University of Mississippi eGrove Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2013 The Song We Sing: Negotiating Black Nationalism And Queerness In James Baldwin's Late Novels Elliot N. Long University of Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd Part of the American Literature Commons Recommended Citation Long, Elliot N., "The Song We Sing: Negotiating Black Nationalism And Queerness In James Baldwin's Late Novels" (2013). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 547. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/547 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at eGrove. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of eGrove. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. “THE SONG WE SING”: NEGOTIATING BLACK NATIONALISM AND QUEERNESS IN JAMES BALDWIN’S LATE NOVELS A Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of English The University of Mississippi by ELLIOT N. LONG June 2013 Copyright Elliot N. Long 2013 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT Despite his exclusion from the Black Arts Movement, James Baldwin includes in his later novels many elements of Black Nationalism, including a focus on black communities, black music, Pan-Africanism, and elements of separatism. In his inclusion of queer sexuality, Baldwin pushes against the typical bounds of Black Arts writings, expanding the limits of the genre. Contrary to the philosophy of Black Nationalism, which depends upon solid definitions of blackness, heterosexuality, and masculinity, is Baldwin’s tearing down of identity categories through queering sexuality, gender, and race.