DOCSLIB.ORG

Disaster Prevention, Disaster Preparedness and Local Community Resilience Within the Context of Disaster Risk Management in Cameroon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Disaster Prevention, Disaster Preparedness and Local Community Resilience Within the Context of Disaster Risk Management in Cameroon Disaster prevention, disaster preparedness and local community resilience within the context of disaster risk management in Cameroon Festus Tongwa Aka, Gaston Wung Buh, Wilson Yatoh Fantong, Issa, Isabella Tem Zouh, Serges Laurent Bopda Djomou, Richard Tanwi Ghogomu, et al. Natural Hazards Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards ISSN 0921-030X Nat Hazards DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2674-5 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Nat Hazards DOI 10.1007/s11069-016-2674-5 ORIGINAL PAPER Disaster prevention, disaster preparedness and local community resilience within the context of disaster risk management in Cameroon 1,2 2 Festus Tongwa Aka • Gaston Wung Buh • 1 1 3 Wilson Yatoh Fantong • Issa • Isabella Tem Zouh • 1 4 Serges Laurent Bopda Djomou • Richard Tanwi Ghogomu • 5 6 7 Terry Gibson • Mary-Ann Marmol del • Luc Nkamdjou Sigha • 8 9 10 Takeshi Ohba • Minoru Kusakabe • Yutaka Yoshida • 1 1 Gregory Tanyileke • Joseph Metuk Nnange • Joseph Victor Hell1 Received: 15 May 2015 / Accepted: 2 November 2016 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016 Abstract Cameroon was one of the 57 countries that participated in the Global Network of Civil Society Organizations for Disaster Reduction (GNDR) Views from the Frontline (VFL) 2013 project on everyday disasters, community resilience and disaster preparedness. Working with 6 other civil society organizations, Geotechnology, Environmental Assessment and Disaster Risk Reduction administered 400 questionnaires to frontliners in 7 administrative regions of the country on 14 disaster indicators that assessed the under- lying causes of disasters and the level of preparedness and resilience of the communities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11069-016-2674-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Festus Tongwa Aka [email protected] 1 Institute of Geological and Mining Research (IRGM) Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation (MINRESI), P.O. Box 4110, Yaounde´, Cameroon 2 Geotechnology, Environmental Assessment and Disaster Risk Reduction (GEADIRR), P.O. Box 437, Limbe, Cameroon 3 Ministry of Environment and Nature Protection, Yaounde´, Cameroon 4 Geo-Environmental Management and Disaster Awareness (GEMDA), P.O. Box 7003, Yaounde´, Cameroon 5 Global Network of Civil Society Organizations for Disaster Reduction, 8 Waldegrave Road, Teddington, London TW11 8HT, UK 6 Department of Geology and Soil Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium 7 International Commission of Congo-Oubangui-Sangha Basin (CICOS), Building Kilou, 24 Av. Wagenia, Kinshasa/Gombo, Democratic Republic of Congo 8 Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan 123 Author's personal copy Nat Hazards Scores from the 89% of informants who responded show that Cameroon occupied the 43rd position globally, was 15th out of the 23 African countries, and was 7th out of the 9 West African countries surveyed. Cameroon average scores for all 14 indicators were lower (poorer) than the West African average, suggesting that a lot more effort is needed in managing disaster risks in the country, i.e., reducing vulnerabilities and increasing pre- paredness and resilience. At the national level, the Center and Adamaoua Regions recorded the lowest scores of the survey. Above-average scores recorded for some indicators in the Southwest, Northwest and Far North Regions are interpreted to be due to disaster pre- vention activities like monitoring via early warning systems, resilience building and out- reach exercises carried out for disasters like landslides, floods, gas explosions from lakes, and volcanic eruptions, in these areas. Cameroon presently has many laws relating to disaster risk management matters, but an analysis of how the laws are applied shows that the expected results have not been attained, mainly because of over-centralization and a reactive, rather than a proactive approach to disaster risk management. Given her current disaster risk profile, Cameroon has to increase research, better manage, and make disaster risks a