State of the Nation 2017 CHAHTA SIA HOKE STATE of the NATION 2017

CHAHTA SIA HOKE State of the Nation 2017 CHAHTA SIA HOKE STATE OF THE NATION 2017

CHOCTAW NATION PO BOX 1210 DURANT, OKLAHOMA 74702-1210

Stay Connected to the Nation CHOCTAWNATION.COM 800.522.6170 Living out the Chahta Spirit of Faith, Family and Culture. Chief Gary Batton and Assistant Chief Jack Austin Jr.

HALITO! As Chief of our Nation hearing the successes of our people is a joy and inspiration, and hearing the needs of people motivates me to work harder and be more innovative in providing ways to create better opportunities for our people. This last year has been focused on sustaining our Nation, our culture and our sovereignty with our eye to the future. A tremendous amount of planning and strategy has taken place to ensure that we have opportunities for our tribal members. New facilities are being built to better serve the Chahta people and approximately 1,000 new jobs have been added for a third year in a row. The hope is that a bright future lies ahead for our Nation—a future that holds prosperity for our children and many more generations to come, generations that I hope will live out the Chah- ta spirit of faith, family and culture.

Sincerly,

Gary Batton, Chief The Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma

1 YAKOKE TABLE OF CONTENTS The Chahta Sia Hoke | State The Choctaw Nation values provide a measurement and framework for the way of the Nation 2017 publication is we do things. The foundation of Faith, Family and Culture is our strength. Upon provided by Chief Gary Batton as this foundation are values of responsibility, honor, accountability, servant leadership, a review of the year’s events and teamwork, and integrity. These values are used as measurements when making deci- source of historical information. sons. They are also a guiding beacon on how to live, and how to treat one another. Although the Trail of Tears and the enactment of the Self-Governance Halito!...... 1 Act are not recent events, they Table of Contents...... 2 are pivotal in our tribal history upon which this first volume finds Chahta Spirit worthy of notice in order to share Longest Serving Council Member...... 4 the basics of the story of how the Choctaw Nation Tribal Council...... 5 Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma is in Choctaw Nation Tribal Council through last 38 years of history...... 7 existence. The Choctaw Trail of Tears...... 8 Farewell to the American People...... 9 From Termination Policy to Self–Governance...... 10 Gary Batton Chief Faith Ten Commandments...... 14 Jack Austin Jr. Grounded in belief and faith...... 15 Assistant Chief Chaplains give guidance...... 16 Living for Christ for 97 years...... 18 Lisa Reed Panki Bok...... 20 Executive Director of Communications See You at the Pole...... 21 Judy Allen Historic Projects Officer Family Celebrating a centennial...... 22 Janine Dills A sweeter rose never bloomed...... 24 Historic Projects Executive Assistant Once a princess, always a princess...... 26 Patriot, Hero, Father...... 28 Jason Hicks Rattan legend turns 100...... 31 Public Relations Graphic Designer Culture Words Win War...... 34 Oklahoma bridges honor Choctaw Code Talkers...... 37 Stories contributed by Judy Tributes to Veterans...... 38 Allen unless otherwise noted. Home for the holidays...... 40 Nature and agriculture...... 43 Photos contributed by Judy Department of Risk Management...... 47 Allen, Deidre Elrod, Lisa Reed, Emergency Notifications...... 47 Jeanine Connolly and Jason A grocery store ... and more...... 48 Hicks unless otherwise noted. Farming, a Chahta tradition...... 49

Historic Projects Office PO Box 1210 Durant OK 74702 580.924.8280 ext. 2249

2 Helping other ranchers in need ...... 50 Impactful Water Settlement recognizes tribal sovereignty...... 51 Learning about our ancestors...... 52 Choctaw Nation working with Science Center...... 53 Growth of Choctaw Courts...... 54 English to Chahta Dictionary...... 56 New book educates about Schools for the Choctaws...... 58 Award-winning Chahtas...... 59 Ireland pays tribute...... 60 Living for life...... 62 Growth & Opportunity Raise the beam!...... 66 Choctaw Nation Regional Medical Clinic...... 68 Special art adorns clinic walls ...... 73 Notable firsts in Health...... 74 Choctaw Blend brick...... 74 Fresh appearance at clinics...... 75 Idabel clinic rededicated...... 76 Independent Living Community gives elders autonomy...... 78 Fighting hunger for our children...... 79 Head Start celebrates safety features...... 80 Chahta Himmak Pila Pehlichi...... 81 Career expo provides opportunities...... 82 ACE Team serves others...... 83 Chahta Worldwide...... 84 Miles to go before I sleep...... 85 Choctaw Tourism...... 86 Community Development...... 87 Construction...... 88 Annual Review...... 90 Highlights...... 92

3 the

CHAHTA SPIRIT

Longest Serving Council Member Ted Dosh, who served the Choctaw Nation as District 9 Tribal Council member since 1979, passed away on October 7, 2016. He was a lifelong resident of Bennington, and devoted decades to the Choctaw people. The senior member of the Tribal Council, Ted was respected and loved among peers, community, the elders and others he represented, as well as his many friends and beloved family. Ted and his wife, Carolyn, had been married for 51 years. During his tenure as District 9 Councilman, Ted was on the ground level of planning ventures for economic growth in the area and expanding services for the Choctaw people. He concentrated on improving opportunities for education and jobs in the community. Education, always one of Ted’s top priorities, is evident in three centers he was very proud of—the Bennington and Durant Child Development Centers, and the Early Head Start in Durant. He was also a strong supporter of other tribal education programs such as Success Through Academic Recognition (STAR), Higher Education, and Career Development. Ted was also familiar with working with officials on the city, county, state and federal levels. He knew it took commitment to create partnerships resulting in economic development such as the Choctaw resort, travel plazas, emergency response centers, clinics and wellness centers. Ted was the last of the original Council still serving. A complete list- ing of Choctaw Council from the first swearing-in for the 1979-1980 election to the present is on Pages 6-7. The constitutional vote in 1983 eliminated the three at-large seats, forming the 12-person Council and allowing Choctaws living outside the boundaries to select the Council member of their choice as their representative.

4 the

CHOCTAW NATION TRIBAL COUNCIL The Choctaw Nation Tribal Council is made up of 12 members. The members of the Council are the Legisla- tive body of government for the Choctaw Nation, holding four-year terms of office. Their duties include enacting laws of the Choctaw Nation and approving the annual tribal budget. The Council also prescribes election procedures and regulations for tribal elections, and makes decisions pertaining to aquiring, leasing, and selling tribal property.

Thomas Williston Tony Ward Kenny Bryant Delton Cox District 1 District 2 District 3 District 4

Ronald Perry Jennifer Woods Jack Austin Perry Thompson District 5 District 6 District 7 District 8

James Dry Anthony Dillard Bob Pate James Frazier District 9 District 10 District 11 District 12

5 CHOCTAW NATION TRIBAL COUNCIL THROUGH LAST 38 YEARS OF HISTORY FY 1980 District #8 Edna Belvin FY 1988 District #6 Randle Durant, District #11 Wesley Samuels District #1 Randy Jacobs District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Ryman Battiest Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #2 Lem Ludlow District #10 Jasper Scott District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #7 Bertram Bobb District #3 Malcolm Delois District #11 Harriet James District #3 Leslie James District #8 Perry Thompson FY 1997 Wade District #12 E. Leroy John District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Charley Jones District #4 Rubin White, At–Large #1 Buster Ned District #5 John Lewis District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Billy Paul Baker Speaker At–Large #2 Harvey York, District #6 Randle Durant District #11 Wesley Samuels District #3 Leslie James District #5 William Martin Speaker District #7 Bertram Bobb District #12 James Frazier District #4 Lois Burton District #6 Vacant (Lillian At–Large #3 Dan Crossley District #8 Perry Thompson District #5 Charlotte Jackson Sullivan 1.12.80) District #9 Ted Dosh FY 1993 District #6 Randle Durant, District #7 Bertram Bobb FY 1984 District #10 Ronald Scott District #1 Charley Jones Speaker District #8 Edna Belvin District #1 Ryman Battiest District #11 Dena Cantrell District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #7 Bertram Bobb District #9 Ted Dosh District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #12 Lu Bauer District #3 Leslie James District #8 Perry Thompson District #10 Jasper Scott District #3 Leslie James District #4 Lois Burton District #9 Ted Dosh District #11 Harriet James District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker FY 1989 District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #10 E.J. Johnson District #12 Vacant (E. Leroy District #5 William Martin District #1 Ryman Battiest District #6 Randle Durant, District #11 Wesley Samuels John 2.16.80) District #6 Randle Durant District #2 Billy Paul Baker Speaker District #12 James Frazier At–Large #1 Buster Ned District #7 Bertram Bobb District #3 Leslie James District #7 Bertram Bobb At–Large #2 Harvey York District #8 Wilson James District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker District #8 Perry Thompson FY 1998 At–Large #3 Dan Crossley District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 John Lewis District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Charley Jones District #10 Ronald Scott District #6 Randle Durant District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Billy Paul Baker FY 1981 District #11 William Frye District #7 Bertram Bobb District #11 Wesley Samuels District #3 Leslie James District #1 Randy Jacobs (resigned 10.1.84) District #8 Perry Thompson District #12 James Frazier District #4 Lois Burton District #2 Lem Ludlow District #12 Lu Bauer District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #3 Malcolm Delois At–Large seats eliminated District #10 Ronald Scott FY 1994 District #6 Randle Durant, Wade District #11 Dena Cantrell District #1 Charley Jones Speaker District #4 Rubin White FY 1985 District #12 Lu Bauer District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #7 Glenn Johnson District #5 William Martin District #1 Ryman Battiest District #3 Leslie James District #8 Perry Thompson District #6 Lillian Sullivan District #2 Billy Paul Baker FY 1990 District #4 Lois Burton District #9 Ted Dosh District #7 Bertram Bobb District #3 Leslie James District #1 Ryman Battiest, District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #10 E.J. Johnson District #8 Edna Belvin District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker Speaker District #6 Randle Durant, District #11 Bob Pate District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 William Martin District #2 Billy Paul Baker Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #10 Jasper Scott District #6 Randle Durant District #3 Leslie James District #7 Bertram Bobb District #11 Harriet James District #7 Bertram Bobb District #4 Dale Cox District #8 Perry Thompson FY 1999 District #12 E. Leroy John District #8 Wilson James District #5 John Lewis District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Charley Jones At–Large #1 Buster Ned District #9 Ted Dosh District #6 Randle Durant District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Billy Paul Baker At–Large #2 Harvey York, District #10 Ronald Scott District #7 Bertram Bobb District #11 Wesley Samuels District #3 Leslie James Speaker District #11 Dena Cantrell District #8 Perry Thompson District #12 James Frazier District #4 Lois Burton At–Large #3 Dan Crossley District #12 Lu Bauer District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #10 E.J. Johnson FY 1995 District #6 Randle Durant, FY 1982 FY 1986 District #11 Dena Cantrell District #1 Charley Jones Speaker District #1 Randy Jacobs District #1 Ryman Battiest District #12 Lu Bauer District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #7 Glenn Johnson District #2 Lem Ludlow District #2 Billy Paul Baker (resigned 8.2.90) District #3 Leslie James District #8 Perry Thompson (resigned 9.14.82) District #3 Leslie James District #4 Lois Burton District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Leslie James District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #10 E.J. Johnson District #4 Dale Cox FY 1991 District #5 William Martin District #1 Ryman Battiest District #6 Randle Durant, District #11 Bob Pate District #5 William Martin District #6 Randle Durant District #2 Billy Paul Baker Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #6 Lillian Sullivan District #7 Bertram Bobb District #3 Leslie James District #7 Bertram Bobb District #7 Bertram Bobb District #8 Wilson James District #4 Dale Cox District #8 Perry Thompson District #8 Edna Belvin FY 2000 District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 John Lewis District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Charley Jones District #9 Ted Dosh District #10 Ronald Scott District #6 Randle Durant District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #10 Jasper Scott District #11 Dena Cantrell District #7 Bertram Bobb, District #11 Wesley Samuels District #3 Kenny Bryant District #11 Harriet James District #12 Lu Bauer Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #4 Lois Burton District #12 E. Leroy John District #8 Perry Thompson District #5 Charlotte Jackson At–Large #1 Buster Ned District #9 Ted Dosh FY 1996 District #6 Randle Durant At–Large #2 Harvey York, FY 1987 District #10 E.J. Johnson District #1 Charley Jones District #7 Glenn Johnson Speaker District #1 Ryman Battiest District #11 Dena Cantrell District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #8 Perry Thompson At–Large #3 Dan Crossley District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #3 Leslie James District #12 James Frazier District #3 Leslie James District #9 Ted Dosh District #4 Dale Cox, Speaker (2.9.91) District #4 Lois Burton District #10 E.J. Johnson FY 1983 District #5 William Martin District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #11 Bob Pate, District #1 Randy Jacobs District #6 Randle Durant District #6 Randle Durant, Speaker District #2 Billy Paul Baker FY 1992 District #7 Bertram Bobb District #1 Ryman Battiest Speaker District #12 James Frazier (seated 10.2.82) District #8 Wilson James District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #7 Bertram Bobb District #3 Leslie James District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Leslie James District #8 Perry Thompson District #4 Dale Cox FY 2001 District #10 Ronald Scott District #4 Dale Cox District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Charley Jones District #5 William Martin District #11 Dena Cantrell District #5 John Lewis District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #6 Lillian Sullivan District #12 Lu Bauer District #7 Bertram Bobb

6 CHOCTAW NATION TRIBAL COUNCIL THROUGH LAST 38 YEARS OF HISTORY District #3 Kenny Bryant, Speaker District #9 Ted Dosh District #6 Joe Coley FY 2015 District #4 Delton Cox District #10 E.J. Johnson District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #1 Thomas Williston, Speaker District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #11 Bob Pate District #8 Perry Thompson District #2 Tony Messenger District #6 Randle Durant District #12 James Frazier District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Kenny Bryant District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #10 Anthony Dillard District #4 Delton Cox District #8 Perry Thompson FY 2006 District #11 Bob Pate District #5, Ronald Perry District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Hap Ward District #12 James Frazier District #6 Joe Coley District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Mike Amos, Speaker District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #11 Bob Pate District #3 Kenny Bryant FY 2011 District #8 Perry Thompson District #12 James Frazier District #4 Delton Cox District #1Thomas Williston (2.11) District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #2 Mike Amos District # 10 Anthony Dillard FY 2002 District #6 Joe Coley District #3 Kenny Bryant District #11 Bob Pate District #1 Charley Jones District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #2 Billy Paul Baker District #8 Perry Thompson District #5 Charlotte Jackson (passed District #3 Kenny Bryant, Speaker District #9 Ted Dosh 2.11) District #4 Delton Cox District #10 Anthony Dillard District #6 Joe Coley FY 2016 District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #11 Bob Pate District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #1 Thomas Williston, Speaker District #6 Randle Durant District #12 James Frazier District #8 Perry Thompson District #2 Tony Ward District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Kenny Bryant District #8 Perry Thompson FY 2007 District #10 Anthony Dillard District #4 Delton Cox District #9 Ted Dosh District #1 Hap Ward District #11 Bob Pate District #5, Ronald Perry District #10 E.J. Johnson District #2 Mike Amos, Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #6 Joe Coley District #11 Bob Pate District #3 Kenny Bryant District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #12 James Frazier District #4 Delton Cox FY 2012 District #8 Perry Thompson District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #1Thomas Williston District #9 Ted Dosh FY 2003 District #6 Joe Coley District #2 Tony Messenger District #10 Anthony Dillard District #1 Charley Jones District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #3 Kenny Bryant District #11 Bob Pate District #2 Billy Paul Baker (resigned District #8 Perry Thompson District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #12 James Frazier 03) District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 Ronald Perry District #3 Kenny Bryant, Speaker District #10 Anthony Dillard District #6 Joe Coley FY 2017 District #4 Delton Cox District #11 Bob Pate District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #1 Thomas Williston District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #12 James Frazier District #8 Perry Thompson District #2 Tony Ward District #6 Randle Durant District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Kenny Bryant District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. FY 2008 District #10 Anthony Dillard District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #8 Perry Thompson District #1 Hap Ward District #11 Bob Pate District #5, Ronald Perry District #9 Ted Dosh District #2 Mike Amos District #12 James Frazier District #6 Joe Coley District #10 E.J. Johnson District #3 Kenny Bryant District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #11 Bob Pate District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker FY 2013 District #8 Perry Thompson District #12 James Frazier District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #1Thomas Williston District #9 Ted Dosh (passed 10–7–16) District #6 Joe Coley District #2 Tony Messenger District #10 Anthony Dillard FY 2004 District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #3 Kenny Bryant District #11 Bob Pate District #1 Hap Ward District #8 Perry Thompson District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #2 Mike Amos (4.12.03) District #9 Ted Dosh District #5 Ronald Perry District #3 Kenny Bryant, Speaker District #10 Anthony Dillard District #6 Joe Coley FY 2018 District #4 Delton Cox District #11 Bob Pate District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #1 Thomas Williston District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #12 James Frazier District #8 Perry Thompson District #2 Tony Ward District #6 Randle Durant (passed District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Kenny Bryant 3.04) FY 2009 District #10 Anthony Dillard District #4 Delton Cox District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #1 Hap Ward District #11 Bob Pate District #5, Ronald Perry District #8 Perry Thompson District #2 Mike Amos District #12 James Frazier District #6 Jennifer Woods District #9 Ted Dosh District #3 Kenny Bryant District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #10 E.J. Johnson District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker FY 2014 District #8 Perry Thompson District #11 Bob Pate District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #1 Thomas Williston District #9 James Dry District #12 James Frazier District #6 Joe Coley District #2 Tony Messenger District #10 Anthony Dillard District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #3 Kenny Bryant District #11 Bob Pate District #8 Perry Thompson District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #12 James Frazier District #9 Ted Dosh District #5, Ronald Perry FY 2005 District #10 Anthony Dillard District #6 Joe Coley District #1 Hap Ward District #11 Bob Pate District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #2 Mike Amos District #12 James Frazier District #8 Perry Thompson District #3 Kenny Bryant, Speaker District #9 Ted Dosh District #4 Delton Cox FY 2010 District #10 Anthony Dillard District #5 Charlotte Jackson District #1 Hap Ward (seat vacant 12.1.10) District #11 Bob Pate District #6 Joe Coley (seated 7.04) District #2 Mike Amos District #12 James Frazier District #7 Jack Austin, Sr. District #3 Kenny Bryant District #8 Perry Thompson District #4 Delton Cox, Speaker District #5 Charlotte Jackson

7 THE CHOCTAW TRAIL OF TEARS On May 28, 1830, President Andrew Jackson put his name in ink to a law that drastically changed life for the Choctaw people. The Indian Removal Act relocated Indian Nations westward to unsettled lands in what are now the states of Kansas and Oklahoma. Among those forced to move were the Choctaw, Cherokee, Creek, Seminole and Chickasaw, known as the Five Civilized Tribes. The first tribe to relocate after the Indian Removal Act was the Choctaw. On September 27, 1830, Choctaws signed the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek. The removal began in 1831. When the Choctaws reached Little Rock, according to “Choctaw Heritage” by Betty Jeanne Ward Poulin, Chief Nitakechi stated to the Arkansas Gazette that the removal was a “trail of tears and death.” This coined the phrase that is still used today when referring to all of the tribal removals.

