Autismnext Positive Sample Report
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Aberrant Methylation Underlies Insulin Gene Expression in Human Insulinoma
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18839-1 OPEN Aberrant methylation underlies insulin gene expression in human insulinoma Esra Karakose1,6, Huan Wang 2,6, William Inabnet1, Rajesh V. Thakker 3, Steven Libutti4, Gustavo Fernandez-Ranvier 1, Hyunsuk Suh1, Mark Stevenson 3, Yayoi Kinoshita1, Michael Donovan1, Yevgeniy Antipin1,2, Yan Li5, Xiaoxiao Liu 5, Fulai Jin 5, Peng Wang 1, Andrew Uzilov 1,2, ✉ Carmen Argmann 1, Eric E. Schadt 1,2, Andrew F. Stewart 1,7 , Donald K. Scott 1,7 & Luca Lambertini 1,6 1234567890():,; Human insulinomas are rare, benign, slowly proliferating, insulin-producing beta cell tumors that provide a molecular “recipe” or “roadmap” for pathways that control human beta cell regeneration. An earlier study revealed abnormal methylation in the imprinted p15.5-p15.4 region of chromosome 11, known to be abnormally methylated in another disorder of expanded beta cell mass and function: the focal variant of congenital hyperinsulinism. Here, we compare deep DNA methylome sequencing on 19 human insulinomas, and five sets of normal beta cells. We find a remarkably consistent, abnormal methylation pattern in insu- linomas. The findings suggest that abnormal insulin (INS) promoter methylation and altered transcription factor expression create alternative drivers of INS expression, replacing cano- nical PDX1-driven beta cell specification with a pathological, looping, distal enhancer-based form of transcriptional regulation. Finally, NFaT transcription factors, rather than the cano- nical PDX1 enhancer complex, are predicted to drive INS transactivation. 1 From the Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism Institute, The Department of Surgery, The Department of Pathology, The Department of Genetics and Genomics Sciences and The Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA. -
Analysis of Gene Expression Data for Gene Ontology
ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION DATA FOR GENE ONTOLOGY BASED PROTEIN FUNCTION PREDICTION A Thesis Presented to The Graduate Faculty of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Robert Daniel Macholan May 2011 ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION DATA FOR GENE ONTOLOGY BASED PROTEIN FUNCTION PREDICTION Robert Daniel Macholan Thesis Approved: Accepted: _______________________________ _______________________________ Advisor Department Chair Dr. Zhong-Hui Duan Dr. Chien-Chung Chan _______________________________ _______________________________ Committee Member Dean of the College Dr. Chien-Chung Chan Dr. Chand K. Midha _______________________________ _______________________________ Committee Member Dean of the Graduate School Dr. Yingcai Xiao Dr. George R. Newkome _______________________________ Date ii ABSTRACT A tremendous increase in genomic data has encouraged biologists to turn to bioinformatics in order to assist in its interpretation and processing. One of the present challenges that need to be overcome in order to understand this data more completely is the development of a reliable method to accurately predict the function of a protein from its genomic information. This study focuses on developing an effective algorithm for protein function prediction. The algorithm is based on proteins that have similar expression patterns. The similarity of the expression data is determined using a novel measure, the slope matrix. The slope matrix introduces a normalized method for the comparison of expression levels throughout a proteome. The algorithm is tested using real microarray gene expression data. Their functions are characterized using gene ontology annotations. The results of the case study indicate the protein function prediction algorithm developed is comparable to the prediction algorithms that are based on the annotations of homologous proteins. -
Correction of Cognitive Deficits in Mouse Models Of