central tenet in her development project decision-making, if the goal earmarked in her development vision to become a newly industrialized country by 2035 has to be realized. We propose the creation of an autonomous statutory National Disaster Risk Management Agency which will have a local community-driven bottom-top approach to disaster risk management, and disseminate appropriately tailored disaster risk information to promote a proactive community-based resilience and disaster prevention framework. This will fulfill the post-2015 Sendai framework priority of action No. 2 (strengthening disaster risk governance to manage disaster risk) and appropriately prepare Cameroon to face the challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Keywords Hyogo Framework of Action (HFA) Á Disaster risk reduction Á Views from the Frontline (VFL) 2013 Á GEADIRR Á Cameroon national scores Á Department of Civil Protection (DPC) Á National Disaster Risk Management Agency (NADRIMA) 1 Introduction Of the 8 Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets, eradicating extreme poverty and hunger (MDG target No 1) and ensuring environmental sustainability (MDG target No 7) are important entry points for disaster risk reduction because extreme poverty cannot be eradicated, and sustainable development cannot be attained unless disaster risk reduction is mainstreamed into development policies, plans and implementation. Disasters undermine the results of development and impoverish the community and the state (SFA 2015). Cameroon was among the 168 countries that signed the Hyogo Framework of Action (HFA) in 2005, committing to take action within 10 years (up to 2015) to reduce human and socioeconomic disaster losses as a means to attaining the MDGs. Cameroon also signed, as one of the 187 countries, the Sendai framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 (MINATD 2015). The HFA emphasized that disaster risk reduction is central to development policy and a concern of multidisciplinary knowledge about humanity and the 9 Department of Biology and Environmental Chemistry, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama-shi 980-8555, Japan 10 Yoshida Consulting Engineering Office, 3-46-10,Tsukigaoka, Morioka, Iwate-ken 020-0121, Japan 123 Author's personal copy Nat Hazards environment. From the civil society perspective, the Global Network of Civil Society Organizations for Disaster Reduction (GNDR) monitored national, regional and global progress toward attainment of the five ‘priorities for action’ of the HFA that were: (1) prioritizing disaster risk reduction by providing high-profile leadership, establishing rele- vant policies and programs, and allocating resources to implement them; (2) identifying, assessing and monitoring disaster risks and improving early warning systems; (3) creating awareness at all levels of society about risks and providing information about how to reduce them; (4) reducing social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities and those related to land use through improved development planning and post-disaster recon- struction by all sectors; and (5) ‘strengthening disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels’ (UNISDR 2005, p6). The GNDR carried out the monitoring from a bottom-up perspective via a program called Views from the Frontline (VFL), the main goal of which was to support effective frontline implementation of the HFA to build the resilience of vulnerable people and communities at risk to disasters. Views from the Frontline imple- mented 3 projects to measure the level of progress in the implementation of HFA. The first VFL project in 2009 (‘clouds but little rain…’) was carried out in 48 countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas, by 400 Civil Society Organizations (CSOs). It sampled the views of 7000 respondents and provided proof that even though some governments had made progress (4 years after the start of HFA) in their national policies and legislations in establishing disaster risk reduction policies, these had yet to be translated into changes in the livelihoods of their people on the frontlines (VFL 2009). The second survey in 2011 (‘if we do not join hands…’) was on the role of local governance on disaster risk reduction, i.e., the significance of state and non-state actors working together to ensure the safety and well-being of their communities. It was carried out by 511 civil society organizations in 69 countries and had 20,290 respondents with 57 video case studies (including one from Limbe, Cameroon). Using 21 local risk governance indicators, VFL (2011) found that significant barriers to the implementation of plans and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Baseline Study on the Occurrence of Cryptosporidium Spp from Streams Water, After Torrential Rains in Bamenda, Cameroon
    Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.5, No.17, 2015 Baseline Study on the Occurrence of Cryptosporidium Spp from Streams Water, after Torrential Rains in Bamenda, Cameroon .Polycarp N Chia Department of Parasitology, Imo State University Owerri, Nigeria. PO Box, 2000 Owerri, Imo state Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Catholic University of Cameroon (CATUC) Bamenda - Cameroon Prof. Chinyere Ukaga N Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Imo State University Nigeria Prof. Kenneth A Yongabi Phyto-Biotechnology Research Foundation Institute, P.O Box 921 Bamenda North West Region-Cameroon Prof. NWOKE BEB Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Imo State University Nigeria Prof. PM TIH Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Board, Bamenda Cameroon Abstract Oocycts of Cryptosporidia are zoonotic infective stages of Cryptosporidia spp that can easily contaminate the environment if not properly disposed of. Torrential rains would usually wash them into the nearby streams and likely be consumed by humans when the water is used. Cryotosporidiosis in people with suppressed immune systems have no cure as the robust oocycst are not destroyed by chlorination. The aim of this study is to determine the presence of Cryptosporia oocycts in stream water after torrential rains 60 samples of stream water were collected immediately after rain storm in June and July 2014, from 5 streams flowing through Bamenda town. 2 samples of 1.5L were collected from each stream, on 6 different days. Cryptosporidia ssp were present in all the streams but there was no significant difference between their occurrence and the stream’s location, Chi square = 2.605, >0.05The streams flowing through Bamenda town are polluted Keywords: storm-water, zoonotic, Cryptosporidiosis, chlorination, oocysts 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Adaptations of Swamp Rice Farmers to the Effects of Climate Change in Ndop Sub-Divison, Cameroon
    International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI) | Volume VIII, Issue I, January 2021 | ISSN 2321–2705 Adaptations of Swamp Rice Farmers to the Effects of Climate Change in Ndop Sub-divison, Cameroon Nkiene Valery1, Kiming Ignatius2, Chop Leonard3, Karba Juliet4 , Ndum Albert5 1,2,3,4 Department of Geography, University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon 5Department of International Development, Madison University, USA Abstract: Farmers in the rain-fed agriculture in equatorial or excessive rainfall) impact negatively on agricultural yields regions are highly exposed to the adverse effects of climate of both rain-fed and irrigated crops (3). These effects are change due to complete reliance on rainfall which has become manifested through water availability, crop growing stress and unpredictable. Planned and spontaneous adaptation in such yields, water availability, pests and disease, animal health and conditions becomes crucial to remain in farming in climate other biophysical factors. (4).However, for century’s rural change regime. In the rural settings of the less-developed areas, farmers mostly adapt to risks posed by climate change farmers have evolved various survival strategies to combat the individually. The present study investigates different adaptation adverse effects of climate change on crop production. Some of strategies of farmers using cross-sectional data collected from these schemes are multiple cropping systems, cropping Ndop sub-division of the Ngoketunjia division in the North West drought resistant or drought tolerant crops and diversification region of Cameroon. The study examines the role of socio- of livelihood activities (5) economic characteristics of farmers on adaptation to climate change. Plant level, farm level and farmers level of adaptations Cameroon is one of the countries in the world that has the were examined and barriers to adoption of effective adaptation potentials to produce rice in larger quantity (6).
