DOCSLIB.ORG

Living Language, Living Memory: Essays on the Works of Toni Morrison, 2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Living Language, Living Memory: Essays on the Works of Toni Morrison, 2014 Living Language Memory In 1993 Toni Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. The Nobel committee described her work as “characterized by visionary force and poetic import [that] gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.” Twenty years later, a group of scholars met in Stockholm to commemorate and celebrate Morrison’s award, and just as importantly, Living Language to critically engage the wealth of scholarship that has sprung up around Morrison’s work—both the six novels recognized by the Nobel Living Memory committee and those works of fiction and criticism published in the two decades afterwards. Essays on the Works of The essays in this collection implicitly and explicitly take up Morrison’s clarion call to vivify language. They engage her words by Toni Morrison elaborating on their meaning, offering readings of her literary texts that highlight their intertextuality, their proliferating conversations with other texts and contexts, and even other languages. In some, Morrison’s words give life to authors no longer with us, in others we are encouraged to resituate her writing in unfamiliar contexts in order & Grillo Mikrut Shands to highlight the multiplicity of meanings generated by her work. The essays offer rich testimony to the life-giving properties of Morrison’s language and seek to contribute to the ongoing afterlife of her work by adding to the scholarly conversations animated by her extraordinary literary career. Edited by Kerstin W Shands ENGLISH STUDIES Giulia Grillo Mikrut Distribution: ENGLISH STUDIES 4 Södertörns högskola Library www.sh.se/publications SE-141 89 Huddinge [email protected] 4 Living Language Living Memory Essays on the Works of Toni Morrison Edited by Kerstin W Shands Giulia Grillo Mikrut ENGLISH STUDIES 4 Södertörns högskola 2014 © 2014 Kerstin W. Shands and Södertörns högskola. All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Cover photo: Hobcaw Barony, South Carolina, by Kerstin W. Shands Cover design: Jonathan Robson Layout: Per Lindblom & Jonathan Robson First published in 2014 Printed in Sweden by Elanders English Studies 4 ISSN: 1651-4165 ISBN: 978-91-86069-95-7 Contents Introduction 5 Andrea Sillis Forms of Time and Typologies of Culture: Language, Time, and Identity in the Work of Toni Morrison 15 Lynn Penrod Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye: Lost and Found in Translation 33 Sangita Rayamajhi Teaching Toni Morrison to a Culturally Diverse Class: Experiences from Bangladesh 45 Anna Iatsenko Bodies, Music, and Embodied Cognition in Toni Morrison’s Fictional Works 55 Giulia Grillo Mikrut “You your best thing, Sethe. You are”: African American Maternal Experience in Toni Morrison’s Beloved 67 Lucy Buzacott The Black Mother as Murderess: William Faulkner’s Requiem for a Nun and Toni Morrison’s Beloved 85 Hilary Emmett A Valediction Forbidding Mo’nin?: Beloved Revisited 95 Tuire Valkeakari After Eden: Constructs of Home, House, and Racial Difference in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy 107 Aoi Mori Rethinking Race Matters 127 Laura Castor “This house is strange”: Digging for American Memory of Trauma, or Healing the “Social” in Toni Morrison’s Home 139 Notes on Contributors 151 Introduction In 1993 Toni Morrison was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature. On awarding the prize the Nobel committee described her work as “charac- terized by visionary force and poetic import [that] gives life to an essential aspect of American reality” (Nobel website). Twenty years later, in October 2013, a group of scholars met in Stockholm to commemorate and celebrate Morrison’s award, and just as importantly, to critically engage the wealth of scholarship that has sprung up around Morrison’s work—both the six novels recognized by the Nobel committee and those works of fiction and criticism published in the two decades afterwards. The papers delivered at this symposium revealed certainly the ongoing “poetic import” of Morrison’s work, yet what they illustrated most compel- lingly was that there is no one “essential aspect of American reality” to which Morrison’s words give voice. Her novels engage contexts and ques- tions ranging from the nature of servitude in the colonial period to the poetics and politics of Harlem in the Jazz Age, from explorations of the class differences that cut across relations between African American individuals and communities to the physical and psychological violence that consti- tuted segregation and Jim Crow. Indeed, it is difficult to identify an “American reality” into which Morrison has not made an exact and searing intervention; even as her novels focus intimately on the lives of African Americans, white Americans are interpellated equally by the ways in which her explorations reveal the operations of whiteness—the disavowals of equality and the miscarriages of justice that went into its creation and main- tenance. Moreover, as the international perspective of many of the parti- cipants in the symposium demonstrated, Morrison’s account of the history of “race” is not even limited to American realities. At the heart of Morrison’s project lies the conviction that acts of language constitute lived realities and thus that language can shape and change these realities as a force of both healing and harm. The lecture she 5 LIVING LANGUAGE, LIVING MEMORY gave on accepting the Nobel Prize takes language as its subject in order to offer a compelling indictment of “dead” language that disables and censors, maintains an unjust status quo and, worse, the vampiric languages