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Italian Architects and Modern Egypt
1 AKPIA @ MIT - Studies on ARCHITECTURE, HISTORY & CULTURE Italian Architects and Modern Egypt Cristina Pallini “Exiles who, fleeing from the Pope or the Bourbons, had embarked at night in fishing boats from Barletta, or Taranto, or from the coast of Sic- ily, and after weeks at sea disembarked in Egypt. I imagined them, the legendary fugitives of the last century, wrapped in their cloaks, with wide-brimmed hats and long beards: they were mostly professional men or intellectuals who, after a while, sent for their wives from Italy or else married local girls. Later on their children and grandchildren . founded charitable institutions in Alexandria, the people’s university, the civil cem- etery. .” To the writer Fausta Cialente,1 these were the first Italians who crossed the Mediterranean in the first half of the nineteenth century to reach what had survived of trading outposts founded in the Middle Ages. Egypt, the meeting point between Africa and Asia, yet so accessible from Europe, was at that time the scene of fierce European rivalry. Within only a few years Mohamed Ali2 had assumed control of the corridors to India, pressing forward with industrial development based on cotton. Having lost no time in inducing him to abandon the conquered territories and revoke his monopoly regime, the Great Powers became competitors on a 1 Fausta Cialente (Cagliari 1898 – London 1994), Ballata levantina (Milan: Feltrinelli, 1961), 127–128. 2 Mohamed Ali (Kavala, Macedonia 1769 – Cairo 1849) is considered to be the founder of modern Egypt. His mark on the country’s history is due to his extensive political and military action, as well as his administrative, economic, and cultural reforms. -
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BENHA VETERINARY MEDICAL JOURNAL, VOL. 23, NO. 1, JUNE 2012: 123- 130 BENHA UNIVERSITY BENHA VETERINARY MEDICAL JOURNAL FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE PREVALENCE OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS (BVDV) IN CATTLE FROM SOME GOVERNORATES IN EGYPT. El-Bagoury G.F.a, El-Habbaa A.S.a, Nawal M.A.b and Khadr K.A.c aVirology Dept., Fac. Vet. Med., Benha University, Benha, bAnimal Health Research Institute (AHRI), Dokki- c Giza, General Organization for Veterinary Medicine (GOVS), Dokki-Giza, Egypt. A B S T R A C T Diagnosis of the BVDV infection among suspected and apparently healthy cattle at Kaluobia, Giza, Menofeia and Gharbia governorates was done by detection of prevalence of BVD antibodies. A total number of 151/151(100%) and 97/151 (62.25%) of examined sera were positive for BVD antibodies using serum neutralization test (SNT) and competitive immunoenzymatic assay (cIEA), respectively. Examined sera with cIEA detected antibodies against BVDV non structral proteins P80/P125. Detection of BVDV in buffy coat samples using antigen capture ELISA showed that 22/151(14.56%) of the samples were positive for BVDV. Isolation and biotyping of suspected BVDV from buffy coat on MDBK cell line showed that 19/22 of ELISA positive buffy coat samples were cytopathogenic BVDV biotype (cpBVDV) while only 3/22 samples were CPE negative suggesting a non- cytopathogenic BVDV (ncpBVDV) biotype. Inoculated cell culture with no CPE were subjected to IFAT and IPMA using specific antisera against BVDV revealed positive results indicating presence of non-cytopathogenic strain of BVDV. It was concluded that cIEA detected antibodies against non- structural proteins P80/P125 has many advantages over SNT being for rapid diagnosis of BVDV. -
ACLED) - Revised 2Nd Edition Compiled by ACCORD, 11 January 2018
EGYPT, YEAR 2015: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) - Revised 2nd edition compiled by ACCORD, 11 January 2018 National borders: GADM, November 2015b; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015a; Hala’ib triangle and Bir Tawil: UN Cartographic Section, March 2012; Occupied Palestinian Territory border status: UN Cartographic Sec- tion, January 2004; incident data: ACLED, undated; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 Conflict incidents by category Development of conflict incidents from 2006 to 2015 category number of incidents sum of fatalities battle 314 1765 riots/protests 311 33 remote violence 309 644 violence against civilians 193 404 strategic developments 117 8 total 1244 2854 This table is based on data from the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project This graph is based on data from the Armed Conflict Location & Event (datasets used: ACLED, undated). Data Project (datasets used: ACLED, undated). EGYPT, YEAR 2015: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) - REVISED 2ND EDITION COMPILED BY ACCORD, 11 JANUARY 2018 LOCALIZATION OF CONFLICT INCIDENTS Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). In the following list, the names of event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names are taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the map above. In Ad Daqahliyah, 18 incidents killing 4 people were reported. The following locations were affected: Al Mansurah, Bani Ebeid, Gamasa, Kom el Nour, Mit Salsil, Sursuq, Talkha. -
