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Moth Report for 2019

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Moth Report for 2019 CHESHIRE (VICE COUNTY 58) MOTH REPORT FOR 2019 Red-headed Chestnut: Nicola Ginn Authors: Steve H. Hind and Steve W. Holmes Date: March 2020 Cheshire moth report 2019 Introduction The warm southerly airflow across the British Isles in middle to late February resulted in record- breaking temperatures, with some species getting off to a flying start. There tends to be less moth trapping during this period and those who did not take advantage of this warm spell missed out on some good catches, the most unexpected of which was the first county record of Red-headed Chestnut Conistra erythrocephala at Styal. This was the first of a number of unusual migrants to reach Cheshire during the year, with five Small Marbled Eublemma parva arriving during July, followed by two Loxostege sticticalis, a Sitochroa palealis and two Bedstraw Hawk-moths Hyles gallii during the first three nights in August. Thirteen new species were added to the county list during 2019, Ectoedemia heringella, Phyllonorycter lantanella, Pseudatemelia josephinae, Aproaerema larseniella, Caryocolum viscariella, Mompha terminella, Cnephasia genitalana, Acleris cristana, Eana penziana, Aethes tesserana, Ancylosis oblitella, Cypress Pug Eupithecia phoeniceata and Red-headed Chestnut Conistra erythrocephala. This is a significant rise and a trend which we anticipate continuing thanks to global warming. Gone are the days when we were envious of those in the south; a large number of their previously understood to be ‘southern regions’-only species are slowly (some more quickly) making their way here. A list of all the 451 new records can be found in the Species new for their respective 10km squares in 2019 section towards the end of this report. The best day was 22nd July, with 293 species recorded, one of the highest daily counts on record. Light trapping was again generally unproductive during early 2019 due once more to cool wet weather and many trappers bemoaned the fact that catches were uninspiring. However, nothing prepared us for early-June when we were deluged for days on end with terrible rainfall and the resulting floods were eye-opening to say the least. The graph below shows the atypical dip in species being trapped at that time. P a g e 2 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2019 Another interesting statistic is that there appears to have been just nine days during the year when no-one recorded moths, either through light-trapping, leaf-mining or other methods! As a result of this mammoth effort, the breakdown of species recorded by month is as follows: Looking more closely at the weather in UK during 2019, for the first time ever the hottest and coldest days ever were registered in the same year. January was the coldest for a while but February kicked off the snow and ended up being the warmest on record and certainly accounted for the spike in species recorded here, especially late on in the month. March in turn became one of the warmest on record as did April, which also lacked the normal rainfall expected at that time. June has already been mentioned and July was mixed, with Cheshire recording more than twice its average rainfall as well as rocketing temperature which brought many sultry nights, the Small Marbled influx and regular thunderstorms that left trappers wondering whether or not to risk putting their traps on! Overall, summer was the 12th warmest on record. August and thereafter was generally wet, with much flooding across the UK (though not so much locally again until November), causing many trappers to not set traps; the year ended with plenty more rain, but generally it was warmer and the early part of winter wasn’t overly cold. These conditions brought about odd, unseasonal records of Large and Lesser Yellow underwings, both being recorded in December and Lesser in November too; by no means were these the only weird records – a handful of Spring Ushers at this time were ushering in spring well before this year was over! To this point (March 2020), our published e-atlas, “Cheshire Moth Atlas 1808-2017” has unfortunately not been updated with 2018 data as we had hoped for but for those interested, it remains available at the following site: http://www.northwestinvertebrates.org.uk/publications/moths-lepidoptera/ P a g e 3 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2019 The map to the right shows the number of species recorded in each hectad (10km x 10km square) during 2019 to illustrate the recording coverage across the county. We managed to increase the number of species recorded in 19 hectads during the year, most significantly in SJ77 (Knutsford), where there is still no permanent recorder, so this was achieved with a few casual visits. Species were however down in 28 hectads, due in a few cases to regular recorders either