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Casanova, Julían, the Spanish Republic and Civil
This page intentionally left blank The Spanish Republic and Civil War The Spanish Civil War has gone down in history for the horrific violence that it generated. The climate of euphoria and hope that greeted the over- throw of the Spanish monarchy was utterly transformed just five years later by a cruel and destructive civil war. Here, Julián Casanova, one of Spain’s leading historians, offers a magisterial new account of this crit- ical period in Spanish history. He exposes the ways in which the Republic brought into the open simmering tensions between Catholics and hard- line anticlericalists, bosses and workers, Church and State, order and revolution. In 1936, these conflicts tipped over into the sacas, paseos and mass killings that are still passionately debated today. The book also explores the decisive role of the international instability of the 1930s in the duration and outcome of the conflict. Franco’s victory was in the end a victory for Hitler and Mussolini, and for dictatorship over democracy. julián casanova is Professor of Contemporary History at the University of Zaragoza, Spain. He is one of the leading experts on the Second Republic and the Spanish Civil War and has published widely in Spanish and in English. The Spanish Republic and Civil War Julián Casanova Translated by Martin Douch CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521493888 © Julián Casanova 2010 This publication is in copyright. -
Appendix 1: Organisation of the Spanisn Army, November 1812
Appendix 1: Organisation of the Spanisn Army, November 1812 FIRST ARMY (CATALONlA) - LACY First Division Baza, Fernando VII, Leales Manresanos, Cazadores de Catalufla, Barcelona, Palma Second Division Ultonia, Matar6, Tarragona, Cardona, San Fernando, Ausona Unattached Borb6n, Tiradores de Busa, Gerona, Tiradores de Catalufla Total: sixteen battalions, c. 16 000 officers and men. SECOND AND THIRD ARMIES (LEV ANTE-ARAGON) - EUO (a) Second Army Villacampa' s Division 2° de la Princesa, 2° de Soria, 2° de Voluntarios de Arag6n, Voluntarios de Molina Bassecourt' s Division 2° de Voluntarios de Catalufla, 2° de Badajoz, Cazadores de Cuenca (two squadrons), Husares de Arag6n (two squadrons) EI Empecinado' s Voluntarios de Guadalajara, Voluntarios de Division Madrid, Tiradores de Sigüenza, Tiradores de Cuenca, Cazadores de Guadalajara (three squadrons), Cazadores Voluntarios de Madrid (three squadrons) Duran' s Division Cariflena, Voluntarios Numantinos, Cazadores de Soria, Voluntarios de Rioja, Dragones de Soria (three squadrons) Total: fourteen battalions, thirteen squadrons, c. 18 000 officers and men. 182 Appendix 1 183 (h) Third Army Vanguard - Freyre 1er de Voluntarios de la Corona, 1er de Guadix, Velez Malaga, Carabinieros Reales (one squadron), 1er Provisional de Linea (three squadrons), 2° Provisional de Linea (three squadrons), 1er Provisional de Dragones, (three squadrons), 2° Provisional de Dragones (three squadrons), 1er Provisional de Husares (two squadrons) Roche' s Division Voluntarios de Alicante, Canarias, Chinchilla, Cazadores de Valencia, Husares de Fernando VII (three squadrons) Montijo's Brigade 2° de Guardias Walonas, 1er de Badajoz, Cuenca Michelena' s Brigade 1er de Voluntarios de Arag6n, Tiradores de Cadiz, 2° de Mallorca Mijares' Brigade 1"' de Burgos, Alcazar de San Juan, BaHen, Lorca, Voluntarios de Jaen U na ttachedl garrisons Almansa, America, Alpujarras, Almeria, Cazadores de Jaen (one squadron), Cazadores de la Mancha (two squadrons) Total: twenty-two battalions, twenty-one squadrons, c. -
El Remate Julio 2016 (162) Imprimir:Maquetaciûn 1
