve as jurors. The purpose of the current guilty and the rights waived as a result of accepting a plea study was to assess the relationship between death bargain. Implications for policy and practice will be qualification standards and mock jurors’ endorsements of discussed. evidence and verdicts. Results from the current study suggest that death qualification, regardless of the standard employed, 095. Death Penalty is related to sentencing verdicts; however, only the Witt 1:30 PM to 2:50 PM standard is related to evidence endorsement. Numerous Chastain J implications are addressed. **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Substance-Themed Mitigation and Juror Decision-Making Chair: Jessica A. Boyle, MA – The University of Alabama in Capital Case Sentencing Jessica Boyle, MA – The University of Alabama; Stanley Jurors' Use of Genetic and Environmental Evidence as Brodsky, PhD – The University of Alabama Mitigation in Death Penalty Trials Natalie Gordon, BA – University of Colorado, Colorado This study explores how jurors utilize defendant Springs; Edie Greene, PhD – University of Colorado, biopsychosocial variables during the sentencing phase of a Colorado Springs capital trial. Research shows certain mitigating factors, like substance abuse, cause a "backfire effect." This means Data indicate that the low-activity MAOA gene and a history contrary to the defense's intention, jurors consider the of child maltreatment make people more likely to commit information aggravating. Previous studies have neglected the violent acts. Given the wide discretion that defense attorneys impact of expert testimony. Ideally, an expert imparts have in presenting mitigating evidence during capital cases, knowledge so jurors are more informed in their decision- we expect this genetic-environmental (G X E) interaction will making. However, such testimony may exacerbate the be admitted into evidence in the future. This study examined backfire effect by underscoring unfavorable factors. In the whether this G X E interaction might mitigate sentencing (i.e., present study, mock jurors exposed to expert testimony in a make jurors less likely to sentence the defendant to death) hypothetical case were significantly less likely to choose the during capital trials. Preliminary analyses reveal that this death penalty, regardless of whether the defendant abused evidence may in fact function as mitigation: none of the mock substances. juries presented with the G X E evidence sentenced the defendant to death. The Influence of Defendants’ Immigration Status and Ethnicity and Mock Jurors' Political Orientation on A Life for a Life: Religious Beliefs Predict Mock Jurors’ Sentence Outcomes in a Death Penalty Trial Weighing of Aggravating and Mitigating Circumstances Mauricio Alvarez, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica and Death Penalty Sentences Miller, PhD, JD – University of Nevada, Reno; Jordan Clark, Logan Yelderman, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica MA – University of Nevada, Reno Miller, JD, PhD – University of Nevada, Reno In the United States, increases in immigration and the growth Jurors’ religious beliefs are related to death penalty decisions in Latino population highlight the importance of (Bornstein & Miller, 2009); however, previous research has understanding the influence of ethnicity and immigration not addressed this relationship in the context of weighing status on jurors’ decision-making. Using the justification- aggravating and mitigating circumstances. This study suppression model of prejudice as basis, this mock-jury study examined the relationship between mock jurors’ religious investigates the influence of a defendant’s ethnicity and legal beliefs and death penalty sentencing decisions, mediated by status in the context of a death penalty trial. Defendant’s evaluations of aggravators and mitigators. Results suggest that immigration status interacts with mock jurors’ political only religious fundamentalism predicted a lower likelihood of orientation to influence punishment decisions, such that choosing a life sentence over the death penalty. This greater conservatism is generally related to greater relationship was mediated by the weighing of aggravators and punitiveness unless the defendant is a documented immigrant. mitigators, such that fundamentalist beliefs were negatively This relationship is mediated by jurors’ evaluation of associated with the endorsement that mitigators outweigh mitigators and aggravators. aggravators. Implications are discussed.

110 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON 096. Female Offenders perceived malleability of the offender’s sexuality and 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM punishment. Participants perceived a feminine (versus Chastain D masculine) lesbian has having a less fixed sexuality, which in **Session Eligible for CE Credit** turn predicted punishment leniency. In contrast, participants perceived a gay boy has having an equally fixed sexuality and Chair: Sabrina Jennings, MA – Fairleigh Dickinson were equally punitive, regardless of appearance. University Antecedent Variables of the Female Youth Bully DSM-5 Section III PDs: Do Impairment Criteria Add Sabrina Jennings, MA – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Incrementally to Dimensional Personality Traits in the Laura Grossi, MA – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Raina Prediction of Forensically-Relevant PDs in a Correctional Lamade, PhD – Fairleigh Dickinson University; Jessica Setting? Dalrymple; Robert Prentky, PhD - Fairleigh Dickinson Chelsea Sleep, MS – University of Georgia; Dustin Wygant, University PhD – Eastern Kentucky University; Dennis Deeken, BS – Eastern Kentucky University; Joshua Miller, PhD – Bullying a form of aggressive behavior is now considered a University of Georgia major public health problem among youth. Unfortunately, there remains a paucity of research regarding the antecedent The DSM-5 Alternative model of personality disorders variables of bullies. In order to inform future interventions it includes consideration of personality impairment as well as is critical to examine factors that may influence the dimensional personality traits. While numerous studies have development of a bully. The current literature appears to be illustrated the ability of dimensional trait models to capture saturated with knowledge regarding males, this study aims to personality psychopathology, less attention has been paid to provide the needed information for females. The preliminary the role of personality impairment, particularly in the DSM-5 results reveal significant differences between chronic bullying Alternative model. The current study utilized a sample of 200 behavior as opposed to occasional bullying behavior, female inmates and found that personality impairment did not specifically in regards to living situation, abuse, global add incrementally to personality traits in the prediction of adjustment and juvenile psychiatric history. antisocial, psychopathic, and borderline personality disorder symptoms. The exception was narcissistic personality 097. Confession Research 1 disorder symptoms, where the impairment added 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM incrementally. Chastain E

What’s the Difference? A Comparison of the MSI II Chair: Katherine Luecht, BS – University of Alabama in Protocols of Male and Female Sexual Offenders Huntsville Emily Mackelprang, MA – University of Arizona; Judith Becker, PhD – University of Arizona Opinions on Secondary Confession Evidence: A Survey of Lawyers and Laypeople In contrast to male sexual offending, the phenomenon of Katherine Luecht, BS – University of Alabama in Huntsville; female sexual offending has only recently garnered empirical Kylie Key, MA – University of Oklahoma; Kimberly attention. Speculations regarding potential similarities and Dellapaolera; Brian Bornstein, PhD – University of differences between these two groups have rarely been Nebraska-Lincoln; Stacy Wetmore, PhD – Royal Holloway, subjected to empirical scrutiny. Similarly, there has been University of London; Jeffrey Neuschatz, PhD – University of limited examination of intra-group differences among female Alabama in Huntsville sexual offenders. While myriad actuarial assessments have been developed for use with males, similar measures for Despite Supreme Court safeguards to protect defendants from females are practically non-existent. One notable exception is inaccurate secondary confessions, research shows that these the Multiphasic Sex Inventory II (MSI II), an instrument with safeguards do not sensitize jurors to factors that may indicate both male and female forms. The present study analyzed, a false secondary confession. Because secondary confessions compared, and contrasted the MSI II protocols of 300 male are so persuasive, we surveyed laypeople (students and and female adult sex offenders. community members) and lawyers for their opinions and underlying beliefs regarding secondary confessions. Results Leniency Toward Lesbians: Perceptions of Femininity revealed significant differences between lawyer and layperson and Sexual Malleability Affect Punishment of Juvenile Sex opinions on most statements, with lawyers agreeing more Offenders with limiting the use of secondary confession evidence and Sarah Malik, BS – Arizona State University; Jessica Salerno, laypeople indicating significantly less sensitivity to PhD – Arizona State University information that may indicate an unreliable confession.

We investigated support for sex offender registration for gay Effects of the Putative Confession Instruction on juvenile offenders, depending on their gender and appearance. Perceptions of Child Veracity Participants read about a gay-male or lesbian juvenile charged Jennifer Gongola, Graduate Student – University of with aggravated sexual assault for having oral sex with a peer, California; Nicholas Scurich, PhD – University of California, and viewed a photograph depicting either a feminine-looking Irvine; Thomas Lyon, JD, PhD – University of Southern or masculine-looking offender. They completed measures of California; Jodi Quas, PhD – University of California, Irvine

111 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON The Value of a Victim: Investigating Race Salience, The putative confession instruction (PC) increases true Defendant Race, and Victim Race on Juror Decision- disclosures in children, but will adults perceive those Making in Canada disclosures as suggestive? Participants judged children’s Evelyn Maeder, PhD, MLS – Carleton University; Susan honest and deceptive statements concerning possible toy Yamamoto, MA – Carleton University; Laura McManus, MA breakage. PC increased credibility of all denials (true and – Carleton University false negatives) and moderately decreased credibility of confessors (true positives) compared to interviews without We investigated the effects of defendant and victim race on PC. Additionally, PC did not affect participant’s ability to Canadian juror decision-making, alongside a potential differentiate between true or false statements. Overall, moderator: the salience of racial issues at trial. Results participants were highly accurate when judging the veracity of revealed that in non-race-salient conditions, when the confessors (true positives), but they were near chance when defendant was White, there was no effect of victim race on judging honest deniers (true negatives) and below chance verdict. When the defendant was Black, the Aboriginal- when detecting liars (false negatives). Canadian victim yielded the most convictions, but when he was Aboriginal-Canadian, conviction rates were highest when The Mr. Big Technique: Mock-Juror Evaluations of the victim was White. There were no significant effects in the Defendant Character, Confession Evidence, and race-salient conditions. Results also suggest online samples Judgments of Guilt might not differ meaningfully from in-person ones, supporting Christina J. Connors – Saint Mary’s University; Marc Patry, the viability of Mechanical Turk in jury research. PhD – Saint Mary's University; Steven Smith, PhD – Saint Mary's University Jury Diversity Increases Leniency and Motivation to Reach a Fair Verdict for African-American -- but Not Mr. Big is a Canadian undercover investigation technique. White – Defendants Suspects are drawn into a fictitious criminal organization. Liana Peter-Hagene, MA – University of Illinois at Chicago They participate in staged crimes and are paid for their “work.” Eventually they are told they must confess to Mr. Diversity has been found to have both positive and negative Big. The present research examined mock-juror perceptions effects on group decisions. In a mock-jury study with White of Mr. Big defendants, evaluations of confession evidence, participants, jury diversity composition was manipulated by and verdicts. A sample of primarily undergraduate students (N including White or African-American juror-confederates, and = 270) participated in a web-based mock trial. Manipulated defendant race (White, African-American) was manipulated variables included the level of monetary incentive, and the via arrest photographs. Jurors on mixed-race juries were more level of violence in the undercover operation. Incentive was motivated to reach a fair verdict and more lenient when they significantly related to mock-juror judgments of guilt and judged a Black, versus White defendant; jurors on all-White ratings of defendant independence. juries were equally motivated and punitive, regardless of defendant race. Results support modern racism theories by Dispositional vs. Situational Attributions for a Confession showing that diversity on juries helps those who need it most: Skye Woestehoff, MA – University of Texas at El Paso; minority defendants. Christian Meissner, PhD – Iowa State University Diversity's Impact on the Quality of Jury Deliberations We investigated the psychological processes jurors engage in Amanda Bergold, MA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; when evaluating a confession. Specifically, we investigated Margaret Kovera, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal whether jurors’ attributions for the confessor’s motivation are Justice affected by interrogative pressure and expert testimony, and whether these attributions affect verdicts. Manipulative or Participants viewed strong or weak trial evidence and then coercive interrogation techniques led jurors to believe the deliberated in diverse or racially homogenous juries. The defendant confessed because of a situational motivation, homogenous juries were either composed of all White mock which led jurors to acquit. Interrogations without these jurors or all Black mock jurors. Diverse juries displayed techniques led jurors to believe the defendant confessed greater sensitivity to evidence strength than did either type of because of a dispositional motivation (i.e., guilt), which led homogenous jury. Deliberating in diverse juries can improve jurors to convict. Expert testimony led jurors to make a jurors’ ability to evaluate the evidence compared to when they situational attribution for the confession, thus leading jurors to deliberate in homogenous juries. Diversity benefitted both acquit. majority group and minority group members in terms of improving evidence evaluation. 098. Jury Decision Making and Race 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM 099. Show-ups Chastain F 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM Chastain G Chair: Amanda N. Bergold, MA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice Chair: Stacy Wetmore, PhD – Royal Holloway, University of London

112 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON The Suggestiveness of Showups: An Effect of Kylie Key, MA – University of Oklahoma; Stacy Wetmore, Administration or Base Rate Beliefs of Guilt? PhD – Royal Holloway: University of London; Jeffrey Melissa Kavetski, MA – Florida International University; Neuschatz, PhD – University of Alabama in Huntsville; Scott Steve Charman, PhD – Florida International University Gronlund, PhD – University of Oklahoma; Daniella Cash, MA – Louisiana State University; Sean Lane, PhD – The goal of the current study was to examine two factors Louisiana State University surrounding the main criticism of the showup procedure. Specifically, whether showups are suggestive because visual Two potential postdictors of eyewitness accuracy, confidence cues indicative of guilt during administration (i.e., presenting and response latency, were examined in lineups (fair and the suspect to the witness in handcuffs) or because witnesses biased) and showups. ROC analyses indicated that lineups infer that the police believe the suspect to be guilty. were superior to showups and calibration curves revealed that Preliminary results suggest that the increased false showup witnesses were overconfident, particularly at high identification rate produced by showups (compared to levels of confidence. In addition, response latency alone was lineups) is not simply the consequence of presenting a single able to postdict suspect identifications when the target was person to a witness, but is at least partly the result of present but not absent. Interestingly, there was no accuracy suggestiveness per se. difference between lineups and showups when only the fastest and most confident responders were analyzed, suggesting that Lineups Are Better Than Showups but Filler Siphoning Is this combination of postdictors may be useful for legal Rarely the Reason practitioners. Stacy Wetmore, PhD – Royal Holloway, University of London; Scott Gronlund, PhD – University of Oklahoma; Cautionary Instructions in Single- and Multiple-Showup Jeffrey Neuschatz, PhD – The University of Alabama in Procedures Huntsville; Ryan McAdoo, BA – University of Oklahoma Andrew Smith, PhD – Iowa State University; R. C. L. Lindsay, PhD – Queen's University; Gary Wells, PhD – Iowa State Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis has been University; Tiffany Myerson – Queen's University endorsed over the diagnosticity ratio by a National Academy of Sciences committee. However, this conclusion has not been We examined the use of a revised may-or-may-not uniformly accepted. We explore two arguments made by admonition and additional-opportunities instructions in opponents of ROC analysis: a) that the response structure of single- and multiple-showup procedures. Telling participant- ROC analysis is inappropriate for assessing discriminability, eyewitnesses that, if they did not believe the suspect was the and b) that filler siphoning is responsible for performance culprit, they would have additional opportunities to make an differences between lineups and showups. With the use of the identification decreased innocent suspect identifications over WITNESS model, we demonstrate that the response structure and above the may-or-may-not admonition. The additional argument proposed by Wells and colleagues (2015a) induces opportunities instruction also increased the proportion of only shifts in response bias, and that filler siphoning rarely eyewitnesses who identified the culprit from the fourth explains the superior performance of lineups. showup. Taken together with research on backloading, the present research suggests that the extent to which an The Effect of Post-Identification Feedback on Showup eyewitness perceives opportunities to identify the culprit as Identifications limited is an important theoretical and practical consideration. Kylie Key, MA – University of Oklahoma; Stacy Wetmore, PhD – Royal Holloway: University of London; Daniella 100. Ethics and Practice Cash, MA – Louisiana State University; Jeffrey Neuschatz, 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM PhD – University of Alabama in Huntsville; Scott Gronlund, Chastain H PhD – University of Oklahoma **Session Eligible for CE Credit**

This study examined post-identification feedback (PIF) Chair: Gianni Pirelli, PhD – Private Practice NJ/NY effects on witness retrospective self-reports and, for the first time, included showups and a designated innocent The Use of Internet-Based Data in Forensic Contexts: An suspect. Participants watched a mock crime video, made an Investigation of Professional Attitudes and Practices identification decision, and were given feedback confirming Gianni Pirelli, PhD – Private Practice NJ/NY; Sara Hartigan, that they had made the correct decision or no feedback. We BA – John Jay Gianni College of Criminal Justice; Patricia found no differences in the magnitude of PIF effects between Zapf, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Randy lineups and showups, or between target present and target Otto absent procedures. However, confirming feedback created a situation where witnesses who have identified the innocent Published commentary has only just begun regarding the use suspect are more confident, more likely to testify, and more of Internet data in forensic psychological contexts (i.e., believable to jurors when testifying--a situation that the legal Estoup, Pirelli, & Otto, 2015; Pirelli, Estoup, & Otto, 2015), system must avoid. and empirical studies have yet to be conducted. This study is the first, as we have investigated the attitudes and practices of Confidence and Response Latency as Postdictors of students and professionals regarding the use of Internet data. Witness Accuracy in Lineups and Showups The results are wide-ranging, but it is apparent that there is great uncertainty about such use, and most believe there is a

113 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON lack of professional guidance regarding these issues. With roots in taxing labor, criminal punishment in the Implications for research, practice, and policy will be Western world has undergone numerous developments in discussed. accordance with changing societal views, leaving the current position of corrections in the United States somewhere in Information Sharing, HIPAA and Justice Involvement: A between punishment and rehabilitation. The massive influx in National Review of State Statutes the number of mentally ill within the current prison system Victoria Pietruszka, BA – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, and their diverse array of psychological needs regarding PhD – Drexel University substance addiction, trauma history, and comorbidity indicate a great need for mental health professionals. The problems of The Health Information Portability and Accountability Act negotiating the demands of the correctional environment with (HIPAA) was enacted in 1996. It has since undergone the ethical principles that govern psychologists are discussed amendments, and has been modified regarding application at and future implications explored. the state level. Innovations in service delivery that have expanded considerably since 1996 involve diversion from 101. Forensic Program Evaluation standard criminal prosecution into alternatives such as 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM problem-solving court and specialized probation or Chastain I parole. The present study involved a national review of state **Session Eligible for CE Credit** statutes relevant to HIPAA and the sharing of behavioral health information between criminal justice and mental health Chair: Christopher M. King, MS, JD – Drexel University entities for individuals who are justice-involved. Program Evaluation: Addiction Severity Index (ASI) Ignorance of the Law: Conflating Tarasoff and the Brianca Smith, BA – University of Denver-Graduate School Reporting of Past Crimes of Professional Psychology; Neil Gowensmith, PhD – Catherine Young, JD, MA – Palo Alto University; Wendy University of Denver; Laura Meyer, PhD – University of Packman; Janice Habarth; Ben Bizar-Stanton Denver; Lavita Nadkarni, PhD – University of Denver

Since Tarasoff (1974), there have been few studies focused on Individuals with alcohol and drug dependency and who have psychologists’ understanding of the scope of mandated received a DUI are sentenced to the Multiple Offender reporting guidelines. Many have mistakenly believed that Program (MOP) in Colorado. Prior to beginning the program, they owed a duty to warn of their patients’ past crimes an Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is administered to each (Goldman & Gutheil, 1994), a legal concept known as client. The ASI addresses the following domains: Medical, misprision of felony. This study surveyed 43 California Alcohol, Drugs, Psychiatric, Family/Social, Employment, and psychologists to explore their understanding of their Legal. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to explore obligations when presented with a patient’s past criminal differences in ASI scores between three client groups: Current behavior. Results showed that approximately 30% were Clients, Successful Completers, and Non-Completers. Results unaware of their legal duties, and 48% would seek ethical of the analyses revealed significant differences between and/or legal consultation. These findings demonstrate the Successful Completers, Current Clients, and Non-Completers. need for further education and training in mandated reporting. An Examination of the Relationship Between Good Lives From the Nuremberg Code to the APA’s Hoffman Report: Model Goods and Antisocial Behaviours Forensic Experts and “Do No Harm”? Danielle Loney, BA – Ryerson University; Leigh Harkins, Diane Tennies, PhD, LADC, LLC; Dana Prescott, JD, MSW, PhD – University of Ontario Institute of Technology PhD – Prescott, Jamison & Murray Law Group This study examines the utility of the Good Lives Model In this program, the authors will explore the complex ethical (GLM) (Ward & Stewart, 2003) in understanding the and legal challenges when forensic psychologists act as antisocial behaviour of students, exploring primary human experts in child custody litigation. The particular challenge good endorsement, and the relationships between offending for forensic psychologists, when providing professional and secondary human good use. Participants in this study services as evaluator or consultant, is balancing fidelity to complete a questionnaire assessing their goods (Measure of science and research with an adversarial system designed to Life Priorities) and a Self-Report of Offending, to facilitate allocate child custody in a high volume of cases. The analysis surrounding the relationship between offending and vulnerability of parents and children, across demographic and the GLM. SES differences, presents a unique challenge for forensic psychologists when trying to translate social science research The Impact of Risk–Need Assessment Feedback on to judges and families caught in child custody conflict within Offenders’ Subsequent Reentry Performance the compression imposed by courts. Christopher M. King, MS, JD – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, PhD, ABPP – Drexel University; Ralph Fretz, PhD Ethical Concerns and the Role of Psychologists in the – Community Education Centers United States Correctional System Larissa Edwards, MA – University of Akron; Anjni Patel, MA Previous research has suggested that criminogenic risk–need – University of Akron assessment feedback can increase offenders’ motivation for behavior change. The present study evaluated whether receipt

