THOSE ON BOARD THANKSGIVING The 102 passengers that ed Holland and England to THE JOURNEY escape persecution from the Church were Separatists. Provincetown But all who boarded the Mayower in search of the New To pay for the journey to America, the Pilgrims took a loan for 1,700 pounds. This was an Land were Pilgrims. Cape Cod astronomical sum of money, considering the average day’s wage back then was 10 pence. To repay the loan, the Pilgrims signed a legal contract called an indenture, which obligated them 4 Christopher to work for seven years, six days a week, harvesting furs and cod. However, more than half the The captain: THE MAYFLOWER Jones, born in Harwich, Pilgrims died from the bitter cold the rst winter. You’re crammed in a room, shoulder to shoulder with 100 other passengers. It’s dark. It smells. It’s wet and very cold. There’s no privacy. No bathrooms. Your meals are pitiful — salted meat and a hard, 72 passengers 132 crew and passengers* Essex, about 1570, was 1 Southampton, England partial owner of the dry biscuit. You, and people around you are sick, because the room is rocking side to side. There’s no fresh water and no Mayower and had served 2 Plymouth Atlantic Ocean Leiden, Holland change of clean clothes. In essence, you‘re trapped because land is thousands of miles away. These conditions seem as captain of the ship for 12 inhumane, but this was the Mayower, the Pilgrims’ only means of transportation to a better life in the New Land. years prior to the voyage to Europe the New Land. The New Land 66 days By JEFF GOERTZEN | Southern California News Group Crew 30* 3

1. Aug. 15, 1620: 2. Sept. 16: 3. Nov. 11: 4. Nov. 21: Two ships (Speedwell and Mayower) The Mayower le The Mayower Compact was The Mayower anchored at Masts: During a storm on the Steerage room: Where le Southampton. The ships were Plymouth carrying signed aboard the ship at sea. Provincetown. By journey’s end, journey, the main beam the pilot steered the forced back twice because of leaks in 102 passengers from This was the rst governining two passengers died and a boy cracked. The Pilgrims xed it Mayower with a stick Poop house: Living the Speedwell. both ships. document of the new colony. was born. with a large screw they had called a whip-sta , which quarters for the ship’s Men 40 brought for housebuilding. moved the tiller, which captain and higher moved the rudder. ranking crew. ON THE SHIP Upper deck: Where The Mayflower was originally a merchant ship that transported goods across the English Channel. Its castlelike seamen worked and structures fore and a of the ship were designed to protect the crew from the elements. This made it very dicult to attended to the ship. sail against the North Atlantic westerly winds, which is why it took more than two months to complete the journey. Aer 1624, the Mayower disappeared from maritime records. Several places in England claim to have a piece of the Capstan: A large Forecastle: Where Cabin: General sleeping original ship, but there is no historical proof to support these claims. apparatus used to meals were cooked and quarters for the crew li and lower cargo. crew’s food supplies members. kept. Boys 31 (Under age 21)

Gun room: Where gun Women 19 powder, shot and other The Bible: Was the primary supplies were stored for source of literature for the the ship’s cannons. passengers. Adults read Girls 10 (Under age 21) scriptures to the children English daily. Worship services Dutch lasted all day on Sundays. Servants Gun deck: Where Undetermined 2 Navigation: Was done cannons were located with a compass and and where the star location. An hourglass passengers lived. It was THE PILGRIMS was used to keep time. only 5 feet high. Men: Most of the men had been farmers and were used to working long, hard hours. But on the ship, they spent most of their time Consumables: Were stored in barrels to keep reading or playing board games. The men also dry and safe from rodents. Food included: met to talk about the journey and plans for Salted meats and sh Cargo hold: Where their new home. Raisins and prunes food, tools and supplies Oatmeal and rice were stored. Women: On the ship, women cared for the Butter 5’ children, prepared the meals, and sewed Beer and wine (primary beverage) clothes. Women were expected to obey Water (used only for animals and cooking) Artillery: The ship carried their husbands, so they never questioned 12 cannons to defend itself their decision to go to the New World. 7’ against pirates. Eight were Skirvy: Because fruits could not be 2’ Minion cannons that Children: There were 41 minors on transported, many of the passengers weighed 1,200 pounds and board the Mayower. Only 10 were girls. su ered from scurvy, a result of Crowded space: Each passenger had a space of could shoot a cannonball The older girls helped care for the vitamin C deciency. Seasickness about 2 feet by 7 feet. The ceiling of the gun over a mile. younger children. There was no place for was also common. deck was only 5 feet high. them to play.

*Depending on sources Sources: mayowerhistory.com; National Geographic; Teaching & Learning Co.; geni.com; History Channel; wikipedia.org; plimothplantation.org; gosocialstudies.go.wix.com