AGAINST the GRAIN: the Cereal Trade in Darfur
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36 Csos and Individuals Urge the Council to Adopt a Resolution on Sudan
Letter from 36 NGOs and individuals regarding the human rights situation in Sudan in advance of the 33rd session of the UN Human Rights Council To Permanent Representatives of Members and Observer States of the UN Human Rights Council Geneva, Switzerland 7 September 2016 Re: Current human rights and humanitarian situation in Sudan Excellency, Our organisations write to you in advance of the opening of the 33rd session of the United Nations Human Rights Council to share our serious concerns regarding the human rights and humanitarian situation in Sudan. Many of these abuses are detailed in the attached annex. We draw your attention to the Sudanese government’s continuing abuses against civilians in South Kordofan, Blue Nile and Darfur, including unlawful attacks on villages and indiscriminate bombing of civilians. We are also concerned about the continuing repression of civil and political rights, in particular the ongoing crackdown on protesters and abuse of independent civil society and human rights defenders. In a recent example in March 2016, four representatives of Sudanese civil society were intercepted by security officials at Khartoum International Airport on their way to a high level human rights meeting with diplomats that took place in Geneva on 31 March. The meeting was organised by the international NGO, UPR Info, in preparation for the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of Sudan that took place in May.1 We call upon your delegation to support the development and adoption of a strong and action- oriented resolution on Sudan under agenda item 4 at the 33rd session of the UN Human Rights Council. -
Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and U.S. Policy
Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and U.S. Policy -name redacted- Specialist in African Affairs October 5, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R42774 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and U.S. Policy Summary Congress has played an active role in U.S. policy toward Sudan for more than three decades. Efforts to support an end to the country’s myriad conflicts and human rights abuses have dominated the agenda, as have counterterrorism concerns. When unified (1956-2011), Sudan was Africa’s largest nation, bordering nine countries and stretching from the northern borders of Kenya and Uganda to the southern borders of Egypt and Libya. Strategically located along the Nile River and the Red Sea, Sudan was historically described as a crossroads between the Arab world and Africa. Domestic and international efforts to unite its ethnically, racially, religiously, and culturally diverse population under a common national identity fell short, however. In 2011, after decades of civil war and a 6.5 year transitional period, Sudan split in two. Mistrust between the two Sudans—Sudan and South Sudan—lingers, and unresolved disputes and related security issues still threaten to pull the two countries back to war. The north-south split did not resolve other simmering conflicts, notably in Darfur, Blue Nile, and Southern Kordofan. Roughly 2.5 million people remain displaced as a result of these conflicts. Like the broader sub-region, the Sudans are susceptible to drought and food insecurity, despite significant agricultural potential in some areas. -
Sudan's Compliance with Its Obligations Under the International
Sudan’s compliance with its obligations under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights in the context of mixed migration from, and to Sudan 124th session of the Human Rights Committee - Review of Sudan’s State Party report September 2018 1. Introduction This submission by the Centre for Human Rights Law, SOAS, University of London, the International Refugee Rights Initiative (IRRI), and Waging Peace (WP) builds on the Centre’s and IRRI’s research and prior submission on the list of issues.1 It also draws on WP’s research on Sudanese asylum seekers and their return to, and experiences of human rights violations, in Sudan.2 Sudan has become the focal point of policy initiatives and projects on mixed migration in the Horn of Africa, particularly in the context of the Khartoum Process, an initiative comprising 41 States as well as European Union (EU) and African Union (AU) bodies.3 The Khartoum Process has been widely criticised, as it is viewed as prioritising migration control objectives over addressing the root causes of mixed migration from Sudan, particularly a legacy of, and ongoing, human rights violations.4 The 1 IRRI, SIHA and SOAS, Centre for Human Rights Law, ‘Tackling the Root Causes of Human Trafficking and Smuggling from Eritrea: The need for an empirically grounded EU policy on mixed migration in the Horn of Africa’ (November 2017), available at http://refugee-rights.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/IRRI-KP-final.pdf; ‘The Khartoum Process policy of engagement and human rights protection in Sudan’, Written evidence submitted by the Centre for Human Rights Law, SOAS, to the UK All-Party Parliamentary Group for Sudan and South Sudan Inquiry: UK-Sudan Relations-Consequences of Engagement (August 2016), available at www.soas.ac.uk/human-rights-law/file114315.pdf. -
