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THE AMES FAMILY of Easton., Jmassachusetts THE AMES FAMILY of Easton., JMassachusetts BY WINTHROP AMES PRIVATELY PRINTED 1938 THE AMES FAMILY of easton,, .5Massachusetts A QUITE UNNECESSARY PREFACE HIS LITTLE BOOK (AND STILL, PERHAPS, TOO LONG AT T that) has been written for my daughters, my brother and sister, and my favorite cousins, nephews and nieces of the Easton branch of the Ames family - and for them only. It is too personal a story to interest outsiders. To the members of my own generation I make no ex­ cuse for it. We have grown old enough to learn that our forebears still live on in us; that we owe most of our qual­ ities, aptitudes and weaknesses to them as truly as we do the color of our eyes or the shapes of our noses. They molded our characters by tradition and example. They speak to us daily from the fields they tilled, the shops, homes and memorials they built and the trees tLey planted. But to the youngsters, now so eagerly peering forward into the future that they are impatient of things past, I shall also give this book. Some day when they come to realize that they too are only ancestors, leading their children by the hand, as their parents led them, into the brief spotlight we call life, and then bidding them good-bye as these children will ag~in lead and bid good-bye to others, they may care to glance back at a few of the folk who marched before in the same endless procession. One of my daughters came back from school the other day full of scorn for history because it was only about "old dead people fighting." I should agree, my dear, if by V "fighting" you mean merely military battles, most of which have left no durable result and only clogged the march of human progress. In the Ames story you will find · no martial exploits, but you may discover some "old dead people" valiantly waging a more fruitful struggle - to make their ovm new land a better place to live in, and hand on to you a more sheltered lot and a reputable name. They cleared the wilderness that you might plant gardens. "And the moral of that, said the Duchess, is ..." Moreover, I think vou will find the lives of these first Ameses reflect the early history of your country - its pioneer settlers and their brave hardihood, the war for independence, the birth and shaping of the first democracy, its sudden rise into a commercial world power, and its spread from the Atlantic seaboard across a continent. Rereading what I have written I feel I may have included too much general history and repeated facts that everybody knows or would find better told elsewhere. But the records of the earlier Ameses are so meagre, often only the parish entry of a birth and a death, that my task was somewhat like that of Cuvier who tried to reconstruct a prehistoric animal from a single bone. To make any picture of their lives at all I was forced to fill in the contemporary background. My main regret is that I have not been able to tell what might, perhaps, be the most moving and human part of our family story - that of the Ames wives. They made the homes, reared the many children, saved their husbands' money, encouraged their undertakings, and steadied them in failure and misfortune. But if we have scanty accounts of the men we have none of their wives. Until my grand- vi mother began to keep a diary I find no record of the part played by any woman. Still, though I have been able to write nothing of them, I have felt their inB.uence in every generation. And now, with an apology for having talked so long beforehand, let me tell our family story as I see it. W.A. Queset House North Easton, Mass. 1937 vii CONTENTS Page PREFACE V THE AMES NAME THREE GENERATIONS OF AMESES IN BRUTON, ENG- LAND. 4 WILLIA.t\1 Ai'ID JoHN AMEs Cm.rn TO NEw ENGLAND 12 EARLY CONDITIONS IN BRAINTREE AND BRIDGE- WATER . 21 WILLIAM AMES OF OLD BRAINTREE 30 JoHN AMES AND THE BRIDGEWATER PURCHASE. 36 JoHN AMES 'JUNIOR' AND KING PHILIP'S \VAR. 42 CAPTAIN THOMAS A!vfES, THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR AND THOMAS A\1ES, JR. 55 CAPTAIN JOHN A\1ES, THE FIRST AMES SHOVELS AND THE REVOLUTIONARY \VAR 62 THE FISHER A1rns BRANCH oF THE FAMILY. 69 THE AMES-ANGIER DEsCEC'IT TO SusA.'l"NA ANGIER. 72 OLIVER AMES COMES TO EASTON 80 THE EsTABLISHMENT OF THE SHOVEL \V ORKS 91 FAJ.\1ILY LIFE IN EASTON IN 1861 . 120 OAKES AMES AND OLIVER A.MES 2n. BcILD THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD r 32 THE FINANCING OF THE RAILROAD AND THE CREDIT ::V1oBILIER Not finished 195 lX APPENDIX Page DESCRIPTION OF THE FAMILY TREE . 