Correction of cognitive deficits in mouse models of Down syndrome by a pharmacological inhibitor of DYRK1A Thu Lan Nguyen, Arnaud Duchon, Antigoni Manousopoulou, Nadège Loaëc, Benoît Villiers, Guillaume Pani, Meltem Karatas, Anna E Mechling, Laura-Adela Harsan, Emmanuelle Limanton, et al. To cite this version: Thu Lan Nguyen, Arnaud Duchon, Antigoni Manousopoulou, Nadège Loaëc, Benoît Villiers, et al.. Correction of cognitive deficits in mouse models of Down syndrome by a pharmacological in- hibitor of DYRK1A. Disease Models & Mechanisms, Cambridge Company of Biologists, 2018, 11 (9), pp.dmm035634. 10.1242/dmm.035634. hal-01862465 HAL Id: hal-01862465 https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01862465 Submitted on 17 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. © 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd | Disease Models & Mechanisms (2018) 11, dmm035634. doi:10.1242/dmm.035634 RESEARCH ARTICLE Correction of cognitive deficits in mouse models of Down syndrome by a pharmacological inhibitor of DYRK1A Thu Lan Nguyen1,2,3,4,5, Arnaud Duchon1,2,3,4, Antigoni Manousopoulou6, Nadegè Loaëc5, Benoît Villiers5, Guillaume Pani1,2,3,4, Meltem Karatas7,8, Anna E. Mechling8, Laura-Adela Harsan7,8, Emmanuelle Limanton9, Jean-Pierre Bazureau9, François Carreaux9, Spiros D. -
The Mutational Landscape of Myeloid Leukaemia in Down Syndrome
cancers Review The Mutational Landscape of Myeloid Leukaemia in Down Syndrome Carini Picardi Morais de Castro 1, Maria Cadefau 1,2 and Sergi Cuartero 1,2,* 1 Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain; [email protected] (C.P.M.d.C); [email protected] (M.C.) 2 Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, 08916 Badalona, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Leukaemia occurs when specific mutations promote aberrant transcriptional and proliferation programs, which drive uncontrolled cell division and inhibit the cell’s capacity to differentiate. In this review, we summarize the most frequent genetic lesions found in myeloid leukaemia of Down syndrome, a rare paediatric leukaemia specific to individuals with trisomy 21. The evolution of this disease follows a well-defined sequence of events and represents a unique model to understand how the ordered acquisition of mutations drives malignancy. Abstract: Children with Down syndrome (DS) are particularly prone to haematopoietic disorders. Paediatric myeloid malignancies in DS occur at an unusually high frequency and generally follow a well-defined stepwise clinical evolution. First, the acquisition of mutations in the GATA1 transcription factor gives rise to a transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) in DS newborns. While this condition spontaneously resolves in most cases, some clones can acquire additional mutations, which trigger myeloid leukaemia of Down syndrome (ML-DS). These secondary mutations are predominantly found in chromatin and epigenetic regulators—such as cohesin, CTCF or EZH2—and Citation: de Castro, C.P.M.; Cadefau, in signalling mediators of the JAK/STAT and RAS pathways. -
Evidence for Differential Alternative Splicing in Blood of Young Boys With
Stamova et al. Molecular Autism 2013, 4:30 http://www.molecularautism.com/content/4/1/30 RESEARCH Open Access Evidence for differential alternative splicing in blood of young boys with autism spectrum disorders Boryana S Stamova1,2,5*, Yingfang Tian1,2,4, Christine W Nordahl1,3, Mark D Shen1,3, Sally Rogers1,3, David G Amaral1,3 and Frank R Sharp1,2 Abstract Background: Since RNA expression differences have been reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for blood and brain, and differential alternative splicing (DAS) has been reported in ASD brains, we determined if there was DAS in blood mRNA of ASD subjects compared to typically developing (TD) controls, as well as in ASD subgroups related to cerebral volume. Methods: RNA from blood was processed on whole genome exon arrays for 2-4–year-old ASD and TD boys. An ANCOVA with age and batch as covariates was used to predict DAS for ALL ASD (n=30), ASD with normal total cerebral volumes (NTCV), and ASD with large total cerebral volumes (LTCV) compared to TD controls (n=20). Results: A total of 53 genes were predicted to have DAS for ALL ASD versus TD, 169 genes for ASD_NTCV versus TD, 1 gene for ASD_LTCV versus TD, and 27 genes for ASD_LTCV versus ASD_NTCV. These differences were significant at P <0.05 after false discovery rate corrections for multiple comparisons (FDR <5% false positives). A number of the genes predicted to have DAS in ASD are known to regulate DAS (SFPQ, SRPK1, SRSF11, SRSF2IP, FUS, LSM14A). In addition, a number of genes with predicted DAS are involved in pathways implicated in previous ASD studies, such as ROS monocyte/macrophage, Natural Killer Cell, mTOR, and NGF signaling. -
Autism Ontario Genetics Webinar EN.Pdf
