SRV8306 Model Report Text 1.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW MODEL OF THE SALT RIVER VALLEY PHOENIX ACTIVE MANAGEMENT AREA MODEL UPDATE AND CALIBRATION ADAM FREIHOEFER, DALE MASON, PHILIP JAHNKE, LISA DUBAS, AND KADE HUTCHINSON HYDROLOGY DIVISION MODELING REPORT NO. 19 APRIL 2009 Table of Contents ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... VI 1.0 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 OBJECTIVE AND SCOPE............................................................................................................................1 1.2 PROJECT SETTING....................................................................................................................................2 1.3 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS.....................................................................................................................2 2.0 UPDATED REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW SYSTEM CONCEPTUAL MODEL ...................3 2.1 GEOLOGIC INTERPRETATION .........................................................................................................................3 2.2 HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES...............................................................................................................................5 2.3 SYSTEM INFLOW............................................................................................................................................6 2.3.1 Underflow..............................................................................................................................................6 2.3.2 Natural Recharge ...................................................................................................................................6 2.3.3 Incidental Recharge ...............................................................................................................................7 2.4 SYSTEM OUTFLOW ........................................................................................................................................9 2.4.1 Underflow..............................................................................................................................................9 2.4.2 Pumpage ................................................................................................................................................9 2.4.3 Evapotranspiration.................................................................................................................................9 2.5 CONCEPTUAL WATER BUDGET....................................................................................................................10 2.6 ESTIMATES OF GROUNDWATER IN STORAGE ...............................................................................................11 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF NUMERICAL GROUNDWATER FLOW MODEL .............................................11 3.1 MODELING APPROACH ................................................................................................................................11 3.2 MODFLOW PACKAGES..............................................................................................................................13 3.3 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS.............................................................................................................................15 3.4 MODEL DATA DEVELOPMENT .....................................................................................................................15 3.4.1 Water Levels........................................................................................................................................16 3.4.2 Aquifer Parameters..............................................................................................................................16 3.4.3 Pumpage ..............................................................................................................................................18 3.4.4 Evapotranspiration...............................................................................................................................18 3.4.5 Streamflow Routing and Groundwater / Surface-Water Interactions..................................................19 3.4.6 Natural Recharge .................................................................................................................................19 3.4.7 Incidental Recharge .............................................................................................................................20 4.0 CALIBRATION ...........................................................................................................................................22 4.1 MODEL CALIBRATION PROCESS ..................................................................................................................22 4.2 CALIBRATION CRITERIA AND MODEL ERROR..............................................................................................23 4.3 CALIBRATION TARGETS ..............................................................................................................................25 4.4 TRANSIENT CALIBRATION ...........................................................................................................................27 4.4.1 Calibration - Agricultural Recharge ....................................................................................................27 4.4.2 Calibration - Other Recharge Sources .................................................................................................27 4.4.3 Hydraulic Conductivity Modifications ................................................................................................28 4.4.3 Model Solver Modifications................................................................................................................29 4.5 TRANSIENT MODEL RESULTS ......................................................................................................................29 4.5.1 Water Levels........................................................................................................................................30 4.5.2 Hydrographs ........................................................................................................................................32 4.5.3 Water Budget.......................................................................................................................................32 4.5.4 Zone Budget ........................................................................................................................................33 5.0 MODEL SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS..............................................................................35 SELECTED REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................37 Draft Regional Groundwater Flow Model of the Salt River Valley, Simulation and Application i List of Figures Figure 1.1: SRV Active Model Area with Phoenix AMA Figure 1.2: Population Centers within the SRV Figure 2.1: SRV Model Geologic Cross Section Locations Figure 2.2: SRV Model Geologic Cross Sections (A - D) Figure 2.3: SRV Model Geologic Cross Sections (E - G) Figure 2.4: Total Basin Fill Aquifer Thickness (Above 3,000ft BLS) Figure 2.5: Geologic Data Deficient Areas Figure 2.6: Locations of Natural Recharge and Groundwater Underflow Figure 2.7: Locations of Incidental Recharge Figure 3.1: SRV Model Grid (Max. Active Extent) Figure 3.2: SRV Model Simulated Underflow Boundary Conditions Figure 3.3: SRV Model UAU (Layer 1) 1983 Initial Heads Figure 3.4: SRV Model MAU / LAU (Layers 2 & 3) 1983 Initial Heads Figure 3.5: SRV Model Hydraulic Conductivity (Layer 1) Figure 3.6: SRV Model Hydraulic Conductivity (Layer 2) Figure 3.7: SRV Model Hydraulic Conductivity (Layer 3) Figure 3.8: SRV Model Specific Yield (Layer 1) Figure 3.9: SRV Model Specific Yield (Layer 2) Figure 3.10: SRV Model Specific Yield (Layer 3) Figure 3.11: SRV 2006 Model Pumpage Rate Figure 3.12: SRV Model Evapotranspiration (ET) Rate Figure 3.13: SRV Model Streamflow Routing Figure 3.14: SRV Model Mountain Front Recharge Figure 3.15: SRV Model Stream Infiltration Recharge Draft Regional Groundwater Flow Model of the Salt River Valley, Simulation and Application ii List of Figures - Continued Figure 3.16: SRV Model Agricultural Recharge Figure 3.17: SRV Model Artificial Recharge Sites Figure 3.18: SRV Model Canal Recharge Figure 3.19: SRV Model Lake Recharge Figure 3.20: SRV Model Urban Recharge Figure 3.21: SRV Model Turf Recharge Figure 4.1: SRV 2002-2003 Simulated vs. Observed Water Level Contours Figure 4.2: SRV 2002-2003 Simulated minus Observed Weighted Residual Head Error Figure 4.3: Aquifer-Stream Interaction in Stream Package: Flood Year (1993) Figure 4.4: Aquifer-Stream Interaction in Stream Package: Non-Flood Year (2000) Figure 4.5: Groundwater Flux Zones Used to Calculate Internal Flows Draft Regional Groundwater Flow Model of the Salt River Valley, Simulation and Application iii List of Tables Table 1: SRV Conceptual Water Budget Summary 10 Table 2: SRV Model Components 12 Table 3: SRV Model Boundary Summary 15 Table 4: SRV Mountain Front Recharge Summary 19 Table 5: SRV Model Update Weighted Head Residual Summary 31 List of Appendices APPENDIX A Phoenix AMA