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Dear Prudence: W.F. Lloyd on Population Growth and the Natural Wage
Dear Prudence: W.F. Lloyd on Population Growth and the Natural Wage Michael V. White Economics Department, Monash University [email protected] Presented to the Twenty-Third Conference of the History of Economic Thought Society of Australia, University of Sydney, 7-9 July 2010. [T]hough the interest of the labourer is strictly connected with that of the society, he is incapable either of comprehending that interest, or of understanding its connection with his own. His condition leaves him no time to receive the necessary information, and his education and habits are commonly such as to render him unfit to judge even though he was fully informed. In the publick deliberations, therefore, his voice is little heard and less regarded… Adam Smith [(1776) 1976a, I, xi, p.266] The Reverend William Forster Lloyd, Student of Christ Church and former lecturer in mathematics, was elected as the third Drummond professor of political economy at Oxford University in February 1832. Following the requirements of the university statute which established the chair, Lloyd published the first of his lectures, titled “Two lectures on the checks to population”, in the next year [Lloyd 1833]. Having read that pamphlet, the radical Francis Place wrote to Lloyd because they were both “fellow labourers for the benefit of the people”. Place had concluded that Lloyd followed Thomas Robert Malthus and Thomas Chalmers in recommending “late marriages[,] the parties in the meantime living chastely”, as the cure for excessive population growth and hence the condition of “the working people”. Citing a lecture by the surgeon Dr. -
1. the Damnation of Economics
Notes 1. The Damnation of Economics 1. One example of vice-regal patronage of anti-economics is Canada’s ‘Governor General’s Award for Non-Fiction’. In 1995 this honour was bestowed upon John Raulston Saul’s anti-economic polemic The Unconscious Civilization (published in 1996). A taste of Saul’s wisdom: ‘Over the last quarter-century economics has raised itself to the level of a scientific profession and more or less foisted a Nobel Prize in its own honour onto the Nobel committee thanks to annual financing from a bank. Yet over the same 25 years, economics has been spectacularly unsuc- cessful in its attempts to apply its models and theories to the reality of our civili- sation’ (Saul 1996, p. 4). See Pusey (1991) and Cox (1995) for examples of patronage of anti-economics by Research Councils and Broadcasting Corporations. 2. Another example of economists’ ‘stillness’: the economists of 1860 did not join the numerous editorial rebukes of Ruskin’s anti-economics tracts (Anthony, 1983). 3. The anti-economist is not to be contrasted with the economist. An economist (that is, a person with a specialist knowledge of economics) may be an anti- economist. The true obverse of anti-economist is ‘philo-economist’: someone who holds that economics is a boon. 4. One may think of economics as a disease (as the anti-economist does), or one may think of economics as diseased. Mark Blaug: ‘Modern economics is “sick” . To para- phrase the title of a popular British musical: “No Reality, Please. We’re Economists”’ (Blaug 1998, p. -
Letters on the Sinking Fund from David Ricardo to Francis Place Author(S): David Ricardo Source: the Economic Journal, Vol
Letters on the Sinking Fund from David Ricardo to Francis Place Author(s): David Ricardo Source: The Economic Journal, Vol. 3, No. 10 (Jun., 1893), pp. 289-293 Published by: Wiley on behalf of the Royal Economic Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2955672 Accessed: 27-06-2016 09:56 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Royal Economic Society, Wiley are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Economic Journal This content downloaded from 198.91.37.2 on Mon, 27 Jun 2016 09:56:17 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms NOTES AND MEMORANDA LETTERS ON THE SINKING FUND FROM DAVID RICARDO TO FRANCIS PLACE. [These letters are bound up in a volume of the Place MSS. in the British Museum (Add. MSS. 27836 ff. 113-118). The Editor's attention was directed to them by Mr. Graham Wallas, who is engaged on a memoir of Francis Place. The fund referred to is the second sinking fund, established in 1786 by Pitt after the abolition of the first (1716-1786). Much interest had been excited by an attack on the principles of this fund, in An Inquiry into the Rise, Progress, etc., of the National Debt, by Dr. -
Information Technology, Organizational Form, and Transition to the Market