Autism Ontario Genetics Webinar Thursday October 29, 2020 12:00 – 1:00 pm Panelist Stephen Scherer, PhD - Scientist Ny Hoang, MS, CGC – Genetic Counsellor Ryan Yuen, PhD - Scientist Evdokia Anagnostou, MD - Child Neurologist Autism Spectrum Disorders weak genetic factor Complex Multifactorial Condition strong genetic factor environmental factors Genetic contribution is highly variable Strong genetic Moderate genetic Weaker genetic factor factor factor Examples of genetic factors: SHANK3, NRXN1, CHD8, ARID1B, 16p13.11, 22q11 Genetic contribution is a biological difference chromosome Cell DNA sequence Protein Genetic contribution is a biological difference chromosome Cell DNA sequence genetic variant Protein not working Protein Protein not working DNA sequence genetic variant Deletions & Duplications Single Nucleotide Variations 1q21.1 deletions/ duplications CHD8, ARID1B, SCN2A, SYNGAP1, 16p13.11 deletions/ duplications SHANK3, ANK2, GRIN2B, CHD2 NRXN3, ASTN2, MBD5, PTCHD1 DNA sequence genetic variant Repeat Expansions Example: Fragile X syndrome (FMR1) CGGCGGCGGCGGCGG Normal repeat size: 5-40 CGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGGCGG Syndrome repeat size: >200 DNA sequence genetic variant Repeat Expansions Fragile X syndrome (FMR1), repeat >200 • Disorders linked to well- CGG defined repeat pattern (motif) Friedreich Ataxia (FXN), repeat >100 • Only one pattern per disorder GAA • Myotonic dystrophy Type 1 (DMPK), repeat >50 Normal repeat size range CTG known Huntington’s Disease (HTT), repeat >35 CAG Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 10 (ATXN10), repeat >800 -
Multiple Cellular Proteins Interact with LEDGF/P75 Through a Conserved Unstructured Consensus Motif
ARTICLE Received 19 Jan 2015 | Accepted 1 Jul 2015 | Published 6 Aug 2015 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8968 Multiple cellular proteins interact with LEDGF/p75 through a conserved unstructured consensus motif Petr Tesina1,2,3,*, Katerˇina Cˇerma´kova´4,*, Magdalena Horˇejsˇ´ı3, Katerˇina Procha´zkova´1, Milan Fa´bry3, Subhalakshmi Sharma4, Frauke Christ4, Jonas Demeulemeester4, Zeger Debyser4, Jan De Rijck4,**, Va´clav Veverka1,** & Pavlı´na Rˇeza´cˇova´1,3,** Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF/p75) is an epigenetic reader and attractive therapeutic target involved in HIV integration and the development of mixed lineage leukaemia (MLL1) fusion-driven leukaemia. Besides HIV integrase and the MLL1-menin complex, LEDGF/p75 interacts with various cellular proteins via its integrase binding domain (IBD). Here we present structural characterization of IBD interactions with transcriptional repressor JPO2 and domesticated transposase PogZ, and show that the PogZ interaction is nearly identical to the interaction of LEDGF/p75 with MLL1. The interaction with the IBD is maintained by an intrinsically disordered IBD-binding motif (IBM) common to all known cellular partners of LEDGF/p75. In addition, based on IBM conservation, we identify and validate IWS1 as a novel LEDGF/p75 interaction partner. Our results also reveal how HIV integrase efficiently displaces cellular binding partners from LEDGF/p75. Finally, the similar binding modes of LEDGF/p75 interaction partners represent a new challenge for the development of selective interaction inhibitors. 1 Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the ASCR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic. 2 Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 5, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic. -
Genetic and Genomic Analysis of Hyperlipidemia, Obesity and Diabetes Using (C57BL/6J × TALLYHO/Jngj) F2 Mice
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Nutrition Publications and Other Works Nutrition 12-19-2010 Genetic and genomic analysis of hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes using (C57BL/6J × TALLYHO/JngJ) F2 mice Taryn P. Stewart Marshall University Hyoung Y. Kim University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Arnold M. Saxton University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Jung H. Kim Marshall University Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_nutrpubs Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Nutrition Commons Recommended Citation BMC Genomics 2010, 11:713 doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-713 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Nutrition