DOCSLIB.ORG

Policing 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Policing 2020 Policing 2020: Exploring the Future of Crime, Communities, and Policing Edited by Joseph A. Schafer 1 To Ellie & Andrew For whom the future holds unlimited promise. To Harjit Sidhu 7/22/74 – 12/02/86 Whose future was tragically stolen. And to Shelby My past, present, and future. 2 Policing 2020: Exploring the Future of Crime, Communities, and Policing Table of Contents Acknowledgements .............................................................................................5 About the Authors ................................................................................................9 Chapter One Thinking About the Future of Policing Joseph A. Schafer .............................................................................................13 Chapter Two The World of 2020: Demographic Shifts, Cultural Change, and Social Challenge Carl J. Jensen & Bernard H. Levin ....................................................................31 Chapter Three Information Age Technology and Network Centric Policing Thomas J. Cowper ............................................................................................71 Chapter Four Crime in 2020 George Burruss ...............................................................................................104 Chapter Five The Future of Law Enforcement Communications By Susan Braunstein .......................................................................................133 Chapter Six The Patrol Function in the Future – One Vision James A. Conser & Gordon G. Frissora ........................................................173 Chapter Seven The Future of Investigations Alan Youngs ....................................................................................................209 3 Chapter Eight The Future of Law Enforcement Intelligence David L. Carter & Joseph A. Schafer ..............................................................226 Chapter Nine Police Information Management Sean P. Varano, Jeffrey M. Cancino, James Glass, & Roger Enriquez ........257 Chapter Ten Emergency Response Planning: The Practicalities Alan Beckley ....................................................................................................299 Chapter Eleven The Changing Landscape of American Police Organizations Edward R. Maguire & William R. King ............................................................337 Chapter Twelve The Future of Education and Training for Policing Joseph A. Schafer & Sandy Boyd ...................................................................372 Chapter Thirteen Human Capital In Policing: What Works, What Doesn’t Work, What’s Promising? Bernard H. Levin .............................................................................................414 Chapter Fourteen Third-Party Policing: Futures and Evolutions Michael Buerger ..............................................................................................452 Chapter Fifteen From Pyramids to Networks: Police Structure and Leadership in 2020 Richard W. Myers ............................................................................................487 4 Acknowledgements This book is the product of the hard work, dedication, and intellect of a cast of characters who offered their time, energy, and passion in thinking about the future of policing. I approached each contributor with the request to think about a specific dimension of policing and how that dimension will change during the next 15 years. The product is this book—a collection of chapters considering that state of policing in 2020 and how we will arrive at that point in time. All of the contributors freely gave of their time, receiving no compensation other than my thanks and the knowledge that their chapter might influence policing in a positive manner. This book would not have been possible without the many efforts of Supervisory Special Agent Dr. Carl Jensen III (Federal Bureau of Investigation) and Dr. Bernard “Bud” Levin (Blue Ridge Community College and Waynesboro, VA, Police Department). In the summer of 2004, I received a call from Carl and Bud asking me to help bring a “little” project to fruition. Over the past two years, they have provided invaluable insight, guidance, support, and advocacy for this project. Without their vision and hard work, you would not be reading this book. They deserve much of the credit, but none of the blame, for the book’s contents. Carl and Bud have done much to advance futures research in policing and have served as the fearless leaders of the Futures Working Group. I know I speak for my fellow “FWGers” when I thank them for all they have done on our behalf. Further thanks to Dr. John Jarvis (Federal Bureau of Investigation) for patiently and skillfully stewarding this project through the editorial and production processes. Policing 2020 is largely a product of Police Futurist International (PFI) and the Futures Working Group (FWG), a collaborative partnership between PFI and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. PFI was created in 1991 after a decade of work and visionary 5 leadership. Founded by then-Supervisory Special Agent Dr. William Tafoya (FBI), PFI was established to advance the study of how future issues will impact on policing. In the spring of 2002, PFI signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the FBI to create the Futures Working Group. The mission of the FWG is “to develop and encourage others to develop forecasts and strategies to ethically