Egypt: Toponymic Factfile
TOPONYMIC FACT FILE Egypt Country name Egypt1 State title Arab Republic of Egypt Name of citizen Egyptian Official language Arabic (ara2) مصر (Country name in official language 3(Mişr جمهورية مصر العربية (State title in official language (Jumhūrīyat Mişr al ‘Arabīyah Script Arabic Romanization System BGN/PCGN Romanization System for Arabic 1956 ISO-3166 country code (alpha- EG/EGY 2/alpha-3) Capital Cairo4 القاهرة (Capital in official language (Al Qāhirah Geographical Names Policy Geographical names in Egypt are found written in Arabic, which is the country’s official language. Where possible names should be taken from official Arabic-language Egyptian sources and romanized using the BGN/PCGN Romanization System for Arabic5. Roman-script resources are often available for Egypt; however, it should also be noted that, even on official Egyptian products, Roman-script forms may be encountered which are likely to differ from those arising from the application of the BGN/PCGN Romanization System for Arabic.6 There are conventional Roman-script or English-language names for many places in Egypt (see ‘Other significant locations’, p12), which can be used where appropriate. For instance, in an English text it would be preferable to refer to the capital of Egypt as Cairo, and perhaps include a reference to its romanized form (Al Qāhirah). PCGN usually recommends showing these English conventional names in brackets after 1 The English language conventional name Egypt comes from the Ancient Greek Aígyptos (Αἴγυπτος) which is believed to derive from Ancient Egyptian hut-ka-ptah, meaning “castle of the soul of Ptah”. 2 ISO 639-3 language codes are used for languages throughout this document. -
Analysis of the Retailer Value Chain Segment in Five Governorates Improving Employment and Income Through Development Of
Analysis of the retailer value chain segment in five governorates Item Type monograph Authors Hussein, S.; Mounir, E.; Sedky, S.; Nour, S.A. Publisher WorldFish Download date 30/09/2021 17:09:21 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/27438 Analysis of the Retailer Value Chain Segment in Five Governorates Improving Employment and Income through Development of Egypt’s Aquaculture Sector IEIDEAS Project July 2012 Samy Hussein, Eshak Mounir, Samir Sedky, Susan A. Nour, CARE International in Egypt Executive Summary This study is the third output of the SDC‐funded “Improving Employment and Income through Development of Egyptian Aquaculture” (IEIDEAS), a three‐year project being jointly implemented by the WorldFish Center and CARE International in Egypt with support from the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. The aim of the study is to gather data on the retailer segment of the aquaculture value chain in Egypt, namely on the employment and market conditions of the women fish retailers in the five target governorates. In addition, this study provides a case study in Minya and Fayoum of the current income levels and standards of living of this target group. Finally, the study aims to identify the major problems and obstacles facing these women retailers and suggest some relevant interventions. CARE staff conducted the research presented in this report from April to July 2012, with support from WorldFish staff and consultants. Methodology The study team collected data from a variety of sources, through a combination of primary and secondary data collection. Some of the sources include: 1. In‐depth interviews and focus group discussions with women retailres 2. -
Anthropogenic Enhancement of Egypt's Mediterranean Fishery
Anthropogenic enhancement of Egypt’s Mediterranean fishery Autumn J. Oczkowskia,1, Scott W. Nixona, Stephen L. Grangera, Abdel-Fattah M. El-Sayedb, and Richard A. McKinneyc aGraduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882; bOceanography Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; and cUnited States Environmental Protection Agency, Atlantic Ecology Division, Narragansett, RI 02882 Communicated by Peter Vitousek, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, December 10, 2008 (received for review September 8, 2008) The highly productive coastal Mediterranean fishery off the Nile River delta collapsed after the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1965. But the fishery has been recovering dramatically since the mid-1980s, coincident with large increases in fertilizer application and sewage discharge in Egypt. We use stable isotopes of nitrogen (␦15N) to demonstrate that 60%–100% of the current fishery production may be from primary production stimulated by nutri- ents from fertilizer and sewage runoff. Although the establish- ment of the dam put Egypt in an ideal position to observe the impact of rapid increases in nutrient loading on coastal productiv- ity in an extremely oligotrophic sea, the Egyptian situation is not unique. Such anthropogenically enhanced fisheries also may occur along the northern rim of the Mediterranean and offshore of some rapidly developing tropical countries, where nutrient concentra- tions in the coastal waters were previously very low. fisheries ͉ Nile delta ͉ nutrient enrichment ͉ stable isotope n contrast to many of the world’s fisheries, which are in serious Idecline (1, 2), Egypt’s Mediterranean fishery offshore of the Nile River delta has been expanding dramatically in recent decades and at rates higher than can be explained by fishing Fig. -