    [Show full text]
  • Changements Institutionnels, Statégies D'approvisionnement Et De Gouvernance De L'eau Sur Les Hautes Terres De L'ou
    Changements institutionnels, statégies d’approvisionnement et de gouvernance de l’eau sur les hautes terres de l’Ouest Cameroun : exemples des petites villes de Kumbo, Bafou et Bali Gillian Sanguv Ngefor To cite this version: Gillian Sanguv Ngefor. Changements institutionnels, statégies d’approvisionnement et de gouvernance de l’eau sur les hautes terres de l’Ouest Cameroun : exemples des petites villes de Kumbo, Bafou et Bali. Géographie. Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2014. Français. NNT : 2014TOU20006. tel-01124258 HAL Id: tel-01124258 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01124258 Submitted on 6 Mar 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 5)µ4& &OWVFEFMPCUFOUJPOEV %0$503"5%&-6/*7&34*5²%&506-064& %ÏMJWSÏQBS Université Toulouse 2 Le Mirail (UT2 Le Mirail) $PUVUFMMFJOUFSOBUJPOBMFBWFD 1SÏTFOUÏFFUTPVUFOVFQBS NGEFOR Gillian SANGUV -F mercredi 29 janvier 2014 5Jtre : INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES, WATER ACCESSIBILITY STRATEGIES AND GOVERNANCE IN THE CAMEROON WESTERN HIGHLANDS: THE CASE OF BALI, KUMBO AND BAFOU SMALL CITIES. École doctorale
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study of Health Risk Estimate for Pesticide-Users of Fruits and Vegetable Farmers in Cameroon
    Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Academic year 2010 – 2011 A case study of health risk estimate for pesticide-users of fruits and vegetable farmers in Cameroon Christopher Ndi AMUOH Promoters: Dr. ir. Liesbeth Jaxcsen Dr. ir. Pieter Spanoghe Tutor: Ir. Ilse Delcour Master’s dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Nutrition and Rural Development, Main subject: Human Nutrition 1 Copyright “All rights are reserved. The author, the promoters and the tutor permit the use of this Master’s Dissertation for consulting purposes and copying of parts for personal use. However, any other use falls under the limitations of copyright regulations, particularly the stringent obligation to explicitly mention the source when citing parts out of this Master’s dissertation”. Ghent, June 2011 The Promoters Dr. ir. Liesbeth Jaxcsen Dr. ir. Pieter Spanoghe Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] The Tutor The Author Ilse Delcour Christopher Ndi AMUOH Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] i Dedication This piece of work is entirely dedicated to the Amuoh and Achu’s family ii Acknowledgement This case study of Cameroon was carried out in five regions of Cameroon under the project VEGI-TRADE within the Department of Food Safety and Food Quality of the Faculty of Bioscience Engineering of the Ghent University. My greatest thanks go to my promoters, Dr. ir. Liesbeth Jaxcsens, Dr. ir. Pieter Spanoghe for accepting, encouraging, guiding me and for their constructive criticisms on which this work is done. I am also very grateful to my tutor Ir.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2009
    Annual Report 2009 www.ifs.se In 2009, IFS was supported by Department for International Development (DFID), United Kingdom Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Germany Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research (MISTRA), Sweden Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), France The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, USA Ministère des Affaires Étrangères (MAE), France National Research Council of Thailand (NRTC) Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), Norway Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Organisation of the Islamic Conference Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Cooperation (COMSTECH) Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), Sweden Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland Syngenta Foundation for Sustainable Agriculture (SFSA), Switzerland United Nations University (UNU) World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)/CGIAR Gender & Diversity Program Cover photos (left to right): Meshesha Anagaw, Kamala Gurung, Petronella Nyakundi, Eva Rostig, Tinakorn Kanyanee, Dina Andersson, Amanuel Tamiru Design: IdéoLuck Printing: Litografia AlfaPrint, September 2010 Table of Contents Message from the Chair Challenging times ahead for IFS­ 2 Message from the Director A fruitful decade 3 Targeted research grants 4 Selected research highlights 6 Capacity enhancing support 14 Beyond research grants and capacity enhancing support 19 Boosting the role of women in science 20 A lifetime of dedication to the mission of IFS 23 Follow-up, institutional learning