maximize the effectiveness of local, state, federal, and international law enforcement bodies as they strive to maintain peace and security in the 21st century.” As a part of that mission, FWG seeks to create and disseminate knowledge that will enhance the future development of policing. This book is one example of such efforts. My thanks to the FBI for supporting FWG by agreeing to publish this text. I am grateful to Chief Phillip Broadfoot (Danville, VA, Police Department) for the helpful insights he offered during the book’s early stages. Thanks to the members of the FWG for the insights, ideas, energy, and humor they shared throughout the process of developing the book. Special thanks to Jeff Cancino, Beth Huebner, Thomas Martinelli, Sean Varano and William Wells for their years of friendship, support, and collaboration. The chapters were written by a dedicated, hard-working, and patient set of professionals from varied backgrounds. They dedicated long hours, endured my pestering, and produced quality insights, all from the goodness of their hearts. This book was also greatly aided by the efforts of a hard-working set of volunteers who reviewed and commented on early drafts of the manuscript. Some are members of PFI, others are not. Some come from a background in policing, others from academia. Some are long-time associates, others are new friends. All provided valuable insight and input to help the authors develop and effectively deliver their ideas. Thank you for your tireless efforts. Reviewers included: 6 Dr. Sandy Boyd, College of Marin† Dr. Susan Braunstein, Barry University Thomas Cowper, police executive † Dr. Chuck Cychosz, Ames (IA) Police Department Dr. Stephen Hennessey, St. Cloud State University* Dr. Sameer Hinduja, Florida Atlantic University Dr. Beth Huebner, University of Missouri- St. Louis Lt. Geoff Huff, Ames (IA) Police Department Dr. John Jarvis, Federal Bureau of Investigation and Futures Working Group chair† Supervisory Special Agent Dr. Carl Jensen III, Federal Bureau of Investigation and past Futures Working Group chair† Stephanie Kennerley Capt. Gerald Konkler, Tulsa (OK) Police Department (Ret.)* † Dr. Brandon Kooi, Lakeland College Dr. Bernard Levin, Blue Ridge Community College, Waynesboro (VA) Police Department, and Futures Working Group vice-chair† Merle Manzi, Florida Department of Law Enforcement (Ret.) Thomas J. Martinelli, Ferris State University Chief Alberto Melis, Waco (TX) Police Department† Assistant Commissioner R. Earl Moulton, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (Ret.) Chief Richard Myers, Appleton (WI) Police Department*† Dr. Andreas “Olli” Olligschlaeger, TruNorth Data Systems† Dr. Justin Patchin, University of Wisconsin- Eau Claire Chief Alicia Powers, Hercules (CA) Police Department (Ret.)* Chief Todd Sigler, Southern Illinois University Police Department Dr. William Tafoya, Federal Bureau of Investigation (Ret.) & University of New Haven Dr. Sean Varano, Northeastern University Division Chief Al Youngs, Lakewood (CO) Police Department (Ret.)* † * Past-president, Society of Police Futurist International † Member, Futures Working Group Special thanks to my parents, Grace and John, who encouraged my curiosity, taught me perseverance, cultivated my love of writing, and tolerated my long-standing fascination with policing (despite wanting to see me doing something a bit safer). Finally, love and thanks to my wife, Shelby, and our children, Ellie & Andrew. All three continue to endure my self-imposed demands and supported me throughout this and other projects. Once again, I am in your debt for the love, patience, and encouragement you continue to provide. 7 A Note on Internet Resources and Products Mentioned Chapter contributors have drawn upon a wide range of information to develop and support their work. This includes the use of resources available on the internet. Web addresses (URLs) are found in many reference lists. These addresses were current at the time contributors finalized their chapters. The dynamic nature of the internet means that, unfortunately, some sources will not be found at the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Factors That Motivate Millennial Public Servants in the Workplace Lisa Maria Mallory Walden University
    Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2015 Factors That Motivate Millennial Public Servants in the Workplace Lisa Maria Mallory Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Business Administration, Management, and Operations Commons, and the Management Sciences and Quantitative Methods Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Lisa Mallory has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Ernesto Escobedo, Committee Chairperson, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Gema Hernandez, Committee Member, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Dr. Cassandra Caldwell, University Reviewer, Public Policy and Administration Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2015 Abstract Factors That Motivate Millennial Public Servants in the Workplace by Lisa María Mallory MBA, George Washington University, 1993 BS, University of Maryland University College, 1987 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Policy and Administration Walden University November 2015 Abstract There is an abundance of scholarly literature examining the Millennial generation’s characteristics and their uniqueness in the workforce, but few studies have examined the lived experiences of Millennials and what motivates them in the public sector workplace.