Put out to Pasture War, Oil and the Decline of Misseriyya Humr Pastoralism in Sudan
hpghpg hpg HumanitarianHumanitarian Humanitarian PolicyPolicy Group Group Policy Group Put out to pasture War, oil and the decline of Misseriyya Humr pastoralism in Sudan Sara Pantuliano, Omer Egemi, Babo Fadlalla and Mohammed Farah with Mohammed Elamin Abdelgadir March 2009 ISBN: 978 0 85003 896 5 9 78085 0 038965 Misseriyya cover.indd 1 6/4/09 8:31:11 am About the authors Sara Pantuliano is a Programme Leader and Research Fellow with the Humanitarian Policy Group (HPG) at the Overseas Development Institute (ODI). Omer Egemi is Assistant Professor at the Department of Geography at the University of Khartoum. Babo Fadlalla is a Professor at the College of Forestry and Range Sciences at the Sudan University of Science and Technology in Khartoum. Mohammed Farah is a Researcher at the Social and Economic Research Institute in the Ministry of Science and Technology in Khartoum. Mohammed Elamin Abdelgadir is a Consultant for the Three Areas for USAID/OTI in Khartoum. Humanitarian Policy Group Overseas Development Institute 111 Westminster Bridge Road London SE1 7JD United Kingdom Tel: +44(0) 20 7922 0300 Fax: +44(0) 20 7922 0399 Website: www.odi.org.uk/hpg Email: [email protected] ISBN: 978 0 85003 896 5 Misseriyya cover.indd 2 6/4/09 8:31:12 am misseriyya report crc 13/5/09 8:02 pm Page i Contents Acknowledgements Acronyms v 1. Introduction and methodology 1 1.1 Background 1 2. Livelihoods under stress: chronic vulnerability and adaptive changes 3 2.1 Main livelihood profiles in Dar Misseriyya 3 2.2 External shocks 5 2.3 Changes in livelihoods strategies 7 3. -
Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and US Policy
Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and U.S. Policy Lauren Ploch Blanchard Specialist in African Affairs October 5, 2012 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42774 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Sudan and South Sudan: Current Issues for Congress and U.S. Policy Summary Congress has played an active role in U.S. policy toward Sudan for more than three decades. Efforts to support an end to the country’s myriad conflicts and human rights abuses have dominated the agenda, as have counterterrorism concerns. When unified (1956-2011), Sudan was Africa’s largest nation, bordering nine countries and stretching from the northern borders of Kenya and Uganda to the southern borders of Egypt and Libya. Strategically located along the Nile River and the Red Sea, Sudan was historically described as a crossroads between the Arab world and Africa. Domestic and international efforts to unite its ethnically, racially, religiously, and culturally diverse population under a common national identity fell short, however. In 2011, after decades of civil war and a 6.5 year transitional period, Sudan split in two. Mistrust between the two Sudans—Sudan and South Sudan—lingers, and unresolved disputes and related security issues still threaten to pull the two countries back to war. The north-south split did not resolve other simmering conflicts, notably in Darfur, Blue Nile, and Southern Kordofan. Roughly 2.5 million people remain displaced as a result of these conflicts. Like the broader sub-region, the Sudans are susceptible to drought and food insecurity, despite significant agricultural potential in some areas. -
South Sudanese Refugees in Sudan's East Darfur Fact Sheet As at June
EAST DARFUR FACT SHEET AS AT JUNE 2018 ABOUT WORLD VISION Map of East Darfur State World Vision is an international Christian humanitarian, development and advocacy organisation. Our work began in the 1950s, with one man, Bob Pierce, who witnessed tragedy and poverty in Asia. Bob Pierce committed to help one child in one country with just US$5. SHEIRIA Today, World Vision has operations in nearly 100 countries worldwide responding to the call of serving the world’s most vulnerable regardless of religion, race, ethnicity, or gender. YASSIN ED DAEIN ABU KARINKA IN SUDAN Ed Daein ADILA ASSALAYA World Vision has its head office in Khartoum (the capital city). We operate in three states namely: Blue Nile, East Darfur, South Darfur which accounts for EL FERDOUS approximately 80 per cent of the total annual budget and most recently-South Kordofan. Our programmes address immediate humanitarian needs of vulnerable ABU JABRA communities while building longer term resilience and adaptation through recovery interventions. BAHR EL ARAB ! Key interventions are in health and nutrition, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene ! (WASH), food security and sustainable livelihoods, education, child care and gender. Highlighted in orange: Localities where World Vision also provides emergency food assistance through the support of the World Vision is currently operating. World Food Programme (WFP). Our work benefits Host Communities, Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs), Refugees, as well as Returnees. About East Darfur East Darfur has an estimated 2.7 million people. It is semi-arid in the southern part and arid in the northern part. East Darfur receives rainfall between June and October and is predominantly agro-pastoralist. -
