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IRAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY the Islamic Republic of Iran
IRAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Islamic Republic of Iran is a constitutional, theocratic republic in which Shia Muslim clergy and political leaders vetted by the clergy dominate the key power structures. Government legitimacy is based on the twin pillars of popular sovereignty--albeit restricted--and the rule of the supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution. The current supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, was chosen by a directly elected body of religious leaders, the Assembly of Experts, in 1989. Khamenei’s writ dominates the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. He directly controls the armed forces and indirectly controls internal security forces, the judiciary, and other key institutions. The legislative branch is the popularly elected 290-seat Islamic Consultative Assembly, or Majlis. The unelected 12-member Guardian Council reviews all legislation the Majlis passes to ensure adherence to Islamic and constitutional principles; it also screens presidential and Majlis candidates for eligibility. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was reelected president in June 2009 in a multiparty election that was generally considered neither free nor fair. There were numerous instances in which elements of the security forces acted independently of civilian control. Demonstrations by opposition groups, university students, and others increased during the first few months of the year, inspired in part by events of the Arab Spring. In February hundreds of protesters throughout the country staged rallies to show solidarity with protesters in Tunisia and Egypt. The government responded harshly to protesters and critics, arresting, torturing, and prosecuting them for their dissent. As part of its crackdown, the government increased its oppression of media and the arts, arresting and imprisoning dozens of journalists, bloggers, poets, actors, filmmakers, and artists throughout the year. -
COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 267/2012 of 23 March 2012 Concerning Restrictive Measures Against Iran and Repealing Regulation (EU) No 961/2010 (OJ L 88, 24.3.2012, P
02012R0267 — EN — 09.07.2019 — 026.002 — 1 This text is meant purely as a documentation tool and has no legal effect. The Union's institutions do not assume any liability for its contents. The authentic versions of the relevant acts, including their preambles, are those published in the Official Journal of the European Union and available in EUR-Lex. Those official texts are directly accessible through the links embedded in this document ►B COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 267/2012 of 23 March 2012 concerning restrictive measures against Iran and repealing Regulation (EU) No 961/2010 (OJ L 88, 24.3.2012, p. 1) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 350/2012 of 23 April 2012 L 110 17 24.4.2012 ►M2 Council Regulation (EU) No 708/2012 of 2 August 2012 L 208 1 3.8.2012 ►M3 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 709/2012 of 2 August 2012 L 208 2 3.8.2012 ►M4 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 945/2012 of 15 October L 282 16 16.10.2012 2012 ►M5 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1016/2012 of 6 November L 307 5 7.11.2012 2012 ►M6 Council Regulation (EU) No 1067/2012 of 14 November 2012 L 318 1 15.11.2012 ►M7 Council Regulation (EU) No 1263/2012 of 21 December 2012 L 356 34 22.12.2012 ►M8 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1264/2012 of 21 December L 356 55 22.12.2012 2012 ►M9 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 522/2013 of 6 June 2013 L 156 3 8.6.2013 ►M10 Council Regulation (EU) No 517/2013 of 13 May 2013 L 158 1 10.6.2013 ►M11 Council Regulation (EU) No 971/2013 of 10 October 2013 -
Examining 10 Warning Signs of Iran Nuclear Weapons