of sexism, racism, and “theism” that exploit vulnerability and foster division. Such language euphemizes state-sanctioned violence, silences dissent, and rationalizes dominion of one group over another. Evoking the polyphony of language that came about as a result of the collapse of the Tower of Babel, she goes on to celebrate the limitless reaching of language towards the ineffable—language constantly expands the boundaries of what is possible and imaginable. But in the same vein, language can never fully encapsulate the collective trauma of slavery or genocide, nor can it ever totalize indi- vidual experiences of violence or loss and it should not aspire to. Yet the striving after such expression can bring about the confrontation with the ineffable necessary for our own comprehension of the nature of trauma. Language, then, for Morrison must be dynamic, must evolve. Narrative, she declaims, must radically bring new subjectivities into being, even in the very moment of its own creation. In short, language must live. Taking Morrison’s Nobel lecture as a point of departure, Andrea Sillis’ essay, “Forms of Time and Typologies of Culture in the Work of Toni Morrison,” argues that Morrison’s conceptualization of language itself, and her ideas about the politics of identity formation, are organized by means of a complex network of temporal oppositions. Through close analysis of Morrison’s “Nobel Lecture,” Sillis demonstrates that language is a medium that is naturally oriented towards the future through both its epistemo- logical function and the creativity of the linguistic imagination. Moreover, this connection between language and the future is inherently politicized since Morrison clearly identifies the open-ended temporality of creative language with freedom of expression. Conversely, she correlates any form of censorship, dogma or political oppression with the temporality of closure, stasis and stagnation, and explicitly locates racism within the retrograde temporal framework she associates with oppressive forms of language. Moving outwards from the lecture, Sillis goes on to propose that Morrison resists the idea that white America’s historical involvement in slavery was a temporary ethical aberration. She suggests rather that its will to dominance stems from a presumption of cultural supremacy that is firmly rooted in Western models of epistemology. This negative assessment is diametrically opposed to Morrison’s valorization of the epistemological foundations of black language and culture, which is clearly identified with an interlocative model of African American language and aesthetics, informed, in turn, by 6 INTRODUCTION their origins in oral traditions. Morrison expressly describes this model as incorporating folk-cultural attitudes towards knowledge and identity, which naturally accommodate ambiguity and tolerate difference. In view of this celebration of the linguistic dynamism of orality, Sillis proposes that Morrison draws on insights provided by the implicit temporal ordering of her philosophy of language to pinpoint the critical sources of disparities between “black” and “white” language practices, and their associated perceptions of identity. For Morrison, African American discourse “lives” because of its ability to adapt and accommodate difference. Chapter two turns to French-language versions of Morrison’s first novel to illustrate the ways in which her language lives on in translation. In “Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye: Lost and Found in Translation” Lynn Penrod considers a critical question that is often overlooked by literary scholars: the fate of a particular text, or indeed, of a particular author’s entire body of work, when it is translated. Nobel Prize laureates in literature have long provided lively debates worldwide on this issue. The market in literary translation is dominated by English speakers and readers desperately seeking translations of texts originally published in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • THE THEME of the SHATTERED SELF in TONI MORRISON's The
    THE THEME OF THE Shattered SELF IN TONI MORRISON’S THE BLUEST EYE AND A MERCY Manuela López Ramírez IES Alto Palancia de Segorbe, Castellón [email protected] 75 The splitting of the self is a familiar theme in Morrison’s fiction. All of her novels explore, to some extent, the shattered identity. Under traumatic circumstances, the individual may suffer a severe psychic disintegration. Morrison has shown interest in different states of dementia caused by trauma which, as Clifton Spargo asserts, “has come to function for many critics as a trope of access to more difficult histories, providing us with entry into a world inhabited by the victims of extraordinary social violence, those perspectives so often left out of rational, progressive narratives of history” (2002). In Morrison’s narratives, dissociated subjectivity, like Pecola’s in The Bluest Eye, is usually connected to slavery and its sequels and, as Linda Koolish observes, is frequently the consequence of the confrontation between the Blacks’ own definition of themselves and slavery’s misrepresentation of African Americans as subhumans (2001: 174). However, Morrison has also dealt with insanity caused by other emotionally scarring situations, such as war in Sula’s character, Shadrack, or as a result of the loss of your loved ones, sudden orphanhood, as in A Mercy’s Sorrow. In this paper I focus on Morrison’s especially dramatic depiction of the destruction of the female teenager’s self and her struggle for psychic wholeness in a hostile world. The adolescent’s fragile identity embodies, better than any other, the terrible ordeal that the marginal self has to cope with to become a true human being outside the Western discourse.
