Bible Studies 17 Fa Th™ ��

>> This is the October 2015 issue containing the November Bible Study Lessons

32 Funerals, burials taking new forms

baptiststoday.org

Creative CHAOS Preacher, folk artist 4 Howard Finster left a large legacy

Williamsburg teaches lessons for today 43

BIBLE STUDIES 17 FA TH™

John D. Pierce Executive Editor [email protected] Julie Steele Chief Operations Officer [email protected] Jackie B. Riley Managing Editor [email protected] Tony W. Cartledge Contributing Editor [email protected] Bruce T. Gourley Online Editor/Contributing Writer [email protected] David Cassady Church Resources Editor [email protected] Vickie Frayne Art Director What is Nurturing Faith? 14 Jannie Lister Customer Service Manager [email protected] and why do you ask for financial support? 40 Lex Horton Nurturing Faith Resources Manager [email protected] Walker Knight, Publisher Emeritus PERSPECTIVES Jack U. Harwell, Editor Emeritus ‘It’s what we do’ 9 Gifts to Baptists Today DIRECTORS EMERITI By John Pierce Thomas E. Boland IN MEMORY OF R. Kirby Godsey Don’t expect millennials to carry on Guy Rutland III CHARLES L. TYER Mary Etta Sanders parents’ tradition 30 Mel Williams By Bob Ballance From Ida Jean Tyer Winnie V. Williams Conservative Christians’ new scare word 38 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Donald L. Brewer, Gainesville, Ga. (chairman) By Jonathan Merritt Cathy Turner, Clemson, S.C. (vice chair) Nannette Avery, Signal Mountain, Tenn. How to win gay rights with patience and grace Kelly L. Belcher, Asheville, N.C. By Tom Krattenmaker 39 Edwin Boland, Johns Creek, Ga. Ronnie Brewer, Bristol, Va. Janie Brown, Elon, N.C. Straightening Randall Lolley 42 Bob Cates, Rome, Ga. By Alan Sherouse Jack Causey, Statesville, N.C. Anthony D. Clevenger, Pensacola, Fla. Kenny Crump, Ruston, La. Doug Dortch, Birmingham, Ala. IN THE NEWS FEATURE Jack Glasgow, Zebulon, N.C. Wayne Glasgow, Macon, Ga. Some larger black churches are avoiding decline 12 RELIGION AND THE AMERICAN Frank Granger, Athens, Ga. PRESIDENTS: JAMES MONROE Cynthia Holmes, St. Louis, Mo. Israel’s young militant settlers latest front David Hull, Watkinsville, Ga. (1817-1825) 10 Bill Ireland, Dalton, Ga. in struggle against terrorism 13 By Bruce Gourley Becky Matheny, Athens, Ga. Tommy McDearis, Blacksburg, Va. Andrew McGill, Chattanooga, Tenn. FEATURE Cynthia Wise Mitchell, Birmingham, Ala. Quotation Remarks 8 William T. Neal, Stone Mountain, Ga. MISSION TOURISM: Roger Paynter, Austin, Texas Critics say popular approach to short-term trips Editorial 9 Kathy B. Richardson, Rome, Ga. doesn’t meet needs Charlotte Cook Smith, Winston-Salem, N.C. 36 Classifieds 28 Sarah Timmerman, Cairo, Ga. By Aaron Weaver David Turner, Richmond, Va. Lighter Side 29 Clem White, St. Petersburg, Fla. Donna Wood, Macon, Ga. COVER PHOTO BY JOHN PIERCE. What others casted CAMPAIGN CO-CHAIRS Drayton and Mary Etta Sanders art that is scattered about Paradise Garden in Summerville, An autonomous, national READERS SERVICES

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Creative CHAOS Preacher, folk artist Howard Finster left a large legacy

UMMERVILLE, Ga. — Howard SWAMP TO GARDEN Finster was a Baptist preacher with a S sixth-grade education and a folk artist A non-profit organization has brought Paradise whose fame took him to New York galleries Garden to life again. Jordan Poole, executive (A section of one walkway is now on perma- and put him on the front page of The Wall director of the Paradise Garden Foundation, nent display at Atlanta’s High Museum of Art.) Street Journal. Whether in a revival tent, on welcomes visitors to the same front porch late night television with Johnny Carson, or where Finster greeted famed artists and musi- painting out of divine inspiration, he was fully cians as well as anyone one else curious about PRESERVATION expressive. his art. Finster’s life and work are well recorded, said Finster, who died in 2001, could turn any- “We get people from all around the world Poole: “He did so many [photo] collages and thing into art — resulting in more than 46,000 who come here,” Poole said of the “adaptive told his own story.” And hardly a thought (or pieces. Everything from hubcaps to bicycle rehabilitation” of the buildings and grounds. “vision”) went unexpressed. parts to vending machines to the Cadillac he A second phase will tackle Finster’s towering, There is nowhere at Paradise Garden to drove around Summerville (a gift from artist odd-designed World’s Folk Art Church that look without seeing some artistic expression by Victor Faccinto of Wake Forest University) was Poole hopes to make into conference space. Finster or those influenced by his works. Nor is subject to the colorful messages he claimed as The swampy land that Finster moved there a view without hand-painted renderings visions from God. onto in the 1960s was drained through a series by the Baptist preacher of Bible verses. Rock band R.E.M. put his work on an of canals that now allow water to flow freely. Visitors seeking a resting space for reflec- album cover and filmed their music video Walkways were not only practical but yet tion can stop in Finster’s open-air meditation Radio Free Europe in the artist’s sprawling, art- another canvas for Finster who embedded mar- chapel that he purchased with a grant from the filled Paradise Garden in Northwest Georgia. bles, broken glass and other discarded items National Endowment for the Arts. He was both eccentric and eclectic. into the concrete to create a mosaic look. Poole said that Finster was “nomadic”

4 | Feature October 2015 - and moved about the acreage to work rather than settle into one studio. And the foundation wants to preserve all of those spaces as much as possible. “We want to maintain everything that has the artist’s hand on it,” he said. Finster’s family, grateful for the preservation work, is “very much involved” in the effort, said Poole. “They are glad somebody is up to doing this.”

ODDITIES Jordan Poole, executive director of the Paradise Garden Foundation, welcomes visitors to Born in 1916 as the youngest of 13 children, the same front door where Howard Finster greeted famous musicians and artists along Finster, an Alabama native who called himself

October 2015 Feature | 5 Howard Finster recorded much of his own history through said Jordan Poole, was well as a favored art considered a waiting and willing canvas for Finster to share a mes-

“a man of visions,” was not afraid to stray from the mainstream of society. Through his art he shared prophetic warnings and even glimpses into the celestial world that he considered to be divine revelations. Finster claimed to see spacecraft as well as angels, stars and mountains when he sat to paint. Locally, “Preacher Finster” was perceived as both an insider and someone a bit different, said Poole. “He baptized or preached to most everyone in the county…,” said Poole. “But he was a topic of conversation!” Few artists fit into societal norms. So Finster’s eccentricities were considered part of his personality, mission and genius. “The people who loved to come to the garden most were the children, and the teen- agers wanting to have their bicycles fixed,” said Kathy Berry, administrator for the Paradise Garden Foundation. “If they didn’t have the money, Howard would put them to work.” Finster’s work as a preacher, repairman and artist often seemed inseparable. However, after a vision in 1976 (in which he saw a human face in a smudge on his finger while painting a bicycle), he set his tools in concrete as an expression of art and a clear commitment to producing “sacred art” in abundance. one of several Howard Finster Wasting little time, this “second Noah” churned out one piece after another — from renderings of George Washington, Elvis and Coke bottles to obscure fantasies, and lots and lots of scripture.

6 | Feature October 2015

ATTENTION was as comfortable on a Hollywood set before By giving the body to Howard, said Berry, a live audience and millions of viewers as in everyone knew it would be “cared for and An elevated exhibition gallery is filled with a hot summertime tent in the rural South watched over.” many pieces of art gifted to Finster by those preaching sin and salvation. Towers of hubcaps, rusted bicycle parts inspired by his works. Interspersed along the With banjo in hand he roamed the stage and other junk rise throughout the unique simple walls — lighted by occasional overhead to Carson’s wide-eyed wonder and sidekick Ed garden of art. bulbs and Gothic-style window openings — McMahon’s signature laughter as Finster belted A metal, scaled-down church replica was are more biblical messages. out the words to “Just a Little Tack in the made for children — as a place for them to “He was well known for inspiring other Shingle of Your Roof.” write and mail letters to God. artists,” said Berry. Among those drawn to “He’d never had a guy like me on TV,” Finster’s wife, Pauline, who died in 2013 Finster were artists Keith Haring and Purvis said Finster, in the documentary, of his and with whom he had five children, once said Young. memorable show-biz appearance, adding that of her husband: “He never ran out of words; In a documentary video that plays in the Carson’s “congregation just had a fit.” he always had a message if he had a chance to visitors’ center, Finster said of his art: “I just preach.” started doing it and the people loved it.” TREASURES And preach he did — whether behind a Finster’s works caught the attention of pulpit or with paint on his hands. Not surpris- Apparently, Finster threw away nothing. In the art world where he was heralded as a visual ing, visitors sit in church pews to view the fact, he gathered other people’s castoffs as well. and environmental artist. His early exposure as documentary at Paradise Garden — and to an artist was shepherded by the University of He was even known to visit the local dump hear Finster proclaim: “When faith moves in, Georgia art school. in search of whatever might add to his artistic worry moves out!” The popularity of his art grew to include ways. Of his own death, he assured that he was an album cover for Talking Heads that Rolling “If you didn’t know what to do with “dying to come alive again.” One can only Stone deemed Record Album Cover of the Year, something you’d give it to Howard,” said Berry imagine that Howard Finster is as colorful and and a showing at the Phyllis Kind Gallery in with a smile. comfortable in the afterlife as he was anywhere New York City. He was labeled “the grand- Oddly, that included the unidentified on this earth. BT father of Southern folk art” and “the Andy remains of a teenaged girl found during a Warhol of the South.” construction project in nearby Trion, Ga., a —Information on Paradise Gardens, which His 1983 appearance on The Tonight century after her death. Finster built a gypsum welcomes individuals and groups, may be found Show with Johnny Carson revealed a man who tomb and provided a place of rest. at paradisegardenfoundation.org.

October 2015 Feature | 7 quotation - they remain invisible, even in our churches…The biblical writers re- remarks our giving is determined more by they were so confident in their leaders [are] struggling to have their ability to talk about this area of clients’ lives, being able to —President Molly T. Marshall of voices heard against the overwhelming integrate the clients’ beliefs into Central Baptist Theological Seminary in extremist and bigoted content currently Shawnee, Kan. (EthicsDaily.com) —An email from YouTube to American Muslim —Baylor University professor Aman Ali, offering to fly the digital products Holly Oxhandler, co-author of a study of specialist and comedian from New York to Los 442 social workers that showed more than Angeles to record a video as part of the company’s 60 percent expressed confidence in incorpo- effort to drown out extremism with “reasonable, rating clients’ beliefs into treatment (RNS) better messages” (HuffPost)

—President Jimmy Carter, during an Aug. 20 press conference about his cancer diagnosis, referring to the eradication of Guinea worm disease that, thanks —Comedian Tom Papa on to Carter Center efforts, has fallen from 3.6 million the popularity of Facebook cases to 11 cases “and we know where all of them are” —Scott McConnell, vice president of LifeWay (Atlanta Journal-Constitution) Research, on survey results showing that 43 percent day Saints will go forward as a charter- of Protestants think it’s sinful for couples to split over a lack of love (RNS) which is favorable to Catholics in that —A news release from the LDS governing First Presidency of Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, —Author and minister G. Jeffrey MacDonald relieving some fears that the largest sponsor —Ciro Benedettini, deputy director of the Vatican (New York Times) of Boy Scouts troops would form its own press ofﬁce, on support for naming a hilltop square organization following BSA’s decision to allow in Rome after church reformer Martin Luther who gay leaders (Salt Lake Tribune) was excommunicated by the pope a half-century ago (RNS) new museum in the world, we knew the museum would be even better if we that forgiveness is the same thing as joined forces with some of the greatest reconciliation… To forgive does not mean that you return to the same —Cary L. Summers, president of the under- —From a video posted and then removed by First construction Museum of the Bible in Washington, Baptist Church of Villa Rica, Ga., west of Atlanta, D.C., announcing a partnership with the that caused a religious liberty-related investigation —Blogger Laura Turner for Religion News Service Israel Antiquities Authority (RNS) (USA Today)

8 Editorial By John Pierce ‘It’s what we do’

n writing the story that begins on page 32, having a prayer is going to make me feel better.” practically — including the long-standing tradi- about changes in funerals and burials, I Later, after the moving memorial service, tion of expressing sympathy through food when I recalled some of my personal experiences he said, “But it did.” words are harder to produce. from a year ago when two of my three broth- It also mattered that the church and com- Several years ago I made a commitment to ers died within a two-month span. While their munity surrounded him in his pain and sorrow. express sympathy in person and attend memo- services and ﬁnal dispositions were different, the It mattered to me as well, as it has to most if not rial services for those whose lives have impacted gatherings of family and friends were similar. all of us. mine whenever possible. It would be a priority We grew up in a tight-knit community in The church, for all though not always achieved. Northwest Georgia that touches the Tennessee its faults — and the Lord Words are never fully adequate at a time of state line at Chattanooga. Greeting these friends knows there are so many deep loss. But they matter. and relatives (lots of cousins) was comforting at — is where we turn in And presence, more than anything else, a time of shock and grief. such times. reminds those who grieve that the rocky road is To each person individually, I would say, Many individuals not traveled alone. “Thanks for coming.” and organizations are As indicated in the article, trends and tradi- One lifelong friend, Reece, responded: “It’s helpful and supportive. tions change. Funerals and burials take on new what we do.” His comment struck a chord with Yet after the deaths of my forms due to societal shifts. me that I continue to ponder. brothers, I turned ﬁrst to the congregation that Unchanged, however, is the human need Baptists Today/Nurturing Faith Board gathers for worship, fellowship and service in for comfort and company in times of loss. We Chairman Don Brewer, after the death of his the red brick, white steeple church where we need to be there — wherever there may be — wife a few years ago, was asked about the service had been nourished in faith. for one another. that would follow. His initial response, he said, They opened their doors, hearts and arms Reece is right. “It’s what we do.” Or what was “Don’t think reading some Bible verses and widely to us. We were cared for deeply and we should do in times of grief. BT

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EDITOR’S NOTE: This is the ﬁfth in a series of articles by historian Bruce Gourley on the religious faith of U.S. presidents. Gourley is online editor and contributing writer for Baptists Today and executive director of the Baptist History & Heritage Society. His latest book, Baptists and the American Civil War: Crucible of Faith and Freedom, a compilation of articles from the recent series on Baptists and the American Civil War, is now available from Nurturing Faith.