International Committee In Search of Justice (ISJ) President: Dr. Alejo Vidal-Quadras Rue d’Arlon 63, B-1040 Brussels Belgium Tel : +32 2 400 1071 [email protected] www.isjcommittee.com EXAMINING 10 WARNING SIGNS OF IRAN NUCLEAR WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT NOVEMBER 20,2014 Dr. Alejo Vidal Quadras, Former Vice‐President of European Parliament, Professor of Atomic and Nuclear Physics: “An objective, thoroughly researched report on the core issue of the nature of Iranian nuclear program and its status”. Bob Jospeh, Former US Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security, Senior White House Security Council staff on weapons of mass destruction: “A critically important report at a critically important time”. John Bolton, former US Ambassador to the UN, former Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security: "A timely and well document report with alarming findings on Iran's nuclear program." Contents Executive summary Chapter 1: SPND (organ in charge of weaponization) Chapter 2: Procurement of dual purpose equipment and its possible use for military dimensions of nuclear program Chapter 3: Secret enrichment of uranium Chapter 4: Enrichment using laser technology Chapter 5: High explosives tests and trigger mechanism Chapter 6: Neutron initiator Chapter 7: Manufacturing uranium metal (uranium hemisphere) Chapter 8: Hydro-dynamic tests and explosion vessels at Parchin site Chapter 9: Research on nuclear warhead Chapter 10: Key scientists and researchers engaged in possible military dimensions of nuclear program International Committee In Search of Justice (ISJ) was initially formed in 2008 as an informal group of EU parliamentarians to seek justice for the Iranian democratic opposition. -
United Nations A/HRC/20/NGO/105
United Nations A/HRC/20/NGO/105 General Assembly Distr.: General 15 June 2012 English only Human Rights Council Twentieth session Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Written statement* submitted by the Verein Sudwind Entwicklungspolitik, a non-governmental organization in special consultative status The Secretary-General has received the following written statement which is circulated in accordance with Economic and Social Council resolution 1996/31. [5 June 2012] * This written statement is issued, unedited, in the language(s) received from the submitting non-governmental organization(s). GE.12-14079 A/HRC/20/NGO/105 The situation of higher education in the Islamic Republic of Iran Higher education is a prerequisite to achieve better living standards. Every year, more than 1 Million of Iranian high school graduates compete in an entrance exam for the Iranian national public universities, which if they are successful, will give them a vital criterion for future job opportunities. According to the Iranian Constitution, “The government must provide all citizens with free education up to secondary school, and must expand free higher education to the extent required by the country for attaining self-sufficiency.”Additional, such provisions are also required due to the Islamic Republic’s commitment to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), the International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) and the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education. However, students face serious barriers while studying at the universities. -
Examining 10 Warning Signs of Iran Nuclear Weapons Development
International Committee In Search of Justice (ISJ) President: Dr. Alejo Vidal-Quadras Rue d’Arlon 63, B-1040 Brussels Belgium Tel : +32 2 400 1071 [email protected] www.isjcommittee.com EXAMINING 10 WARNING SIGNS OF IRAN NUCLEAR WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT NOVEMBER 20,2014 Dr. Alejo Vidal Quadras, Former Vice‐President of European Parliament, Professor of Atomic and Nuclear Physics: “An objective, thoroughly researched report on the core issue of the nature of Iranian nuclear program and its status”. Bob Jospeh, Former US Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security, Senior White House Security Council staff on weapons of mass destruction: “A critically important report at a critically important time”. John Bolton, former US Ambassador to the UN, former Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security: "A timely and well document report with alarming findings on Iran's nuclear program." Contents Executive summary Chapter 1: SPND (organ in charge of weaponization) Chapter 2: Procurement of dual purpose equipment and its possible use for military