Explore England & the Journey of the Mayflower Pilgrims
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Pilgrims, the Mayflower Compact, and Thanksgiving by TIM BAILEY
Colonial America: Pilgrims, the Mayflower Compact, and Thanksgiving BY TIM BAILEY UNIT OVERVIEW Over the course of three lessons the students will analyze primary and secondary sources on the voyage of the Pilgrims to America aboard the Mayflower, the writing of the Mayflower Compact, and the origin of Thanksgiving. The texts are a modern secondary source about the journey of the Mayflower and two primary sources: The Mayflower Compact (1620) and a letter by a colonist, Edward Winslow (1621). Students will closely analyze these materials, draw conclusions, and demonstrate their understanding through classroom activities as directed in each lesson. UNIT OBJECTIVES Students will be able to • Read primary sources and a secondary source about a historical event • Demonstrate an understanding of the event described by creating illustrations, using text from the document as captions • Explain their illustrations orally to their peers • Analyze and summarize the content and purpose of historical documents ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS You can use these essential questions to stimulate discussion throughout the unit: • What conditions encouraged the Pilgrims to leave Europe? • What challenges did the Pilgrims face during their voyage on the Mayflower? • Why is the Mayflower Compact considered the first document establishing an American government? • How did Edward Winslow describe relations between the colonists and American Indians? • Why is Winslow’s letter considered a description of the “First Thanksgiving”? • How does Winslow’s description of the 1621 event fit with our traditional telling of the story of the First Thanksgiving? 1 Elementary Teaching W/Docs Lesson 1.indd 1 6/7/18 2:26 PM NUMBER OF CLASS PERIODS: 3 COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.4.1: Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. -
THE PILGRIMS – a Sermon in 3 Parts
THE PILGRIMS – A Telling in 3 Parts Rev. Gregory Flint Thanksgiving Sunday, November 22, 2009 Psalm 100 Part I: “The Calling and Voyage” In September, 1620, a little ship called the Mayflower sailed out of Plymouth, England. There were one hundred two passengers on board – men, women, children – calling themselves, Pilgrims. Well, one hundred four if you count the two Pilgrim dogs – a spaniel and a mastiff. The ship’s crew numbered 20 under the command of Master Christopher Jones. The Mayflower, no Queen Mary, was barely one hundred feet long. The passengers were literally crammed in the “tween deck,” which was little more than a crawlspace between the cargo hold and the upper deck. A second ship, called the Speedwell, had also begun the voyage. But the Speedwell was an ill-named vessel, slow and leaky. After turning back twice for repairs, most of the Speedwell’s passengers abandoned the voyage, and others squeezed onto the Mayflower, which sailed out of Plymouth solo. It was a high-risk journey. A year earlier another group of Pilgrims had tried the voyage. Before the ship turned back, 130 of the 180 passengers died. And in the previous two years at the Jamestown settlement in Virginia, 3000 of the 3600 settlers had died. So who were they – this intrepid band aboard the Mayflower? What mattered enough to leave everything behind and risk this voyage? What was the Pilgrim passion and quest? They were known as “Separatists.” They worshiped in clandestine, illegal gatherings. For the Pilgrims wanted to be free of state church mandated liturgy, the doctrine of bishops, and the religious whims of kings. -
THE MAYFLOWER Jones, Born in Harwich, Pilgrims Died from the Bitter Cold the Rst Winter
THOSE ON BOARD THANKSGIVING The 102 passengers that ed Holland and England to THE JOURNEY escape persecution from the Church were Separatists. Provincetown But all who boarded the Mayower in search of the New To pay for the journey to America, the Pilgrims took a loan for 1,700 pounds. This was an Land were Pilgrims. Cape Cod astronomical sum of money, considering the average day’s wage back then was 10 pence. To repay the loan, the Pilgrims signed a legal contract called an indenture, which obligated them 4 Christopher to work for seven years, six days a week, harvesting furs and cod. However, more than half the The captain: THE MAYFLOWER Jones, born in Harwich, Pilgrims died from the bitter cold the rst winter. You’re crammed in a room, shoulder to shoulder with 100 other passengers. It’s dark. It smells. It’s wet and very cold. There’s no privacy. No bathrooms. Your meals are pitiful — salted meat and a hard, 72 passengers 132 crew and passengers* Essex, about 1570, was 1 Southampton, England partial owner of the dry biscuit. You, and people around you are sick, because the room is rocking side to side. There’s no fresh water and no Mayower and had served 2 Plymouth Atlantic Ocean Leiden, Holland change of clean clothes. In essence, you‘re trapped because land is thousands of miles away. These conditions seem as captain of the ship for 12 inhumane, but this was the Mayower, the Pilgrims’ only means of transportation to a better life in the New Land. -