Religion and the American Presidents James Monroe (1817-1825)

videncing the national political domi- battle in their home state: the fervent struggle the Anglican/Episcopalian Church, wholly nance of the South at large and planters between establishment Christians and ascendant embraced the reason and rationalism of which Ein particular, career politician James dissenters over the matter of religion. he had imbued while at William and Mary. Monroe won the 1816 presidential election. The former, allied with Patrick Henry, Meanwhile, enthusiastic and widespread The fifth American president, Monroe became insisted on maintaining some form of a state support from Baptists ensured the 1786 the fourth Virginian to take up residency in the Christian religion. Dissenters demanded enactment of Jefferson’s Virginia Statute for White House. church-state separation. Others wavered in the Religious Freedom, separating church from state Monroe, born in 1758, was baptized as an middle, gauging which way the political winds in Virginia. With momentum on their side, infant in the state church, the Anglican Church. might blow. Baptists then sought federal legislation. And like all four former occupants of the White “The Episcopal clergy are generally for it,” Three years later amid growing public dis- House, Monroe soon rejected state-enforced Madison wrote to Monroe of a bill authored course of a potential religious liberty amendment religion and Christian orthodoxy. His disparate by Henry to tax Virginians for the support of to the U.S. Constitution, Madison and Monroe youthful religion and secular adulthood also Christian ministers. “The Presbyterians seem as squared off for a seat in the first U.S. Congress. shared a local common focal point: his home ready to set up an establishment which would Baptists remained uncertain of Monroe due to county of Westmoreland. take them in as they were to pull one down his endorsement by Henry. A son of privilege, James Monroe’s bap- which shut them out. The Baptists, however, Near the end of an intense campaign sea- tism in the Washington Parish preceded his standing firm by their avowed principle of son, Virginia’s Baptists ultimately threw their education in an academy operated by Rector the complete separation of church and state, weight behind Madison, perceiving him to be Archibald Campbell of the Washington Parish. declared it to be ‘repugnant to the spirit of the the more publicly committed of the two in Enrollment at William and Mary, an Anglican Gospel for the Legislature thus to proceed in securing a religious liberty amendment. Heavy school of higher education, came next. There he matters of religion, that no human laws ought Baptist turnout at the voting booth provided attended morning and evening chapel services to be established for the purpose.’” Madison with a slim margin of victory. and Sunday worship in a nearby parish, but was Whether or not Monroe was previously Nonetheless, Monroe supported church- also exposed to deistic views. acquainted with the lowly Baptists of Virginia state separation. In a paper apparently drafted Less than two years after enrolling, how- during his upbringing, he now heard much as a victory speech should he have defeated ever, Monroe in 1776 dropped out of college to of their outspoken protests. In June 1785 Madison, Monroe listed “liberty of conscience fight in the Revolutionary War. Serving under Madison, with the wholehearted support of in matters of religious faith” among “the most Gen. George Washington, in December he was the Baptists of Virginia, of which the famous important objects” in a proposed constitutional wounded in the Battle of Trenton. Sent home, evangelist John Leland was second to none, declaration of rights. Church-state separation he recovered and in 1779 began studying law, introduced to the legislature his “Memorial and would help render “impossible that government including with Thomas Jefferson. Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments.” should ever degenerate into tyranny.” Prior to his military service, Monroe’s Two months later the Baptist General In 1791 the First Amendment enshrined educational pursuits dictated religious activi- Committee of Virginia called upon Baptists religious liberty for all and church-state separa- ties. Upon entering law studies, religion took a throughout the state to join Madison in petition. Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Baptists and decided backseat to political ambition. tioning against Henry’s bill. By the thousands other religious dissenters were victorious. Jefferson’s influence played a role in Baptists responded, including from Monroe’s Following terms of service as a U.S. sena- Monroe’s election to the Continental Congress Westmoreland County, where in November a tor, U.S. minister to France and Great Britain, (now often referred to as the Congress of the singular Baptist-authored petition demanding governor of Virginia (twice), U.S. secretary of Confederation) in Philadelphia in November church-state separation garnered thousands of state and secretary of war, in 1816 Monroe eas- 1783. Within months Jefferson introduced signatures. A young and ambitious Monroe ily won the presidency. Four years later voters his up-and-coming former student to James could not have helped but take note of the furor returned him to office. Madison, then serving in the Virginia Assembly. on his home turf. James Monroe’s political career spanned The two became friends and sometimes Perhaps it was about this time that more than four decades, including eight allies. In this context Madison in 1785 brought Monroe, while formally retaining his asso- presidential years. As president, he consolidated to Monroe’s attention an important political ciation with (but refusing Confirmation in) America’s land holdings, acquiring Florida from

10 | Feature October 2015 the Spanish and securing America’s northern border. Near the end of his presidency he issued what became known as the Monroe Doctrine, a foreign affairs policy opposing further European intervention in the Americas. In return he pledged that the United States would not interfere with European colonies or intervene with internal European affairs. A last- ing legacy, the Monroe Doctrine remained in effect for more than a century. While securing domination of the American continent, Monroe as president remained silent regarding religious sentiments, as he did for the entirety of his political career. Infrequently he attended church. In neither public nor private life did he voice any indica- tion of a personal religious faith. The scuttled 1789 congressional victory speech, a strong affirmation of church-state separation, was perhaps his most religious commentary. The death of his young son at 16 months led him to write many letters, none mentioning religion. Likewise, the death of his wife evoked no religious response. As president, however, Monroe sometimes followed his predecessors in sprinkling deistic phraseology in formal speeches (including his two inaugural addresses) in discussing civic virtue, or what one might term inclusive civic religion. He also briefly affirmed church-state separation in his first inaugural speech. Monroe left the presidency as the last of the Founding Fathers to occupy the White House. His terms led to the dissolution of the Federalists, the party of George Washington. James Monroe died in 1831, leaving no deathbed statement. Eulogies spoke of his patriotism and statesmanship, but said nothing of religious faith. Christian apologists upon George Washington’s death crafted mythological literature in an attempt to Christianize the first president. Although Monroe’s death occurred at the height of a vocal Christian nationalist movement determined to legislate Christianity as the nation’s official faith, no one bothered to revise Monroe with a religious makeover. Many Baptists, chief among dissenters in the colonial and revolutionary eras, perhaps also appreciated Monroe’s career-long silence regarding religion. During his presidency and the decades following, scores of Baptist parents named their sons “James Monroe.” The religious legacy of James Monroe may thus best be thought of as a conspicu- ous silence that provided a flourishing space for America’s founding principles of freedom of conscience, religious liberty for all and church state separation. BT

October 2015 Feature | 11 Religion News Service Larger black churches avoiding decline

LEXANDRIA, Va. — At Alfred Street Baptist Church, the pews start to fill Amore than half an hour before the service begins. White-uniformed ushers guide African Americans of all ages to their seats. Some stand and wave their hands in the air as the large, robed choir begins to sing. In September, the church started its fourth weekend service. Church leaders are now asking people to limit their attendance to one service. “Pick your service,” said Edward Y. Jackson, an assistant to the pastor, at the start of a recent service. “Come in, come early, get your parking space so we can all enjoy and worship God together.” A recent Pew Research Center survey found that Christians are losing their share of the U.S. population, dropping to 71 percent in 2014, down from 78 percent in 2007, with young people leading the exodus. But historically black denominations have bucked that trend, holding successful in holding onto younger members, societal issues such as police brutality as well on to a steady percent of members during that but in some places, mostly black megachurches as efforts to be relevant to millennials — from same period. are gaining adherents even as smaller, aging live-streamed services to marriage and mentor- As significant, the share of millennial- congregations have dwindling numbers in their ing ministries — continue to draw African generation African Americans who affiliate with pews. Americans to black churches. historically black churches is similar to that of “In some cities, there are some congre- “The church has always spoken to these older churchgoers. gations, often with younger pastors, either issues and the church is addressing these issues,” There are numerous reasons why some millennials or Gen-Xers, who’ve been able to he said. “The black church is the place that’s black churches retain their members, but, most develop ministries that are able to attract in always affirmed African-American life.” prominently, the church has played a historic their cohort group,” said Daniels, a minister of But Banks and others say black churches role in black life that has fostered a continuing the Church of God in Christ. are not immune to some of the declines experi- strong black Protestant identity. Members and Howard-John Wesley, 43, has been pastor enced by Christianity in general. visitors at Alfred Street say the church’s holistic since 2008 of Alfred Street, which is affiliated “There are some of our churches that are ministry — the preaching, the singing and the with the historically black Progressive National doing extraordinarily well in terms of captivat- community outreach — are what draw them in Baptist Convention and National Baptist ing and being able to minister to young people,” and keep them there. Convention, USA. He introduced a monthly said Jerry Young, president of the National “I think black churches have always been “Come As You Are” Wednesday night service for Baptist Convention, USA. “And then there are a very pivotal in social movements and outreach,” millennials as well as “Hour of Power” summer number of our churches that also are suffering.” said Kelli Slater, 20, a Howard University student Sunday services. Like the rest of the U.S. population, from Mississippi who was visiting Alfred Street In the last seven years, he said, his church some African Americans are disaffiliating. The at the invitation of her older sister. “I think black membership has grown from 2,300 to 7,100, Pew survey found that 18 percent of African churches do a whole lot more than religion.” and 80 percent of the new members have been Americans describe their religious affiliation In late July, the church held its annual in their mid-30s and low 40s. Total attendance as atheist, agnostic or “nothing in particular,” “Brother’s Keeper” outreach project, in which on recent weekends has surpassed 3,000. compared with 12 percent in 2007. The share it gave 2,000 low-income children backpacks “We decided to be very concise with time,” of U.S. blacks who fit in the “nones” category and winter coats and provided health screenings said Wesley, who knows families need time for rose at about the same rate as the general popu- for their families. In December, some members their kids’ sporting events and who watches a lation, said Greg Smith, associate director of marched from the church to a local court- 60-minute clock placed strategically at the back research at Pew. house in support of the “Black Lives Matter” of the sanctuary. “The No. 1 thing people ask But Richard Wair of Springdale, Md., the movement. when they’re invited to a church is ‘What time patriarch of a family that has attended Alfred David Daniels III, a church history profes- do you get out?’” Street for more than a century, remains hopeful sor at McCormick Theological Seminary in Kip Banks, interim general secretary of the that the next generation of African Americans Chicago, said black churches are not universally Progressive National Baptist Convention, said will continue the churchgoing tradition. BT

12 +% !*-$& $0+-', USA Today Enemy within Israel’s young militant settlers latest front in struggle against terrorism

HIYA, West Bank (RNS) — Elhanan the “leftist” Israeli press. Instead, they fume a state that fails to recognize its lofty goals, they Shmidov views this illegal Jewish out- about the government’s failure to keep them safe are fighting back. A post, within earshot of the drumming from Palestinian attacks. “The government is trying to hurt us, but ceremonies of nearby Palestinian villages, as the “In Jerusalem, in Tel Aviv, in all of Israel’s when you have faith, it’s a different story, noth- epitome of “self-sacrifice,” where “good Jews” cities, there are tons of Arabs, walking around ing deters you.” like him carry out the holy mission of populat- normally … We’re the ones who are afraid!” One of the right-wing activists, Meir ing this contested land. Shmidov said. Ettinger, the grandson of the famed ultra-nation- Shmidov, like many of his neighbors, said The settlement groups organize themselves alist Rabbi Meir Kahane, was recently arrested residents must defend their place in communi- through underground networks and are often and placed under administrative detention — a ties like his throughout “Judea and Samaria,” made up of members who are social outcasts controversial policy that denies the right to a trial the biblical name referring to land that was once or recent immigrants, said Shlomo Fischer, an or knowing the evidence that led to the charges. the domain of the ancient Jewish kingdom. He expert on Jewish extremism. They include both Ettinger, 24, wrote on his blog that rather takes no responsibility for the Jewish extremists militant and non-militant members who share than prosecute “Arab terrorists,” Israeli police — whom he calls “wild weeds” within the pro- a conviction that only once the land of Israel busy themselves with groups such as the “hill- settler community — who carry out violence — including the West Bank — gets rid of non- top youth,” young activist settlers who camp against Palestinians. Jewish elements will the nation be able to usher on hilltops in the West Bank, and “Lahava,” a The increasingly radical Jewish militants in an era of a “true Jewish state,” according to youth organization that seeks to prevent inter- who target Palestinians are the latest front in right-wing activists’ blogs. mingling between Arabs and Jews. Israel’s struggle against terrorism. Israeli security Unlike previous generations, the more According to the Shin Bet — Israel’s secu- authorities estimate hundreds belong to the extreme members of the group don’t look rity agency — members of Ettinger’s “price tag” extremist groups, but only about 100 have been to local leaders for guidance in carrying out offshoot movement called “the revolt” meet at involved in the violent attacks. attacks. Instead, they only respect extremist night at different locations, share information A July 31 arson attack by suspected Jewish interpretations of religious texts and act on their on how to get Molotov cocktails and remain extremists in the Palestinian village of Duma own accord, Fischer said. silent during police investigations, as well as left a toddler and his father dead and sparked Itamar Ben-Gvir, a lawyer who represents plot schemes for creating anarchy and over- nationwide soul-searching. Prime Minister “price tag” and other ultra-nationalist activists throwing the Israeli government in favor of a Benjamin Netanyahu denounced the act of in court says that while they face persecution by “Jewish kingdom.” BT “Jewish terrorism” and launched a crackdown that included the arrest of a number of high- profile, ultra-nationalist activists. Many of the extremists are associated with the so-called “price tag” movement, which vows to exact a “price” by attacking Palestinian properties or people whenever Israel attempts to curb Jewish settlements in the West Bank. The origins for the movement date back 10 years, when large-scale Israeli evacuations of settlements from Gaza were perceived as a violation of both Jewish law and the peoples’ prospects for redemption. Palestinians and the Israeli settlers have dis- puted the ownership of the West Bank for four decades. Some settlers, so avid in their claims to the land, have defied the Israeli government’s wishes by living in the contested zones. Leaders among the settlers dismiss claims of terrorism by Jewish extremists as either - unsubstantiated or overblown by what they call

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“Nurturing Faith” was ﬁrst used by Baptists Today as the name of the Bible study curriculum written by Tony Cartledge. he Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are unique in the scholarship of a consis- “White Mississippi Baptist Ministers Ttent writer, the depth of lessons based Who Helped Crack the Walls of the ‘Closed on Lectionary texts, and the presentation of Society,’ 1954-1974” the lessons within the news journal along with Nurturing Faith Bible Study Series by Short-term Bible studies abundant teaching resources (including video) Tony Cartledge – “A Flea Against Injustice: The Social Christi- with background materials included are now anity of Marian Wright Edelman” online. available in book format. (See the ad on page 9 “Nurturing Faith” conveyed the intent of “Seeking Justice through Novel Writing and for more information.) Book Publishing: Sutton Griggs’s Commit- providing more-scholarly Bible study than most ment to Literature and Battles in Print” Sunday school materials yet also applicable to daily living. But the question was raised: “What Nurturing Faith Books – A broad array of “‘A High-Class Christian Gentleman’: other resources can add to that mission?” excellent books (devotional, inspirational, bib- Tennessee Governor Ben W. Hooper lical, topical, biographical, ﬁction) are available and Progressive Era Reforms” A unique approach to book publishing soon emerged — along with the tag line: in print or digital format. “Justice: Walter Rauschenbusch’s “Something Good Is Growing.” Indeed, Contribution to Baptist Identity” Nurturing Faith continues to grow as an exten- Nurturing Faith Resources – Published in collaboration with the Cooperative Baptist Orders: sion of the publishing ministry that began more 151 Broadleaf Dr., Macon, GA 31210 than 30 years ago. Fellowship and CBF of North Carolina, these [email protected] Nurturing Faith™ respects the intelli- resources continue to grow with new ones in gence of its readers and their commitments to production. growing in faith. Books and other resources are collaborative efforts with authors, sponsors and Nurturing Faith Experiences – Unique MARK YOUR CALENDAR! organizations with shared values. group travel opportunities emphasizing A creative team of writers, editors and adventure and spiritual growth are offered BH&HS Annual designers has been assembled to produce the each year. Previous trips included Israel/West Conference varied Nurturing Faith resources available at Bank, Yellowstone National Park and Glacier NurturingFaith.net: National Park. (See the opposite page for “Perspectives in upcoming Experiences.) Baptist History and Identity” Nurturing Faith Bible Studies by Tony May 23-25, 2016 Cartledge – Found in the center spread of So what is Nurturing Faith? It is a growing Baptists Today, and with group subscriptions way to extend the ministry of Baptists Today. Baylor University available, these studies also offer online teach- Check it out! “Something Good Is Growing” Waco, Texas ing resources. at NurturingFaith.net. BT

MAKING A GIFT to support the ministry of Baptists Today is just one click away. Make a gift online at baptiststoday.org/donate. Your generous giving is most helpful and deeply appreciated.