The plight of the Choctaws boarding boats in Memphis French historian and political something lamentable about it. a thousand places, the most emaci- writer Alexis de Tocqueville tells The Indians advanced mournfully ated figure imaginable. She was his perspective from the unique toward the bank. First they had escorted by two or three generations eyewitness account of the Choc- their horses go aboard; several of of grandchildren. taws boarding of a steamboat at them, little accustomed to the forms To leave one’s country at that Memphis as they traversed the of civilized life, took fright and age to seek one’s fortune in a foreign Trail of Tears toward their new plunged into the Mississip[p]i, land, what misery! Among the old “home.” He called it an expulsion. from which they could be pulled people there was a young girl who Here is an excerpt regarding the out only with difficulty. Then came had broken her arm a week before; boarding of the for want of care boat. “In the whole scene there was an air of ruin and destruction, something which the arm had been “The Chactas betrayed a final and irrevocable adieu; one couldn’t watch without feeling one’s heart frozen below the were a power- wrung. The Indians were tranquil, but sombre and taciturn. There was one who could fracture…When ful nation living speak English and of whom I asked why the Chactas were leaving their country. ‘To be everything was on on the frontiers free,’ he answered, “I could never get any other reason out of him.” board the dogs ap- of the States of –Alexis de Tocqueville proached the bank; Alabama and but they refused to Georgia. After long negotiations enter the vessel and began howling they finally, this year, succeeded the men who, according to ordinary frightfully. Their masters had to in persuading them to leave their habits, carried only their arms; then bring them on by force.” the women carrying their children country and emigrate . . . The agent An excerpt from the historical letter of the American government, who attached to their backs or wrapped to his mother, Countess de Tocqueville, was accompanying them and was in the blankets they wore; they the plight of the Choctaws boarding responsible for paying their passage, were, besides, burdened down with boats in Memphis as witnessed by Alexis de Tocqueville. Reprinted from Selected when he learned that a steamboat loads containing their whole wealth. Finally the old people were led on. Letters on Politics and Society, ed. Roger had just arrived, ran to the bank. Boesche; trans. James Toupin and Roger Among them was a woman 110 But we had not left yet: it was Boesche (Berkley: University of California years old. I have never seen a more Press,1985) Copyright 1985 The Regents a question of embarking our exiled appalling shape. She was naked save of the University of California. Reprinted tribe, its horses and its dogs. Here for a covering which left visible, at by permission. began a scene which, in truth, had

8 FAREWELL TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE Written in 1831 by Choctaw Chief George W. Harkins

“Having determined to emigrate west of the Mississippi river this fall, I have thought proper in bidding you farewell… “We as Choctaws rather chose to suffer and be free, than live under the degrading influence of laws, which our voice could not be heard in their formation.”

It is possible to retrace the steps of those who came from Mississippi on that long, sad march along the trek of the Trail of Tears in Village Creek State Park, Arkansas. Here the path is worn down so far below ground level the roots of huge trees are exposed to view as you walk along the road. It is a very quiet and somber space to reflect while walking through the memories of those who came before.

9 FROM TERMINATION POLICY TO SELF–GOVERNANCE

contributed photo

10 In the mid-1940s there was a was vital to being a Nation. With Tribe regained move toward less federal finan- the Indian Self–Determination cial obligation to Indians, and less Act in 1975, the Choctaw Nation Self–Governance authority on tribal lands. In 1953, once again had the opportunity to Under the Indian Self–Deter- Public Law 280 transferred jurisdic- elect its Chief, rather than have an mination and Education Assis- tion over tribal lands to state and appointed Chief from the federal tance Act of 1975, PL 93-638, the local governments in five states— government. Elections were held Choctaw Nation had the freedom California, Wisconsin, Oregon, and a constitution was passed by to negotiate with the federal gov- Minnesota and Nebraska, with the Choctaw people in 1979 and a ernment so the tribe could hold respect to criminal offenses and new one in 1983, which the Choc- elections, take over administration civil causes of actions committed taw Nation of Oklahoma continues of the health services, contract BIA or arising on Indian reservations to operate under. Self-governance programs, and even begin busi- within the states and for other pur- gives the tribe the opportunity to nesses. A constitution was written poses. Alaska was added in 1958.(1) contract federal programs with and voted on, setting a platform for Resolution 108 was also passed by funding, and obtain grants to serve government. Tribal citizens were the House in 1953, which proposed communities and families in a way able to select their choice of Chief an end to federal supervision and that improves lives, creates better and Council members. (2) services for tribes. futures for Choctaws both inside Revenues from the tribe’s eco- Congress began terminating and outside the tribal boundaries, nomic development (slowly at first) funding for services and Native and fulfills the mission of the tribe. came in, more jobs were created, Americans began to or- and the tribe was able ganize opposition to the “We must affirm the right of the first Americans to remain Indians to offer members ser- termination. From 1953- while exercising their rights as Americans. We must affirm their vices that were paid from 1964, 109 tribes were right to freedom of choice and self-determination. We must seek new funds generated by the terminated and federal ways to provide Federal assistance to Indians-with new emphasis Choctaw Nation’s own responsibility and juris- on Indian self-help and with respect for Indian culture. And we must economy. assure the Indian people that it is our desire and intention that the diction were turned over Ideas flourished, to state governments. special relationship between the Indian and his government grow and flourish. For, the first among us must be not be last.” and the Choctaw Na- The fight from tribal President Lyndon Johnson, Message to Congress tion had opportunites to people against termina- “The Forgotten American,” March 6, 1968. become more affluent. tion intensified. Even As the stress of survival some Native American and making sure families churches began to be in- were fed began to wane, the Choc- volved in a grassroots effort of lobby (1)Public Law 280 (Pub.L. 83–280, August 15, 1953, codified as 18 U.S.C. § 1162, 28 U.S.C. taw Nation was able to focus once against termination of services and § 1360, and 25 U.S.C. §§ 1321–1326) is a (3) more on the culture. Programs to termination of tribes. In 1959, federal law of the United States establishing “a revive stickball, dance, language and The Choctaw Termination Act was method whereby States may assume jurisdiction over reservation Indians,” as stated in arts and crafts have been initiated. passed (Public Law 86-192). Con- McClanahan v. Arizona State Tax Commis- gress repealed the law on August 24, sion. 411 U.S. 164, 177 (1973). Today, the tribal economy (2)House Concurrent Resolution 108, 83rd continues to grow and is becoming 1970. If not repealed, the Choctaw Congress, first session 1953; archived Digital Nation of Oklahoma would have library OKstate.edu, Indian Affairs: Laws and more and more sustainable. The (4) Treaties, Vol. VI, Laws. cultural activities and teachings of ceased on August 25, 1970. (3)Bertram Bobb Legacy Film https://vimeo. the tribe are seen as tremendously Both Presidents Lyndon John- com/99264135 (4)Valerie Lambert, Political Protest, Conflict, valuable. son and Richard Nixon repudiated and Tribal Nationalism: The Oklahoma termination of the federal govern- Choctaws and the Termination Crisis of 1959–1970. ment’s relationship with Indian tribes. Retaining sovereign rights as a Nation was critical. Regaining the right to govern ourselves as a tribe

11 FAITH NA YIMMI

12 The Bertram Bobb Chapel was built on the Tvshka Homma Capitol Grounds in 2014. Named in honor of longtime Tribal Chaplain Bertram Bobb, the chapel is surrounded by tranquil hills and provides a place to worship, hold special events and gospel singings. The National Choctaw Day of Prayer service is held annually prior to the Sunday morning worship service on the Sunday of the Labor Day Festival.

13 TEN COMMANDMENTS

Framed copies of the Ten Commandments have been placed in all tribal facilities, written in the Chahta and English languages. This shows the freedom to exercise faith in God and His Son, Jesus Christ. While courthouses and state capitols across the United States have taken monuments of the Ten Commandments down, the tribe has erected one in both Chahta and English near the historic Council Chambers at Tvshka Homma. “The outward expression of faith is especially significant in today’s world when so many of the Ten Com- mandments monuments are being removed from courthouse lawns,” said Chief Batton. “The Choctaw Nation is proud to display the framed copies in our buildings and we were proud to unveil the monument on our sovereign land in front of the Council Chambers at Tvshka Homma.” “This is so important, we actually looked into ‘rescuing’ the monument that was removed from the State Capi- tol and placing it at the Choctaw Nation,” said Assistant Chief Jack Austin, Jr. “That monument had found another home, so we designed our own, with the Choctaw language being included.” Unveiling of the monument was celebrated at the annual Trail of Tears Walk festivities held May 20 at Tvshka Homma.

14 GROUNDED IN BELIEF AND FAITH

Gospel singings Announcements of gospel singings at locations across the Choctaw Nation now have a placeholder on the internet on Choctaw Nation.com so they can be seen globally. The dates and places can be viewed so that all can participate and spread the information of the singing.

Annual singings include the Sunday night singing during the Labor Day Festival at the Bertram Bobb Chapel, which features singing in the Choctaw language.

Leading the way to a better future for the Choctaw Nation

The youth share morning prayers at Choctaw Nation Day Cares and Head Starts.

15 Chaplains give guidance “We serve God in stress by talking, he ALL things,” says Olin provides an ear. He Williams, the Choc- makes it clear that he taw Nation Employee respects the pastors of Chaplain. “When the churches that the Chief Batton ap- employees are cur- pointed me, he said to rently attending. “I be like a pastor,” said don’t want to be ‘steal- Olin, who has been ing sheep’,” said Olin. ministering since the “This is not about ’70s. Ever since he denominations. I and his wife, Bernice, don’t want to confuse dedicated their lives employees—I rely on to Christ in 1974 they God for wisdom in have been working helping employees. I for the Lord through Olin Williams Johnnie Hutson don’t want to make a bus ministry, Sunday secular government. I school teaching and his preaching. Olin said this new want God to show me what to do.” opportunity had broadened his scope of what Christian There is a group of eight employees called the Apela work is and matured him as an individual. group that Olin coordinates with to help with pastor- Serving a large group of employees as a Chaplain ing employees when needed. “We are respectful of the has wide-ranging responsibilities. Olin says that he is employee’s privacy,” assured Olin. “God gives us the on call whenever needs arise, such as funerals, sick- wisdom—I’m just a guy who wants to listen. I don’t ness in families, or need of prayer. He has been called claim to know everything, because I don’t, but I want to upon for weddings, and will counsel couples prior to help.” any ceremony. When a traditional Choctaw wedding is As a man of God, Olin says it is important to bring requested, Olin makes sure the participants stay with a concept of Christianity to everyone’s attention. Christian elements. “My dream would be as people get more comfort- “A Choctaw church that sings hymns from the tra- able with their faith they become more open and they ditional Choctaw hymnal but didn’t know the transla- can talk about it, and they can walk it. It begins in the tion and theology of the songs asked me to come and heart first.” teach them the translations and theology behind the songs,” said Olin. He enjoys projects such as that, and Olin William’s Office of Employee Chaplain is lois following through with some basic language lessons cated in the Tribal Headquarters. He may be reached by to the parishioners to help them with the songs so they calling (580) 924-8280 ext. 2508 or by emailing olinwil- have a more complete understanding. [email protected]. As Chaplain, Olin gives devotionals in person and Chaplain for the Commerce Division of the tribe by emails for the employees, lifting spirits. He calls is based in the Gaming operation, which has over these “gold nuggets” he has picked up through the years 3,000 employees. Johnnie Hutson has served four and is blessed to share. “I sometimes do counseling, years as Chaplain, after returning from a deployment although if I feel professional counseling is needed, I as a National Guard Chaplain. Hutson is thankful for make referrals,” said Olin. “And there have been occa- the opportunity to assist others. “People need to have sions when I have made provisions for transportation someone they can go to and get help from,” said Hut- of employees to see relatives who are in the hospital. son. He also said a Chaplaincy is good for the working There are a lot of needs that pop up.” environment, and that managers and supervisors were very supportive of staff coming to him for assistance, Olin said that when employees need to relieve counseling or just to talk about a problem. “It is proven

16 that people can be more productive when they have or immediate family members who are incarcerated, issues and problems dealt with.” assist family members during time of separation and Maintaining confidentiality is the cornerstone of help with transition of individuals back into the main- the program. Private information will not be disclosed stream. to anyone by the Chaplain without permission. The Chaplains are knowledgeable about programs There are many things the Chaplain is available to that are available to associates and tribal members and do. Officiating weddings is among the most frequent are able to help coordinate assistance to fit the need. requests, and there are pre-marital discussions and Hutson’s office is at the Durant gaming operation, and follow-ups with the newlyweds. The Chaplain is able to is available to all gaming associates across the Choctaw officiate funerals, provide counsel to bereaved associ- Nation. ates or immediate family members, visit and report “I couldn’t think of a better calling or a better place on sick and injured workers, and even visit associates to minister,” said Hutson.

contributed photo

17 Living for Christ for 97 years

Lilliella Willis loves Jesus and you can see it Her husband, Elliston, was in the army dur- in everything around her. Her 97 years have been ing WWII, serving in Germany. She has three sons devoted to God and family. Her smile is gentle and who are also veterans, Everett Glenn, who served in her eyes are full of love. She surrounds her bed and Germany, Vernon James, who served in Korea and chairs with pictures of Jesus, her Bible and Sunday Norman Samuel who served in the Navy. She has two school work. There are also photos of her beloved other sons and three daughters, Elliston Stricklin Jr., family and some fun Christmas items. “It is Christ- Edgel Samuel, Elfreda Willis, Ramona Stricklin, and mas all year around here!” says her son, Glenn. “She Alice Thomas. loves Christmas.” What is the secret for living a long life? “I try to There is a small tree made of bright tinsel on eat food that is good for me and I don’t eat salt. And the wall above her bed and a plush penguin pillow I have a strong belief in God,” said Lilliella. to keep her comfy. She said they were gifts and she When asked what has made the biggest differ- enjoys looking at them. Her pictures and items bring ence in her life as far as man’s inventions go, she out her happy smile and she begins to talk about her thought a long time before responding. “Maybe elec- daily activities. tricity—maybe a washing machine because we used There is a Bible word search on the bed be- to have to wash clothes in the river.” side her that she has begun. “It goes along with my Every year a family reunion brings the Samuel Sunday School lesson,” she says. “I go to Bethel family together. Lilliella has 16 grandchildren and Hill Church. And I read my Bible every morning.” numerous great- and great-great-grandchildren. The family is active at the church. Her son had just returned from mowing its massive lawn. There are lots of other family members who are at the reunion each year. “It is a big crowd,” she says. In addition to enjoying church and working “I really look forward to it!” puzzles, Lilliella enjoys television, and one of her favorite shows is “The Golden Girls.” She laughs at the funny things the women on the show get into. Until recently, Lilliella spent a lot of time doing craftwork, making Bible covers, songbook covers, God’s Eyes and other decorative items. Lilliella was born to Samson Samuel and Kissey (Harris) Samuel, living about five miles from Smith- ville. She had five sisters and two brothers, although she is the only one still living. When she was 9 years old, her family sent her to Goodland Indian School for an education. She had a special friend, Norma Hicks, that she ran around with at Goodland. She left when she was in 8th grade to return to Smithville area to attend school there. “I enjoy going to the Labor Day Festival. Last year it was too hot,” said Lilliella. “I like to just sit around. Sometimes I watch the ball games and I like the gospel singing.”

18 19 PANKI BOK A look back in history

The Panki Bok Cumberland Presbyterian Church in Eagletown is one of the most recognized historic sites in the area. Formed in 1905 with a congregation of eight, it has endured over a century. A Choctaw fact to add to the information: Panki Bok means “Grape Creek” in the Choctaw language. August 18, 2016. Randy Jacobs performed the services. There is a small church cemetery to the east. The The handcrafted pulpit is the epitome of a coun- tombstones are few, and Code Talker Calvin Wilson try church, stained wood, a simple cross and a sturdy is among those resting in peace. Wilson donated the foundation. property the church is on, part of his original allot- Even in the empty church when services are dis- ment. missed, echoes of Choctaw hymns seem to spirit The historic Panki Bok Church in Eagletown was toward the front of the church. Perhaps the love of an formed and received under the care of the Presbytery entire century of worship and close-knit families has and placed upon the roll in 1905. The congregation was seeped into the very wood of the church. organized with eight members, led by C.J. Hudson. Although moss creeps up the north side of the Today, the 113-year-old church is showing wear building and the belfry is leaning to the south, the and tear, although it still has occasional use. During Panki Bok Church offers a peaceful and wonderful funerals and other services, parking is on the grassy opportunity to anyone passing through Eagletown. It is lawn (when weather permits), and the solid wooden well worth a drive-by to view the site, contemplate the pews will easily seat about 80 parishioners. Two of the past, take a photo, and offer a prayer. This part of Mc- last funerals held in the church were for Patricia Ann Curtain County history, and Choctaw history, contin- McKinney on May 15, 2016, and Mildred Ashalintubbi ues to age—experience it while you can.

20 SEE YOU AT THE POLE Faith was expressed throughout the Choctaw Nation in September with tribal staff and friends across the 10 1/2 counties joining hands and praying during the nationwide call to “See You At the Pole”. This was an opportunity to come together, to build covenant relationships and trust, and bring unity through prayer, repentance, forgiveness and fellowship. “Having an opportunity to gather in prayer is important. This is an event the Choctaw Nation plans to continue. I enjoy participating in ‘See You At the Pole’ and am very thankful that the youth of our tribe are being included so they will be the future leaders of the faith, family and culture of our tribe,” said Chief Batton.

Choctaw Nation Day Care Centers from across the Choctaw Nation were among those participating in See You At the Pole Prayer Day. contributed photo

The 66th annual observance of the National Day of Prayer was recognized on May 4, 2017.

“For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them.” Matthew 18:20 KJV.

21 FAMILY CHUKKACHVFFA

Celebrating a centennial

22 Ernestine McKay was born June 26, 1917 I was offered a job in Kansas with four small tribes and was to Mary Elizabeth (Fowler) and Ernest able to go there until retirement. It was a nice town to live in Townsend. Ernestine’s mother was a so I stayed on there even after retirement,” said Mrs. McKay. Wheelock graduate, where she graduat- “I came back to McCurtain County when my parents ed with tremendous accomplishments needed me, and eventually bought this house in Idabel.” including being able to play piano. Widowed when she was young, two sons born to her She even taught music as Ernes- and her husband from North Dakota were raised mostly tine grew up. Ernestine did not by herself. “They turned out good,” says Ernestine. “One is attend school at Wheelock, but in California and one is in Minnesota.” No grandchildren, remembers having her tonsils but photos of great-nephews are in the front room, and out there. she glows with pride as she talks about them, and how she “My mother was a very enjoys them. talented, and a very artistic She has had a good life being back in the Idabel area, person,” said Ernestine. and has fond memories of times of her youth. She spoke of “She could sew, paint, when her father had taken her to some Choctaw dances. sing—and she could “They were usually at night, and they just wore regular cook!” The family made clothes, not the ceremonial clothes with white diamonds it through the depression like you see today,” she said. When asked if she ever danced, by raising their own food Ernestine’s eye’s twinkled and she laughed. “I never danced and doing a lot of can- with the Choctaw dancers, but I did plenty of other kinds of ning. “We had hundreds of dancing and loved it!” jars of canned goods from the garden,” said Ernestine. A highlight of her college life at Southeastern was when “And I remember my mother Mrs. Roosevelt visited the school and as a member of the making the best butter! She Women’s Council, Ernestine was in the receiving line. “I had would make extra and sell it for been gifted an evening gown from a kind person and it was 25 cents a pound.” so thrilling to be dressed up and to receive the First Lady.” Ernestine lived at Oklahoma Travel was a fun part of her adult life, and she has visited Presbyterian College in Durant while many countries. “I have had a great life! I have just about did taking courses at Southeastern State Col- it all—maybe I would still like to visit the southeast islands.” lege, then she moved to Minneapolis, Minn. What does she think has made the biggest difference for graduate school. “My mother instilled in me in all the inventions in her lifetime? “The internet—even the importance of getting a good education and did though I don’t have it,” said Ernestine. When talking about everything she could to help me. Between my parents, NASA and the trips to space, her opinion was that even and BIA and Choctaws, my sister and I got educated.” though space travel was expensive, it was important to keep Ernestine’s entire career was as a BIA Social Worker going. “And now they are talking about going to Mars!” for Native American families, spending two differ- Living a long, successful life is admirable, and when ent assignments with the Rosebud Sioux, and also in asked for advice to impart upon the rest of us, especially Oregon, Oklahoma, Kansas, and 23 years on the Navajo the youth, Ernestine immediately offered these wise words, reservation. She even spent some time in Alaska. “I believe “Stay in school. Go as far as you can. Get ahead! And stay in working with families,” said Ernestine. She off drugs!” enjoyed her career and felt she made She has a large church family in Idabel who looks after a difference in many people’s her, bringing tapes of the services when she can’t attend, as lives. well as heaping plates of food from church dinners. A family “I had lived for of Sioux that she knew from her days as a social worker on years way out the Rosebud reservation also lives in Idabel now, so that is a in the sticks nice connection for her as well. Other friends and relatives and had check on her and help, and she is amazingly independent. A gotten century of experiences, a happy smile and interesting stories tired make this lovely lady a joy to be around. of it.