Analysis of Urban Growth at Cairo, Egypt Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Vol.4, No.6, 355-361 (2012) Natural Science http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.46049 Analysis of urban growth at Cairo, Egypt using remote sensing and GIS Mohamed E. Hereher Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science at Damietta, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; [email protected] Received 21 January 2012; revised 22 February 2012; accepted 11 March 2012 ABSTRACT by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) on- board the Space Shuttle Endeavor in its journey during The main objective of the present study was to Dec. 2000. DEM images are available in 30, 90 and 1000 highlight and analyze the exchange between the m spatial resolutions. The 30 m resolution DEMs are land cover components at Cairo with focusing available only to the United States, whereas the 90 m and on urban area and agricultural land between 1000 m resolution are available to the entire world and 1973 and 2006 using Landsat satellite data with could be accessed from the United States Geological the aid of Digital Elevation Models (DEM). The Survey (USGS) online open resources. techniques utilized in this investigation involved In Egypt, remote sensing and its applications have a rigorous supervised classification of the Land- emerged as early as this technology was invented. Early sat and the DEM images. Results showed that 2 studies were based on visual interpretation of MSS data urban area of Cairo was 233.78 km in 1973 and to map sand accumulations in the Western Desert [2]. increased to 557.87 km2 in 2006. The cut-off from 2 During 1980s, soil salinization was a good target to mo- agricultural lands was 136.75 km , whereas ur- nitor in satellite images [3]. -
The Rosetta Stone
THE J ROSETTA STONE PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM. London : SOLD AT THE BRITISH MUSEUM f922. Price Sixpence. [all rights reserved.] I \ V'.'. EXCHANGE PHOTO ET IMP. DONALD :• : . » MACBETH, LONDON THE ROSETTA STONE. r % * THE DISCOVERY OF THE STONE. famous slab of black basalt which stands at the southern end of the Egyptian Gallery in the British Museum, and which has for more than a century " THEbeen universally known as the Rosetta Stone," was found at a spot near the mouth of the great arm of the Nile that flows through the Western Delta " " to the sea, not far from the town of Rashid," or as Europeans call it, Rosetta." According to one account it was found lying on the ground, and according to another it was built into a very old wall, which a company of French soldiers had been ordered to remove in order to make way for the foundations of an addition to the fort, " ' afterwards known as Fort St. Julien. '* The actual finder of the Stone was a French Officer of Engineers, whose name is sometimes spelt Boussard, and sometimes Bouchard, who subsequently rose to the rank of General, and was alive in 1814. He made his great discovery in August, 1799. Finding that there were on one side of the Stone lines of strange characters, which it was thought might be writing, as well as long lines of Greek letters, Boussard reported his discovery to General Menou, who ordered him to bring the Stone to his house in Alexandria. This was immediately done, and the Stone was, for about two years, regarded as the General's private property. -
Flora and Vegetation of Wadi El-Natrun Depression, Egypt
PHYTOLOGIA BALCANICA 21 (3): 351 – 366, Sofia, 2015 351 Habitat diversity and floristic analysis of Wadi El-Natrun Depression, Western Desert, Egypt Monier M. Abd El-Ghani, Rim S. Hamdy & Azza B. Hamed Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt; email: [email protected] (corresponding author) Received: May 18, 2015 ▷ Accepted: October 15, 2015 Abstract. Despite the actual desertification in Wadi El-Natrun Depression nitrated by tourism and overuse by nomads, 142 species were recorded. Sixty-one species were considered as new additions, unrecorded before in four main habitats: (1) croplands (irrigated field plots); (2) orchards; (3) wastelands (moist land and abandoned salinized field plots); and (4) lakes (salinized water bodies). The floristic analysis suggested a close floristic relationship between Wadi El-Natrun and other oases or depressions of the Western Desert of Egypt. Key words: biodiversity, croplands, human impacts, lakes, oases, orchards, wastelands Introduction as drip, sprinkle and pivot) are used in the newly re- claimed areas, the older ones follow the inundation Wadi El-Natrun is part of the Western (Libyan) Desert type of irrigation (Soliman 1996; Abd El-Ghani & El- adjacent to the Nile Delta (23 m below sea level), lo- Sawaf 2004). Thus the presence of irrigation water as cated approximately 90 km southwards of Alexandria underground water of suitable quality, existence of and 110 km NW of Cairo. It is oriented in a NW–SE natural fresh water springs and availability of water direction, between longitudes 30°05'–30°36'E and lat- contained in the sandy layers above the shallow wa- itudes 30°29'–30°17'N (King & al. -