114 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON of such feedback, or increases in motivation or agreement Chair: Margaret C. Stevenson, PhD – The University of with an evaluator’s appraisal of risk and needs, was associated Evansville with subsequent reentry performance (behavioral problems Discussant: Bette Bottoms, PhD – The University of Illinois at while in a reentry assessment facility, halfway house failure, Chicago and rearrest). Results revealed that feedback recipients, and feedback recipients who showed relevant gains, were not Effects of a Mother's History of Mental Illness on Child significantly distinct from others on any outcomes. We Custodial Decisions discuss the results in light of past research, suggest future Taylor Wornica – The University of Evansville; Emily Denne directions for research, and conclude with implications for – The University of Evansville; Margaret Stevenson, PhD – practice. The University of Evansville

A Court Education-Based Competence Attainment We experimentally manipulated a mother’s history of Program for Juveniles: Nature and Success depression in a child custody dispute context. The mother was Shelly Jebens, PsyD – Hamilton County Juvenile Court; portrayed as having lost custody of her child due to drug Kathleen Hart, PhD – Xavier University abuse and neglect, but making progress toward regaining child custody. Participants were less likely to give the mother The last 20 years have seen an increase in questioning with a history of clinical depression full custody of her child, juveniles’ competence to proceed (CTP) in juvenile courts, as compared to the mother without a history of clinical leaving some juvenile courts faced with large numbers of depression, because they felt less similar, empathic, and juveniles who have been opined not competent to proceed sympathetic towards the mother with a history of depression, (NCTP). This, in turn, has called for efforts to assist juveniles and believed her to be a less capable parent. in attaining the ability to meet the CTP (Dusky) standard. In this presentation, we will present information about the Understanding Child Custodial Decisions: Implications content and structure of a court education-focused attainment from Stereotype Content Model program in which 187 juveniles found NCTP have Emily Denne – The University of Evansville; Taylor Wornica participated over a seven-year period. The success rate of the – The University of Evansville; Margaret Stevenson, PhD – most recently offered version of the program (80%) exceeds The University of Evansville that of published studies. The present study applies Stereotype Content Model (Fiske et 102. Predictors of Child Custodial Case Outcomes: al., 2002) in a novel context – understanding child custodial Implications From Experimental and Archival Research decisions. Participants read a vignette depicting a mother who 3:00 PM to 4:00 PM lost custody of her child due to neglect but who is making Chastain J attempts to regain custody. Supporting Stereotype Content **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Model, the more participants perceived the mother to be cold and incompetent, the less likely they were to recommend she The stakes are high for parents and children in child be given custody of her child – an effect significantly dependency cases. Temporary child removal, adoption, and mediated by believing she is an incapable parent. parental rights termination carry substantial emotional impact. Thus, it is vital to understand predictors of legal decisions in Effects of Sexual Orientation and Parental Suitability on dependency court contexts. Yet, controlled experimental Commitment to Parenting Beliefs in LGB Adoption research in this context is limited. This symposium comprises Scenarios an empirical exploration of predictors of dependency court Alicia DeVault, MA – University of Nevada, Reno; Monica decisions, utilizing both controlled experiments, as well as Miller, PhD – University of Nevada, Reno ecologically valid data from actual dependency cases. In Study 1, participants were less likely to recommend child This 2(couple: suitable, unsuitable) X 4(heterosexual, lesbian, custody for a mother with a history of depression (versus gay, bisexual) experiment investigated perceptions of LGB without)–an effect mediated by affective attitudes toward the couples’ parental commitment. Two theories were used to mother (empathy, sympathy), and cognitive attitudes inform this work: the normative window of prejudice and the (believing she is an incapable parent). Supporting Stereotype justification-suppression model of prejudice. The sample Content Model, Study 2 reveals that as perceived maternal consisted of both MTurk workers and students. Results warmth and competence increase, recommendations that she indicated that sexual orientation did not affect perceptions of be granted child custody also increase–effects mediated by commitment when the couple was suitable; when the couple believing she is a capable mother. In Study 3, participants was unsuitable, heterosexuals were seen as being less perceived LGB couples as more committed adoptive parents committed than the other sexual orientations. More research is than heterosexuals, reflecting social desirability concerns. In needed to determine if this applies to other sexual orientations Study 4, greater judicial engagement of parents involved in (e.g., transgender). actual custodial cases predicts greater relative placements (versus stranger-foster placements) and placement timeliness. Relationships Between Quality of Hearing Indicators, A leading expert in children, psychology, and law will serve Child Placements, and Juvenile Dependency Case as discussant. Outcomes Lorie Sicafuse, PhD – National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges; Alicia Summers, PhD – National

115 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges; Stephanie Results advance understanding of how children disclose (or Macgill, MA – National Council of Juvenile and Family Court fail to disclose) the transgressions of others. Judges Children's Expressions of Uncertainty During Direct- and The quality of hearings in juvenile dependency cases has been Cross-examinations implicated as a factor that may promote positive outcomes Samantha Andrews, BA - University of Cambridge; Elizabeth among involved children and families. This research Ahern, PhD – University of Cambridge; Michael Lamb, PhD examined relationships between measured aspects of early – University of Cambridge (initial) hearing quality and case processes and outcomes using samples obtained from several western U.S. This study investigated the effects of lawyers’ questions on jurisdictions. Analyses revealed that judicial engagement of uncertain responses (e.g., “don’t know/remember) in 67 5- to parents was positively related to relative or parent placements 17-year-olds’ testimonies in sexual abuse cases in Scotland. (as opposed to stranger foster care placements). In addition, Don’t know/remember responses were more common in court both the breadth of key topics covered and parent engagement than in forensic interviews. The “don’t know/remember” during the initial hearing significantly predicted parents’ ground rule was administered rarely. Children responded to presence at hearings, number of services ordered, and case defence lawyers with more uncertainty than to prosecutors. outcomes. There was no difference between the proportions of uncertain responses elicited by questions focusing on peripheral and 103. Child Memory and Interviewing central content. More research is needed to determine why 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM children respond with uncertainty. Chastain D **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Children’s Use of Memory Editing Strategies in the Misinformation Paradigm Chair: Jennifer Gongola, Graduate Student – University of Kara Moore, MA – University of Arkansas; James Lampinen, California, Irvine PhD – University of Arkansas; David Gallo, PhD – University of Chicago; Ana Bridges; Alyssa Whitley; Eryn Detecting Deception in Children: A Meta-Analysis Adams Jennifer Gongola, Graduate Student – University of California, Irvine; Nicholas Scurich, PhD – University of We examined how children use memory editing strategies, California, Irvine diagnostic and disqualifying monitoring, to reject false episodic memories. Disqualifying monitoring involves This meta-analysis sought to synthesize the extant literature searching memory for something that disqualifies the examining whether adults can detect deception in children and occurrence of something else. Diagnostic monitoring included 48 relevant studies with 8,166 adult participants involves comparing the expected vividness of a memory to making judgments and 2,638 children providing true and false the actual vividness to determine whether something statements. The average overall mean percentage correct was occurred. First and third graders completed a misinformation 57.41%, which measured as a medium-sized effect (d = paradigm. Source, distinctiveness, and misinformation were 0.414). Accuracy rates were higher when adults classified manipulated within-subjects. We found that both age groups children’s honest statements (M = 62.45%) and lower with were able to use recollection rejection to reject an erroneous deceptive statement (M = 48.1%). Effect sizes were not source but third graders did this at higher rates when they moderated by professional status, children’s ages, judgment knew the source of the event. confidence, lie type or paradigm type. These findings indicate that adult’s abilities to detect deception in children is 104. Confession Research 2 mediocre. 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Chastain E The Effects of Age and Maternal Supportiveness on Children’s (Non)-Disclosure Strategies Chair: Jenna Kieckhaefer, PhD – California State University, Christina Perez - Florida International University; Allison Fresno Mugno, MS – Florida International University; Fernando Alvarez – Florida International University; Lindsay Malloy, Juror Perceptions of False Confessions versus Witness PhD – Florida International University Recantations Paula Bernhard, MA – Sam Houston State University; Understanding how children disclose wrongdoing is critical Rowland Miler; Robert Cramer, PhD – Old Dominion for determining ways to elicit their truthful disclosures in University; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State legal contexts. We examined the effects of age and maternal University supportiveness on the strategies used by 6- to 9-year-olds to disclose an adult’s transgression (e.g., breaking a puppet). False confessions and witness recantation statements are Children tended to avoid disclosure until asked focused conceptually similar in that someone makes a statement and questions, and often minimized the seriousness of the later retracts it, but they differ in the person revoking the transgression. Children with supportive mothers were more statement—the defendant versus a 3rd party. The current likely to spontaneously mention the puppets, and younger study aimed to identify differences in juror perceptions of the children were more likely to use minimization strategies. legitimacy of false confessions versus witness recantations,

116 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON and also took contextual influences (coercion and crime participants performed similarly to the general population on severity) and individual differences into account. Results the Miranda Quiz. Reading ability, but not intellectual showed that, in particular, false confessions were judged more functioning, was positively correlated with comprehension of harshly than witness recantations, and that contextual factors Miranda rights. These preliminary results suggest that the and individual differences did not significantly influence jury common police practice to present Miranda warnings in decision-making in these cases. Implications for application written English is potentially inappropriate for signing Deaf of this research are discussed. individuals.

Building Rapport During Suspect Interrogations: Can 105. Juror Emotions and Attitudes Rapport Improve the Diagnosticity of Confessions? 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Daniella Villalba, PhD – Pittsburg, PA; Lindsay Malloy, PhD Chastain F – Florida International University Chair: Kayla A. Burd, MS – Cornell University Investigative interviewing guidelines recommend building rapport with both witnesses and suspects. However, studies Disgust, Anger, and Cats: The Role of Emotions in Jurors’ have yet to isolate the effect of rapport on confession Verdicts decisions. The present study examined whether building Kimberly Schweitzer, MS – University of Wyoming; Victoria rapport during an interrogation can improve the diagnosticity Estrada-Reynolds, MA – University of Wyoming; Elizabeth of confession evidence. Trained interviewers built rapport (or Ferguson, MS – University of Wyoming; Narina Nunez, PhD not) with guilty or innocent participants. Then, all participants – University of Wyoming were accused of breaking a key study rule and asked to sign a confession. Results indicate that building rapport did not Research has shown that disgust and anger are related and can affect confession decisions. However, exploratory analysis influence jurors’ decisions. The current study sought to revealed that guilty participants who confessed experienced extend previous work and manipulated type of disgust to higher levels of rapport than guilty participants who did not examine its impact on verdicts. Participants who read about a confess. defendant who committed a morally disgusting act were more likely to find him guilty compared to a defendant who Getting Them to Talk: Does Rapport-building Increase committed a physically or no disgusting act. This effect was Individuals’ Likelihood to Share Secret Offenses and qualified by a significant mediation, such that moral disgust Speak to the Interviewer? led to more disgust, which led to more anger which led to Jenna Kieckhaefer, PhD – California State University; more guilty verdicts. Results support previous findings that Deborah Sanchez – Florida International University; disgust alters jurors’ decisions. Katherine Kendrick, MS – Florida International University; Stephen Ross, PhD – University of Washington, Tacoma; Emotion, Morality, and Juror Decision-making Jonathon Vallano, PhD – University of Pittsburgh, Kayla Burd, MS – Cornell University; Stephen Ceci; Jessica Greensburg; Nadja Schreiber-Compo, PhD – Florida Salerno, PhD – Arizona State University International University The current study explored the impact of gruesome trial Gaining an informant’s willingness to share personally evidence (gruesome photos vs. non-gruesome images) and damaging facts can yield critical investigative information, an investigated possible interventions against the extralegal bias important yet unexplored area of research. The current study associated with such photos utilizing different methods of investigates the impact of building rapport on the cognitive training (holistic, analytical, or control). In addition, interviewee’s willingness to share a transgression, and to the impact of jurors’ disgust sensitivity and Moral better understand its influence on the interaction. Specifically, Foundations Theory were examined in relation to juror participants either experienced rapport or no rapport prior to decision-making. Analyses revealed that jurors’ experiences being asked to share a wrongdoing they had previously been a of several emotions were related to verdict. The moral part of or committed. Results indicate that rapport increases foundations and jurors’ post-trial emotions were significantly interviewee’s willingness to disclose a transgression, the correlated to case-related judgments. Further, evidence amount of words the interviewee uses and the amount of time gruesomeness and the moral foundations were significantly the interviewee speaks. associated with jurors’ post-trial emotions.

Comprehension of the Miranda Warnings in the Signing The Dual Effects of Emotion Suppression on Jurors’ Deaf Community: A Pilot Study Memory, Racial Bias, and Negative Emotion Elizabeth M. G. Romero, MA – Gallaudet University; Liana Peter-Hagene, MA – University of Illinois at Chicago; Lawrence Pick, PhD – Gallaudet University Jessica Salerno, PhD – Arizona State University

There is limited research examining the administration of Courts instruct jurors to make dispassionate decisions, yet Miranda warnings to deaf people, and the few studies routinely expose them to disturbing emotional evidence. In examined translation of the English-based Miranda warning response, jurors might engage in emotion regulation, text into American Sign Language (ASL). The current pilot especially attempts to suppress emotions. We found that study examined Deaf signers’ comprehension of these rights emotion suppression instructions impaired jurors’ memory for using a standardized written English measure. Ten deaf case facts, but that suppression also had the desirable effects

117 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON of reducing racial bias in verdicts and reducing negative emotions in general–perhaps because jurors suppressed In recent research, witness identifications justified by a facial negative feelings toward a Black defendant along with other feature that appeared not to discriminate between lineup negative emotions. The results highlight the importance of members reduced perceived confidence ratings, but developing optimal emotion-related jury instructions that justifications that appeared discriminative were rated similarly reduce bias without impairing jurors’ memory. to a confidence-only statement. This suggests participants assume optimal witnessing conditions for highly confident An Investigation of the New Media and Conscientiousness witnesses who do not provide additional corroboration. To in Relation to Attitudes About Jury Service test this hypothesis, participants made judgments about the T. Richelle Lyon, PhD, JD – Argosy University presumed witnessing conditions (e.g., amount of attention) for witness statements that varied with respect to lineup type and In an online survey, 104 jury-eligible adults reported attitudes justification. Although judgments were influenced by about jury service/ instructions regarding the need to refrain context, participants do appear to assume optimality for from exposure to extrajudicial information (JS). Also highly confident witnesses. measured were: Conscientiousness (CS), social media use integration (SMUI), and media and technology usage and Are Eyewitnesses’ Verbal Confidence Statements Related attitudes (MTUA). Chi-square test statistics were calculated to Identification Accuracy? and indicate a very strong relationship between JS, SMUI, Laura Smalarz, PhD – Williams College; Gary Wells, PhD – MTUA and aspects of conscientiousness like dutifulness and Iowa State University; Yueren Yang, MS – Iowa State cautiousness. This suggests that the efficacy of jury selection University and instructions may be increased by tailoring language to account for this relationship, and that courts may harness the This research examined the extent to which eyewitnesses’ power of social media to promote fair trials. verbal confidence reports are related to eyewitness- identification accuracy. Accurate and inaccurate eyewitnesses 106. Factors Influencing the Evaluation of Witness provided confidence statements in their own words and in Identification Testimony percentage form (order counterbalanced). A new sample of 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM participant-evaluators were then randomly assigned to listen Chastain G to, read a transcription of, or read a summary of the eyewitnesses’ verbal confidence statements and provide an Testimony about eyewitness identification is weighted heavily estimate of each witness’ numeric confidence. Evaluators’ by jurors (e.g., Cutler, Penrod & Dexter, 1990), but the extent numeric estimates of eyewitnesses’ verbal confidence to which the format of reporting or accompanying contextual statements were significantly related to identification information influences their evaluation has received much accuracy and, surprisingly, this relation was not moderated by less attention. The papers in this symposium discuss research the modality in which the verbal confidence statements were that has implications for how jurors interpret eyewitness presented. identification evidence presented in court. The first paper reports that participants’ judgments of witness confidence and More than Words: The Effect of Context on Interpreting accuracy are influenced by the extent to which an Confidence Statements accompanying justification seems credible in light of an Daniella K. Cash, MA – Louisiana State University; Sean accompanying lineup. The second paper describes research Lane, PhD – Louisiana State University demonstrating that evaluators’ interpretations of witnesses' verbal confidence reports are significantly related to Following an identification, witnesses are asked to provide a eyewitness-identification accuracy. The third paper discusses confidence statement to help jurors assess witness credibility. work that finds that eyewitness confidence statements and Dodson and Dobolyi (2015) argued interpretation of verbal accompanying contextual information influence assumptions confidence is influenced by the diagnosticity of the features a that evaluators make about the conditions faced by the witness uses to justify their identification. Two studies witness during (e.g., amount of attention) and after a revealed participants reduced their ratings of confidence when crime. The final paper compares the impact of viewing statements were justified using a facial feature that was shared suggestive and non-suggestive video-recorded identification by lineup members, but not when the feature was on participants’ judgments of witness accuracy, and find that unique. Additionally, participants confounded their although they are able to identify biased procedures, these judgments of witness confidence and accuracy, even when procedures made participants think that mistaken witnesses making separate ratings; suggesting that people integrate were accurate. contextual information when interpreting witness confidence. Implications are discussed. Chair: Daniella Cash, MA – Louisiana State University Discussant: Deah Quinlivan, PhD – Florida Southern College Bias Inflates Belief: Perceptions of Video-Recorded Identification Procedures Giving a Witness the Benefit of the Doubt: Confidence Jennifer L. Beaudry, PhD – Swinburne University; James and Context Influence Assumptions about Witnessing Sauer, PhD – University of Tasmania; Gabrielle Blanksby, Conditions PostGrad Dip – Swinburne University of Technology Daniella K. Cash, MA – Louisiana State University; Sean Lane, PhD – Louisiana State University

118 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON Presenting video-recorded identification procedures in court scientific and expert testimony, has become particularly may improve jurors’ sensitivity to eyewitness accuracy when important. However, little is known about judges’ best-practice procedures are used; however, little is known perceptions of forensic science evidence and—of particular about how people interpret evidence obtained from suggestive interest to the psychology-law community—how they procedures. Participants (N = 53) viewed eight genuine compare to perceptions of common forensic mental health eyewitness identifications (half accurate) obtained from a assessments (FMHA). This session presents results from a best-practice procedure (double-blind with fair lineups and survey that asked state court judges about their experiences unbiased instructions) or extremely biased procedure (single- with, and the perceived credibility of, forensic science and blind administration with foil, clothing, and instruction forensic mental health evidence biases). Despite rating the biased procedure as more suggestive than the best-practice, evaluators’ did not show Contextual Effects in Forensic Science Analyses: A Meta- sensitivity to eyewitness accuracy or general skepticism; Review instead, compared to best-practice, viewing identifications Daniel Murrie, PhD– University of Virginia Institute of Law, obtained from suggestive procedures diminished Psychiatry, and Public Policy; Sharon Kelley, JD, PhD – discrimination. University of Virginia Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Public Policy; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State 107. Improving Forensic Science: Contributions from University Psychology 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM The National Academy of Sciences (2009) warned that Chastain H contextual influences bias most common forensic science **Session Eligible for CE Credit** techniques. This study attempted to meta-analyze the 12 experimental studies exploring context effects in forensic The recent National Academy of Sciences (NAS, 2009) science procedures. Results from individual studies ranged report revealed substantial problems in forensic science: e.g., from no effects to large effect sizes. Ultimately, the unreliable, biased techniques and misleading communication experiments proved so diverse in terms of study design, and of scientific evidence. But the NAS report also sparked so small in sample size, that traditional meta-analytic widespread reforms, to which psychology has much to procedures were not appropriate. Rather than revealing clear contribute. This symposium presents new psychological quantitative conclusions, our review revealed specific needs research on forensic science evidence, particularly the ways in for rigorous experiments that yield externally valid which courts understand such evidence. conclusions, comparable across studies, to shed light on contextual influences in forensic sciences. Session #1 presents survey results from judges who shared their perceptions of forensic scientific evidence (e.g., How Jurors Evaluate Fingerprint Evidence identifying which techniques they consider most and least Brandon Garrett, JD – University of Virginia School of Law credible). Session #2 reviews (quantitatively and qualitatively) experiments examining contextual biases in Fingerprint examiners communicate their findings in a variety forensic science. These experiments shed some light on the of ways, and this session will present research on how these contextual effects that bias scientific evidence, but raise more communication approaches influence how jurors understand questions than answers, identifying crucial questions for fingerprint evidence. Results and implications for accurate subsequent research. Session #3 presents a research program and effective communication by fingerprint examiners, exploring how jurors understand fingerprint evidence including ways of qualifying examiners’ conclusions, will be presented by forensic scientists. Despite the ubiquity of discussed. This session will also present works in progress fingerprint evidence in courts, this research is the first to extending this research to examine the prior weight that explore how communication approaches influence how jurors laypeople and lawyers attach to forensics. Finally, this body understand fingerprint evidence. Our goal for this symposium of research will be situated in the context of policy is to share new contributions from psychology to forensic recommendations that have begun to address the need for science, and prompt further research in forensic science scientific standards concerning conclusions and testimony in among psychology and law scholars. forensic science.