23 Edith Carney answered the said sweetly, “And my grandson, her mother and father. They worked phone with a chipper, even hearty, Sean, gave me 100 this year.” hard for what they had—her father “Hello!” sharecropped, farming crops like Sean’s dad, Calvin, assured her, cotton, peanuts and soybeans. She When asked about her very “Next year, you will get 101 roses!” special birthday a couple of days had two brothers and seven sisters earlier, she laughed and said, “YES! Her home was fragrant with the growing up. Their parents were I had a birthday and I had a BIG abundance of other floral tributes Charles and Adelene Winningham. party! A lot of people came and my to the century of love she had given. Two sisters, Jo Ella, 94, and Millie, grandson gave me 100 roses—one “I got a lot of cards, and people 88, live in nearby towns. Both were for each year!” wrote a lot of nice things in them,” able to attend the January birthday said Edith. “It makes me feel really party. Edith celebrated her 100th good.” birthday on January 10, 2017 with Growing up, chores were fam- about 85 of her closest family and Edith enjoys thinking about the ily affairs, so when cotton needed friends. “I got 99 roses last year,” she good memories growing up with hoed, the kids went to the field. And

A sweeter rose never bloomed 24 the work always had to get done. “I remember Edith’s chair. She reads every day, and if the once four of us kids were wanting to go to a book is interesting, she might keep reading party and our father told us we had to finish until after midnight. There are a lot of authors hoeing the cotton before we could go,” Edith she finds enjoyable, but Nora Roberts is her fa- said. vorite. Television provides some entertainment “I knew we would never finish in time to for her as well. A fan of “The Young and The get cleaned up and get to the party, so I con- Restless,” “The Voice” and “Judge Judy,” Edith vinced the others to just hoe a little on each end is looking forward to the next season of “The of the little patch of cotton we needed to finish, Voice,” and says she thinks the world needs leaving the middle. We didn’t think our father some more people like Judge Judy. would notice. He walked straight through the Determination is evident in story after middle of the field the next day, and saw we story. Edith is a remarkable woman. She has hadn’t finished—he marched us right back built great memories for her family. Widowed out there and we hoed ’til we finished!” Edith at a young age, she raised two boys, Calvin, said the other three siblings were mad at her named after his father, and young Victor. Edith because she had talked them into skimping on supported the family by taking care of children. their work, but she told them they should have At one point, her in-home childcare had nine thought for themselves, especially since they children. “They were all good children,” she were all older than her. “They were bigger than said, and went on to talk about her continued me so they didn’t have to listen! They called me fondness for each and every one of them as they the ringleader!” grew into adulthood. She still keeps in touch She learned great work ethics from her with some of them, and is happy to see them experiences growing up. She even sweeps the and their families in the neighborhood. “I did floor while on her walker. Instead of being the love every one of the kids,” she said. “Christmas chef” though, she said she was “the Edith learned to rely on herself when boss” during the Christmas cooking last year. something needed done. A few years after her That way, she could make sure the dressing was home had been built, the lot needed some sand “just right.” to build it up for water drainage. Twenty-three When asked what the greatest invention dump trucks (yes—23 TRUCKS) of sand were was in her lifetime, Edith answered, “Electric- carried by wheelbarrow and hand-shoveled ity.” Even though electricity makes life conve- by Edith to level out her yard. “I used to have nient, she still has three antique lamps for when a beautiful yard with roses and everything,” the power goes out, so she will always have she said. “I mowed it myself until I was 93, but light. one day I pulled back on the lawnmower and almost fell, so I thought it might be time to give Hobbies of jigsaw puzzles and reading keep that job to someone else.” her occupied. “I don’t know how anyone can just sit around and do nothing!” Her puzzles are Does she have a secret diet for healthy usually 500 or 1,000 pieces—when she finishes living? Edith said she tries to eat healthy someone, she will pass it on to another puzzle- times, but she eats plenty of chips, cookies and master, but often leaves the outside framework candy, too. She also tries to stay stress-free by for the recipient, so they have a head start. She saying what she thinks. “I speak my mind. If I had just finished putting together a 1,500-piece am wrong, I admit it. If not, I stick to it. puzzle, and was looking forward to starting a “I have had a good life! I bless the Lord slightly smaller one that was a birthday pres- every day!” She said she thinks people are as ent—a beautiful jigsaw of a Thomas Kincaid young as they feel. How young does she feel? painting. “About 19!” she laughs. A sweeter rose Thanks to her granddaughter, there is Edith is a blessing to all the people in her never bloomed always a nice stack of novels on the shelf beside life. Prayers for many more roses. 25 Yvonne Huser stands between a poster of herself–Princess Pale Moon in full regalia, (this poster is one of the Postcards that is part of the historic post card collection on display at the Oklahoma State Capitol) and a portrait of her mother, Evening Star. Once a princess, always a princess Choctaw Chief William Durant Yvonne still has the huge white the headdress. “The way to put the bestowed the honor of “Lifetime drum that served as a stage for her headdress on for the parade was to Princess of the Choctaw Nation” performances. Because she had mount the horse, then put the head- upon Yvonne Lyons Huser in 1940, studied ballet since the age of four, dress on after I was in the saddle. giving her the name of Princess Pale it was easy to transfer her talent to The reason was, if the horse looked Moon. She represented her tribe at the legendary dances of the Choc- back and saw the headdress, he events, ceremonies, parades, pow taw. “One dance hurt my feet, the might get spooked and bolt. Well, at wows and festivals all over the state Tick Dance!” Yvonne remembered. a parade in Sulphur, the horse must of Oklahoma. Yvonne was 14 when In addition to dancing, she have looked back! He bolted and it Chief Durant gave her the name and her mother were available for was all I could do to hang on. I did Princess Pale Moon, and has spent speeches about Choctaw culture, everything I could to stop him, but a lifetime finding ways to share the and they had a large collection of he ran and ran. It was over a mile culture and history of the Choctaw artifacts that traveled with them for before two other riders were able to Nation. display while Dora lectured. Yvonne get on either side of me and get the Her mother, Dora May McClure often wore tribal regalia, and in horse stopped!” said Yvonne. Lyons, was known as Evening Star. addition to Choctaw clothing, had She graduated law school, but Finding a book on Choctaw dances, other tribal regalia including beau- rather than go into law practice Dora helped Yvonne interpret the tiful white buckskin, bells and a full with her husband, a love of art, dances in a way that a single dancer headdress that she would wear. She family and heritage continued to could show the steps and explain told a story of one of the many pa- fill Yvonne’s time. They raised three the meaning of many of the dances. rades she was asked to lead wearing daughters, and she opened an art

26 studio above her husband Stanley’s the many awards she has won with to honor her for her work she was law office. “I had planned to en- her oils, charcoals and sculptures. A doing on behalf of Choctaws during force the treaties when I got my law golden medal hangs on a deep red the time he served as State Repre- degree! But I never practiced law!” ribbon—the 2004 Governor’s Art sentative. said Yvonne with a smile. Award for Community Service. When asked what her favorite Art had always interested her. “I love being at the studio. painting is that she has done over She said she was happy as a lark This is where I feel at home,” said the years, Yvonne responds, “Gen- as a small child if she just had Yvonne. She has been very active in erally, I like whatever I am working crayons and a Big Chief tablet. “I her hometown of Holdenville, serv- on at the time!” began painting Mother’s collection ing as the president of Holdenville Yvonne talked about the ups of baskets and artifacts when I got Inter–Tribal Arts and Crafts and and downs of the art market. She older.” Yvonne doesn’t claim to have the Society of Painters and Sculp- said once she was having a hard a lot of formal training as an artist, tors, marketing the work of Native time selling art, and had lost faith in although she took classes from two Americans to museums and other being able to sell. “One lady came of the finest painters she had ever outlets. Thanks to her service as the in and bought everything I had on met. park commissioner, several beau- hand. And didn’t argue about the Yvonne enjoys painting still lifes tification projects in Holdenville price.” of items she has arranged, portraits, were developed. A walking path in Her world travels have taken and interpretive historical images. It Stroup Park is named for her. She her to many beautiful places and is also impressive to see the collec- designed four stained glass win- adventures, such as Egypt, where tion of sculptures in her studio. The dows for the front doors of Bar- she saw King Tut’s tomb when he detail of the work is extraordinary. nard Memorial United Methodist was still ensconced there; Beth- When asked how she had become Church and is a trustee there. lehem before it was modernized; so adept at doing facial features on Two of Yvonne’s paintings were the River Jordan where she was portraits and sculptures, Yvonne accepted by the Smithsonian’s Na- able to obtain water for a spiritual said that it is important to know the tional Museum of the American In- portrait of a nephew; France where shape of a skull, eye sockets, etc. She dian in Washington, D.C. In 2014, she viewed the Mona Lisa at the has models of skulls such as what the Oklahoma Legislature presented Louvre; Florence where she was medical students use to help teach a citation to Yvonne Huser “Prin- awed by Michelangelo’s David; and people who take her art classes and cess Pale Moon” as recognition and many other places that inspired her she encourages them to feel their commendation for her life’s work to create and share art and history. own face to learn the true shape of promoting and preserving Native “Nowhere I traveled was as beauti- features. “Once you know the true American culture in Oklahoma. ful as Oklahoma!” she said. shape of something, you just draw This was the second time she had “I was not worthy of any talent the shape,” Yvonne said. stood in front of the House of or awards,” said Yvonne. “God just A pile of ribbons in front of Representatives. Chief Harry Belvin sent it to me.” artwork at the studio is testimony to had presented her to the Legislature

27 Patriot, Hero, Father Willard Leroy Ward was living in Hous- Good Conduct Medal, American Defense ton in 1941 when the Japanese bombed Pearl Medal and a WWII Victory Medal. The back Harbor. Even though he had just been dis- of the Victory Medal reads, “Freedom from charged from the Army four months earlier, Fear and Want—Freedom of Speech and news of the attack made him want to re-enlist. Religion.” He also has a Distinguished Unit This time, though, Ward thought he would Citation. like to try the Air Force. “The planes were the “I made a few missions,” says Ward way to go!” said Ward. He thought that was humbly, “Those were some rough times. I the best option to winning the war. still have some lead in me,” said Ward. “They He went to an Air Force recruiter in got most of it out.” Credited for a confirmed Houston and was turned away because he hit in 1945, shooting down an Me109, Ward weighed six pounds too much. Not to be has told the story of the German plane that denied his patriotic dream, Ward jogged for slid across and turned right in front of his gun hours to get his weight down. After dehydrat- barrel. Ward is quoted as saying, “I let him ing himself six pounds, he met the weight have it full force and he exploded!” limit and was signed up as a member of the He prefers to focus on good and fun United States Air Force, beginning his 20-year memories, like having Clark Gable as a mem- career in that service. ber of the 8th Air Force. “We could follow Wanting to see action in the air, Ward him into town and the girls would flock to trained and worked hard to become an expert him. We could always get attention from his gunner. He shipped out in 1943 when the 8th leftovers,” laughed Ward. Other famed pilots Air Force deployed to Europe and served as in the 8th Air Force included Jimmy Stewart a waist gunner on a B-17 aircraft called “The and Tom Landry. Those who flew together Spirit of America.” This means he was the bonded. He became best friends, “like broth- gunner on the left side or “blind” side of the ers,” with a gunner from the ball turret on the pilot, a critical position. B-17, Herman Molen. An interview videoed Casualties were high during WWII— in 1995 can be seen on youtube.com under very few airmen finished 25 missions, which the title “B-17 Display Reunites World War II was the length of one tour. After finishing Buddies.” his first 25 missions, Ward signed up for a One of Ward’s best memories bringing a second tour, finishing another 16—a total twinkle to his eye is talking about his “Beauti- of 43 missions. On July 4, 1943, Ward was ful Maxine,” who he met after coming home wounded when he was hit in the chest with from the war. Maxine caught his eye while she shrapnel from a 20 mm. He lay on the floor was working at a soda fountain. They were of the plane in a pool of blood for a bit, but married in 1946, raised four children and knowing the pilot, his crew and America were joyously celebrated their 62nd anniversary depending on him, Ward pulled himself back before she went on to be with the Lord. to his post and manned his gun to fire on He and Maxine loved the beach and made the Germans. He earned three medals that a trip to the Bahamas once, although family one day—a Silver Star, a Purple Heart, and a vacations to Galveston were about as far as Distinguished Flying Cross. they wanted to travel most of the time. After Other military awards displayed in Ward’s all, he had been based in England and flown home from his tours include a U.S. Air Medal, over Europe. He had seen a lot of the world.

Dennis Ward, Leisa Kirby and Vicky Letson surround their beloved father, “Choctaw Bill.”

28 29 It was good to focus on family and home. Two sons and Cotton Bowl Classic. They jumped in his friend’s early two daughters (Dennis, Don, Vicky and Leisa) enriched Model T and headed to Dallas. The game was between their lives. Ward also has three grandchildren and eight TCU and Marquette University, ending with a score of great-grandchildren. 16-6 respectively. The young servicemen didn’t have Ward retired from the Air Force as a Master Sear- money for a hotel, so after driving to Dallas, they spent gant, and his civilian career was a lineman for Texas the night in the bus station, went to the ballgame in the Power and Light. He had an especially exciting day on morning and drove back to base after dark so they could the job when he was at the top of a pole in Centerville be on duty the following day. working on a transformer and the pole broke off at the Extremely active until a fall at age 97 decreased his ground. “I rode that pole all the way down!” The acci- mobility, Ward was a regular at the Veterans Day parades dent dislocated his shoulder, but didn’t damage his spirit and was a speaker at the elementary schools. He drove or his good attitude. his own car until age 97. What hobbies interest Ward? A large garden was Talking about his childhood, Ward said he attended important at the Ward place. “Choctaw Bill,” as he likes Friendship School, and would walk home to do chores. to be called, kept up with the garden out back and the “I helped with everything around the house, from drying yard work until a few years ago. He is also a champion at dishes to feeding cows.” crossword puzzles. He worked three a day (from the Dal- Sometimes family and school friends would get las Morning News, Palestine Herald Press and the Tyler together and play some softball. “I have even hit a home Morning News) until age 97. Now he is content to do the run!” said Ward. puzzles on Wheel of Fortune. He can guess the answers before Vanna can light up the letters! He enjoys watching Good ethics and values were taught to Bill Ward and other game shows, too, keeping his mind bright, and also his siblings. “I don’t remember ever hearing my daddy says he enjoys television in general. say a cuss word. I don’t cuss either. It is just not necessary,” said Ward. His dad also depended on him from an A sports enthusiast, Ward’s teams are the Mavericks early age. “I was just 10 when Dad bought a Model A car and the Cowboys. While he was stationed in Galveston and had me drive it home from town. He told everyone, in the military, he and a buddy decided to attend the first ‘Willard can drive’.” What does Choctaw Bill attribute to his long life? “I’ve kept my nose clean!” In addition to good, clean living, his son, Dennis, said he could remember Ward saying the only enemies he ever made were the Germans! Does he follow a special diet? “Nope, I eat whatever is put in front of me,” says Ward. “I like cereal at breakfast, and I like bacon and eggs.” His favorite thing to eat is Mexican food. He says it is all good. Always positive, Ward said, “I’ve had a life—a GOOD one! I’ve been in some rough times on the ground and in the air. I don’t know if I would change anything. I just remember them and know I’m still a’kickin!”

Willard Ward passed away June 19, 2017, a few months after this interview. He would have been 101 years old on August 17.

30 Rattan legend turns 100 Leo Smallwood of Rattan wanted to see what the war looked celebrated his 100th birthday like from the air. After sharing July 22, 2017. Family and friends stories of the terribly cold weather joined him for food, fun and lots Leo had been submitted to, the of memories. “The corner piece of Airmen presented Leo with fur– cake is my favorite,” said Leo with lined pants and jacket, which he a smile. truly appreciated. “It was against The war hero, sports legend Army regulations to wear them, of Rattan and beloved family man but I sure appreciated those guys had plenty to talk about with the for doing it!” He also appreciated many people attending his party. the three cartons of cigarettes Any visit with Leo is an interest- they gave him, since smokes were ing history of our Nation and area. rationed. He quit smoking later in Leo was a teacher at Frazier Valley, life. a one-teacher school, when he Upon returning to the states, was drafted into the Army during Leo found that his little school WWII. Basic Training was at Fort was gone, so he and a buddy be- Sill. “Some of the soldiers who gan looking for work in the Dallas area. They paid for room and were shot up were coming back, A young Smallwood in uniform so we went to Camp Wolters, Tex- board, and some extracurricular as, for artillery training. I was in ing in the Air Force at the same activities with Leo’s winnings from the Infantry. I landed on Omaha time Leo was in the Army. With a poker that he brought home with Beach six days after the Invasion,” melancholy look, Leo said, “Since him from the Army. It wasn’t long, said Leo. He was in the Battle my mom and dad were without though, before the Rattan superin- of the Bulge. “It was the coldest hardly any communications, I tendent called and asked Leo if he weather I believe ever existed,” often wondered if they knew what wanted a job teaching and coach- said Leo. “A lot of the guys lost danger we were really in. My ing. He was at work the following fingers, feet, and even arms from brother, Roy, was in the 8th Air Monday morning and made a frostbite,” said Leo, who was for- Force, stationed out of London. I career at Rattan School. tunate to find some newspaper to was able to get a seven-day pass, The first year he taught Jr. wrap his feet in, then found some and even though all our locations High American History and old French snowshoes to wear. He and everything were kept pretty coached the girls’ team. After credits these “lucky finds” to keep- secret, I went to the Red Cross and that he was the principal, taught ing his feet from freezing during found out where he was. I made it American History and coached the war. “My feet still get cold to London and went in where he both boys and girls. Coaching sometimes.” He keeps a blanket and his buddies were. They were the teams meant there was a lot over his legs and feet. His favorite sitting down and eating dinner at of traveling to other schools in is the Wisdom Blanket gifted him a table set like they were at home. the area, including Finley, where by Chief Batton. I wasn’t used to that! I was used to a pretty young lady was teaching “I was overseas 18 months. eating by opening a can!” Leo said third grade. He soon began court- They were going to give Belgium Roy was thrilled to be surprised ing her, and when he asked Jane to to the Führer for a Christmas by big brother and it was a treat to be his wife, she said yes. She was present, but he was disappointed!” have a really good meal. able to begin teaching in Rattan the following year, and they made said Leo. “I even went on a flying mis- the town their home to raise six A younger brother was serv- sion with them,” said Leo, who

31 32 Perhaps succeeding in sports as a youth spurred his competi- tive nature as a coach. During his coaching career at Rattan, Leo led the school to over 625 baseball victories and 15 district titles. His basketball teams also did well, winning over 600 games and nine district titles. He actually changed Rattan’s sports program, starting with the school colors. Once black and orange, he changed them to green and white, which they remain today. He is very proud of being known for creating the Rattan school baseball program. Leo said he is still very interested in sports, and likes to watch ballgames on television. He is Smallwood received the American Campaign Medal, Good Conduct Medal, Sharp Shooter Rifle also interested in Choctaw cul- Badge, European, African, Middle Eastern Campaign (EAME) Service Ribbon with three Bronze ture and history. His son, Steve, Stars, and a WWII Victory Medal. His dog tags are also framed with his medals. said Leo is artistically inclined and is a good carpenter. He re- children. They had been married 68 years when she members when Leo took a draw shave knife and made passed on May 27, 2016. a bois d’arc bow for the sons. He also made some of “When I was coaching, my wife backed me in the furniture for the home. everything I did!” said Leo proudly. “She always had Active all his life, even his hobbies centered my meals ready before I caught the bus, and she only around outdoor work. He said his hobby was his missed six weeks total in all her years of teaching. cattle. Leo had cattle and enjoyed working with them Together we had 67 years in public education.” He is until he was 97 years old, when he sold all 91 of them. delighted that the family they raised realized the im- Until that point, Leo was working the cattle himself. portance of education. All of his children and grand- “It was as sad as a funeral when I sold them,” said Leo. children have college degrees. He has some advice for young people. “Be your- Proudly displayed in his home is a silver trophy selves—be who you are. Do not ever act as someone that has the distinguished history of being the very superior!” first trophy that Rattan School ever won. It was from a baseball club that Leo and his brother, William, When asked the secret to living so long, Leo says, played with. The trophy is engraved “Champions, “Oh, I don’t know, maybe good clean living, maybe 1935, SEOK League, Jack Cornelius Trophy.” During good country food! I never remember, even during the 1935 Kiamichi Conference, Leo Smallwood’s posi- the depression, going to bed hungry. My mom always tion was short stop, and brother William Smallwood managed to cook up enough for the table.” And maybe played first base. Clyde Fleming was second base on he has good Choctaw genes. His mother lived until the team, Thomas Wall was third. The outfield was she was 95, and his dad until he was 97. covered by Coy Buchanan, Gene Bradley and Homer Any advice from Leo is bound to be good advice. Allen. The duties of pitcher and catcher for the team He has a smile, bright eyes, a cheerful attitude and a were covered by Odel Lindly and O.J. Lindly. sharp wit. And he is generous, too. He even shared his birthday cake—even the favored corner piece!