    [Show full text]
  • Metaverse Roadmap Overview, 2007. 2007
    A Cross-Industry Public Foresight Project Co-Authors Contributing Authors John Smart, Acceleration Studies Foundation Corey Bridges, Multiverse Jamais Cascio, Open the Future Jochen Hummel, Metaversum Jerry Paffendorf, The Electric Sheep Company James Hursthouse, OGSi Randal Moss, American Cancer Society Lead Reviewers Edward Castronova, Indiana University Richard Marks, Sony Computer Entertainment Alexander Macris, Themis Group Rueben Steiger, Millions of Us LEAD SPONSOR FOUNDING PARTNERS Futuring and Innovation Center Graphic Design: FizBit.com accelerating.org metaverseroadmap.org MVR Summit Attendees Distinguished industry leaders, technologists, analysts, and creatives who provided their insights in various 3D web domains. Bridget C. Agabra Project Manager, Metaverse Roadmap Project Patrick Lincoln Director, Computer Science Department, SRI Janna Anderson Dir. of Pew Internet’s Imagining the Internet; Asst. International Prof. of Communications, Elon University Julian Lombardi Architect, Open Croquet; Assistant VP for Tod Antilla Flash Developer, American Cancer Society Academic Services and Technology Support, Office of Information Technology Wagner James Au Blogger, New World Notes; Author, The Making of Second Life, 2008 Richard Marks Creator of the EyeToy camera interface; Director of Special Projects, Sony CEA R&D Jeremy Bailenson Director, Virtual Human Interaction Lab, Stanford University Bob Moore Sociologist, Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), PlayOn project Betsy Book Director of Product Management, Makena Technologies/There;
    [Show full text]
  • Blogging Glossary
    Blogging Glossary Glossary: General Terms Atom: A popular feed format developed as an alternative to RSS. Autocasting: Automated form of podcasting that allows bloggers and blog readers to generate audio versions of text blogs from RSS feeds. Audioblog: A blog where the posts consist mainly of voice recordings sent by mobile phone, sometimes with some short text message added for metadata purposes. (cf. podcasting) Blawg: A law blog. Bleg: An entry in a blog requesting information or contributions. Blog Carnival: A blog article that contains links to other articles covering a specific topic. Most blog carnivals are hosted by a rotating list of frequent contributors to the carnival, and serve to both generate new posts by contributors and highlight new bloggers posting matter in that subject area. Blog client: (weblog client) is software to manage (post, edit) blogs from operating system with no need to launch a web browser. A typical blog client has an editor, a spell-checker and a few more options that simplify content creation and editing. Blog publishing service: A software which is used to create the blog. Some of the most popular are WordPress, Blogger, TypePad, Movable Type and Joomla. Blogger: Person who runs a blog. Also blogger.com, a popular blog hosting web site. Rarely: weblogger. Blogirl: A female blogger Bloggernacle: Blogs written by and for Mormons (a portmanteau of "blog" and "Tabernacle"). Generally refers to faithful Mormon bloggers and sometimes refers to a specific grouping of faithful Mormon bloggers. Bloggies: One of the most popular blog awards. Blogroll: A list of other blogs that a blogger might recommend by providing links to them (usually in a sidebar list).