Chair: Sharon Kelley, JD, PhD –University of Virginia 108. Balancing Perspectives: A Collaborative Approach to Institute of Law Reducing Disproportionate Minority Contact Discussant: Tess Neal, PhD – Arizona State University 4:10 PM to 5:10 PM Chastain I Judges’ Perceptions of the Credibility of Forensic Science **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Evidence Sharon Kelley, JD, PhD – University of Virginia; Daniel This symposium will describe reform aimed at addressing Murrie, PhD – University of Virginia Institute of Law, disproportionate contact between minority youths and law Psychiatry, and Public Policy enforcement. For the past ten years, Philadelphia’s Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Working Group Forensic sciences have received increasing scrutiny following has developed and implemented an intervention that brings the National Academy of Science’s 2009 report. In the wake together community youths and law enforcement. This effort of this report, the role of judges as gatekeepers, screening represents years of collaboration between community

119 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON stakeholders, law enforcement, and justice system leaders. through a structured facilitator training program and ongoing The DMC intervention is being disseminated state- and mentoring for new trainers. The DMC trainings have been nationwide and is subject to ongoing empirical evaluation. facilitated with more than 3000 officers and offer a valuable tool to improve relationships between youth and law The first talk in this symposium, presented by Philadelphia’s enforcement and enhance de-escalation skills. Deputy Police Commissioner, a member of the DMC working group, will discuss how DMC issues impact policing, It Starts With “Hello”: The Effectiveness of the community policing efforts, and training of police recruits Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Youth/Law sensitive to DMC issues. Enforcement Curriculum in Changing Youths’ Attitudes and Beliefs The second talk, presented by a senior trial attorney in the Suraji Wagage, BS, BA – Drexel University; Stephanie Juvenile Unit of the Defender Association of Philadelphia and Singer, MS – Drexel University; Elizabeth Gale-Bentz, BA – board member of the DMC Youth/Law Enforcement Drexel University; Madeline Barry – Drexel University; Corporation, will describe the development process, Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University components, and delivery of the DMC curriculum, integration of this curriculum with training of police recruits, and future This third symposium talk will describe changes in youths’ of DMC trainings and dissemination. attitudes and beliefs from pre- to post-participation in the Pennsylvania Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) The third and fourth talks, presented by researchers, will Youth/Law Enforcement Curriculum trainings. The trainings review findings related to changes in the attitudes, knowledge, bring together police recruits and community youths to foster and skills of youths and law enforcement who participated in between-group understanding and perspective-taking and DMC trainings. provide youth opportunities to acquire de-escalation skills and learn safe methods of responding to perceived police Chair: Suraji Wagage, BS, BA – Drexel University misconduct. Initial results revealed significant positive Discussant: Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University attitudinal shifts in beliefs that relationships between police and youths can be improved, with youth reporting 21st Century Policing to Address Disproportionate significantly greater likelihood of engaging in pro-social Minority Contact (DMC) in One of the Nation’s Largest interactions with police in their neighborhoods; 95% of Cities youths found the intervention to be helpful. Kevin Bethel, MS – Philadelphia Police Department; Stephanie Singer, MS – Drexel University; Lindsey Cole, PhD Not All Youth Are Bad: The Effectiveness of the – Drexel University; Haley Simon – Drexel University; Naomi Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) Youth/Law Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University Enforcement Curriculum in Changing Police Officer Recruits’ Attitudes and Beliefs This first presentation in a symposium on addressing Stephanie C. Singer, MS – Drexel University; Suraji Wagage Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) will discuss DMC – Drexel University; Erin Sue Giles – Drexel University; from the perspective of law enforcement. Specifically, the Mark Houck – Drexel University; Maggie Corcoran – Drexel presentation will describe how one DMC initiative, the University; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University Pennsylvania DMC Youth/Law Enforcement Curriculum, aligns with the recommendations of the Final Report of the This fourth talk in the symposium describes results from 113 President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing (2015), police officer recruits who attended a DMC Youth/Law particularly with respect to building trusting relationships Enforcement Curriculum training. Pre- and post-training, between law enforcement and community members, engaging recruits anonymously completed surveys regarding attitudes the community to decrease crime rates, and training and and beliefs about youth. Recruits were significantly more educating officers. The importance of employing a likely to say post-training that relationships between police community policing framework grounded in trauma-informed and youth can be improved and that they have a role to play in care practices and procedural justice principles will also be keeping youth out of the justice system. Recruits also were described. significantly more likely to report they would engage in effective communication behaviors, such as approaching The Pennsylvania DMC Youth/Law Enforcement youth differently than adults. Policy and practice implications Curriculum will be discussed. Rhonda McKitten, JD – Defender Association of Philadelphia; Suraji Wagage, BS, BA – Drexel University; José Loya – The Pennsylvania DMC Youth/ Law Enforcement Corporation; Corey Fedorowich – Drexel University; Naomi Goldstein, PhD – Drexel University

Pennsylvania’s DMC Youth/Law Enforcement Curriculum was created to improve relationships between youth of color and police through open dialogue and training on adolescent development, trauma, and effective interactions with youth. The program has been expanded to multiple jurisdictions

120 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON 110. Race and Legal Decision Making Pre-adjudication Detention of Juveniles: Examining the 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM Interplay of Detention Assessment Instruments, Race, and Chastain D Gender Victoria Mauer, MA – University of Virginia; Tammi Walker, Chair: Scott E. Culhane, PhD – University of Wyoming MA; Meret Hofer, MA; N. Dickon Reppucci, PhD – University of Virginia Anger and Aversive Racism: Mock Juror Decisions in a Capital Trial Many states have implemented the use of risk assessment Victoria Estrada-Reynolds, MA – University of Wyoming; instruments to provide standardized procedures to ensure Narina Nunez, PhD – University of Wyoming; Karlee fairness in juvenile detention decisions. Research must Provenza, BA – University of Wyoming; Stephanie Castro, BA question how factors like race and gender impact the – University of Wyoming implementation of such assessment instruments. Our study addresses this question by studying the relationships between Race salience in a criminal trial has been shown to decrease assessment instruments, race, gender, offense severity, and racial discrimination against African American defendants, as detention decisions. We conclude by offering salience reminds people to act according to their egalitarian recommendations for further research on contextual and beliefs. However, experiencing anger during a criminal trial social factors that might further illuminate reasons for can result in more punitive decisiosn for the defendant. Anger disparity in the juvenile justice system. was examined in conjunction with race salience to determine whether it would reverse the neutralizing effects of race 111. Morality and Moral Judgments salience. Preliminary results (N = 54) for Study 1 replicated 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM previous findings of race salience. Upon completion of Study Chastain E 1, Study 2 will investigate the effects of anger on aversive racism. Chair: Sara Cowan, MA – Ryerson University

Aversive and Modern Racism: Examining Different Types Moral Foundations and Capital Juror Decision-Making of Prejudice in a Mock Juror Setting Matthew West - University of Nevada; Emily Wood – Victoria Estrada-Reynolds, MA – University of Wyoming; University of Nevada; Monica Miller, JD, PhD – University Kimberly Schweitzer, MS – University of Wyoming; Elizabeth of Nevada, Reno Ferguson, MS – University of Wyoming; Scott Freng, PhD – University of Wyoming The present study investigated the relationship between mock capital jurors’ moral foundations (i.e., the extent to which Aversive racists are described as people motivated to act in individuals consider fairness, authority, purity, harm, and ways consistent with their egalitarian beliefs and will ingroup loyalty in their moral decision-making) and their discriminate if race is not salient to them, whereas modern verdict certainty and endorsement of statutory aggravating racists are expected to discriminate when they can justify their and mitigating circumstances in the sentencing phase of a behavior through the conservative values they endorse. capital trial. Fairness and authority were significantly related Although researchers have distinguished between these two to verdicts; harm and purity were significantly related to profiles, we do not know whether they differ in their decision endorsement of mitigating circumstances. The moral making in a juror context. Participants (N = 304) read a crime foundation model did not significantly account for variation in scenario where defendant race, race salience, and justification endorsement of aggravating circumstances. Implications for of the defendant's actions were manipulated. Results indicate legal decision-making and suggestions for future research are differing patterns of bias among modern and aversive racists. discussed.

Police Shootings and Body Cameras: One Year Post- The Best Defense Is Still Strong Evidence: Alibi Moral Ferguson Desirability, Alibi Evidence Strength, and a Comparison Scott Culhane, PhD – University of Wyoming; John Boman; of Canadian and American Samples Kimberly Schweitzer, MS – University of Wyoming Sara Cowan, MA – Ryerson University; Tara Burke, PhD – Ryerson University Police departments across the country have rapidly begun implementing the use of body cameras to document their Participants (N = 300) from Canada (Toronto) and the United interactions with the public. Previous research has shown that States (Iowa) read about a fictitious murder investigation. The body camera footage was viewed positively before, but moral desirability of the alibi activities and quality of the negatively following, the Ferguson, MO shooting of Michael corroborating evidence were manipulated. Participants rated Brown. In this study, participants watched, heard, or read the alibi, incriminating evidence, and likelihood of suspect about a police shooting involving a man with a weapon. guilt, then were asked to sign a petition supporting the Results indicated that judgments of the shooting’s suspect. Stronger corroborating evidence helped the suspect justification were returning to those seen before the Ferguson more than weaker evidence; Iowans were more trusting of the incident. When participants could see the event unfold, they suspect than Torontonians; and only Iowans were influenced were significantly more likely to judge the shooting was by the moral desirability of the alibi activities. Thus, alibi justified compared to the previous study. evidence strength remains paramount and researchers should not assume generalizability of findings.

121 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON testimony and psychopathy perceptions are influenced by Lesser Punishments for Attempted Victimless Crimes expert testimony. These findings illustrate the impact of Undermine Harm Explanation for Attempt/complete stereotypes in the courtroom and have implications for the Distinction in Moral Judgments inclusion of testimony that may activate them. Kristopher Smith, MA – University of Pennsylvania; Robert Kurzban Criminal Responsibility in Canada: Mental Illness Stigma Education and the Insanity Defense Penal codes and lay judgments assign less punishment to Susan Yamamoto, MA – Carleton University; Kristin attempted crimes than completed crimes. One explanation for Fenwick; Evelyn Maeder, PhD, MLS – Carleton University this is that attempts only risk harm, which is less than actual harm, and therefore are punished less. If true, the Canadian jury eligible participants (N=360) were provided attempt/complete distinction would be absent for victimless with health education (mental illness vs. irrelevant), and legal crimes, in which the amount of harm in both cases are the education (not criminally responsible on account of mental same. In a within-subjects design, and replicated in a disorder [NCRMD] vs. irrelevant), then read a fabricated between-subjects design, participants assigned less NCRMD trial in which we manipulated the defendant’s punishment to attempted victimless crimes than completed mental illness. For a defendant with major depression, counterparts. Thus, the difference in harm is not sufficient to NCRMD education elicited greater mental illness stigma. If explain the attempt/complete distinction. Implications for paired with mental illness education, exposure to NCRMD legal judgments in general are discussed. education related to increased likelihood of a guilty verdict when the defendant had major depression. This study shows Covering Your Tracks: The Influence of Coaching and that mental illness education might nonetheless be useful for Moral Stories on Children’s Lie-telling for Another trials involving schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Karissa Leduc, BA – McGill University; Sarah Yachison, PhD on SES. candidate - McGill University; Victoria Talwar, PhD – McGill University Power of Persuasion: Examining Backstage Behaviors of Criminal Mock-Jury Deliberations The current study investigated children’s (4 to 7 years) Shannon Zimmerman, BA – Justice Studies Program; Lindsey susceptibility to adult coaching and the influence of moral Cole, PhD – Drexel University; Ellen Cohn, PhD – University stories on their tendencies to keep a secret about another’s of New Hampshire wrongdoing. Results showed that extensively coached children were more likely to keep the secret than those who This study investigates what is happening behind the closed were lightly coached or not coached. However, children who doors of jury deliberations. Participants (n=156) in 26 six- were read a story about the benefits of telling the truth were person juries watched a videotape of a robbery of a less likely to maintain their secret. Finally, an interaction convenience store. Transcripts from 26 jury deliberations between children’s susceptibility to coaching and moral were coded to determine the characteristics of jury stories was influenced by their age and impacted their lie- conversation. Participants were asked which members they maintenance. Implications for legal professionals are identify as the leader and/or the most influential member of discussed. the jury. The most common characteristics of jury conversations were participants’ opinions. The best 112. Juror Decision Making and Risk Assessment predictors of leaders and influential people were negotiating 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM questions. The implications for understanding how juries Chastain F deliberate are discussed. **Session Eligible for CE Credit** Does Risk Assessment Exacerbate Socioeconomic Chair: Jennifer Skeem, PhD – University of California – Disparities in Sentencing? Berkeley Haley Arganbright, University of California – Berkeley; Mukti Patel, BA – University of California – Berkeley; Psychopathy Stereotypes in the Courtroom: The Jennifer Skeem, PhD – University of California - Berkeley; Association Between Stereotypes, Perceptions of Expert John Monahan – University of Virginia Law School Witness Credibility, and Sentencing Decisions Megan Kopkin, BS – University of Alabama; Jennifer Cox, One way to begin unwinding mass incarceration without PhD – University of Alabama compromising public safety is to use risk assessment instruments in sentencing. Although these instruments figure The present study examined the relationship between lay prominently in current reforms, there are concerns that perceptions of psychopathy, perceptions of expert testimony, benefits in crime control will be offset by costs in social and sentencing decisions in a capital trial. Participants justice—i.e., a disparate and adverse effect on racial reported their psychopathy perceptions, and subsequently minorities and the poor. In the present study, 212 judges and reviewed a vignette of a capital case which either included or attorneys were given one of four written case vignettes in did not include expert testimony. Participants sentenced the which the defendant’s socioeconomic status and the presence defendant, rated the expert’s credibility, and again reported of risk assessment were manipulated. The results suggest that their psychopathy perceptions. Results suggest prior beliefs risk assessment does not exacerbate any sentencing disparities concerning psychopathy influence perceptions of expert based

122 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON people perceive these policies. Guided by Regulatory Fit and 113. Law and Health Cultural Cognition theories, we conducted three studies to 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM examine people’s experiences and reactions to being nudged Chastain G as well as trust in institutions purportedly instituting such **Session Eligible for CE Credit** nudges. Results indicated mixed support for various nudges, and, as hypothesized, individual characteristics predicted Therapeutic Jurisprudence (TJ) focuses on the law’s impact public support and trust. Findings may inform government on well-being and considers the law (rules of law, procedures, agencies and lawmakers initiating nudge policies. legal actors) as an institutional force that can produce therapeutic or anti-therapeutic consequences (Wexler & Improving Mental Health during Professional Education: Winnick, 1996). Whereas TJ has traditionally been applied to An Empirical Investigation of Mental Health in Law mental health issues, this symposium represents one of the Students and Medical Students first scholarly applications of TJ as a tool that can affect the Krystia Reed, JD, MA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; physical health of those in contact with the legal system. The Brian Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska- first paper tests whether laws aimed at reducing obesity result Lincoln; Amy Smith, MLS – University of Nebraska–Lincoln in intended or unintended effects on health-related behaviors. The second assesses how the public perceives the Attorneys suffer from high rates of stress, alcoholism, and government’s use of “nudge-based” policies to influence mental health problems that are costly for the legal system health choices. The third examines how legal education, and impair their abilities to serve their clients. The present compared to medical education, affects overall health and study investigated whether these problems begin in law what law schools might do to improve the health of students school by measuring students’ reported levels of stress, and future legal actors. And the fourth addresses psychiatric depression, anxiety, substance use, and overall advance directives (PADs) as legal tools to reduce the adjustment/coping. We compare results of law students with severity and consequences of future mental health crises on those of medical students, who are embarking on an equally physical and mental health. Finally, an eminent demanding profession. We then discuss how law school can psychology/law scholar will lead us through a thought- be used to improve mental health of law students. provoking discussion of these issues and will solicit audience member perspectives as time permits. Implementing the Use of Psychiatric Advance Directives Heather Zelle, PhD, JD – Department of Public Health Chair: Lindsey Wylie, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska, Sciences, School of Medicine; Richard Bonnie, LLB – Juvenile Justice Institute University of Virginia School of Law; Jeffrey Swanson, PhD – Discussant: Edie Greene, PhD – University of Colorado, Duke University School of Medicine; Cynthia Elledge, PhD – Colorado Springs University of Virginia School of Law

Attributional Framing Effects of Blame-based Obesity Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal tools that Law have the potential to reduce the frequency and severity of Krystia Reed, JD, MA – University of Nebraska-Lincoln consumers’ mental health crises, thereby decreasing the use of Eve Brank, JD, PhD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln coercive interventions and criminal justice involvement. Despite promising research, implementation Obesity is a public health concern and law-makers are has been slow, and implementation in usual care settings has challenged with implementing effective laws. This study not yet been studied. The current study examines how PADs tested whether laws that blame people who are obese can be promoted at the system-level. Data from 67 initial contributed to behaviors congruent to the law’s intent. After consumers who completed PADs indicated strong interest but reading one of three laws that varied by legislative intent inconsistent knowledge and implementation blame-language, participants more often choose the stairs practice. Implications of these findings for the over the elevator and take a gym flyer following the implementation of legal changes to health care practice will individual-blame framed policy than the other two policies. be discussed. Policy type did not affect food consumption, taking additional snacks, internalization of stigma, or negative emotions. 114. Not Taking the Bait: An Experiential Workshop on Results indicate that these types of policies may have short- Expert Testimony term effects on health outcomes. 5:20 PM to 6:20 PM Chastain H To Approach Good Choices or To Avoid Bad Choices? **Session Eligible for CE Credit** How ‘Nudge’ Policies affect Public Trust and Policy Support Chairs and Discussants: Joel A. Dvoskin, PhD – Private Tess Neal, PhD – Arizona State University; Lindsey Wylie, Practice; Stanley L. Brodsky, PhD – University of Alabama JD, PhD – University of Nebraska-Omaha The presenters are experienced expert witnesses who have “Nudges”–small changes in choice architecture–exert written and presented extensively on ethical and effective powerful effects on behavior. Governments have taken notice expert testimony. This entertaining and interactive workshop and nudge-related laws and policies have been developed to will demonstrate good and bad ways to respond to hostile and influence citizens. However, little is known about how disrespectful cross-examination, using (often hilarious)

123 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON examples provided by the presenters and the audience. and meditative techniques to remain placid, thoughtful, and Occasionally, attorneys will try to “bait” experts into a above all credible in the face of such attacks. competitive and narcissistic battle of wits, and experts who take the bait find themselves embarrassed, marginalized, and ignored by juries. The presenters will demonstrate behavioral

124 SATURDAY, MARCH 12TH - AFTERNOON 116. Saturday Evening Poster Session proxy tool for ample retrieval support. Yielding insights into the mechanisms of retrieval support, the results showed that 6:30 PM to 8:00 PM retrieval support improves recall performance under some, but Savannah Ballroom not all suboptimal conditions. Furthermore, although recall

performance was enhanced when witnesses were interviewed 001. 1st Place Dissertation Award: Hebephilic Sexual repeatedly due to reminiscence, police officers heavily Interests in Sexual Offenders underestimated witnesses’ performance, which calls for a Skye Stephens – Ryerson University; Michael Seto – revision of existing police training. University of Ottawa, Institute of Mental Health Research;

Alisdair Goodwill – Ryerson University; James Cantor 004. YouCan! A Preliminary Evaluation of a Drug Court

Model Applied to Young Adults The validity of hebephilia (i.e., sexual interest in pubescent Patrick McGonigal – University of Massachusetts Amherst; children) was examined in a sample of 2,238 sexual Kathleen Moore, PhD – University of South Florida; Scott offenders. In Study 1 there was convergence across Young, PhD – University of South Florida assessment measures, suggesting that hebephilia had convergent validity. Study 2 examined criterion validity and Drug courts are an alternative to incarceration that provide found that hebephilia was associated with a greater number of offenders committing non-violent, substance motivated victims under the age of 15. Finally, Study 3 found evidence crimes with an opportunity to dismiss their charges and for predictive validity in a subsample of offenders (n = 656), undergo rigorous substance abuse treatment. This study as hebephilia was associated with risk for sexual non-contact evaluated a drug court serving young adults ages 18-26 using recidivism. Results were similar for pedophilia, and suggested a mixed methods design to address several gaps in literature that pedophilia and hebephilia are more similar than they are including a need for studying young adults, qualitative data different. procedures, and process research on drug court. This study

found that drug court is effective at significantly reducing 002. 2nd Place Dissertation Award Winner: Mental substance use, recidivism, and internalizing disorder Health and Substance-Related Treatment Utilization, symptomatology, and additionally explored client experiences Dropout, and Continuity of Care among Detained and feedback mid-treatment. Adolescents: A 14-Year Longitudinal Study

Laura White – Indiana University-Purdue University 005. Gauging the Effects of Corporal Punishment on Indianapolis; John McGrew - Indiana University-Purdue Psychological Adjustment University Indianapolis; Matthew Aalsma – Indiana Tonya Martin, PhD – Harris County Juvenile Probation University School of Medicine Department

Approximately 60%-80% of detained adolescents have Much of the research on corporal punishment (CP) highlights behavioral health concerns, indicating significant treatment its numerous negative effects, but examining various severity needs. The study examined treatment utilization and levels of CP has rarely been conducted. The current study longitudinal treatment patterns among 9664 detained addresses this gap by examining the effects of severity levels adolescents. Upon release, 72.6% had psychiatric disorders, of CP on psychological adjustment utilizing a sample of 75 but only 36.7% obtained treatment; 31.4% obtained mental adults in a substance abuse recovery program. Findings health treatment and 10.4% obtained substance-related indicated that those who experienced higher severity levels of treatment. Among treatment users, 22.5% experienced early CP also exhibited higher levels of maladjustment. They were drop-out and 40.6% experienced treatment gaps. Variables also most likely to have prior incarcerations, arrests, and prior associated with increased likelihood of treatment included psychiatric involvement, but not more likely to belong to male gender, psychiatric disorder(s), higher charge severity, particular ethnic groups or have prior probation experiences. violent offense(s), and pre-detention treatment; younger and

Black adolescents were less likely to obtain treatment. 006. Clinical and Criminogenic Risk Factors Associated Findings showed low treatment prevalence, treatment gaps, with Re-Arrest in a Sample of Mentally Ill Parolees and disparities. Future research should promote mental health Stacy Calhoun, MA – University of California, Irvine programs/policies for treating detained adolescents.