dimensions of nuclear program Chapter 3: Secret enrichment of uranium Chapter 4: Enrichment using laser technology Chapter 5: High explosives tests and trigger mechanism Chapter 6: Neutron initiator Chapter 7: Manufacturing uranium metal (uranium hemisphere) Chapter 8: Hydro-dynamic tests and explosion vessels at Parchin site Chapter 9: Research on nuclear warhead Chapter 10: Key scientists and researchers engaged in possible military dimensions of nuclear program International Committee In Search of Justice (ISJ) was initially formed in 2008 as an informal group of EU parliamentarians to seek justice for the Iranian democratic opposition. -
Fduimun 2012
FJCC-Iran Cabinet First Update fduimun 2012 fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-iran Cabinet FUTUREfduimun JOINT First Update 2012 CRISIS CABINETS IRAN CABINET SPECIALSYSTEM fduimun BE THE CHANGE. 2012 fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-Iran Cabinet First Update fduimun 2012 WHAT’S INSIDE A. Licensing B. Welcome Letter from the Director C. Welcome Letter from the Cabinet D. Joint Crisis Cabinets: What, why and how E. The Story: Iranian Nuclear Crisis F. Iranian Nuclear Developments G. Diplomatic Concerns H. National Security and Military I. Extended Readings J. Role Application K. Assignments L. Cabinet: Rules and Procedure M. Bibliography fduimun | BE THE CHANGE. FJCC-iran Cabinet fduimun First Update 2012 A Licensing FDUIMUN takes intellectual property protection very seriously. Before you continue read- ing, please review FDUIMUN’s licensing agreement and copyright notice below. I License This conference update, either in PDF or in print, was created for Fudan University In- ternational Model United Nations 2012 and the editorial contents herein remain the intellectual property of FDUIMUN. Delegates and their advisers may reproduce them, in whole or in part, in limited quantities for conference preparation use only but may not mass distribute the materials, electronically or otherwise for any purpose whatsoever. This permission does not apply to any third-party copyrights contained herein. These ma- terials and any copies made of them may not be resold, and the copyright notices must be retained as they appear here. II Disclaimer 1. Certain links are provided in this update that may lead to Web sites maintained by third parties over which we have no control. -
B COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 267/2012 of 23 March 2012 Concerning Restrictive Measures Against Iran and Repealing Regulation (EU) No 961/2010 (OJ L 88, 24.3.2012, P
2012R0267 — EN — 27.06.2015 — 014.001 — 1 This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents ►B COUNCIL REGULATION (EU) No 267/2012 of 23 March 2012 concerning restrictive measures against Iran and repealing Regulation (EU) No 961/2010 (OJ L 88, 24.3.2012, p. 1) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 350/2012 of 23 April 2012 L 110 17 24.4.2012 ►M2 Council Regulation (EU) No 708/2012 of 2 August 2012 L 208 1 3.8.2012 ►M3 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 709/2012 of 2 August 2012 L 208 2 3.8.2012 ►M4 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 945/2012 of 15 L 282 16 16.10.2012 October 2012 ►M5 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1016/2012 of 6 L 307 5 7.11.2012 November 2012 ►M6 Council Regulation (EU) No 1067/2012 of 14 November 2012 L 318 1 15.11.2012 ►M7 Council Regulation (EU) No 1263/2012 of 21 December 2012 L 356 34 22.12.2012 ►M8 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1264/2012 of 21 L 356 55 22.12.2012 December 2012 ►M9 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 522/2013 of 6 June 2013 L 156 3 8.6.2013 ►M10 Council Regulation (EU) No 517/2013 of 13 May 2013 L 158 1 10.6.2013 ►M11 Council Regulation (EU) No 971/2013 of 10 October 2013 L 272 1 12.10.2013 ►M12 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1154/2013 of 15 L 306 3 16.11.2013 November 2013 ►M13 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1203/2013 of 26 L 316 1 27.11.2013 November 2013 ►M14 Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1361/2013 of 17 L 343 7 19.12.2013 -
Bulletin Officiel De La Principauté JOURNAL HEBDOMADAIRE PARAISSANT LE VENDREDI DIRECTION - REDACTION - ADMINISTRATION MINISTERE D’ETAT - Place De La Visitation - B.P