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation the Working Narrative
    DISSERTATION THE WORKING NARRATIVE: ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC STRUCTURES AND STYLES IN LIFE STORYTELLING ON SOCIAL MEDIA Submitted by Michael Humphrey Department of Journalism and Media Communication In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Fall 2017 Doctoral Committee: Advisor: Patrick Plaisance Marilee Long Ashley Anderson Sarah Sloane Kate Mason Copyright by Michael Lee Humphrey 2017 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT THE WORKING NARRATIVE: ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC STRUCTURES AND STYLES IN LIFE STORYTELLING ON SOCIAL MEDIA The stories we tell ourselves, and others, define us. What does that mean when we enter digital life and populate social media networks? In this dissertation, I examine the linguistic structures and styles of content created by people who are specifically prompted to tell a story from their lives. This dissertation focuses on two distinct types of storytelling social media platforms: Cowbird is an self-mediatizing, open site that primes users with life story cues and prompts them to “Tell a story,” while Humans of New York is a filtered, gated-mediatized platform run by one curator who posts pictures and short life narratives on Facebook, Tumblr, his own blog and several other social platforms. I sought to find distinct and/or common narrative structural and stylistic characteristics of the content. Using a combination of Quantitative Content Analysis and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (Pennebaker et al., 2007; Pennebaker et al., 2015), this project includes three related studies that begin with basic questions about narrative structures and concludes with two factor analyses of latent linguistic variables.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tech Giant Everyone Is Watching
    Inside Assad’s new Syria America’s Supreme Court swings right Bog-roll Boris, the busted flush How to make meetings less dreadful JUNE 30TH–JULY 6TH 2018 Thetechgiant everyone is watching Contents The Economist June 30th 2018 5 8 The world this week United States 34 The Supreme Court Leaders Right of way 11 Netflixonomics 35 Bureaucracy The tech giant everyone Shuffle up is watching 36 School design 12 America’s Supreme Court Brutalism After Kennedy 36 Immigration policy 12 The war in Syria How we got here The new Palestinians 39 Lexington Brexit and business Amid a 13 Railways India and America row between business leaders Free the rails and Conservative hardliners, a 14 China’s university- The Americas softer Brexit gains political On the cover entrance exam 40 Canada’s climate policy ground, page 21 Netflix has transformed Gaokao gruel Trudeau and the Toronto television. It is beloved by troublemaker investors, consumers and Letters 41 Funerals in Cuba politicians. Can that last? 15 On trade, surveillance Not going gently Leader, page11. The technology, Xinjiang, 41 Brazilian agriculture entertainment industry is football, Brexit Embrapa’s lost sparkle scrabbling to catch up with a disrupter, page18. The 42 Bello internet was meant to make Briefing The high price of political saviours the world a less centralised 18 Netflixonomics place, but the opposite has The television will be happened. Ludwig Siegele revolutionised Special report: explains why it matters, and Fixing the internet what can be done about it. US Supreme Court Justice The ins and outs See our special report after Britain Anthony Kennedy’s retirement After page 42 page 42 21 Business and politics comes at a worrying time: Hard Brexit unravels leader, page12.
    [Show full text]
  • Net Smart When You Put Mto4gjh Profile to Take Control Think About
    Participation rower Net Smart :egy is to dilute it good talk. You unters i -ely in the cybersphere How to Thrive Online when you put Mto4g jh rints and profiles. Create a Google profile to take control world sees when it searches for you.65 Think about wh e , e ches for you; do what's in -'7 your P0 o do abol rints and orofiles. - don't control ) '1 No discussion of digital participation can afford to ignore twitter, tue S unexpected medium that ballooned to hundreds of millions of users. Twit- S ter literacy is a perfect example of how your knowledge of how to use your Howard Rheingold attention, participate and collaborate, and use networks will determine how or whether you use the medium successfully. 11 drawings by Anthony Weeks Twitter Literacy of es Twitter has turned out to be less an inane lifelog of what we ate for lunch and much ii- more a streaming list of cleverly editorialized headlines with links to the main arti- If- cle. For many of us, Twitter is becoming the front page of our morning newspaper. ts, Either in perception or in practice, our reporters are becoming our friends and our friends are becoming the editors of our Twitter-based newspaper. 11- —David Sasaki, "Our Friends Become Curators of Twitter-Based News," 2010 n- he "The role of the internet was critical at the beginning," [Amr] Gharbeia says. "On 'S the 25th, the movements of the protesting groups were arranged in real time through Twitter. Everyone knew where everyone else was walking and we could L'S advise on the locations of blockades and skirmishes with police.
    [Show full text]
  • Intelligent Dialogue: Millennials Summer 2008
    INTELLIGENT DIALOGUE: MILLENNIALS SUMMER 2008 MESSAGE FROM THE CEO IT SEEMS THERE IS a shorthand for every generation. Baby Boomers are idealistic. Generation X was defined by MTV; Generation Y by the Internet. But then you come to the Millennials, and the shorthands fall away. Millennials believe that work should be fun and that dues-paying is for suckers. They are willing to sacrifice confidentiality for social connection. Although they can seem shallow, noble causes motivate them. And despite the fact that some (generally older) people may be tempted to label them the “Slacker Generation,” they have a clear and purposeful sense of how they want to live their lives. Understanding Millennials requires getting comfortable with conundrums and paradoxes, and being willing to accept that opinions Millennials hold may seem initially to be in opposition. If you really want to understand Millennials, you need to allow your mind to freewheel. Be like the inventors of vaccines, whose breakthrough came in the form of a paradoxical concept: The way to prevent an illness is to expose people to it. Or think like the people charged with protecting the homeland, who realize that in order to devise effective safeguards against terrorism, it’s necessary to accept that terrorists are willing to die for their cause. In the case of Millennials, the realization required is equally fundamental, especially for a Baby Boomer like me. And it’s this: Millennials don’t want to be like us. They do not strive for the things we have accepted as gospel. That everyone wants to get ahead at work.
