SAMPLE DESIGN Appendix A
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SAMPLE DESIGN Appendix A A.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE SAMPLE DESIGN The primary objective of the sample design for the 2002 Jordan Population and Family Health Survey (JPFHS) was to provide reliable estimates of most variables, such as fertility, contraceptive prevalence, selected health indicators and infant mortality, for a variety of health and demographic analyses at the national level and for major subpopulations. The major subpopulations that have been defined include those of urban and rural domains, as well as those of the three regions in Jordan: North (consisting of Irbid, Jarash, Ajloun, and Mafraq governorates), Central (consisting of Amman, Madaba, Balqa, and Zarqa governorates), and South (consisting of Karak, Tafielah, Ma’an, and Aqaba governorates). The population to be covered by the 2002 JPFHS is defined as the universe of all ever- married women age 15-49 in Jordan; as such, a sample of households was selected and all ever-married women age 15-49 identified in the selected households were interviewed. A.2 SAMPLE FRAME Administratively, Jordan is divided into 12 governorates. Each governorate is subdivided into district units; in turn, each district is divided into subdistricts, which are divided into localities. In addition to these administrative units, during the last 1994 Population and Housing Census, each locality was subdivided into convenient areas called census blocks. The list of census blocks contains census information on households and population, grouped by each administrative unit. The sample of the 2002 JPFHS is based on the frame provided by the 1994 Population and Housing Census. The frame excludes the population living in remote areas (most of whom are nomads), as well as those living in collective dwellings, such as hotels, hospitals, work camps, prisons, and the like. A master sample was developed for Jordanian household surveys with selected PSUs (census blocks) in different sample replicates for national estimates. Four of these replicates were updated a few months ago for the Employment and Unemployment Survey. For the purposes of the survey, the sampling frame was updated by preparing a current list of buildings and housing unit numbers, as well as the names of occupants therein (households). This set of four replicates from the master sampling frame was taken to be the sampling frame for the 2002 Jordan DHS, and three of these four replicates were selected for the survey. In all households of one of the selected replicates, anemia testing was implemented for all eligible women and for all children under the age of five; the resultant anemia indicator is representative at the national level as well as for all of the above-specified subpopulations. A.3 STRATIFICATION For the purposes of sample design, each of the twelve governorates in Jordan was considered an independent stratum. The population localities in each governorate were divided into urban (a locality with population of 5,000 or more) and rural (except for the five major cities, namely: Amman, Wadi Essier, Zarqa, Russeifa, and Irbid, each of which formed an independent stratum), with a resultant 29 strata. The localities in each governorate were divided into categories according to the population size in the locality; then they were ordered according to their geographical succession. Appendix A | 155 The primary sampling units (PSUs) in each of the five major cities were divided into four categories according to their socioeconomic characteristics, based on the results of the 1994 Population and Housing Census. A variety of variables were taken into account, such as type of building material, type of housing unit, source of drinking water, type of sewage system, and educational level of household members. These variables were classified in four levels: low level, medium low level, high medium level, and high level. The PSUs were ranked and categorized according to the score calculated for each of them. In addition, the PSUs in each governorate and for each stratum were ordered by urban and rural status according to a specific geographical procedure, and the five major cities were stratified according to socioeconomic characteristics. A.4 SAMPLE ALLOCATION The sample was selected in two stages. In the first stage, 166 PSUs were selected, which formed a replicate. These units were distributed across governorates, urban and rural residences in each governorate, and across the five major cities, according to the weight of each unit in terms of total households therein, and according to the variance within each stratum. Slight modifications regarding the number of these units were made to cope with the multiple of four. The PSUs were selected using the probability proportionate to size (PPS) with systematic selection procedure. The number of households in each cluster served as its weight. In the second stage, after updating the frame of the selected PSUs, a constant number of households (16 households) was selected from each PSU selected in the first stage. The sample for the three replicates consisted of 498 PSUs (block), out