Harvest Ceremony
ATLANTIC OCEAN PA\\' fl.. Xf I I' I \ f 0 H I PI \ \. I \I ION •,, .._ "', Ll ; ~· • 4 .. O\\'\\1S s-'' f1r~~' ~, -~J.!!!I • .. .I . _f' .~h\ ,. \ l.J rth..i'i., \ inc-v •.u d .. .. .... Harvest Ceremony BEYOND THE THANK~GIVING MYTH - a study guide Harvest Ceremony BEYOND THE THANKSGIVING MYTH Summary: Native American people who first encountered the “pilgrims” at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts play a major role in the imagination of American people today. Contemporary celebrations of the Thanksgiving holiday focus on the idea that the “first Thanksgiving” was a friendly gathering of two disparate groups—or even neighbors—who shared a meal and lived harmoniously. In actuality, the assembly of these people had much more to do with political alliances, diplomacy, and an effort at rarely achieved, temporary peaceful coexistence. Although Native American people have always given thanks for the world around them, the Thanksgiving celebrated today is more a combination of Puritan religious practices and the European festival called Harvest Home, which then grew to encompass Native foods. The First People families, but a woman could inherit the position if there was no male heir. A sachem could be usurped by In 1620, the area from Narragansett Bay someone belonging to a sachem family who was able in eastern Rhode Island to the Atlantic Ocean in to garner the allegiance of enough people. An unjust or southeastern Massachusetts, including Cape Cod, unwise sachem could find himself with no one to lead, Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket, was the home as sachems had no authority to force the people to do of the Wampanoag. -
The Mayflower Compact (1620)
The Mayflower Compact (1620) In 1620, the passengers aboard the Mayflower found themselves for nine stormy weeks in the Atlantic Ocean. They were headed for the warm climate and fertile land of the Virginia colony, but they landed instead far to the north of this desired colony. The passengers consisted of a group of 35 Pilgrims— a religious group that had separated from the Church of England—and 70 others. On November 11, 1620, the boat reached Cape Cod, in present-day Massachusetts. The non-Pilgrims claimed that because the ship had not landed in Virginia, the charter for a colony was not valid. Moreover, the non-Pilgrims claimed that they did not have to obey the Pilgrim leaders. In an effort to keep the group together and to maintain order, the Pilgrim leaders drew up the Mayflower Compact. While still on board, most of the adult men in the group signed the document. A month later, the passengers went on land, creating the first permanent English settlement in New England, at Plymouth, Massachusetts. The Mayflower Compact became the basis for government of the Plymouth Colony. The document is remarkable for its time because it created a government of ordinary citizens, not just members of the ruling class. In The Name of God, Amen. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread [awe- inspiring] Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to plant the first colony in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do . -
Mayflower Story.Pdf
OFFICIAL Mayflower Story The Mayflower set sail on 16th September 1620 from Plymouth, UK, to voyage to America, known to English explorers at the time as the New World. But its history and story start long before that. Its passengers were in search of a new life. They would go on to be known as the Pilgrims influencing the future of the United States of America in ways they could never have imagined. This story isn't just about the Mayflower's passengers though. It's about the people who already lived in America such as the Wampanoag tribe and the enormous effect the arrival of these colonists would have on Native Americans and the land they had called home for centuries. The Passengers More than 30 million people, including many celebrities, can trace their ancestry to the 102 passengers and approximately 30 crew aboard the Mayflower when it landed in Plymouth Bay, Massachusetts, in the harsh winter of 1620. On board were men, women and children from different walks of life across England and the city of Leiden, Holland. A significant number were known as Separatists - people who mostly wanted to live free from the current Church of England, under the ruling of Henry VIII, which dictated all aspects of life and to dispute that rule was a path ending in prosecution. Others were on the ship anticipating the chance to build a better future, the opportunity of new land and the offer of freedom and adventure. The passengers are often grouped into ‘Saints’ or ‘Strangers’ by historians, alluding to their motivations for the journey. -
Catalogue SECTION M "Bookes Lent & Omitted in Ye Formr Catalogue" (Book Sizes Unknown)