14 NURTURING FAITH EXPERIENCE 2015 THE AMERICAN THURSDAY, OCTOBER 22 REGISTRATION FEE of $45 per person First Baptist Church includes all programming, dinner and tours. CIVIL WAR @150 401 Gateway Ave. Register online at nurturingfaith.net or send Chattanooga, Tenn. OCTOBER 22-23 a check payable to Baptists Today, P.O. Box 6318, Macon, GA 31210. Deadline to register Chattanooga, Tenn. 5:30 p.m. – Registration and Reception is Oct. 12. After that date, call (478) 301-5655 6:00 p.m. – Dinner / Presentations to check on availability. Questions? Call (478) Leaders: Bruce Gourley, Bobby Lovett, Panel Discussions 719-1033. John Pierce “Who Is on the Lord’s Side? How Baptists HOUSING Sponsored by Baptists Today, Baptist History North and South, White and Black, Claimed Rooms at the discounted rate of $139 (plus tax and Heritage Society, First Baptist Church Divine Favor” and parking) are available at the Courtyard by of Chattanooga, and Tennessee Cooperative —Bruce T. Gourley, Ph.D., Executive Director, Marriott, 200 Chestnut St., near the beauti- Baptist Fellowship Baptist History and Heritage Society ful riverfront in downtown Chattanooga. To reserve a single king or double queen room at his two-day experience offers a closer “Legacy and Loss: How the Civil War Still this price, call (423) 755-0871 (ask for Baptists look at Baptist involvement in and reac- Impacts American Society” Today group). T tion to the Civil War — as well as how —Bobby Lovett, Ph.D., Retired Senior the war’s legacy continues to impact American Professor, Tennessee State University society a century and a half later. The setting, rich in Civil War history, will Dialogue — Facilitated by John D. Pierce, Looking Ahead enhance the learning experience. Executive Editor of Baptists Today NURTURING FAITH EXPERIENCE: YELLOWSTONE/TETONS Fellowship/Book Signings July 9-16 , 2016 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 23 Tour of Civil War Sites Tony Cartledge leading sessions on “Bible stories we learned as children Chickamauga & Chattanooga National to reconsider as adults” Military Park is the oldest and largest Civil War park. Historians will share perspectives Optional activities throughout the week on the war during visits to Lookout Mountain from rigorous to rocking chairs! (site of the “Battle Above the Clouds” and Details at NurturingFaith.net/experiences Point Park) and the Chickamauga Battleﬁeld.

15 “…The notion of believers as CONSERVATIVE or LIBERAL in the absolute sense that these terms are being used today is a 21st-century innovation. What we are dealing with here is nothing less than a new kind of CHRISTIAN SELF- UNDERSTANDING unique to the contemporary era.”

—William E. Hull in his final book, Conservatism and Liberalism in the Christian Faith

Available now at NurturingFaith.net!

“In this last testimony, out CONSERVATISM of his knowledge and his experience, [Bill Hull] ac- AND LIBERALISM complished a momentous in the and greatly needed clarity.” —Novelist WENDELL BERRY, CHRISTIAN in a letter to David Hull

“Hull calls us to account, whatever our ideology of theology and gospel. Churches and schools FAITH should ﬁnd it a valuable introduction to ways of Toward a Moderate Approach confronting diverse ideas and thought-forms.” —From Foreword By William E. Hull by BILL J. LEONARD

AVAILABLE NOW from NurturingFaith.net. For a limited time, get a 10% discount by entering code HULL10 with your order. Publication of this book and guide made possible by the generosity of David Hull, FREE STUDY/DISCUSSION GUIDE Susan Hull Walker and the by educator Terry Maples at Hull Legacy Series Commit- NurturingFaith.net. tee of Mountain Brook Bap- tist Church, Birmingham, Ala.

The Bible Lessons that anchor the Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are written by Tony Cartledge in a scholarly, yet applicable, style from the wide range of Christian scriptures. A graduate of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary (M.Div) and Duke University (Ph.D.), and with years of experience as a pastor, writer, ™ and professor at Campbell University, he provides deep insight for Christian living without “dumbing down” the BIBLE STUDIES richness of the biblical texts for honest learners.

Teaching resources at baptiststoday.org

HOW TO USE THESE November lessons in this issue BIBLE STUDIES A Time for Gratitude: 1. Order a copy of Baptists Today news journal Stories of Thankful People for EACH MEMBER of the class. The Bible Lessons are found only here. Nov. 1, 2015 2. Teachers can go to baptiststoday.org to access all You’re All I Have of the free resources needed for presentation. Simply Ruth 1:1-2:23 click on “Adult” or “Youth.” Teaching the Lessons Nov. 8, 2015 An Odd Road to a Happy Ending After reading The Bible Lessons by Tony Cartledge starting on page 18, teachers can access Ruth 3:1-4:21 helpful teaching resources (at no charge) at baptiststoday.org These include: Nov. 15, 2015 Transformational Tears * Tony’s video overviews 1 Samuel 1:1-28 * Adult teaching plans by Rick Jordan * Youth teaching plans by Jeremy Colliver * Tony’s “Digging Deeper” notes and Nov. 22, 2015 ”The Hardest Question” Thanks for the Promises * Links to commentaries, multimedia 2 Samuel 23:1-7 resources and more Nov. 29, 2015 How to Order A Time for Anticipation The Bible Lessons in Baptists Today are copyrighted 1 Thessalonians 3:6-13 and not to be photocopied.

* Orders may be placed at baptiststoday.org or Adult teaching plans by Rick Jordan of the 1-877-752-5658. Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of North Carolina are available at nurturingfaith.net * The price is just $18 each for groups of 25 or more — for a full year — with no additional costs. Thanks, sponsors! * All online teaching resources are available at no These Bible studies for adults and youth are sponsored through generous charge and may be printed and used by teachers of gifts from the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship (Bo Prosser, Coordinator of the Nurturing Faith Bible Studies. Organizational Relationships) and from the Eula Mae and John Baugh Foundation. Thank you!

with Tony W. Cartledge

Nov. 1, 2015 You’re All I Have

o you like happy endings? Most of us do. While movies or books D that end tragically may receive critical acclaim, most of us prefer a tale in which the main characters overcome end. That’s one of the reasons the book of Ruth is one of the most popular Ruth 1:17 – stories in the Bible: it shares the typi- “Do not press me to leave you cal features of a traditional folktale in or to turn back from following you! which good people fall into trial and Where you go, I will go; experience a major need that is ulti- Where you lodge, I will lodge; your people shall be my people, and your God my God.” Of family and famine (1:1-5) “Bethlehem” means “House of Bread,” with two daughters-in-law but no sons The story begins with a happy family but there was no bread. Elimelech to provide for her in old age. Naomi’s living in Judah. The father’s name is chooses to go in search of better pros- bereft situation quickly sets up the story Elimelech, which means “my God is pects, taking his wife and sons to live so that we know what is necessary for a king.” His two sons have names that “as sojourners” or “foreigners” in the happy ending: she needs food, and she point ominously toward their fate. land of Moab. needs sons. Is there hope for Naomi? “Mahlon” is from a root that means Soon after relocating, Elimelech How will the crisis be resolved? “to be sick” and “Chilion” could mean died of unstated causes, leaving Naomi “frail.” Why give children such names? to care for two sons (v. 3). She managed Of loyalty and lament Infant mortality was high in ancient to arrange marriages for both of them, (1:6-22) times, and the boys may have appeared though with little to offer as a bride When Naomi heard that “the LORD sickly at birth. It’s also possible that the price, it is likely that they came from had considered his people and given narrator attributed nicknames to them as poor Moabite families (v. 4). The brides’ them food,” she determined to return to a harbinger of their early deaths. Bethlehem, where Elimelech had owned The mother’s name is Naomi, which “Orpah” could be related to a word property and she might appeal to extended comes from an adjective that means meaning “the back of the neck,” so we family members for help (vv. 6-7). “pleasant,” and could be translated as are not surprised when she later turns Knowing that she had nothing to offer “pleasant one.” We soon learn that, though away from Naomi. The name “Ruth,” them, Naomi urged her daughters-in-law the book is named for her daughter-in-law, in contrast, is related to a word meaning to return to their parents, take another hus- Naomi is the primary protagonist whose “friendship” or “companion” – and she misfortunes drive the story. is the one who will faithfully stick with Both Orpah and Ruth demurred, but We meet Naomi’s family during Naomi. Naomi bitterly protested that she had a time of famine in their home village A decade later, both sons had died no more sons for them to marry and felt of Bethlehem – an ironic touch, since without siring children, leaving Naomi cursed, for “the hand of the LORD has and her two Moabite daughters-in- turned against me” (vv. 10-13). After Additional background information law as widows (v. 5). In short order, some persuasion, Orpah agreed to stay online where you see the “Digging then, the plot is introduced. Naomi behind and seek her future in Moab Deeper” icon is stranded in a foreign land, saddled (v. 14). Ruth, however, elected to

18 | © Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are copyrighted by Baptists Today. DO NOT PHOTOCOPY. Order at: baptiststoday.org Resources to teach adult and youth classes remain with Naomi, eloquently declar- family to care for her mother-in-law. ing her love and allegiance: “Where you are available at Clearly impressed, he wished her God’s go, I will go; where you lodge, I will baptiststoday.org blessing (vv. 11-12). lodge; your people shall be my people, Ruth maintained her submissive and your God my God” (v. 16). approach, referring to Boaz as “my Many couples choose to use these words in their wedding ceremonies, 21). Notably, Ruth set out not only to in your sight,” and speaking of herself as glean, but also to seek “someone in his maidservant (shifkah), “even though I spoken by a widowed woman to her am not one of your servants” (v. 13). mother-in-law! Ruth promised not only As the story is told, Ruth just hap- The term shifkah was used of house- to remain with Naomi for life, but also hold servants who were considered part to forsake her Moabite gods and follow aforementioned Boaz (meaning “in him of the extended family, so Ruth’s word the God of Israel. Leaving no doubt of is strength”), and Boaz just happened to choice was a subtle request to be rec- her intentions, she concluded with an arrive in time to see her there (vv. 3-4). ognized as a member of Boaz’s clan. oath: “May the LORD do thus and so While their meeting appears to be by Boaz’s insistence that she remain in his to me, and more as well, if even death chance, there is little doubt that the parts me from you!” (v. 17). narrator sees providence at work. hospitality, suggest that he did so. Seeing Ruth’s determination, Intrigued by Ruth’s appearance, At mealtime, Boaz invited Ruth to Naomi said no more, but led the way Boaz asked the supervisor of his come and sit with the household. He to Bethlehem, where the local women workers to whom the young woman personally “heaped up” for her so much cried out in joyful recognition of a “belonged” (v. 5) – in patriarchal cul- friend they had not seen in 10 years: ture, a married woman “belonged” saved the rest for Naomi. Boaz then to her husband and a single woman instructed the harvesters to allow Ruth none of their joy, rejecting her old to her father. Boaz’s main concern to glean even among the stacked bun- name (“pleasant one”) and insisting that was to know if Ruth had any family dles of grain where the pickings were they call her “Mara” (“bitter”) instead, connections. best, and to intentionally leave handfuls “for the Almighty has dealt bitterly of grain in her path (vv. 14-16). Boaz with me” (v. 20). Blaming her troubles the young Moabite woman who had appeared to be as interested in seeking on God, Naomi complained that she returned with Naomi, noting her polite Ruth’s favor as she was in his. had gone away full, but Yahweh had manners and her strong work ethic: With Boaz’s intervention, Ruth “dealt harshly,” “caused calamity,” and “She has been on her feet from early worked all day, beat out the grain, and “brought me back empty” (v. 21). this morning until now, without resting returned to Naomi with leftovers from But Naomi was not empty: Ruth was even for a moment” (vv. 6-7). lunch and “about an ephah of barley” – with her, and they had arrived “at the The remainder of the chapter beginning of the barley harvest” (v. 22). Naomi’s delight in learning where Ruth interplay between Boaz and Ruth. Boaz had been gleaning led her to speak more Of food and ﬂirtation spoke to Ruth as “my daughter” and kindly of God: she intoned a word of (2:1-23) blessing on Boaz “by the LORD, whose Chapter 2 is brilliantly written and young women of his household. He kindness has not forsaken the living or designed to show how Ruth, a Moabite assured her safety, having instructed the dead” (v. 20). foreigner, became accepted as a part of the young men not to molest her, and After explaining that Boaz was a the community and the clan. It begins encouraged her to share in water breaks kinsman, Naomi insisted that Ruth con- with a digression in which the narrator introduces the reader to Boaz, a kins- Ruth’s response was dramatic and any other, and she did so, “gleaning man of Naomi’s husband Elimelech attention getting. She fell prostrate until the end of the barley and wheat – and someone who had the ability to before Boaz and asked “Why have harvests” – time enough to amass a con- reverse the women’s negative circum- I found favor in your sight, that you siderable quantity of grain (vv. 21-13). stances (v. 1). should take notice of me, when I am a While Naomi remained self- foreigner?” (v. 10 – recall Ruth’s inter- element of Naomi’s need has been met: absorbed and apparently inactive, Ruth she has food. But how will the second took the initiative. She offered to go her favor, v. 2). Boaz acknowledged that he had sons to care for her in old age. Bethlehem, a practice that Israel’s law heard of how Ruth had shown such Fortunately, the book has two afforded to foreigners as well as the loyalty to Naomi by leaving her own chapters yet to come. BT

LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 1, 2015 | 19 Ruth 3:1-4:21

with Tony W. Cartledge

Nov. 8, 2015 An Odd Road to a Happy Ending

as your life worked out exactly as you planned or hoped when H you were younger? Most of us experience unexpected twists and turns in life. Divorce happens. Jobs are elimi- nated. Loved ones die. Times change. Love grows – or doesn’t. We may all have some concept of a dream life, but rarely does it work out as we had planned. Ruth 4:14 – Sometimes life turns out to be less “Then the women said to Naomi, ‘Blessed be the LORD, who has not left you this day without next- than we had hoped for, but often it of-kin; and may his name be renowned in Israel!’” becomes more. We learn that, though all things are not good, God is able to work with us to bring something good even could buy the property that had belonged night. After observing where Boaz was from trials, and often in unexpected ways. to her deceased husband Elimelech and sleeping, Naomi had told her: “Go and uncover his feet and lie down; and he A daring plan for Ruth ried Ruth, he could conceive children will tell you what to do” (3:4b). (3:1-18) to preserve Elimelech’s posterity and What? Was Naomi really send- Such was the case for a woman named Naomi’s future. ing Ruth to sneak into bed with Boaz? Naomi. After traveling to Moab dur- With the harvest season ended, Exactly – though just how far under ing a time of famine, Naomi’s husband farmers turned their thoughts to win- the covers is unclear. Naomi told Ruth died. Her two sons married Moabite nowing the barley and wheat that had to “uncover his feet and lie down,” women but died childless, leaving presumably beside his bare feet, while Naomi bereft and fearful of a future that hectic time, it was not unusual for waiting for Boaz to awaken and tell her with no family to support her. the workers to camp out by the thresh- what to do next. Hope revived after she returned to The erotic frisson grows with an Bethlehem along with Ruth, the widow protect the hard-won bounty of grain. awareness that the word translated of her son Mahlon. Ruth gleaned in the Naomi plotted to use this unusual “uncover” was typically used with sleeping situation to force Boaz’s hand. regard to uncovering one’s nakedness, strong liking to her. Weeks of gleaning Naomi instructed her daughter-in-law often in illicit situations. Moreover, in provided needed food, but Naomi still to bathe, put on perfume, and dress in biblical Hebrew as well as the ancient lacked descendants to ensure her social her best clothes (3:1-3a). She was not Near East, “feet” was a common euphe- standing and future security. sending Ruth to a party, but to the pallet mism for genitalia (Exod. 4:25, Judg. 3:24, 1 Sam. 24:3). Knowing that Boaz was related to her Flirtation and sexual tension had begun Ruth followed Naomi’s plan, pre- husband and having noticed the sparks to emerge in the previous chapter. Now sumably waiting until all were asleep between him and Ruth, Naomi hatched it comes front and center. and then quietly cozying up to Boaz an audacious plan. As a kinsman, Boaz Naomi instructed Ruth to go to the (3:6-7). Should we be surprised that place where Boaz and his workers were Boaz was startled when he woke up Additional background information threshing barley, but remain hidden online where you see the “Digging until she saw that Boaz had eaten and sweet-smelling woman sharing his Deeper” icon

20 | © Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are copyrighted by Baptists Today. DO NOT PHOTOCOPY. Order at: baptiststoday.org Resources to teach adult and youth classes In the darkness, he croaked: “Who him’” (4:14-15). are you?” Ruth replied, as Naomi had are available at The women did not congratulate taught her: “I am Ruth, your servant; baptiststoday.org Ruth, but Naomi. What is more, the spread your cloak over your servant, for storyteller says “Then Naomi took the child and laid him in her bosom, and The word translated “servant” (bet- became his nurse” (4:16). This does not ter, “handmaiden”) indicates a higher do so by declaring his intent before necessarily mean that the aging Naomi status than “maidservant,” which Ruth the witnesses. When the other kins- became his wet nurse, but that she cared man expressed a desire to do so, Boaz for the boy faithfully. A handmaiden was eligible for mar- reminded him that Ruth came with the Note that Ruth has faded into the riage: Ruth was in essence proposing property: He would also be expected to background, a reminder that Naomi that Boaz marry her and act as go’el, or marry her and produce a son who would is the central protagonist of the story: “redeemer,” for Naomi. later inherit the same land in the name The women declared “A son has been In Israel, when a man died, his clos- of his deceased father, Elimelech’s son born to Naomi” (4:17). And it was the est kin had the responsibility of being a Mahlon (4:5). joyful women of the town, the narrator “redeemer” by purchasing his land – and Boaz was gambling that the man says, not Ruth or Boaz or even Naomi, by accepting responsibility for the dead would not want to add another wife and who named the child Obed, meaning man’s family. To marry Ruth, Boaz must divide his inheritance, and he wagered “one who serves” – a sign that the child also act as go’el. In that way, Ruth could wisely. When the man declined to would serve to preserve her status in the maintain her relationship with Naomi, community and care for her in old age, whose future would be secured. through the custom of giving Boaz one so she might live happily ever after. Boaz responded with relief and of his sandals in the presence of wit- With v. 17 we discover the primary delight that Ruth had chosen him over nesses – the way was clear for Boaz to reason this charming story was included one of the younger men who might have declare his intention to acquire the land in the scriptures: Ruth’s son Obed would competed for her affections (3:10-11). and to marry Ruth before the same become the father of Jesse, who would Boaz knew, however, that one obstacle witnesses (4:6-10). become the father of David, Israel’s most remained: Another man in town was This proved to be a most popular closer kin to Elimelech than he, and he move, as “all the people who were at While the story concludes with the requisite happy ending, it also bears an Boaz told Ruth to stay with him the decision and spoke words of bless- important reminder that God is able to through the night but move to a differ- ing to Boaz, expressing their hopes that use unlikely people to accomplish great ent place before dawn, lest anyone see the union would be fruitful in produc- things. Elimelech’s ancestor Perez had them in a compromising position (3:13). ing children, so that his house would be also been born under unlikely circum- Before Ruth departed the next morning, like the house of Perez (4:11-12 – see stances to a non-Israelite – a woman “The Hardest Question” online for more of Canaanite origin. Now we learn that of barley for Naomi, who assured Ruth about Perez). Ruth, a Moabite woman, was David’s that Boaz would settle the matter by great-grandmother. A new son for Naomi While the story itself emphasizes (4:13-22) Naomi as the central character, it is the A bold gamble for Boaz Now we’re ready for the happy ending, foreigner Ruth who does the work of (4:1-12) and the narrator relates it in short order. adopting and then adapting to a new Boaz went without apparent delay to the In the space of one verse we learn that family, a new culture, and a new reli- gate, where elders gathered and busi- Boaz and Ruth were married, she con- gion. As Ruth succeeds in proving her ness was transacted before witnesses. ceived, and a son was born (4:13). That faithfulness and her value at every step, To no one’s surprise, the narrator says is no surprise, but what comes next may it is a story that could have had a very the nearer kinsman just happened to be catch the reader off guard: strong message in a setting – such as walking by as Boaz arrived. “Then the women said to Naomi, postexilic Israel – in which the Hebrews Boaz invited the unnamed kins- ‘Blessed be the LORD, who has not left had become antagonistic toward immi- man to have a seat, called together the you this day without next-of-kin; and grant peoples, refusing to welcome or 10 elders necessary to witness legal may his name be renowned in Israel! integrate them into the community. matters, and explained that the late He shall be to you a restorer of life and Given the less-than-welcoming Elimelech’s land was available for a nourisher of your old age; for your attitude of many Americans toward immi- purchase (4:1-3). daughter-in-law who loves you, who is Boaz reminded the man that he had more to you than seven sons, has borne be a message here for us as well. BT

LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 8, 2015 | 21 1 Samuel 1:1-28

with Tony W. Cartledge

Nov. 15, 2015 Transformational Tears

ave you ever wanted something H anything to obtain it – even the thing itself? That sort of bargain may sound crazy, but there could be a time and a place for it. One of those times was the early 11th century, BCE. The place was Shiloh, a temple town in the hill country of Judah, about 20 miles north of Jerusalem. The object of desire was a baby boy. His name was Samuel.

One man and two women 1 Samuel 1:20 – (vv. 1-8) “Her husband Elkanah said to her, ‘Hannah, why do you weep? Why do you not eat? Why is your heart sad? Am I not more to you than ten sons?’” The text begins like a typical folk story: “There once was a man . . .” The story, however, is about a woman. The man’s Hannah. She successfully produced provocations “went on year after year.” name was Elkanah (v. 1). He is impor- offspring, including sons, but could see Peninnah’s gloating was so upsetting tant only as the husband of Hannah. that her children did not win Elkanah’s that Hannah could not eat, despite the Unfortunately, the picture includes love: she would always be in second choice cuts Elkanah gave to her. another wife, too. place. Not surprisingly, Peninnah dealt Even the obtuse Elkanah eventu- Hannah’s name means “Grace,” so with her wounded self-esteem by taunt- ally took note of Hannah’s sorrow, and we might expect her to be a kind and ing her childless rival. he would ask: “Hannah, why are you happy woman, but she lived in misery. Hannah could not escape weeping? Why don’t you eat? Why Penninah’s insults, even on the nor- are you so downhearted? Don’t I mean wife, but as the years of their marriage mally happy days when they went up more to you than ten sons? passed she had produced no children. to Shiloh for the harvest feast, when is just as well that Hannah’s reply to Seeking to preserve both his lineage and Hebrews from the surrounding area Elkanah was not recorded. his property, Elkanah had followed custom and married a second wife, named and enjoy a “dinner on the grounds” One woman and a priest Peninnah (v. 2). that lasted for several days. For most (vv. 9-17) Elkanah apparently thought it people, it was a joyous time of year, but Hannah knew that her ultimate business seemed simple enough that Penninah not for Hannah, whose infertility had was not with Elkanah, but with God. could be a utilitarian wife who supplied left her feeling alienated and isolated, The Hebrews believed that Yahweh was him with sons, while Hannah provided an island of grief in the midst of a party. responsible for opening or closing the him with love and companionship. You Elkanah tried to help. When carving womb. In her misery, Hannah left the might think that it was Elkanah who feasting behind and went tearfully to the was simple. give portions to Peninnah for herself very door of the temple, where she fell The complicated marriage was and each of her children. To show his prostrate to the earth and cried out to no fairer to Penninah than it was to favor, he always gave Hannah twice God “in bitterness of soul” (v. 10). the normal portion for one, but it still Weary of waiting and weeping, Additional background information paled beside Peninnah’s platter (vv. Hannah turned her wounded soul to online where you see the “Digging God and committed herself to a last, Deeper” icon let her forget it: Her constant and bitter desperate act: She made a sacred vow

22 | © Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are copyrighted by Baptists Today. DO NOT PHOTOCOPY. Order at: baptiststoday.org Resources to teach adult and youth classes to Yahweh. Hannah pleaded with God to give her a son, and promised with all are available at If God had not granted her prayer, her heart that if her prayer was granted, baptiststoday.org it is likely that she would have accepted she would give to God the most pre- this fate with the peace of knowing that cious thing she could imagine: that she had done all she could. Hannah and same longed-for child. A promise and a fulﬁllment her husband Elkanah had a history of Reading Hannah’s tearful, face- (vv. 19-28) being faithful to God in their worship to-the-ground prayer in v. 11, we can Hannah’s newly hopeful outlook and their tithes, and no doubt would imagine that she may have repeated her revived her appetite as well as her spir- have continued their practice. vow again and again, with eyes dripping its: “Then she went her way and ate In some ways, the cost of having tears and her nose running so that her something, and her face was no longer her prayer answered with a child was face would have become smudged with greater than if she had remained barren: dirt when she wiped it. Is it any wonder not yet been answered and she had no She gained the joy of motherhood, but that Eli thought she was drunk? certainty that it would be answered, but also the pain of giving Samuel up. Still Did Hannah even realize that the she had hope, and hope was enough. Hannah did so, because she had prom- old priest was sitting in the shadows of The family worshiped again the next ised. She recognized Samuel as a gift, the doorway? Eli’s hearing and eyesight morning before returning home. Perhaps cherished the time she had with him, were both fading, so he probably had Hannah was able to ignore Peninnah’s and then lovingly gave him up. It was not understood the choked words of her jibes by drawing closer to Elkanah. God the right thing to do. prayer. When he looked at the dishev- had heard Hannah’s prayer and granted Hannah’s story challenges us on eled woman lying in the dirt with her her request. Soon she conceived and several levels. First, it offers a lesson mouth moving but her voice inaudible, gave birth to a son. Not surprisingly, she in hope. We may also have known the he concluded that she had drunk to named him Samuel, which means “heard misery of lacking what we want most, excess, as others commonly did during by God.” being taunted by others because of our the feast (vv. 12-13). Hannah remembered that Samuel shortcomings, or berating ourselves for “How long will you make a drunken was a gift from God, and she remem- not accomplishing all we had hoped spectacle of yourself?” he charged. bered her promise. When Samuel had to do. Both hope and peace grow from “Put away your wine!” (v. 14). Perhaps been fully weaned – probably at about doing what we can do and then trusting he hoped that she would also put her- three years old in those days – she took to God what we cannot do. self out of the temple precincts, but him to the temple. Whether old Eli The example of Hannah and Hannah remained. She spoke plainly remembered the promise she had made, Elkanah also speaks to us of giving. to Eli, insisting that if she was drunk, and how he felt about taking on the care it was from sorrow, not wine or beer. of a child, is not stated. He could hardly a check to the church every week or The excess she had experienced was of refuse, however, when she reminded month. We can easily think of other anguish and vexation as she poured out him of her promise, and said: “So now things to do with the money, and may her soul before God (vv. 15-16). I give him to the LORD, for his whole not believe we can afford to tithe or Gradually, Eli came to understand life will be given over to the LORD” give a generous offering. Today’s text Hannah’s sorrow, and he wanted to reminds us that our giving to God comfort her. He had no certain word Through her vow of faith and its grows from understanding that all bless- from God and thus could make no ings come from God. We are stewards promises, but he offered her a wish and of Israel, a model of both hope and of God’s gifts, and returning to God a a blessing: “Go in peace, and may the faithfulness. meaningful portion of our income is an God of Israel grant you what you have But what if her vow had not appropriate expression of worship. asked of him” (v. 17). resulted in a child? We cannot know, Finally, Hannah’s experience sum- Those simple words, in the after- for the scripture doesn’t address it, but mons us to consider what promises we math of her vow, changed Hannah’s I suspect she would have remained have made to God, and whether we life. She might have understood his faithful and at peace. Through her vow, have kept them. For those of us who ambiguous words to mean “God will Hannah came to an understanding with read the Bible from the perspective of grant your wish,” or she may simply the God she believed was responsible the New Testament, it also reminds us have been consoled by the knowledge for children, and surrendered her will to consider the gospel story of how God that the priest had given his blessing. In to the divine will. If God answered her also gave up a son in order to save us any event, Hannah felt hopeful for the prayer and granted a son, she would from our sins and ourselves. It was the accept the cost of surrendering him right thing to do. What is the right thing had something good in store for her. to God’s service at the temple and be for us? BT

LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 15, 2015 | 23 2 Samuel 23:1-7

with Tony W. Cartledge

Nov. 22, 2015 Thanks for the Promises

a popular TV game show called I “Queen for a Day.” Host Jack Bailey would begin each program by asking the largely female studio audience: “Would you like to be queen for a day?” He would then interview pre- selected contestants about their lives, gently prodding the women to reveal 2 Samuel 23:3b-4 – “One who rules over peo- or problems with their children’s health. ple justly, ruling in the fear As the women would weep while telling of God, is like the light of about the wreck that put their husband morning, like the sun ris- out of work or the tornado that damaged ing a cloudless morning, the house or the special brace that little gleaming from the rain on Johnny needed for his leg, sympathetic the grassy land.” audience response would be measured on an “applause meter.” expected to provide economic and civil they would have been written at an ear- The woman receiving the greatest direction to the country, but also to lead lier time in David’s reign, perhaps in response would be wrapped in a velvet the army into battle. When the elders conjunction with the “everlasting cov- robe, crowned “Queen for a Day,” and enant” (v. 5) that recalls God’s promise ushered to a throne to be showered with over Israel, he discouraged them, but to David in 2 Samuel 7, even though gifts, usually beginning with the focus they insisted “No! But we are deter- the promise came through the prophet of her particular need and then extend- mined to have a king over us, so that Nathan rather than as a direct word to ing to luxury items such as a vacation or we also may be like other nations, and David. night on the town. that our king may govern us and go The heart of the text is twice named Would you like to be queen for a an “oracle.” This is a bit surprising: the day? Or king? word ne’um (“utterance,” or “oracle”) We typically visualize royalty as was a tough job – and some kings is generally limited to the speeches of people with enormous wealth who live weren’t very good at it. For the most prophets who have received a direct posh and easy lives, appearing at the part, David was the exception. word from God. Today’s text is the occasional state function while servants earliest scriptural reference to David take care of the castle, prepare gour- A prophetic king as a prophet, a tradition that gained (v. 1-3a) momentum late in Israel’s history, when Bentleys. many of the psalms were attributed to Being a king or queen is surely Today’s text is found within an appen- David and also read as having prophetic dix of sorts attached to the end of 1-2 Samuel, for the primary narrative ends period, it was common to think of royals have many civic responsibili- with 2 Samuel 20 and picks up again David as a prophet. Peter, for example, ties. Israelite kings such as David had with 1 Kings 1. used a very loose quotation of Ps. 16:10 it much harder. They were not only An editorial introduction to the text purports it to be “the last words of to claim that David had predicted Jesus’ Additional background information David,” but it is unlikely that these truly resurrection (Acts 2:31). online where you see the “Digging mark comments from his deathbed. The introduction consists of four Deeper” icon The content of the words suggests that parallel lines containing descriptive