    [Show full text]
  • Exploration of Potential Ore Deposits Along the Cameroon Volcanic Line from Gravity and Magnetic Studies
    Open Journal of Geology, 2020, 10, 1009-1026 https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojg ISSN Online: 2161-7589 ISSN Print: 2161-7570 Exploration of Potential Ore Deposits along the Cameroon Volcanic Line from Gravity and Magnetic Studies Fosso Téguia M. Estelle Eric1,2, Nana Gaelle Vanessa1,3, Lepatio Tchieg Sterve Alain3,4, Ntomb Biboum Edouard Olivier1,3, Eyike Yomba Albert2*, Zanga Amougou Alain2, Atéba Bekoa1, Ntepe Nfomou1 1Branch for Geophysical and Volcanological Research/Institute for Geological and Mining Research, Buea, Cameroon 2University of Douala, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Douala, Cameroon 3University of Yaounde 1, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Yaounde, Cameroon 4National Institute of Cartography, Yaounde, Cameroon How to cite this paper: Eric, F.T.M.E., Abstract Vanessa, N.G., Alain, L.T.S., Olivier, N.B.E., Albert, E.Y., Alain, Z.A., Bekoa, A. A gravity and magnetic study has been carried out along the continental part and Nfomou, N. (2020) Exploration of of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), with the aim to explore the possibility Potential Ore Deposits along the Cameroon of ore’s presence into the basement of this region. Different processing tech- Volcanic Line from Gravity and Magnetic Studies. Open Journal of Geology, 10, niques have been applied, including the isostatic residual, the analytic signal 1009-1026. and the Euler deconvolution to compute the Bouguer and magnetic anoma- https://doi.org/10.4236/ojg.2020.1010047 lies. Following Euler solutions (result of Euler deconvolution) and the analyt- ic signal results, four profiles crossing main structures on the isostatic resi- Received: September 18, 2020 Accepted: October 27, 2020 dual have been used to enhance the structure of intrusions in the studied area.
    [Show full text]
  • LOUIS AIME BETCHEM a MOUBITANG Rio De Janeiro, 2017
    FUNDAÇÃO GETULIO VARGAS ESCOLA BRASILEIRA DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA E DE EMPRESAS MESTRADO EXECUTIVO EM GESTÃO EMPRESARIAL ENTERING COCOA BUSINESS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, THE CASE OF CAMEROON DISSERTAÇÃO APRESENTADA Ã ESCOLA BRASILEIRA DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO PUBLICA E DE EMPRESSAS PARA OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE MESTRE LOUIS AIME BETCHEM A MOUBITANG Rio de Janeiro, 2017 1 | P a g e Louis Aime BETCHEM LOUIS AIME BETCHEM A MOUBITTANG ENTERING COCOA BUSINESS IN SUB–SAHARAN AFRICA; THE CASE OF CAMEROON Master thesis presented to Corporate International Master’s program, Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública, Fundação Getuilio Vargas, as a requirement for obtaining the title of Master in Business Management. Professor José Mauro Gonçalves Nunes Rio de Janeiro 2017 2 | P a g e Louis Aime BETCHEM Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Biblioteca Mario Henrique Simonsen/FGV Moubitang, Louis Aime Betchem A. Entering cocoa business in Sub-Saharan Africa: the case of Cameroon / Louis Aime Betchem A. Moubitang. - 2017. 91 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas, Centro de Formação Acadêmica e Pesquisa. Orientador: José Mauro Gonçalves Nunes. Inclui bibliografia. 1. Indústria cacaueira. 2. Cacau – Comércio. I. Nunes, José Mauro Gonçalves. II. Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas. Centro de Formação Acadêmica e Pesquisa. III. Título. CDD – 338.17374 3 | P a g e Louis Aime BETCHEM 4 | P a g e Louis Aime BETCHEM DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to my wife Marianne and kids Brian and Brianna BETCHEM for their tolerance and support during these months of physical and mental absence, the effort they put all together to help on fulfilling each step of this Master program, their unconditional love that brought with motivation and determination every day of the program.