33 CULTURE AIIMVLHPISA

WORDS WIN WAR McCurtain County Tvshka became a hero

Oklahombi, most comfortable at home in the McCurtain County woods.

34 Joseph Oklahombi of Wright City, born in 1892, has been lauded as Oklahoma’s greatest war hero of World War I. Oklahombi had lived quietly in the Kiamichi Mountains with only a few neighbors around him when he walked from his home to enlist at Idabel, the county seat. After basic training, the young Choctaw was sent to France. A month before the armistice in 1918, Oklahombi and his buddies in Company D, 141st Infantry, 36th Division, were cut off from the rest of the company. They came across a German machine gun emplacement, with about 50 trench mortars. Cross- ing “No Man’s Land” numerous times, the Choctaw warrior assisted his wounded friends and carried information back to headquarters about the enemy. Oklahombi moved about 200 yards over open ground against artillery and machine gun fire, rush- ing a machine gun nest and capturing one of the guns. Turning the weapon on the enemy, the Americans held the Germans down with blistering fire for four days until their surrender. Of the enemy, 171 were taken prisoner. General orders cited Oklahombi for his bravery for his actions. He was awarded the Silver Star to be worn on the Victory Ribbon by General Pershing, and the Croix de Guerre from Marshal Henri Phillippe Pertain. On another occasion, Oklahombi confronted a German troop having a meal and resting in a cemetery. Enclosed by high walls with only one gate, Oklahombi covered the gate with blistering fire. A true marksman, Oklahombi killed the Germans by the dozens, 79 according to some reports, until the whole force surrendered. Besides his fighting activities in Europe during the war, Oklahombi was valuable to Allied Troops because of his Choctaw language and his service as a Code Talker. The Choctaw Nation of Okla- homa is thankful and very impressed contributed photo with the efforts of a group of students

35 from Mannsville, Okla., who have by the students was with historian been working hard for three years to Jed Dunham who notified them of a have Joseph Oklahombi awarded the plaque in France in the entrance at Medal of Honor. The tribe and others the American Monument at Blanc have made this request to the United Mont, Sommeby, placed by the Tour- States government for years, and the ist Council of the Department of students’ efforts have exceeded all the Marne. This plaque has a photo expectations and have been receiv- of Oklahombi in his military uni- ing great feedback. The students and form. Curious, Mannsville School their teacher, Nellie Garone, have teacher Nellie Garone contacted researched Oklahombi, his comrades, David W. Bedford, Superintendent WWI, the area he served in France of the American Battle Monuments and built relationships with people Commission that maintains Meuse– across the globe. Collaboration of Argonne American Cemetery in all who have joined in this effort has Montfaucon, France. He said, “There resulted in a wealth of news clippings are other similar signs; the signs are a and some of Oklahombi’s military part of a route that takes the visitor to records. various WWI sites in the area. ...The Oklahombi wearing medal In order to complete a successful folks that put up the sign asked for application for the Medal of Honor, our advice and since we knew of Jo- an “eyewitness accounting” is being or a journal entry where an eyewit- seph Oklahombi we thought he was sought. This could be in the form ness writes about it. Any information a good choice. There’s a website to the of a letter from one of Oklahombi’s to help with this historic quest would Interpretive Center at Suippe, a part military companions who witnessed be greatly appreciated. of the route: http://www.marne14-18. fr/index.php/circuit.” his heroics and wrote home about it, One of the relationships built

Translation of the sign in Sommeby, France reads: A place, a character: After the conquest of Blanc-Mont, the American 2nd Division was gradually relieved by the American 36th Division, this division was comprised of men originally from Texas and Oklahoma. Indians from the Choctaw tribe were incorporated into the force, for one specific purpose by the order of the American commander: to transmit coded messages in their Indian language. The Germans no longer managed to decrypt the intentions of the American troops. The Choctaw Indians became code talkers. On October 8, 1918 near St. Etienne-a-Arne, the Choctaw Indian Joseph Oklahombi was in a delicate situation with 23 of his comrades. They erew cut off from their company and under fire from a fortified position. He convinced his comrades to attack, the German position was taken, and they discovered automatic weapons and short range mortars. But this action left them totally isolated and four days they resisted German counter-attacks. Liberated, Joseph and his comrades had 171 prisoners. He received the Silver Star and the French Croix de Guerre for his act of bravery. After he returned to Oklahoma, he lived the traditional life of his tribal ancestors: as a hunter, fisherman and farmer. At his death in 1960, military honors were restored to him.

contributed photos

36 OKLAHOMA BRIDGES HONOR CHOCTAW CODE TALKERS

Legislation has passed in Oklahoma creating the • Joseph Davenport—Highway 3 east of Antlers Choctaw Code Talkers Bridge Naming Program. This near Finley at Dumpling Creek Act honors the 23 Choctaw Code Talkers of WWI Choctaw County: and WWII by putting their names on bridges near • Tobias Frazier—Highway 70 near Fort Towson their hometowns. The signs for bridges bearing the over Raymond Gary Lake names of WWI Code Talkers are being developed as a partnership between the State Department of Trans- Bryan County: portation, the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations and • Ben Hampton—Highway 70 near Bennington at the Choctaw Code Talkers Association. Sulphur Creek The first unveiling is expected to be at Bokchito • Joseph Oklahombi—Highway 70 east of Bok- Creek on Highway 70E in honor of Joseph Okla- chito at Bokchito Creek (Big Creek) hombi. The date and time will be announced as soon • Ben Colbert—Highway 70 near Durant at as details are confirmed. Other locations in honor of Kanola Creek Code Talkers are as follows: • Walter Veach—Highway 70 bypass over Old Highway 70 east of Durant WWI Code Talkers Pontotoc County: LeFlore County: • Otis Leader—Highway 48 south of Allen at Sincere Creek • Albert Billy—Highway 270 west of Wister at Mountain Creek Bridge Johnston County: McCurtain County: • Pete Maytubby—Highway 7 at Pennington Creek at the Fish Hatchery • Mitchell Bobb—approximately 1.3 miles east of intersection of Highway 3 and CR N4495 near Rufe at Cypress Creek WWII Code Talkers • James Edwards—Highway 3 west of Broken Bow All of the WWII Code Talkers will be honored at near Glover at Boktuklo bridges in Pittsburg County near McAlester. • Robert Taylor—Highway 3 at the bridge located • Schlicht Billy—approximately 1,800 feet west of southbound approximately 2,300 feet north of the intersection of SH1 and the Indian Nation the SH3 bridge over Little River near Idabel Turnpike at Sandy Creek • Jeff Nelson—Highway 3 at the northbound • Andrew Perry—approximately 1.6 miles west of bridge located approximately 2,300 feet north of the intersection of SH1 and the Indian Nation the SH3 bridge over Little River near Idabel Turnpike at Coal Creek • Calvin Wilson—Highway 70 near Eagletown at • Davis Pickens—East of Krebs on SH 31 at Mud Lick Creek Creek • Ben Carterby—Highway 3 near Bethel at Bok- • Forreston Baker—SH 113 at Coal Creek tuklo Creek • Noel Johnson—Highway 259 south of Smithville In 2013 Oklahoma Legislation was passed and at Eaglefork Creek signs were unveiled along Highway 3 marking the stretch between Antlers and Broken Bow as WWI • Solomon Louis—Highway 259 near Hochatown Choctaw Code Talkers Highway. A future honor for at Yanubbee Creek the Code Talkers is a granite memorial marker bear- Pushmataha County: ing the names of the men that will be placed at Ant- • Victor Brown—Highway 3 approximately 2,000 lers. feet west of the town of Oleta at Frazier Creek The Choctaw Code Talkers are an important part • George Davenport—Highway 3 near Antlers at of tribal history and also a part of Oklahoma and Beaver Creek national history.

37 TRIBUTES TO VETERANS

Choctaw youth place wreaths to honor tribal veterans

The Choctaw Nation Youth Advisory Board (YAB) constructed and ceremoniously placed wreaths at the Capitol Grounds at Tvshka Homma over the Memo- rial Day weekend to honor tribal veterans. The teens wanted to do a project that would honor the men and women who had served in the United States military and decided to have a ceremony to place wreaths on the War Memo- rial at the front entrance of the Capitol Grounds and to place flags and wreaths on each grave at the Veterans Cemetery at the Capitol. The red, white and blue wreaths were made by the youth, and after prayers, poems and speeches, the Choctaw Color Guard and the YAB solemnly placed the wreaths. YAB is a group of students from across the entire Choctaw Nation with one goal in mind—to challenge youth to become leaders of tomorrow. YAB works to empower youth to come together and address community needs. They set goals to develop positive visions for the future of the Choctaw Nation. Their mission is to help grow healthy, productive and civic-minded adults.

38 Retired flags gifted to veterans Flags that were flown over tribal facilities have been gifted to Choctaw veterans in a special drawing. Ameri- can and Choctaw Nation flags that have waved proudly at Tribal Head- quarters, the Tribal Capitol and the Veterans Cemetery have been care- fully kept once retired. The 2016 Veterans Day Cer- emony was extra-special for several of the military men in attendance when they were awarded a boxed set of these flags. Veterans Advocacy Director Brent Oakes said, “I felt this was a great alternative to disposing of these emblems of our Nation(s). Veterans can take pride in having an American Joe Ray Hayes was presented a set of flags from Choctaw Nation. Flag and a Choctaw Flag that have flown over properties that are important to us.” Oakes began having the flags framed, and saved a number of sets for the ceremony on Veterans Day at Tvshka Homma. The gifts were highly respected and appreciated by those who received them.

Jim Janway received a set of flags from Assistant Chief Austin and Chief Batton.

39 HOME FOR THE HOLIDAYS

Nations provide buses for National Guard

The generosity of the Choctaw and Chickasaw Nations helped Oklahoma Army National Guard get home for the holidays this past Christmas. Soldiers of the 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, which were conducting pre-mobilization training at Fort Bliss, Texas, were transported on charter buses paid by the two tribes. Choctaw Nation Chief Gary Batton and Chicka- saw Nation Governor Bill Anoatubby both have a long history of being supportive of the men and women in service to our country. The tribes had previously assisted in transporting troops, and the Thunderbirds and families who benefited from the goodwill were as thankful in 2016 as all the soldiers and families of past events. In August, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma Vet- eran’s Advocacy presented the First Squadron 180th Cavalry with a donation of $30,000. This donation is a part of a combined mission of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma (CNO), the Chickasaw Nation, and various other organizations to lease buses to bring members of the 180th Cavalry home for a pass before they deploy.

40 41 Our ancestors would be proud. Historically, the Choctaws gathered foods from the land and planted crops as well as being skilled hunters. Ancestors harvested foods for the community. The tribe has made history this year through agricultural grants. For the first time ever, the Choctaw Nation received agrarian grants from the USDA in 2016. These grants are seen as a productive way to empower tribal members and expand cultural strengths.

42 NATURE AND AGRICULTURE

riety of weather conditions. Every- Choctaws get Gearing up for one saw deer at the blinds.The kids free hunting second annual were well behaved with appreciative parents and both participated and fishing Youth Deer Hunt enthusiastically in our programs in Oklahoma Choctaw leaders often speak of and presentations,” said Dan Van mentoring youth and giving them Schaik, Wildlife Biologist. Beginning in January 2017, special opportunities. A great exam- Choctaw Nation Tribal members “Given my past experience with ple is the youth hunt at the Choctaw living in Oklahoma who were 16 hunting/shooting clubs throughout Ranch that provides young people and over were eligible to receive: the U.S., I consider this youth hunt an education in conservation, hunt- as exemplary and was proud to be • an annual hunting and fishing ing and safety, as well as a chance to a part of it from conception,” said license hunt for whitetail deer. Van Schaik. • a trapping license (furbearer After filling out an entry form The 2017 Choctaw Nation license) from June to August last year, two Youth Deer Hunt drawing is • a state waterfowl stamp children were randomly drawn planned for September when two • up to four turkey tags from each Choctaw District in tribal members from each district, September to participate in the deer • up to six deer tags, exclusive ages 10-15, will be drawn from the of bonus licenses management harvest. entries. There will also be a hunter’s safety course of 2018 offered at Tus- • a waived access fee to Three From November 19 to Novem- Rivers and Honobia Creek ber 28, 2016, the children, each ac- kahoma, Oklahoma in the upcom- Wildlife Management area companied by a parent or guardian, ing summer. (this is a benefit for hunting, arrived at Choctaw Hunting Lodge. A special Veterans hunt will be outdoor activities and for “The hunters were taught gun held in 2017, with names drawn gathering herbs for traditional safety and shot placement,” said at the Veterans Day Ceremony at medicines, etc.) Wildlife Manager and Hunting Tvshka Homma on November 10. • cultural hunts Guide Travis Benes. “We also had a Choctaw Nation tribal members biologist that taught the youth how Enhancing pecan living in Oklahoma who are under to age deer. This is important so the age of 16 may receive: that they can preserve deer to meet tree growth their true potential.” • a hunting and fishing combi- Being creative and innovative nation license Executive Director of Agricul- with a young orchard of 1,500 pe- ture Shannon McDaniel said, “This • one deer tag can trees is the subject of a Specialty was a great opportunity for the • one turkey tag Crop Grant Program. Partnering children to go on tribal property to with the Nobel Foundation, nitro- • cultural hunts learn how to manage wildlife and gen producing cover crops such as • a waived access fee to Three how conservation works.” barley, alfalfa and radishes are being Rivers and Honobia Creek “The 2016 Choctaw Youth Hunt used as part of a controlled study Wildlife Management area was a great success. We ended up group to measure the tree growth. Applications are available on– with a 70% harvest rate among the The research and study of the young line at ChoctawNation.com hunters, which is above national trees in the southeast corner of the average for that age group in a va- state using this natural method

43 Harvesting pecan orchards Choctaw Nation has over 6,500 pecan trees at five locations that are harvested each year as a part of the growing agriculture business of the tribe. One of the recently purchased farms is in Idabel, with about 1,500 trees of several tasty varieties that produced a bumper crop in 2016. This was the first year the tribe tackled a pecan harvest without sub-contractors. Ryan Impson and Mark Creasy show buckets of pecans. Trees are shaken with a pad- ded attachment behind tractors, against a similar group in Carter (no damage to the trees) then after County, pecan producers, and the pecans fall from the trees, they those interested in becoming future are picked up with a harvester. The producers will be able to make deci- nuts are later sorted by hand on a sions affecting their properties and conveyer belt before being taken to crops. a dryer. Ryan Impson is the As- This will be a two-year project sistant Manager of the Idabel farm, and includes two demonstration and with the help of a couple of A visual of how an integrated garden can be days for education of pecan pro- full-time workers and some sea- grown with beans twining up cornstalks and ducers and future pecan farmers. sonal help, had the trees gleaned squash and melons planted at the base of the corn. The federal dollars awarded were of their nutty treasure in just a few $49,710, with a match request from weeks. The photo below shows the tribe of $7,448 and an in-kind Amy Moore running the harvester, Community match of $4,904. “vacuuming” up the pecans, and shooting out the dirt and leaves Food Projects: from the rear of the machine. Heirloom Crops The Community Food Projects grant is a four-year project. Historic Preservation has been working with Cultural Heirloom crops for a number of years. They have been developing a seed bank and currently have about 50 people as a base for seed growing. Through this grant, the Choc- taw Nation partners with Okla- homa State University, who will do nutritional research on the cultural crops and train tribal members who participate in the program on GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) and GHP (Good Handling Prac- tices). Harvesting pecans.

44 There is an opportunity to be Farmers Markets a part of this project. Participants need to be tribal members, have an promoted area to grow crops and it is pre- in each District ferred that they live in or near the A Farmers Market Promotion tribal boundaries. grant has garnered about half a Individual crop growers of million dollars over a three-year these heirloom seeds will have • Choctaw sweet potato squash period for the districts within the a venue to sell their vegetables tribal boundaries. through this project. Being able to • Choctaw hominy corn (Tanchi Hlimishko) A staff person dedicated three have a “family business” could cre- months to each of the 12 districts, ate some revenue in return for their • Choctaw flour corn (Tanchi working with areas in each district Tohbi) hard work and will be an additional to either market existing Farmers return on the cultural investment • A variety of Choctaw tobacco Markets, or help set up and pro- they are making. • A variety of field peas that mote a Farmers Market. The heirloom crops are health- was brought by Choctaws This new program also helped ier, making them a wiser choice for from Mississippi identify producers, overcome all of us to put on the table, too. • Lambsquarter (a native green) barriers and get the market open. Currently, some heirloom Healthy eating, which includes Choctaw crops are only surviving • Huauzontle (a variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, is a big by a few hundred seeds. Phase I of lambsquarter domesticated focus of the Choctaw Nation, and the project will be growing these thousands of years ago) this helps meet the goal of provid- seeds to get a stable seed bank, so These particular strains were ing accessible healthy foods for that they can later be shared with grown by Choctaw people before tribal members, as well as helping Tribal members in Phase II. The the 1700s. The Historic Preserva- local farmers have a market for seeds that will be included in this tion Office is always on the lookout their locally grown items. work are: for more heritage Choctaw plants.