Ce n t Ci n q u a n t e -QUATRIÈME an n é e - n° 8.067 - Le numéro 1,85 E VENDREDI 4 MAI 2012 Bulletin Officiel de la Principauté JOURNAL HEBDOMADAIRE PARAISSANT LE VENDREDI DIRECTION - REDACTION - ADMINISTRATION MINISTERE D’ETAT - Place de la Visitation - B.P. 522 - MC 98015 MONACO CEDEX Téléphone : 98.98.80.00 - Compte Chèque Postal 30 1947 T Marseille - ISSN 1010-8742 ABONNEMENT 1 an (à compter du 1er Janvier) INSERTIONS LÉGALES tarifs toutes taxes comprises : Monaco, France métropolitaine la ligne hors taxe : sans la propriété industrielle ..................................... 70,00 E Greffe Général - Parquet Général, Associations E avec la propriété industrielle ................................... 114,00 (constitutions, modifications, dissolutions) ................. 7,80 E Etranger E E Gérances libres, locations gérances .......................... 8,30 sans la propriété industrielle ..................................... 83,00 E avec la propriété industrielle ................................... 135,00 E Commerces (cessions, etc...) ..................................... 8,70 Etranger par avion Sociétés (Statuts, convocation aux assemblées, E sans la propriété industrielle ................................... 101,00 avis financiers, etc...) ................................................. 9,00 E avec la propriété industrielle ................................... 164,00 E Annexe de la “Propriété Industrielle”, seule ......... 53,00 E SOMMAIRE ARRÊTÉS MINISTÉRIELS ordonnanCES SOUVERAINES Arrêté Ministériel n° 2012-230 du 26 avril 2012 autorisant un pharmacien à exercer son art en qualité de pharmacien assistant (p. 814). Ordonnance Souveraine n° 3.753 du 24 avril 2012 portant nomination d’un Administrateur au Secrétariat du Département de l’Equipement, Arrêté Ministériel n° 2012-231 du 26 avril 2012 autorisant un chirurgien- de l’Environnement et de l’Urbanisme (p. 811). dentiste à exercer son art en qualité d’assistant-opérateur (p. -
Justissektorens Værelser LANDSVERNEPLAN for JUSTISSEKTOREN - HISTORIKK
Justissektorens værelser LANDSVERNEPLAN FOR JUSTISSEKTOREN - HISTORIKK Audun Kjus 3. september 2010 1 Alle bilder i dette manus har avklart brukstillatelse. Forsidebilde: Vik fengsel, trapp i cellefløyen i 1860-delen. © Statsbygg 2 FORFATTERENS FORORD Dette skriveoppdraget har vært utfordrende. Over 200 år med historien til justissektoren, en av statens største virksomheter, skulle inn på et ganske begrenset antall sider. Det som måtte utelates ble nødvendigvis mer enn det som kom med. Tidsplanen var streng. Det har ikke vært tid til å gjøre mange selvstendige undersøkelser. Fremstillingen måtte i all hovedsak bygge på stoff som andre forskere og forfattere har funnet frem og beskrevet. Likevel er det mange spørsmålsstillinger som blir aktuelle i dette prosjektet, men som enda ikke har fått noen grundig utforskning. I dette farvannet har jeg forsøkt å navigere så godt jeg kunne. Jeg har fått hjelp og støtte fra prosjektgruppen: Siri Schrøder Vesterkjær i Statsbygg, Charlotte Peder-Ellefsen i Statsbygg, Grethe Rødskog Fodstad i Justisdepartementet, Ingrid Melgård hos Riksantikvaren og faghistorisk konsulent Jon Skeie. Kapittelet om sivilforsvaret er bygget på et utkast av Terje Bratberg. Det har også vært andre som har bidratt med råd og dåd: Lars Roede ved Oslo Bymuseum, Ragnar Pedersen ved Hedmarksmuseet, Kari Telste ved Norsk Folkemuseum, Odmund Dahle i Politihistorisk Forening, Yngve Hammerlin ved Kriminalomsorgens Utdanningssenter og Leiv Sem ved Falstadsenteret. Disse gode menneskene vil jeg takke, men må nevne at de ikke kan lastes for innholdet i teksten. Audun Kjus, Spydeberg 23.09.2009 3 4 INNHOLD Innledning 7 DEL 1: STATUS I JANUAR 1814 11 En by: Christiania 13 En bygd: Ringsaker 23 DEL 2: 1800-TALLET 29 Eidsvoll verk mai 1814 31 Fengselsreformer 34 Politireformer 47 Domstolsreformer 51 DEL 3: 1900-TALLET 57 Straffelovskommisjonen 59 Sivilprosessen reformeres 66 Politiet blir statlig 67 2. -
B C1 COUNCIL DECISION 2010/413/CFSP of 26 July 2010