This study assessed the extent to which medication 003. 3rd Place Dissertation Paper Award: Obtaining nonadherence, mental health symptoms, criminal lifestyle Information from Eyewitnesses: Effects of Retrieval (assessed using the Lifestyle Criminality Screening Form), Support in Eyewitness Interviews and methamphetamine use is associated with re-arrest among Alana Krix – Maastricht University; Harald Merckelbach - a sample of mentally ill parolees. Contrary to previous Maastricht University; Melanie Sauerland - Maastricht findings, the results showed that mental health symptoms University significantly increased the likelihood of re-arrest during the 6-

month follow-up period. Methamphetamine use also This dissertation examined the beneficial effects of retrieval significantly increased the likelihood of re-arrest and support (i.e., techniques that help witnesses get access to their significantly improved the fit of the model. Criminal lifestyle recollections) when witnessing conditions were suboptimal, and medication nonadherence were not significant predictors as well as the effects of retrieval support through repeated of re-arrest for this sample. Clinical implications of these interviewing. The Self-Administered Interview served as a results will be discussed.

125 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Dana L. Formon, MA – Sam Houston State University; Paula 007. History of Juvenile Detention and Intimate Partner Bernhard, BA – Sam Houston State University; Samantha Violence in Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Anger Kempker, BA – Sam Houston State University; Brittany Bate, Nicholas A. Armenti, BA – University of Houston; Alexandra MA – Sam Houston State University; Adam Schmidt, PhD – Snead, MA – University of Houston; Julia Babcock, PhD – Sam Houston State University University of Houston Personality and personality measures are largely thought to be This study explored anger as a mechanism through which representative of enduring, trait-based factors. However, history of juvenile detention relates to intimate partner recent research has begun to point out that the personality violence (IPV). We examined a sample of 135 intimate inventories most commonly used by psychologists are not partner violent men and their female partners. A mediation impervious to state-related fluctuations. This becomes model revealed that when trait anger and history of juvenile concerning as personality measures are often used in a detention were entered simultaneously, trait anger was related forensic context to illustrate potential pathology and to IPV, whereas history of juvenile detention no longer was. personality in offenders. If personality inventories are Therefore, trait anger appears to be a key link between history susceptible to intense affect, they must be used with caution of juvenile detention and IPV. Interventions for juvenile when used in justice-related situations. This study sought to offenders are advised to thoroughly address anger, as it induce transient personality change in individuals exposed to appears to be a risk factor for future IPV. distressing and potentially race-related arrest videos.

008. More Than Mere Synonyms: Examining the 011. Proxies for Acculturation to American Society with Difference Between Criminogenic Thinking and Foreign-Born Adults Criminogenic Attitudes Jennifer L. McLaughlin, MA – Sam Houston State University; David Gavel, Doctoral Candidate – The University of Carla Munoz, MA – Sam Houston State University; Hsiao- Southern Mississippi; Jon Mandracchia, PhD – Texas Tech Wen Wang, MS – Sam Houston State University; Hyemin University Jeon, MA – Sam Houston State University; Jorge Varela, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Lisa Kan, PhD – Sam Criminogenic cognitions, mental events (e.g., thoughts and Houston State University; Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam attitudes) often exhibited by criminal offenders and believed Houston State University to promote antisocial behavior patterns, are among the greatest needs that must be addressed in order to significantly An increase in foreign-born individuals living in U.S. decrease recidivism. Current literature does not sufficiently (Camarota, 2007) highlights the importance of considering address the distinction between mental events that can be multicultural factors, including acculturation status, when described as either thought content (i.e., Criminogenic conducting forensic mental health assessments. It can be Attitudes) or thought process (i.e., Criminogenic Thinking). challenging to assess acculturation in a time limited forensic Therefore, the current study applies statistical analyses to assessment. Thus, this study seeks to determine what, easily evaluate if criminogenic thinking and criminogenic attitudes assessed, factors may serve as proxies for acculturation status are best described as two separate constructs or as two with foreign-born adults in the U.S. Results suggest the subdomains of a single global construct. number of years since moving to the U.S., ability to comprehend English, and English as an individual’s preferred 009. Links Between Intensity of Effort in Stalking language are significantly related with acculturation to Dynamics and Violence American culture. Implications are discussed. Rosa Vinas-Racionero, MA – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Jon Freese – University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Mario Scalora, 013. Bias Awareness in Forensic Evaluation: An PhD – University of Nebraska-Lincoln Examination of the Bias Blind Spot in Clinical Forensic Decision-Making The present study examined the relation between three indices Marissa Zappala, BA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; representing intensity of effort in stalking dynamics, namely, Amanda Reed, MA – CUNY/John Jay College; Patricia Zapf, variety of stalking strategies, perseverance, and persistence PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice (Scalora et al., 2002) and violence. Prior studies demonstrate that physical violence is predicted by an increase in variety of The susceptibility of forensic evaluators to implicit cognitive stalking strategies and low persistence (James & Farham, biases has been reviewed; however, little research has 2003). However, these studies did not consider perseverance. investigated evaluator awareness of susceptibility to these Using partial least squares path modeling, we found support biases (Neal, 2013). The current study surveyed forensic for the association between increased variety of stalking and mental health professionals (n=38) in order to assess for a violence. However, contrary to prior findings, we found that bias blind spot (for a review, see Pronin, Lin & Ross, 2002) longer persistence predicted violence among individuals with among forensic evaluators, test the effectiveness of a bias higher degree of intimacy. blind spot remedy, and gather information on the use of debiasing strategies. Preliminary analyses reveal that a bias 010. Freaking Out! the Role of Affective Arousal in blind spot indeed exists, but additional research is needed Objective Personality Assessment: Implications for regarding a solution. Forensic Assessment

126 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION 014. Internal Consistency of the Personality Assessment 017. Mental Health Symptoms and Their Relationship to Inventory English and European Spanish Versions Competency Outcomes Among a Community Sample of Latin American Spanish- Jeremy Gay, MS – Medical College of Georgia; Michael speakers Vitacco, PhD – Medical College of Georgia; Laurie Ragatz, Vanessa Obando, BA – Elmhurst Hospital Center; Jessica PhD – Medical College of Georgia Pearson, PsyD – Elmhurst Hospital Center; Lauren Kois, MA – John Jay College and the Graduate Center, CUNY This study examined psychological and demographic variables and their relationship to competency outcomes The validation of psychological assessments with respect to between defendants found competent, those found Spanish-speakers is particularly pressing within forensic incompetent and restored, and those found incompetent and assessment given the disproportionate representation of these not restored. Information was extracted from 257 competency individuals in the criminal justice system, frequent use of to proceed to trial evaluations conducted between 2010 to psychological assessments by forensic evaluators, and small 2013. Regression analyses revealed psychotic, manic, number of assessments that are validated on Spanish- neuropsychological symptoms, and older age predicted poorer speakers. We evaluated the internal consistency of the competency outcomes. Competent defendants were Personality Assessment Inventory English and European significantly younger, with fewer manic symptoms and fewer Spanish versions with a community sample of Latin American neuropsychological deficits than defendants found Spanish-speakers. Findings indicate that internal consistency incompetent who were not restored. Competent defendants for both measures was sufficient for only two-thirds of scales also exhibited fewer psychotic symptoms. This study is and subscales within each measure and that many forensic- among the first to find manic symptoms associated with non- relevant scales were particularly problematic. restorability.

015. Using the TOMM to Assess Feigned Cognitive 018. The Validity Indicator Profile (VIP) in Court: A Impairment Among Female Defendants Found Review of the Instrument Using Both Heilbrun's and Incompetent to Stand Trial Daubert's Criteria Catherine Tague, BA – Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center; Melanie K. Corum, MA – American School of Professional Holly Hinz, MA – Fordham University; Brian Belfi, PhD – Psychology at Argosy University; Stephen Lally, PhD, ABPP Kirby Forensic Psychiatric Center; Debbie Green, PhD – – American School of Professional Psychology at Argosy Fairleigh Dickinson University University

The existing research regarding feigned cognitive impairment The Validity Indicator Profile is an assessment instrument among forensic psychiatric inpatients focuses primarily on designed to identify feigned cognitive deficits. Not only does males. The current study evaluated predictors of trial two it provide information about suboptimal performance, but it TOMM scores among a sample of pre-trial defendants also provides detail about the intention behind a failing score evaluated in the context of restoration of competency to stand and a specific response style. Heilbrun (1992) identified trial. One hundred and six TOMMs were retrospectively criteria to determine if a test should be used in the forensic analyzed from male and female pre-trial defendants admitted arena. Similarly, the Supreme Court (Daubert v. Merrell Dow to a forensic psychiatric hospital. Regression analyses 1993) articulated criteria to determine if evidence should be indicated that number of prior arrests was a significant admitted into court. Existing literature will be critically predictor of trial two TOMM scores for females, but not for reviewed to evaluate the degree to which the VIP meets males. The implications for research and evaluation of criteria articulated by Heilbrun and the Daubert decision. feigned cognitive impairment are discussed. 019. The Dual Effect of Jury Instruction Simplification: 016. An Examination of Temporal Patterns in the Offense How Simplifying Instructions Affects Jurors Application Histories of Sexual Homicide Perpetrators of the Instructions and the Quality of Their Deliberations Blair Huston, PhD – Florida State Hospital, John Jay College Chantelle M. Baguley, BS, Bachelor of Laws, Graduate of Criminal Justice Diploma of Legal Practice – The School of Psychology, The University of Queensland; Blake McKimmie, PhD – The Despite its having been the subject of clinical and scholarly School of Psychology, The University of Queensland; inquiry for over two centuries, empirical studies regarding Barbara Masser, PhD – The School of Psychology, The sexually-motivated homicide remain limited. Very few University of Queensland researchers have investigated whether temporal patterns exist in the offense histories of sexual murderers, with only one Four mock jury studies investigated how simplifying jury published study directly addressing this (Lange, 1999). The instructions affected mock jurors’ application of the current study included data on a relatively large sample of instructions to decide their verdict and the quality of their serial and non-serial perpetrators of sexually-motivated deliberations. The results showed that, while simplifying homicide. Clear temporal patterns in offenses were observed instructions enhanced mock jurors’ application of the in approximately half of the sexual murderers studied. Results instructions, it also led mock jurors to choose to hear fewer suggest that the timing of these perpetrators’ offenses may be opinions of their fellow mock jurors, and more opinions that idiosyncratic, and determined by various individual were consistent, rather than inconsistent, with their own circumstances. opinion. This research not only reinforces the positive effects of instruction simplification; it also highlights the potentially

127 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION adverse effects of instruction simplification on the quality of jury deliberations. 023. Expert Testimony and Deliberations: How Will They Decide? 020. Not Such Sweet Revenge: General Support for the Marissa Stanziani, BS – University of Alabama; Jennifer Cox, Death Penalty, but Not Retribution and Revenge PhD – University of Alabama; John Edens, PhD – Texas Attitudes, Predict Mitigation Importance A&M University Sarah Henry, MA – University of North Texas; Madeline Barlow, MA – Temple University; Katherine Mitchell, MA – This research examined the influence of different forms of American University; Berkeley Machen, BA – UNC expert testimony (clinical opinion vs. actuarial) and Wilmington; Corey Magdalino, BA – UNC Wilmington; Sarah deliberations on juror decision making in a capital case. Mock Conely, BA – UNC Wilmington; Sarah Johnson, BA – UNC jurors exposed to clinical opinion testimony characterizing the Wilmington; Bryan Myers, PhD – UNC Wilmington; Narina defendant as a high likelihood for future violence perceived Nunez, PhD – University of Wyoming; Richard Rogers, PhD the defendant to be more psychopathic than participants – University of North Texas exposed to actuarial testimony supporting the same assertion. This relationship was strengthened post-deliberations. Two hundred and sixty-three undergraduates completed a Additionally, 14% of participants changed their verdicts measure of death penalty attitudes, and then read a transcript following deliberations, although these changes were seen of the penalty phase of a capital trial, including the across expert testimony conditions suggesting deliberations description of mitigating and aggravating factors. General may impact decision making regardless of expert testimony. Support for the death penalty, and not Revenge and Retribution attitudes significantly predicted both sentencing 024. Jurors’ (Lack of) Sensitivity to False Positive judgments as well as ratings of mitigation importance. Evidence Regarding DNA Identifications Lauren Reiser, BA – University of California, Irvine; 021. Public Attitudes Toward Victim Impact Statements Nicholas Scurich, PhD – UC Irvine in Capital Cases: Individual Differences and the Willingness to Hear the Victim's Perspective DNA is compelling, but previous research indicates that Sarah Johnson, BA – UNC Wilmington; Kylah Thorpe – UNC jurors do not adequately utilize the likelihood of a false Wilmington; Kelsey Prichard – UNC Wilmington; Daysja positive DNA test when analyzing evidence. One experiment Phillips – UNC Wilmington; Abigail Moore – UNC (N = 219) testing whether jurors use error rate evidence to Wilmington; Katelin Matthews – UNC Wilmington; Olivia discount a DNA match when the non-forensic evidence is Federici – UNC Wilmington; Bryan Myers, PhD – UNC exculpatory indicates that jurors are not sensitive to error Wilmington; Rachael Shoemake – UNC Wilmington rates, even if the non-forensic evidence is exculpatory. Verdict confidence was significantly related to the interaction College undergraduates were asked to complete a measure of of error rates and non-forensic evidence suggesting that error dogmatism and perspective taking, and provide reasons why rates are influential when inconsistent non-forensic testimony they would or would not want to hear testimony by a is presented. These findings have practical implications for deceased victim’s spouse prior to sentencing a defendant how experts present DNA. convicted of murder. While both dogmatism and perspective taking were unrelated to their preference to hear VIS 025. The Impact of Animation Simulation Perspective in testimony, the reasons participants gave, both for and against, Closing Arguments on Juror's Perceptions the admission of VIS into capital trial proceedings were Erin Connel – Edinboro University; Emilee Demay – highly consistent with the reasons articulated by both legal Edinboro Univeristy; Ron Craig, PhD – Edinboro University commentators and the U.S. Supreme Court. Visual evidence used for demonstrative purposes in court now 022. Jurors’ Perceptions of Testimony in Cases Involving includes computer animations. Created based on evidence Child-on-Child Sexual Abuse and Anatomical Forensic and/or expert testimony, limited research has been done on Interviewing Aids how these animations impact jurors’ decisions. This study Benjamin Thomas, BS – West Virginia University; Elisa varied the presence and perspective of a computer animation Krackow, PhD – West Virginia University to see the impact on decisions. Participants read a case summary, viewed an animation where perspective was varied, One-third of child sexual abuse (CSA) cases are perpetrated then determined guilt. Guilty verdicts increased in the by juveniles, yet there is a paucity of research examining animation compared to no animation conditions. Guilty jurors’ perceptions of these cases (NCVC, 2009). Although verdicts increased in the driver’s perspective condition controversial, interviewing aids are used with forensic compared to the bystander. These results raise concerns interviews in CSA cases (Poole & Bruck, 2012). This study regarding such animations, as they may be prejudicial. examined mock jurors’ ratings of defendant guilt and witness credibility when defendant age (15 v. 32) and use of 026. Jurors’ Perceptions of Evidence: The Relative interviewing aids (anatomical dolls, human figure drawings, Influence of DNA and Eyewitness Testimony both or none) were varied. Results will be analyzed using 2 X Logan Ewanation, BA – Carleton University; Jordan 4 ANOVAs (defendant age and interview aids) and two Monnink, MA – Carleton University; Evelyn Maeder, PhD, logistic regressions of defendant guilt and witness credibility MLS – Carleton University judgments.

128 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Canadian jury-eligible participants read a trial transcript in McCracken, BA – The University of Nebraska-Lincoln; Tyler which either the Crown presented DNA evidence while the Plogher, BA – The University of Evansville Defence presented eyewitness evidence, or vice-versa (with evidence manipulated to be strong/weak), then provided a We investigated effects of jury racial composition (all White verdict and evidence ratings. DNA evidence yielded more versus racially mixed) on jury deliberations. According to verdicts in favour of the party presenting it, but contrary to aversive racism theory, non-Black jurors might endorse some earlier research, jurors were somewhat sensitive to the egalitarianism but nonetheless retain implicit negative differences between strong and weak evidence. Interestingly, feelings toward minorities and, in turn, attempt to avoid the strength of eyewitness evidence affected participants only interracial interactions. Simultaneously, anxiety due to a fear when it was presented by the Crown. Given the likelihood of being perceived as prejudiced might also drive avoidance that opposing parties will present contradictory evidence, of interracial interaction. Indeed, mock jurors spoke these findings have implications for real courtroom scenarios. significantly less in racially mixed juries than all-White juries – an effect driven by jurors’ sense of social discomfort (fewer 027. The Mixed Effects of Neurological Information and social statements), which in turn drives increased self-focus Brain Images on Perceptions of Psychopathic Wrongdoers (greater use of first person singular pronouns). Julia Marshall, BA – Emory Universit; Scott Lilienfeld, PhD – Emory University 030. Forensic Confirmation Biases: Do Jurors Discount Experts Who Were Exposed to Biasing Information? Although brain imaging has recently taken center stage in Alexa Hiley – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Saul criminal legal proceedings, little is known about how Kassin, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice neuroscience differentially affects people’s judgments about criminal behavior. In two studies (N=1,161), we examined This study examined whether jurors discount the credibility of how mock jurors punish a fictional psychopath when a forensic experts in fingerprints or bite marks as a function of presented with neurological or psychological research of his or her exposure to potentially biasing case information and equal or ambiguous scientific validity. We found that self-reported admission or denial of bias. Three hundred neurological evidence did not alter mock jurors’ sentencing seventy-seven online participants read a trial summary, and judgments, although it influenced beliefs about a criminal’s answered a series of questions regarding the case. Analysis treatability, with people rating the neurologically revealed that an expert’s pre-judgment exposure to a compromised criminal as more likely to benefit from confession did not adversely affect ratings of that expert’s treatment than a psychologically compromised criminal. impartiality or the convincingness of his testimony—unless that expert explicitly conceded to the possibility of bias. 028. Effects of Threat, Prevention Focus, and Defendant These results raise questions as to whether jurors are Ingroup-Outgroup Status on Mock-Jurors' Perceptions of inherently sufficiently sensitive to the problem of forensic Guilt confirmation biases. Michael R. Leippe, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice and CUNY Graduate Center; Nikoleta Despodova, BA 031. Crime Control/Due Process Orientation: Scale – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Christopher Gettings, Development and Structural Validation MA – CUNY Graduate Center; Angela Strange, JD, BA – Wayne W. Wilkinson, PhD – Arkansas State University; John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Amanda Nusbaum, BA Christopher Peters, PhD – Arkansas State University; – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Laura Salonen, BA – Tabitha O'Neal – Arkansas State University John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Robyn Moore, BA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Claudia Jasmin Two studies report the development of a new measure of Ventura, BA – John Jay College of Crimnal Justice crime control/due process orientation (CCDPO). Study 1 resulted in a 2-factor solution with separate scales for beliefs Black, Hispanic, and White mock-jurors read a trial transcript regarding definite and suspected violators. Study 2 explored in which the defendant belonged to either their racial/ethnic whether the 2-factor solution was due to item wording effects. ingroup or an outgroup. Prior to the trial, mock-jurors were No evidence for such effects was found. informed that the trial crime had either declined (low threat) or was increasing dramatically locally (high threat). High- 032. Race-Criminality Stereotypes in Canada and in the prevention-focus mock-jurors evinced greater outgroup United States of America discrimination under high threat, judging outgroup defendants Kendra J. McLaughlin, PhD – Carleton University; Evelyn more likely guilty than ingroup defendants. Low-prevention- Maeder, PhD, MLS – Carleton University; Laura McManus, focus mock-jurors evinced reverse discrimination, or a “black MA – Carleton University; Susan Yamamoto, MA – Carleton sheep effect,” under high threat, judging ingroup defendants University; Emily Pica, MA – Carleton University as more likely guilty. Biases in jurors’ trial processing associated with social identity may be greater when the crime Canadians pride themselves on their acceptance of ethnic at trial is threatening. differences and tout Canada as being a mosaic society. Moreover, many Americans downplay racism in their society 029. Racially Diverse Juries Make White Jurors Feel Less and describe it as being “colorblind”. These national identities Comfortable and More Self-Focused come at a cost. When Canadians and Americans resist Breigh House– The University of Evansville; Margaret acknowledging their societies’ racial biases, this can allow for Stevenson, PhD – The University of Evansville; Evan significant systematic racism, such as more guilty verdicts for