Internal Displacement in Sudan
Internal Displacement in Sudan Background paper prepared for the Mission to Sudan of the Senior Inter-Agency Network on Internal Displacement 2-13 April 2002 Norwegian Refugee Council/Global IDP Project Chemin Moïse Duboule, 59 1209 Geneva - Switzerland Tel: + 41 22 799 0700 Fax: + 41 22 799 0701 E-mail : [email protected] Briefing paper for Sudan mission 2-13 April 2002 2 ______________________________________________________________________ Introduction More than thirty years of civil war and inter tribal conflicts have caused tremendous suffering for the civilian Sudanese population. Since the conflict escalated in 1983 there have been an estimated two million war-related deaths and reliable sources estimate that 4 million or more remain internally displaced – with little prospect for large-scale returns in the near future. During recent years there has been a major expansion of oil production inside the conflict area. This has become closely linked with increased displacement as civilians have been forced to move as the conflict has escalated in these areas. Access problems in areas such as the Nuba Mountains, Bahr al Ghazal, Western Upper Nile/Unity State, Eastern Equatoria and southern Blue Nile continuously limit the opportunity to reach the displaced with humanitarian assistance, and there are regular reports of IDPs being exposed to gross violations of fundamental human rights and the rules of war – including relief facilities being targeted by aerial bombing (ICG 2002 p3; UN November 2001 p52). Common problems of quantifying IDP populations is further complicated in Sudan by traditional nomadic migration patterns, as well as movements related to people searching for emergency assistance due to sustained drought problems and even occasional floods. -
The Human Security Agenda and Its Impact on Foreign Aid Donation to Sudan
THE HUMAN SECURITY AGENDA AND ITS IMPACT ON FOREIGN AID DONATION TO SUDAN by Camila de Mello Aquino BA International Relations, Instituto de Educação Superior de Brasília, Brasília - Brazil, 2007 RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS In the School for International Studies © Camila de Mello Aquino 2010 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2010 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for Fair Dealing. Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. APPROVAL Name: Camila de Mello Aquino Degree: Master of Arts in International Studies Title of Research Project: The Human Security Agenda and its Impact on Foreign Aid Donation to Sudan Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. John Harriss Professor of International Studies ______________________________________ Dr. Jeffrey T. Checkel Senior Supervisor Professor of International Studies ______________________________________ Dr. Morten Jerven Supervisor Assistant Professor of International Studies Date Approved: August 20, 2010 ii Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. -
UNSG Report on UNAMID
United Nations S/2019/44 Security Council Distr.: General 14 January 2019 Original: English African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur Report of the Secretary-General I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2429 (2018), by which the Council extended the mandate of the African Union-United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID) until 30 June 2019 and requested me to report, every 90 days, on its implementation. The report provides an update on and analysis of the conflict, the political situation and the operational environment in Darfur for the period from 4 October 2018 to 3 January 2019. It outlines activities undertaken in accordance with the indicators of achievement for the benchmarks for the mission’s exit and highlights the main challenges to the effective implementation of the mandate. It also provides an update on the progress made by UNAMID in implementing the recommendations contained in the special report of the Chairperson of the African Union Commission and the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the strategic review of UNAMID (S/2018/530). II. Conflict analysis 2. The security situation in Darfur has remained relatively stable, except for intermittent clashes between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Sudan Liberation Army/Abdul Wahid (SLA/AW) faction in Jebel Marra that resulted in civilian displacement. No major episodes of intercommunal violence were reported. Incidents of crop destruction, which often spark local-level confrontations, were also on the decline. The reduction in the number of incidents of intercommunal violence corresponds to the overall decrease in counter-insurgency operations and associated militia mobilization, in addition to the concerted efforts of UNAMID, the United Nations country team, national and local authorities and communities to resolve disputes and pursue peaceful coexistence. -