Hydrogeological and Water Quality Characteristics of the Saturated Zone Beneath the Various Land Uses in the Nile Delta Region, Egypt
Freshwater Contamination (Proceedings of Rabat Symposium S4, April-May 1997). IAHS Publ. no. 243, 1997 255 Hydrogeological and water quality characteristics of the saturated zone beneath the various land uses in the Nile Delta region, Egypt ISMAIL MAHMOUD EL RAMLY PO Box 5118, Heliopolis West, Cairo, Egypt Abstract The Nile Delta saturated zone lies beneath several land uses which reflect variations in the aquifer characteristics within the delta basin. The present study investigates the scattered rural and urban areas and their environmental impacts on the water quality of the underlying semi-confined and unconfined aquifer systems. The agricultural and industrial activities also affect the groundwater quality located close to the agricultural lands and the various industrial sites, which have started to expand during the last three decades. INTRODUCTION It is believed that the population increase and its direct relation to the expansion of the rural and urban areas in Egypt during the last 30 years has affected the demand for additional water supplies to cover the need of the inhabitants in both areas, which in turn has many consequences for aquifer pollution through the effects of municipal wastewater effluent. The construction of the High Dam caused agricultural expansion by changing the basin irrigation system into a perennial irrigation system. Increase in the application of fertilizers and pesticides has caused the pollution of the surface water bodies which are connected with the aquifer systems in the Nile Delta basin. Industrial activities have much affected the groundwater system below the Nile Delta region due to the increase of the industrial waste effluent dumped into the river without any treatment. -
Romano-Byzantine Baths of Egypt, the Birth and Spread of a Little-Known Regional Model Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon
Romano-Byzantine baths of Egypt, the birth and spread of a little-known regional model Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon To cite this version: Thibaud Fournet, Bérangère Redon. Romano-Byzantine baths of Egypt, the birth and spread of a little-known regional model. Bérangère Redon. Collective baths in Egypt 2. New discoveries and perspectives, Presses de l’IFAO, pp.279-322, 2017, 9782724706963. hal-01758079 HAL Id: hal-01758079 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01758079 Submitted on 7 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Collective Baths in Egypt 2 25New siècles Discoveries de bainand Perspectives collectif en Orient Proche-Orient, Égypte et péninsule Arabique T H E R M A E Edited by AuteurBérangère Redon Specimen Institut français d’archéologie orientale Études urbaines 10 – 2017 Dans la même collection : Marie-Françoise Boussac, Sylvie Denoix, Thibaud Fournet et Bérangère Redon (éds.), 25 siècles de bain collectif en Orient. Proche-Orient, Égypte et péninsule Arabique, 2014. Julien Loiseau, Reconstruire la Maison du sultan (2 vol.), 2010. Marie-Françoise Boussac, Thibaud Fournet et Bérangère Redon, Le bain collectif en Égypte, 2009. István Ormos, Max Herz Pasha, (2 vol.), 2009. -
And the West Nile Delta (Coastal), Egypt
BRIEFING NOTES ON THE CIRCE URBAN AND COASTAL CASE STUDIES: ALEXANDRIA (URBAN) AND THE WEST NILE DELTA (COASTAL), EGYPT The city of Alexandria is located to the West of the Nile Delta and shares many of the common issues of the wider coastal region. The justification, research issues and data for both case studies are therefore considered within a single briefing note. Subsequent reports of the impacts of climate change will differentiate between coastal and urban areas of the West Nile Delta. Summary production, settlement region of the and industry, and hu- Mediterranean coast of The West Nile Delta man health. Egypt (Figure 1) includes (Egypt) is an important Alexandria City Abu Qir resource for agricul- The key research issues Bay, and the Rosetta ture, tourism and in- will include an integrat- branch of the River Nile, dustry, but suffers from ed assessment of the di- Lake Edku and adjacent severe environmental rect and indirect im- regions bounded in the pollution and a lack of pacts of sea-level rise south by the Cairo- environmental moni- and salt-water intru- Alamien road (Figure 2). toring and regulation. sion, an exploration of A number of historic possible adaptation op- cities and expansive ar- The low-lying coastal tions, and an evalua- eas of fertile agricultural areas to the south east of tion of the socio-eco- land are included and are Alexandria city, and in nomic problems imped- undergoing vast un- particular the northern ing sustainable develop- planned development. part of Behaira gover- ment in the region. Extensive industrial, agri- norate, are some of the cultural and domestic most vulnerable areas pollution in the area is an to sea-level rise in Egypt.