45 Farmers Market Nutrition Program The Choctaw Nation Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Pro- gram is a program for low-income seniors funded by the USDA in partnership with the Choctaw Na- tion Health Services Program. The program serves eligible seniors in the 10.5 counties with $50 worth be at least 55 years of age (Provide Local growers typically bring of checks that can be exchanged CDIB card), Non–Native at least their produce on Wednesdays at 9 for fresh fruit and vegetables from 60 years of age residing in a Native a.m. to Choctaw Nation Commu- authorized area farmers. The re- American household (ID required), nity Centers or senior buildings in quirements are low-income seniors Disabled persons under 60 years of Durant, Atoka, Hugo, McAlester, who have household incomes of not age but at least 55 years of age living Stigler, Broken Bow and Idabel. The more than 185% of the federal pov- in housing for the elderly with con- farmers markets are open from 9 erty income guidelines. Additional gregate nutritional services (Proof a.m. until noon unless produce sells guidelines are if Native American, of SSI). out. Items are seasonal.

Nation enters agreement on Lake Nanih Waiya The Choctaw Nation entered into an agreement with the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation as a result of the hunting and fishing compact to facilitate a joint management plan for Lake Nanih Waiya, a 151-acre lake near the capitol grounds. A number of improvements related to water access, solid waste clean- up, aquatic invasive vegetation control, mowing, etc., have been made; with a number of continued practices that will be implemented in the fall/winter to make the lake more enjoyable and accessible to visitors.

46 DEPARTMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT The Office of Risk Management mobile response unit that has been and health are also important to provides oversight and strategic extremely useful, and has been able ensure the highest level of protection planning for several vital programs to assist with regional needs, such is maintained. of the tribe, including Emergency as searches for missing people and The assets and integrity of the Management, which works both in- a chemical spill accident causing a Choctaw Nation are protected by ternally and externally to prepare for, major highway shutdown. providing insurance and claims protect against, respond to, recover The Choctaw Nation of Okla- resolution through the Property and from and mitigate all hazards. homa is the first tribe to become Casualty team. This program maxi- Examples of services provided accredited through the Emergency mizes insurance premium savings by include emergency planning, risk Management Accreditation Program accepting partial risk to save money assessments, response and assistance (EMAP) and establish a Medical Re- that goes into a loss fund that covers in disasters. The team gets down to serve Corps. The Choctaw Nation is the day-to-day risk. Carrying a high business in times of emergency—a also the first tribe to conduct FEMA’s self-insured retention, the tribe saves chainsaw team of volunteers is on Logistics Capability Assessment Tool a considerable amount in premiums. the ground to clear debris whenever (LCAT). These are tremendous ac- a tornado or ice storm causes havoc complishments. Choctaw Nation also has a Workers’ Compensation Code and in the Choctaw Nation area so that Occupational Safety and Health citizens can have safe roadways an Office of Workers’ Compensation. is another arm of Risk Management, This office assists injured employees and homes. Response to communi- providing technical safety and health ties when water crisis occur is also seek medical treatment and to return support to associates. This team of to work as quickly as possible. something the team is prepared for. safety professionals develops and Pallets of bottled water have been implements safety and health pro- Under the Food Safety Office of delivered by truckloads on many grams, objectives, training initiatives Risk Management, the team audits occasions. and compliance measures. Monitor- for risks and works to protect cus- The Choctaw Nation has a ing of current standards of safety tomers and food handlers. EMERGENCY NOTIFICATIONS Sign up for notification of emergencies and weather Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma Emergency Choctaw Nation will only use the information Management recently implemented a Mass Noti- provided for notification purposes. When people fication System for Choctaw tribal members who sign up for the Emergency Alert Program, they live and work within the 10.5-county boundary will get notified about emergencies and other area. The Mass Notification System will be used important community news. The system enables to notify tribal members and Choctaw Nation Choctaw Nation Emergency Management to employees about imminent threats to health and provide participants with critical information safety, as well as informational notifications that quickly in a variety of situations, such as severe affect tribal members and employees’ locations, weather, unexpected road closures, flooding, or work environments. At this time, the system is gas leaks and evacuations of buildings and/or only for the Choctaw Nation area. Notifications neighborhoods. are sent out regarding severe weather, flood- When Choctaw Nation Emergency Manage- ing, gas leaks and more. Tribal employees are ment issues a notification about a potential safety automatically signed up through the employee hazard or concern participants will receive either portal. Tribal members living in the bound- a call, text or email, depending on the method of ary area can opt in for the Mass Notification by communication chosen at registration. Notifi- registering at https://member.everbridge.net/ cations can be for homes, schools or places of index/892807736724136#/login employment in the 10.5-county area. The information provided will not be shared with any vendor or other organization. 47 COUNTRY MARKET A GROCERY STORE ... AND MORE

A year ago, the first Choctaw Country Market (grocery store, deli, restaurant and fuel station) was opened in Clayton, Oklahoma. Clayton was in need of a grocery store and fuel station. “People were traveling to other towns in order to fill up their vehicles or to purchase their week’s groceries,” said Assistant Chief Jack Austin. “Opening the store, which is so much more Photos clockwise from top: Ribbon cutting at the Choctaw than simply groceries and fuel, has helped provide a solution Country Market; restaurant buffet, fresh food, grill, and to the food desert in Clayton.” deli; an employee stocks the grocery aisles. “It is a part of the vision of myself and the Tribal Council,” said Chief Gary Batton at the ribbon cutting for the store. “We want to make sure that our smaller communities thrive and do well. Without this Country Market to serve the people who live here, I don’t know if Clayton would be here 20 years from now. This is making sure we keep Clayton alive, growing and prospering. We want to see success in all our communities.” Adding to the economic development of the area, 24 jobs were filled to open the store, with more positions anticipated. Next steps? Open more stores in more towns!

48 FARMING, A CHAHTA TRADITION Innovative, creative ideas give long–term goal of alleviating food deserts

The long–term goal of providing farm-to-table food is being furthered with the growth of the Choctaw Nation’s cattle herd of Certified Angus Beef, operation of seven ranches, which includes 6,500 pecan trees, and community food projects and food promotions. The tribe also had notification of food-related agrarian grants awarded to the Agriculture Division in September 2016, which will advance the tribe’s goal of alleviating “food deserts,” utilizing some unique processes such as heirloom crops, and providing opportunities for local farmers to market their wares. Working together as a community, we can all succeed!

Vision will supply tribal stores with locally grown beef Ranching is big business for the Choctaw Nation. meat to the Choctaw markets. This would be one great Increasing the land base of the tribe with the purchase example of a “farm-to-table” product from Choctaw of a 60-square-mile property near Daisy, Okla., was an Nation. important step in growing the cattle herd of certified The ranch property near Daisy is named Ti Valley Angus beef. Today, the tribe manages a herd of over Ranch, and is divided into cattle operations and large– 5,400 Black Angus cattle, an increase of 2,400 from last game hunting operations. There is also a beautiful area year. that serves as a retreat for businesses and an event cen- Raising cattle is important to the cultural values of ter for parties, weddings, conferences and various other the tribe, as many of the families in the area have been getaways. Full service at the Choctaw Hunting Lodge raised on farms and ranches and have skills that make includes catering and hotel services on-site. them employable at the Choctaw properties. This keeps There are six other Choctaw ranches, and all 30+ them close to their loved ones with a job that supports ranch employees have received beef quality assurance their family, and provides an important service to the certification, which means they know how to properly future of their tribe and community. One long-term feed, vaccinate and manage the herd based on national vision of raising the Angus beef is to pro- standards and best practices. Raising Black Angus vide the locally grown cattle on rural lands has optimized tens of thousands of acres, generating a healthy revenue stream for the Choctaw Nation.

RANCH

49 HELPING OTHER RANCHERS IN NEED

Choctaw Ranches had an opportunity to help fellow Oklahoma cattlemen after the 2017 wildfires in the northern and northwestern part of the state. Loading up a semi-trailer truck with large round bales and a goose- neck trailer with smaller square bales, a crew left the Choctaw Ranch in Pittsburg County at daylight heading for Laverne, Okla., in Harper County. There, FFA students unloaded the square bales so that local farmers and ranchers could come and get what they could utilize. Loads of round bales of hay were also delivered to Laverne for the local cattlemen. It was all picked up within a few days, showing the desperate need for the food for the livestock. Two million acres of the countryside were damaged by the fires, devastating the hayfields, burning the baled hay that was set aside for finishing the year, and even killing much of the livestock and burning homes and barns. The donation of the hay from the Choctaw Nation was a way to assist in alleviating the need being experi- enced by other Oklahoma ranchers.

View from the windshield as the hay loads leave Choctaw Ranch at daylight, headed for northern Oklahoma.

50 IMPACTFUL WATER SETTLEMENT RECOGNIZES TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY

After five years of conversation, evaluations of significant future wa- of State legislative approval.The legal moves, negotiations and medi- ter right allocation proposals within settlement calls for a commission ation, the Choctaw and Chickasaw the Settlement Area. The agree- to evaluate the impacts of future Nations, the State of Oklahoma, ment also formalizes protections proposals for out-of-state water use and the City of Oklahoma City for the current and future water or diversion, which would remain reached a water rights settlement needs of communities throughout subject to State legislative authori- in 2016. The impactful settlement the region, ensuring adequate water zation. recognizes tribal sovereignty and for south-central and southeastern Should the Oklahoma Legisla- provides protection of resources for Oklahoma and enhancing steward- ture ever approve such a proposal, future generations. ship of water resources both for the agreement ensures that any pro- Chief Gary Batton of the Choc- future consumptive use within the ceeds would be devoted to meeting taw Nation stated, “This agreement region as well as protecting lake lev- water and wastewater infrastructure secures existing uses of water and els and stream flows on which the needs, particularly in southeastern provides certainty with regard to vibrant tourism industry relies. Oklahoma. the future use of Sardis Lake for the Existing water rights or rights The article above is a joint press benefit of recreation, fish and wild- to surface or groundwater will not release between the Choctaw and life, and local water use.” be affected by the agreement, and Chickasaw Nations. Additional Under the terms of the agree- the agreement does not authorize information can be found online at ment, the Choctaw and Chickasaw out-of-state use or diversion of wa- www.WaterUnityOK.com. Nations will participate in technical ter, which remains unlawful absent

51 LEARNING ABOUT OUR ANCESTORS

Recently, Choctaw Nation employees had an op- indicated the site had occupants earlier than the Choc- portunity to learn about an archaeological excavation taws who had used it in the 1700s. These occupants are of a 1700’s Choctaw village site in the Choctaw home- believed to have been at the site as early as 3700 BC. land. Keith Little, PhD, and Hunter Johnson presented There were several exciting discoveries at the site some of the information they gleaned from a Choctaw from which the archeologists could glean information Village site excavation in Mississippi. This was the first about our ancestors’ daily lives. An earthen oven was time a Choctaw Village site dating back to this time uncovered, cylindrical in shape, still with charcoal and period, decades before the Trail of Tears, was studied, rocks. Another discovery was suspected to be an open providing a rare glimpse into the lives of Choctaw an- air pottery kiln. One of the most exciting discoveries cestors during these years. was a possible ceremonial area, a hole that had once The field work was done between May 2012 and held a big post or pole, that had pottery pieces and four March 2013, as data recovery investigations at three vessels still in the hole. sites in Kemper County, Mississippi. Lignite mining Archaeologists were also able to learn about the was planned for the area, prompting the investigations eating habits of Choctaw ancestors. Evidence was before the sites could be destroyed by mining activities. found that indicated most protein was from larger ani- Johnson and Little directed all the field and laboratory mals, such as deer and pigs, but they likely ate smaller work. The team camped in the remote area during the animals such as rabbits, squirrels, raccoons and opos- excavation process, rather than spend time commuting. sums as well. There were also signs of food remains This allowed them to work much more efficiently and that would have been taken from nearby waterways, quickly. According to their report, some of the artifacts such as fish, freshwater mussel and beaver. Remains of they found were in shallow areas. They also found pits birds, including turkey were also collected. A bear paw where people had dug into ground, shown by stains in was found, indicating the possibility that the meat from the soil (different colors and textures). bear could have been eaten. An area thought to be a smudge pit was full of Evidence shows that acorn and hickory nuts were burned corn cobs. Smudge pits could have been used used by the occupants of the 1700’s site. Fruits used to tan hides and could have been used to repel insects. by those same residents seem to have included grape, Several smudge pit areas were found in the inside lines persimmon, mulberry, blueberry, maypop, blackberry/ of structures. raspberry, cherry/plum and peach. Corn kernels, corn Dr. Little said about 2,000 beads were collected, cobs, and cowpeas were included in the report. To view along with ceramics, pottery, arrowheads, and tools. the complete report, see http://www.tvaresearch.com/ Some of the artifacts, such as some of the arrowheads, download/Little_et_al._2016_screen_resolution.zip.

contributed photo

52 CHOCTAW NATION WORKING WITH SCIENCE CENTER

Jackfork Creek is an important waterway in the Choctaw Nation. Protecting the ecosystem of rivers, lakes and other waterways is vital.

The Choctaw Nation is a forward thinker in its Climate change affects growing seasons of crops, work on climate change. They have been collecting which means any accompanying ceremonies must be data, collaborating with scientists and researching held at non-traditional times. information while attempting the constant adaptation Important results of the collaboration between that climate change necessitates. Choctaw Nation and the SCCSC include creation of cli- The tribe is one of only two tribes partnered with mate models that allow the tribe’s Environmental Pro- a federally funded Climate Science Center. The South tective Service Department to manage water resources Central Climate Science Center (SCCSC) out of Nor- and plan for the future. The SCCSC provides tempera- man, Okla., is an academic consortium on long-term ture data—the precipitation data that the tribe utilizes strategies to cope and adjust to the challenges presented for the climate models. This data points to patterns of by climate variability. prolonged periods of drought interspersed with intense Climate change can affect the cultural practices of rainfall. Knowing where economic needs exceed cur- the Choctaws. It can kill certain species of plants and rent water resources also helps the tribe plan for the animals such as the freshwater mussel. Shells of these future. Planning to adapt through diversification such mussels are used in pottery and were also once used to as new wells, water recycling plants, and conservation make spoons and jewelry. Mussels also clean the water methods make the tribe and its communities more naturally, making them vital to the ecosystem. resilient and less susceptible to climate change.

53 GROWTH OF CHOCTAW COURTS A historic decision earlier in Cryer, who serves as the Special The District Court will be the year was the growth of the District Judge. housed in an official Choctaw Na- Choctaw court system to being The judicial system has also tion Courtroom as soon as renova- truly independent. Having a sov- instituted a Peacemaker Court, tions are complete at the former ereign court system is a powerful which is made up of elders in the Federal Building in Durant. This statement of tribal progress. tribal districts who facility was donated to the tribe by assist as mediators. local businessman Alan Wheeler. “When Chief Batton The building once housed a was inaugurated, post office and a local court. Plans he said he wanted are to refurbish the courtroom to utilize the wis- with as much original furniture as dom of our elders,” possible, and renovate other parts said Pam Young, of the building into offices, confer- Executive Director ence space and public area. of the Court Sys- The District Court Clerk has tem. “We immedi- offices located in Talihina at 302 ately thought that a Church Street and in Durant at Peacemaker Court 523 W. Main, which is available would be a great to members. The Judicial Branch’s way to incorpo- goal is to offer District Court Clerk Constitutional Court: Mullin, Burrage and Bobb. rate the wisdom of offices in Pocola and Idabel in the Choctaw people.” future as well. The Choctaw Nation currently Tribal Council were asked to “It is all about what is best for has three levels of Courts in the Ju- nominate elders in each of the 12 our tribal members. We want them dicial Branch—the Constitutional districts, and the peacemakers to have easy access, and we want Court and the Court of General were soon authorized. to help them,” said Young. She Jurisdiction, which includes the The traditional Constitutional said court cases have more than Appellate Court and the District Court and Court Clerk’s offices doubled since last year, as mem- Courts. Of these levels, nine judges are located at the Choctaw Na- bers and others wanting the venue fill the judiciary body. tion Capitol Grounds in Tvshka in Tribal Court have discovered The independence of the Court Homma. The historic courtroom the professional capability, afford- is important in the division of is located adjacent to the Capitol ability and caring attitude of the powers of government according Building Museum. to the Choctaw Nation Constitu- The somber atmo- tion. Having courtrooms in di- sphere, even when verse areas of the Choctaw Nation court is not in ses- boundaries is important for the sion, fills the dark– convenience of the tribal members. walled room. Justices for the courts are: The Court of Constitutional Court—Chief Judge General Jurisdiction David Burrage, Mitchell Mullin currently conducts and Fred Bobb; Court of General proceedings in Jurisdiction (Appellate Court)— Talihina, with these Chief Judge Pat Phelps, Bob Rabon proceedings plan- and Warren Gotcher; District ning to move to Court—Chief Judge Steven Parker, Durant within the Rick Branum (Civil) and Rebecca next year. Apellate Court: Rabon, Phelps and Gotcher.

54 Choctaw Nation Courts. responsibilities as The Choctaw Nation website a sovereign nation. has information on the Choctaw Not only does this Nation Court and its codes, includ- include protection ing copies of the Marriage and of the tribe’s assets Divorce Code, Children’s Code, and the rights of Adoption Code, Guardianship tribal members and Code, Workers Injury Code, Public associates, but also Health and Safety Code, Traffic protection of land Code, Juvenile Code, Juror Code, and natural resourc- Public Health and Safety Code, es. One example of Juvenile Code, Criminal Code, this is the historic Criminal Procedure and Civil water settlement. Procedure. Now that the tribe District Court: Cryer, Parker and Branum. has taken on the responsibility of communication and teamwork Expanding Historic protecting this valuable resource, to a new level. This will result in Legal Division it also has the responsibility to quicker decisions, improved con- continually monitor and verify all sistency, more efficiency and better Expanding legal with other parties fulfill their obligation. results,” said Mallett. divisions in 2016 was a historic move for the Choctaw Nation, Brad Mallett, Associate Gener- “This division also assists in allowing more flexibility for the al Counsel for the Choctaw Nation, finding new opportunities for legal division when working with says, “We hope to implement a future growth of the Choctaw and advising the departments of level of protection for the Choctaw Nation. Anyone who has watched the tribe. The tribe has a Gen- Nation which has never been seen Chief Batton over the past few eral Counsel who works with the before. This would include greater years knows he is always searching Legislative Branch (Tribal Council) scrutiny over contracts, business for new and better ways to serve and advises the Choctaw Nation practices, employment policies, the Choctaw people. This is a chal- Administrative Offices, and also corporate governance, and many lenge that each and every person has an in-house Assistant General other areas that are too numerous who serves in our division takes to Counsel and Managing Attorney to mention in an organization the heart,” says Mallett. for the legal branch that serves the size of the Choctaw Nation. “This includes our Environ- services and commerce divisions. “We will never be able to mental Department promoting With the rapid growth of eliminate every occurrence or recycling; our Governmental the tribe, it is reasonable to see violation, but we can close the gap Relations Department constantly the supportive legal division has on the gray areas so that everyone searching for new partnerships at a need to expand, as well. This has a fair opportunity to know the federal, state and local level; includes bringing together quasi– and follow the rules. This should our Risk Management Department legal services, which were spread help underscore the atmosphere developing safety programs to throughout the Choctaw Nation. of transparency and accountability protect our associates; our Depart- Land acquisition, law enforcement, that the Chief and Assistant Chief ment of Land & Title finding ways environmental, risk management are constantly improving as the to acquire and protect land within and governmental relations are hallmark of this administration.” our territorial boundaries; and our now working together with legal Mallett said that the newly Department of Public Safety keep- as a team under the division of formed and expanded Division ing our people and property safe Legal and Compliance to perform of Legal and Compliance is more from interference. All of this will services which are closely related. than just placing a new title on be accomplished in a manner that This division hopes to cre- old positions. “By bringing these respects the history, culture and ate a new emphasis in the areas related departments under one continuing needs of the Choctaw of compliance necessary to fulfill division, we are determined to take p e op l e .”