Catalogue SECTION M "Bookes lent & omitted in ye formr Catalogue" (Book sizes unknown) 1176. 2 my owne Sermon bookes £0 05 0 Presumably 2 copies of Item no. 451, above. 1177. Alexand: ab Alexand Genialium dierum £0 03 6 Alexander ab ALEXANDRO, Genialium dierum libri sex ... accuratius quam antehac excusi, cu. duplici indice, Paris, 1532 folio Numerous subsequent editions in various book sizes. (DS, p.286) 1178. The history of ye yron age £0 06 6 Jean Nicolas de PARIVAL, The History of this Iron Age wherein is set down the true state of Europe, as it was in the year 1500 ... rendred into English, by B. Harris, London, 1656 ; 1659 folio (STC : P361) 1179. The history of Sweethland £0 07 0 John FOWLER, The History of the troubles of Suethland and Poland, which occasioned the expulsion of Sigismundus the Third ... with his heires ... from the Suethish crown, London, 1656 folio (STC : F1731-F1732) 1180. Plato in latine £0 07 6 Probably an edition of: PLATO, Opera (ed. M. Ficino), Florence, 1484, 1485 Lyons, 1588 folio 1181. Peuceri de divinatione £0 03 6 Caspar PEUCER, Co_entarius de praecipuis divinationum generibus, Wittenberg, 1553 ... Hanover & Frankfurt, 1607 80 183 The library of John Webster 1182. Holy oake upon Rider £0 10 0 John RIDER, Bishop of Killaloe, Riders dictionarie corrected and augpented (English-latin). Wherein Riders index is transformed into a dictionarie etymologicall. any words added (Latin-English) B F(rancis) Holyoke, London, 1606 ... London, 1659 40 (STC : 21032-21036b.7 ; R1442-R1443) 1183. A Greeke Lexicon £0 08 6 1184. 3 of Glaubers bookes £0 03 6 3 volumes by Johann Rudolph GLAUBER. -
National Programme Announcement
NATIONAL PROGRAMME ANNOUNCEMENT Steering our future, inspired by the past. Mayflower400UK.org NATIONAL PROGRAMME ANNOUNCEMENT 400 Years - 400 Moments Mayflower 400: Commemorating Great Britain’s 2020 is the 400th anniversary of the Mayflower’s voyage, connection with the US and Netherlands, bringing one of the most influential journeys in global history and a nations and communities together through an defining moment in the shared history of Britain, the US and the Netherlands. exceptional programme of heritage and modern culture that explores arguably the most influential The international Mayflower Compact Partnership has been journey in western history. created to align 11 core UK partner locations across England, alongside the United States of America, the Native American community and the Netherlands. Partners are united in their “ These pages guide you to over 400 events, performances, passion to commemorate the anniversary and to celebrate exhibitions and trails hosted by twenty-three different shared values of Imagination, Freedom, Humanity and destinations from four nations across two continents. the Future. Together they form an international programme In the build up to and during 2020, partner locations commemorating the 400th anniversary of the voyage of have created an international ‘Mayflower Trail’ and an the Mayflower. Binding these nations together is their accompanying world class cultural programme which will unite shared appreciation of the profound legacy of a voyage communities, inspire creativity, drive economic growth and that changed the world. The story of how 102 ordinary promote understanding. Over 400 ‘moments’, ranging from Englishmen and women, resolute in their commitment to international civic ceremonies to local community events. -
Mayflower (May-Floure) Was Not
ACTUALLY, THE MAYFLOWER (MAY-FLOURE) WAS NOT A “NEGRERO” SLAVE VESSEL “It has been said that though God cannot alter the past, historians can; it is perhaps because they can be useful to Him in this respect that He tolerates their existence.” — Samuel Butler, EREWHON REVISITED HDT WHAT? INDEX THE MAYFLOWER THE MAYFLOWER There is an historical circumstance, known to few, that connects the children of the Puritans with these Africans of Virginia in a very singular way. They are our brethren, as being lineal descendants from the Mayflower, the fated womb of which, in her first voyage, sent forth a brood of Pilgrims on Plymouth Rock, and, in a subsequent one, spawned slaves upon the Southern soil, — a monstrous birth, but with which we have an instinctive sense of kindred, and so are stirred by an irresistible impulse to attempt their rescue, even at the cost of blood and ruin. The character of our sacred ship, I fear, may suffer a little by this revelation; but we must let her white progeny offset her dark one, — and two such portents never sprang from an identical source before. HDT WHAT? INDEX THE MAYFLOWER THE MAYFLOWER In the course of the Civil War, the racist Nathaniel Hawthorne, who detested American of color and desired for the secessionist states to win, adverted that after bringing over the white people in 1620 the Mayflower had been re-purposed as a negrero. That seems quite unlikely to have been the case. Either Hawthorne had some indication now entirely lost to us — or, more than likely, he was merely making up Fake News like -