    [Show full text]
  • Mo Yan and Chinese Pastoral Literature
    English Language, Literature & Culture 2016; 1(4): 53-57 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ellc doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20160104.13 ISSN: 2575-2367 (Print); ISSN: 2575-2413 (Online) Mo Yan and Chinese Pastoral Literature Eyup Saritas Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Email address: [email protected] To cite this article: Eyup Saritas. Mo Yan and Chinese Pastoral Literature. English Language, Literature & Culture. Vol. 1, No. 4, 2016, pp. 53-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20160104.13 Received: September 1, 2016; Accepted: November 3, 2016; Published: January 5, 2017 Abstract: Novel laureate in literature since 2012, the prominent Chinese novelist Mo Yan was born and raised in a village in the province of Shandong. His works are often themed on rural life. Contrary to the case in Turkey, researches on rural life in China have advanced on a continuous basis since the 20s of the 20th century in China. This can be explained with the fact that primarily Mo Yan and Jia Pingwa, as prominent novelists in China, never stopped writing on villages, villagers and inner world of peasants that endeavoured to lead the life in the city as they did back in the village. In this brief research study, we try to discuss in what way Mo Yan touched on the pastoral literature in his works. Keywords: Mo Yan, Pastoral Literature, Red Sorghum, China that were born and studied in the village. 1. Introduction Pastoral Literature in China has a very special place in In the long history of agricultural civilization, literature has Chinese literature.
    [Show full text]
  • China As Dystopia: Cultural Imaginings Through Translation Published In: Translation Studies (Taylor and Francis) Doi: 10.1080/1
    China as dystopia: Cultural imaginings through translation Published in: Translation Studies (Taylor and Francis) doi: 10.1080/14781700.2015.1009937 Tong King Lee* School of Chinese, The University of Hong Kong *Email: [email protected] This article explores how China is represented in English translations of contemporary Chinese literature. It seeks to uncover the discourses at work in framing this literature for reception by an Anglophone readership, and to suggest how these discourses dovetail with meta-narratives on China circulating in the West. In addition to asking “what gets translated”, the article is interested in how Chinese authors and their works are positioned, marketed, and commodified in the West through the discursive material that surrounds a translated book. Drawing on English translations of works by Yan Lianke, Ma Jian, Chan Koonchung, Yu Hua, Su Tong, and Mo Yan, the article argues that literary translation is part of a wider programme of Anglophone textual practices that renders China an overdetermined sign pointing to a repressive, dystopic Other. The knowledge structures governing these textual practices circumscribe the ways in which China is imagined and articulated, thereby producing a discursive China. Keywords: translated Chinese literature; censorship; paratext; cultural politics; Yan Lianke Translated Literature, Global Circulations 1 In 2007, Yan Lianke (b.1958), a novelist who had garnered much critical attention in his native China but was relatively unknown in the Anglophone world, made his English debut with the novel Serve the People!, a translation by Julia Lovell of his Wei renmin fuwu (2005). The front cover of the book, published by London’s Constable,1 pictures two Chinese cadets in a kissing posture, against a white background with radiating red stripes.
