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A Manual of Abhidhamma

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A Manual of Abhidhamma AA ManualManual ofof AbhidhammaAbhidhamma (Abhidhammattha(Abhidhammattha Sangaha)Sangaha) By Narada Maha Thera HAN DD ET U 'S B B O RY eOK LIBRA E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.buddhanet.net Buddha Dharma Education Association Inc. A Manual of Abhidhamma Being Abhidhammattha Saïgaha of Bhadanta Anuruddhàcariya Edited In The Original Pàli Text With English Translation And Explanatory Notes By Nàrada Mahà Thera, Published By the Buddhist Missionary Society, 123, off Jalan Berhala, 50470 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Publication of the Buddhist Missionary Society, First edition 1956 Second revised edition 1968 Third revised edition 1975 Fourth revised edition 1979 © All rights reserved Fifth Edition published by the Buddhist Missionary Society. ISBN 967–9920–42–9 (1987) About this book Abhidhamma is the Higher Teaching of the Buddha, some- times referred to as the ultimate teaching (paramattha desanà). In it, man is described as a psycho-physical being consisting of both mind and matter, and it gives a micro- scopic analysis of the human being. Abhidhamma explains the process of birth and death in detail. In addition to defining consciousness, it also analyses and classifies thoughts mainly from an ethical standpoint. Various types of consciousness are also set forth in detail, as they arise through the six sense-doors. Modern psychology has begun to acknowledge that it comes within the scope of Abhidhamma for the reason that it deals with the mind, with thoughts, thought-processes, and mental states. Buddhism has, from the very beginning, taught psychology without a psyche. Abhidhamma also helps the student of Buddhism to fully comprehend the Anatta (No-Soul) doctrine which forms the crux of Buddhism. To a person who reads this book in a superficial manner, Abhidhamma appears as dry as dust, but to the wise truth-seekers, it is an indispensable guide as well as an intellectual treat. The reader who reads this book with deep thinking cannot fail to find it with plenty of food for thought and which will help him tremen- dously to increase his wisdom so essential for leading an ideal Buddhist way of life, and the realization of Ultimate Truth, Nibbàna. iii The Author, the late Venerable Nàrada Mahà Thera, was a well-known Buddhist Missionary from Sri Lanka who had written many valuable Buddhist publications, among which is “A Manual of Buddhism”, a grasp of which is imperative prior to the reader commencing his study of “A Manual of Abhidhamma”. Cover design by Chong Hong Choo Hong Chong by design Cover ISBN: 967–9920–59–3 ISBN: iv Contents Page About this book . iii Preface. ix Chapter One — Consciousness Introductory Verse . 16 Subject Matter . 21 Four Classes of Consciousness . 25 Immoral Consciousness . 27 Rootless Consciousness . 44 ‘Beautiful’ Consciousness . 55 Form-Sphere Consciousness . 62 Jhàna . 65 Formless Sphere Consciousness . 75 Supramundane Consciousness . 80 Realisation of Nibbàna . 83 Diagrams, I, 51; II–V, 90–92; VI–VIII, 93 Chapter Two — Mental States Definition . 97 Fifty-Two Kinds . 100 Combination of Mental States . 143 Immoral Mental States . 146 ‘Beautiful’ Mental States . 149 Supramundane Consciousness . 151 Sublime Consciousness . 155 Immoral Consciousness . 160 Rootless Consciousness . 163 v Chapter Three — Miscellaneous Section Feeling . 168 Roots . 179 Functions . 185 Javana . 192 Death . 196 Doors of Consciousness . 201 Objects . 209 Time . 215 Higher Knowledge . 220 Bases . 223 Chapter Four — Analysis of Thought-Processes Five Sense-Door Thought-Process . 234 Thought Processes . 235 Mind-Door Thought-Process . 243 Appanà Thought-Process . 245 Procedure of Retention . 251 Procedure of Javana . 256 Nirodhasamàpatti . 258 Classification of Individuals . 259 Section on Planes . 262 Diagram IX . 263 Chapter Five — Process-Freed Chapter Four Kinds of Planes . 266 Celestial Planes . 272 Fourfold Rebirth . 276 vi Four-Fold Kamma . 284 Immoral Kamma . 285 Moral Kamma . 286 Kamma . 289 Various Types of Kamma . 290 Procedure with regard to Decease and Rebirth . 302 Death . ..
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