The National Flag Is the Tricolour of Green, White and Orange.” “An Bhratach Trí Dhath .I

“The national flag is the tricolour of green, white and orange.” “An bhratach trí dhath .i. uaine, bán, agus flannbhuí, an suaitheantas náisiúnta.” constitution of ireland bunreacht na héireann article 7 airteagal 7 Contents Clár na nÁbhar 1. History of the Flag 1 Stair na Brataí 2. About the Guidelines 4 Faisnéis faoi na Treoirlínte 3. Design 5 Dearadh 4. Flying, displaying and placing 6 An bhratach a chur ar foluain, a iompar agus a thaispeáint 5. Occasions and times when the National Flag is flown 8 Ócáidí agus amanna a chuirtear an Bhratach Náisiúnta ar foluain 6. Flying and displaying the National Flag with Flags of other Nations 10 An Bhratach Náisiúnta a chur ar foluain agus a thaispeáint le bratacha Náisiún eile 7. Carrying of the National Flag 14 An Bhratach Náisiúnta a Iompar 8. Half-masting the National Flag and its display 16 during times of mourning An Bhratach Náisiúnta a chur ar Leathchrann agus í a thaispeáint i rith tréimhsí bróin 9. Folding of the National Flag 20 An Bhratach Náisiúnta a Fhilleadh 10. Hoisting and lowering 22 Crochadh agus ísliú 11. Saluting the National Flag 23 Cuirtéis a Dhéanamh don Bhratach Náisiúnta 12. The National Flag and the National Anthem 23 An Bhratach Náisiúnta agus Amhrán na bhFiann 13. Respect for the National Flag 24 Meas a léiriú ar an mBratach Náisiúnta 14. Proper disposal of a worn or frayed National Flag 25 Bratach Náisiúnta atá caite nó gioblach a dhiúscairt i gceart 15. Use in printed or electronic format 25 Úsáid i bhformáid chlóite nó leictreonach 1. History of the Flag Stair na Brataí The National Flag of Ireland, often Tá trí dhath ar Bhratach Náisiúnta na hÉireann, referred to as the tricolour, consists of three ar a dtugtar an bhratach trí dhath go minic – glas, colours – green, white and orange. It was adopted bán agus oráiste. Glacadh leis an mbratach mar as the flag of the Irish Free State in 1922. It was bhratach Shaorstát Éireann i 1922. Deimhníodh an formally confirmed as the National Flag in the bhratach go foirmiúil mar an mBratach Náisiúnta 1937 Constitution, in Article 7: ‘The national flag i mBunreacht 1937, in Airteagal 7: ‘An bhratach is the tricolour of green, white and orange.’ trí dhath .i. uaine, bán, agus flannbhuí, an The Irish Tricolour is intended to suaitheantas náisiúnta’. symbolise the inclusion and hoped-for union of Tá Bratach Trí Dhath na hÉireann ceaptha the people of different traditions on this island, bheith ina siombail ar chuimsiú muintireacha which is now expressed in the Constitution as the de thraidisiúin éagsúla ar an oileán seo, agus entitlement of every person born in the island of a n-aontú a rabhthas ag súil leis, a léirítear sa Ireland to be part of the Irish nation (regardless of Bhunreacht faoi láthair mar an teidlíocht atá ag ethnic origin, religion or political conviction). gach duine a rugadh in oiléan na hÉireann chun A green flag with harp (figure a) was an bheith mar chuid de náisiún na hÉireann (gan aird older symbol used by Irish nationalists, going ar bhunadh eitneach, daorbhreith reiligiúnach nó back at least to Confederate Ireland and Owen Roe pholaitiúil). O’Neill in the 1640s. It was also widely adopted Ba shiombail ní ba shine a d’úsáid by the Irish Volunteers in the 1780s and especial- náisiúnaigh Éireannacha bratach ghlas ar a raibh ly by the United Irishmen in the 1798 rebellion. cruit (fíor a), a ghabh siar a fhad le tráth Lucht A rival organisation, the Orange Order, which Comhdhála na hÉireann agus le haimsir Eoghain was exclusively Protestant, was founded in 1795 Rua Uí Néill sna 1640idí. Anuas air sin, ghlac in memory of King William of Orange and the Óglaigh na hÉireann go fairsing leis sna 1780idí, ‘Glorious Revolution’ of 1689. Following the 1798 go háirithe na hÉireannaigh Aontaithe in éirí Rebellion, the ideal of a later Nationalist genera- amach 1798. Bunaíodh eagraíocht chomhraic, an tion in the mid-nineteenth century was to make tOrd Oráisteach, nach raibh ach Protastúnaigh peace between them and, if possible, to found a ina measc, i 1795 i gcuimhne Rí Liam Oráiste self-governing Ireland on such peace and union. agus ‘Réabhlóid Ghlórmhar’ 1689. I ndiaidh Éirí Amach 1798, bhí sé ina phrionsabal ag glúin Náisiúnach ní ba dhéanaí i lár an naoú haoise déag chun síocháin a dhéanamh eatarthu agus, dá mb’fhéidir, chun Éire fhéinrialaitheach a bhunú ar an tsíocháin agus aontas sin. figure a an bhratach náisiúnta Irish tricolours were mentioned in 1830 and 1844, Luadh bratacha trí dhath na hÉireann in 1830 but widespread recognition was not accorded to agus 1844, ach níor tugadh aitheantas fairsing the flag until 1848. From