129 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION people of certain races in trials and the over-representation of Aboriginal- Canadians/Native Americans and Black persons 036. Deception in Corporate Interviews: Jurors’ in prisons. The present study demonstrates the racial biases Perceptions, Decisions, and Damage Awards relating to criminality that Canadians and Americans hold. William Douglas Woody, PhD – University of Northern Colorado; Czarina Grogan – University of Northern 033. One-Percenters on Trial: The Effects of Ascribed Colorado; Theo Albo – University of Northern Colorado; Status and Crime Type on Mock Juror Decision Making Mitchell Staut – University of Northern Colorado Brittany Cox, MS – Auburn University at Montgomery; Rolando Carol, PhD – Auburn University at Montgomery; We examined civil jurors’ perceptions and decisions about Amy Wagh, BA – Auburn University at Mongtomery liability and damage awards in cases involving former employees who take legal action against former employers We explored the influence of defendant's ascribed status about interview tactics used by employers to extract theft (wealthy vs. low) and crime type on juror verdicts and confessions from employees. Jurors read a trial summary sentencing. Participants read a short case summary that based on an actual case in which a defendant falsely described the defendant’s background information, criminal confessed to theft. Jurors perceived the deceptive charges, and relevant case details. Participants rendered a interrogations as more deceptive and coercive and attributed guilt decision and sentence recommendation. Participants also more responsibility to the defendant. Despite this recognition, completed pro-conviction bias, belief in a just world, and trait the use of deception did not influence compensatory damage assessment questionnaires. Analyses (N = 139) indicated awards but affected participants’ decisions of liability for significantly more guilty verdicts and longer prison sentences punitive damages and punitive awards themselves. for CSA charges than for robbery. Also, the more jurors believed that people get what they deserve, the more harshly 037. Ripple Effects: How Prejudicial Evidence About the they punished the defendant. Findings are framed within the Defendant’s Character Can Lead to False Memories for context of prior juror decision-making research. Evidence Never Presented at Trial Alma Olaguez, BA – California State University, Los Angeles; 034. The Paradoxical Effect of Biological and Mitchell Eisen, PhD – California State University, Los Deterministic Arguments on Judgments of Mentally-Ill Angeles; Joseph Williams, BA – California State University, Wrongdoers Los Angeles; Gabrielle Aroz, BA – California State Shelby Hunter – Arizona State University; N. J. Schweitzer; University, Los Angeles Sarah Lee Day; D. A. Baker; Riquel Hafdahl This experiment was conducted to examine how inducing bias Recent research has suggested that biological explanations of against a defendant can affect juror’s memory for evidence mental disorders mitigate punishment decisions when presented at trial. Participants viewed a simulated trial where individuals with those disorders commit a wrongdoing. We reasonable doubt was clearly established. Participants viewed tested the effect of such a biomechanism argument against a either a version of the trial which induced bias by depicting broader argument that all of human behavior (not just the defendant as a gang member, or included no mention of particular disorders) is biological in nature. We find that this gang affiliation. Two days later, participants answered a latter argument produces an interesting effect: Biological memory questionnaire regarding evidence presented. Results arguments mitigate the punishment of individuals with a self- indicated that jurors in the bias/gang condition who voted inflicted mental disorder, but those same arguments aggravate guilty were more likely to report being influenced by punishment of individuals having disorders obtained by other evidence that was never mentioned during the trial. means. This effect is mediated by the perceived likelihood of reoffending. 038. What Roles Do Pretrial Publicity, Jury Composition, and Individual Characteristics Play in Jurors’ Behavior 035. Jurors’ Ability to Detect Deception Through Cross- and Decisions? Examination and Judicial Instructions Christine L. Ruva, PhD – University of South Florida Nikoleta M. Despodova, BA – The Graduate Center; Sara Sarasota-Manatee Hartigan, BA – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Margaret Bull Kovera, PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Mock-Juror participants (N=646) were exposed to pretrial Justice publicity (PTP: negative-victim, negative-defendant, or unrelated). Then one week later viewed a murder trial and Research on deception detection shows that people perform at deliberated with similarly or dissimilarly PTP-exposed others chance level in detecting lies (Bond, 2003). Still, courts (Jury Composition; JC). This research explores how PTP, JC, believe that jurors can accurately determine whether a witness and individual characteristics (Need for Cognition-NFC and is telling the truth because of the power of cross-examination. Pretrial Juror Attitude Questionnaire-PJAQ) influence juror Therefore, we investigated whether mock jurors were accurate behavior and decisions. Both NFC scores and PJAQ scores in discriminating between lying and truthful witnesses. were associated with guilt and behavior ratings, in expected Participants watched a videotaped trial and provided directions. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses revealed perceptions of the witness. Results suggest that courts may NFC had moderating effects on guilt and behavior ratings. benefit from the use of research-based cross-examination and Thus, the influence of these individual characteristics on instructions; however, more research is needed to understand decisions and behavior vary as a function important case- the conditions under which these procedures are most helpful. related variables.

130 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Talia Carl, BA – Macquarie University; Kay Bussey, PhD – 039. Can Closing Arguments Help Jurors' Evaluate Macquarie University Eyewitness Evidence? Amanda N. Bergold, MA – John Jay College of Criminal The Temptation Resistance Paradigm (TRP) is the most Justice; Steven Penrod, PhD – John Jay commonly used paradigm to assess children’s engagement in misdeeds. In most contemporary research, two different tasks The current research explores the possibility that discussing (guessing game, trivia game) have been used interchangeably eyewitness factors in closing arguments may help jurors in this paradigm. However, this assumes the interchangeibility evaluate eyewitness evidence and use eyewitness judicial of the tasks. To test this assumption, this study investigated instructions. Participants read a brief trial summary in which whether children’s peeking behavior varies across tasks. the quality of the eyewitnessing conditions was manipulated. Participants were 372 children (3 to 14 years). For all ages, The defense attorney in the case either did not mention results revealed that the number of children who peeked eyewitness factors, mentioned eyewitness factors but not depended on the task. Implications for understanding instructions, or referred to the judge’s instructions regarding children’s problem behavior as reciprocally determined by a eyewitness statements. Jurors displayed more comprehension combination of personal and situational factors are discussed. of eyewitness factors in good (vs. poor) eyewitnessing conditions, but closing arguments did not help them evaluate 043. How Does the Parent-Adolescent Relationship evidence. Change Following a Youth’s Arrest? Caitlin Cavanagh, MA – University of California, Irvine; 040. The Court-Related Knowledge and Skills of a Large Elizabeth Cauffman, PhD Sample of Juvenile Defendants Kathleen J. Hart, PhD – Xavier University; Morgan Adolescents rely emotionally on their parents following an Costanza, MA – Xavier University; Abby Lonnemann, BS – arrest. Yet, juvenile justice arbiters have leeway in deciding Xavier University; Leah Saulter, MA – Xavier University how deeply a youth penetrates the justice system (formal vs. informal processing). It is unknown how a youth’s processing Competence to proceed (CTP) has been raised more type affects the parent-child relationship longitudinally. frequently in juvenile courts, and previous studies have Among 136 pairs (N=272) of first-time juvenile offenders and addressed characteristics (such as age and IQ) that are related their mothers, processing decision affects the mother-son to opinions. Most previous studies provided very little detail relationship longitudinally, but this association functions about what elements of court proceedings juveniles know. differently for mothers and sons. For youth, relationship The current study presents detailed information about forensic warmth increased over time when older youth were processed evaluators’ rating of the court-related knowledge and informally and younger youth were processed formally. For decision-making of a large sample (N = 423) of juveniles for mothers, declines in relationship warmth are exacerbated by whom the question of competence to proceed (CTP) was youths’ continued criminal behavior, but buffered by parental raised in juvenile court. We present those ratings by IQ level ( monitoring among youth processed formally. < 69,70-89, >90) and by age levels (8-10, 11-13, 14-15, 16- 17). 044. Perceived Frequency and Success of the Insanity Defense and Its Impact on NGRI Verdicts 041. Macro-Level Measures of Coherence in Child Kristina J. Lamb – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Forensic Interviews Alexa Meisegeier – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Elizabeth Ahern, PhD – University of Cambridge; Rosie Angela Kraker – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Human, BA – University of Bristol; Dierdre Brown, PhD – Karra Koburn – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Victoria University; Michael Lamb, PhD – University of Ashley Ritter, BA – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Cambridge Len Lecci, PhD – University of North Carolina Wilmington

Macro-level ratings of coherence, adapted from the Narrative Negative attitudes towards the insanity defense appear to be Coherence Content (NaCC) and Story Grammar (SG) coding associated with the perception that the defense is grossly schemes, were examined in 46 forensic interviews of 4- to 13- overused, and rehabilitating these attitudes does not appear to year-olds disclosing sexual abuse. Half of the children were change verdicts. Study 1 demonstrated that mock jurors are interviewed using the Memorandum of Good Practice less likely to render NGRI verdicts when given exaggerated (MoGP) and the others using the NICHD Protocol. NaCC, statistics about the use and success of the insanity defense SG, and time/location elements were positively correlated. from a credible source (i.e., the DA) or when given Children’s performance in different interview stages (rapport, memorable examples of its use. In study 2, NGRI verdicts substantive, disclosure) was also positively correlated. The were again less likely to occur when participants were given NICHD Protocol elicited more coherent narratives during the memorable examples of its use, but NGRI verdicts were rapport stage than did the MoGP. Findings demonstrate the unaffected when exaggerated frequency/success statistics are utility of macro-level ratings and the effects of interview delivered by a less credible source (i.e., the newspaper). structure on narrative coherence. 045. Impact of Childhood Adversity and Out-of-home 042. Situational and Age-related Influences on Children’s Placement in Adolescents with Sexual Behavior Problems Peeking Behavior

131 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Kelcey L. Hall, MA – East Tennessee State University; Jill Young adults (ages 18-30) were surveyed on their views of Stinson, PhD – East Tennessee State University; Lydia informational privacy. They were asked in what domains of Eisenbrandt, MA – East Tennessee State University information they value privacy and in what domains they are willing to waive their right to informational privacy. They This study investigates the role of childhood adversity and were given vignettes and asked to specify which iducements foster care placement on the onset of aggression and sexual would persuade them to waive privacy. Half of the offending in a sample of adolescents (n=100) receiving participants were then provided with categories of treatment for sexual behavior problems. Higher ACE survey information in landmark cases concerning informational scores and greater numbers of non-psychiatric out-of-home privacy. The other half were provided with categorized placements in foster care, group homes, and residential care vignettes of young adults who regretted waiving were significantly predictive of onset of both aggressive and privacy. Results were analyzed as to what information caused sexual offending. Age at first placement was not predictive of them to change their mind re: waiving privacy. other behavioral concerns. Differences between types of adversities experienced and outcomes, as well as implications 049. Legal Safeguards, Appellate Proceedings, and for prevention, environmental responsiveness, and re-entry Judicial Review: An Analysis of Female False Confession strategies will be discussed. Cases Carlye B. Conte, MS – Nova Southeastern University; 046. Conduct Disordered Offenders: The Predictive Stephen Grabner, MS – Nova Southeastern University; Accuracy of Callous/Unemotional Traits in DSM-5 Lenore Walker, EdD, ABPP – Nova Southeastern University Rebecca M. Grace, BA – Carleton University; Stephanie M. Biro, BA – Carleton University; Mary B. Ritchie, BA – Previous studies have demonstrated a failure of the legal Carleton University; Adelle E. Forth, PhD – Carleton system to adequately safeguard against wrongful convictions University and, once convicted, postconviction legal remedies often fail to serve their intended purpose. The purpose of this study is to A Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) specifier was recently examine the appellate proceedings, including the types of added to the diagnostic criteria to increase the efficacy of a appeals filed, levels of appeal within the judiciary system, conduct disorder (CD) diagnosis in capturing more severe claims brought forth, and response of the appellate courts – in groups of adolescent offenders. With an archival sample of 79 60 female false confession cases. This analysis can shed light adolescent offenders, the current study is the first to examine on the viability of the legal system when it comes to the convergent validity and predictive accuracy of the LPE protecting the innocent and correcting miscarriages of justice. specifier. Contrary to expectations, an LPE diagnosis was not associated with a more severe group of CD youth. However, 050. Trust in the Jury System an examination of the convergent validity between an LPE Amy Kleynhans, BA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; diagnosis and the PCL: YV, revealed the two measures Brian Bornstein, PhD, MLS – University of Nebraska - converged on Facet 2 psychopathy (i.e., affective traits). Lincoln; Joseph Hamm, PhD, MLS – Michigan State Implications for the findings are discussed. University; Monica Miller, PhD, JD – University of Nevada, Reno 047. Developmental and Clinical Predictors of the Onset of Offending and Behavioral Problems: Comparing Adult Numerous studies have focused on measures of institutional and Youth Offenders in Secure Care trust, but there has been little scholarly research into public Jill D. Stinson, PhD – East Tennessee State University; perceptions of and trust in the jury system specifically. This Carrie LeMay, MS – East Tennessee State University; Kelcey study developed and tested a new measure of trust in the jury. Hall, MA – East Tennessee State University; Stephanie The Jury Trust scale was administered to MTurk workers as Mersch – East Tennessee State University part of a larger jury decision making study. The results showed that the items were reliable indicators of their For many offenders with co-occurring problems of violence hypothesized latent factors (CFI=.97), but there were high and mental illness, early pathways to intervention include a correlations among the factors themselves, suggesting a single combination of psychiatric hospitalization and arrest. higher-order factor. Trust in the jury system is therefore a However, little evidence explains how officials determine the unique construct. first point of contact. In the proposed study, persons with histories of developmental trauma and serious mental illness 052. Perceived Discrimination, Emotion Regulation, and in adult and juvenile samples are examined to identify Emotional Well-being predictors of arrest versus psychiatric hospitalization. Andrew Jeon, MA – University of Nebraska – Lincoln; Regression analyses reveal different predictors for arrest, Richard Wiener, PhD – University of Nebraska - Lincoln; aggression, and hospitalization, and clinical and policy Debra Hope, PhD – University of Nebraska - Lincoln implications are discussed. Experiences of perceived discrimination are common and 048. Young Adult Perspectives on Reasonable affect well-being, but are not often reported. Emotion Expectations of Information Privacy regulation may account for why some people report Lois Condie, PhD – Harvard Medical School discrimination whereas others do not. Samples were drawn from both the community and an online national sample, then divided into reporters, experience-only (perceived

132 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION discrimination, but did not file), and no discrimination groups. Kaila Bruer, MA – University of Regina; Madison Harvey – Reporters were found to have more negative affect than the University of Regina; Alyssa Adams – University of Regina; experience-only and no discrimination groups. The no Heather Price, PhD – University of Regina discrimination group engaged in more effective emotion regulation strategies followed by the experience-only group, In order to safeguard against unreliable eyewitness evidence then by the reporting group. in court, it is important that judges be aware of information and recommendations put forth by empirical reviews. In this 053. Measuring Public Support for Capital Punishment: on-going research, 101 full-text Canadian judicial decisions The Revised Attitudes Towards the Death Penalty Scale were coded to determine what information judges use when (RATDP) assessing the reliability of eyewitness testimony in court. William Whited, MA – The University of Southern Preliminary results indicated low levels of discussion of the Mississippi; Jon Mandracchia, PhD – Missouri Western State factors that can impact eyewitness testimony. Verdict University outcomes were found to be sensitive to the presence of physical evidence and the perceived lack of details about how Existing ways of measuring public opinion about the death police administered a lineup. penalty are limited and problematic. As such, the purpose of this study was to further develop the Revised Attitudes 057. The Hidden Psychology of Court Reporters towards the Death Penalty Scale (RATDP), an instrument that Claire E. Moore, BS – Department of Criminal Justice; measures level of support for the death penalty and includes Stanley Brodsky, PhD – University of Alabama; David Sams, the rationales utilized by both proponents and opponents of JD, LLM – Private Tax Attorney the sanction. Support for the five-factor model of the RATDP was found in a series of exploratory and confirmatory factor Transcripts provide a verbatim record of legal proceedings. analyses for both a nationwide American adult sample and a However, previous literature has neglected to investigate student samples. The implications of conceptualizing and court reporters and the preparation of these documents. measuring death penalty attitudes as a multifaceted construct Numerous factors have the potential to conflict with court are discussed. reporters’ impartiality. This poster identifies the types of stressors that contribute to selective editing behaviors. For 054. Women Psychologists in the Field of Psychology and example, editing judges’ statements in a polished direction Law may be needed to protect job security. Empirical and Melvin Pagan, MA – Indiana State University; Melanie systematic data are needed to understand the prevalence of Mivshek, MS – Indiana State University; Jennifer Schriver, these editing incidents, information currently obtained by PhD – Indiana State University interviewing court reporters.

In 2001, Kite et al. published a thorough review on women 058. The Impact of Clinical Diagnosis and Requested psychologists in the academe. Although that review presented Award Amount on Mock Juror Awards in a Civil information relevant to many subfields of psychology, no data Litigation were presented regarding the field of psychology and law. Len B. Lecci, PhD – University of North Carolina This paper examines the prevalence and roles of women in Wilmington; Alexia Martin – University of North Carolina academic areas related to psychology and law. Information Wilmington; Angela Kraker – University of North Carolina related to publication rates and awards is also presented. Wilmington; Emily Cline – University of North Carolina Implications for these findings are discussed. Wilmington; Matthew Moore, BA – University of North Carolina Wilmington; Lydia Stellwag – University of North 055. Japanese Citizens’ Feelings About the Law and the Carolina Wilmington Judiciary Yuko Yamasaki, PhD – Hokkaido University; Chikage This research examines the influence of a clinical diagnosis Ishizaki, PhD – Kyushu International University and requested award amount on monetary damages granted by mock jurors in a civil litigation. Participants were randomly This study identifies the feelings of Japanese citizens about assigned to one of three diagnoses (organic brain injury, the law and the judiciary. We conducted an Internet survey psychosomatic reaction, or malingering) and one of two and classified their sentiments into three categories: (1) the requested award amounts ($5,000,000 or 10,000). Significant lack of standpoint on the part of the person concerned (e.g., an effects emerged for anchoring (larger anchor meant larger imperfect visualization of interrogations), (2) the continuing awards), and diagnosis (largest for the organic injury). status quo (e.g., being acquitted of a charge to due to a mental Importantly, a significant interaction emerged indicating that problem), and (3) feeling uncomfortable about marriage laws the diagnosis had its biggest impact when the requested award (e.g., it is impossible for women to remarry within six months was large. Moreover, awards were independent of empathy after getting a divorce). Based on the outcomes, we discuss for the plaintiff and perceived impact of the injury on the common and different points between the American and plaintiff’s life. Japanese citizens’ perception of the law and the judiciary. 059. Employment, Race, and Racial Attitude as Factors of 056. An Examination of Legal Discourse Surrounding Defendant Decision-Making Eyewitness Identification Evidence in Canada Christopher Routhier, BA – Lighthouse Care Center of Conway; Emalee Quickel, PhD – Coastal Carolina

133 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION University; David Zimmerman, PhD – Missouri State Leah Efferson, BA – University of Alabama; Andrea Glenn, University PhD – University of Alabama

Approximately 3.8 to 10.5 times more African Americans are The purpose of this study is to examine psychopathy’s incarcerated than whites (Carson et al., 2015). influence on punishment. A study found psychopaths are less Meanwhile, defense attorneys tend to give African Americans retributive when punishing a murderer, and this study harsher pleas (Edkins, 2011) and employers tend to hire them examined if that can be generalized to variety of crimes and less often, especially with a criminal record (Pager, explored the influence of vengeance. Using self-reports, we Western, & Bonikowski, 2009). As part of a larger study, this found those higher in psychopathy allocated less harsh racial disparity was examined. Although the correlations punishments than those lower. Primary, not secondary racial attitudes and post-conviction employment attitudeswere psychopathy predicted punishments on violent and non- not significant, there was a significant correlation between violent crimes. The interaction between secondary plea decisions and certain attitudes towards post-conviction psychopathy and vengeance predicted punishments on non- employment attitudes, as well as a significant interaction violent crimes for males. These findings have implications for effect between employment and race on other post-conviction how jurors’ psychopathic traits may affect their punishment employment attitudes. allocations in criminal court.