not trapping during the year, a lack of casual visits but also the wetter summer. The table to the right shows the number of species and records in Cheshire over the past decade. Once again as our knowledge of Micro-moths continues to increase, so does the number of species recorded each year. The county database now contains over 1,393,000 records. Most moth trapping continues to be carried out in recorders gardens and although we currently have a good spread of recorders across the county, there remain hectads without a resident trapper. Knowledge on the status of our garden moths is increasing each year but trapping away from our gardens is still very limited, so visits into the wider countryside are likely to produce the most significant rewards. Time and effort dictate that this report cannot be a complete analysis of the years’ records; it does however itemise all micro-moth species that were recorded three or fewer times during the year as well as all macro-moth species that were recorded five or fewer times. Throughout what follows, header information relating to each species appears thus: 3.004 Gold Swift Hepialus hecta (Linnaeus, 1758) Which, reading left to right detail: • Agassiz, Beavan & Heckford species number • Species’ vernacular name • Species’ taxonomic name • Species’ Author(s) P a g e 4 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2018 1.003 Micropterix aureatella (Scopoli, 1763) One at Brookhouse Moss and fifteen at Oakhanger Moss on 22nd May (SHH), one at Little Budworth Common on 27th May (BS) and one at Errwood on 14th June (JEW). 2.004 Eriocrania sparrmannella (Bosc, 1791) One to light at Alsager on 19th April (MD), one off birch along Werneth Brook, Hyde on 5th May (SHH) and a tenanted mine at Little Budworth Common on 27th May (BS). 2.006 Eriocrania cicatricella (Zetterstedt, 1839) Tenanted leaf mines at Bidston Hill, Thurstaston Common (HJ) and Werneth Brook, Hyde (SHH), all on 5th May. 2.007 Eriocrania semipurpurella (Stephens, 1835) Tenanted leaf mines at Godley on 5th May, Pikelow Farm, Marton on 14th May and Macclesfield on 15th May (SHH). 3.004 Gold Swift Phymatopus hecta (Linnaeus, 1758) The only records concerned singles during the daytime at Brockholes Wood, Crowden on 10th July (JEH) and to light at Marbury Country Park on 13th July (LB). 4.008 Stigmella glutinosae (Stainton, 1858) Tenanted mines at Jacksons Brickworks, Higher Poynton on 16th October (SHH), Withington on 22nd October (SHH, TW) and Birkenhead Park on 29th October (HJ). P a g e 5 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2019 4.009 Stigmella alnetella (Stainton, 1856) Tenanted mines at Withington on 22nd October (SHH, TW) and Moreton cum Alcumlow on 27th October (SHH). 4.024 Stigmella magdalenae (Klimesch, 1950) A larval mine at Brereton Heath on 22nd August (TW). 4.040 Stigmella assimilella (Zeller, 1848) Leaf mines on Aspen Populus tremula at Meols on 14th October (HJ). 4.075 Ectoedemia louisella (Sircom, 1849) Mines in the samara of Field Maple Acer campestre at Ellesmere Port on 21st June (HJ). The fourth county record. 4.077 Ectoedemia weaveri (Stainton, 1855) Bred from larval mines in the Brushes Valley on 24th March, with adults emerging 6th June (BS). 4.082 Ectoedemia intimella (Zeller, 1848) Tenanted leaf mines at Higher Poynton on 6th November and Pickmere and Marston on 10th November (SHH). 4.088 Ectoedemia heringella (Mariani, 1939) ** The 1st County record. Numerous vacated mines in the leaves of Evergreen Oak Quercus ilex in the grounds of St Michael's Church Hall, Crewe on 7th September (SHH). Steve Hind 6.005 Heliozela hammoniella Sorhagen, 1885 Our only record this year is of a single vacated leaf mine at Higher Poynton on 17th August (SHH). P a g e 6 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2019 8.001 Incurvaria pectinea Haworth, 1828 Tenanted leaf mines at Oakhanger Moss on 22nd May (SHH). 10.002 Tischeria dodonaea Stainton, 1858 Two leaf mines at Delamere Forest on 10th November (BS). Ben Smart 11.002 Narycia duplicella (Goeze, 1783) One pupal case on a garden fence along Alderley Road, Wilmslow on 18th June and a female to light in the garden of Pikelow Farm, Marton on 14th June (SHH). Steve Hind 11.006 Taleporia tubulosa (Retzius, 1783) Larval case on a Rowan Sorbus aucuparia trunk at Little Budworth Common on 27th May (BS). 11.012 Psyche casta (Pallas, 1767) An old case at the base of a birch trunk at Little Budworth Common on 27th May (BS) and another on Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus at Burton Mere Wetlands on 25th November (GJ). 12.012 Triaxomera parasitella (Hübner, 1796) Singles to light at Little Sutton on 1st June and Ellesmere Port on 21st June (HJ). P a g e 7 | 54 Cheshire moth report 2019 12.027 Case-bearing Clothes Moth Tinea pellionella Linnaeus, 1758 Two males indoors at Waverton on 24th & 25th June (B&HC) were the only confirmed records.
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