200 PLATE OF FAMILY TREE facing page 200 GENEALOGY: 1560 TO 1937 201 THE AMEs CoAT OF .ARMs. 227 'MAYFLOWER' DESCENTS, 'COLONIAL DAMES,' AND 'DAUGHTERS OF THE REvoLUTION' . 228 CHRONOLOGY OF THE SHOVEL WORKS . 233 FAMILY GIFTS To THE TowN OF EASTON 243 THE AMES HOUSES IN EASTON 245 SOME REPEATED FAMILY NAMES 246 [The material for the Appendix was collected before the book was bei:i;un and was arranged by W. A., as here printed, during May 1937.] X THE Al.vfES F Al.vfIL Y of Easton~ ,._,,-11assachusetts THE Alv1ES NAME 1f N GILBERT AND SULLIVAN'S OPERA 'THE MIKADO'POOH BAH Jlboasts that he can trace his ancestry back to a "proto­ plasmal primordial atomic globule." If we Ameses could do likewise and follow our descent, step by step, from that microscopic bag of living jelly which the evolutionists tell us must have been our first progenitor what a magnificent line of forebears :we should be able to parade! If every one of them had not been so alert as to escape accidents and avoid being devoured we shouldn't exist at all; and, for at least five million years, each single ancestor - whether protozoan, fish, reptile, bird, mammal, or prehistoric man - must have been sagacious enough to choose all the right evolutionary turnings and never make a mistake in matri­ mony. Otherwise we might today be oysters or ostriches, or exhibit our family skeletons as dinosaurs in some mu­ seum, instead of having attained the proud estate of homo more or less sapiens - and Ameses at (hat! Bur, unless my naturalist cousin, Professor Oakes Ames, cares to undertake their history, I shall leave these noble progenitors still obscured in the primeval fog. We gene­ alogists are tiresome enough as it is without adding an extra half billion years to our researches, so I content myself with picking up the family trail in England and in the thirteenth centurv where we find the first record of our name. All surnames mean, or once meant, something. They were invented to avoid confusion when populations became con­ gested, and first came into general use in England about the I time of the Norman Conquest. Usually they were coined from some nickname, like John (the) Little, taken from some trade, like Thomas (the) Smith, or indicated some place of abode, like William ( from the) Wood. The present Ames family in England preserves a tradi­ tion that we originally sprang from Hebrew stock and came into England either from Spain or Portugal - a tradition supported by two curious bits of evidence. The Jews in Europe early found it expedient, or were forced, to abandon the ancient tribal titles of their scriptures, and, like the people among whom they lived, take family names instead. An eleventh century Hebrew parchment, discovered at the Es­ corial in Spain, lists a number of such changes, and among them states, "Ames is Manasseh" - meaning that certain Israelites of the tribe of Manasseh had assumed the surname Ames. In Hebrew 'manasseh' means 'causing forgetfulness'; and 'ames' or 'ameth' (both prono1.U1ced with a lisp) means 'truth.' Further, during the reign of James I. the author of "Croyate's Crudities" v,1rites that in Constantinople he was entertained by an English Jew, by name Ames, born in London of an English family long resident there. He was what we nowadays should call a banker, and had come to Constantinople for purposes of commerce. On the other hand, the foremost authority on British sur­ names, Henry Harrison, believes that the family came to England from Amiens in F ranee and took the name of their native city for an English surname - first as d' Amiens and later shortened into Amyas and Ames. Both these surmises may be true. There may have been two stocks, one of Norman and one of Hebrew origin, both 2 of which happened to assume the same name. But whatever our original blood, whether French or Hebrew, it has been so commingled by residence and marriage in England for many generations that it must now be almost purely English. If any tincture of a Jewish strain remains I hope it may bequeath us something of the intellectual vigor and persistent ambition of that extraordinary race. The early English form of the name was unquestionably Amyas, clipped in pronouncing it first to Amis and then to Ames. It is written Amyas in the text of a number of old wills and deeds, though they may be signed either Amyas or Amyce, Amys, Amis, Aimes or Ames. Respect for spelling is, however, a quite modern annoyance, and our forefathers were entirely careless how they spelled their surnames pro­ vided they indicated the sound.
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