Cubiertas Julio 2016 (162):Maquetación 1 10/06/16 10:53 Página Tel.: (34) 91 447 14 04 • Fax: (34) 91 447 59 41 • www.elremate.es • e-mail: [email protected] (34) 91 447 14 04 • Fax: 59 41 www.elremate.es Tel.: Exposición y Subasta: Modesto Lafuente, 12 • Madrid Subasta Jueves 7 de Julio 2016 Subastas El Remate • Libros y Manuscritos • Julio 2016 • Subasta 162 Subasta Jueves 7 de Julio 2016 Cubiertas Julio 2016 (162):Maquetación 1 10/06/16 10:53 Página 2 304 336 28 38 374 364 250 149 El Remate Julio 2016 (162) imprimir:Maquetación 1 10/06/16 9:32 Página 1 LIBROS Y MANUSCRITOS SUBASTA JUEVES, 7 de Julio a las 18,00 horas en Modesto Lafuente, 12 EXPOSICIÓN Desde el 27 de Junio en Modesto Lafuente, 12 De 9,00 a 18,00 horas ininterrumpidamente Los días 2 y 7 de Julio sólo de 10 a 14 horas. (Día 2 de Julio sólo exposición) Admisión de ofertas por escrito, teléfono y fax hasta las 17,00 horas del día de la subasta PORTADA: LOTE 304 CONTRAPORTADA: LOTE 160 SUBASTAS EL REMATE MADRID, S.L. Modesto Lafuente, 12 • 28010 MADRID Tel.: (34) 91 447 14 04 • Fax: (34) 91 447 59 41 www.elremate.es • e-mail: [email protected] Transferencias a Banco Santander: IBAN-BIC: ES47 0049 4664 17 2316714774 El comprador deberá pagar y retirar los lotes en un plazo máximo de 15 días hábiles, pasados los cuales se devengarán gastos de almacenamiento de 6 € diarios EL PRECIO DEL REMATE SE INCREMENTARÁ EN UN 17,24% (MÁS I.V.A. -
Guía De Recursos Bibliográficos De La Guerra De La Independencia
Guía de recursos bibliográficos de la Guerra de la Independencia www.bne.es Actualizado 09/01/2020 Página 1 Guía de recursos bibliográficos de la Guerra de la Independencia Introducción La presente Guía de la Guerra de la Independencia pretende recoger una selección de material de muy diversa índole relacionado con el conflicto que tuvo lugar en España entre los años 1808 y 1814 y que en estas fechas está viviendo su bicentenario. El material aquí recogido, todo él disponible en la propia Biblioteca Nacional de España o accesible desde ésta, permite abordar esta etapa de la historia desde aspectos muy dispares, pero todos ellos útiles para conocer el tema a través de distintos puntos de vista. La Guía está estructurada en seis capítulos, cada uno de los cuales se centra en un tipo diferente de material. El primer capítulo, “Recursos de información en la BNE”, presenta los materiales, tanto contemporáneos al conflicto como publicados con posterioridad, que se conservan en la Biblioteca Nacional: libros, folletos, grabados o material cartográfico. Muchos de ellos están incluidos en una de las mayores colecciones existentes sobre el tema con que cuenta nuestra institución, la Gómez Imaz. El segundo capítulo consiste en una amplia selección bibliográfica de gran interés histórico. Esta bibliografía, compuesta tanto por obras clásicas como por publicaciones recientes, recoge el fondo más relevante que la Biblioteca Nacional posee sobre el período que nos ocupa. Está organizada en varios apartados dedicados a la historia general, militar y política, a las biografías y memorias y a la iconografía más representativa. El tercer capítulo, “Archivos, bibliotecas y museos”, recoge las principales instituciones existentes para localizar fondos documentales relacionados con la Guerra de la Independencia fuera de la BNE. -
Bibliografía Seleccionada Sobre La Guerra De La Independencia
Bibliografía seleccionada sobre la Guerra de la Independencia www.bne.es Actualizado 07/04/2011 Página 1 Bibliografía seleccionada sobre la Guerra de la Independencia. Guía de la Guerra de la Independencia En el presente apartado presentamos una bibliografía selectiva de publicaciones monográficas existentes entre los fondos de la BnE, sobre la Guerra de la Independencia, 1808-1814, y sobre los acontecimientos ocurridos en España en dicho período. Está estructurado según el siguiente esquema. Hemos pretendido seleccionar las de mayor utilidad para lectores e investigadores, tanto las obras clásicas como las publicaciones más recientes. Historia general, militar y política Historias generales Guerrillas La guerra por regiones Batallas y sitios Cortes de Cádiz Reinado de José I Bonaparte. Los afrancesados Biografías y memorias Diccionarios biográficos y biografías colectivas Biografías individuales Memorias, diarios, epistolarios Grabados y exposiciones Recopilaciones de grabados e iconografía Catálogos de exposiciones Historias generales 1808, controversias historiográficas / Antonio Rodríguez de las Heras, Rosario Ruiz Franco (eds.). - San Sebastián de los Reyes, Madrid : Actas, 2010. - 238 p. ; 23 cm. - (Razón de historia ; 2). - Recoge las ponencias del seminario internacional homónimo, celebrado en Madrid en 2008 9/287434 1808-1812, los emblemas de la libertad / Alberto Ramos Santana, Alberto Romero Ferrer (eds.). - Cádiz : Universidad de Cádiz, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2009 . 579 p. : il. ; 24 cm . - (Monografías. Historia y arte). - Recoge las ponencias del IV Congreso Internacional Doceañista celebrado en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Cádiz, del 25 al 28 de marzo de 2008 9/285568 Amador y Carrandi, Florencio. La Universidad de Salamanca en la Guerra de la Independencia. -