060. Public Perceptions of Human Sex Trafficking: What 063. Evaluators Perceptions of PCL-R Item Scoring is the Prototype? Difficulty and the Need for Supervised Practice Nesa E. Wasarhaley, PhD – Bridgewater State University; Hyemin Jeon, MA – Sam Houston State University; Marcus Claire Renzetti, PhD – University of Kentucky; Dominic Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Paige Locantore – Bridgewater State University Harris, MA – Sam Houston State University; Daniel Murrie, PhD – University of Virginia Human sex trafficking (HST) is a complex crime and the public appears to have no comprehensive model of what it is. There are few studies of Psychopathy Checklist-Revised The present study examined the content of community (PCL-R) training, and none of the seminar-style trainings members’ (N=440) prototype (i.e., typical mental completed by most practitioners. In this study, 118 licensed representation) for HST. Findings suggested that people think clinicians completed a 1.5 day PCL-R seminar provided by a the victim and trafficker are likely to be foreign and that the well-known PCL trainer. At the end of the seminar, we asked typical trafficker likely uses physical force. Overall participants about the PCL-R items that were the most participants viewed HST as somewhat unlikely to occur in difficult to score and the need for post-training supervision their community, more so for suburban and rural participants concerning PCL-R scoring. Shallow Affect (67.6%), compared to urban participants. We discuss findings in terms Glibness/Superficial Charm (46.3%), and Pathological Lying of bettering the justice system’s response to HST cases. (43.5%) were perceived as the most difficult items to score. Participants reported that evaluators should complete 061. A Systematic Review of PCL-R Mean Scores from approximately 5 PCL-R evaluators under supervision before Recidivists and Non-Recidivists from Sex Offender scoring independently. Samples Paige B. Harris, MA – Sam Houston State University; Marcus 064. Psychopathic Traits and the Relationship Between Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University; Samuel Victimization and PTSD in Juvenile Justice-Involved Hawes, PhD – University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Youth Daniel Murrie, PhD – Institute of Law, Psychiatry, and Chloe A. Greenbaum, BA – New York University; Emily Public Policy, University of Virginia; Hayley Wechsler, MA – Brackman, MA – Fordham University; Georgios Vlahoylis, Sam Houston State University BA – New York University; Shabnam Javdani, PhD – New York University Evaluators assessing sexual offenders frequently report using the PCL-R for assessing future risk, and meta-analytic results There is an emergent body of literature regarding the adaptive provide moderate support for its predictive validity in this nature of certain psychopathic traits (Babiak & Hare, 2006). context. Because predictive validity statistics (e.g., AUC, d, r) We seek to investigate this phenomenon within a sample of provide no information about interpreting specific PCL-R juvenile justice-involved adolescents using the triarchic model scores, forensic practitioners using these measures cannot of psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009). look to most validity studies or meta-analysis for information Specifically, this poster examines whether the boldness facet about the typical scores of recidivists and non-recidivists. We of psychopathy, which is conceptually related to social present mean PCL-R scores for recidivists and non-recidivists dominance and fearlessness, moderates the relationship across a wide range of sexual offender sample studies. Results between physical peer victimization and Posttraumatic Stress suggest that evaluators would benefit from examining the Disorder (PTSD). Preliminary analyses include 27 justice- typical scores assigned to offenders with similar involved adolescents (N = 11 boys; N = 16 girls). Regression characteristics, as these they tended to differ between offender analyses revealed that physical victimization is associated types. with increased risk for PTSD, but only for youth reporting low levels of boldness. 062. The Influence of Psychopathy and Vengeance on Punishments of Crime

134 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION 065. Homicide Classification Based on Crime Scene 068. Factors Related to Revocation of Conditional Release Behaviours of Insanity Acquittees Jonghan Sea, MA – Simon Fraser University; Stephen Hart, Kristen Montijo, BA – Pacific University School of PhD – Simon Fraser University Professional Psychology; Michelle Guyton, PhD – Pacific University The aim was to identify representative factors in homicide offenders that were distinctive from other factors based on 49 Conditional release is used to treat and supervise insanity crime-scene actions, and then to identify the factors’ acquittees in the community when they leave the state characteristics and information through partial correlations. A hospital. Past research has found the rate of revocation of mixed-method design wherein initially a qualitative (content conditional release to be between 25 and 62 percent. The analysis), and subsequently a quantitative (Exploratory Factor present study investigated the dynamic factors of housing, Analysis, Multidimensional scale) approach was adopted. The employment, and treatment received to determine which findings supported the idea that there is a correlation between factors are associated with revocation of conditional release of offender-victim relationship and behavioural themes. The insanity acquittees in Oregon. Factors that are found to predict current study showed that offenders in expressive (impulsive) revocation of conditional release should be considered and theme were more likely to kill someone whom they already accounted for when making a plan for conditional release. knew than instrumental (cognitive) theme offenders, supporting findings that the closer the tie between offender 069. Does the Method of Risk Communication Effect and victim. Mock Jurors’ Perceptions of Violence? Camden Hoeffner, BA – Sam Houston State University; 066. Dark Hearts or Dark Minds: Psychopathy and Ashley Batastini, PhD – University of Southern Mississippi; Emotional Manipulation Robert Morgan, PhD – Texas Tech University Shari Reiter, MA – Washington State University; Elizabeth Austin, PhD – University of Edinburgh Limited empirical work has been conducted to explain how best to communicate the results of actuarial violence risk The present study evaluated the self-report findings of a assessments. The present study examined whether mock mixed methods design examining the emotional impact and jurors’ perceptions of a hypothetical criminal defendant perception of psychopathic traits in interpersonal would vary depending on the method of communicating relationships. In a student sample, model-based cluster predicted risk (i.e., no explanation of base rates, written analysis identified primary and secondary psychopathic explanation, written and visual explanation. Following the clusters as well as nonpsychopathic controls. Primary and presentation of risk data, mock jurors were instructed to rate secondary clusters were distinguished by higher boldness in the defendant’s risk. No statistically significant differences the former, and higher disinhibition and negative affect in the were found across the three conditions. Overall, these results latter. Subtypes did not differ in meanness. Psychopathic suggest that information about recidivism base rates, individuals demonstrated greater antisocial mood regardless of presentation method, does not impact management. Whereas primary psychopathic individuals did perceptions of risk. not exhibit deficits in Emotional intelligence (EI) or Theory of Mind, secondary psychopathic individuals displayed lower 070. User Confidence Ratings for Stalking Assessment and global and facet-level trait EI. Management (SAM) Training Andrea Patrick, BS – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; 067. Medium- to Long-Term Predictive Validity of LSI-R Megan Banford – John Jay College of Criminal Justice; Subscales Among Mental Health Diversion Participants Amanda Reed, MA – CUNY/John Jay College; Patricia Zapf, Daniel Baucom – North Carolina State University; Evan PhD – John Jay College of Criminal Justice Lowder, MS – North Carolina State University; Sarah Desmarais, PhD – North Carolina State University; John Confidence ratings are an important consideration for the Petrila, JD, LLM – University of South Florida; Richard Van success of a structured professional judgment (SPJ) tool Dorn, PhD – RTI International aimed at assessing violence risk. The Stalking Assessment and Management (SAM) is a new SPJ tool for which user Research investigating risk assessments used in mental health confidence ratings after specialized training has not been diversion programs is scarce. Our prior study provided limited evaluated. The current study surveyed mental health evidence supporting the short-term predictive validity of LSI- professionals (n=9) regarding their confidence before and R subscales in this setting. Building on this work, the current after SAM training. Preliminary results indicate that receiving study examined the predictive validity of LSI-R subscale training on the SAM increased users’ confidence ratings for scores at 6-, 12-, and 18-month follow-up among 94 mental the tool. This was a necessary first step before examining health diversion clients. Overall, the Financial, confidence ratings on user accuracy in future research. Family/Marital, and Accommodation subscale scores emerged as the most robust predictors of recidivism, and predictive 071. Performance of the Level of Service/Case validity was best over 12-month follow-up. Findings add to a Management Inventory with Offenders Undergoing growing literature on the use of risk assessments in predicting Reentry: A Prospective Prediction Study recidivism among mental health diversion clients. Christopher M. King, MS, JD – Drexel University; Kirk Heilbrun, PhD, ABPP – Drexel University; Ralph Fretz, PhD – Community Education Centers

135 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Turnover among staff in juvenile detention facilities is In today’s age of offender reentry, the process of release has approximately 20% per year, which adds undue costs to become more complicated, with implications for recidivism facilities. This study uses exit interviews (N = 173) from 2012 risk appraisals. The present study evaluated the predictive to 2015 from a state department of juvenile justice (DJJ) to (discrimination and calibration) validity of the LS/CMI in a examine factors impacting voluntary turnover among sample of prisoners undergoing reentry. Results revealed that correctional and non-correctional employees. Juvenile total score and individual risk factor scores were generally not Correctional Officers (JCOs) reported lower job satisfaction significantly related to different recidivism indicators at either and left the organization at a higher rate than non-correctional one year or an average of nearly two years post-transfer from employees. Employees also differed in their reasons to leave; a reentry assessment facility. We discuss the results in light of correctional staff cited concerns over safety and a desire to the extensive research that has been conducted with the LS return to school, while non-correctional staff were more likely family of tools, and suggest implications for practice. to leave for retirement.

072. Crossover v. Non-Crossover Sex Offenders: Do More 075. The Relationship of Criminal Risk Factors and Victim Types Mean Increased Risk & Greater Psychiatric Symptomatology in Predicting Disciplinary Psychopathology? Infractions Bryana E. Killion, BA – Massachusetts Treatment Center; Karen Grabowski, MA – Texas Tech University; Robert Rebecca Cudmore, MA – Massachusetts Treatment Center; Morgan, PhD – Texas Tech Unviersity; Rebecca Bauer, PhD Shannon Maney, PsyD – Massachusetts Treatment Center; – FCI Seagoville Emily Salema, PsyD – Massachusetts Treatment Center Research suggests persons with mental illness (PMI) who are In order to better assess risk for re-offense, it is important to criminal justice (CJ) involved share similar criminal risk understand the differences between groups of sexual factors when compared to persons who are only CJ involved offenders. Therefore, the current study investigated whether and similar psychiatric symptomatology when compared to differences existed between offenders with and without PMI who are not CJ involved. Evidence suggests that criminal crossover offending on personality and risk measures. risk factors are better predictors of recidivism and criminal Offenders were classified based on the age of their victims. behavior than psychiatric symptomatology; however, debate Crossover offenders had victims in more than one age about the relationship of criminal risk factors and psychiatric category (child, adolescent, adult). As predicted, the study symptomatology persists. The current study aims to found evidence of heightened risk and elevated investigate relationships of criminal risk factors and psychopathology in crossover offenders. Significant psychiatric symptomatology on disciplinary infractions in differences between offenders with adult victims and child prison and residential treatment samples to test for possible victims were also observed. Implications for these findings mediation. are discussed. 076. The Clinical Applicability of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire in Adult Male Prison Inmates 073. Crimes Committed Under Involuntary Control: Are Addie Wikowsky – Missouri Western State University; Kristen They All Perceived the Same Way? Tieman – Missouri Western State University; Jon Jordan P. Power, Bsc – Brock University; Kelly Warren, PhD Mandracchia, PhD – Missouri Western State University; Rose – Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland Gonzalez, PhD – Michael E. DeBakey VAMC Cancer Center

Perceptions of crimes committed as a result of a severe The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide is a episode of schizophrenia, as a result of extreme side effects of comprehensive model that attempts to explain why people a prescribed opiate, and under no extenuating circumstances commit suicide. Although this theory could offer a clinically were explored. Participants read one of three scenarios useful method of evaluating suicide risk in offenders, its depicting a homicide and answered questions assessing their clinical application has not yet been studied in this at-risk perceptions of the crime. The perpetrators in the population. The current study examined the clinical schizophrenia and opiate conditions were seen as less application of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) in responsible than the perpetrator in the control condition, yet a sample of 399 male prisoners by determining an ideal cutoff suggested punishments were harsh in all conditions. Findings score for predicting the presence of suicidal ideation. The imply that there is still progress to be made in increasing findings demonstrate the potential use of the INQ as a discreet knowledge of, and reducing stigma toward, mental illness and screening indicator of suicide ideation in this population. automatism. 077. Prevalence of Mentally Ill Inmates in Administrative 074. Factors That Impact Turnover Decision Making Segregation: Factors That Influence Placement and Ways Among Juvenile Justice Employees: Comparing to Decrease Extended Stay Correctional versus Non-Correctional Staff Erin Williams, PhD – Rutgers University-UCHC; Virginia Alyssa Mikytuck, PhD candidate – Georgetown University; Fineran, PhD – Rutgers University-UCHC Hayley Cleary, PhD, MPP – Virginia Commonwealth University Mental illness among individuals within the prison population has received a lot of attention over the past several years. In particular, studies have addressed issues that plague these

136 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION individuals including placement in Administrative process of the model describes the dynamic change in Segregation (i.e., restrictive confinement due to behavioral suspects’ multiple interrogation decisions throughout the infractions while incarcerated). This study seeks to build upon entire interrogation. Most importantly, these two processes previous research by identifying the number of mentally ill jointly explain suspects’ decision-making during an inmates within a New Jersey state prison and various aspects interrogation. that may have influenced their placement in that setting. Results will be used to identify coping skills/interventions for 081. Passively Accepting Blame and Actively Taking the inmates to avoid initial placement or extended stay in Blame Among Friends segregation. Jennifer Willard, PhD – Kennesaw State University; Geena Washington, BS – Kennesaw State University; Olivia 078. Clinical Judgment May Be More Influential in Sex Alexander, BS – Kennesaw State University Offender Risk Assessments, Despite the Use of Actuarial Measures An experiment was conducted to examine people’s Katherine E. McCallum, MA – Sam Houston State University; willingness to falsely accept-blame and take-blame for Marcus Boccaccini, PhD – Sam Houston State University another person’s misconduct. Relationship closeness and its potential to interact with passive blame-acceptance and active Although previous research has indicated actuarial blame-taking was also investigated. Participants thought of a instruments are superior to clinical judgment in sex offender close or casual friend and read a scenario describing a minor risk assessment, many sex offender management boards offense committed by the friend. In the active blame-taking require evaluators to assess defendants on factors for which condition an authority correctly attributes the offense to the no actuarial measure exists, necessitating clinical judgment. perpetrator, whereas in the passive blame-acceptance This study reviewed 302 sex offender risk assessment condition the authority incorrectly attributes the offense to the evaluations conducted in the state of Colorado. Results participant. Although relationship closeness predicted revealed that evaluators’ containment recommendations were willingness to accept/take blame, there was no difference in more influenced by variables requiring clinical judgment than people’s willingness to accept blame versus take blame. actuarial risk results. Additionally, results revealed these discrepancies were more likely to elevate the evaluators’ 082. 'Undoing' (or Symbolic Reversal) in Homicide Crime perceived level of risk of the defendants. Scenes Samantha Holdren, BA, BS – John Jay College of Criminal 079. Differences in Psychosexual Development Between Justice; Maria Russell, BA – John Jay College of Criminal Child, Peer, and Mixed Male Juvenile Sex Offenders Justice; Hannah Breulmann, BS – John Jay College of Colleen Lillard, PhD – Georgia Regents University; William Criminal Justice; Maria Leon, BA – John Jay College of Fremouw, PhD – West Virginia University; Christi Cooper- Criminal Justice; Louis Schlesinger, PhD – John Jay College Lehki, DO – West Virginia University of Criminal Justice

To better understand the etiology of juvenile sex offender’s Undoing is post-homicide crime scene behavior wherein the behavior, researchers have examined typologies including offender attempts to symbolically reverse the murder because victim-age. Using data from psychological evaluations and of feeling guilt or remorse by engaging in activity such as the Multiphasic Sex Inventory- II, this study compared child, washing, redressing, covering, or positioning the body on a peer, and mixed offenders on variables including victim, sofa/bed with the head on a pillow. Undoing is a relatively offender, and offense characteristics, and psychosexual rare event which typically occurs when there was a close development. Compared to child and peer offenders, mixed relationship between victim and offender. Using a non- offenders began offending younger, offended against male random national sample of 899 homicide crime scenes, we and female victims, both related and unrelated. Mixed studied the prevalence and victim-offender relationship offenders were also more likely to fail sex offender treatment. patterns of undoing in homicide cases. Implications for investigations and for understanding this type of crime scene 080. To Deny or to Confess? An Interrogation Decision- behavior are discussed. Making Model Yueran Yang, MS – Iowa State University; Stephanie Madon, 083. Stereotype Threat and Social Dominance Behaviors PhD – Iowa State University; Max Guyll, PhD – Iowa State in Police Encounters University Kimberly M. Bernstein, BS – University at Albany; Cynthia Najdowski, PhD – University at Albany; Patricia Breault – To understand why people confess in a custodial University at Albany interrogation, the authors propose an interrogation decision- making model to provide a theoretical framework to organize Prior studies have revealed that black citizens report being the psychological processes underlying suspects’ confession concerned that police officers will stereotype them as decisions. This model organizes suspects’ decision-making criminals, both when asked about police in general and when through two distinct but interconnected processes—a micro imagining a specific encounter. We found that black men’s process and a macro process. The micro process of the model experiences of stereotype threat translated into actual proposes a mathematical framework to explain the behavior in a staged encounter with a white confederate. The psychological mechanisms underlying suspects’ single more relevant the black criminal stereotype was in the interrogation decision at a certain point in time. The macro encounter, the more black men exhibited nonverbal behaviors

137 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION that perceivers commonly associate with social dominance. Karenna F. Malavanti, PhD – Carson-Newman University; J. Because police may perceive such behaviors as reflecting a Trent Terrell, PhD – University of Mary Hardin-Baylor; negative demeanor, this effect could contribute to racial Michelle Dasse, MA – Baylor University disparities in policing. Decades of research have failed to adequately resolve the 084. The Reid Method: Prevalence Rates of Reid debate regarding which administration protocol— Techniques Cited in Female False Confession Cases simultaneous or sequential—is most efficacious when Stephen S. Grabner, II., MS – Nova Southeastern University; facilitating eyewitness identification of suspects. The present Carlye Conte, MS – Nova Southeastern University; Lenore study proposes a third protocol which combines the two Walker, EdD – Nova Southeastern University methods by presenting photographs one-at-a-time, but in a continuous loop. By reducing the likelihood of comparative Previous research has demonstrated that techniques used in judgments while still allowing witnesses to see each interrogative settings by law enforcement may make photograph before making a decision, the aim is to maximize individuals more likely to falsely confess, which indicates that the positive aspects of the established protocols while the techniques used currently may not have the diagnostic eliminating noted drawbacks. Initial results suggest that this power they are cited to have in eliciting true confessions. The hybrid protocol produces rates of identification accuracy purpose of this study is to examine a database of female false comparable to those of the established approaches, making it confession cases to best understand the role of interrogative a method worthy of further investigation. tactics in the elicitation of a female false confession. Analyses will be conducted on techniques cited as motivating coerced 088. English-as-a-Second Language Eyewitnesses: false confessions in order to best understand how the Interview Misunderstandings and Resolutions techniques influenced these confessions. Meredith Allison, PhD – Elon University; Cecily Basquin – Elon University; Jennifer Gerwing, PhD – University of 085. Source Recruitment in the Cyber Domain Victoria Joshua Alexander, BA – Texas A&M International University; Kate Houston, PhD – Texas A&M International University Few studies have considered communication processes when eyewitnesses to a crime speak English-as-a-Second Language Given cyber-criminality takes place in the anonymous domain (ESL, Lee, 2009). The current study examined whether of the internet, finding tactics to influence sources to come misunderstandings occurred in interviews in which mock forward and interact with law enforcement agencies is police officers interviewed ESL eyewitnesses (n = 17 pairs). paramount. A 2 x 2 between-subjects experiment was We found a total of 40 misunderstandings across all pairs. A designed to investigate the utility of social influence trend in the data showed that misunderstandings may be more techniques delivered via written communication. Participants likely in cued rather than free recall questioning. are given a letter requesting they visit a web-link in order to Misunderstandings were significantly more likely to be set-up an interview. The letter is written in an authoritative resolved than unresolved (p < .001). The participants used a tone or a friendly tone and responses are requested in either 7 variety of strategies to resolve these misunderstandings, or 14 days. It is predicted that those who receive the particularly when the misunderstandings were resolved (ps < authoritative letter will respond with greater frequency. .001).

086. Relationship-level Characteristics and Teen Dating 089. Confidently Accurate: Evaluating the Relationship Violence: Is It the past or the Present That Informs a Between Witness Confidence and Choosing Accuracy for Teen’s Relationship Future? Blind, 'Blinded' and Non-blind Identification Procedures Alison Nagel, MA – University of Virginia; N. Dickson Jennifer C. Parada – University of Washington Tacoma; Reppucci, PhD – University of Virginia Ekaterina Aladjieva – University of Washington, Tacoma; Stephen Ross, PhD – University of Washington, Tacoma We tested whether deviancy contexts in teens’ romantic relationships mattered above and beyond past abuse Past research suggests that administrator knowledge can experiences (witnessing parental violence and prior dating influence eyewitness’ decisions; which becomes problematic victimization). Results revealed that deviant contexts and considering that jurors rely on witnesses’ decision confidence prior dating victimization were significantly associated with when assessing the verdict of a perpetrator. We investigated relative increases in physical victimization across the influence of blind, blinded, and non-blind administration relationships. Findings align with a cumulative disadvantage of simultaneous and sequential photoarrays on the association perspective (Elder & Giele, 2009) and routine activity theory, between witness confidence and decision accuracy. To date, suggesting that violent experiences beget increasingly violent we have collected data from 329 participants using a 3(blind, experiences, and that dyadic offending puts youth at greater blinded, non-blind) x2(simultaneous, sequential) x2(target- risk for relationship abuse (Lauritsen et al., 1991). Findings present, target-absent) mixed factorial design. Our support intervention efforts targeting youth most often in preliminary results suggest that confidence is a better trouble at school or with the law. indicator of accuracy for simultaneous photoarrays. Furthermore, confidence in identifications made from 087. Hybridization of Simultaneous and Sequential simultaneous/blind procedures are the most calibrated Lineup Protocols Yields Comparable Identification responses while, simultaneous/blinded produced the least Efficacy calibrated responses.