Social Studies Chapter 5, Lesson 3 the Plymouth Colony the Pilgrim Voyage • King Henry VIII of England Left the Roman Catholi
Social Studies Chapter 5, Lesson 3 The Plymouth Colony The Pilgrim Voyage King Henry VIII of England left the Roman Catholic Church and set up the Church of England. King Henry VIII punished anyone who did not attend the church he had established. The Pilgrims did not like the rules of the church, so they established their own church. King James I allowed the Pilgrims to settle in Virginia, so they could worship in peace. The London Company paid for their voyage. The pilgrims agreed to pay the company back in lumber and furs. On Board the Mayflower The Pilgrims sailed from Plymouth, England, in September 1620 on the Mayflower. The tiny ship carried 100 people, barrels of bread, salted meat, pigs, chickens, and goats. They landed on Cape Cod in what is now part of New England. A Difficult Winter The Pilgrims write a compact before they left the Mayflower. compact – an agreement The Mayflower Compact was a form of government for the new colony. The Pilgrims agreed to obey all the laws of the colony. Only men signed the compact. Native American Neighbors The Wampanoag Indians lived in the area where the Pilgrims landed. They hunted, farmed, and fished along the coast. sachem- a leader of the Native Americans The sachem of the Wampanoag was Massasoit. Massasoit, Squanto, and Samoset were Wampanoag sachems that saved the Pilgrims’ lives in their first years in New England. The Plymouth Colony The Pilgrims settled in Plymouth. They called their settlement Plymouth Plantations. The first winter many Pilgrims died from disease. The Pilgrims elected Bradford as their new leader. -
William Bradford's of Plimoth Plantation
William Bradford’s Of Plimoth Plantation State Library of Massachusetts State House - Room 341 24 Beacon Street Boston, MA 02133 www.mass.gov/lib A Treasure of the Commonwealth Elvernoy Johnson, State Librarian Second revised edition, 2019 Brief Chronology of Bradford and the Manuscript 1590 William Bradford is born in Austerfield, Yorkshire, England. 1608 Bradford leaves England with members of a Separatist group who believed that the Church of England should institute reforms to eliminate the rituals and practices of the Roman Catholic Church and form a more “pure” Christian church; they relocate to the Netherlands. 1608-1620 Bradford works as a weaver, marries, and works with the congregation to plan emigration to the Colony of Virginia. 1620 Separatist families and about 50 other colonists leave England and the Netherlands on the Mayflower to sail to the mouth of the Hudson River. After a voyage of 66 days, they reach Cape Cod on November 9. In December, the colonists relocate to the current site of Plymouth and begin planning their settlement. 1621 Bradford is elected Governor of the colony after the death John Carver. 1630 Bradford begins writing Of Plimoth Plantation, a detailed history of the founding of Plymouth Colony and the lives of the colonists from 1621 to 1647. Bradford writes his last notes in the volume in 1650. The Pilgrims on the Mayflower by Henry Oliver Walker Image Credits Bradford dies in Plymouth on May 9. 1657 All images of the manuscript are from William Bradford’s Of Plimoth Plantation. Manuscript 198, State Library of Massachusetts. ca. 1657-1775 Manuscript volume remains in Bradford’s family, who allow it Page 3: William Bradford. -
June 2010 Volume 30, Number 2
The Society of Mayflower Descendants in the State of Connecticut www.ctmayflower.org Nutmeg Gratings June 2010 Volume 30, Number 2 OVERNOR’S MESSAGE As I write this it is Memorial Day and I have just returned I mention my family’s service only because I from visiting the family believe that as Mayflower descendants, we all cemetery. How impressive it are in a special position to appreciate the was to see so many breadth of service of so many of our ancestors. American flags on the graves I am sure that all of us have many stories that of the deceased servicemen we could tell concerning the gallantry and women buried there. exhibited by our forebears in service to our Memorial Day is a day to country. I hope that all of us feel a special honor those who fought and continue to fight obligation to perpetuate their memories, not for our country and especially those who gave only on Memorial Day but every day, so that their lives so that we may enjoy the many our children and our children’s children will freedoms available to us today. It is a time for appreciate their efforts to preserve America’s us to recall the human sacrifices made on a way of life and the liberties we all hold so nation’s behalf. As I recall the service of my dear. ancestors I am in awe of the sacrifices that they must have made in order to serve their On a lighter note, please mark your calendars country. My father fought in World War II and now for our annual meeting and luncheon to it was only after his death that I discovered he be held on October 23.