En Esp Agn Et En Portugal
BIBLIOGRAPHIE DES VOYAGES EN ESP AGN ET EN PORTUGAL PAR R. FOULCHE-DELBOSC PARIS H. WELTER, ÉDITEUR 59, RUE BONAPARTE, 59 1896 BIBLIOGRAPHIE DES VOYAGES EN ESPAGNE ET EN PORTUGAL MAÇON, PROTAT FRÈRES, IMPRIMEURS. ß jo V BIBLIOGRAPHIE DES VOYAGES N ESPAGNE ET EN PORTUGAL PAR R. FOULCHE-DELBOSC PARIS H. WELTER, ÉDITEUR 59, RUE BONAPARTE, 59 189e . BIBLIOGRAPHIE DES VOYAGES EN ESPAGNE ET EN PORTUGAL Aucun document ne doit être négligé, aucun témoignage ne doit être rejeté a priori, si l'on veut se rendre un compte exact de l'état d'un pays, des mœurs et des usages d'un peuple à une époque quelconque; il s'agit seulement de faire un choix judicieux des uns et des autres et de n'accorder à chacun que la créance qu'il mérite. Les récits de voyages sont une source précieuse de renseigne ments de toute sorte, auxquels on a eu trop peu recours jusqu'ici et que l'on aurait grand tort de laisser plus longtemps inutilisés. De même que les mémoires, ce sont des écrits d'une valeur extrêmement inégale : composés, pour la plupart, d'après des notes prises au jour le jour, publiés le plus souvent, surtout dans la période contemporaine, au lendemain même du retour du voyageur, ils sont rédigés avec un moindre souci de la forme que telle ou telle autobiographie'dont on a soigneusement pesé tous les termes pendant de longues années; mais, envisagés comme documents, ils ne peuvent que gagner à cette absence de retouches : le temps n'a pas émoussé l'acuité des impressions, le parti pris ou le soin d'une apologie personnelle n'a pas subor donné la vérité à l'intérêt. -
Appendix 1: the Archaeology
Appendix 1: The Archaeology Employ the word ‘archaeology’ and a vision is instantly conjured up of Neolithic hand axes, Bronze-Age swords and Roman coins. For this the reason is very simple: in brief, until comparatively recently archaeology was a discipline that focused on the ancient world, the most that could be expected of it otherwise being the occasional foray into the mediaeval period. In Spain in particular, meanwhile, the emergence of archaeology as a modern scientific discipline has arguably been slower than elsewhere: thus, such departments of archaeology as exist are in many instances comparatively recent in their foundation. Put these factors together and add in the fact that one of the legacies of the Franco era was a rooted aversion among the academic community to all things military, and the result is that the archaeology of the Peninsular War is a subject that is very much in its infancy, and this at a time when conflict archaeology in general, and the conflict archaeology of the Napoleonic Wars in particular, have been making steady progress, as witness the discovery and systematic investigation of a mass grave in the Lithuanian city of Vilnius that proved to contain the remains of 2,000 French soldiers who had succumbed to typhus in the wake of the Retreat from Moscow.1 Still worse, the task of achieving similar progress in Spain is one whose path is rendered extremely problematic by a variety of different issues. In the first place, it is only in recent years – the key date is 1985, that year seeing the passage of the crucial -
The War in the Peninsula, 1808-1814
BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Benrg W. Sage 1891 AiJAa/./i-. /d/M Cornell University Library The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924024323705 Cornell University Library 232.S52 The war In the Peninsula, 1808-1814. 3 1924 024 323 705 '///, , , / ,//;, , / // ,/////,//, '. THE WAR IN THE PENINSULA 1808-1814 BY ALEXANDER INNES SHAND Author of The Life of Sir Edtvard Hamley' With Portraits and Plans NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS 153-157 Fifth Avenue 1898 K'llOlM. Necessarily this condensed narrative is based on Napier, the historian of the War, and on the Wellington Despatches. Southey and other English writers have been consulted, and references will be found in the text to the Memoirs of French soldiers who served in the campaigns, and to the observations of the Emperor himself at St Helena. Perhaps I may add that I had the advantage ' of talking over some of those Operations of War ' with the late Sir Edward Hamley, though, as I must trust to memory for the recollection of the conversations, he is not to be held responsible for opinions expressed. CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF EVENTS CHAPTER I 1806. Nov. 21. —Publication of the Berlin Decree—First Step towards establishing Continental System. 1807. Oct. 18. —Entrance of French Army into Spain for invasion of Portugal. Oct. 27. — Secret Treaty of Fontainebleau for partition of Portugal. Nov. 27. —Junot enters Lisbon. -
The French Invasions of Portugal 1807-1811: Rebellion, Reaction and Resistance
The French Invasions of Portugal 1807-1811: rebellion, reaction and resistance Anthony Gray MA by Research University of York Department of History Centre for Eighteenth Century Studies June 2011 Abstract Portugal’s involvement in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic wars resulted in substantial economic, political and social change revealing interconnections between state and economy that have not been acknowledged fully within the existing literature. On the one hand, economic and political change was precipitated by the flight of Dom João, the removal of the court to Rio de Janeiro, and the appointment of a regency council in Lisbon: events that were the result of much more than the mere confluence of external drivers and internal pressures in Europe, however complex and compelling they may have been at the time. Although governance in Portugal had been handed over to the regency council strict limitations were imposed on its autonomy. Once Lisbon was occupied, and French military government imposed on Portugal, her continued role as entrepôt, linking the South Atlantic economy to that of Europe, could not be guaranteed. Brazil’s ports were therefore opened to foreign vessels and restrictions on agriculture, manufacture and inter-regional trade in the colonies were lifted presaging a transition from neo-mercantilism to proto-industrialised capitalism. The meanings of this dislocation of political power and the shift of government from metropolis to colony were complex, not least in relation to the location and limits of absolutist authority. The immediate results of which were a series of popular insurrections in Portugal, a swift response by the French military government and conservative reaction by Portuguese élites, leading to widespread popular resistance in 1808 and 1809 and, subsequently, Portugal’s wholesale involvement in the Peninsular War with severe and deleterious effects on the Portuguese population and economy. -
Popular Resistence in Catalonia.Fm
DOSSIER-2003 ISSN 1445-89111 Antoni Moliner Prada Popular resistence in catalonia: somatenes and migueletes in the french war1 Antoni Moliner Prada (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Abstract / Resum / Resumen The author treats the characteristics of the somatenes and the miquelets during the Great War (1793-95) and the French War (1808-1814), he impacts in the strategies of the formation, the problem of the desertions, the profile of the war of guerrilla warfare and the activities of the irregular forces in relation to the military authorities. / L'autor tracta les característiques dels somatens i els miquelets durant la Gran Guerra (1793-95) i la Guerra del francès (1808-1814) fent incidència en les estratègies de formació, el problema de les desercions, el perfil de la guerra de guerrilles i les activitats de les forces irregulars en relació amb les autoritats militars. / L'autor tracta les característiques dels somatens i els miquelets durant la Gran Guerra (1793-95) i la Guerra del francès (1808-1814) fent incidència en les estratègies de formació, el problema de les desercions, el