THE Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY

VOLUME CIII

THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA 1300 LOCUST STREET, 19107 1979

CONTENTS

ARTICLES Page

Nicholas Biddle in Europe, 1804-1807 Anne Felicity Woodhouse 3 William Bainbridge and the Barron-Decatur Duel: Mere Participant or Active Plotter? David F. Long 34 Frederic Huidekoper (1817-1892): Philanthropist, Scholar, and Teacher Bruce M. Stephens 53 "The Shallow Boast of Cheapness": Public School Teaching as a Profession in Philadelphia, 1865-1890 Richard B. Fishbane 66 The Diary of Samuel Breck, 1823-1840 Nicholas B. Wainwright 85, 222, 356, 497

William Dunlap, Colonial Printer, Journalist and Minister Mary D. Turnbull 143 Palliative for Players: The Lecture on Heads Kurt L. Garrett 166 James E. Harvey and the Secession Crisis Daniel W. Crofts 177 Philadelphia's Catholic Herald: The Civil War Years Joseph George, Jr. 196 Thomas Wren: Ministering Angel of Forton Prison Sheldon S. Cohen 279 Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional Wart Neil L. York 302 Dr. James Durham, Mysterious Eighteenth-Century Black Physician, Man or Myth? Charles E. Wynes 325 The Hornet's Nest at Harrisburg: A Study of the Pennsylvania Legislature in the Late 1870s Robert Harrison 334 Dr. Shenk's Missing Series of the Pennsylvania Archives Roland M. Baumann 415 The Trials of John Fries Jane Shaffer Elsmere 432 The Making of a Progressive Engineer: Frederick W. Taylor Daniel Nelson 446 Philanthropy and Black Public Education in Delaware, 1918-1030 Robert J. Taggert 467

Walking with the Lord: Rachel Bahn Timothy J. Lockyer 484

REVIEWS 114, 252, 383, 528

INDEX SS3 iii

THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA

OFFICERS

President HAROLD D. SAYLOR

Vice-Presidents THOMAS C. COCHRAN CAROLINE ROBBINS ALLYN R. BELL, JR.

Secretary HOWARD H. LEWIS

Treasurer GEORGE E. NEHRBAS

Counsel HENRY N. PLATT

Councilors CHARLES L. BLOCKSON WILLIAM L. GRALA NATHANIEL BURT MRS. F. OTTO HAAS GEORGE A. BUTLER PHILIP KLEIN JOHN CADWALADER FRANK P. LOUCHHEIM D. HUGHES CAUFFMAN FRANK C. P. MCGLINN GEORGE W. CONNELL IV MRS. SAM S. MCKEEL ROBERT W. CRAWFORD CHARLES E. MATHER III MRS. JOHN H. CURTIS WILLIAM D. RAVDIN RICHARD S. DUNN A. ADDISON ROBERTS EDWARD J. DWYER GEORGE X. SCHWARTZ MRS. KENNETH GEMMILL ISADORE M. SCOTT

E. NEWBOLD SMITH

v STANDING COMMITTEES

Committee on Finance

WM. RICHARD GORDON, Chairman GEORGE W. CONNELL IV

GEORGE E. NEHRBAS CHARLES E. MATHER III

GEORGE A. BUTLER ALLYN R. BELL, JR.

Committee on Library and Collections

NATHANIEL BURT, Chairman CHARLES L. BLOCKSON

FRANK C. P. MCGLINN E. NEWBOLD SMITH MRS. JOHN H. CURTIS

Committee on Hall and Buildings

D. HUGHES CAUFFMAN, Chairman WILLIAM D. RAVDIN

MRS. F. OTTO HAAS ISADORE M. SCOTT

Committee on Membership and Activities

JOHN CADWALADER, Chairman CHARLES E. MATHER III

GEORGE A. BUTLER FRANK P. LOUCHHEIM

MRS. KENNETH GEMMILL EDWARD J. DWYER

Committee on Nominations

PHILIP KLEIN, Chairman A. ADDISON ROBERTS

WILLIAM L. GRALA MRS. SAM S. MCKEEL HOWARD H. LEWIS

Committee on Publications

THOMAS C. COCHRAN, Chairman E. P. RICHARDSON

CAROLINE ROBBINS RICHARD S. DUNN

NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT vi STAFF

NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT, Director Emeritus and Editor

JAMES E. MOONEY, Director NANCY L. M. ROBERTSHAW, Assistant to the Director

Reading Room JOHN H. PLATT, JR., Librarian WALDO A. TULK

PHYLLIS ANN K. BRATTON MAXINE BRENNAN

Manuscript Department PETER J. PARKER, Head DIANE M. TELIAN

LINDA STANLEY MARC S. GALLICCHIO

Catalogue Department CAROLYN JONES GLENYS A. WALDMAN NANCY J. HALLI JANIS PUGH

Photo-reproduction Department Louis W. MEEHAN

Conservation Department

HOLLY MAXSON

Treasurer's Office PATRICIA H. BULLOCK, Assistant to the Treasurer GAIL KIRCHNER

Membership and Museum

DARTHE C. HAUCK

Maintenance Staff

ALBERT W. STEELE MARGARET FREELAND

CHARLES COLEMAN

vii

THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY

VOLUME CIII January, 1979 NO.I

Publications Committee

THOMAS C. COCHRAN CAROLINE ROBBINS E. P. RICHARDSON RICHARD S. DUNN NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT

&

Editor

NICHOLAS B. WAINWRIGHT Contributors

ANNE FELICITY WOODHOUSE received her doctorate in European cultural history from Stanford University and has recently completed the joint Winterthur Museum—University of Delaware program in Early American Culture.

DAVID F. LONG, Professor of History at the University of New Hampshire, specializes in both the history of foreign relations and early United States naval history. He is the author of a biography of Commodore David Porter and of a forthcoming biography of Commodore William Bainbridge. At present he is completing his research on a life of Commodore .

BRUCE M. STEPHENS is an Assistant Professor of Religious Studies at the Delaware County Campus of the Pennsylvania State University. A Drew University Ph.D., he concerns himself with American religious life and thought, especially late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century American Protestantism.

RICHARD B. FISHBANE, a Ph.D. candidate in American educational history at the University of Pennsylvania, serves as part-time Instructor at the University, teaching a course in the Social Foundations of Education.

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