    [Show full text]
  • Book Review of the Bluest Eye Written by Toni Morrison INTRODUCTION
    Book Review of The Bluest Eye written by Toni Morrison Dana Paramita FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY INTRODUCTION 1. Background of Writing The writer chooses The Bluest Eye because this novel is challenging to be reviewed. The controversial nature of the book, which deals with racism, incest, and child molestation, makes it being one of the most challenged books in America’s libraries – the ones people complain about or ask to be removed, according to The American Library Association (http://www.ew.com/article/2015/04/14/here-are-american-library-associations- 10-most-complained-about-books-2014). On the other hand, the story of The Bluest Eye is interesting because the story tells about an eleven year old African American girl who hates her own self due to her black skin. She prays for white skin and blue eyes because they will make her beautiful and allow her to see the world differently, the community will treat her better as well. The story is set in Lorain, Ohio, against the backdrop of America's Midwest during the years following the Great Depression.The Bluest Eye is Toni Morrison's first novel published in 1970. 2. Purposes of Writing First of all, the purpose of the writing is that the writer would like to give the readers a portrait to stop hating themselves for everything they are not, and start loving themselves for everything that they are. The writer assesses that Toni Morrison’ story line presented in the novel is eye-catching eventhough it experiences an abundance of controversy because of the novel's strong language 1 and sexually explicit content.
    [Show full text]
  • Translated Books
    The world has endless amounts of fantastic writers telling al kinds of stories. Translated You could try some of the complex, dark crime fiction coming out of Scandi- Books navia with authors like Jo Nesbo (Norwegian) or Steig Larsen (Sweden). There’s fantastic world of magical real- ism from classic Latin American authors like Gabriel García Márquez (One Hundred Years of Solitude) from Colom- bia and Jorge Luis Borges from Ar- gentina to modern day masters like Ha- ruki Murakami (Kafka on the Shore) from Japan. Authors like Stanislav Lem (Russia), Cixin Liu (China), and Michael Ende (Germany) bring their unique cultural perspectives to the worlds of Sci-Fi and Fantasy. Oshkosh Public Library There are noir detective stories from 106 Washington Ave. Japan, Last winter, we parted by Fumi- nori Nakamura and Out by Natsuo Oshkosh, WI 54901 Kirino, as well as the Czech Republic, Phone: 920.236.5205 Innocence; or, murder on Steep Street by E-mail: Heda Margolius Kovaly. [email protected] Here are some reading suggestions to help you complete the “Translated” You can also find powerful stories square on your Summer Reading Bin- about family from Egyt (The Automobile go card! Club of Egypt by Alaa Al Aswany), Cu- ba (Dreaming in Cuban by Cristina García), and Korea (Please look after mom : a novel by Kyung-sook Shin). 2016 Latin America The Neverending Story / Michael Ende Scandinavia (Germany) One Hundred Years of Solitude by Ga- The Girl with the dragon tattoo / briel García Márquez (Columbia) Zorba the Greek / by Nikos Kazantzakis by Stieg Larsen (Sweden) (Greece) Delirium by Laura Restrepo My struggle / Karl Ove Knaus- (Columbia) Asia gaard (Norway) Dreaming in Cuban / Cristina García.
    [Show full text]
  • An Annotated Bibliography of William Faulkner, 1967-1970
    Studies in English Volume 12 Article 3 1971 An Annotated Bibliography of William Faulkner, 1967-1970 James Barlow Lloyd University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ms_studies_eng Part of the American Literature Commons Recommended Citation Lloyd, James Barlow (1971) "An Annotated Bibliography of William Faulkner, 1967-1970," Studies in English: Vol. 12 , Article 3. Available at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ms_studies_eng/vol12/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the English at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studies in English by an authorized editor of eGrove. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Lloyd: Faulkner Bibliography An Annotated Bibliography of William Faulkner, 1967—1970 by James Barlow Lloyd This annotated bibliography of books and articles published about William Faulkner and his works between January, 1967, and the summer of 1970 supplements such existing secondary bibliog­ raphies as Maurice Beebe’s checklists in the Autumn 1956 and Spring 1967 issues of Modern Fiction Studies; Linton R. Massey’s William Faulkner: “Man Working” 1919-1962: A Catalogue of the William Faulkner Collection of the University of Virginia (Charlottesville: Bibliographic Society of the University of Virginia, 1968); and O. B. Emerson’s unpublished doctoral dissertation, “William Faulkner’s Literary Reputation in America” (Vanderbilt University, 1962). The present bibliography begins where Beebe’s latest checklist leaves off, but no precise termination date can be established since publica­ tion dates for periodicals vary widely, and it has seemed more useful to cover all possible material than to set an arbitrary cutoff date.