at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nutrition Publications and Other Works by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Stewart et al. BMC Genomics 2010, 11:713 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/11/713 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Genetic and genomic analysis of hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes using (C57BL/6J × TALLYHO/JngJ) F2 mice Taryn P Stewart1, Hyoung Yon Kim2, Arnold M Saxton3, Jung Han Kim1* Abstract Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common form of diabetes in humans and is closely associated with dyslipidemia and obesity that magnifies the mortality and morbidity related to T2D. The genetic contribution to human T2D and related metabolic disorders is evident, and mostly follows polygenic inheritance. The TALLYHO/ JngJ (TH) mice are a polygenic model for T2D characterized by obesity, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose uptake and tolerance, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. -
De Novo POGZ Mutations in Sporadic
Matsumura et al. Journal of Molecular Psychiatry (2016) 4:1 DOI 10.1186/s40303-016-0016-x SHORT REPORT Open Access De novo POGZ mutations in sporadic autism disrupt the DNA-binding activity of POGZ Kensuke Matsumura1, Takanobu Nakazawa2*, Kazuki Nagayasu2, Nanaka Gotoda-Nishimura1, Atsushi Kasai1, Atsuko Hayata-Takano1, Norihito Shintani1, Hidenaga Yamamori3, Yuka Yasuda3, Ryota Hashimoto3,4 and Hitoshi Hashimoto1,2,4 Abstract Background: A spontaneous de novo mutation is a new mutation appeared in a child that neither the parent carries. Recent studies suggest that recurrent de novo loss-of-function mutations identified in patients with sporadic autism spectrum disorder (ASD) play a key role in the etiology of the disorder. POGZ is one of the most recurrently mutated genes in ASD patients. Our laboratory and other groups have recently found that POGZ has at least 18 independent de novo possible loss-of-function mutations. Despite the apparent importance, these mutations have never previously been assessed via functional analysis. Methods: Using wild-type, the Q1042R-mutated, and R1008X-mutated POGZ, we performed DNA-binding experiments for proteins that used the CENP-B box sequence in vitro. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer post hoc tests. Results: This study reveals that ASD-associated de novo mutations (Q1042R and R1008X) in the POGZ disrupt its DNA-binding activity. Conclusions: Here, we report the first functional characterization of de novo POGZ mutations identified in sporadic ASD cases. These findings provide important insights into the cellular basis of ASD. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, Recurrent mutation, De novo mutation, POGZ, DNA-binding activity Background including CHD8, ARID1B, SYNGAP1, DYRK1A, SCN2A, The genetic etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ANK2, ADNP, DSCAM, CHD2, KDM5B, SUV420H1, remains poorly understood. -
Co-Occupancy by Multiple Cardiac Transcription Factors Identifies
Co-occupancy by multiple cardiac transcription factors identifies transcriptional enhancers active in heart Aibin Hea,b,1, Sek Won Konga,b,c,1, Qing Maa,b, and William T. Pua,b,2 aDepartment of Cardiology and cChildren’s Hospital Informatics Program, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115; and bHarvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 Edited by Eric N. Olson, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, and approved February 23, 2011 (received for review November 12, 2010) Identification of genomic regions that control tissue-specific gene study of a handful of model genes (e.g., refs. 7–10), it has not been expression is currently problematic. ChIP and high-throughput se- evaluated using unbiased, genome-wide approaches. quencing (ChIP-seq) of enhancer-associated proteins such as p300 In this study, we used a modified ChIP-seq approach to define identifies some but not all enhancers active in a tissue. Here we genome wide the binding sites of these cardiac TFs (1). We show that co-occupancy of a chromatin region by multiple tran- provide unbiased support for collaborative TF interactions in scription factors (TFs) identifies a distinct set of enhancers. GATA- driving cardiac gene expression and use this principle to show that chromatin co-occupancy by multiple TFs identifies enhancers binding protein 4 (GATA4), NK2 transcription factor-related, lo- with cardiac activity in vivo. The majority of these multiple TF- cus 5 (NKX2-5), T-box 5 (TBX5), serum response factor (SRF), and “ binding loci (MTL) enhancers were distinct from p300-bound myocyte-enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A), here referred to as cardiac enhancers in location and functional properties. -