Upjohn Institute Working Papers Upjohn Research home page 6-1-2004 Information Technology, Organizational Form, and Transition to the Market John S. Earle W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research Ugo Pagano University of Siena Maria Lesi Budapest University of Economic Sciences Upjohn Institute Working Paper No. 02-82 **Published Version** In Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 60(4): 471-489 (2006). Follow this and additional works at: https://research.upjohn.org/up_workingpapers Part of the Eastern European Studies Commons Citation Earle, John S., Ugo Pagano, and Maria Lesi. 2002. "Information Technology, Organizational Form, and Transition to the Market." Upjohn Institute Working Paper No. 02-82. Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. https://doi.org/10.17848/wp02-82 This title is brought to you by the Upjohn Institute. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Information Technology, Organizational Form, and Transition to the Market Upjohn Institute Staff Working Paper 02-82 John S. Earle* Upjohn Institute for Employment Research Central European University Ugo Pagano University of Siena Central European University and Maria Lesi Budapest University of Economic Sciences Central European University Revised: June 2004 Abstract The paper reviews theories of information technology adoption and organizational form and applies them to an empirical analysis of firm choices and characteristics in four transition economies: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, and Slovakia. We argue that these economies have gone through two major structural changes – one concerning technology and another concerning ownership and boundaries of firms – and we consider if and how each of the two structural changes has affected the other. -
The British Radical Literary Tradition As the Seminal Force in the Development of Adult Education, Its Australian Context, and the Life and Work of Eric Lambert
Writing Revolution: The British Radical Literary Tradition as the Seminal Force in the Development of Adult Education, its Australian Context, and the Life and Work of Eric Lambert Author Merlyn, Teri Published 2004 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School School of Vocational, Technology and Arts Education DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/3245 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367384 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Writing Revolution: The British Radical Literary tradition as the Seminal Force in the Development of Adult Education, its Australian Context, and the Life and Work of Eric Lambert By Teri Merlyn BA, Grad.Dip.Cont.Ed. Volume One School of Vocational, Technology and Arts Education Griffith University Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Date:……………………………………………………………………… Abstract This thesis tells the story of an historical tradition of radical literacy and literature that is defined as the British radical literary tradition. It takes the meaning of literature at its broadest understanding and identifies the literary and educational relations of what E P Thompson terms ‘the making of the English working class’ through its struggle for literacy and freedom. The study traces the developing dialectic of literary radicalism and the emergent hegemony of capitalism through the dissemination of radical ideas in literature and a groundswell of public literacy. The proposed radical tradition is defined by the oppositional stance of its participants, from the radical intellectual’s critical texts to the striving for literacy and access to literature by working class people. -
1 Ugo Pagano. Organizational Equilibria and Production
1 UGO PAGANO. ORGANIZATIONAL EQUILIBRIA AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY1. New Institutional Theory has pointed out mechanisms by which technology can influence property rights and organizational forms. We argue that the argument can be integrated and enriched by using also the opposite argument: property rights and technology can also influence technology. We develop an "organizational equilibria" framework and we show that when New Institutional Theory is developed in this direction, a multiplicity of "organizational equilibria" can arise and production efficiency may no longer be achieved. The paper introduces the argument by pointing out some similarities between Marx's theory of history and modern transaction cost theories, which imply a common substantial departure form the standard methodology of traditional neoclassical neoclassical theory. 1 This paper has been written for the conference on Production Organization, Dynamic efficiency and Social Norms to be held in Rome on April 4-6 1991. I thank the discussant of this paper Stefano Zamagni for his useful comments. 2 Introduction. A simple definition of an organization of production can be based on two factors. The first is its technology and, in particular, the technological characteristics of the resources used in production. The second is the set of rights (which may be legal rights and/or customary rights supported by social norms) on the resources employed in the organization and on the organization itself. The relationship between these two factors has traditionally been a controversial issue in social sciences: if causation exists, it can go both ways. On the one hand property rights can be seen as factors shaping the nature and the characteristics of the resources used in production. -