March of that year, Irish don bhratach go dtí 1848. Ó Mhárta na bliana sin tricolours appeared side by side with French ones ar aghaidh, bhí bratacha trí dhath na hÉireann at meetings held all over the country to celebrate ar crochadh taobh le bratacha na Fraince ag the revolution that had just taken place in France. cruinnithe a bhí ar siúl fud fad na tíre chun an On 7 March 1848, Thomas Francis Meagher, the t-éirí amach a cheiliúradh a bhí tar éis titim amach Young Ireland leader, flew a tricolour from 33 The sa Fhrainc. An 7 Márta 1848, chuir Thomas Francis Mall in Waterford, where it flew continuously for Meagher, ceannasaí óg na hÉireann, bratach trí a week until removed by the authorities. On the dhath ar foluain ó Uimhir 33, an Meal i bPort same day, a tricolour was reported to have been Láirge, áit a raibh sí ar foluain gan staonadh ar carried in a parade to Vinegar Hill, Enniscorthy, feadh seachtaine go dtí gur bhain na húdaráis Co Wexford. In April, Meagher brought a tricolour í. An lá céanna, tugadh le fios gur iompraíodh from Paris, presented it to a Dublin meeting and bratach trí dhath i mórshiúl go dtí Cnoc Fhiodh outlined the significance of the colours: na gCaor, Inis Córthaidh, Contae Loch Garman. In Aibreán, thug Meagher bratach trí dhath leis ó “The white in the centre signifies a lasting truce between Pháras, thug sé an bhratach i láthair i gcruinniú i Orange and Green and I trust that beneath its folds the mBaile Átha Cliath agus mhínigh sé an tábhacht a hands of Irish Protestants and Irish Catholics may be bhain leis na dathanna: clasped in generous and heroic brotherhood.” “Is éard atá i gceist leis an dath bán i lár na brataí ná sos John Mitchel, also a member of the Young cogaidh marthanach idir an dath Oráiste agus an dath Ireland Movement, said: “I hope to see that flag one Glas agus tá súil agam gur féidir le Protastúnaigh agus le day waving as our national banner.” Caitlicigh na hÉireann lámha a chreathadh faoina bun i mbráithreachas flaithiúil agus laochúil.” Although the tricolour was not forgotten as a symbol of hoped-for union and a banner Dúirt John Mitchel, ball d’Óg-Ghluaiseacht associated with the Young Irelanders and na hÉireann, an méid seo chomh maith: “Tá súil revolution, it was little used between 1848 and agam go bhfeicfidh mé an bhratach sin ar crochadh lá 1916. Even up to the eve of the Rising in 1916, the éigin mar ár mbratach náisiúnta.” green flag with harp held undisputed sway. The arrangement of the early tricolours Cé nach ndearnadh dearmad ar an was not standardised. All of the 1848 tricolours mbratach trí dhath mar shiombail den aontas showed green, white and orange, but orange was a rabhthas ag súil leis agus mar bhratach a sometimes put next to the staff, and in at least bhaineann leis na hÉireannaigh Óga agus le héirí one flag the order was orange, green and white. amach, ba bheag úsáid a baineadh aisti idir 1848 In 1850 a flag of green for the Catholics, orange agus 1916. Fiú a fhad leis an oíche roimh an Éirí for the Protestants of the Established Church and Amach i 1916, ba í an bhratach ghlas ar a raibh an chruit an bhratach ba mhó a crochadh. Ní dhearnadh eagrú na luathbhratach trí dhath a chaighdeánú. Bhí glas, bán agus oráiste á dtaispeáint ag gach ceann de bhratacha trí dhath 1848, ach cuireadh an dath oráiste in aice an chrainn corruair, agus ar bhratach amháin, ar a laghad, b’ionann ord na ndathanna agus 5/6 blue for the Presbyterians was proposed. In 1883 oráiste, glas agus bán. In 1850, beartaíodh bratach a Parnellite tricolour of yellow, white and green, ar a raibh dath glas do na Caitlicigh, dath oráiste arranged horizontally, is recorded. do Phrotastúnaigh na hEaglaise Bunaithe agus Down to modern times yellow or gold dath gorm do na Preispitéirigh. In 1833, cuirtear has occasionally been used instead of orange, but bratach trí dhath Pharnellíteach ar a raibh na this substitution destroys the symbolism of the dathanna buí, bán agus glas, a bhí leagtha amach National Flag. go cothrománach. The Irish Tricolour flag was flown over Sa ré nua-aimseartha, úsáideadh buí nó ór, the General Post Office on Easter Monday, 1916, corruair, seachas oráiste, ach tagann an t-ionadú along with a large green flag inscribed with the seo salach ar shiombalachas na Brataí Náisiúnta. words “Irish Republic” (figure b). The Citizen Cuireadh Trí Dhath na hÉireann ar foluain Army Flag (figure c) flew on the Imperial Hotel ó Ard-Oifig an Phoist Luan Cásca, 1916, mar aon le on O’Connell St. during the Rising. This flag bratach mhór ghlas ar a raibh na focail “Poblacht shows a stylised representation of a plough with na hÉireann” (fíor b).

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