A Heterozygous Microdeletion of 20Q13.13 Encompassing ADNP Gene in a Child with Helsmoortel–Van Der Aa Syndrome
European Journal of Human Genetics (2018) 26:1497–1501 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-018-0165-8 ARTICLE A heterozygous microdeletion of 20q13.13 encompassing ADNP gene in a child with Helsmoortel–van der Aa syndrome 1,2 1 3 1 4 Minh-Tuan Huynh ● Elise Boudry-Labis ● Alfred Massard ● Caroline Thuillier ● Bruno Delobel ● 4 5 Bénédicte Duban-Bedu ● Catherine Vincent-Delorme Received: 8 September 2017 / Revised: 3 April 2018 / Accepted: 11 April 2018 / Published online: 13 June 2018 © European Society of Human Genetics 2018 Abstract Helsmoortel–van der Aa (SWI/SNF autism-related or ADNP syndrome) is an autosomal dominant monogenic syndrome caused by de novo variants in the last exon of ADNP gene and no deletions have been documented to date. We report the first case of a 3 years and 10 months old boy exhibiting typical features of ADNP syndrome, including intellectual disability, autistic traits, facial dysmorphism, hyperlaxity, mood disorder, behavioral problems, and severe chronic constipation. 60K Agilent array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) identified a heterozygous interstitial microdeletion at 20q13.13 chromosome region, encompassing ADNP and DPM1. Taking into account the clinical phenotype of previously reported cases with ADNP single-point variants, – – 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: genotype phenotype correlation in the proband was established and the diagnosis of Helsmoortel van der Aa syndrome was made. Our report thus confirms that ADNP haploinsufficiency is associated with Helsmoortel–van der Aa syndrome as well as highlights the utility of whole-genome array-CGH for detection of unbalanced submicroscopic chromosomal rearrangements in routine clinical setting in patients with unexplained intellectual disability and/or syndromic autism. -
Gfh 2016 Tagungsband Final.Pdf
27. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Humangenetik 27. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Humangenetik gemeinsam mit der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Humangenetik und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Genetik 16.–18. 3. 2016, Lübeck Tagungsort Prof. Dr. med. Jörg Epplen, Bochum (Tagungspräsident 2017) Prof. Dr. med. Michael Speicher, Graz (Tagungspräsident 2015) Hotel Hanseatischer Hof Prof. Dr. med. Klaus Zerres, Aachen Wisbystraße 7–9 Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Berger, Zürich (Delegierter der SGMG) 23558 Lübeck Univ.-Prof. DDr. med. univ. Johannes Zschocke, Telefon: (0451) 3 00 20-0 (Innsbruck Delegierter der ÖGH) http://www.hanseatischer- hof.de/ [email protected] Fachgesellschaften Die Jahrestagung fi ndet im Hotel Hanseatischer Hof statt, das sich Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humangenetik (GfH) in in fussläufi ger Entfernung vom Lübecker Hauptbahnhof befi ndet. Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. med. Klaus Zerres, Aachen Stellvertretende Vorsitzende: Prof. Dr. med. Gabriele Gillessen- Tagungspräsidentin Kaesbach, Lübeck Stellvertretende Vorsitzende: Prof. Dr. biol. hum. Hildegard Prof. Dr. med. Gabriele Gillessen- Kaesbach Kehrer- Sawatzki, Ulm Institut für Humangenetik Schatzmeister: Dr. rer. nat. Wolfram Kress, Würzburg Universität zu Lübeck/UKSH Schrift führerin: Dr. rer. nat. Simone Heidemann, Kiel Ratzeburger Allee 160, Haus 72 23538 Lübeck Österreichische Gesellschaft für Humangenetik (ÖGH) Telefon: 0049-451-500-2620 Univ. Prof. Dr. med. univ. Michael Speicher, Graz (Vorsitzender) Fax: 0049-451-500-4187 Univ. Doz. Dr. med. univ. Hans-Christoph Duba, Linz (Stellvertre- tende Vorsitzende) Tagungsorganisation Univ.-Prof. DDr. med. univ. Johannes Zschocke, Innsbruck (Stellvertretende Vorsitzende) Dr. Christine Scholz (Leitung) Dr. Gerald Webersinke, Linz (Schrift führer) Brigitte Fiedler (Teilnehmerregistrierung) Ass.-Prof. Priv. Doz. Dr. med. univ. Franco Laccone, Wien (Stellver- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Humangenetik e.