AGC FS 05/07

Per capita gambling expenditure in by Gambling Expenditure 2 gambling form (2004-05) What is gambling? State/territory $ Placing a wager or bet on the outcome of a future event Wagering8 149 1 with an unknown outcome. 9 Lotteries 106

Aggregate gambling expenditure in Australia by Gaming machines10 655 state/territory (2004-05)2 11

Fact Sheet Casino 171 7 Other 17 State/territory $m All 1,097 NSW 6,888

VIC 4,349 In 2004-05 average gambling expenditure in Australia QLD 2,969 per adult was $1,097 – comprising wagering ($149 per SA 1,099 adult), lotteries ($106), gaming machines ($655), casino ($171) and other ($17). WA 786 TAS 298 The Northern Territory has the highest expenditure per adult in Australia ($1,918) although a significant ACT 248 proportion of business is from interstate and NT 272 international markets. Expenditure in AUST 16,910 was $1,336 per adult, followed by Victoria ($1,134), ($1,004) and the ACT ($998). In contrast, Aggregate gambling expenditure in Australia by , which does not have a gaming gambling form (2004-05)2 machine network in hotels and clubs reported expenditure of $521 per adult, while and reported average spending of $814 and State/territory $m $922 respectively. 3 Wagering 2,292 Lotteries4 1,627 Household Disposable Income Gaming machines5 10,096 6 Household Disposable Income (HDI) is the amount of Casino 2,639 income households have left over after they have paid Other7 257 their income taxes and is considered a key determinant All 16,910 of how much households can spend on consumer goods and services. Gambling expenditure in Australia in 2004-05 amounted to $16.9 billion. Expenditure on gaming machines The average proportion of gambling expenditure as a totalled $10.1 billion and accounted for 59.7% of all proportion of Household Disposable Income (HDI) in expenditure on gambling forms. Wagering accounted for Australia was 3.05%, slightly lower than in the previous 13.6% of gambling expenditure ($2.3 billion), while year (3.08%). The Northern Territory had the highest expenditure on lotteries and pools ($1.6 billion) proportion of expenditure to HDI (5.07%), but a accounted for 9.6% of spending. Expenditure on casinos significant proportion of gambling business comes from was $2.6 billion (15.6% of gambling spending in interstate and international markets. Australia). Other states and territories with a relatively high Per capita gambling expenditure in Australia by proportion of expenditure to HDI include New South state/territory (2004-05)2 Wales (3.56%), Queensland (3.09%) and Victoria (3.05%) while this proportion was relatively low in Western Australia (1.46%) and the ACT (1.77%). State/territory $ NSW 1,336 A positive change in gambling expenditure as a VIC 1,134 proportion of HDI in 2004-05 was evident in Western Australia, whilst it remained steady in South Australia. QLD 1,004 A decrease in the proportion of expenditure to HDI was SA 922 evident in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, WA 521 Tasmania, the ACT and the Northern Territory.

TAS 814 ACT 998 NT 1,918

AUST 1,097 DISCLAIMER: The information contained in this publication has been obtained from external sources and has not been independently verified by the Australian Gaming Council. The Australian Gaming Council excludes liability for loss suffered by any person resulting in any way from the use of, or reliance on this publication.

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Proportion of HDI spent on all gambling forms in Payout ratio for gaming machines in Australia by Australia by state/territory (2000-01 to 2004-052) state/territory (2005)12

State/territory Casino Hotels and clubs 6.00 NSW 85% 85% 2004-05 5.00 VIC 87% 87% QLD 90% 85% 4.00 2000-01 SA 87.5% 87.5%

3.00 WA 90% na TAS 85% 85% 2.00 ACT na na

1. 0 0 NT 88% 85%

0.00 NSW VIC QLD SA WA TAS ACT NT AUST

Racing and gaming expenditure in Australia as a proportion of household disposable income (1979-80 1 Adapted from Tasmanian Gaming Commission (2004) Australian Gambling Statistics 2 to 2004-05) 1977-78 to 2002-03, A Report prepared by KPMG Consulting (including amendments).

3.0 2 Office of Economic and Statistical Research (2006) Australian Gambling Statistics 2006. 2.5 Gaming Racing 3 Includes racing and sports betting. 2.0 4 Includes lottery, lotto, tattslotto, instant lottery and pools. 5 Excludes gaming machines at casinos. 1.5 6 Includes wagers on table games, gaming machines and keno systems. 1.0 7 Includes minor gaming, Keno and interactive gaming. 8 Includes racing and sports betting. 0.5 9 Includes lottery, lotto, tattslotto, instant lottery and pools. % household disposable income 0.0 10 Excludes gaming machines at casinos. 1979-80 1984-85 1989-90 1994-95 1999-00 2004-05 11 Includes wagers on table games, gaming machines and keno systems. 12 Australian/New Zealand Gaming Machine National Standard Revision 8.0, December The graph above shows the change in the spending 2004. pattern for gambling in Australia over the past 25 years. As a proportion of HDI, gaming expenditure has gradually increased while the market share of racing has declined.

For every $1 of gambling expenditure in 1978-79, 60.4 cents was spent on gaming while racing accounted for 39.6 cents – a difference of 20.7 cents. From this point, the gap between racing and gaming expenditure continued to increase until 1983-84 when the rate of change decreased, also occurring in 1985-86 and 1987- 88. A strong period for gaming expenditure overall occurred between 1988-89 and 1995-96 saw the gap, for every dollar spent, at almost 66 cents with 17% of gambling expenditure accounted for by racing and 83% by gaming. The rate of change generally slowed after this point. In 2003-04, for every $1 of expenditure on gambling, 86.6 cents was spent on gaming products while 12.5 cents went to racing – a difference of 74 cents, over 3.5 times the difference in 1978-79. The remaining proportion of gambling expenditure relates to sports betting – which is a small yet growing sector.

For some gambling forms, legislation dictates the minimum payout ratios to players – gaming machine play, for instance, must adhere to the following returns (although in practice, payout ratios are commonly higher than that which is required by law).

DISCLAIMER: The information contained in this publication has been obtained from external sources and has not been independently verified by the Australian Gaming Council. The Australian Gaming Council excludes liability for loss suffered by any person resulting in any way from the use of, or reliance on this publication.

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