138 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION and confidence. Implications include a need to limit pre- 090. Wrongful Convictions and Stereotypical Black identification instruction interactions between authorities and Features: When a Face-type Facilitates Misidentification eyewitnesses. Heather Kleider-Offutt, PhD – Georgia State University; Amanda Clevinger, MA – Georgia State University; Megan 093. Preschool Children's Suggestibility Is Consistent at 1- Capodanno – Georgia State University week and 4-months Following Post-Event Misinformation Laura Melnyk Gribble, PhD – King’s University College at A sub-group of Black men who retain ‘stereotypical Black’ the University of Western Ontario; Colleen Rempel, BA – facial features (i.e., dark skin, wide lips & nose) are King's University College at the University of Western associated with the criminal-Black-man-stereotype. The face- Ontario type and criminality link leads to harsh sentencing and misidentification from lineups in laboratory studies. There may be a delay of several months between a child’s Extending to real-world cases, we tested among Black men initial forensic interview and their later testimony. Published exonerated by the Innocence Project (IP), whether studies examining long-term effects of suggestive stereotypical face-types were more prominent for men interviewing involve repetition of the memory test. This incarcerated due to eyewitness misidentification (IP makes it difficult to ascertain the true effects of earlier eyewitness) than for non-misidentification reasons (IP other). suggestive interviewing, as the initial memory test may act as Results showed higher stereotypical-face rating for IP- an additional suggestive interview. Thus in our design, eyewitness exonerates than for IP-other exonerates, cross-race preschoolers participated in a magic show followed by a identification was not a factor. Face-type bias may contribute suggestive interview one week later, and a single memory test to wrongful convictions followed the suggestive interview by either 1-week or 4- months. The misinformation effect was equivalent for the 1- 091. Use of the Cognitive Interview Technique on the week and 4-month groups. Internet: Respondents’ Free Recall and Resistance to Misleading Questions 094. Eyewitness Confidence and Accuracy: An Evaluation Kaeko Yokota, Dr – National Research Institute of Police of Pre- versus Post-Lineup Confidence Science; Taeko Wachi, Dr – National Research Institute of Jane Bednarz, MS – Texas A&M University – Commerce; Police Science; Yusuke Otsuka, MA – National Research Curt Carlson, PhD – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Institute of Police Science; Kazuki Hirama, MA – National Maria Carlson, PhD – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Research Institute of Police Science; Kazumi Watanabe, Dr – Alex Wooten, MS – Texas A&M University - Commerce; Dave National Research Institute of Police Science Young – Texas A&M University - Commerce

The applicability of the cognitive interview technique for use Recent research has shown the benefits of using calibration in Internet surveys was examined using a 4(cognitive analyses to determine the relationship between eyewitness interview technique: report everything, context reinstatement, confidence and accuracy (CA). We applied this method to mixed, control) × 4 (pre-recall instruction: don’t guess, report explore the CA relationship both for pre- and post-lineup a lot of information even if unconfident, mixed, control) confidence. There were three conditions differing only in the between-subjects factorial design. Results showed that the timing of confidence assessment: (a) immediately after “report everything” technique increased the amount of free encoding, (b) immediately after the lineup decision, or (c) recall, and that the “don’t guess” and “report a lot of both after encoding and after the lineup decision. We found information even if unconfident” (where participants were that pre-lineup confidence assessment harmed calibration. concurrently asked to report being “unconfident” if they were) This implies that police might want to exercise caution when instructions, when given prior to memory recall, were found interviewing eyewitnesses shortly after a crime, as there is the to enhance participants’ resistance to misleading questions. potential to weaken the CA relationship for the subsequent identification. 092. Not-So-Innocuous Influences: The Impact of Pre- admonition Suggestion on Showups 095. Appearance Change Instruction: Helpful or Harmful Katherine Luecht, BS – University of Alabama in Huntsville; to Eyewitness Identification? Jeffrey Neuschatz, PhD – University of Alabama in Ryan A. Rush, PhD – Wabash College; Zack King – Wabash Huntsville; Deah Quinlivan, PhD – Florida Southern College; Chanc Ravish – Wabash College College; Morgan MacIssac – Florida Southern College; Daniella Cash, MA – Louisiana State University; Kylie Key, Many police departments inform witnesses that a MA – Oklahoma State University perpetrator’s appearance may have changed prior viewing a lineup. The current study examined the Appearance Change Do pre-admonition suggestions impact showup Instruction following a brief social interaction. Results identifications? This experiment focused on assessing the showed that when participants were given a target absent impact of pre-admonition suggestions on showup lineup there was a significant difference in the pattern of identifications. Participants watched a mock crime video, identification responses between those given the ACI and wrote a description of the event and were randomly assigned those not given the ACI; χ2 (2, N = 128) = 4.83, p = 045, but to receive pre-admonition suggestion or not before receiving not when presented with a target present lineup. The results instructions and the showup. Results indicated clear trends suggest that the ACI increases foil identifications when the supporting the influence of pre-admonition on both choosing target is removed from the lineup.

139 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION

096. Effect of Between-Subject Decision Noise on 097. To Tell or Not to Tell: Young Adults’ Disclosures of Eyewitness ROC Analysis: A Theory Space Exploration an Observed Wrongdoing Using the WITNESS Model Sarah Yachison, PhD Candidate – Student; James Okoshken, Ryan M. McAdoo, BA – University of Oklahoma; Scott BA – McGill; Victoria Talwar, PhD – McGill University Gronlund, PhD – University of Oklahoma The current study sought to examine a specific type of whistle A recent report from the National Academy of Sciences blowing, namely adult’s peer-reporting of another’s concluded that ROC analysis is an important tool for fraudulent wrongdoing. Participants witnessed a confederate evaluating reforms that have been proposed governing the cheating in order to obtain a monetary reward. Most construction and administration of lineups. But various factors participants did not voluntarily disclose the event, but rather fluctuate across eyewitnesses and these sources of noise may required prompting in the form of direct questions. affect ROC analysis, and may contribute to performance Participants were asked to further explain their decisions to differences between simultaneous and sequential lineups. We peer-report or withhold information about the cheating. The used the WINESS model to explore three possible sources of reasons and barriers associated with the decision to disclose between-subject noise. Performance was affected when or not about the transgression will be discussed. The results criteria placement and encoding was varied across provide greater insight into peer-reporting and the factors eyewitnesses, but not when variable confidence criterion which can either encourage or discourage it within an placement. It is important to understand how between-subject organizational setting. variability affects the validity of ROC analysis.

140 SATURDAY EVENING POSTER SESSION Participant Index Baker, M, 99, 107 Balduzzi, E, 42 Ball, E, 55, 62 A Banfe, S, 42 Banford, M, 135 Aaby, D, 52 Barbaree, H, 57 Aalsma, M, 125 Barber-Rioja, V, 72 Abate, A, 52, 62 Barese, T, 54, 60 Abram, K, 52 Barkworth, J, 106 Adams, E, 116 Barlow, M, 128 Adya, M, 97 Barnes, M, 51 Aglan, A, 84 Barnett, B, 108 Ahern, E, 34, 51, 116, 131 Barongi, M, 77 Aiken, M, 47 Barrett, J, 54 Aladjieva, E, 139 Barry, C, 83, 102 Albo, T, 130 Barry, M, 120 Alexander, A, 53, 71, 77, 95 Baskin-Sommers, A, 60 Alexander, J, 59, 138 Basquin, C, 138 Alexander, O, 137 Batastini, A, 65, 135 Allison, M, 89, 138 Bate, B, 89, 126 Altman, C, 72, 73 Baucom, D, 135 Alvarez, F, 116 Bauer, R, 136 Alvarez, M, 110 Bearden, E, 82 Ambrosini, D, 80 Beaudry, J, 118 Amerigo, L, 77 Becker, J, 111 Anastasi, J, 106 Bederian-Gardner, D, 39 Ancis, J, 33 Bednarz, J, 91, 139 Anderson, A, 51 Belfi, B, 97, 102, 109, 127 Anderson, J, 79, 108 Bell, O, 61 Andretta, J, 51 Beltrani, A, 36 Andrews, S, 67, 116 Bergold, A, 112, 131 Appleby, S, 63, 106 Bernhard, P, 116, 126 Applegate, K, 36 Bernstein, D, 103 April, K, 96 Bernstein, K, 138 Arganbright, H, 61, 122 Bethel, K, 75, 120 Armenti, N, 126 Betz, C, 61 Arnold, S, 94 Biro, S, 132 Aroz, G, 130 Bizar-Stanton, B, 114 Arredondo, B, 78 Blais, J, 39 Arriola, K, 33 Blandon-Gitlin, I, 94 Arthurson-McColl, Z, 39 Blandón-Gitlin, I, 94 Arzoumanian, M, 90 Blank, W, 85 Ash, P, 72 Blanksby, G, 118 Atkinson, D, 53, 90 Blasbalg, U, 34 Austin, E, 135 Bloom, A, 79 Azores-Gococo, N, 52, 54 Boateng, A, 88 Boccaccini, M, 46, 70, 78, 88, 106, 116, 119, 126, 134, 137 B Bogaerts, S, 47 Boman, J, 121 Babcock, J, 126 Bonaci, B Bach, A, 33 , 107 Bonnie, R Bacharach, V, 99, 107 , 123 Boone, K, 108 Baguley, C, 80, 127 Borgida Bakanosky, S, 39 , E, 99 Bornstein, B, 80, 85, 92, 100, 111, 123, 132 Baker, D, 130

141 Boswell, A, 104 Capodanno, M, 139 Bottoms, B, 115 Capparelli, A, 92 Boyd, S, 70 Caretti, V, 47 Boyle, J, 110 Carl, T, 131 Braaten, E, 83 Carlson, C, 72, 91, 139 Brackman, E, 135 Carlson, M, 91, 139 Bradley, A, 85 Carlucci, M, 81 Bradshaw, C, 49 Carol, R, 68, 130 Brank, E, 39, 69, 98, 123 Carter, R, 35 Brasee, C, 92 Cartwright, J, 108 Bratcher, J, 103 Cash, D, 108, 113, 118, 139 Breault, P, 138 Castro, S, 121 Bregant, J, 35 Cauffman, E, 83, 93, 131 Breitman, M, 34 Cavanagh, C, 93, 131 Breulmann, H, 137 Ceci, S, 117 Brewer, N, 60 Cederborg, A, 67 Bridges, A, 116 Cervera, J, 72 Bright, S, 104 Chadick, C, 65 Brimbal, L, 43, 64 Chae, Y, 39, 66 Britton, J, 42 Chaimowitz, G, 80 Brodsky, S, 70, 85, 102, 104, 110, 123, 133 Chapan, D, 108 Broers, N, 40 Charman, S, 40, 45, 107, 113 Brogan, L, 52, 77 Cheevers, C, 47 Brown, D, 131 Chen, D, 79 Bruck, M, 68 Christopher, S, 79, 109 Bruer, K, 41, 45, 133 Clark, A, 101, 102 Bryant, J, 88 Clark, J, 110 Bryson, C, 50, 51, 78 Clark, L A, 84 Buechler, J, 57 Clark, S, 60, 100, 101, 107 Bull, R, 94 Cleary, H, 136 Bulling, D, 48, 87 Cleveland, K, 38 Bullock, W, 88 Clevinger, A, 139 Burd, K, 117 Cline, E, 133 Burke, T, 82, 86, 121 Clomax, T, 85 Burnette, J, 65 Clough, J, 72 Burns, G, 87 Clow, K, 36 Burris, E, 88 Coffey, C, 86, 87 Bussey, K, 131 Cohn, E, 43, 122 Cole, J, 39 C Cole, L, 43, 74, 75, 120, 122 Condie, L, 132 Cabeldue, M, 106 Conely, S, 128 Cahill, B, 45, 107 Conkey, J, 41 Calderin, D, 42 Connel, E, 128 Calhoun, G, 84 Connors, C, 40, 112 Calhoun, S, 125 Conradt, T, 92 Calkins, C, 44, 46, 65 Conroy, M, 104 Camaione, T, 38 Conte, C, 78, 132, 138 Camins, J, 52, 55 Cook, A, 75 Campbell, J, 40 Cook, N, 54, 83 Campbell, K, 78 Cook, S, 58 Campregher, J, 69 Cooper, B, 48, 96 Cannizzaro, L, 41 Cooper, D, 54 Cantor, J, 125 Cooper-Lehki, C, 137

142 Corbari, E, 47 Dismukes, A, 45 Corcoran, M, 74, 120 Donley, S, 83, 93 Cordon, I, 36, 39 Donnellan, M B, 55, 103 Cornell, D, 49 Dotson, E, 87 Cort, D, 108 Doty, N, 83 Corum, M, 127 Douglas, K, 37, 69, 70 Cory, M, 102 Downey, A, 84 Costanza, M, 131 Doyle, A, 83 Cowan, S, 121 Drislane, L, 103 Cox, B, 130 Drogin, E, 35 Cox, J, 61, 82, 86, 122, 128 Du, W, 80 Craig, R, 128 Duda, M, 106 Cramer, R, 50, 51, 105, 106, 116 Dunbar, A, 36 Crosby, J, 106 Dunn, J, 60 Crossman, A, 43, 64 Durham, K, 52, 94, 96 Crowley, B, 66 Dvoskin, J, 123 Cruise, K, 55 Cudmore, R, 136 E Cueva, M, 38 Culhane, S, 121 Early, R, 101 Cyr, M, 34 Eddy, T, 38 Edelen, M, 56 D Edens, J, 52, 54, 55, 60, 62, 70, 103, 128 Edkins, V, 68, 69, 107 Dadgardoust, L, 46 Edner, B, 84 Daftary-Kapur, T, 69 Edwards, L, 114 Dalrymple, J, 111 Efferson, L, 134 Daniels, J, 90 Eichorst, M, 51 Danzer, G, 108 Einzig, S, 102 Dasse, M, 138 Eisen, M, 130 Dauria, E, 52 Eisenbrandt, L, 132 Davidson, J, 47 Elbogen, E, 38, 73 Davis, J, 42 Elias, H, 83 Davis, K, 38 Elledge, C, 123 Dawson, E, 53 Elliott, E, 67 Day, S, 130 Ellis, Sara, 61 Deeken, D, 111 Elsen, M, 99 DeKraai, M, 48, 87 Erentzen, C, 81 deLacy, R, 36, 49, 97 Erickson, W, 62 Delisle, A, 60 Eriksson, L, 105 Dellapaolera, K, 85, 92, 100, 111 Ermshar, A, 108 DeMarco, J, 47 Espinosa, S, 64 DeMatteo, D, 42, 61, 87 Estrada-Reynolds, V, 117, 121 Demay, E, 128 Evans, A, 41 Denne, E, 115 Evans, J, 59, 64, 68, 83, 90 Dervan, L, 58, 68, 69 Evans, M, 88 Desmarais, S, 41, 50, 65, 88, 108, 135 Evelo, A, 40, 86 Despodova, N, 129, 130 Ewanation, L, 128 Dettmer, J, 38 DeVault, A, 62, 115 F Dianiska, R, 53, 108 Diego, M, 64, 92 Fairfax-Columbo, J, 61 Dieter, A, 103 Falkenbach, D, 55 Dion, J, 34 Falligant, J, 95

143 Fanniff, A, 37, 41 Gay, J, 127 Farrukh, M, 36 Geise, C, 75 Federici, O, 91, 128 Gemberling, T, 50, 105 Fedorowich, C, 120 Gentile, J, 79 Fenn, E, 94 Gentry, R, 81 Fenwick, K, 122 Gerbrandij, J, 103 Ferguson, E, 117, 121 Gerwing, J, 138 Ferrone, C, 71 Gettings, C, 129 Fessinger, M, 64 Giallella, C, 94 Feuerman, K, 88 Gibson, C, 42 Fey, T, 94 Giles, E, 109, 120 Field, B, 84 Gillen, C, 102 Filone, S, 42 Gillingham, C, 43 Fine, A, 93 Girvan, E, 39, 106 Fineran, V, 137 Glassmire, D, 79 Fisher, C, 41 Glenn, A, 37, 101, 134 Fisher, R, 53 Goldfarb, D, 38, 39 Fitzgerald, R, 45 Golding, S, 105 Fitzgerald. R, 45 Goldstein, N, 46, 52, 67, 74, 75, 77, 96, 109, 120 Fix, R, 95 Gongola, J, 111, 116 Fleischmann, M, 99, 100 Gonsalves, V, 71 Flour, O, 72 Gonzalez, R, 72, 73, 89, 136 Foellmi, M, 73, 74 Gonzalez, S, 64 Fondacaro, M, 58 Goodman, G, 34, 36, 39, 66, 68 Formon, D, 78, 126 Goodman, M, 66 Forth, A, 102, 132 Goodsell, C, 91 Foster, E, 43, 79, 80 Goodwill, A, 125 Foster, I, 43 Gordon, L, 107 Fountain, E, 110 Gordon, N, 110 Fowler, K, 61 Gorgens, K, 38 Freedman, S, 82 Gottfried, E, 79 Freese, J, 126 Gowensmith, N, 38, 103, 114 Fremouw, W, 137 Gowensmith, W, 38 Freng, S, 121 Gowensmith, W N, 103 Fretz, R, 61, 87, 114, 136 Grabner, S, 132, 138 Frick, P, 93 Grabowski, K, 136 Frowd, C, 62 Grace, R, 132 Graham, N, 44 G Gräns, M, 64 Green, D, 102, 109, 127 Gale-Bentz, E, 96, 109, 120 Greenbaum, C, 135 Galicia, B, 49 Greene, E, 56, 86, 110, 123 Galietta, M, 60 Greene, S, 86 Gallo, D, 116 Gribble, L, 90, 139 Gallo, J, 87 Griesel, D, 48 Gallo, T, 63 Griffin, P, 72, 94 Galloway, M, 58, 61 Grimm, K, 108 Gambow, A, 37 Grisso, T, 75, 79, 97, 104, 105 Garcia, S, 59 Grogan, C, 130 Gardner, B, 38, 88 Gronlund, S, 91, 113, 140 Garrett, B, 119 Groscup, J, 97, 98 Garrick, J, 110 Grossi, L, 54, 109, 111 Gatner, D, 69, 70 Grover, S, 73, 74 Gavel, D, 126 Guarnera, L, 66

144 Gur, R, 38 Hill, D, 96 Guszkowski, K, 78 Hill, L, 88 Gutierrez, L, 39 Hinz, H, 97, 127 Guyll, M, 43, 63, 90, 137 Hirama, K, 139 Guyton, M, 72, 135 Hobbs, S, 39 Hodges, H, 71 H Hoeffner, C, 135 Hoekwater, B, 85 Habarth, J, 114 Hoetger, L, 39, 98 Haby, J, 69, 98 Hofer, M, 109, 121 Hackathorn, J, 90 Hogan, C, 69 Hafdahl, R, 130 Hogue, A, 37 Hagsand, A, 72 Holcomb, K, 87 Hall, A, 67 Holdren, S, 137 Hall, K, 132 Holley, S, 50 Hamilton, M, 58 Holliday, S B, 56, 74 Hamm, J, 132 Hollinger, R, 55 Han, W, 77 Honeyman, C, 100 Haney-Caron, E, 74, 75 Hoogesteyn, K, 73 Hanks, C, 41 Hope, D, 133 Hanten, G, 38 Hope, L, 40 Harkins, L, 46, 114 Horner, R, 106 Harmon, J, 56 Hornsby, S, 108 Harrelson, M, 71, 77, 95 Hoskowitz, N, 56 Harris, P, 78, 134 Houck, M, 67, 74, 75, 77, 120 Harrison, N, 101, 102 House, B, 129 Hart, J, 55, 62 Houston, K, 53, 59, 138 Hart, K, 79, 115, 131 Hudacek, K, 95 Hart, S, 60, 69, 70, 75, 135 Human, R, 131 Hartigan, S, 113, 130 Humphey, N, 79 Harton, H, 84 Hunt, J, 44 Hartwig, M, 50, 53 Hunter, S, 130 Harvey, L, 109 Huston, B, 127 Harvey, M, 133 Haugen, A, 51 I Haugh, T, 58 Hauptman, K, 39 Iaccino, J, 89 Hawes, S, 70, 134 Iselin, A, 45 Hazen, K, 39 Ishizaki, C, 133 Heath, W, 36 Islam-Zwart, K, 87 Hedge, K, 36 Heilbrun, A, 49 J Heilbrun, K, 44, 57, 61, 65, 83, 87, 97, 114, 136 Hein, C, 48, 87 Jackson, J, 48 Hellgren, J, 53 Janssen, J, 52, 67 Helmus, L, 46 Janus, E, 57 Henderson, C, 37, 56, 78, 89, 103, 106 Jarrett, J, 55 Henderson, K, 35 Javdani, S, 135 Henry, S, 100, 128 Jebens, S, 115 Herrington, L, 83 Jeglic, E, 65, 100 Hershkowitz, I, 34 Jenkins, A, 88 Hess, D, 53 Jennings, S, 111 Hessler, L, 84 Jeon, A, 133 Hiley, A, 129 Jeon, H, 126, 134