    [Show full text]
  • Art and Omnipotence: Genre Manipulation in Requiem for a Nun
    ART AND OMNIPOTENCE: GENRE MANIPULATION IN REQUIEM FOR A NUN Requiem lor a Nun is usually classified as a novel. Yet it remains an irritating example of the genre, since it appears to defy even the loosest definition of a novel. Published in 1953, it consists of the three acts of a play called Requiem for a Nun, each of which is preceded by a long introduction see­ mingly unrelated to the action, if not the setting, of the play. Together, the introductions are about two-thirds as long as the play. If we consider that the text of a play, since it is not printed in continuous paragraphs, tends to take up more pages than narrative prose, we might actually end up with two Faulknerian texts of about equal length. Although Requiem lor a Nun has been produced as a play (most notably in 1956 at the Theatre des Mathurins under the direction of Albert Ca­ mus, who had also translated the text) the play cannot be truly understood if seen out of the context of the introductions. The story is a sequel to the events related in Sanctuary, published twenty years earlier in 1931, so that ideally even the play Re­ quiem lor a Nun requires a knowledge of the rest of the Faulk­ ner canon. Yet Temple Stevens, nee Drake, of Requiem for a Nun is no longer the Temple Drake of Sanctuary, nor is the Negress Nancy Mannigoe the Nancy of "That Evening Sun" (also published in 1931). Faulkner, although interested in the development of his characters, severs the ties between their 385 earlier and later versions because by the Fifties he had secretly become more interested in his own role as author.
    [Show full text]
  • Congressional Record—Senate S6344
    S6344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE October 31, 2019 (2) was honored at the Fete du Livre orga- (1) Toni Morrison was the Charles E. Nor- S. RES. 403 nized by Les Ecritures Croise´es at the Cite´ ton Professor at Harvard University in Cam- Whereas farm to school programs of vary- du Livre in Aix-en-Provence, France; and bridge, Massachusetts; ing scale operate in nearly 43,000 schools (3) delivered a lecture at a lecture series (2) the American Academy of Arts and across the United States; sponsored by the United Nations Secretary Sciences awarded Toni Morrison the Emer- Whereas farm to school programs connect General; son-Thoreau Medal for ‘‘her distinguished schools and local farms in order to— Whereas, in 2002, Toni Morrison— achievement in the field of literature’’; and (1) serve nutritious meals in school cafe- (1) delivered the Alexander Lectures at the (3) Toni Morrison received the PEN/Saul terias; and University of Toronto; and Bellow Award for Achievement in American (2) support local farmers, ranchers, and (2) wrote the libretto for ‘‘Margaret Gar- Fiction; fishermen; ner’’ with composer Richard Danielpour, an Whereas, in 2017— Whereas farm to school programs include opera that was co-commissioned by— (1) Harvard University Press published experiential education components that can (A) the Michigan Opera Theatre; ‘‘The Origin of Others’’ by Toni Morrison, lead to permanent improvements in the diets (B) the Cincinnati Opera; and which was based on the Charles Eliot Norton of children, both in school and at home; (C) the Opera
    [Show full text]
  • An Analysis of the Magical Beauty in One Hundred Years of Solitude and Its Influence on Chinese Literature
    Frontiers in Educational Research ISSN 2522-6398 Vol. 4, Issue 7: 56-61, DOI: 10.25236/FER.2021.040711 An Analysis of the Magical Beauty in One Hundred Years of Solitude and Its Influence on Chinese Literature Hui Han School of Foreign Language, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang City, China Abstract: One Hundred Years of Solitude is the most representative work of magic realism in the literature created by Colombian writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez, and it is a dazzling pearl in magic realism literature. Marquez used magical techniques to describe the tortuous and legendary experiences of several generations of the Buendia family in the small town. Through the refraction of the magical realm, it indirectly reflects the history of Latin America and the cruel real life, and expresses people's desire for independence and stability. Compared with other Western literary schools, magic realism is one of the literary schools that have a profound influence on the development of modern and contemporary Chinese literature. This article mainly analyzes the magical beauty of One Hundred Years of Solitude and its influence on Chinese literature through magic realism. Keywords: magic realism, One Hundred Years of Solitude, root-seeking literature 1. Introduction Magic realism originated in Latin America. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Latin American literature had an amazing and explosive breakthrough. A series of masterpieces came out, and various literary schools came into being. Among the numerous literary schools, the most important is undoubtedly magic realism, which occupies a very important position in the contemporary world literary world. The publication of "One Hundred Years of Solitude" brought the literary creation of magic realism to the peak and caused an explosive sensation in the world literary world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature : a Case Study of Howard Goldblatt's Translations of Mo Yan's Works