perfil de la guerra de guerrilles i les activitats de les forces irregulars en relació amb les autoritats militars. Key Words / Paraules clau / Palabras clave Fench War, Great War, miquelets, somatenes. / Guerra del francès, Guerra Gran, miquelets, somatens / Guerra del francès, guerra grande, miquelets, somatenes. The formation of migueletes and somatenes 1. Somatenes and migueletes, traditional Catalan defence organizations, were mobilised both in the "Great War" (1793-95) and in the "French War" (1808-1814). The professional army having all but disappeared after Duhesme's troops had taken Barcelona, the "Corregimental" (local) Juntas and the Catalan High Junta, constituted at Lerida on 18 June 1808, promoted the formation of Miguelete Tercios and a general Somatén. -
Humanitarian Relief in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39): the Independent and Non-Partisan Agencies
M.Phil Thesis Humanitarian relief in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39): The independent and non-partisan agencies Gabriel Pretus Nº 100147516 Royal Holloway University of London Department of History G. Pretus, Humanitarian relief in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) 1 Declaration of authorship I, Gabriel Pretus, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: ______________________ Date: ________________________ G. Pretus, Humanitarian relief in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) 2 Abstract The thesis looks at a previously unstudied topic: non-partisan humanitarian relief by international agencies during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39). It defines these agencies as those offering aid independently of governments and to both sides in the conflict. Thus the thesis covers: the British and American Quakers; the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC); the Save the Children Fund, Britain (SCF) and the Save the Children International Union, Switzerland (SCIU); together with Service Civil International, Switzerland (SCI) and. later in the conflict, one ad-hoc co-ordinating agency, the International Commission for the Assistance of Child Refugees in Spain (IC). This study constitutes the first fully documented history of the humanitarian work of these agencies in the conflict. It covers the conduct of the agencies; their interactions, diversities and similarities; the problems, successes and failures in their work at the start, during and at the end of the Spanish Civil War; and the way they interacted with the political authorities on both sides of the conflict. -
Wars and Battles of the British Empire
WARS AND BATTLES OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE BATTLE SUMMARIES ARE FROM HARBOTTLE'S DICTIONARY OF BATTLES, PUBLISHED BY SWAN SONNENSCHEIN & CO., 1904. WAR OF THE AUSTRIAN SUCCESSION—1740 TO 1748 ENGLAND TAKES AUSTRIA'S SIDE AGAINST FRANCE Battle of Description Porto Bello This place was captured from the Spaniards, November 21, 1740, by a British fleet of 6 ships, under 1740 Admiral Vernon. The British loss was trifling. Carthagena This port was blockaded March 9, 1741, by a British fleet under Admiral Vernon. An unsuccessful attack was made upon the forts, and eventually Vernon, having lost 3,000 men during the operations, 1741 withdrew April 9. Fought June 27, 1743, between the British, 40,000 strong, under George II, and 60,000 French under the Duc de Noailles. The British, who were retiring upon Hanau from Aschaffenburg, found their retreat Dettingen cut off by the French, Dettingen being held by 23,000 men under de Grammont, while the main body was on the opposite bank of the Maine. De Grammont left his lines to attack the British, whereupon 1743 George II put himself at the head of his troops, and led a charge which broke the French and drove them headlong into the river. Their losses in crossing were heavy, and they left 6,000 killed and wounded on the field. This is the last occasion on which the Sovereign has led British troops in battle. Fought February 21, 1744, between a British fleet of 27 sail of the line, and 8 frigates, under Admiral Toulon Matthews, and a combined French and Spanish fleet of 28 line-of-battle ships.