    [Show full text]
  • Consultancy Report on Vegetable Seeds
    Integrated Agricultural Systems for the Humidtropics, a CGIAR Research Project Consultancy Report on Vegetable Seeds Baseline survey for setting up smallholders’ sustainable vegetable seed supply and distribution system in humid tropics areas of Cameroon Team Members Tata Precillia Ijang (Team leader) Dr Ngome Francis Godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong Ngayong Joseph Wirngo December 2013 Executive Summary The Cameroon seed sector is developing slowly and steadily and there is political will through government legislation and requirements to foster the development of the sector with a view to boosting the agricultural sector as well as stimulating the economy as a whole. The seed sector activity is regulated by law N o 2001/014 of 23 rd July 2001 relating to seed production and marketing and its instruments of application. Decision N o 541/MINADER/SG/DRCQ/SDRSQV of 7 th September 2006 on the homologation of official technical regulation of quality control of certain vegetable seeds complements the law of July 2001 and specifically applies to the production, importation and quality control and marketing of vegetable seeds. The public sector has a definite contribution to promote the development of the seed sector in Cameroon. Through the Department of Quality Regulation and Control of Inputs and Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the state ensures regulation of seeds and vegetable quarantine as well as the breeding of various species of seeds. At present this department controls one national breeding centre and ten regional ones that supply seeds to various stakeholders of the seed sector in Cameroon. The role of public sector is mainly catalytic in initiating seed production, quality control, seed certification, notification and registration of varieties and other regulatory systems.
    [Show full text]
  • Dangerous Assumptions. the Agroecology and Ethnobiology Of
    Dangerous Assumptions. The Agroecology and Ethnobiology of Traditional Polyculture Cassava Systems in Rural Cameroon and Implications of Green Revolution Technologies for Sustainability, Food Security, and Rural Welfare Regina Nchang Ntumngia Thesis committee Thesis supervisor Prof. dr. Patricia L. Howard Professor of Gender Studies in Agriculture Wageningen University Thesis co-supervisor Dr. Lisa M.L. Price Associate Professor, Sociology of Consumers and Households Wageningen University Other members Prof. dr. ir. Han W.M. van Dijk, Wageningen University Dr. ir. Bert Visser, Plant Research International, Wageningen Dr. Gary Martin, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK Dr. Rajindra Puri, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK This research was conducted under the auspices of the Research School for Resource Studies in Development (CERES) Dangerous Assumptions. The Agroecology and Ethnobiology of Traditional Polyculture Cassava Systems in Rural Cameroon and Implications of Green Revolution Technologies for Sustainability, Food Security, and Rural Welfare Regina Nchang Ntumngia Thesis Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor at Wageningen University by the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. dr. M.J. Kropff in the presence of the Thesis Committee appointed by the Academic Board to be defended in public on Monday 6 December 2010 at 11 a.m. in the Aula. Regina Nchang Ntumngia Dangerous Assumptions. The Agroecology and Ethnobiology of Traditional Polyculture Cassava Systems in Rural Cameroon and Implications of Green Revolution Technologies for Sustainability, Food Security, and Rural Welfare. 392 pages. Thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen, NL (2010) With references, with summaries in Dutch and English ISBN 978-90-8585-842-3 Dedication TO My Late Father, Papa Ntumngia Samuel Ngwa.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloads/Animalveterinary/Guidancecomplianceenforcement/Compliance Enforcement/UCM113409.Pdf (Accessed on 16 April 2013)
    Toxins 2013, 5, 884-894; doi:10.3390/toxins5050884 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins Article Assessment of Aflatoxin Contamination of Maize, Peanut Meal and Poultry Feed Mixtures from Different Agroecological Zones in Cameroon Jean Raphaël Kana 1,*, Benoit Gbemenou Joselin Gnonlonfin 2, Jagger Harvey 2, James Wainaina 2, Immaculate Wanjuki 2, Robert A. Skilton 2 and Alexis Teguia 1 1 Animal Production Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon 2 Biosciences eastern and central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA-ILRI) Hub, Nairobi, Kenya * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +237-74-89-33-94. Received: 4 March 2013; in revised form: 11 April 2013 / Accepted: 12 April 2013 / Published: 29 April 2013 Abstract: Mycotoxins affect poultry production by being present in the feed and directly causing a negative impact on bird performance. Carry-over rates of mycotoxins in animal products are, in general, small (except for aflatoxins in milk and eggs) therefore representing a small source of mycotoxins for humans. Mycotoxins present directly in human food represent a much higher risk. The contamination of poultry feed by aflatoxins was determined as a first assessment of this risk in Cameroon. A total of 201 samples of maize, peanut meal, broiler and layer feeds were collected directly at poultry farms, poultry production sites and poultry feed dealers in three agroecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon and analyzed for moisture content and aflatoxin levels. The results indicate that the mean of the moisture content of maize (14.1%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than all other commodities (10.0%–12.7%).