    [Show full text]
  • Risks and Benefits of Emerging Life-Logging Applications November 2011 Final Report – Appendix I
    Risks and benefits of emerging life-logging applications November 2011 Final Report – Appendix I TO L0G OR NOT TO L0G? Risks and benefits of emerging life-logging applications Appendix I Scenario Building and Analysis Template Risks and benefits of emerging life-logging applications 2 Final Report – Appendix I ABOUT ENISA The European Network and Information Security Agency (ENISA) is a European Union (EU) agency which acts as a centre of expertise for the EU Member States and European institutions. It gives advice and recommendations on good practice, and acts as a “switchboard” for exchanging knowledge and information. The agency also facilitates contacts between the European institutions, the Member States, and private business and industry. CONTACT DETAILS The report has been edited by Barbara Daskala. For questions related to this study or to the Emerging Risks Framework, please use the following details: e-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.enisa.europa.eu/ Legal notice Notice must be taken that this publication represents the views and interpretations of the authors and editors, unless stated otherwise. This publication should not be construed to be a legal action of ENISA or the ENISA bodies unless adopted pursuant to the ENISA Regulation (EC) No 460/2004 as lastly amended by Regulation (EU) No 580/2011. This publication does not necessarily represent state-of the-art and ENISA may update it from time to time. Third-party sources are quoted as appropriate. ENISA is not responsible for the content of the external sources including external websites referenced in this publication. This publication is intended for information purposes only.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Object, Digital Subjects
    DIGITAL OBJECTS DIGITAL SUBJECTS Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Capitalism, Labour and Politics in the Age of Big Data Edited by DAVID CHANDLER and CHRISTIAN FUCHS Digital Objects, Digital Subjects: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Capitalism, Labour and Politics in the Age of Big Data Edited by David Chandler and Christian Fuchs University of Westminster Press www.uwestminsterpress.co.uk Published by University of Westminster Press 101 Cavendish Street London W1W 6UW www.uwestminsterpress.co.uk Text ©the editors and several contributors 2019 First published 2019 Cover: Diana Jarvis Printed in the UK by Lightning Source Ltd. Print and digital versions typeset by Siliconchips Services Ltd. ISBN (Hardback): 978-1-912656-08-0 ISBN (PDF): 978-1-912656-09-7 ISBN (EPUB): 978-1-912656-10-3 ISBN (Kindle): 978-1-912656-11-0 ISBN (Paperback): 978-1-912656-20-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.16997/book29 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA. This license allows for copying and distributing the work, providing author attribution is clearly stated, that you are not using the material for commercial purposes, and that modified versions are not distributed. The full text of this book has been peer-reviewed to ensure high academic standards. For full review policies, see: http://www.uwestminsterpress.co.uk/ site/publish. Competing Interests: the editors and contributors declare that they have no competing interests in publishing this book Suggested citation: Chandler, D.
