THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY
VOLUME CIII
THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA 19107 1979
CONTENTS
ARTICLES Page
Nicholas Biddle in Europe, 1804-1807 Anne Felicity Woodhouse 3 William Bainbridge and the Barron-Decatur Duel: Mere Participant or Active Plotter? David F. Long 34 Frederic Huidekoper (1817-1892): Philanthropist, Scholar, and Teacher Bruce M. Stephens 53 "The Shallow Boast of Cheapness": Public School Teaching as a Profession in Philadelphia, 1865-1890 Richard B. Fishbane 66 The Diary of Samuel Breck, 1823-1840 Nicholas B. Wainwright 85, 222, 356, 497
William Dunlap, Colonial Printer, Journalist and Minister Mary D. Turnbull 143 Palliative for Players: The Lecture on Heads Kurt L. Garrett 166 James E. Harvey and the Secession Crisis Daniel W. Crofts 177 Philadelphia's Catholic Herald: The Civil War Years Joseph George, Jr. 196 Thomas Wren: Ministering Angel of Forton Prison Sheldon S. Cohen 279 Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional Wart Neil L. York 302 Dr. James Durham, Mysterious Eighteenth-Century Black Physician, Man or Myth? Charles E. Wynes 325 The Hornet's Nest at Harrisburg: A Study of the Pennsylvania Legislature in the Late 1870s Robert Harrison 334 Dr. Shenk's Missing Series of the Pennsylvania Archives Roland M. Baumann 415 The Trials of John Fries Jane Shaffer Elsmere 432 The Making of a Progressive Engineer: Frederick W. Taylor Daniel Nelson 446 Philanthropy and Black Public Education in Delaware, 1918-1030 Robert J. Taggert 467
Walking with the Lord: Rachel Bahn Timothy J. Lockyer 484
REVIEWS 114, 252, 383, 528
INDEX SS3 iii
THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA
OFFICERS
President HAROLD D. SAYLOR
Vice-Presidents THOMAS C. COCHRAN CAROLINE ROBBINS ALLYN R. BELL, JR.
Secretary HOWARD H. LEWIS
Treasurer GEORGE E. NEHRBAS
Counsel HENRY N. PLATT
Councilors CHARLES L. BLOCKSON WILLIAM L. GRALA NATHANIEL BURT MRS. F. OTTO HAAS GEORGE A. BUTLER PHILIP KLEIN JOHN CADWALADER FRANK P. LOUCHHEIM D. HUGHES CAUFFMAN FRANK C. P. MCGLINN GEORGE W. CONNELL IV MRS. SAM S. MCKEEL ROBERT W. CRAWFORD CHARLES E. MATHER III MRS. JOHN H. CURTIS WILLIAM D. RAVDIN RICHARD S. DUNN A. ADDISON ROBERTS EDWARD J. DWYER GEORGE X. SCHWARTZ MRS. KENNETH GEMMILL ISADORE M. SCOTT
E. NEWBOLD SMITH
v STANDING COMMITTEES
Committee on Finance
WM. RICHARD GORDON, Chairman GEORGE W. CONNELL IV
GEORGE E. NEHRBAS CHARLES E. MATHER III
GEORGE A. BUTLER ALLYN R. BELL, JR.
Committee on Library and Collections
NATHANIEL BURT, Chairman CHARLES L. BLOCKSON
FRANK C. P. MCGLINN E. NEWBOLD SMITH MRS. JOHN H. CURTIS
Committee on Hall and Buildings
D. HUGHES CAUFFMAN, Chairman WILLIAM D. RAVDIN
MRS. F. OTTO HAAS ISADORE M. SCOTT
Committee on Membership and Activities
JOHN CADWALADER, Chairman CHARLES E. MATHER III
GEORGE A. BUTLER FRANK P. LOUCHHEIM
MRS. KENNETH GEMMILL EDWARD J. DWYER
Committee on Nominations
PHILIP KLEIN, Chairman A. ADDISON ROBERTS
WILLIAM L. GRALA MRS. SAM S. MCKEEL HOWARD H. LEWIS
Committee on Publications
THOMAS C. COCHRAN, Chairman E. P. RICHARDSON
CAROLINE ROBBINS RICHARD S. DUNN
NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT vi STAFF
NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT, Director Emeritus and Editor
JAMES E. MOONEY, Director NANCY L. M. ROBERTSHAW, Assistant to the Director
Reading Room JOHN H. PLATT, JR., Librarian WALDO A. TULK
PHYLLIS ANN K. BRATTON MAXINE BRENNAN
Manuscript Department PETER J. PARKER, Head DIANE M. TELIAN
LINDA STANLEY MARC S. GALLICCHIO
Catalogue Department CAROLYN JONES GLENYS A. WALDMAN NANCY J. HALLI JANIS PUGH
Photo-reproduction Department Louis W. MEEHAN
Conservation Department
HOLLY MAXSON
Treasurer's Office PATRICIA H. BULLOCK, Assistant to the Treasurer GAIL KIRCHNER
Membership and Museum
DARTHE C. HAUCK
Maintenance Staff
ALBERT W. STEELE MARGARET FREELAND
CHARLES COLEMAN
vii
THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY
VOLUME CIII January, 1979 NO.I
Publications Committee
THOMAS C. COCHRAN CAROLINE ROBBINS E. P. RICHARDSON RICHARD S. DUNN NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT
&
Editor
NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Contributors
ANNE FELICITY WOODHOUSE received her doctorate in European cultural history from Stanford University and has recently completed the joint Winterthur Museum—University of Delaware program in Early American Culture.
DAVID F. LONG, Professor of History at the University of New Hampshire, specializes in both the history of United States foreign relations and early United States naval history. He is the author of a biography of Commodore David Porter and of a forthcoming biography of Commodore William Bainbridge. At present he is completing his research on a life of Commodore James Biddle.
BRUCE M. STEPHENS is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the Delaware County Campus of the Pennsylvania State University. A Drew University Ph.D., he concerns himself with American religious life and thought, especially late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century American Protestantism.
RICHARD B. FISHBANE, a Ph.D. candidate in American educational history at the University of Pennsylvania, serves as part-time Instructor at the University, teaching a course in the Social Foundations of Education.
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