Safeguarding Sudan's Revolution
Safeguarding Sudan’s Revolution $IULFD5HSRUW1 _ 2FWREHU +HDGTXDUWHUV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO&ULVLV*URXS $YHQXH/RXLVH %UXVVHOV%HOJLXP 7HO )D[ EUXVVHOV#FULVLVJURXSRUJ Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. From Crisis to Coup, Crackdown and Compromise ......................................................... 3 III. A Factious Security Establishment in a Time of Transition ............................................ 10 A. Key Players and Power Centres ................................................................................. 11 1. Burhan and the military ....................................................................................... 11 2. Hemedti and the Rapid Support Forces .............................................................. 12 3. Gosh and the National Intelligence and Security Services .................................. 15 B. Two Steps Toward Security Sector Reform ............................................................... 17 IV. The Opposition ................................................................................................................. 19 A. An Uneasy Alliance .................................................................................................... 19 B. Splintered Rebels ...................................................................................................... -
Sudan June - August Briefing 2018
SUDAN JUNE - AUGUST BRIEFING 2018 Humanitarian Figures Highlights Humanitarian JUNE-AUGUST BRIEFING 2018 > The Voluntary Return and Resettlement Commission claim 80,000 5.5 million people have returned to their original villages in South Kordofan people in Sudan need humanitarian assistance. > Flooding has affected more than 142,000 people in fourteen of According to a report by the UN, Sudan’s eighteen states this is an increase of 0.7 million Sudanese authorities are prosecuting activists, protestors and compared to 2017 ……… > journalists 2 million Internally Displaced People [IDPs] > Omar al-Bashir directs the government in Darfur to encourage the need support in Sudan. New return of displaced people to the state crises are emerging in southern and eastern states (UN Report) 1.2 million Key Developments refugees are seeking asylum in Sudan. An influx of 200,000 > While many people are returning to their homes, there are people from South Sudan is situations of new and protracted displacement in South Kordofan and expected by the end of the year Blue Nile. New UNAMID bases in Jebel Marra, South Kordofan and (UN Report) …… Blue Nile has led to identification of new needs for IDPs 4.8 million > The African Union Peace and Security Council has expressed its people are living at emergency anxieties over the proposed reduction of UNAMID’s area of levels of food insecurity in Sudan, operation. The UN’s decision to downsize its peacekeeping mission in according to the Food Security Darfur is feared to have a damaging impact on similarly fragile states Technical Secretariat (FSTS) in Sudan 694,000 children are suffering from Severe > Journalists are being prosecuted by Sudanese authorities as the Acute Malnutrition. -
Assessment of Effectiveness of Chinese Aid in Competence Building and Financing Development in Sudan Samia Satti Osman Mohamed Nour
UNU‐MERIT Working Paper Series #2014-014 Assessment of effectiveness of Chinese aid in competence building and financing development in Sudan Samia Satti Osman Mohamed Nour Maastricht Economic and social Research institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU‐MERIT) email: [email protected] | website: http://www.merit.unu.edu Maastricht Graduate School of Governance (MGSoG) email: info‐[email protected] | website: http://mgsog.merit.unu.edu Keizer Karelplein 19, 6211 TC Maastricht, The Netherlands Tel: (31) (43) 388 4400, Fax: (31) (43) 388 4499 UNU-MERIT Working Papers ISSN 1871-9872 Maastricht Economic and social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology, UNU-MERIT Maastricht Graduate School of Governance MGSoG UNU-MERIT Working Papers intend to disseminate preliminary results of research carried out at UNU-MERIT and MGSoG to stimulate discussion on the issues raised. Assessment of Effectiveness of Chinese Aid in Competence Building and Financing Development in Sudan By Dr. Samia Satti Osman Mohamed Nour (January, 2014) Assessment of Effectiveness of Chinese aid in Competence Building and Financing Development in Sudan Page 1 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Assessment of Effectiveness of Chinese Aid in Competence Building and Financing Development in Sudan By Dr. Samia Satti Osman Mohamed Nour1 (January, 2014) Abstract This paper discusses the effectiveness of Chinese aid for competence building and financing development in Sudan using new primary data at the micro level. We find that Chinese aid and loans to Sudan caused mixed positive-negative impacts. The positive impact is competence building and providing alternative complementary sources of finance to complement domestic capital and financing development projects; the negative impact is increasing Sudanese debts to China.