55 ENGLISH TO CHAHTA DICTIONARY: YEARS OF WORK BY OUR FIRST SPEAKERS

Over 2,000 English, and he also preached to the slaves,” said Billy. dictionaries printed The finished book is available in three months in hard or soft cover through the since first release Choctaw Bookstore and is a source of pride. The Choctaw Nation of Okla- homa Dictionary Committee has This is an important book for been laboring for more than 14 the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma years to produce a revised Diction- and will be used as a research and ary of English to Choctaw Lan- educational source for generations guage. A rapidly evolving world of to come. New dictionary words and a desire to have the most Those who have worked on the has spiritual history complete and perfect product pos- newly revised Choctaw Diction- The new Choctaw Dictionary sible lengthened the expected time ary include Richard Adams, Te- has a history with a deep spiritual in printing the Choctaw diction- resa Billy, Hannah Bryan, Eleanor meaning. The background and ary. First Speakers of the Choctaw Caldwell, Kaye (Noah) Choate, Ber- history that led up to the publica- Language worked with diligence nie Davis, Mike Davis, Lola John, tion of the dictionary includes and attention to detail to ensure the Abe Frazier, Bob Ludlow, Christine important information about Cyrus Choctaw language would endure. Ludlow, Rebecca Nahwooksy, Lillie Byington. Teresa Billy, a speaker and Roberts, Eveline Battiest Steele, Betty Ward and Jack B. Martin. Teresa Billy shared the follow- teacher of the Choctaw language ing history about Byington and his and one of the many people who The dictionary that has been tremendous influence on Choctaws worked for years to bring the new commonly used for the past 102 and the written language: publication to reality, talks of Cyrus years written by Byington and ed- “In the 1800s there was a Byington, saying his is a story of ited by John R. Swanton and Henry worldwide spiritual awakening that perseverance, purpose and pas- S. Halbert, was often reprinted in occurred—the Spirit of God fell over sion. According to Billy, Byington various covers. The new, updated people. worked with the Choctaws as a dictionary has been a heartfelt missionary. He wrote a definer, effort from the Choctaw language Cyrus Byington was a very speller and the first dictionary. experts. The release of the diction- bright young fellow. He went to col- “He preached to the full-bloods ary is one of the most exciting lege, passed his bar exams, and then in Choctaw, the mixed-bloods in events of 2017. this spiritual move occurred. He felt the call of God upon his life. He went

56 to the American Board of Commis- Life was rough. History tells After sioners and signed up to be sent to a us that within the first three to five the School Native tribe. years he buried 274 Choctaws. Not of Choctaw This decision was something you only was he about the business of do- Language didn’t see very often. It wasn’t very ing that, he was marrying people, he was estab- popular to be Indian. Choctaws had was sort of a doctor, as he had some lished, it to be moved out of the way because knowledge of herbs and medicines. was time the United States was expanding. Not to mention the fact that he was for us to When Byington made this decision, also growing crops in the field to feed create a his family disowned him. his family. dictionary. Teresa Billy He was sent to the Choctaws, Byington established 14 church- Chief spent about eight es, some of which are still in exis- Pyle and then-Assistant Chief Batton years in the field, tence today. All the posed a question to us: What are you and wrote his mother while he continued to doing now that 100 years from now a note and told her work on the diction- will still reflect and sustain our cul- he was being or- ary. There are many ture, our traditions and our values? unnamed Choctaw dained as a preacher. At that moment we began to talk people who helped in She wrote him a note about it and said when people start the development of a back and told him to learn our language they will need dictionary. Byington she was very proud a tool, a resource. They will need to also developed his of him. know how to use this. In 20 or 30 ‘Choctaw Grammar’ years, the fluent speakers are not go- So you fast- book and hoped to ing to be here. We focused on devel- forward to being in have it printed. The oping a learners dictionary. Different Mississippi and his American Board forms of using words are included in goal became to write refused to fund it, the entries with phrases. down the language. as it was considered He immersed himself a ‘literary work’ not It is for the benefit of the learners in the language and directly related to the mission. Later, so they will know how to put words in two years he was preaching in he wrote to the Smithsonian Institu- together to create the phrase that is Choctaw language. They also began tion and asked them if they would wanted. translating hymns into Choctaw. print his material, which they did All learners and students are a Then the removal occurred. after his death. part of the historical significance of Cyrus Byington took all the litera- In 1915, the first dictionary was the language because of their help in ture, material, and resources that published. A family member said preservation of the language.” were being developed and everything after his death, the note from his came with them from Mississippi to The dictionary is printed by mother saying she was proud was Oklahoma. He settled near Eagle- Choctaw Print Services, and avail- found on his person. He had never town. He built a school, Stockbridge, able through The Choctaw Store. seen any of his family after he joined and began ministering to the Choc- 1882 Hwy 69/75, Colbert, OK the ministry. taw people. 74733, and online at choctawstore. com.

57 NEW BOOK EDUCATES ABOUT SCHOOLS FOR THE CHOCTAWS

Choctaws have been making different places. He got to talk to people. When you know God, you sure their youth receive top-notch people in these areas. He contacted see the help that doesn’t come from education for centuries. This has colleges, researched books and anywhere else.” been documented in a new book researched government records on Carpenter also said she was on Choctaw education. The manu- how the schools were funded. There very impressed that Choctaws in script for the book, “Schools for was no internet for him to Google!” the 1800s were very insistent that the Choctaws,” was the women received written by the late an education. Dr. W.B. Morrison and co-edited by Joy When the manu- Culbreath and Kathy script was given to Carpenter. Culbreath, there were no photographs Dr. Morrison’s included, so she and son, Bob, had brought Kathy began to bring the manuscript to it to life by finding as Culbreath and given many images as they the Choctaw Nation could relating to Mor- the copyright on the rison’s writing. They book. “Our schools had maps redrawn, were taught by mis- worked with Oklaho- sionaries from Yale, ma Historical Society Dartmouth and Har- to find photographs vard—not only did we of Choctaw schools have people with PhDs—they were Carpenter said what she liked and pictures of appropriate people called by God. We had the cream of most were the stories about the mis- and searched through many other the crop! ‘White man’ schools were sionaries. archives for images. Some of the often taught by people with eighth “These people didn’t have to photos were made available from grade educations. Missionaries for leave their comfortable lives to family donations. They also created the Choctaws were so dedicated come to the Choctaws to start an index for the book. they even made the trip over the schools. Students lived with them— The project was intense, time– Trail of Tears. After we came west, the missionaries fed them, clothed a lot of our students went back East consuming and laborious. The fin- them, everything. These missionar- ished product is a thorough history and went to school and did well,” ies learned the language and wrote said Culbreath. “This book talks of Choctaw education facilities that definers, which was the first book is interesting and easy to read. about the lesser-known Choctaw the Choctaws had. People like schools as well as the ones we have Cyrus Kingsbury are probably why “This will live beyond us,” said heard about for years, such as Spen- we are a Christian Nation.” Carpenter. cer, Armstrong and New Hope. Two Culbreath said, “Our ances- The book is printed by Choc- of them are still operating today, tors had such pride. We had been taw Print Services, and available Jones Academy and Goodland.” through hard times. When we were through The Choctaw Store, 1882 Culbreath and Carpenter both given opportunity we took it. Our Hwy 69/75, Colbert, OK 74733, and complimented the amount of re- ancestors had to leave their home- online at choctawstore.com. Cost search that went into the book. Car- land with nothing but the shirt on is $34.99 for paperback; $64.99, penter said, “Morrison’s research their back. Through these stories hardback. For information, call was amazing. He had to travel to you can see the strength of Choctaw 885.865.7854.

58 AWARD-WINNING CHAHTAS

Chief Batton chosen Casino Marketing & Technology Choctaws inducted Creative Ambassador Lifetime Achievement Award at the in the 2016 Oklahoma 2017 annual Casino Marketing & Hall of Fame Chief Gary Technology Conference. Batton has been Mike chosen among “We are thrilled to present this year’s Lifetime Achievement Award Burrage cur- other leading rently serves Oklahomans to Janie Dillard, whose ground-up, hands-on management style and the Choctaw to serve as Nation as a Creativity motivational leadership has been central to the quality and growth of General Coun- Ambassador for sel. One of the the state. The the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma’s gaming operations,” said Randy first American Batton Creative Okla- Green, group publisher, BNP Media Indian fed- homa board eral judges, he Gaming Group. Burrage nominated Chief Batton as a way to has served as recognize his creative and innova- a federal Judge for all three U.S. tive contributions. Accomplish- IHS award for work District Courts in Oklahoma. Bur- ments he has led for the Choctaw on behalf of tribes rage served as a member of the Nation and community of Durant Oklahoma Bar Association Board of were of special notice to the Cre- Longtime Governors from 1984 to 1986 and ative Oklahoma board members. employee as President of the Oklahoma Bar Critical to choosing Chief Bat- Mickey Peercy Association in 1990. He is currently ton for this nomination were the has received an a Trustee for the Oklahoma Bar many jobs created since his term Indian Health Association and a member of the began, the construction of new Service (IHS) Oklahoma Supreme Court Com- businesses and facilities across Director’s award mittee for Civil Jury Instructions. southeast Oklahoma, his co-found- recognizing his many years General ing of Imagine Durant and his ad- Rita Aragon vocacy for education. Chief Batton’s Peercy of supporting Indian Health is a retired leadership has helped thousands Oklahoma Air of people receive scholarships to Care and Self-Governance issues, both for Choctaw Nation and the National Guard higher education and career train- two star general. ing. whole of Indian Country. Peercy has spent the past three decades She became the devoted to protecting Self-Gover- first female to Longtime gaming nance and advocating for improv- hold the rank of Brigadier executive awarded ing health care for Native America. Aragon General in the lifetime achievement He was nominated by Direc- history of the United States Air tor Mary Smith and approved by National Guard as the commander Janie Dil- Rear Admiral Chris Buchanan. The lard, Execu- and Assistant Adjutant General for Crystal Eagle award presented to the Oklahoma Air National Guard tive Officer of Peercy is a fitting representation of Operations, in March 2003. She was named by his powerful and courageous work Governor Mary Fallin as Oklaho- Choctaw Nation on behalf of the tribes. of Oklahoma, ma’s Secretary of Veteran’s Affairs, Division of the first female to hold that office. Commerce, was presented with the prestigious Dillard

59 IRELAND PAYS TRIBUTE

causing a shift in human consciousness and progress- ing human evolution. “The gift of the Choctaw was a demonstration of love and I hope that their monument will encourage us to act as they did.” Chief Gary Batton, Assistant Chief Jack Austin, and a delegation from the Choctaw Nation attended the ceremony, one that included traditional Choctaw and Irish music and dance as well as several activities around the story and sculpture. “This bond between our Nations has strengthened over the years,” said Chief Batton. “We are blessed to have the opportunity to share our cultures and to meet the generous people who have continued to honor a Chief Batton meets with Alex Pentek, sculptor of “Kindred Spirits.” gift from the heart,” Batton said. “I feel the joining of our spirits 170 years ago and June ceremony honors know the Chahta and people of Ireland will forever Choctaw Nation for donation share a special bond.” to Irish people McCarthy said, “Thank you to the wonderful, kind and generous Choctaw people. I was inclined to say we The Choctaw and Irish cultures came together June are reaching the end of our journey but I correct myself 18 for a long-awaited dedication of the Kindred Spirits to say that the journey continues. The ‘Kindred Spirits’ sculpture in Midleton, County Cork, Ireland. Choctaw monument represents a token of our thanks Cork-based artist Alex Pentek was commissioned to the Choctaw people for the Choctaw gift during the to create a sculpture commemorating a donation by the Famine and, I hope, will continue to be an inspiration Choctaw people to Ireland during the Great Famine. to us to follow the loving example of the wonderful, He created a beautiful representation of life and gener- kind and generous Choctaw people in caring for people osity from one nation of people to another. Nine majestic 20-foot eagle feathers form a perfect circle, reaching to the skies above Bailic Park in Midle- ton. The eagle feathers are arranged in a circular shape representing a bowl filled with food and presented to those suffering hunger. According to Cork County Council Official Joe McCarthy, the circle may also represent life, the beautiful planet we inhabit, the universe and God and also reflect that the Irish Nation now responds to the needs of others as the Choctaw did when they were in need. “The Choctaw, having suffered themselves and out of their own poverty, could be so kind, generous and considerate for people on the other side of the world, barely known to them, follows the flight of the eagle and represents a rising above,” said McCarthy. “They bestowed a blessing not only on the starving Irish men, The spirit of the Choctaw Nation was welcomed into Ireland by the women and children but also on humanity as a whole planting of a sacred oak tree in Bailick Park, Midleton, Cork County.

60 less fortunate than ourselves and suffering throughout the world.” Other monuments of the Choctaw gift to Ireland in 1847 include the Irish Hunger Memorial located in New York City at Vesey Street and North End Avenue. The New York City memorial represents a rural Irish landscape with an abandoned stone cottage, stone walls, fallow potato fields and the flora on the north Connacht wetlands. It is both a metaphor for the Great Irish Famine and a reminder that hunger today is often the result of lack of access to land. The New York City memorial, designed by artist Brian Tolle, contains stones from each of Ireland’s Brad Joe plays a traditional Choctaw flute during the ceremony for 32 counties. Along the base are bands of texts sepa- the Kindred Spirits sculpture. rated by layers of imported Kilkenny limestone. The text, which combines the history of the Great Famine with contemporary reports on world hunger, is cast as shadow onto illuminated frosted glass panels. One of the panels notes the Choctaw gift. There is also a brass plaque that hangs in the Lord Mayor’s Mansion in Dublin that commemorates the generosity of the Choctaws. Choctaw artist Jane Semple Umsted created a painting, Two Nations, One Spirit, commemorating the donation 170 years ago. The painting was presented to the Nation of Ireland during the June visit.

Lone piper Michael McCarthy plays within the center of the Kindred Spirits during the sculpture dedication.

Large crowd during the dedication ceremony for the Kindred Spirits sculpture in Bailick Park, Midleton, Cork County.

61 Living for life Whether hosting a volleyball taws are living active lives, and for healthy living, and has a loyal tournament, raising money to help often longer lives than their ances- attendance. Even Maggie Anderson, with the next bus trip to the vaca- tors, so we learn from them and age 93, comes every week. Exercise tion of their choice, or attending a follow their good examples. Even class is on Monday and Wednesday. class to learn traditional beadwork, volleyball tournaments are being The Coalgate seniors who do not dressmaking or some other craft, held between some of the commu- want to exercise on Wednesday the Choctaw Senior Citizens say nities. Chair volleyball games are mornings can take a cultural crafts they can always find something held at Choctaw Wellness Centers. class next door at the Community to keep busy! The tribal members Currently, only a few of the centers Center taught by Deloris Jefferson. attending the weekly lunches at the participate, but the volleyball play- So far, they have made corn husk Community Centers have formed ers are hoping to get more senior dolls, God’s Eyes, and key chains. friendships and creative ways to citizens interested, as they feel it is One of the newer activities spend their days and evenings. great exercise and lots of fun. among seniors has been the Choc- Tribal members frequently say Exercise class at the Coalgate taw clothing sewing class taught they look to elders for wisdom and Fitness Center is taught by a senior, by Oneida Winship. Interested leadership. Thankfully, our Choc- Jeanette Taylor, who is an advocate participants learn to sew their own

Linda Settlemier, Pat Woods, Alice Hudson, Andy Johnson and Janice Jones work at the Indian Taco lunch to raise money for their Branson trip. The Atoka Seniors sell tacos every first Friday of the month.

62 Choctaw dress or Choctaw shirt. Ann Kaniatobe has a beautiful dress she made for herself and also sewed a three-tiered Choc- taw skirt in dark purple and gold for her daughter to wear at graduation. She hand-cut all the diamonds she sewed on the dress and the skirt. Some students have made multiple dresses, saying each dress is easier and faster to make than the one before. The color choice and some of the style choices, such as how many ruffles on the skirt, size of the diamonds and even whether to use zippers, buttons or neither on the cuffs and bodice closure Volleyball-chair-style tournaments are held between centers. are the preference of the person The District 9 Senior Citizens eled to St. Jude’s Children’s Hospital sewing or wearing the clothing. have Indian Taco sales—and they in Memphis; Cherokee Fair, Chero- Oneida said that a class she have a unique twist. In coopera- kee, North Carolina; Carlisle Indian taught at Idabel included children tion with the local Choctaw Resort School, Carlisle, Pennsylvania; Pax- who made their own clothing. She Casino, the Durant Seniors set up ton Presbyterian Church; the Statue was impressed with their dedica- a buffet line and provide lunch of Liberty and the Native American tion, and said one of the young opportunities to the gaming associ- Museum of the American Indian, boys, a 13-year-old, completed his ates. This is a welcome treat to the singing Choctaw hymns. Fourteen shirt, then assisted his 7-year-old employees and a great fundraiser seniors in the group Choctaws and brother finish his shirt. All while for the elders. Collaboration with Friends who made the trip said their sister worked on a dress for other entities has provided other several of their hosts thanked them herself. “This family interaction was opportunities. The seniors make with a meal. wonderful to see,” she said. “I was special artisan items, such as feather The group also provided a very proud of the young people in fans for pow wow dancers. They traditional meal in 2017 to the local the class.” She is proud of all the work together in “assembly line TAG group at Talihina School and people who complete the class with fashion,” and have a goal of hand- sang at Clayton Homecoming in a finished clothing item. Deanna crafting 10 fans per day. June. None are under 65 years old Creel of the Durant class has an- District 10 Seniors also have and they have been doing other cre- nounced that she loves sewing the monthly taco lunches. The first ative things to raise money such as dresses so much she is going to reg- Friday of every month, the Atoka a Mothers Day tea, bake sales, and ister as a clothing seamstress in the center is filled with people coming outright donations. They also sing Choctaw Artist Registry and offer by to get the best lunch in town, at the Veteran’s Center in Talihina her services as a business. served with a heaping helping of and at funerals. Although made up The Durant seniors sewed good company. The fry bread is so of Senior Citizens, they would love Choctaw clothing for themselves tender it melts in your mouth–these to have young people get involved two years ago at a group class and cooks know how to please. They use in the singing group and learn to have worn their regalia at many the funds from the sales on their sing the Choctaw hymns. events, including pow wows, sing- trips–most recently to Branson. These are just a few examples of ings and tribal events. They were Talihina area elders made his- activities the Choctaw Seniors are in the Grand Entry at the 2017 Red tory when they “sang for their sup- involved in. If the younger crowd Earth Festival and some participat- per” in several prominent locations. is going to follow in their footsteps, ed in the dancing, wearing Choctaw Senior citizens from District 3 trav- they may have to pick up their pace! clothing they had made.

63 GROWTH & OPPORTUNITY

64 Architect rendering of the new Durant Headquarters. The interior colors on the floors of the new headquarters are themed to honor the elements. The lower level is Earth. First and fifth floors are Fire. The second floor is Sun, third is Water, and fourth is Wind.