145 Jiang, L, 88 Kois, L, 127 Jimenez, I, 84 Kopkin, M, 61, 86, 122 John, R, 44 Kovera, M, 40, 112, 130 Johnson, A, 37 Krackow, E, 80, 91, 128 Johnson, J, 50, 68 Kraker, A, 131, 133 Johnson, K, 50, 108 Krix, A, 125 Johnson, M, 45, 89 Kubrin, C, 36 Johnson, S, 67, 77, 82, 91, 128 Kuhl, A, 103 Johnston, L, 103 Kukucka, J, 39, 63 Jones, E, 85 Kunemund, A, 84 Jones, M, 85 Kunz, M, 102 Joseph, E, 50 Kurinec, C, 81, 82 Jung, S, 89 Kurzban, R, 122 Juslin, P, 64 Kutchen, T, 103, 104

K L

Kalbeitzer, R, 77 LaDuke, C, 87 Kaminski, K, 44 Lally, S, 127 Kamke, K, 81 Lamade, R, 71, 111 Kamphuis, J, 108 Lamb, K, 131 Kan, L, 78, 83, 103, 126 Lamb, M, 34, 43, 51, 67, 116, 131 Kana, R, 101 Lampinen, J, 59, 62, 116 Kang, T, 96, 109 Lane, S, 92, 108, 113, 118 Karni-Visel, Y, 34 Langley, S, 63 Kaslow, N, 33 Lant, J, 41 Kassin, S, 129 Larkins, D, 54 Kavetski, M, 83, 113 Larson, K, 63 Kehn, A, 51, 106 Larson, R, 107 Kekessie, S, 45 Lason, K, 63 Kelley, S, 54, 55, 77, 103, 119 Lauren, C, 99 Kelner, W, 77 Lavoie, J, 94 Kemp, K, 53, 72 Lawrence, A, 89 Kempker, S, 126 Lawson, M, 68 Kendrick, K, 90, 117 Lawson, V, 39 Kennealy, P, 96, 109 Layfield, A, 71 Kent, J, 78 Le Blanc, A, 61 Key, K, 111, 113, 139 Leach, A, 67 Keyes, L, 51 Leark, R, 81, 86 Khadivi, A, 73, 74 Lecci, L, 131, 133 Khogali, M, 43 Leduc, K, 122 Kieckhaefer, J, 68, 116, 117 Leippe, M, 129 Kienzle, M, 49 LeMay, C, 132 Killion, B, 136 Leo, R, 99 King, C, 61, 114, 136 Leon, K, 84 King, R, 89 Leon, M, 137 King, Z, 140 Levett, L, 35, 39 Kleider-Offutt, H, 139 Levin, H, 38 Klein, J, 54 Levitt, L, 75 Kleinman, S, 53, 59 Levulis, S, 65 Klemfuss, J, 64 Li, X, 38 Kleynhans, A, 80, 132 Lidén, M, 64 Kliethermes, B, 85 Lilienfeld, S, 129 Koburn, K, 131 Lillard, C, 137

146 Lim, Y, 75 Marshall, K, 56 Lindholm, J, 67 Marsil, D, 49 Lindsay, R, 113 Martin, A, 133 Lipson, G, 81, 86 Martin, E, 89 Lloyd, K, 80 Martin, J, 68 Locantore, D, 134 Martin, T, 125 Lockamyeir, R, 91 Martinez, R, 55 Locklair, B, 95 Masser, B, 80, 127 Lockwood, D, 85 Massey, C, 89 Loftin, R, 75 Mathew, N, 41 London, K, 51, 66, 67, 68 Matthews, K, 91, 128 Loney, D, 114 Mattos, L, 37 Longo, A, 80 Mauer, V, 93, 109, 121 Lonnemann, A, 131 Maxwell, M, 82 Louden, J, 96, 109 Mayberry, J, 91 Love, H, 36 McAdoo, R, 91, 113, 140 Low, E, 48, 87 McAuliff, B, 64 Lowder, E, 41, 88, 135 McCallum, K, 46, 137 Loya, J, 75, 120 McCormick, P, 41 Luecht, K, 111, 139 McCracken, E, 57, 129 Luke, T, 53 McCrea, S, 48 Lyon, T, 34, 43, 64, 111, 118 McDermott, B, 55 Lytle, N, 66, 67 McDermott, C, 56, 57, 62, 110 McGonigal, P, 125 M McGrew, J, 125 McGuire, K, 108 MacDougall, E, 84, 102 McIntosh, K, 106 Macgill, S, 116 McKenzie, S, 78 Machen, B, 128 McKimmie, B, 80, 127 MacIssac, M, 139 McKitten, R, 74, 120 Mackelprang, E, 111 McLaughlin, J, 78, 126 Madon, S, 43, 63, 90, 137 McLaughlin, K, 129 Maeder, E, 112, 122, 128, 129 McMahon, R, 37 Magdalino, C, 128 McManus, L, 112, 129 Magyar, M, 52, 55, 62 McMillan, B, 38 Mahoney, G, 62 McNally, M, 38 Maier, S, 80 McNamara, C, 49 Malamuth, N, 71 McQuiston, D, 72 Malavanti, K, 81, 82, 138 McWilliams, K, 34, 43, 66 Malik, S, 111 Mechanic, M, 99 Mallay, N, 40 Medved, D, 88 Malloy, L, 34, 116, 117 Meier, V, 49 Maloney, K, 38, 78 Meisegeier, A, 131 Manchak, S, 37, 61 Meissner, C, 53, 112 Mandracchia, J, 84, 89, 126, 133, 136 Mennie, K, 92 Maney, S, 136 Merckelbach, H, 125 Mannes, S, 79, 80 Mersch, S, 132 Manon, M, 53 Metroz, H, 102, 103 Mantiply, A, 85 Meyer, L, 38, 114 Marcopulos, B, 78 Michael, S, 59 Marcus, D, 69, 87 Michel, S, 64 Marek, H, 39 Mickes, L, 60 Marshall, E, 98 Mikytuck, A, 136 Marshall, J, 129 Miler, R, 116

147 Miller, J, 111 Nese, R, 106 Miller, K, 82 Neuschatz, J, 91, 111, 113, 139 Miller, M, 56, 57, 62, 105, 110, 115, 121, 132 Newsham, R, 83 Miller, S, 51 Nguyen, K, 44 Mills, C, 79 Nijdam-Jones, A, 49, 55, 73, 74 Miltimore, S, 93 Nobles, M, 50, 105 Mitchell, C, 48 Normile, C, 85 Mitchell, K, 128 Nunez, N, 44, 51, 117, 121, 128 Mivshek, M, 89, 133 Nusbaum, A, 129 Mogannam, R, 41 Mok, C, 100 O Molinaro, P, 53 Monahan, J, 122 O'Neal, T, 82, 129 Monnink, J, 128 O’Donnell, P, 75 Montijo, K, 135 Obando, V, 127 Mooney, K, 104 Ogle, C, 39 Moore, A, 91, 128 Ogloff, J, 72 Moore, C, 133 Okoshken, J, 140 Moore, K, 62, 77, 116, 125 Olaguez, A, 130 Moore, M, 133 Oramas, S, 107 Moore, R, 129 Oriet, C, 45 More, C, 63, 90 Otsuka, Y, 139 Moreira, S, 81 Otto, R, 63, 113 Moreland, M, 101 Owens, M, 80 Morey, L, 60 Morgan, R, 65, 89, 135, 136 P Morson, R, 38 Mosich, M, 38, 96 Pace, U, 47 Mosser, A, 53 Packman, W, 114 Moulden, H, 80 Pagan, M, 133 Mowle, E, 103 Panza, N, 106 Mueller, D, 101 Parada, J, 139 Mueller, J, 86 Parish, R, 100 Mugno, A, 34, 64, 116 Parrot, C T, 61 Mulvey, E, 70 Pasion-Perez, B, 64 Munoz, C, 89, 126 Passanisi, A, 47 Murphy, K, 106 Patel, A, 114 Murrie, D, 70, 72, 88, 119, 134 Patel, M, 122 Mutek, A, 87 Patrick, A, 135 Myers, B, 91, 128 Patrick, C, 103 Myers, J, 91 Patry, M, 40, 112 Myerson, T, 113 Patterson, V, 40 Pearson, J, 127 N Pena, M, 59, 73 Penrod, S, 131 Nadkarni, L, 114 Penson, B, 60 Nagar, M, 94 Perez, C, 45, 107, 116 Nagel, A, 138 Perez, L, 56 Najdowski, C, 83, 138 Perillo, A, 46 Narr, R, 39 Perry, J, 97 Nathanson, R, 63 Peter-Hagene, L, 112, 117 Neal, T, 37, 65, 119, 123 Peters, C, 82, 129 NeMoyer, A, 77, 96, 109 Peterson, C, 43 Nesbitt, B, 81 Petrila, J, 41, 88, 135

148 Pettalia, J, 101 Reifsteck, T, 69 Pettis, T, 100 Reinhard, E, 55 Pezdek, K, 94 Reiser, L, 128 Phalen, H, 77 Reiter, S, 83, 135 Phillips, D, 91, 128 Remmel, R, 101 Phillips, S, 65 Rempel, C, 139 Phillpot, A, 42 Renzetti, C, 134 Pica, E, 45, 129 Reppucci, N D, 46, 66, 93, 109, 121, 138 Pick, L, 117 Revelin, S, 84 Pickel, K, 73, 81 Reynolds, J, 48 Pietruszka, V, 114 Ricardo, M, 52, 62 Pimentel, P, 59 Ricciardelli, R, 36 Pinals, D, 63 Ricks, E, 75, 96 Pirelli, G, 113 Rideout, K, 42 Plese, K, 85 Ridge, B, 51, 55 Plogher, T, 57, 129 Ritchie, M, 132 Powell, M, 73 Ritter, A, 131 Power, J, 136 Rivard, J, 64, 92 Pozzulo, J, 45, 101 Roesch, R, 105 Prentky, R, 54, 57, 58, 71, 111 Rogers, R, 35, 100, 105, 128 Prescott, D, 114 Romaine, C R, 55 Pressman, D, 75 Romero, E, 117 Price, H, 40, 41, 45, 133 Roosevelt, S, 34, 43 Prichard, K, 91, 128 Rose, J, 54 Prince, K, 41 Rosenfeld, B, 49, 55, 57, 60, 73, 74 Provenza, K, 121 Rosenthal, J, 100 Provenzano, A, 62 Rosinski, A, 49 Prpa, T, 80 Ross, S, 117, 139 Puccia, A, 47 Rotter, M, 73 Pymont, C, 108 Routhier, C, 134 Ruchensky, J, 55, 60, 70 Q Rulseh, A, 54, 70 Rush, R, 140 Quas, J, 38, 111 Russano, M, 59 Quick, E, 45 Russell, M, 137 Quickel, E, 134 Ruva, C, 40, 130 Quinlivan, D, 118, 139 Quiroz, V, 40 S R Saks, M, 37 Salecedo, A, 93 Rade, C, 41, 65, 88 Salekin, K, 36, 49, 79, 97 Ragatz, L, 127 Salekin, R, 50, 84, 87, 101, 102 Raggio, A, 82 Salema, E, 136 Rama, L, 96 Salerno, A, 86 Ramler, T, 89 Salerno, J, 86, 111, 117 Ratkalkar, M, 46, 52 Sallee, M, 102 Ravish, C, 140 Salonen, L, 129 Ray, J, 93 Sambrano, D, 94 Reardon, M, 106 Sams, D, 133 Reba-Harrelson, L, 48 Sanchez, D, 117 Redlich, A, 68, 77 Sanchez, M, 86 Reed, A, 36, 126, 135 Sarmiento-Zamudio, M, 85 Reed, K, 85, 123 Satin, G, 53

149 Sauer, J, 40, 118 Smith, S T, 54 Sauerland, M, 40, 125 Smolkowski, K, 106 Saulter, L, 79, 131 Snead, A, 126 Scalora, M, 48, 71, 87, 126 Sneyd, D, 73 Schaaf, S, 71 Snow, M, 80 Scherr, K, 85 Sorman, K, 54 Schilder, J, 47 Spencer, S, 71 Schimmenti, A, 47 Sperry, L, 75 Schlenker, M, 50 Spivak, B, 72 Schlesinger, L, 137 Sporer, S, 44, 100 Schlosser, MJ, 71 Stanziani, M, 128 Schmidt, A, 37, 38, 50, 56, 106, 126 Staut, M, 130 Schmidt, C, 100 Steadham, J, 79 Schramm, A, 84 Steblay, N, 59 Schrantz, K, 78 Stefan, S, 58 Schreiber, J, 54 Stein, M, 103 Schreiber-Compo, N, 64, 68, 72, 73, 92, 101, 117 Steinberg, L, 93 Schriver, J, 89, 133 Stejskal, W, 71 Schuberth, D, 37 Stellwag, L, 133 Schuller, R, 81 Stephens, S, 125 Schwartz, L, 63 Stevenson, M, 56, 57, 115, 129 Schweitzer, K, 44, 51, 117, 121 Stinson, J, 132 Schweitzer, N, 130 Stockdale, P, 99 Scurich, N, 44, 111, 116, 128 Stolzenberg, S, 34 Sea, J, 135 Strange, A, 129 Segovia, D, 43 Strange, S, 75 Sellbom, M, 37, 103, 108 Stroud, C, 51 Semman, J, 71 Sturm, K, 86 Seto, M, 125 Sugarbaker, D, 108 Shaffer, C, 37 Summers, A, 115 Shaffer, S, 59 Susan, B, 53 Sharf, A, 35, 100 Swank, P, 80 Shather, B, 90 Swanner, J, 53 Shaver, P, 66 Swanson, J, 123 Sherman, M, 90 Swartz, M, 108 Shields, C, 65 Swift, P, 91 Shirtcliff, E, 45 Sylvara, A, 89 Shiva, A, 60 Szojka, Z, 67 Shoemake, R, 91 Shumate, S, 96, 100 T Sicafuse, L, 115 Silberkleit, G, 36 Ta, M, 79 Simon, H, 120 Tague, C, 127 Singer, S, 120 Tahan, E, 69 Skeem, J, 61, 122 Tait, R, 54 Sleep, C, 111 Talwar, V, 43, 122, 140 Slobogin, C, 58, 63, 97, 99 Tan, L, 78 Smalarz, L, 63, 118 Tashjian, S, 39 Smid, W, 108 Taylor, L, 80 Smith, A, 113, 123 Tellez, D, 49 Smith, A M, 59 Tenbrink, T, 107 Smith, B, 114 Tennies, D, 114 Smith, K, 48, 122 Teplin, L, 52 Smith, S, 40, 103, 112 Ternes, M, 48

150 Terrell, J T, 138 Walker, T, 93, 109, 121 Thimsen, S, 85 Wall, T, 93 Thomas, A, 107 Wang, H, 126 Thomas, B, 80, 128 Warren, A, 51 Thomas, H, 84 Warren, J, 66 Thomas, M, 82 Warren, K, 43, 80, 136 Thompson, R, 66 Wasarhaley, N, 66, 134 Thornewill, A, 44 Washelesky, J, 79 Thornton, L, 93 Washington, G, 137 Thorpe, K, 91, 128 Watanabe, K, 139 Thorup, J, 89 Watkins, K, 51 Tieman, K, 136 Waymire, K, 106 Tinsley, Y, 72 Weatherford, D, 62, 91 Tobin, E, 74, 75 Weaver, C, 38, 81, 82, 96, 100 Tolou-Shams, M, 52 Weber, N, 60 Tomei, J, 106 Wechsler, H, 51, 78, 134 Tong, D, 43 Weintraub, J, 83 Torres, A, 72 Weiss, R, 48, 49 Tran, A, 82 Weisz, A, 92 Trescher, S, 57 Wellbeloved-Stone, J, 66 Troxel, N, 66 Wells, G, 59, 113, 118 Tsang, S, 87 Wells, W, 60 Tucker, J, 56 Welty, L, 52 Tueller, S, 108 West, M, 110, 121 Tupper, N, 40 Wetmore, S, 91, 111, 112, 113 Turner, J, 68 White, H, 60 Tylicki, J, 103, 104 White, L, 125 Whited, W, 84, 133 V Whitley, A, 116 Widaman, K, 66 Vallano, J, 67, 101, 117 Wiener, R, 133 Van Dorn, R, 41, 50, 88, 108, 135 Wijetunga, C, 55, 73, 74 Van Horn, S, 89 Wikowsky, A, 136 Van Koppen, P, 107 Wilkinson, W, 82, 129 Vanderbleek, E, 84 Willard, J, 43, 137 VanMeter, F, 51 Williams, E, 137 Varela, J, 78, 89, 126 Williams, J, 130 Vasquez, M, 38, 100 Williams, K, 41 Ventura, C, 129 Williams, M, 100 Vidal, S, 96 Wilson, C, 90 Viljoen, J, 37 Wilson, J, 102 Villalba, D, 117 Winerdal, U, 67 Vinas-Racionero, R, 126 Wingrove, T, 51, 60, 71 Vitacco, M, 42, 45, 61, 127 Winningham, D, 35 Vlahoylis, G, 135 Winter, S, 46 Vredeveldt, A, 107 Winters, G, 65, 100 Witt, E, 55, 87 W Wixted, J, 60 Woestehoff, S, 112 Wachi, T, 90, 139 Wood, E, 57, 110, 121 Wagage, S, 46, 67, 120 Wood, J, 75 Waggoner, B, 45 Wood, M, 36, 49, 79 Wagh, A, 130 Woodland, M, 51 Walker, L, 78, 132, 138 Woody, W, 130

151 Woolard, J, 33, 58, 96, 104, 110 Yasuhara, K, 53 Woolf, A, 92 Yelderman, L, 110 Wooten, A, 91, 139 Yenne, E, 51 Wornica, T, 115 Yokota, K, 139 Wright, H J, 94 Yoo, A, 94 Wright, M, 48 Young, C, 114 Wright, S, 48, 50, 105 Young, D, 91, 139 Wygant, D, 103, 104, 111 Young, S, 77, 125 Wylie, B, 45, 64 Young, W, 72 Wylie, L, 123, 132 Youngblood, J, 107 Wyman, J, 43 Yuille, J, 48

X Z

Xiao, Y, 88 Zannella, L, 109 Zapf, P, 36, 60, 113, 126, 135 Y Zappala, M, 55, 126 Zelle, H, 123 Yachison, S, 122, 140 Zhang, Z, 88 Yamamoto, S, 112, 122, 129 Zhao, H, 88 Yamasaki, Y, 133 Zimmerman, D, 134 Yang, B, 88 Zimmerman, S, 122 Yang, Y, 63, 118, 137 Zottoli, M, 64 Yanowitz, J, 81 Zottoli, T, 69 Yanowitz, K, 81

152 SPECIAL THANKS AND APPRECIATION

The conference co-chairs would like to thank the following people for all of their help:

Kathy Gaskey For your help and support (and patience) Clyde Gaskey For all that you do each year Jennifer Woolard For your dedication to making a great conference Kento Yasuhara For always being on top of the website Nancy Panza For the indispensible guide and answering all our questions Eve Brank For paying the bills Craig Christie, Jane Bednarz, and Alyssa Jones For the indispensible help through the entire process! Our Families For all of their support and patience!

STUDENT VOLUNTEERS

Breann Ahlman Emily Kan Lauren Bacon Courtney Kurinec Jane Bednarz Douglas Lewis Alicia Biscoe Robb Lockamyeir Brigitte Bonaci Noelle Matthew Liliana Bonet Brittany Nesbit Claire Bryson Di Nguyen Victoria Carter Julia Odom-Dixon La'Bianca Champion Jennifer Palacios Brittany Crowley Deshawn Sambrano Emily Denne Sierra Shumate Kara-Beth Farrell Greg Sullens Tina Fey Kenita Sullivan Stacey Frank Willie Williamson, Jr Anna Heilbrun Taylor Wornic Alyssa Jones David Young

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presents

4th Annual Division 42 Forensic Psychology Conference: Psychological Assessment, Ethics and Expert Testimony April 29-May 1, 2016 Hilton Pasadena - Pasadena, CA

Entire Conference as well as one-day rates available Featured presenters: – register early and save! Joel Dvoskin Up to 21 CE credits available Radhika Kristhnamurthy Yossef Ben-Porath This symposium brings together the leading national Laura Brown experts in the field to focus on: Steve R. Smith • Forensic psychological assessment, evaluation Daniel Reisberg of malingering, and expert testimony I. Bruce Frumkin • Legal, ethical and liability issues in a variety of Daniel Martell psycho-legal setttings. Jeffrey Younggren • Issues of culture and diversity in forensic Terry Gock evaluations Registration and full details will be available: Specific applications to clinical and legal settings at the Division 42 website: www.division42.org involving: • Psychological Testing • Trauma Assessment • Expert Testimony • Memory and Perception • Ethics/Standards of Practice • Military Psychology • Malingering and Deception • Cross-Cultural Issues Contact info: Jeannie Beeaff • Therapeutic Assessment • Parenting Plan Evaluations 602-284-6219 or email at [email protected]

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Mark Your Calendars NOW!

AP-LS 2017

THE WESTIN SEATTLE

Seattle, Washington

March 16, 17, 18, 2017

Hope to see you there!

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