    Lingnan University Digital Commons @ Lingnan University Theses & Dissertations Department of Translation 3-9-2016 The role of translation in the Nobel Prize in literature : a case study of Howard Goldblatt's translations of Mo Yan's works Yau Wun YIM Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.ln.edu.hk/tran_etd Part of the Applied Linguistics Commons, and the Translation Studies Commons Recommended Citation Yim, Y. W. (2016). The role of translation in the Nobel Prize in literature: A case study of Howard Goldblatt's translations of Mo Yan's works (Master's thesis, Lingnan University, Hong Kong). Retrieved from http://commons.ln.edu.hk/tran_etd/16/ This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Translation at Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Lingnan University. Terms of Use The copyright of this thesis is owned by its author. Any reproduction, adaptation, distribution or dissemination of this thesis without express authorization is strictly prohibited. All rights reserved. THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION IN THE NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE: A CASE STUDY OF HOWARD GOLDBLATT’S TRANSLATIONS OF MO YAN’S WORKS YIM YAU WUN MPHIL LINGNAN UNIVERSITY 2016 THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION IN THE NOBEL PRIZE IN LITERATURE: A CASE STUDY OF HOWARD GOLDBLATT’S TRANSLATIONS OF MO YAN’S WORKS by YIM Yau Wun 嚴柔媛 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Translation LINGNAN UNIVERSITY 2016 ABSTRACT The Role of Translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature: A Case Study of Howard Goldblatt’s Translations of Mo Yan’s Works by YIM Yau Wun Master of Philosophy The purpose of this thesis is to explore the role of the translator and translation in the Nobel Prize in Literature through an illustration of the case of Howard Goldblatt’s translations of Mo Yan’s works.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham E-Theses
    Durham E-Theses Rethinking Binarism in Translation Studies A Case Study of Translating the Chinese Nobel Laureates of Literature XIAO, DI How to cite: XIAO, DI (2017) Rethinking Binarism in Translation Studies A Case Study of Translating the Chinese Nobel Laureates of Literature, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12393/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 RETHINKING BINARISM IN TRANSLATION STUDIES A CASE STUDY OF TRANSLATING THE CHINESE NOBEL LAUREATES OF LITERATURE Submitted by Di Xiao School of Modern Languages and Cultures In partial fulfilment of the requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Durham University 2017 DECLARATION The candidate confirms that the work is her own and that it has not been submitted, in whole or in part, in any previous application for a degree.
    [Show full text]
  • William Faulkner and the Meaning of History
    Longwood University Digital Commons @ Longwood University Theses, Dissertations & Honors Papers 8-15-1978 William Faulkner and the Meaning of History Allen C. Lovelace Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.longwood.edu/etd Part of the English Language and Literature Commons WILLIAM FAULKNER AND THE MEANING OF HISTORY by Allen c. Lovelace Firs Reader ��-c:.7eond Reader � (Repr�sentative of Graduate cil) THESIS Allen c. Lovelace, B. A. Graduate School Longwood College 1978 WILLIAM FAULKNER AND THE MEANING OF HISTORY Thesis A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment or the requirements for the degree or Master of Arts in English at Longwood College. by Allen c. Lovelace South Boston, Virginia Quentin Vest, Associate Professor of English Farmville, Virginia 1978 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A thesis, by its very nature, is the product not only of the writer, but also of the efforts of a number of other individuals. This paper is no exception, and I wish to ex­ press my indebtedness and sincerest appreciation to a nUJ.�ber of individuals. I am particularly grateful to Dr. Quentin Vest. Without his encouragement and guidance this paper would quite probably never have been written. I also wish to thank Dr. Vest for his patience with my tendency toward pro­ crastination. 1 '1hanks are due also to my wife, Carole, for her un­ derstanding and encouragement during the writing of this paper, and especially for the typing of the manuscript. I also wish to express my appreciation for their time and consideration to those members of the faculty at Longwood College who were my readers and to the Dabney Lancaster Library for their services which I found especial­ ly helpful.
    [Show full text]