65 Chief Batton and Council are joined by seniors after the ceremonial signing of the beam.

RAISE THE BEAM! The final beam is lifted to set atop the new headquarters. Member service headquarters marks progress in construction

Progress is being made on the construction of A topping-out ceremony for the last steel beam the member service headquarters in Durant. The to be placed allowed for tribal members to sign their 500,000-square-foot building will provide convenient name on the large girder. Employees, some who had service available at one location near the health clinic, been with the tribe 35 years or more, signed names wellness center and community center. The same cam- along with their years of service. pus also houses Food Distribution and a Child Devel- The administrative headquarters has been lo- opment Center. cated in the former Oklahoma Presbyterian College Some of the other departments that will reside in (OPC) facility in Durant since 1976. Employees and the new building include administration, finance, legal, leaders are thankful to the legacy of the historic build- membership, CDIB and voter registration services, ing, yet growth has exceeded space in this beautiful emergency services, education and career programs, old building and staff are looking forward to a more children and family services, human resources, job re- efficient tribal member service experience in the new cruitment, commerce, marketing and public relations. facility.

Former OPC has been the tribal headquarters since 1976. Oklahoma Presbyterian College Historical Fact OPC Cardinals were a world– famous basketball team of Oklahoma girls who began their ball–playing career at OPC. They were the National and North American Basketball Championship Teams. The Cardinals played in the 1934 Women’s Olympics in London. The Jim Thorpe Sports Hall of Fame in Oklahoma City hosts this display of recognition.

66 Architect’s renderings of new five-story headquarters, which will open early 2018.

A conference room is available that will seat up to 300 people. There will be a pedestrian bridge over the lake between the headquarters and the clinic and an amphitheater overlooking the lake with a lighted trail.

Both members and employees will have a place to relax, enjoy a good meal and the outdoors. The cafeteria will offer a variety of meals with interior and exterior seating with an outdoor fireplace.

67 CHOCTAW NATION REGIONAL MEDICAL CLINIC

Chief Batton and the Tribal Council are joined by other leaders and health professionals cutting the ribbon to the Durant clinic, officially opening expanded health services in the region.

68 Opportunity, excitement and great expectations were the sentiments expressed by special guest speaker Rear Admiral Chris Buchanan, Acting Director of the Indian Health Service, at the official opening of the Choctaw Nation Regional Medical Clinic in Durant, “Three words come to mind when I think of this Choc- taw Nation Medical Clinic. The first is Opportunity–to do things like we’ve never done before. The second word is Excitement. This clinic offers patients incred- ible medical access. The facility expects 5,700 outpatient visits a year! The third word is Expectation. Great Expectations,” said Buchanan. The two-story clinic is part of a 20-acre “It means providing quality health care to our tribal campus-style development. There are three members. For one thing it’s improving lives. It’s hope- buildings, a clinic, health administration fully keeping them living longer, preventing diseases and facilities maintenance, total- and things like that. That’s what our health and wellness ing about 180,000 square feet, is all about,” said Chief Gary Batton. featuring all-new, top-of- “To make this a reality is phenomenal. I am thank- the-line equipment ful for what our employees, IHS and our Council have and staff of done.” To the tribal members, Chief Batton said, “I 300. hope you enjoy the services you receive here and I hope you have a long and healthy life.” The clinic functions include primary care including Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), pediatrics, geriatrics, podiatry and specialty care, employee

69 would be possible without a compelling vision of health care.” The facility is certified as a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) building, which is a nationally accepted organization for design, operation and construction of high performance “green” buildings. As part of this certification, the clinic has a geothermal heating and cooling system. The majority of the waste construction materials was recycled. Thanks to the energy saving components of the clinic and work to decrease the impact to the environment, the new clinic achieved a Silver LEED certification. Assistant Chief Jack Austin, Jr. introduced Rear Admiral Chris Need to make appointments or fill prescriptions? Buchanan, Acting Director of the Indian Health Service, Rockville, There is now an app for that. Download the Choctaw Maryland. Nation Health Service app free from the App Store or health, physical and speech therapy, outpatient surgery, Google Apps. dental care, audiology, optometry, pharmacy services, lab and radiology services, behavioral health, and both education and meeting facilities. The clinic is the first tribal/Indian Health Service program to have an ambu- latory surgery clinic. Administration functions include human resources, patient relations, healthy aging, education and meeting facilities. This state-of-the-art structure at 1801 Chukka Hina is located north of the Choctaw Casino Resort. It is a block north of the Durant Com- munity Center, adjacent to the construction going up on the new administration building. Assistant Chief Jack Austin said, “None of this Wanda Johnico, Lisa Melton and Nora Johnico came from Talihina to celebrate the opening of the Choctaw Nation Regional Medical Clinic.

Kimberly Wall is at the BioFire Filmarray, a new state-of-the-art Some of the surgical team—Dr. Sumner, Kristinia Delozier, Susan Vail, diagnostic system in the lab allowing for much faster results on Lauren Johnson, Lacey McKay, Beth Daniel, Star Lockhart, Jessie respiratory and gastrointestinal panels. Branton, Jennifer Bell and David Bell.

70 MRI Technologists Colton Bacu and Kati Phillips explain how the machine works, with blue ambient lighting for the comfort of the patient.

CT Technologists Gus Thompson and Tara Taylor showing the latest Regan Reynolds and Physical Therapist Manager Laura Thomas show advances in imaging technology—a 128 slice CT scanner. The CT some of the standard motions done in physical therapy. scanner and MRI help provide detailed information, better diagnostic care and greater convenience.

71 Check out the art throughout the Choctaw Nation Regional Medical Clinic!

Below is an outdoor sculpture at the new clinic, “Chukkachvffa” meaning Family.

72 contributed photo SPECIAL ART ADORNS CLINIC WALLS

In the Choctaw culture, dragonflies are sometimes Beautiful art solved the issue of maintaining pa- referred to as “snake doctors,” in reference to a legend tients’ privacy while working out by large windows. The that dragonflies follow snakes around and stitch them light shining through the dragonfly pond image hang- back together if they are injured. Dragonflies repre- ing over the windows gives the room an ethereal feel. sent transformation and life’s ever-constant process of While sketching the prototypes, Dr. Thompson said change. the dragonflies began to take on personalities. He even The physical therapy and dental areas of the new gave them each a name such as Lizzy, Edward, and Choctaw Nation Regional Medical Clinic in Durant Harry. feature a specially designed dragonfly motif in relaxing Naming the dragonflies made it easier for the art colors of blues and greens and purples. team to change placement and design elements sim- When drawing the dragonflies, the artist, Dr. ply by referring to them by the title Dr. Thompson Ben Thompson, an employee of the Choctaw Nation, gave them. It has given a beautiful project a fun edge looked at the finest details of the insects, took photos that adds to the dragonfly story for the art team and and began sketching on a laptop. This was the first time the health team. When visiting the clinics, and seeing he had attempted freehand artwork on the computer. art featuring dragonflies, see if you can identify Ollie, This allowed the drawings to be manipulated and Monty and Abbie, among the many others! merged into other fields of artwork much more easily An additional art feature is incorporated into the than static sketches that were scanned. wayfinding of the clinic, and is being shared as part of The masterpiece of a beautiful wall of dragonflies the refresh of all the other Choctaw health clinics. For in physical therapy is suspended on a special mate- instance, all pediatric clinics will have the same design rial made of Acrovyn. This material is easily cleaned, or logo, all optometry will have the same design, all providing a long-lasting surface that can be sanitized pharmacy will have the same design, etc. Each of the for the therapy environment. To maintain Joint Com- logos are inspired by traditional beadwork designs that mission accreditation and standards, Acrovyn is used have been used for many years by Choctaws. in many areas in the clinic, and visitors will also see the Dr. Thompson is the Director of Optometry and dragonfly art in different areas. the Facility Director of the Stigler Clinic.

“Be not afraid of going slowly, be afraid only of standing still.”

“Flex–i–bil–i–ty the quality of bending easily without breaking.”

“Strength and growth come only through continuing effort and struggle.”

73 NOTABLE FIRSTS IN HEALTH

Choctaw Nation is the first tribe in the United States to have a fully accredited Family Practice Residency Program partnering with Oklahoma State University. Up to nine residents are stationed at Choctaw hospital in Talihina to go through training. The first year, two of the three residents returned to Talihina to practice, and the second year, one of three returned, so it has proven to be a tremendous recruit- ment retention program. Choctaw Nation is also the first tribe in Oklahoma to sign a contract with LogistiCare for billing for medical transportation, which is the company used for Sooner Rides. Being able to bill for rides enables more funds to be placed into the Tribal Transportation Services Program for services such as hiring additional drivers. With services opening at the new clinic in Durant, the Choctaw Nation has become the first tribe to have an out-patient surgery center in a clinical setting. Choctaw and Chickasaw Na- tions were the first tribes to sign a Memorandum of Understanding for CHOCTAW BLEND BRICK transferring ownership of a clinic with the approval of Indian Health Chief Batton wanted the brick on the Durant clinic to be similar to Service. the Capitol at Tvshka Homma. His challenge put the building crew and Acme brick representatives into “think-mode.” Among the many colors of The Choctaw Nation was the brick at the various yards were dark shades of red that resembled the dark first tribe in Oklahoma to partner antique bricks of the Choctaw Capitol. After much sampling, a blend from with the Veterans Administration to several locations was found to be a modification of a blend that closely re- administer to VA patients. Veter- sembled that between the Tribal Capitol and the current Tribal Headquar- ans may be seen at any of the tribal ters’ brick. Acme has named the color “Choctaw Blend,” and has said they clinics. plan to make it available to the public in the near future.

74 FRESH APPEARANCE AT CLINICS

All of the Choctaw Clinics are getting a “refresh.” health clinics and was disappointed in the appear- The opening of the new Choctaw Nation Regional ance of the tributes—she felt they weren’t particularly Medical Clinic in February 2017 and the Namesake “noticed.” With determination, talent and a thumbs up Project to honor those people the tribal clinics are from health executives, Elliott began working on a cre- named after are just part of the new look patients will ative and consistent way to honor the namesakes. She be seeing. wanted something that would be attractive, modern, The clinics will have the same wayfinding in the re- and capture the look and feel of the newly decorated fresh project to provide consistency. Beadwork inspired clinics across the Choctaw Nation. the wayfinding designs, keeping with the Faith, Family, “When I discovered that Dr. Ben Thompson was Culture values and themes of the tribe. an excellent artist, the ideas began to form,” said Elliott. Artwork and colors “His work is amazing, at each of the clinics will and truly is a treasure.” also reflect these values. Sketches of each of the The Choctaw Nation namesakes by Dr. Thomp- has a goal of providing son, Chief of Optometry tremendous health care and Facility Director of to our families, and we the Stigler Clinic, are want each visit to one of paired with copper and the tribal facilities to be textured plaques, set in as pleasant as possible. glass, for a modern, classic dedication. The Choctaw Na- tion clinics bear a photo Families of the and plaque of a worthy namesake are given a Choctaw person who copy of the sketch during has earned the respect a special ceremony at the and esteem of tribal hanging of each replace- leaders and Choctaw people. A legislative act is re- ment dedication. The Poteau Clinic has hung the sketch quired to title a tribal facility in honor of an individual. of Rubin White and the Poteau Refill Center has hung Employee K. Halann Elliott saw the old-fashioned the sketch of Lois Burton. Idabel Health Care Clinic plaques and photos that adorned the hallways of the bears the name and sketch of Charley Jones. Elliott is requesting assistance in locating family members of the namesake for the McAlester Clinic, Calvin G. Beames. She needs a very clear, original pho- tograph, and a list of family members and addresses to invite to the namesake ceremony for the McAlester event. If family and/or friends have photos of Beames, please send them to K. Halann Elliott, PO Box 1210, Durant, OK 74702. She will return them unharmed. Dr. Thompson is also sketching members of the Choctaw Nation Health Board to commemorate their service to the tribe. Those include deceased members Randle Durant, Loyce Bell, Juanita Jefferson, Geraldine McKinney, Johnson Ott, and Lois Burton. For more information on how you can help provide photos, call (580) 924–8280, ext 2249. Dr. Ben Thompson working on a sketch of Charley Jones.

75 IDABEL CLINIC REDEDICATED A legend among the Choctaw Nation, the name Charley Jones immediately conjures memories of storytelling, Choctaw language and hymns. Charley’s love of history and tireless research was widely known. Wherever he traveled, he had a folder of information under his arm that he was happy to share with whomever was interested. His eyes would twinkle as he pulled out a copy of Choctaw legislation from the mid-1800s or a paper on the late, great Chief Pushmataha. This true gentle warrior of our time, Charley Jones, worked as a servant leader for the Choctaw people, as an employee of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Services. He served three terms as Dis- trict 1 Tribal Councilman for the Choctaw Nation before retiring in 2003 at the age of 85. He was recognized globally as an expert on Choctaw history and was invited to France to share our culture and history overseas. Many of his stories were published in both Choctaw and English, and Charley assisted in writing some of the first books the tribe printed to teach the language. His neighbors and community members were appreciative of Charley and counted on him—they knew he was always willing to volunteer and share his cultural knowledge locally as well. Charley had very modest beginnings, and has told the story of being a 9-year-old barefoot boy with shoulder-length hair running in the forest when people came to take him to boarding school. He tried to wait them out, but in the end, was taken to Goodland. Charley spoke only Choctaw at the time, and his education included a tremendous culture shock.

76 to Charley and honor him with a beautiful portrait in the hall of the clinic so that all the citizens who utilize the clinic can see the wisdom of his face and remember the service of his leadership. Charley may have been slight of build, but he was a champion in stature of respect and reputation. He has been greatly missed since his passing in 2004. Charley greatly enjoyed sharing his knowledge of history, con- sidering Choctaw heritage and He not only acclimated to Louellon Hudspeth. The Choc- history an important part of edu- Goodland School, he went on taw Clinic at Idabel has born his cation, yet made it clear that the to receive a college education at name since its construction, with “Choctaw Way” was not to look Bacone, attended what he called a brass plaque at the base of the back, not to dwell on the past, but “singing school,” and moved back flagpoles. The Namesake Project to focus on moving forward, and to McCurtain County, marrying is an opportunity to pay homage to continue to progress.

Great–great–grandchildren of Charley Jones attended the Namesake event.

77 INDEPENDENT LIVING COMMUNITY GIVES ELDERS AUTONOMY

First resident to move in, Wanda Ward, pictured with Councilman Delton Cox.

Smithville is the beautiful locale of the most re- The Choctaw Nation has Independent Living cently opened Choctaw Nation elder living communi- Communities for elders in Durant, Idabel, Antlers, ty. These elder housing services are designed as units Smithville, Talihina, Poteau, Hartshorne, Atoka, Sti- for a single person or a person and their spouse. Tours gler, and is building a community of homes in Coal- of the homes showed the in-house safe room that is gate. between the living room and kitchen of each unit. “We are happy to provide these comfortable homes Each applicant must be able to live independently. for the Choctaw Senior Citizens,” said Chief Batton. Applicants must be 55 or older. Elders age 62 and older Councilman Kenny Bryant was all smiles at the receive preference. Tenants must be able to pay 15% of offical ribbon cutting, giving God credit for the success their gross adjusted income towards rent. of the project.

78 FIGHTING HUNGER FOR OUR CHILDREN

Teamwork between the Choctaw and Chickasaw Summer Feeding Program Nations has expanded a summer program that provided food to 9,601 children in the Choctaw Nation. From for youth in key locations June through August, students who received free and Being hungry is one of the most severe roadblocks reduced school meals could receive an EBT card with to the learning process. $30 for those three months for healthy food purchases. The Choctaw Nation Health Services sponsored the This federally funded program was available to Summer Food Service Program during the summer at all children who qualified—they did not have to be several key locations. The Summer Food Service Pro- Native American. Qualifying families received ap- gram is designed to fill the nutrition gap and make sure proximately $30 of free food per child, per month for children can get the healthy meals they need through the three summer months. Benefits were on EBT cards the summer months. that worked like a debit card, allowing the purchase of Lack of nutrition during the summer months may healthy food for the summer. set up a cycle for poor performance once school begins In order to qualify, the child must be enrolled in a again. Hunger also may make children more prone to participating school in pre-K through 12th grade and illness and other health issues. The Summer Food Ser- receive free or reduced meals at school. The Chickasaw vice Program (SFSP) ensures that low-income children Nation teamed with the Choctaw Nation and issued the continue to receive nutritious meals when school is not EBT cards for both tribes. in session. “This is a great program to fight hunger for The USDA oversees this federally funded program, our children in the Choctaw Nation,” said Director which the State of Oklahoma administers for them. All Claudene Williams. “We are excited to be able to pro- children who are 1-year-old through 12th grade in the vide this great supplement to the families’ food budgets Broken Bow, Hugo, Spiro and Talihina areas are eligible so that the children can have additional healthy food to have lunch at the Summer Food Service Programs. during the summer while they are out of school.” The Talihina and Broken Bow Boys and Girls Clubs Participating schools for 2017 were Albion, Ant- also provide an afternoon snack for the children. You lers, Atoka, Battiest, Bennington, Boswell, Broken Bow, DO NOT have to be Native American to participate. Caddo, Calvin, Canadian, Caney, Clayton, Crowder, This is an Equal Opportunity Program. Denison, Durant, Eagletown, Forest Grove, Fort Towson, Frink- Chambers, Glover, Haileyville, Harmony, Hartshorne, Haywood, Haworth, Holdenville, Holly Creek, Hugo, Idabel, Indianola, Kiowa, Krebs, Lane, Lukfata, McAlester, Moyers, Nashoba, Pittsburg, Quinton, Rattan, Rock Creek, Savanna, Smithville, Soper, Stringtown, Stuart, Swink, Tanne- hill, Tushka, Tushkahoma, Val- liant and Wright City.

79 Students help the Council, Chief and other leaders cut the ribbon for their new Head Start facility in Atoka.

HEAD START CELEBRATES SAFETY FEATURES

The newly constructed Choc- 14 audio and video security cam- Councilman for District 10, An- taw Nation Head Start at Atoka eras throughout the facility, bullet- thony Dillard, made sure the young proclaims in large letters above the resistant walls and glass, as well as children held the ribbon as he used front door, “Bright Futures Start keyless entries that add protection the “big scissors” to officially open He re .” for each classroom. the Head Start. The beautiful building’s safety Chief Batton has made it clear He said this was the third loca- features include a FEMA-compliant, that he feels it is important to give tion for the Atoka Head Start—and 635-square-foot, walk-in safe room youth a “true head start in life” he was proud to have a dedicated for students and staff. There are by providing an early education, and permanent “home” for the also 26 smoke alarms, fire sprin- including education on Choctaw program. There is a capacity for 34 kler systems, a generator backup, history, culture and language, which children at the 7,681-square-foot and insulation made from recycled they receive at the Choctaw Na- Atoka center. The center currently paper that is fire resistant. There are tion Head Start classrooms. Tribal employs seven staff members.

80 CHAHTA HIMMAK PILA PEHLICHI

New tutoring program in three McCurtain County schools assisted 2,023 in first five months. Chahta Himmak Pila Pehlichi which translates to mean “Choctaw Future Leaders,” is a new scholastic tutoring program that is showing promising results for students. Three schools in Pushmataha and McCur- tain County are benefitting from a Choctaw Nation initiative that collaborates with schools to provide a full hour of tutoring each day after the last bell. Wright City, Battiest and Rattan schools each have teachers who volunteer their time to stay after school to assist any students who need help with their work or bring- Ivan Baker, a senior at Rattan High School, and his sister, 8th–grader ing their grades up. Kamryn Baker, are part of the scholastic tutoring program. The tutoring program is open to students age 14- similar to a pay card, or gift card, that the student can 24, which means that college students are also welcome redeem at a store for food, clothing, or whatever they to attend the program. The program began in January may need for school or extra-curricular activities.” She 2017 through an Administration for Native Ameri- told a story of one young lady who had pride in being cans grant, and is a five-year program. The majority of able to use her card to purchase a pair of new shoes. students who are attending regularly requested tutoring This was the first pair of new shoes she had purchased due to having low grades at the beginning of the pro- on her own, instead of having to wear hand-me-downs. gram. After tutoring, grades began to rise and attitudes began to be better, as well. The director of the program, The tutoring program also brings in special events Hannah Wood, commented that the students were such as ACT preparation courses, and holds a Summer taught responsibility as a part of the program. Leadership Camp, complete with a cultural component for the three schools, which will feature elders from the “The grant has a component that allows us to pro- community to speak to the students. vide an allowance of $8 each time the student fulfills a day’s tutoring,” said Wood. “It is placed on a card Thirty leadership interns attended the 2017 camp.