of which 16 households were selected as ultimate sampling units (USUs) using a systematic random procedure. The number of PSUs in each governorate was not allocated proportionally among governorates since the sample size was increased in the smallest governorates. The following table (Table A.1) shows the proportional and final allocation for a sample size of about 8,000 selected households using three out of the four sample replicates from the Jordan Employment and Unemployment Survey. The target of the 2002 JPFHS sample was to select about 8,000 households for the interviewing process. Based on the level of non-response found in the 1997 Jordan DHS, the 2002 JPFHS was expected to have approximately 5,500 completed interviews of ever-married women age 15-49. The selected households are distributed in 498 clusters; 351 clusters are in urban areas, and 147 clusters are in the rural areas. Under this final allocation, it was expected that each of the twelve governorates of Jordan would have a minimum of 350 completed interviews. 156 | Appendix A Table A.1 Proportional allocation and final allocation by governorate ———————————————————————————— Final allocation Census 1994 of PSUs —————————— ————————— Number of Number Governorate households Percent of PSUs Percent ———————————————————————————— Amman 279,701 41.2 99 19.9 Balqa 43,618 6.4 42 8.4 Zarqa 100,713 14.8 66 13.3 Madaba 16,400 2.4 24 4.8 Irbid 118,472 17.4 75 15.0 Mafraq 24,974 3.7 27 5.4 Jarash 18,721 2.8 24 4.8 Ajloun 14,833 2.2 24 4.8 Karak 26,333 3.9 33 6.6 Tafiela 9,585 1.4 24 4.8 Ma’an 12,149 1.8 33 6.6 Aqaba 13,740 2.0 27 5.4 Total 679,239 100.0 498 100.0 A.5 SAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION The fieldwork for the household interview was carried out from July 1 through September 30, 2002. A total of 7,968 occupied housing units were selected, of which 7,907 households were found. Of those households, 7,825 were interviewed successfully, yielding a response rate of 99.0 percent. The number of women eligible for individual interview (ever-married women age 15 to 49) identified in the household interviews was 6,151, of whom 6,006 were successfully interviewed, with a response rate of 97.6 percent. Thus, the overall response rate for the 2002 JPFHS (the product of the household and the individual response rates) was 96.6 percent. Household response rates ranged from 98.8 percent in the Central region to 99.2 percent in the North region (see Table A.2). The rate of response to the individual interview is lowest in the Central region (96.6 percent) and highest in the South region (98.8 percent). Considering the combined household and individual response rates, the Central region shows the lowest rate (95.4 percent), while the South region has the highest (97.9 percent). Appendix A | 157 Table A.2 Sample implementation Percent distribution of households and eligible women by results of the houshold and individual inter- views, and household, eligible women, and overall response rates, according to urban-rural residence and region, Jordan 2002 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Residence Region Result of interview –––––––––––––– –––––––––––––––––––––––––– and response rate Urban Rural Central North South Total ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Selected households Completed (C) 98.0 98.7 98.3 97.4 99.0 98.2 Household present but no competent respondent at home (HP) 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 Refused (R) 1.1 0.4 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.9 Household absent (HA) 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3 Dwelling vacant/address not a dwelling (DV) 0.4 0.6 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.5 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number of sampled households 5,616 2,352 3,696 2,400 1,872 7,968 Household response rate (HRR)1 98.8 99.4 98.8 99.2 99.1 99.0 Eligible women Completed (EWC) 97.3 98.5 96.6 98.4 98.8 97.6 Not at home (EWNH) 1.1 0.7 1.6 0.5 0.5 1.0 Refused (EWR) 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5 Partly completed (EWPC) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Incapacitated (EWI) 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 Other (EWO) 0.9 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Number of women 4,314 1,837 2,886 1,789 1,476 6,151 Eligible women response rate (EWRR)2 97.3 98.5 96.6 98.4 98.8 97.6 Overall response rate (ORR)3 96.1 98.0 95.4 97.5 97.9 96.6 ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 1 Using the number of households falling into specific response categories, the household response rate (HRR) is calculated as: 100 x C ––––––––––– C + HP + R 2 Using the number of eligible women falling into specific response categories, the eligible woman response rate (EWRR) is calculated as: 100 x EWC ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– EWC + EWNH + EWR + EWPC + EWI + EWO 3 The overall response rate (ORR) is calculated as: ORR = HRR * EWRR/100 158 | Appendix A A.6 SAMPLE SELECTION The 2002 JPFHS sample was selected using a stratified two-stage cluster design consisting of 498 clusters (PSUs): 351 in the urban and 147 in the rural areas.