    [Show full text]
  • Contextual Social Networking
    Technische Universit¨atM¨unchen Fakult¨atf¨urInformatik Contextual Social Networking Dipl.-Phys., Dipl.-Inform. Dr.rer.nat. Georg Groh Habilitationsschrift Mitglieder des Habilitationskomittees: Prof. Dr. Johann Schlichter Prof. Dr. Bettina Berendt Prof. Dr. Helmut Seidl Kurz-Zusammenfassung Der zentrale Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die vielschichtige Frage, wie Kontexte detektiert und abgeleitet werden k¨onnen,die dazu dienen k¨onnen,neuar- tige kontextbewusste Social Networking Dienste zu schaffen und bestehende Di- enste in ihrem Nutzwert zu verbessern. Die (noch nicht abgeschlossene) erfolgre- iche Umsetzung dieses Programmes f¨uhrtauf ein Konzept, das man als Contextual Social Networking bezeichnen kann. In einem grundlegenden ersten Teil werden die eng zusammenh¨angendenGebiete Contextual Social Networking, Mobile Social Networking und Decentralized Social Networking mit verschiedenen Methoden und unter Fokussierung auf verschiedene Detail-Aspekte n¨aherbeleuchtet und in Zusam- menhang gesetzt. Ein zweiter Teil behandelt die Frage, wie soziale Kurzzeit- und Langzeit-Kontexte als f¨urdas Social Networking besonders interessante Formen von Kontext gemessen und abgeleitet werden k¨onnen. Ein Fokus liegt hierbei auf NLP Methoden zur Charakterisierung sozialer Beziehungen als einer typischen Form von sozialem Langzeit-Kontext. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt liegt auf Methoden aus dem Mobile Social Signal Processing zur Ableitung sinnvoller sozialer Kurzzeit-Kontexte auf der Basis von Interaktionsgeometrien und Audio-Daten. Es wird ferner unter- sucht, wie pers¨onliche soziale Agenten Kontext-Elemente verschiedener Abstraktion- sgrade miteinander kombinieren k¨onnen.Der dritte Teil behandelt neuartige und verbesserte Konzepte f¨urkontextbewusste Social Networking Dienste. Es werden spezielle Formen von Awareness Diensten, neue Formen von sozialem Information Retrieval, Konzepte f¨urkontextbewusstes Privacy Management und Dienste und Plattformen zur Unterst¨utzungvon Open Innovation und Kreativit¨atuntersucht und vorgestellt.
    [Show full text]
  • Automatically Augmenting Lifelog Events Using Pervasively Generated Content from Millions of People
    Sensors 2010, 10, 1423 - 1446; doi:10.3390/100301423 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors Article Automatically Augmenting Lifelog Events Using Pervasively Generated Content from Millions of People Aiden R. Doherty ? and Alan F. Smeaton Centre for Sensor Web Technologies, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; E-Mail: [email protected] Received: 24 December 2009; in revised form: 19 January 2010 / Accepted: 3 February 2010 / Published: 26 February Abstract: In sensor research we take advantage of additional contextual sensor information to disambiguate potentially erroneous sensor readings or to make better informed decisions on a single sensor’s output. This use of additional information reinforces, validates, semantically enriches, and augments sensed data. Lifelog data is challenging to augment, as it tracks one’s life with many images including the places they go, making it non-trivial to find associated sources of information. We investigate realising the goal of pervasive user-generated content based on sensors, by augmenting passive visual lifelogs with “Web 2.0” content collected by millions of other individuals. Keywords: lifelogging; event augmentation; SenseCam; Web 2.0 1. Introduction Almost everything we do these days is in some way monitored, sensed, or logged. We’ve come to accept—or maybe we just ignore—this massive surveillance of our lives from a variety of sensors because it brings us benefits. For example, we have a more secure feeling when we know there is CCTV present, we get itemised billing of our phone usage from phone companies, and we get convenience and even loyalty bonuses as a result of some of our regular store purchases.
    [Show full text]
  • The Struggle for Social Welfare: Towards an Emerging Welfare Sociology
    SOCIETY REGISTER 2019 / 3(2): 7-19 ISSN 2544–5502 DOI: 10.14746/sr.2019.3.2.01 THE STRUGGLE FOR SOCIAL WELFARE: TOWARDS AN EMERGING WELFARE SOCIOLOGY MARIUSZ BARANOWSKI1 1 Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Szamarzewskiego 89 C, 60-568 Poznań, Poland. ORCID: 0000- 0001-6755-9368, Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT: The main aim of the article is to outline welfare sociology as a potential sub-discipline of sociology and to discuss the issues of broadly defined social welfare. While in contemporary social sciences the literature concerning welfare often focuses on themes such as happiness (psychology), prosperity (economics), or quality of life (sociology), these themes may be considered too narrow and do not reflect the com- plexity of the issue. However, if one considers the definition of social welfare through the prism of material and non-material needs, as well as the needs expressed individ- ually and collectively, it is possible to attempt a comprehensive study of this phenom- enon. The author uses the definition of social welfare to look at research on (a) welfare state regimes, (b) welfare attitudes and (c) issues of work in contemporary capitalism, all to enable the application of research results within the analysis of the title concept. KEYWORDS: social welfare, welfare scarcity, welfare sociology, well-being, ill-being INTRODUCTION The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of social welfare struggles (cf. Marx and Engels [1848] 1948:9). Class struggle, for example, is an important but only a subset of the space/agglomerate of multifaceted battles for social welfare.
    [Show full text]