Privatisation and Supply Chain Management: on the Effective Alignment of Purchasing and Supply After Privatisation/Andrew Cox, Lisa Harris, and David Parker
Privatisation and Supply Chain Management Privatisation and Supply Chain Management brings together two of the most important issues in current management thinking: the impact of privatisation on the performance and behaviour of the companies involved, and the increasingly important role of purchasing and supplier relationships. The notion that efficiency is improved with privatisation is critically examined, as is the idea that privatised organisations have recognised the importance of the procurement role and developed both their procurement functions and supplier relationships so as to enhance competitiveness. Grounded in economic theory, and providing rich case study material, this volume makes a major contribution to an increasingly important area. It will be of interest to students and researchers in economics, business and management studies and specialist courses in procurement management. Andrew Cox is Professor of Strategic Procurement Management and Director of the Centre for Strategic Procurement Management at Birmingham Business School, University of Birmingham, UK. Lisa Harris works in supply management for the BMW/Rover Group. David Parker is Professor of Business Economics and Strategy and Head of the Strategic Management Group at the Aston Business School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK. Routledge studies in business organizations and networks 1 Democracy and Efficiency in the Economic Enterprise Edited by Ugo Pagano and Robert Rowthorn 2 Towards a Competence Theory of the Firm Edited by Nicolai J.Foss and Christian -
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Skrifter Utgivna Av Statsvetenskapliga Föreningen I Uppsala 196
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Skrifter utgivna av Statsvetenskapliga föreningen i Uppsala 196 Svante Nycander The History of Western Liberalism Front cover portraits: Thomas Jefferson, Baruch de Spinoza, Adam Smith, Alexis de Tocqueville, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Joseph Schumpeter, Woodrow Wilson, Niccoló Machiavelli, Karl Staaff, John Stuart Mill, François-Marie Arouet dit Voltaire, Mary Wollstonecraft, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, Ludwig Joseph Brentano, John Dewey, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu, Ayn Rand © Svante Nycander 2016 English translation: Peter Mayers Published in Swedish as Liberalismens idéhistoria. Frihet och modernitet © Svante Nycander and SNS Förlag 2009 Second edition 2013 © Svante Nycander and Studentlitteratur ISSN 0346-7538 ISBN 978-91-554-9569-5 Printed in Sweden by TMG Tabergs AB, 2016 Contents Preface ....................................................................................................... 11 1. Concepts of Freedom before the French Revolution .............. 13 Rights and Liberties under Feudalism and Absolutism ......................... 14 New Ways of Thinking in the Renaissance ........................................... 16 Calvinism and Civil Society .................................................................. 18 Reason as a Gift from God .................................................................... 21 The First Philosopher to Be Both Liberal and Democratic ................... 23 Political Models during the Enlightenment .......................................... -
Interlocking Complementarities and Institutional Change
Journal of Institutional Economics (2011), 7: 3, 373–392 C The JOIE Foundation 2010 doi:10.1017/S1744137410000433 First published online 21 December 2010 Interlocking complementarities and institutional change UGO PAGANO∗ University of Siena, Siena, Italy and Central European University, Budapest, Hungary Abstract: In biology, the laws that regulate the structuring and change of complex organisms, characterised by interlocking complementarities, are different from those that shape the evolution of simple organisms. Only the latter share mechanisms of competitive selection of the fittest analogous to those envisaged by the standard neoclassical model in economics. The biological counterparts of protectionism, subsidies and conflicts enable complex organisms to exit from long periods of stasis and to increase their capacity to adapt efficiently to the environment. Because of their interlocking complementarities, most institutions share the laws governing the structure and change of complex organisms. We concentrate on the complementarities between technology and property rights and consider historical cases in which organisational stasis has been overcome by mechanisms different from (and sometimes acting in spite of) competitive pressure. The evolution of institutions cannot be taken for granted; but even when institutions seem frozen forever by their interlocking complementarities, their potential for change can be discovered by analysis of those interactions. 1. Introduction Exchanges of analogies between economics and evolutionary biology -