    [Show full text]
  • Phrynobatrachidae: Phrynobatrachus), with Descriptions of Two Critically Endangered New Species from the Northern Cameroon Volcanic Line
    Evolutionary history of the Cameroon radiation of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachidae: Phrynobatrachus), with descriptions of two critically endangered new species from the northern Cameroon Volcanic Line Václav Gvoždík1,2, Tadeáš Nečas1,3, Matej Dolinay1,3, Breda M. Zimkus4, Andreas Schmitz5 and Eric B. Fokam6 1 Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic 2 Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic 3 Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic 4 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA 5 Natural History Museum, Geneva, Switzerland 6 Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon ABSTRACT The Cameroon Volcanic Line, a mountain chain located between West and Central Africa, is a region of numerous endemic diversifications, including of puddle frogs (Phrynobatrachus). This study reviews the phylogeny and taxonomy of puddle frogs of the “Cameroon radiation,” which is a clade containing mainly montane but also at least three lowland species. Molecular data revealed a novel evolutionary lineage from high altitudes in the northern part of the mountains. Puddle frogs from the new, minute-sized (SVL < 20 mm) lineage are identified using molecular, morphological and acoustic data and described as two new species, Phrynobatrachus arcanus sp. nov. (Gotel Mountains, Cameroon–Nigeria) and P. mbabo sp. nov. fi Submitted 11 July 2019 (Tchabal Mbabo, Cameroon). The tadpole of the rst species is also described. Accepted 13 December 2019 Phylogenetic analyses placed the new lineage to the proximity of the recently Published 3 March 2020 described lowland small-sized taxa (P. horsti, P. ruthbeateae).
    [Show full text]
  • Exploratory Study on Agricultural Practices on the Bamboutos Mountains
    Volume 5, Issue 10, October – 2020 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology ISSN No:-2456-2165 Exploratory Study on Agricultural Practices on the Bamboutos Mountains Ngimdoh Marline Mirene, University of Dschang Tchekote Herve, University of Dschang Achamoh Victalice Ngimanang, University of Bamenda Abstract:- The paper intends to examine the logic of I. INTRODUCTION agricultural practices on upper slopes of the Bamboutos Mountainswhich cut across the South West, West and Agricultural practices are collection of principles to North West regions of Cameroon. The zone is located apply for farm production processes to facilitate farming and between latitude, 5o32’ and 5o51’N, longitude, 9o56 and to get better agricultural products. On the Bamboutos 10o09’ E and it extends from an altitude of 2000m to Mountains, there has been a great change in the agricultural 2700m. After developing a conceptual framework that practices and techniques as the main actors are increase in reviews the key concepts and theories of agricultural size and spheres. In the past before the economic crises practices. Both primary and secondary data were which saw the prices of main cash crops of the area which collected from the eight localities which constitute the were rubusta coffee and Arabica coffee in the lower slopes area under study to collect data effectively from 162 of upper slopes of the mountains respectively, the main respondents. Analysis was done with the help of SPSS,`1 actors were farmers and Cooperative (CAPLAMI) who Excels 2016 and the result is presented in tables, charts acted as buyers and the techniques use were characterized and graphs.
    [Show full text]