24 | © Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are copyrighted by Baptists Today. DO NOT PHOTOCOPY. Order at: baptiststoday.org Resources to teach adult and youth classes are available at Nevertheless, David claimed that of Jesse, his human father. The last baptiststoday.org his rule had met the standard: “Is not three refer to his relationship with God my house like this with God?” (v. 5aa). As evidence of his just rule, David and some of the titles can be translated “When one rules over people in righ- cited the divine promise recorded in 2 in different ways, but they are impres- teousness, when he rules in the fear of Samuel 7. When David had sought to sive in every case. God …” (v. 3b). build a house for Yahweh, the prophet The NRSV says he is “the man The word for “righteousness” can Nathan relayed a message that God whom God exalted, the anointed of the describe an individual’s moral character, would instead build for David a house God of Jacob, the favorite of the Strong but in the public arena carried the sense in the sense of a dynasty, in which one One of Israel.” This is quite different of doing what is right and just. A good of his descendants would rule over from the KJV, which calls David “the king should be just in his dealings, so Israel forever. “For he has made with man who was raised up on high, the that good laws to protect human rights me an everlasting covenant,” David anointed of the God of Jacob, and the are in place, and all people are treated said, “ordered in all things and secure” sweet psalmist of Israel.” The NIV11 is fairly. (v. 5ab). similar, except it refers to David as “the Justice, like wisdom, has its roots Israel’s covenant theology taught hero of Israel’s songs.” in “the fear of God,” an attitude of that human obedience would lead to Verse 2 claims direct inspiration: reverence and respect for God that divine blessing, so that a righteous king “The Spirit of the LORD spoke through leads one to rule in keeping with divine could expect to have a successful rule: me; his word was on my tongue.” principles such as those found in the “Will he not cause to prosper all my In the books of Samuel “the Spirit of Ten Commandments. We must keep in help and my desire?” (v. 5b). Yahweh” inspired Saul to go into an mind that this oracle was written in the We noted above that the “last words ecstatic trance (1 Sam. 10:6, 10; 16:13) context of a national entity whose iden- of David,” though called an oracle, take or to become a charismatic battle leader tity was bound up in a unitary covenant the form of a wisdom saying that con- (1 Sam. 11:6). This is the only place in with God: while it was appropriate trasts the fate of the righteous and the the books of Samuel that it refers to the for Israel, it is not intended as a guide wicked. Having declared his own rule to giving of prophecy, as it did in other for modern governments in pluralistic be just and therefore worthy of reward, societies. Even so, basic principles of David compared it to the destiny of justice are both evident and applicable those who do not fear God or lead to any governmental system. rightly. “The godless are all like thorns Verse 3 provides yet another intro- The wonder of a truly just leader that are thrown away,” he said, thorns duction to the oracle, as David reportedly is expressed in an appealing metaphor so sharp and injurious that they must be claims “The God of Israel spoke, the drawn from nature. The translation piled up for burning with a spear shaft Rock of Israel said to me . . .” or iron bar rather than by hand (vv. 6-7). in the entire verse, so they must be The text uses an emphatic verbal con- A just king supplied. Here’s my attempt at a struction to stress their utter destruction: (vv. 3b-4) straightforward translation: (He is) like the light of morning at sunrise, a cloud- With David’s oracle having been intro- burned on the spot.” less morning, like the brightness after duced multiple times, the reader is more This judgment, like the positive rain, (that brings) grass from the earth. than ready to hear what God reportedly What can be more refreshing said to David, but perhaps disappointed wicked leaders do not spontaneously than a bright morning when the sky is to learn that it doesn’t sound like an combust. Nevertheless, the principle is clear, the air is tinged with the scent of oracle at all, but like a typical mashal, that good leaders who practice justice rain, and the world is green with new or wisdom saying, such as those found bring order, beauty, and prosperity to growth? in the book of Proverbs. The teaching consists of a proverb describing the bring ruin to their countries and ulti- A contrasting king ideal king (vv. 3b-4), an assertion that mately, to themselves. (vv. 5-7) David’s rule was exemplary (v. 5a), and Few of us will have the opportunity a contrasting observation concerning The prevalence of politicians or gov- to lead a country, or even a county, but what fates righteous and wicked rulers we do have the opportunity to vote for might expect (vv. 5b-7). ineffective, or corrupt makes it hard to leaders whom we believe come closest to The oracle begins with a description imagine a leader so just and effective the biblical ideal of promoting a just soci- of what a king’s reign should be like: that we would compare his or her term ety that cares for all of its citizens. BT

LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 22, 2015 | 25 1 Thessalonians 3:6-13

with Tony W. Cartledge

Nov. 29, 2015 A Time for Anticipation

s we enter the season of Advent, we are reminded to look for- A ward to the coming of Christ, but we know it is also a time of looking forward to reunions with friends and family. Many people have blessed us and loved us through the years, and we have loved them in return. There’s nothing inherently Christmas-like about family gatherings, but they often happen during this season. Any opportunity 1 Thessalonians 3:12 – to visit with people of our hearts has an “And may the Lord make inherently spiritual feeling about it. you increase and abound in love for one another and to the church in Thessalonica (today for all, just as we abound called Thessaloniki), he was feeling that in love for you.” same mix of love and joy and spiritual blessing. women” to follow Jesus (Acts 17:4). Thus, Paul rejoices that Timothy had After they began to meet at the just arrived with “the good news of your A happy report home of a man named Jason, angry (vv. 6-8) synagogue leaders instigated a mob that longing for Paul to visit again (v. 6). stormed Jason’s home. When they could If someone should visit your church the people of Thessalonica while and return to tell others about the expe- engaged in what is popularly known as Jason and some other new believers rience, what terms would they use to his second missionary journey. Along before the authorities on charges of har- describe it? Would they describe your with Silas and Timothy, Paul had passed boring treasonous troublemakers (Acts congregation as cold or warm? Dull or through northern Asia (now Turkey), vibrant? Engaged or apathetic? and was led by a vision to set sail from out of town in the dark of night and the Timothy had told Paul that the Troas, where Luke joined them on the missionaries moved on to Berea, then Thessalonians were known for their way to Macedonia (Acts 16:1-10). to Athens, but Paul did not forget the faith and their love. In his opening They landed at Neapolis and made young believers in Thessalonica. prayer of thanks, Paul had expressed their way inland to Philippi, where While in Athens, the companions gratitude for the church’s work of faith, they experienced a tumultuous ministry decided to send Timothy back for a labor of love, and steadfastness of hope before moving on. quiet visit, concerned that the young (1:3). Now he reiterates his joy that they When the party arrived in were steadfast in their commitment to Thessalonica, Paul preached in the face of persecution (1 Thess. 2:17-3:5). God, and acted on their faith through local synagogue for three weeks, but Timothy returned with a glowing report showing love to one another. was thrown out after he had convinced Isn’t that what we would want oth- “a great multitude of the God-fearing sizzling, and Paul expressed his delight ers to say of our church? Not that we Greeks and a number of the leading by sending the letter we now call bicker over non-essentials or isolate 1 Thessalonians. In today’s text, Paul ourselves from society, but that we Additional background information speaks of his longing to visit the young focus on a common faith and live out a online where you see the “Digging believers again and to encourage them common love? Attracting more people Deeper” icon in their continued growth and progress. to our congregation is not a matter of

26 | © Nurturing Faith Bible Studies are copyrighted by Baptists Today. DO NOT PHOTOCOPY. Order at: baptiststoday.org Resources to teach adult and youth classes - Paul had previously praised the nological wizardry. People longing for are available at believers’ faithful love (1:3, 3:6), but he connection with God and others will baptiststoday.org knew that true love never stops grow- naturally gravitate toward a church that ing. Thus Paul went on to pray “may is truly faithful and loving. the Lord make you increase and abound Paul knew what it was like to face restore whatever is lacking in your in love for one another and for all, just struggles, but found it easier to deal faith” (v. 10). Paul’s relationship with as we abound in love for you” (v. 12). with when he knew that his work had the people of Thessalonica did not end Paul’s upcoming words of instruction borne fruit and his friends were doing when he left the city. His prayers for would be offered in love, and he hoped well: “During all our distress and perse- them continued, and he longed to see they would be received in a similar cution we have been encouraged about them again. spirit. you through your faith” (v. 7). We can The word for “restore” should Paul wanted the best for his friends experience similar encouragement. not be read to suggest that the in Thessalonica, and there were ethical This is one of the primary reasons Thessalonians had possessed some ele- issues he wanted to address. As a gentle why belonging to a community of faith ments of faith but had lost them, like segue to that topic, he prayed that Christ bricks falling from a wall. The verb would “so strengthen your hearts in holi- could be better translated “to make ness that you may be blameless before doubting days, the faith and love of oth- adequate” or “to make complete.” If we our God and Father at the coming of our ers can lift us up. think of the Thessalonians’ faith as a Lord Jesus with all his saints” (v. 13). Recognizing this helps us to inter- wall, it had not tumbled down, but was This written prayer accomplishes at least three things. First, it draws read on the surface only: “For we now foundation, but there were things they attention to the church members’ still needed to learn about being faith- need for greater holiness. Second, it Lord.” Paul was not saying that his lit- ful believers who honor God and live in subtly reminds them of a future judg- eral life depends on the Thessalonians’ harmony. ment, where he hopes they will appear continued faithfulness, but there was “blameless.” Finally, it is a prelude to a connection between them. The good A joyful hope his upcoming teaching about the fate news of their persistent faith and love (vv. 11-13) of the dead and the second coming of had been renewing and life-giving. Whether a visit was likely or not, Christ – all areas in which Paul hoped Paul still longed to see his friends in - A thankful prayer Thessalonica, and prayed “Now may our standing of the faith. (vv. 9-10) God and Father himself and our Lord Have you had – or do you still Paul’s consolation gave rise to thanks- Jesus direct our way to you” (v. 11). have – a “Paul” in your life? Someone giving: “How can we thank God enough Paul’s wishful prayer in vv. 11-13 who wants the best for you, who prays for you in return for all the joy that we for you, who encourages you, and who feel before our God because of you?” letter. From 1:1-3:10, Paul has gushed may occasionally offer words of advice - over the Thessalonians as if they were whether you want them or not? ent prayer might lead us to ask whether a model church in every way, praising We should be grateful to have such we share a similar concern for our their faith, their love, their perseverance people in our lives, but it’s easy to own friends in the faith, or whether we in hope, and their exemplary behavior become a bit resentful of them, even as have tended to live in a bubble of self- Paul feared the Thessalonians would absorption, feeling neither anxiety over that there might be shadows in the resent him. The measure of our resent- others’ stumbles in the faith nor joy church is found in 3:10, where Paul ment is usually proportional to the state when we see growth and progress. longed for a face-to-face meeting so he of our faith: If we’ve been wandering Paul’s concern is a reminder that could “make up whatever is lacking in from the fold, as it were, we may take we need each other. If we are to grow in your faith” (v. 10, NET). exception to someone calling us back, faith, we need a community of mutual Paul’s prayer in 3:11-13 serves however gentle their words may be. care and concern where brothers and as a bridge between his warm words Perhaps Paul’s heartfelt care for the sisters pray for each other, reach out in of praise and friendship in 1:1-3:10, Thessalonians can remind us to be more times of trial, and rejoice over spiritual and his sterner words of instruction in appreciative of those who pray for us progress. chapters 4-5. He eases into the com- and encourage us along the way. The This is why Paul went on to say: ing sermon on ethics and the end times times we resent it most could well be “Night and day we pray most earnestly by praying that they might continue to the times we are most in need of their that we may see you face to face and grow in love and in holiness. care. BT

LESSON FOR NOVEMBER 29, 2015 | 27 Classiﬁeds

Pastor: will minister in a healthy work environment with Minister of Missions: - full-time minister of missions to work alongside - th church recently celebrated its 20 anniversary, Our congregation is mission minded with a good missions will serve as the director of the Mission We affirm both men and women to serve as suburbs, and with backgrounds in SBC, CBF and leader of the Emma Quire Mission Center (in - should email their résumé and a cover letter to - - - ful candidate will have a strong calling to the Minister to Students: - ing a minister to students to work alongside a candidates are encouraged to submit résumés - church recently celebrated its 20th anniversary, Associate Pastor: church and ministries can be found at fbcfrank- - and with backgrounds in SBC, CBF and other reach to diverse communities, and the ability to - should email their résumé and a cover letter to A recent release he 150th anniversary of the American Civil War provides a grand opportunity to consider precisely what Baptists — North and South T — were saying from their pulpits, in the press, and through official resolutions from that time. Bruce Gourley brings such perspectives to life by making good use of careful and significant research, creatively taking a chronological approach using primary sources. He highlights the role of various kinds of Baptists, for example: Robert Smalls, Thomas Hill Watts, Basil Manly Sr., Gov. Joseph Brown, Gov. Sam Houston, Isaac Taylor Tichenor, Crawford H. Toy, and Frank and Jesse James — most of whom went on to great prominence in politics, religion or education. Gourley’s firsthand accounts of how Baptists on both sides sought and claimed divine favor and righteousness provide lessons as plentiful as the statues and markers that dot the many battlefields where the devastation has given way to peaceful fields and quiet woodlands. nurturingfaith.net