The classroom is filled with students after school as the volunteer teacher at Rattan, Nikki Brown, oversees and assists them with their various studies.

81 Students, job seekers and employers all benefit CAREER EXPO from the annual event. Over 150 booths were filled in 2017 with representatives from colleges, training facili- PROVIDES ties, military recruiters, businesses and organizations with job opportunities. All of these were able to con- OPPORTUNITIES nect at the Career Expo. Each year, this Expo is coordinated and presented by the Choctaw Nation Career Development Program. A decade of meeting with pre-eminent employ- This program assists tribal members in obtaining ers and training facilities from across the region was career and technology training which leads to industry- marked in 2017 at the annual Choctaw Nation Career recognized certifications and licensures. The program Expo at McAlester. Attendees each year have oppor- supports tribal members in training programs rang- tunities to learn about financial aid assistance, turn in ing from truck driving, welding, teaching, and heavy resumes to prospective employers and hear inspira- equipment operation, to a wide variety of certifications tional speeches. in the health care field, as well as many others.

82 ACE TEAM SERVES OTHERS

ACE is an acronym for Audit, one staff member, Jeanne Hutchins. learning the answers, and then Compliance, and Ethics, and is Another said they also help depart- providing assurance that things are composed of a team that is self- ments grow and improve. “We help working the way they should or to described as providing “strategy- with strategic objectives.” help create plans to get them that based, flexible advisory auditing.” “The ACE team works to ensure way. The ACE employees say they focus the Choctaw Nation is following the For example, ACE learns on helping others meet their needs, nine core values,” said Tony Wesley. the answers to questions such as so that the these—are tribe can de- programs liver the best providing services and the safety programs to inspections the Choc- timely and taw mem- in places bers. “We to prevent are really food borne fortunate to illnesses be able to where food serve,” said is served, the team such as leader, Lissa The ACE team tribal events Julius. The like the ACE team The team also strives to improve Labor Day Festival; do the day care stays busy with multiple projects employee relations. facilities understand and periodi- and objectives on a daily basis, cally practice their emergency and much more than simply audit- “We triage with multiple departments in an effort to identify safety drills that keep our children ing financial activities. This is the safe; does the hospital pharmacy team that manages the conflict of gaps and to prepare management for resolution,” said Lana Dill. adhere to appropriate inventory and interest reporting and analysis, the security procedures to safeguard the CNO hotline and the Compliance Other responsibilities men- medications and are the donations and Ethics Committee. They assess tioned included investigating issues to tribal programs used as intended. organizational culture, investigate dealing with ethics violations, allegations of fraud, deception and harassment, and theft. Collaboration is the key to the corruption, and serve as trusted success of ACE, and one of the best Matt Hanna handles the analyt- examples is found in the efforts advisors. ACE works with leader- ics, turning thousands and thou- ship across the tribal organization of the Investigation Team, which sands of data points into knowl- consists of Tribal Police, ACE-Audit to examine the control frameworks edge, enabling the ACE team to surrounding processes to see if and ACE-Employee Relations. This provide visual information (charts, group meets monthly to review there are gaps that could expose graphs, trend lines) to managers Choctaw Nation to risk of financial trends and discuss best-practice and program leaders. This enables strategies for growing compliance loss, reduction of efficiency, or sim- management to more quickly iden- ply create waste. and cultural consistency across the tify and react to potential control tribal organization. The ultimate When asked what some of the breakdowns within processes. goal is to make sure the Choctaw ACE team duties entail, staff said Julius said some of the ways Nation is protected. they stay busy—tasks include sup- ACE “walks the talk” of being porting managers and employees. “We work on behalf of the tribal accountable to tribal members is members,” said Julius. “We respond to inquiries and issues through asking the right questions, dealing with employees,” explained 83 CHAHTA WORLDWIDE

The first episode of BiskinikTV aired Sep- through the websites, and communicate through tember 2016 with coverage of last year’s festival social media, email and text. and Chief Batton’s State of the Nation address. The Biskinik newspaper has served as the The program is released near the 15th of every main form of communications to tribal members month and has focused on news, culture, and since 1978. With the partnership of the Biski- stories of interest to Chahtas around the world. It nik and Video Production departments, it has may be viewed on the Choctaw Nation’s YouTube evolved to include this video component that is channel and links are provided on the Choctaw fun and convenient to use. Nation web, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram pages. Video Production has created many vid- eos and podcasts highlighting Chahta elders, The Communications Department is utiliz- veterans, successes, culture, and more. The staff ing all forms of media to reach all ages. It is im- have also completed a short film, “The Choctaw portant to keep a connection with the tribe and Pony: Untamed Tradition.” All can be found on with each other regardless of where we live. With ChoctawNationOK, the official Choctaw Nation the improvements in communications, Choc- YouTube Channel, or by subscribing to Anom- taw people are able to be notified of informa- puli on iTunes. tion more quickly, access programs and services

On the set with a live filming of BISKINIK TV on the day of the topping–out ceremony for the new service headquarters building. The hosts interview Council Speaker Delton Cox.

84 MILES TO GO BEFORE I SLEEP Russell dedicates life to message of don’t text and drive

tive of stopdistractions.org, sharing added to the memorial in 2016 and her testimony in front of National Shelley was present for that honor. Transportation and Safety Board This year, she joined the thousands (NTSB) officials. She and other of cyclists on the 250-mile journey families whose loved ones were to honor all the officers. killed because of distracted driving The flag she is holding at the hope that telling their stories will end of the ride with her son’s help enact stricter laws, includ- picture traveled home with her on ing having handheld cell phones American Airlines. “I asked the banned while driving. flight attendant if there was any- Testifying in front of the where we could put this without NTSB opened a door for Shelley breaking it or taking the flag off. to educate a large group of drivers. She said we could put it in one of The President and CEO of USA the extra-long overhead bins after it Truck asked her to present to all his was full and she would put it on top drivers. Their responses spoke of of the suitcases.” In the meantime, thanks for the great service she was the flag was placed by the pilot’s providing by telling her and Nicho- door while the plane was loading. Oklahoma State Trooper las’ story, turning the tragedy into The pilot took the flag and put it in Nicholas Dees was killed in the line an opportunity to save lives. the cockpit with him. He told Shel- of duty during a traffic stop by a In honor of Nicholas, and to ley, “He will have a good view,” as distracted driver January 31, 2015. draw attention to the dangers of dis- he held up the flag. Shelley talked Since then, his mother, Shelley Rus- tracted driving, Shelley has begun to the pilot after the flight and told sell has made it her life’s mission an annual run held the last Saturday him Nicholas’ story. The pilot said to fight against distracted driving of January. Runners can particpate he recognized what the flag was and by sharing his story. Nicholas was in a one-mile fun walk, 5K, and a was not about to let it be put in that Shelley’s only child. Fighting to “Run the badge 7.31 miles”—this bin. Shelley was thankful for the save others’ lives through the legacy represents Nicholas’ badge #731. honor to her son. of his story is what motivates her Funds raised from the run go Shelley vows to keep going until to get up and get going every day. toward the Trooper Dees Scholar- her final breath—“I will not quit. I “Nicholas was killed in less than ship Fund, which is administered know Nicholas is with me.” three and a half seconds–all because through the Chahta Foundation of one text,” Shelley says. and provides funds Thanks in large part to her to two students each efforts, an Oklahoma state law year. was passed in 2016 that prohibits Law Enforce- texting and driving. That is not ment Officers killed enough. Distracted driving goes far in action are honored beyond texting, and Shelley is now each year with a 250- fighting for a law against using any mile bike ride that handheld phones while driving. ends in Washington, Shelley, a longtime Choctaw D.C. This is the Law employee, was able to join in a Enforcement United roundtable discussion in Washing- Road to Hope. ton, D.C. in April as a representa- Nicholas’ name was

85 CHOCTAW TOURISM Exploring paths back in time, planning for future fun

Tourism is the third largest rev- partnering. We enue stream in Oklahoma and as such have a goal of is a vital economic driver for the state helping them be of Oklahoma. This impact is great and sustainable. We reaches well into southeast Oklahoma. want them to In 2016, Oklahoma tourism contrib- own the results uted over $8.6 billion in non-transpor- as much as we tation visitor spending and supported do. By working more than 98,300 jobs—$800 million together, we ac- of this contribution comes from the complish more 10.5 counties that make up the Choc- and our tourism taw Nation. partnerships are Choctaw Country, Choctaw Na- good for both tion’s Tourism Department, promotes a of us.” variety of attractions and events across Oklahoma Southeast Oklahoma to increase the has 11 eco- Wow, in Durant to have story boards awareness of the region as a tourism regions, each with breathtaking land- up to explain the pottery designs, the destination boasting history, culture, scapes. Choctaw Country features four different regalia, and components of outdoor adventure and more. of the state’s ecoregions. The regions tribal history. Each time a visitor enters “The Choctaw Nation Tourism include Crosstimbers, which is the area Choctaw Country, they work to make Department focuses on marketing the western prairie transitions to the sure they have a good time, but also southeast Oklahoma, but the first step low, forested mountains toward the that they learn something new. was showing our residents what is here. east. The second is HardWood Forest, which is home to sites such as Spiro The Choctaw Welcome Center in By helping them see what southeast Colbert is part of the Tourism De- Oklahoma truly offers, we were able to Mounds, Heavener Runestone Park, Robbers Cave State Park and Eu- partment. Erin said the staff there is create a pride and awareness on their excellent and will make you feel right part and a word-of-mouth market- faula Lake State Park. The third is the Ouachita Mountains region, with the at home. She is very proud that visitors ing team on ours. We are consistently are able to hear the Choctaw language working with the entire state of Okla- Talimena National Scenic Byway, Bea- vers Bend State Park, and water ways spoken, purchase authentic Choctaw homa as we go to tourism events and artisan goods and see the culture at the festivals to showcase our communities, such as Broken Bow Lake, Little River, Glover River and Kiamichi River. The Welcome Center. “It is a great place to culture and opportunities,” said Erin begin an education on Choctaw!” Visi- McDaniel, Tourism Director. fourth region, Cypress Swamps and Forests, has opportunity for outdoor tors can also shop the Choctaw Store “When people find out there is sports at Hugo Lake, Raymond Gary for branded and artisan items at www. a place to go scuba diving and white State Park and Little River Wildlife Ref- ChoctawStore.com. water rafting in Choctaw Country, they uge. Favorite visitor locations include Made up of unique counties in are surprised. There is a whole new historic Choctaw sites such as Fort southeast Oklahoma, Choctaw Coun- excitement, a whole new appreciation Towson, Wheelock Academy and the try is just a short drive from major for what Choctaw Country offers,” said Old Chief’s House at Swink. metropolitan areas. Whether visitors Jo McDaniel, Tourism Manager. The Choctaw Tourism Department are looking for an exciting outdoor “The state is divided into five wants to help visitors have the best adventure, a weekend getaway, a fam- ‘countries’, and what was once experience possible. They believe in the ily road trip or a peaceful vacation, “Kiamichi Country” is now ‘Choctaw importance of storytelling for both the Choctaw Country is the perfect place Country,’” said Erin. “We have created area and our Choctaw heritage. Their to explore. a strong evaluation system so we can current marketing campaign focuses on Visit www.ChoctawCountry.com walk in, determine what site or event encouraging storytelling and they are and create your Choctaw Country Ex- needs to provide the best visitor experi- working with the December Pow Wow, perience using Roadtrippers, an online ence, and how we can help through now named the Choctaw Country Pow road trip planner.

86 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Fund Support for Millerton playground, 4C Welding in Hugo The Choctaw Development Fund supports eco- Trustee of the town. nomic viability and sustainability by partnering with “Growing up, the nearest playground was in Val- Choctaw Small Business owners, cities and municipali- liant. I can’t wait to see my grandbabies on the slides ties to create long-term growth and job creating within and balance beam.” the boundaries of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma. Earlier this year, the fund also awarded a forgivable The Choctaw Development Fund awarded Mil- loan to 4C Welding and Industrial Center in Hugo so lerton $10,500 to help purchase the town’s first play- they could expand their services to include drug and ground. The town has never had a playground for the alcohol testing. 4C Welding and Industrial Center is a area children, and will now be able to build a play- tribally owned business that was opened in 2014 and ground with two slides, a tilted rock challenge wall, a is accredited by the National Center for Construction six-foot balance beam, monkey bars and a sliding pole. Education and Research (NCCER). The facility acts as The community worked for a year to raise money an assessment site and offers classes requiring differ- to purchase the equipment. Fundraisers such as a carni- ent hours of training. They also help students with job val at Halloween, community garage sale and donations placement once they become certified. helped the town raise a portion of the proceeds. More information can be obtained on the Choctaw “The whole community is thankful to the Choc- Development Fund or the Forgivable Loan Program by taw Nation for assisting us with money to improve our emailing choctawdevelopmentfund@choctawnation. park with a place for our kids to play,” said Pam Reich, com.

87 CONSTRUCTION

88 Completed construction since 2016 Choctaw Casino Too remodel and parking expansion – Atoka Choctaw Nation Regional Health Clinic – Durant Choctaw Travel Plaza & Casino Too – Heavener, Hugo Community Centers – Bethel/Battiest, Hugo, Talihina Community Greenhouse – Lehigh Data Center – Durant Head Starts – Atoka, Bethel/Battiest, Wright City Independent Living Community – Smithville Public Safety Facility – Durant Wellness Center – Stigler

28 new sites under construction or in planning stages Choctaw Cultural Center – Durant Choctaw Casino Resort expansion – Grant Community Centers – Broken Bow Community Greenhouse – Tuskahoma Country Market – Boswell, Coalgate Day Cares – Durant, Talihina Food Distribution – Poteau Head Starts – Antlers, Hugo, Poteau, Talihina Headquarters – Durant Independent Living Communities – Antlers, Broken Bow, Coalgate Judicial Center – Durant LEAP Housing – Durant Maintenance Facilities – Durant, Broken Bow, McAlester, Tvshka Homma Shopping Center Remodel – Idabel Travel Plazas – Stigler, Talihina Tribal Services Building – McAlester Wellness Center – Durant

89 WHERE THE MONEY COMES FROM TOTAL: $744,000,000

ANNUAL REVIEW

Success in our tribal businesses is ensuring a sustainable future for the Choctaw Nation through economic development that supports tribal services and employment opportunities.

WHERE THE MONEY GOES TOTAL: $744,000,000

90 Federal Funding $215M

Health System Billable Revenue $71M

Health System Other Revenue $20M

Housing Authority $6M

Business and Tribal Revenue $432M

Capital Projects Allocation $153M

Sustainability Fund $86M

Tribal Member Services $505M

91 HIGHLIGHTS

92 The Choctaw Nation continues to grow its programs and services thanks to the success and diversity of its business strategies. Highlighted below are a few more of the ways the Choctaw Nation is making a difference in the lives of its people today and providing sustainability for the generations to come.

In January 2018, the CDIB/Tribal Membership Department will begin issuing the new all in one CDIB/Membership/Photo ID card. Members will now have the convenience of having all three cards in one. The new cards will have more security features to prevent fraud, acknowledge Veteran status of our members and will be Real ID compliant. Your current Membership and CDIB cards will still be valid and it is not a requirement to replace them. Choctaw Veterans Oklahoma License Plates will be available by the first of the year. Since 2014, there has been a 5% increase in the number of Choctaw Tribal Members, a 59% increase in services, and a 53% increase in jobs. During the 2016-17 school year, Choctaw Nation High School Student Services assisted 832 more students than the year before. This included over 1,900 students attending high school within the 10.5 counties and 1,620 students attending high school outside the 10.5 counties. Thanks to the Choctaw Nation High School Student Services program, the number of Choctaw students inducted into the Oklahoma Indian Student Honor Society increased from 193 in 2015-16 to 257 in 2016-17. The Partnership of Summer School Education (POSSE) provided summer learning opportunities at 39 host sites for 3,420 K-3rd grade students from 74 school districts, an increase of 54% over 2016. Early Head Start has been certified in crisis intervention, ensuring all children as well as staff are treated with the best professional care, even in crisis. College Freshman Year Initiative had a 90.1% retention rate for freshmen students participating in the program and a 90.3% retention rate for freshman students who attended Camp Chahta. The School of Choctaw Language provided classes in schools, community classes, and internet courses. An average of 100 students per year enrolled in the internet class. Jones Academy Robotics and Botball teams placed in the top 25 out of 75 teams at international competition. Ninety-six percent of the participants in Support for Expectant and Parenting Teens (SEPT) completed their grade level or received a high school diploma, GED, or certification program. Only two participants in the past four years has reported a repeat pregnancy while enrolled with SEPT. The Choctaw Nation Senior Nutrition Program served 61,748 meals for elders age 55 and over in the last year. Choctaw University just concluded its 5th Annual Leadership Symposium on the campus of Southeastern Oklahoma State University, where almost 400 associates gathered to enhance their leadership skills and competencies.

93 The Choctaw Nation has increased the number of Independent Elder Housing units from 121 to 139 with an additional 30 units to be added in 2018. The Housing and Construction Management departments are in the beginning stages of developing 10 homes for a new Lease Purchase Program (LEAP) in Bryan County. They are planning to expand the program in the next year to help working families obtain affordable home ownership opportunities. The Storm Shelter program has issued 5,278 vouchers since 2013 to aid in the safety of Choctaw people living in Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, Kansas and Missouri. A new Creative Curriculum has been implemented The age limit for a full grant amount of $2,500 was in the Head Start classrooms to promote readiness. lowered to 45 and above. Also added to the guidelines Chief Batton is pictured above reading to a group of was the age of 18-44 Choctaw homeowners now students. eligible for a grant of $1,250. Over 2,200 youth attended camps this summer where they honed skills in cultural enrichment, stickball, softball, baseball, basketball, golf and football. There were $1,235,198 reimbursed to tribal members for their Choctaw Nation car tags during the months of January-June 2017. During the year of 2016, $2,071,654 were reimbursed to members for their tags. More than 18,200 tribal members with residence in the state of Oklahoma obtained their Choctaw hunting/fishing tags. There are 30 tribal members from out of state who obtained and will get 1/2 reimbursement for the Oklahoma license. The Choctaw Nation Recycling program has diverted Health Fairs are held annually in each of the 12 over 15 million pounds from the landfill. That is districts. Several member service programs are on equivalent to about 9,375 full-grown buffalo. hand to share information. Choctaw Travel Plazas started accepting SNAP benefits at the stores. The Choctaw Country Market in Clayton is on pace to finish just under $6 million in revenues. Clayton’s success spurred two more Country Market’s design and future openings. The Choctaw Country Market was also the only structure up and running with electricity after a tornado hit the area. Our team rushed down in the middle of the night to allow Rescue and Firefighters to set up camp there, and cooked and served them all.

Choctaw senior citizens stay fit and have fun with fitness challenges, chair volleyball, and other activities.

94 CHAHTA SIA HOKE State of the Nation 2017 CHAHTA SIA HOKE STATE OF THE NATION 2017

CHOCTAW NATION PO BOX 1210 DURANT, OKLAHOMA 74702-1210

Stay Connected to the Nation CHOCTAWNATION.COM 800.522.6170 Living out the Chahta Spirit of Faith, Family and Culture.