Thesis-Thiago-Oliveira-Finale Compressed.Pdf
ESSAYS ON THE MATHEMATIZATION OF ECONOMICS Thiago Dumont Oliveira Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics Supervisor: Carlo Zappia Examination Board: Nicola Giocoli Harro Maas Ivan Moscati Universities of Florence, Pisa, and Siena Joint PhD Program in Economics Program Coordinator: Ugo Pagano Cycle XXXII — Academic Year: 2019-2020 ii iii iv Acknowledgements I should start by thanking my parents Angela and José Carlos, and my sisters Carla and Florença for their unconditional love and support. Without my parents’ help this thesis would never have materialized, so I thank them with all my heart for everything they have done for me. They have always believed in me, even when I did not, and I dedicate this thesis to them for without them neither my M.A. nor my PhD would have been possible in the first place. Next I would like to thank Carlos Eduardo Suprinyak who has been a friend and mentor throughout the past five years. I have learned a great deal from him about the process of writing academic papers when he was my supervisor at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. During my PhD I was fortunate to keep working with him on a couple of projects and that increased even more my admiration for him and also gave me the opportunity to develop further as a researcher. I also owe much to Rebeca Gomez Betancourt and Pedro Garcia Duarte who were part of the examination board at the end of my masters and gave me invaluable suggestions. -
Vol. 3, No. 4, January, 1904
Number 4 Volume 3 "THE TRIUMPH OF LABOR" By Antoine Wiertz THE COMRADE Beethoven By Carrie Rand Herron ONN, a town on the Rhine a few miles above training was severe and exacting in the extreme. He had Cologne, was the seat of an electorate and but little education aside from music. He learned to read, numbered some 10,000 inhabitants, which write and reckon," but before he was thirteen his father de were chiefly people of the court, and the cided his cholastic education was finished. His lack of edu priests. It was here, December 16th, 1770, cation was a sore trial and mortification to him all his life, that Ludwig van Beethoven was born. He though from a boy he was a great reader. was the oldest son of Johann and Maria He was a sombre, melancholy person and seldom joined Magdalena Beethoven. The father, who in the sports of his age. sang tenor and received an appointment as court singer, in At the age of eleven, he is said to have played the piano herited from his mother a desire for liquor, which doubtless forte with "energetic skill." At about this time, he wrote caused Ludwig muchvtrouble and anxiety during his early nine variations on a given theme, which his teacher had en life. His mother was the daughter of a head cook. The graved to encourage him. Neefe, with whom he was study "van" in the name is not a title of nobility, as is usually sup ing, and to whom Beethoven, after many years, acknowledg posed ; and Beethoven once said, pointing to his head and ed his many obligations, said that if he should keep on as he heart, "my nobility is here and here." had begun that he would surely become a second Mozart. -
An Unpublished Letter from James Mill to Jean-Baptiste Say Victor Bianchini, Nicolas Rieucau
An Unpublished Letter from James Mill to Jean-Baptiste Say Victor Bianchini, Nicolas Rieucau To cite this version: Victor Bianchini, Nicolas Rieucau. An Unpublished Letter from James Mill to Jean-Baptiste Say. History of Political Economy, Duke University Press, 2014, 46 (2), pp.333 - 338. 10.1215/00182702- 2647531. hal-01615078 HAL Id: hal-01615078 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01615078 Submitted on 11 Oct 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. An Unpublished Letter from James Mill to Jean-Baptiste Say Victor Bianchini & Nicolas Rieucau Forty years ago, on the occasion of the publication of two unpublished letters from J. Mill to J.-B. Say, A. Heertje underlined that “although Say was a friend and correspondent of James Mill, letters from Mill to Say seldom turn up”1. Dated the 25th of February 1817 and the 28th of May 1825, the letters published by A. Heertje were purchased from a Parisian bookshop and, outside the private collections of autographs, to our knowledge, no correspondence between J. Mill and J.-B. Say had been hitherto reported. Thanks to the development of electronic catalogues, it is now possible to find other traces of the epistolary relationship between J.