2010D0413 — EN — 08.06.2013 — 011.002 — 1 This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents ►B ►C1 COUNCIL DECISION 2010/413/CFSP of 26 July 2010 concerning restrictive measures against Iran and repealing Common Position 2007/140/CFSP ◄ (OJ L 195, 27.7.2010, p. 39) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Council Decision 2010/644/CFSP of 25 October 2010 L 281 81 27.10.2010 ►M2 Council Decision 2011/299/CFSP of 23 May 2011 L 136 65 24.5.2011 ►M3 Council Decision 2011/783/CFSP of 1 December 2011 L 319 71 2.12.2011 ►M4 Council Decision 2012/35/CFSP of 23 January 2012 L 19 22 24.1.2012 ►M5 Council Decision 2012/152/CFSP of 15 March 2012 L 77 18 16.3.2012 ►M6 Council Decision 2012/169/CFSP of 23 March 2012 L 87 90 24.3.2012 ►M7 Council Decision 2012/205/CFSP of 23 April 2012 L 110 35 24.4.2012 ►M8 Council Decision 2012/457/CFSP of 2 August 2012 L 208 18 3.8.2012 ►M9 Council Decision 2012/635/CFSP of 15 October 2012 L 282 58 16.10.2012 ►M10 Council Decision 2012/687/CFSP of 6 November 2012 L 307 82 7.11.2012 ►M11 Council Decision 2012/829/CFSP of 21 December 2012 L 356 71 22.12.2012 ►M12 Council Decision 2013/270/CFSP of 6 June 2013 L 156 10 8.6.2013 Corrected by: ►C1 Corrigendum, OJ L 197, 29.7.2010, p. -
B C1 DECISIONE 2010/413/PESC DEL CONSIGLIO, Del 26 Luglio
02010D0413 — IT — 29.05.2019 — 031.001 — 1 Il presente testo è un semplice strumento di documentazione e non produce alcun effetto giuridico. Le istituzioni dell’Unione non assumono alcuna responsabilità per i suoi contenuti. Le versioni facenti fede degli atti pertinenti, compresi i loro preamboli, sono quelle pubblicate nella Gazzetta ufficiale dell’Unione europea e disponibili in EUR-Lex. Tali testi ufficiali sono direttamente accessibili attraverso i link inseriti nel presente documento ►B ►C1 DECISIONE 2010/413/PESC DEL CONSIGLIO, del 26 luglio 2010, concernente misure restrittive nei confronti dell’Iran e che abroga la posizione comune 2007/140/PESC ◄ (GU L 195 del 27.7.2010, pag. 39) Modificata da: Gazzetta ufficiale n. pag. data ►M1 Decisione 2010/644/PESC del Consiglio del 25 ottobre 2010 L 281 81 27.10.2010 ►M2 Decisione 2011/299/PESC del Consiglio del 23 maggio 2011 L 136 65 24.5.2011 ►M3 Decisione 2011/783/PESC del Consiglio del 1 o dicembre 2011 L 319 71 2.12.2011 ►M4 Decisione 2012/35/PESC del Consiglio del 23 gennaio 2012 L 19 22 24.1.2012 ►M5 Decisione 2012/152/PESC del Consiglio del 15 marzo 2012 L 77 18 16.3.2012 ►M6 Decisione 2012/169/PESC del Consiglio del 23 marzo 2012 L 87 90 24.3.2012 ►M7 Decisione 2012/205/PESC del Consiglio del 23 aprile 2012 L 110 35 24.4.2012 ►M8 Decisione 2012/457/PESC del Consiglio del 2 agosto 2012 L 208 18 3.8.2012 ►M9 Decisione 2012/635/PESC del Consiglio del 15 ottobre 2012 L 282 58 16.10.2012 ►M10 Decisione 2012/687/PESC del Consiglio del 6 novembre 2012 L 307 82 7.11.2012 ►M11 Decisione -
Spotlight on Iran
Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center Spotlight on Iran August 2009—Mordad 1388 Editor: Raz Zimmt The president introduces his ministerial candidates: women named to cabinet for the first time since the Islamic revolution This week President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad has introduced his choices for the new government’s ministers. For the first time since the Islamic revolution, the president is planning to allow women become ministers in his government. The president has nominated Fatemeh Ajorloo for welfare and social affairs minister, Dr. Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi for health minister, and Dr. Sousan Keshavarz for education minister. Ajorloo, 43, a psychologist by trade, is currently a member of the Majles. She formerly served in various positions in the Revolutionary Guards, the students’ Basij, and various Majles committees. Dastjerdi, 50, a physician by trade and former Majles member, formerly served in senior positions in the Health Ministry and was the director of several hospitals. Keshavarz, who holds a doctorate in the philosophy of education, was formerly the deputy minister of education. Left to right: Keshavarz (IBNA News Agency), Dastjerdi, Ajorloo (Mardomak website) There have been no women ministers since the Islamic revolution (1979), although in 1997 President Mohammad Khatami did appoint a woman for vice president for the first time. Ahmadinejad also appointed a woman for vice president in his previous government (there are eight vice presidents serving under the president of Iran). The president intends to retain Foreign