28 The Lighter Side By Brett Younger Better than the Grand Slam Breakfast

e slips in just as the organist is begin- “Doxology” because it is short, and the bene- She has had a hard week. She comes to wor- ning the prelude and glances at his diction because it means the service is almost ship to experience the love of God that makes H watch. Why couldn’t they start at done. He leaves the sanctuary thinking, “It her whole again. At the chiming of the hour she 10:45? If they had a head start, they could beat could have been worse.” looks at the cross at the front of the sanctuary the Methodists to Applebee’s. Somehow he has gotten the mistaken and thinks about God’s love. He likes the chiming of the hour; he impression that worship is a spectator sport. She looks forward to the passing of the thinks of it as the tardy bell. The organ is OK, He has never understood that attending a wor- peace. She loves the words, “The peace of Christ but he frequently wishes they had more saxo- ship service and worshipping are not the same. be with you.” She likes it when people smile and phones in worship. If you asked him why he comes, he would hug. He is not a fan of passing the peace. He have to think about it for a second. If it is to As the candles are lit, she asks God to help finds it awkward guessing who shakes hands be entertained, it is not much of a show. If he her worship. She listens intently as the Psalm and who hugs, and, according to what he was wants to learn something, a book is easier. If is read. During the invocation she closes her taught, you are supposed to say, “The peace he wants to feel comforted, then the Grand eyes, listens for God and opens her heart. of Christ be with you” and respond “And also Slam Breakfast at Denny’s might be a better She feels the hymns all the way down to with you.” What do you do when someone choice. The truth is, more than anything else, her toes. The litany makes her think about the goes off script and opens with “How are you?” he comes out of habit. greatness of God. When she prays the Lord’s He is sure people are not supposed to be talk- Too much of what passes for worship Prayer, there is a lump in her throat on “for- ing to each other. is superficial: hugs that would bring sexual give us our trespasses.” As she listens to the He has never cared for the candles. They harassment charges in other settings, applause sermon, she wonders what holds her back from are a little Catholic for his taste. He yawns that seems to suggest that the true audience is a greater commitment. What does it cost to during the reading of the Psalm. not God but the congregation, the feeling that truly worship God? When the friendship register is passed, nothing mysterious is going on, that what is When the offering plate is passed, she he writes other people’s names. Over the last happening is a gathering of nice people gives more than her CPA wants her to, because three Sundays he has written Donald Trump, enjoying one another’s presence. she knows she is not just giving money but is Lily Tomlin and Taylor Swift. Someone has to Those who lead worship are told to keep sharing herself. She stands and praises “Father, notice eventually. it simple. Do not ask soul-wrenching ques- Son and Holy Ghost.” The first hymn seems like a “high church” tions. Avoid anything that is offensive. Offer She is grateful for the benediction because hymn. That is why they have Episcopal sweetness rather than the hard thinking that it keeps her from hurrying back to life outside churches. The second hymn sounds “low the Christian faith requires. of worship. She lives differently because she church.” That is why they have country Lots of people get just enough dumbed- has worshipped, because she has given herself churches. During the children’s sermon he down worship to inoculate them from to God. BT hopes some child will say something the pas- experiencing the real thing. Consumer-driven tor does not want to hear. It does not happen worship leads people to the misunderstanding —Brett Younger is associate professor of nearly often enough. that worship is about our likes and dislikes and preaching at Mercer University’s He has never been big on litanies. He does not about our commitment to God. Worship is McAfee School of Theology. not come to worship to participate, although not supposed to be easy. If worship the Lord’s Prayer is not bad. He is used to was easy, everyone would mumbling it. The anthem is a winner, but the worship. scripture reading goes on too long. The sermon starts slow and drags in the middle, but he likes it when the introduction and conclusion are close together. He is sure the closing hymn is somebody’s grandmother’s favorite, but it is not his. He looks at his watch and then around to see if anyone is going to join. He hopes any new members will wait a week, because kickoff is at one o’clock. When the offering plate is passed, he gives money that he will not miss. He likes the

29 Editor’s note: This article in the series “Transitions: Helping churches and church leaders in changing times” is provided in partnership with the Center for Healthy Churches (chchurches.org). Healthy Church Don’t expect millennials to carry on parents’ traditions By Bob Ballance

uring the most recent economic down- own, and their parents were eager for the same. postmodern pilgrims. So while millennials turn, millennials — young adults born 2) Most young adults from previous genera- embrace technology that changes daily, they D between 1980 and 2000 — returned tions couldn’t wait to own their own home. find God and the Bible still being presented home to live with their parents in record num- 3) An increasing number of young adults likely as rigidly unchanging by older laity and clergy, bers. As they did, they and their parents felt won’t enjoy the level of income their parents causing a quickly increasing number of young confident this would be a temporary thing. had. adults to find traditional beliefs, ordinary faith But while the economy is much better But another huge shift in values has to and traditional worship to be irrelevant. now, even so, according to a new Pew Research do with religion. When it comes to matters And while the issues of homosexuality and Center report released in July, 25 percent of of faith, while a huge percentage of millenni- transexuality are in the news constantly these millennials still live at home with their parents als returned home during hard times, many days, these topics are rarely discussed in a con- and have no plans of moving on. divorced themselves from their parents’ reli- gregational setting of any sort. Additionally, Why? Those studying this age group gion. Why are millennials though the environment is increasingly found that many young adults carry huge stu- walking to such a different important to 20- and 30-somethings, an older dent loan debts (the average is about $30,000), drum when it comes to generation often scoffs at calls for recycling with interest rates that are less than favorable. religious faith? and making greater use of renewable sources This means they have a large monthly payment Here are some pos- of energy. Millennials lament the absence of to make, which is often as much as they might sibilities based on recent meaningful discussion about these types of expect to pay in rent or for a mortgage. observations. These won’t issues that are so central to their own concerns, Consequently, many are not buying homes, fit all circumstances, of so they feel no interest in embracing what they which is part of the reason the housing market course: feel are outdated modes of belief or attending in some parts of the country has still not recov- First, we live in a worship where their parents do. ered. Many millennials also are not buying new time of rapid change with knowledge doubling Third, we live in a time when commu- vehicles because they don’t want the monthly every 12 months. Many mainline congrega- nity and commitment are less important to all expense of owning one, so they take mass tran- tions have shunned change, however, so Americans, regardless of age and stage of life. sit, borrow one from their parents or a friend, or governance, worship and programming have Radical individualism seems to be replacing drive an older vehicle they own. remained virtually unchanged. a long-held American tradition of belonging But another reason Pew researchers found This is true in both white and African- to something larger than oneself, which often that millennials are still living at home is American churches, and both have seen included religious affiliation. Since that’s espe- because their parents simply like having their millennials disappear in great numbers. Also, cially true of millennials, more and more are young adult children around, so there’s been no a growing number of rabbis report the same stepping away from the level of commitment pressure to move on. This works out well for is true in their congregations. And while some to church modeled for them by their parents. both and means that millennials are relieved millennials embraced the megachurch, which These are quickly changing times for all from the high costs of independent living. In is quite different than what they knew as ages. Such times, while frustrating for many, many cases, too, these “re-nesters” are assisting children, a larger percentage seem content as can provide an opportunity for evaluation their parents with household errands and even “nones”— those who now say they now have and taking up new ways of worship, serving, chipping in to cover monthly utilities or help- no use for organized religion. and being together that could help resolve the ing out with groceries. Second, the church of today has failed divide that exists between young adults and This trend, though, points to a shift in miserably in the area of hermeneutics. While traditional church. BT values from that of previous generations in sev- Hebrew and Christian scriptures are thousands eral ways: 1) Most middle class young adults in of years old, the church has consistently failed —Bob Ballance is pastor of earlier generations couldn’t wait to be on their to offer meaningful interpretations for these Pine Street Church in Boulder, Colo.

30 Reblog

Selections from recent blogs at baptiststoday.org Sunrises and sunsets By John Pierce And, often, what a show! To watch the darkness slowly evolve into spectacles of color erhaps “glory” is an overused word — and light — or to witness the dimming sun though not as much as “awesome.” disappear behind the horizon while offering a Yet it conveys a sense of magnificence parting gift of orange spray upon the clouds. P A golden sunset along Going-to-the-Sun Road in beyond measure or definition. Recently my daughter Abigail and I were Glory has a spiritual dimension. It’s a having dinner in the Georgia mountains after a biblical word. day of hiking. Late afternoon rain had set in. Hymn writers often use it — almost As we left a comfort-food diner, however, “The heavens declare the glory of God…” always rhyming it with “story.” (Gospel singers some light appeared to our west. The move- Such “handiwork” leads to wonder — though prefer a long-O sound for both words.) ment of clouds suggested a sunset show in I’ve never felt the need to try to explain it too Over the years I’ve come to quietly revel production. much. (if that’s possible) in glorious sunrises and Without a plan or much local knowledge, In fact, if we understood it all, it would sunsets — sometimes making special efforts to I drove until a hilltop development appeared not be so marvelous. Mystery and wonder are be in a particular place to marvel at the twice- on our left. We headed up a rising, curving to be experienced, not solved. daily shows that are never duplicated exactly. road where new homes were being constructed My beloved Berry College professor Jorge My friend, colleague and photography — and bingo! Gonzalez put it all in the right perspective for mentor Bruce Gourley and I have made such A vacant lot near the top offered a spec- me long ago: Science tells us how the world efforts from the Sea of Galilee to Jekyll Island tacular view of the setting sun bouncing its was created; the Bible tells us who did it and to Rocky Mountain lakes. The reward is rays off the clouds, mountains and valleys. We why. greater than a treasured snapshot. soaked it all in until dark. We were at peace. Call it what you wish: beauty, grandeur, It is the chance to focus on something that My daughter recalled the psalmist’s words: splendor or glory. Or don’t say anything at all; is brief but beautiful — and always with an “From the rising of the sun to its setting the just marvel in it. element of surprise. The shows are not reruns, name of the Lord is to be praised” (Ps. 113:3). Time is a gift — and it’s offered up in although they appear daily. The presence and/or Perhaps such an experience — or viewing fleeting moments as each day emerges and positioning of clouds play a starring guest role. a star-filled sky — led the psalmist to proclaim: departs. BT

Deer, deer …

By Tony W. Cartledge the street to wash it down with some fresh collards and cauliflower, we decided to take greenery. no chances with establishing a salad buffet. iven that my wife and I were gone In the past my biggest problem with My bad hip relegated me to watch- from home for a month this sum- deer has been their propensity to take a single ing, but Susan carefully covered the lot with Gmer, I didn’t really expect a lot from bite from the prettiest and juiciest of the wire cages turned sideways, with a layer of the tomatoes, bell peppers and squash we tomatoes, but this year there were no toma- open-weave burlap or plastic netting over the planted in April. The squash plants bombed toes to bite, because the deer ate the vines plants. We’re hoping that will at least give the on their own, though I suspect a vole had down to a stub and did the same to the bell plants a safe start, and with the addition of a something to do with it. pepper plants. few malodorous substances around the perim- Tomatoes and bell peppers usually thrive Normally we have peppers to eat, to eter, perhaps our nimble grazers will find in the garden boxes, however. They usually freeze and to give away, but one small green other breakfast options before they discover thrive, that is, if something doesn’t eat them pepper is the sum total of our crop for the that the figs are getting ripe. first. year. It’s hard to be mad at the deer, because A neighbor across the cul-de-sac has I don’t know if the deer’s tastes have they (or their ancestors) were here long before been putting out corn for a deer family that changed or if food is so scarce that they’re des- we humans moved into their habitat. Even so, makes early morning rounds through the perate for roughage. In any case, after pulling I’m hoping for an abundance of tasty acorns woods around our subdivision, and appar- up what was left of the tomatoes and rework- and hickory nuts this fall, so there can be ently they grew accustomed to crossing ing the soil to plant a fall crop of cabbage, happy meals for all. BT

31 !"#$% &'( )*#"# +% ,#*' )-.$/.

RITE OF PASSAGE Funerals, burials are taking on new forms

“More personalization.” That was the quick response of to include a request that “in lieu of flowers” a donation be made to a particular charity in memory of the deceased. Danny Faulkner, director of sales for the funeral home who has been in the industry for industry has changed in recent years. 35 years, said he has noticed a change in the way the memorial services are conducted now. unerals and burials, he said, can even the reality of death,” he said. “People are more “There’s more of a celebration of life; it’s more be thematic — showing the deceased receptive to ministry.” uplifting.” F person’s favored hobby such as golf or a While these two longtime professionals casket in the colors of a sports team. TRADITIONS have seen changes over the years, they said it is still common for families to request traditional And there are other changes, he added. Food is still a big way of expressing sympa- funerals and burials — though an increasing For example, many families seem more com- thy and sharing grief, at least in Northeast number turns to cremation. fortable than in the past in admitting the lack Georgia, said Wetzel. Ministers echo that as the most noticeable of any church connection. “We had a family here recently — they shift in the funerals they conduct. “People are more likely to tell us, ‘We could have fed 500 people,” he said. “It’s a way don’t go to church.’” of saying, ‘I’m sorry.’ It’s the same way with For those open to spiritual support, how- flowers.” COLUMBARIA ever, Wetzel said funeral homes connect the While floral arrangements still play a It is no longer unusual to find a columbarium families with local ministers. major role in many funerals, he added that in a courtyard outside a Baptist church. It’s “Most people’s hearts are more open at it is more common now for announcements the modern-day version of the church

32 | Feature October 2015 cemetery — requiring much less acreage and “It’s a sort of urban version of having Food always is an important part of the maintenance. the cemetery near the church, long the norm grieving, celebrating experience, he said. Yet it provides a memorial space for fami- in rural settings,” he said. “I find having the “After a funeral, it’s always a tradition to lies and friends to remember and celebrate the departed faithful interred nearby keeps their have a memorial meal at a Chinese restaurant lives of those they love. memory and influence alive in the congrega- to continue remembering the deceased, but it “If a church is going to get into the tion in a way a distant cemetery cannot.” is more of a gathering of reminiscing with old cemetery business,” Faulkner advised, friends and family members,” he said. “It’s a “a columbarium is the way to go.” TRENDS proper way of affirming the truth that life is It can be relocated along with the church, still before us as we grieve over a loved one.” There are other trends ministers have noticed he said, should that ever happen. In a Chinese-American funeral, he added, about the funerals they conduct. Decades ago, when Faulker got into the the family prepares two kinds of small pack- Craig Sherouse, pastor of Second Baptist business, cremation was almost “non-existent,” ages or envelopes. One is white and contains a Church of Richmond, Va., said technology — he said. piece of hard candy and a coin (25 cents). The such as video and PowerPoint — is being used “It was thought of as a poor person’s alter- other is red with another coin. more widely now to commemorate someone’s native,” he said. “Now it’s a preferred choice “The white one symbolizes that one has life during the visitation or reception. for some people.” come to a bitter event and the family is bless- When it comes to funerals, however, the While some request the scattering of ashes ing the visitor at the end of the service with spoken word has not given way, he added. in the ocean or woods, many families want something sweet to remind them that life is There is a trend, he said, toward “much longer a more specific place of remembrance and a good,” said Ng. “The red one symbolizes good and multiple eulogies” — with the “eulogy record of the person’s life. A columbarium pro- fortune and happiness for the visitor’s life. It’s becoming more important than a sermonic wit- vides such space — as do cremation benches traditional that one takes these coins to pur- ness to the resurrection.” and “scattering gardens” in a cemetery, said chase something to eat on the way home.” Another trend has to with scheduling Faulkner. times for the family to receive guests. “The pattern of having a separate MINISTRY CREMATION visitation the night before the funeral seldom Sarah Jackson Shelton said the intensity of “There’s a definite trend from our largely takes place,” said pastor Dennis Johnson of death allows for ministers to build trust with English-speaking members to have cremation Charleston Baptist Temple in West Virginia, those who grieve. As a result, “often family rather than burial,” said Don Ng, pastor of who retires Nov. 1 after 43 years of pastoral ‘secrets’ are told that bring insight a pastor First Chinese Baptist Church of San Francisco. ministry and hundreds of funerals. “Much ear- would never have otherwise.” “Some of this is based on cost-saving, but I lier the visitation may have been two nights.” These revelations, she said, “open oppor- think there’s a greater understanding that in Funerals he has conducted in recent years, tunities for storytelling and remembering with God’s wondrous grace and power the prom- he added, are more often scheduled on Saturday humor.” ise of bodily resurrection can still happen in rather than a weekday and are more likely held Bob Setzer agrees: “One of the amazing cremation.” at the church than in a funeral home. things about meeting with a family to plan for The shift from traditional burials to Sarah Jackson Shelton, pastor of Baptist a funeral is hearing all the wonderful stories cremation allows families more flexibility Church of the Covenant in Birmingham, Ala., that pour out, if the minister simply creates in scheduling memorial services, said Jason has observed another shift as well. the space for the telling and hearing of such Coker, pastor of Wilton Baptist Church in “One of the things our families like to do stories.” Wilton, Conn. is have the graveside service first,” she said. “We Helping church members plan their “I think cremation has become more gather at the grave and hear words of hope. funerals in advance — “as a reflection of popular because of the transient nature of our Then we come to the church for a meal and their faith and last wishes for the celebration society,” he said. “Fewer people stay in the walk into the sanctuary for a memorial service. of their life” — is a ministry privilege, said towns and cities in which they were raised. This allows the family to leave having been sur- Dennis Johnson. In many ways, this is changing the nature of rounded by their family of faith and with the And ministry to non-church members home and belonging and even origin.” praise of God in their hearts.” opens as well when a loved one dies, said Don Cremation doesn’t necessitate a final place Ng. of burial, he added, which gives the family CELEBRATIONS “People may never step over the church’s options for a future resting place. “Our funeral services are designed for the threshold for Sunday worship but they would “Cremation has become the norm dur- living to celebrate a deceased loved one who come for a funeral or a memorial,” said Ng. ing my 30 years of pastoral ministry in the has made a difference in our lives and in the “This is an opportunity to proclaim God’s southeast,” said Bob Setzer, who served world,” said Don Ng of his Asian-American love and power and not a time to scold or pass churches in Virginia and Georgia before going congregation that dates back to 1880. “We down judgment.” to Knollwood Baptist Church in Winston- sing hymns of joy, show slideshows, and I In a large city such as San Francisco, he Salem, N.C., which has a memorial garden for always strive to put the loved ones as par- added, the minister is not seen as “the village cremains. ticipants in God’s overall plan for us, even parson” as in some small towns. Setzer said the sacred space allows with those who are not necessarily professed “But he or she can still become in the eyes bereaved families a place for grieving, reflect- Christians. God’s work is beyond even our of people a spiritual leader,” said Ng. “And in ing, remembering and thanksgiving. own understanding.” times of crisis, everyone believes in God!”

