Unit 15 – Terms and Concepts Irish/BHS Chapters 30 & 31 Spring, 2013 Chapter 31 – A Crisis in Confidence, 1969-1980  Calls for “Hate-Crime” legislation 1. Watergate Break-In and Scandal (Impact on the nation and the public’s  Same-Sex Marriage Debate and Clinton’s Defense of Marriage view of government?) Act in 1996 2. Richard Nixon – Republican (Elected 1968 and Reelected 1972) – 34. Gerald R. Ford and his presidency personality and leadership style? 35. Ford’s pardon of Richard Nixon 3. Henry Kissinger 36. Election of 1976 4. Nixon’s moderation with regards to domestic issues (i.e. the Great  Jimmy Carter (Democrat) Winner! Society, Civil Rights, the Supreme Court)  Gerald Ford (Republican) 5. Chief Justice Warren Burger and the Burger Court 37. Reasons for Carter’s weak leadership and problems governing. 6. Economic issues under Nixon (Causes and Effects) 38. Carter’s “Crisis of Confidence Speech” (pg. 929)  Stagflation 39. Effects of U.S. Retreat from Southeast Asia i. High inflation 40. Turning the Panama Canal over to the Panamanians ii. High unemployment 41. Peace in the Middle East iii. Slow Economic growth  Carter’s mediation between Egypt’s Anwar Sadat and Israel’s 7. Nixon’s “Southern Strategy” – (effects and political shifts) Menachem Begin – Camp David Accords 8. The “Silent Majority” 42. 1979 Iranian Revolution (causes and effects) 9. Vice President Spiro Agnew 43. Iranian Hostage Crisis (causes, effects, and Carter’s failures) 10. Nixon’s foreign policy – détente (effects?) 44. End of détente with the Soviet Union and Reemergence of the Cold War 11. Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) and SALT I agreements  Carter’s emphasis on human rights 12. Nixon’s policy toward Vietnam – “Vietnamization” and the Nixon Doctrine  Failure of SALT II 13. The Pentagon Papers – leaked by Daniel Ellsberg  Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 14. War Powers Act (pg. 929 and 930) 15. Bombing in Camodia and the secret war in Laos 16. Kent State University in Ohio – Anti-War protest and violence 17. End of the Vietnam War 18. Watergate – “the long national nightmare” (Gerald R. Ford) 19. Election of 1972  Richard Nixon (Republican) Reelected!  George McGovern (Democrat) 20. The Watergate Scandal and Nixon’s resignation  Impact on the nation and the political system 21. October War (aka the Yom Kippur War) 22. OPEC and the oil embargo 23. Oil / energy crisis of the 1970s and the impact on the U.S. economy 24. The Environmental Movement through the 1970s (first started in the 1960s when Rachel Carson published “Silent Spring”)  Search of alternative energy sources  First Earth Day – April 22, 1970  Est. of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970  Passage of the Clean Air Act  Opposing political sides with regards to environmentalism and regulations  Alaska Pipeline  Fuel-efficient automobiles 25. Problem of inflation and economic problems 26. Changes in the American economy by the 1970s 27. Growth of the Sunbelt 28. The Changing American Family (causes and effects) 29. Rapid movement of women into the labor force during the 1970s 30. Gains and Setbacks for women during the 1970s 31. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)  Failure to get it ratified  Opposition from conservative groups (i.e. Phyllis Schlafly) 32. Roe v. Wade in 1973 and the abortion debate  Hyde Amendment – 1978  State regulations of abortion 33. Gay Liberation Movement (Gay Rights)  Begins in 1969 with the Stonewall Uprising  AIDS awareness  Clinton’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” policy in the 1990s  Changing attitudes by the 1990s