October 2015 Feature | 33 PRESENCE That ministry presence can continue, he Sarah Jackson Shelton always stands at said, by staying in contact with and sending the church door following a memorial service A minister’s caring presence, more than well- grief materials to the bereaved throughout the to offer condolences to those who attended. crafted words, provides the best ministry, said year following a death. She asks how they knew the deceased or the Jason Coker. He learned that lesson long ago. deceased’s family. “When I was a college student and felt STORIES One man responded that he did not like God was calling me into the ministry, a know anyone involved in the funeral. While funerals are serious business, they do leading church member died,” he recalled. “I “He had just heard that I did a nice bring out the oddities of human behavior. went with our pastor to the family’s home. funeral and he came to hear me,” she said. “As Therefore, ministers and funeral professionals “When we arrived I asked, ‘Brother Bob, if this wasn’t strange enough … another person have their memorable stories — some they are what do you do? What do you say?’ Brother said the same thing!” Bob gently patted me on my shoulder and willing to share. just told me to watch him. We both knew and Dennis Johnson, a flatlander from loved this family. Chicago, conducted one of his first funerals CAN’T TAKE IT WITH YOU “Brother Bob walked into the house, after moving to West Virginia that required Kevin Wetzel said funeral directors get all walked over to the widow, and hugged her. traveling a winding mountain road and then kinds of requests. He’s seen a person buried They both cried a little. I think he said a short physically hauling the casket up a muddy hill- in a mink coat and with thousands of dollars prayer. Then he walked over to the sink and side to the burial site. worth of jewelry. began to wash the dishes. In times of crisis, One family member, he noted, asked that He’s also had staff dig up a casket because a helpful non-anxious presence can sustain a the casket be opened for a final photo. The the family decided some valuable jewelry family in mourning.” new pastor seemed to be the only one who should have been removed. Craig Sherouse shares that perspective on found this strange. Then there was the family dilemma the pastor’s primary role at such a time. When the body was finally interred and caused by a wealthy man’s request that he “Pastors have the incarnational opportu- the slippery climb down the hill began, there be buried with $10,000 in his casket. Going nity to walk with families through the valley was repeated gunshot nearby. against his wishes as well as burying such a of the shadow of death,” he said. “We are “Is it hunting season?” Johnson asked the large amount of money seemed unwise to his there to be the presence of Christ, to weep and funeral director. “No,” he replied. relatives. laugh and remember together. We are to be a “I thought, ‘Lord, where have you A solution was finally determined: They non-anxious presence amid some of a family’s brought me?’ Welcome to wild, wonderful buried the man with $10,000 as he requested. greatest anxieties.” West Virginia!” All he has to do now is cash that check. BT

34 | Feature October 2015 Good reading from Faith BOOKS

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PRAYER 365 I PROMISE! REJOICE. MORNING By Michael Ruffin By Carol Boseman CONVERSATIONS This book of prayers is Taylor By Jon R. Roebuck a collection of Ruffin’s For 30 years Carol This unique devo- daily offerings to God, Taylor recorded her tional book offers an shared not as a model prayer requests in inspirational thought of how to pray but to journals. About 10 from every chapter of enlarge on the sense of years ago, however, the New Testament, Christian community $16.00 pb she realized that she $16.00 pb intended to draw $16.00 pb found in the common- $9.99 ebook had been doing too $9.99 ebook readers into a morn- $9.99 ebook ality of human experi- much of the talking conversation with ences. The prayers are divided into sec- ing and decided to listen and have God the God who calls each person into an tions by days of the week, beginning with tell her what to do instead. So, after her intimate, loving and transformative re- 52 prayers for Sunday, then moving to 52 daily Bible readings, she began sitting in lationship. From Matthew to Revelation, prayers for Monday and so on throughout quiet reflection and seeking what God Morning Conversations provides a brief, the week. So, readers can begin using the was offering to her. This new journaling daily insight into God’s living word. Read- prayers at any time during the year. approach resulted in eight years of writers will be led to explore, dig deeply and ing that filled a notebook from which she reflect on the words that God longs to REFRESH: has published reflections for each day in share. Take a moment and let the conver- A MOMENT WITH a year. sation begin. Listen. Learn. Rejoice. GOD IN THE MIDDLE OF YOUR DAY CHRISTMAS: THEN By Blake McKinney AND NOW Believing that God By Jon R. Roebuck intends for our faith to Without exception, intersect with our people in the pew everyday life, McKin- $16.00 pb have heard the story ney offers devotional $9.99 ebook of Mary, Joseph and readings to help fa- the child in the man- cilitate that contact. He suggests reading ger. So how do we $16.00 pb one of the passages each weekday, in the make the message of $9.99 ebook middle of the day, in the middle of nor- Christmas relevant, mal activities so as to experience a divine new and exciting, season after season? interruption in the midst of the real In this collection of 25 original stories, world; an interruption that can provide with settings varying from centuries ago refreshment for the soul and a reminder to modern life, Jon Roebuck offers a fresh of God’s presence working to make an look at God’s unfolding plan of redemp- impact on our daily living. tion and grace offered through the child born at Christmas. Order now at nurturingfaith.net +% &&$#' 4.&5.$, Baptist News Global

‘Mission tourism’ Critics say popular approach to short-term trips doesn’t meet needs

currently being implemented, they often do going to South Africa this year, Peru next year not lead to changed lives,” Ellis explained. and somewhere else the year after that and the tourism. Vacationary. These “Research suggests that participants do not year after that. We’re going back to the same descriptors are frequently sense increased vocational calling, increased place over and over and over again, seeing and invoked to characterize and connection to mission at one’s home or creating relationships with folks who are on increased connection to the global missions the ground and sharing life with them as much critique a misguided (west- movement. This lack of ‘changed life’ is often as we can.” ern) approach to missions connected to three main factors: lack of in- The idea is to make a real difference. depth training of participants, learning transfer “We tell our congregations that short- — an approach that many or the incongruity of the international STM term mission is not about creating change. It’s say encourages an unhealthy experience with one’s home life and a lack of not about saving the world. It’s not about a dependency and paternalism. skilled STM facilitators. whole bunch of these narratives that we like to “Grounding the [short-term mission] use to drive the mission movement,” he said. trip in a correct understanding of the Missio “Rather, a short-term mission is a moment in ontrary to popular belief, most Dei — the mission of God — poverty and time that we are privileged to have that forces missions trips and service proj- power as well as global Christianity changes us to ask the question: ‘How is it that we can “C ects do not: empower those the narrative of the trip and forces participants truly help both make a difference in the places being served, engender healthy cross-cultural to put the trip into proper perspective, allow- that we’re partnering as well as learn from what relationships, improve quality of life, relieve ing it to shape their lives when they arrive our South African friends have to teach us?’” poverty, change the lives of participants [or] home,” he said. “Focusing on the practical To prepare his church members for a trip, increase support for long-term missions work,” cross-cultural aspects decreases the likelihood Ellis leads a five-session discussion and study Robert Lupton wrote in his 2011 book Toxic that participants will do irreparable harm to on the mission of God, global Christianity, Charity. local ministries and can give proper perspective the history of South Africa and the current When it comes to most popular on one’s home culture and how to engage it challenges that the post-apartheid “Rainbow approaches to short-term missions, Chris Ellis appropriately.” Nation” faces. Participants also spend time agrees. getting an advance glimpse of the work being Ellis, who serves as minister of mission Be aware of limitations done by the network’s partners in South Africa and outreach at Second Baptist Church in Together, Ellis and the leaders of the South and receiving a devotional guide that begins downtown Little Rock, Ark., has lived and Africa Ministry Network are offering a reimag- a week prior to their departure. While on the studied the subject extensively as a key leader ined model for short-term missions. trip, participants take part in nightly debrief- in and co-founder of the South Africa Ministry “The South Africa Ministry Network is ings — opportunities to reflect on God’s work Network. It is a consortium of Cooperative trying to embed the short-term mission trip in in the world and their place in it. Baptist Fellowship congregations launched a much larger narrative,” Ellis said. “We’re not Stephen Cook, pastor of Second Baptist in 2009 to work with and support CBF field Church in Memphis, Tenn., a member con- personnel who serve and partner with local gregation of the network, says the consortium ministries in South Africa. “We are pilgrims and we of CBF churches knows its role is to take part “Short-term missions often do more harm assume a ‘pilgrim posture’ as together in the renewal of God’s world. than good, especially when the primary pur- “We know we are not going to ‘fix’ pose of the trip is the fulfillment of the trip we approach these experiences. anything,” he said. “We are going [on these itself,” Ellis said. The pilgrim is one who is ready short-term trips] to come alongside of and be With more than 1.6 million Americans 18 involved with what God is doing in that part and older going on a short-term mission trip to be present, who is ready to of the world.” each year, Ellis, whose recent doctoral disserta- listen and who is ready to notice It’s just as important to know what is and tion is titled “Short-Term Missions — Long isn’t possible on such trips. Term Change,” wishes to see the practice made where, how and with whom “We know our limitations and that we as “missiologically sound” as possible for both cannot and should not be responsible for participants and those receiving teams. determining outcomes,” he said. “We invest “As STM (short-term mission) trips are the time, resources and energy we do in order

36 | Feature October 2015 “As Christians we have a responsibility to demonstrate that our mission activity isn’t just for our own (western) kicks that works for our convenience and purposes.”

— RYAN CLARK to participate in that which is larger than also hosts a medical clinic, preschool, kids club ourselves.” and after-school programs for its impoverished community. Doing good work The network led a group of more than 70 Cook has embraced the call of South African Baptists in July on a week-long mission experi- theologian and pastor Trevor Hudson to make ence in Johannesburg as well as at mission sites “pilgrimages of pain and hope.” 250 miles southeast in the Winterton area of “The essence of these pilgrimages of pain the KwaZulu-Natal province, a rural region and hope is that we are not tourists who set heavily impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. out to see the sights of the places we visit,” The hands-on trip culminated with the group Cook said. “Instead, we are pilgrims and we taking part in the 21st Baptist World Congress assume a ‘pilgrim posture’ as we approach in Durban, South Africa, the global gathering these experiences. The pilgrim is one who is of the Baptist World Alliance. ready to be present, who is ready to listen and who is ready to notice where, how and with Avoiding convenience whom God is working.” The network also looks for opportunities to CBF Moderator Matt Cook, who serves as convert mission trip dollars to ongoing sup- pastor of First Baptist Church in Wilmington, port, Matt Cook said, noting that the network N.C., another network member, said short- sets aside a portion of trip costs to help pay term missions offer great potential. for the salaries of part-time care workers of the “We all think that short-term missions are Bophelo Medical Clinic at Refilwe. something that God can use to create a two- “We’ve found that when our members fold blessing for those in South Africa and for go on these trips they make a connection that those travelling to South Africa,” Cook said. leads to ongoing support,” he added. “Over “But it could easily be mission tourism if we and above the trip costs, we’ve had countless didn’t work hard at keeping our focus on how individuals make additional financial con- to make it at least as much of a net positive for tributions to local partners and to CBF field the South Africans as it is for the Americans.” personnel located in South Africa. Going To keep this intentional focus, he notes promotes giving.” that the network strives to offer care for the Ryan Clark, church engagement manager caregivers. for CBF Global Missions, said the missing “We can’t really change the world in a ingredient in many short-term missions has week and we know that,” said Cook, who been the relationship — and not the kind of helped launch the network alongside Ellis relationships where one person or group makes in 2009 while senior pastor of Little Rock’s all the decisions. Second Baptist Church. “What we can do is “What CBF churches in the South Africa try to be a strong wind in the sails of the very Ministry Network have discovered is a beauti- impressive human beings who are doing hard ful balance of power and resources with an eye and good work.” on the long-term transformation of communi- Now in its sixth year, the network has ties,” Clark said. helped provide financial support for four “As Christians we have a responsibility to partner-funded CBF field personnel and made demonstrate that our mission activity isn’t just significant investments in the ministries of the for our own (western) kicks that works for our Refilwe Community Project, a Christian orga- convenience and purposes,” he said. BT nization in Johannesburg that provides a home for orphaned and neglected children as well as — Aaron Weaver is communications manager a baby house for abandoned infants. Refilwe for the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship.

October 2015 Feature | 37 Guest Commentary By Jonathan Merritt, Religion News Service Conservative Christians’ new scare word n the fight over gay rights, conservative Christians to band together and work to exclude Asking the faithful to resist the normaliza- Christians have a new enemy. No, it isn’t a anyone from social structures and institutions. tion of homosexuality is a command framed in Ipolitician or activist or organization. It isn’t a Unlike Paul, when conservative Christians speak the negative. It only communicates what one noun at all, but rather a verb: normalize. of normalizing LGBT people and relationships, does not want to occur. What about the posi- In Albert Mohler’s forthcoming book, We they are using it in a social rather than theologi- tive? If one is resisting normalization, then what Cannot Be Silent: Speaking Truth to a Culture cal sense. is one supporting? Redefining Sex, Marriage, & the Very Meaning Consider the recent decision by the Boy The opposite of normalizing is margin- of Right & Wrong, the president of the flag- Scouts of America to allow gay troop leaders. alizing. It is maligning. It is sidelining. It is ship Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in In 2013, when the BSA was considering the ostracizing. It is banishing. It is shunning. Louisville, Ky., discusses the normalization of change, the Ohio Christian Alliance sent an Make no mistake that this is what is being same-sex relationships a whopping 39 times. email to 40,000 subscribers claiming that pres- called for. To resist the normalization of LGBT “The normalization of homosexual rela- sure was coming from LGBT activists who couples means working to push them to the tionships and the legalization of same-sex “want society to normalize margins, outside of circles of respectability. marriage” is, in Mohler’s words, “the debate of and affirm their behavior.” Is this how we wish to be known — as a greatest intensity of our time.” Originally, conserva- community that forced another community to He is not the only one calling Christians tive Christians cast gay the margins? This is the kind of goal at which if to fight against the normalization of same-sex people as sexual predators you succeed, you also fail. relationships — not by a long shot. and argued that allowing And besides, this behavior is painfully An article by the Ethics and Religious them to be troop leaders shortsighted given the waning influence of Liberty Commission calls believers to “consider would endanger children. Christians in America. If believers think they what is at stake in the movement afoot to nor- But as the public began are becoming a minority group, it does not malize homosexuality.” to see such arguments seem prudent to set a precedent that it is OK to The Family Research Council’s senior for what they were — specious and hurtful — socially marginalize minority groups. vice president argued that the movement of Christian activists started invoking the scary But, of course, Christians need to ask “evangelical advocates” who want to normalize “normalize” instead. themselves not only whether this way of treating same-sex attraction is an “offense to God and Their fear was not that the existence of people is prudent, but also whether it is biblical. the Gospel.” LGBT troop leaders would force conservative I’ve tried to imagine Jesus approving of Pastor and best-selling author John Piper Christians to change their theology, but rather such tactics. Jesus is a man who offers his dis- called the trend “the new calamity” in America. that the shift would cause society to see gay ciples a glimmering gold standard for relating to But where did these Christians get this persons as respectable. Boy Scouts troop leaders others: “Whatever you wish that others would idea? Even if one believes that same-sex relation- are seen as upstanding civic leaders, and this is a do to you, do also to them.” ships do not align with God’s design for human thought that many Christians cannot stand. The most rigid religious leaders in Jesus’ beings, it does not necessarily follow that one The same is true regarding the decision day, like those in ours, complained that offering must work to dispose of those who engage in it. to eliminate the “Don’t Ask/Don’t Tell” policy. outsiders a seat at the table somehow legiti- To normalize means to accept something Conservatives first argued that allowing LGBT mized them. But Jesus didn’t seem to care. He or someone as usual or normal. The word is a persons to serve in the U.S. Army would make kept welcoming them to the table anyway. cousin to the word tolerate. So these Christians soldiers feel uncomfortable and make service- Those the religious leaders rejected, Jesus believe that anything that might communicate men and women less effective. received. Those whom the religious leaders that homosexuality is normal is wrong or evil. When the military studied the issue and pushed to the margins, Jesus welcomed to the Anything that would increase tolerance of demonstrated this was not a risk, these indi- center. Jesus was focused on building bridges homosexual relationships should be resisted. viduals reverted to their favorite scare word. while the religious leaders were focused on Many of these Christians root their think- Again, their fear was not theological, but social. building barriers. ing in the belief that the Apostle Paul called Military people are given respect, and this is Some things never change. It is time for same-sex relations “unnatural” in his epistle something that conservative Christians do not the faithful to set aside the scare words, take the to the Romans. Whatever Paul means to com- want bestowed on people they consider to be long view, look our neighbors in the eye and municate with that word, he is not instructing abominations before God. walk the way of Jesus. BT

38 Guest Commentary By Tom Krattenmaker, Religion News Service How to win gay rights with patience and grace

The gay rights movement and restrictions on their rights as bakers or pho- good sense in spending one’s money at busi- tographers or whatever, a few Christians nesses run by people of a non-discriminatory those of us who support it working in government continue to defy the bent — businesses that deserve the opportu- have a decision to make now law. Two clerks in Kentucky are resisting the nity to serve and profit. Supreme Court ruling, and similar efforts are Sarah Warbelow, legal director of the that the Supreme Court has ongoing in Alabama and Tennessee. Human Rights Campaign, told me that her These are matters of organization does not support the practice ruled and same-sex marriage law and policy. Everyday — one that is actually rare, she said — of tar- is the law of the land. decisions and conduct geting businesses that oppose gay marriage for are another matter — an the sake of making a point and pressing the ne possible course of action: a mop- area where a little finesse principle. up operation whereby the victorious might sometimes be “We are not in favor of baiting,” Oforces seek out and eliminate the advisable. Unless the no- Warbelow said. “I think our society is in a holdouts, such as conservative Christian bak- gays florists are the only moment of change. There’s something to be ers who refuse to bake for wedding-bound game in town, which said for having patience and grace with one gay people. Another course of action — call it they might be in smaller another.” That doesn’t mean we don’t need “live and let live” — suggests a more finessed or more conservative communities, it is more laws against discrimination, Warbelow said. approach, one by which same-sex couples take sensible for multiple reasons to find another But it does argue against “going in just to their business elsewhere when that is a practi- service provider — a business that would be mess with someone.” cal option, as it so often is. delighted to have the opportunity and is In his dissent in the same-sex marriage Here’s a vote for the latter. worthy of the fee. decision, Chief Justice John Roberts warns It’s entirely understandable if some les- C.J. Prince, executive director of North that hard questions lie ahead in the aftermath bian, gay, bisexual and transgender people and Jersey Pride, has stated that she would wel- of the court’s ruling. Yes, they do. But let’s not their supporters are not ready for the more come the posting of signs in the windows of make this situation harder than it needs to be. peaceable route. Given the treatment LGBT businesses that have a “no gays” preference In the many instances where the no-gay folks have received from some conservative — so she can shop at their competitors “and die-hards are not the only game in town, steer Christians over the decades, retribution might proudly put my money where my allies are.” clear is the way to go. Whether it is done out be too tantalizing to resist. She goes on to argue in her much-discussed of spite or crazy kindness, as an informal boy- So, too, must we acknowledge the impor- Huffington Post piece, “I do not want to order cott or an extension of grace, the way to treat tance of the principle of non-discrimination. a wedding cake from a bakery owned by a guy them may be as simple as: Laws and policies that militate against unequal who thinks I’m going to hell. I have no desire Leave them alone. BT treatment of people on the basis of gender and to purchase bouquets from a florist who pick- sexual identity should, if anything, be strength- ets pride parades.” —Tom Krattenmaker is a writer specializing ened. In a similar vein, the instruments of law Window signs are not the way to accom- in religion in public life, a member of the and government, such as county clerks in the plish this. They evoke too much painful USA Today Board of Contributors, and com- position to dispense marriage licenses, should history, and there are other, less crude ways by munications director at Yale Divinity School. not be allowed to say “no” to a couple because which people in a given community develop a His most recent book is The Evangelicals they disapprove. Religious freedom goes far in sense of who’s in and who’s out when it comes You Don’t Know: Introducing the Next this country, but not that far. to serving LGBT customers. Generation of Christians. This column first And even as Christians complain about But Prince makes a valid point about the appeared in USA Today.

“There’s something to be said for having patience and grace with one another.”

39 ‘Why do you ask for ﬁnancial support?’

By John Pierce, I always enjoy reading Baptists Today, and hang on to [the Executive Editor issues] for Bible study ideas and for personal devotion. The stories are wonderful and informative, and I use the magazine Baptists Today seeks ongoing my church. financial support from those —René Maciel President, Baptist University of the Américas who value its publishing San Antonio, Texas ministry. Occasionally, someone will ask why. Dear friends: Income from subscriptions and advertisements is not sufficient to keep a quality jour- The short answer is that generous giving nal such as Baptists Today going. We also need financial contributions from individuals, is essential — without which we could not churches and organizations who understand the important role Baptists Today plays in continue this mission. upholding the Baptist witness. It’s a matter of math tied to the autonomy We are grateful for those who already contribute, but of this non-profit venture begun more than 30 to keep that witness strong and viable, we need more. So, I’m years ago by those committed to the publica- boldly asking you to partner with us by making regular contribution of news, opinions, features and resources tions to Baptists Today. not inhibited by denominational structures. You can make your gifts by check, or give online, or set up That is, the freedom to fulfill our mission is a recurring donation. also what makes us fragile without the gener- I’ve set up a monthly contribution using my credit card. It ous support of our friends. feels good to know that while I’m supporting a resource I believe Unlike denomination-owned publica- in I’m picking up some airline miles to boot! tions, this autonomous publishing ministry is Will you consider making faithful gifts as well? Your gen- not underwritten with large mission gifts. In erosity would make an amazing difference as we seek to provide the kind of quality fact, revenues from subscription and advertis- publication that Baptists need and deserve. Thank you! ing, along with much-appreciated partnership funding, cover about half of the cost of opera- —Tony Cartledge tions — although the organization is lean and Contributing Editor and Bible Study Writer efficient. [email protected] Gifts from friends are not mere icing on the cake — they are the batter that matters. Without generous support from individuals Dear readers: and churches we simply could not carry out This year we have been working as volunteers to improve the financial status of Baptists this mission alone. Today. This publication depends upon donor generosity. So a big THANKS! to those who share in In addition to regular operating funds, we are seeking this ministry … and a sincere appeal to others to join us in this venture through regular gifts substantially increase the endowment. We have written letters, to Baptists Today. made phone calls and traveled widely. My preference is to work with words The great reward for us has been the opportunity to meet rather than numbers. But recently a friend many extraordinary people who read and contribute to Baptists showed how the ministry of Baptists Today Today. could become very stable if just 250 of its Some of you get your monthly copy at church through thousands of faithful readers would make - consistent gifts — monthly or annually. sider the great value of Baptists Today/Nurturing Faith and know that The form across the page is a good starting we need your pledges and gifts. Thank you! place. Or email me at jpierce@baptiststoday. —Mary Etta and Drayton Sanders org or call me at (478) 301-5655 to discuss Volunteer Campaign Co-chairs how your support can make a vital difference in [email protected] / (706) 278-1172 this important work. Thank you! [email protected] / (706) 226-2349

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Straightening Randall Lolley

Every other day or so I have to started his career decades earlier as a recent He parks the station wagon at the parson- seminary graduate serving as a two-year assis- age, where members of the church have gathered straighten out Randall Lolley. tant pastor at First Baptist, while living in to welcome the family. After exchanging greet- church housing — a program that served as a ings, he says good-bye to his family and, giddy ast May, on “Heritage Sunday,” we relo- foundation for the pastoral residency with excitement, he rushes across the street cated and re-opened our Pastors’ Gallery to scope out his new church. L outside the pastor’s study. The The very first place he goes is to the gallery features portraits of the five wall of pastor portraits. He pauses. You pastors who have served First Baptist can imagine his thoughts as he examines Church of Greensboro, N.C., over the closely all those who have gone before last century. him and feels the inspiration of their I don’t know if it’s something legacy. about the hardware on the frame, or if In his preaching, leadership and care it’s the location of the air conditioner, for so many, Dr. Lolley cemented a last- or if it’s some tireless prankster who ing legacy that extends to this day. He sneaks into the church overnight, but was a pastor who walked beside more several times a week as I walk to and than ahead and sought to encourage the from my office I notice that Randall — church to see itself the way he could see or his portrait, I should say — is just a it. bit crooked. As he said toward the end of his So it has become a regular practice tenure, “Lay-led congregations, in my for me to straighten Dr. Lolley’s portrait. judgment, are always stronger. I just This occasional chore has become don’t buy into pastoral authority. I something of a ritual. It reminds me of don’t think it’s right. The last time one who has lived so faithfully — fol- Jesus was seen, he was a shepherd of lowing in the way of Christ with such sheep, not a cowboy rounding up integrity and grace. cattle” (from In Every Good Work by Having only known him by reputa- Scott Culclasure). tion and legacy before coming to First I hope the portrait stays crooked. Because Baptist, it has been my pleasure to come to begun recently in our church. his is a spirit and style I need to come face-to- know Dr. Lolley as a friend and encourager Appreciation for Dr. Lolley is widespread face with again and again. BT over the last two years. On our first meeting at and we have an opportunity to pay tribute to his home in Raleigh, he lovingly grasped my his leadership and preaching, while also sup- —Alan Sherouse is pastor of arm and held it at the moment we met, and I porting two organizations close to his heart First Baptist Church of Greensboro, N.C. could sense the warmth and pastoral presence and the heart of our church: Baptists Today and This column he wrote for the church newsletter that had been described so glowingly. As we the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of North is reprinted with permission. have spoken further, I’ve also benefited from Carolina. the wisdom that exists in his deep well about A forthcoming volume of sermons that faith, church and the community. Dr. Lolley preached at First Baptist will benefit Persons making sponsoring gifts of $100 After a successful career that included both Baptists Today and CBFNC’s Lolley Fund (received by Oct. 15) will be listed in the the presidency of Southeastern Seminary, Dr. for Theological Education. I hope you will book and receive a copy upon publication Lolley closed his full-time ministry with a six- support the publication of this book. by Nurturing Faith. Gifts made be made year tenure at First Baptist. The church needed The film, Blood Done Sign My Name, tells by check to Baptists Today, P.O. Box 6318, his wisdom, his leadership and the warmth the story of Vernon Tyson — another legend- Macon, GA 31208-6318 or online at bap- that grabs hold of you from the moment you ary North Carolina minister — who served as tiststoday.org/donate. Please indicate the gift meet him. a pastor in Oxford, N.C., in the midst of racial is for the “Lolley book” and give the name(s) It was all the more powerful that such tension in the 1970s. At the start of the film, a as you wish it/them to be listed in the book. critical leadership came from one who had young Tyson is moving his family to Oxford.

History provides a lens for Baptists to view issues today

ILLIAMSBURG, Va. — “If you wanted to visit the Baptist preacher have never been taught, that their in Colonial Williamsburg, this is W heritage includes a foundational where you came. We jailed those people!” So said the period-dressed interpreter who showed us the jail cells where Baptist preachers such as Lewis Craig and Benjamin Waller were interred because they were not officially licensed Church, founded in 1776, led a tour of their by the Anglican Church. There they preached building. through the cell window grates for 43 days until Participants were confronted with the per- their release. sonal challenges faced by 17th and 18th century Many Baptists have forgotten, or have Baptists in America. never been taught, that their heritage includes a to learn about early life in America, including the “While we are all taught history, the stories foundational belief in the strict separation of the made the struggles personal,” said Brenda Sholar institutions of church and state. from Open Arms Fellowship in Creedmore, The Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of N.C. North Carolina made an effort to remind three-hour privately guided tour focused on the Gail Coulter of Providence Baptist in Baptists of their roots through the first “Baptist religious life of the Colonial era. Hendersonville, N.C., said the tour was “a rich Ideals Tour” to Colonial Williamsburg in After a tavern lunch, the group heard an opportunity to explore the meaning and value of August. interpreter perform Gowan Pamphlet, a slave religious liberty that has come even freshly to us Participants commented: “This is a very who became the second pastor of the African today and do it in a vibrant, relational location timely topic in light of today’s politics.” “Many Baptist Church (later renamed First Baptist and experience.” folks have no concept of this or simply consider Church of Williamsburg). Indeed the Baptists of the past have impor- it a side item.” “Knowing the history gives us a One afternoon Jennifer Hawks, staff tant lessons for Baptists today. BT lens to filter issues we face today.” counsel with the Baptist Joint Committee for At Williamsburg Baptist Church we walked Religious Liberty, presented the results of the —Rick Jordan is church resources coordinator through a timeline of Baptists in Virginia from latest Supreme Court cases regarding church- for the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of 1689 to 1789. Each morning began with a state separation. Lay members of First Baptist North Carolina. Be A Part Of It! Lolley’s ‘review of the biblical landscape’ to be published by Nurturing Faith

A collection of sermons in which Randall Lolley preached through the Bible will beneﬁt Baptists Today/Nurturing Faith and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship of North Carolina’s Lolley Fund for Theological Education.

Persons making sponsoring gifts of $100 (received by Oct. 15) will have their names listed in the book and will receive a signed copy upon publication. Gifts may be made by check to Baptists Today, P.O. Box 6318, Macon, GA 31208-6318 or online at baptiststoday.org/ donate. Please indicate that the gift is for the Lolley book.

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